1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,840 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,480 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you should know 3 00:00:08,119 --> 00:00:16,479 Speaker 1: from House Stuff Works dot Com? Hey, and welcome to 4 00:00:16,520 --> 00:00:19,040 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark with me as always as 5 00:00:19,120 --> 00:00:23,360 Speaker 1: Charles W. Chuck Bryant. And this is stuff you should 6 00:00:23,360 --> 00:00:26,640 Speaker 1: not like it or not like it or not. People 7 00:00:26,680 --> 00:00:29,000 Speaker 1: are like tuning out now. Oh, man, I downloaded the 8 00:00:29,040 --> 00:00:31,080 Speaker 1: wrong one. I thought this is radio. I thought this 9 00:00:31,160 --> 00:00:34,199 Speaker 1: is w t F with Martin Marry H. What is 10 00:00:34,240 --> 00:00:40,400 Speaker 1: that stand for? What the heck? With an F? What 11 00:00:40,520 --> 00:00:44,560 Speaker 1: the heck? H? I probably shouldn't even say that. We'll 12 00:00:44,560 --> 00:00:47,600 Speaker 1: find out, Yeah, I guess so. Um if we get 13 00:00:47,640 --> 00:00:51,279 Speaker 1: censored or get an angry email, that's right. Um, how 14 00:00:51,400 --> 00:00:56,160 Speaker 1: you doing? Man? Good? Good, I'm glad. I'm well sir. Uh. 15 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:57,760 Speaker 1: This is gonna be a good one if you ask 16 00:00:57,880 --> 00:01:00,880 Speaker 1: me this this point. This goes in with our um 17 00:01:01,160 --> 00:01:04,800 Speaker 1: nuclear sweet which is pretty extensive by now. Yeah, we've 18 00:01:04,800 --> 00:01:08,280 Speaker 1: done quite a few steel steal a bomb. Yeah, who 19 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:13,880 Speaker 1: won the Cold War? When the Cold War mutual issued destruction? Um? 20 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:15,880 Speaker 1: What else have we done? Now? This one that seems 21 00:01:15,920 --> 00:01:17,800 Speaker 1: like there was one other one Star Wars had some 22 00:01:17,920 --> 00:01:22,040 Speaker 1: nuke stuff to it. Yeah, we've done some other stuff. 23 00:01:22,440 --> 00:01:24,880 Speaker 1: So this is part of the nuclear nuclear sweet. Yes, 24 00:01:24,920 --> 00:01:28,440 Speaker 1: as it were, the very sweet nuclear sweet. Um. And 25 00:01:28,520 --> 00:01:31,200 Speaker 1: we're talking today about whether or not it's possible to 26 00:01:31,480 --> 00:01:38,600 Speaker 1: detonate to test to um, it's a full extent apparently 27 00:01:38,880 --> 00:01:40,280 Speaker 1: I looked that at that's not the term. I think 28 00:01:40,319 --> 00:01:44,840 Speaker 1: Julia Layton made it up. Term up full extent testing 29 00:01:44,959 --> 00:01:47,760 Speaker 1: a nuclear bomb. It's full extent, which means not Apparently, 30 00:01:47,800 --> 00:01:50,040 Speaker 1: you can simulate a nuclear bomb by putting a bunch 31 00:01:50,080 --> 00:01:53,600 Speaker 1: of T and T together and going kaboom, but there's 32 00:01:53,600 --> 00:01:57,240 Speaker 1: no radiation. But it's really not quite the same as 33 00:01:57,280 --> 00:02:01,440 Speaker 1: testing a nuclear weapon by really blowing up the nuclear core, 34 00:02:01,960 --> 00:02:04,920 Speaker 1: which we used to do a lot, a lot um 35 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:09,200 Speaker 1: and most recently there's been a lot of nuclear tests, chuck. 36 00:02:09,360 --> 00:02:12,679 Speaker 1: A total of two thousand and fifty three nuclear weapons 37 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:16,160 Speaker 1: have been exploded on planet Earth, which is a big qualifier. 38 00:02:16,240 --> 00:02:19,440 Speaker 1: It's crazy, um, But that was only eight countries that 39 00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:24,280 Speaker 1: did that. Yes, the US had one thousand, thirty two, 40 00:02:24,480 --> 00:02:30,600 Speaker 1: North Korea, Russia's seven, France two d the UK and 41 00:02:30,760 --> 00:02:34,760 Speaker 1: China are tied at forty five apiece. India and Pakistan 42 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:38,079 Speaker 1: each had to, and then North Korea had to as well, 43 00:02:38,160 --> 00:02:40,079 Speaker 1: the most recent one to join the FRAY in two 44 00:02:40,120 --> 00:02:42,120 Speaker 1: thousand six and two thousand nine. I wonder if the 45 00:02:42,200 --> 00:02:47,679 Speaker 1: UK and China are kind of like do it. I 46 00:02:47,720 --> 00:02:51,240 Speaker 1: could think China doing it over Oak wouldn't do that. 47 00:02:51,800 --> 00:02:56,320 Speaker 1: You never know, Okay, well they did it before. Yeah, 48 00:02:56,360 --> 00:02:58,560 Speaker 1: but those are different days. But of course the U. 49 00:02:58,880 --> 00:03:02,080 Speaker 1: S A leads the pack in detonating nuclear weapons on 50 00:03:02,160 --> 00:03:06,560 Speaker 1: planet Earth. Yeah, man by far desert out in the ocean, yeah, 51 00:03:06,680 --> 00:03:10,560 Speaker 1: underground in the air. I sent Josh a video earlier 52 00:03:10,600 --> 00:03:13,520 Speaker 1: that Jonathan Strickland if tech Stuff sent me today by chance. 53 00:03:14,000 --> 00:03:16,560 Speaker 1: I was like, dude, really, yeah, how crazy is it 54 00:03:16,639 --> 00:03:20,040 Speaker 1: that you sent this? And he didn't respond, but it 55 00:03:20,120 --> 00:03:24,040 Speaker 1: was a there's a video on the YouTube's of this. Uh, 56 00:03:24,080 --> 00:03:30,280 Speaker 1: these five Army or Navy guys standing underneath this is 57 00:03:30,320 --> 00:03:33,520 Speaker 1: one of the aerial detonations of a nuclear bomb. I 58 00:03:33,520 --> 00:03:35,520 Speaker 1: think they were Air Force and they were the Air Force, 59 00:03:35,640 --> 00:03:39,200 Speaker 1: and they just stood there and and watched. Basically they 60 00:03:39,200 --> 00:03:42,400 Speaker 1: stood at ground zero under the hypocenter. It is crazy 61 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:44,840 Speaker 1: and like you can see it and hear it happen, 62 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:48,640 Speaker 1: and they're just like laughing and carrying on and talking 63 00:03:48,640 --> 00:03:50,680 Speaker 1: about how awesome it was. Well, there's so there's five 64 00:03:50,720 --> 00:03:53,080 Speaker 1: of them. Four were volunteers. The only one who wasn't 65 00:03:53,080 --> 00:03:56,360 Speaker 1: a volunteer was the photographer. They forced him to do it. 66 00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:58,360 Speaker 1: But yeah, like, you see this light go off and 67 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:00,760 Speaker 1: there's no sound, but they like kind of inch and 68 00:04:00,800 --> 00:04:03,800 Speaker 1: then one guy wearing like old timey nineteen forties sunglasses 69 00:04:03,880 --> 00:04:06,120 Speaker 1: like looks up and then you can hear the sound. 70 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:10,200 Speaker 1: It's pretty crazy. But that was again mentioned. Number two 71 00:04:10,200 --> 00:04:14,160 Speaker 1: of Radio Lab. That was Robert croll Witch's blog roll, 72 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:16,080 Speaker 1: which wonders. He's one of the hosts of Radio Lab 73 00:04:16,120 --> 00:04:19,520 Speaker 1: of course. Um and that was pretty awesome. And I 74 00:04:19,520 --> 00:04:21,640 Speaker 1: found another blog of his that we'll talk about later. 75 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:25,159 Speaker 1: Did I send it to you? Yes, that was pretty sweet. Yeah. 76 00:04:25,200 --> 00:04:28,360 Speaker 1: I think it's top the first one even But um 77 00:04:28,400 --> 00:04:33,279 Speaker 1: So Strickland's involved, the UK has involved Robert croll which 78 00:04:33,320 --> 00:04:37,240 Speaker 1: has already been mentioned. UM. Basically, this is gonna be 79 00:04:37,279 --> 00:04:41,840 Speaker 1: a big, sweeping, enormous epic podcast if you ask me. 80 00:04:42,839 --> 00:04:47,520 Speaker 1: Um So. Part of North Korea spiel after two dozen six, 81 00:04:47,520 --> 00:04:51,039 Speaker 1: when it became officially a nuclear state was that um 82 00:04:51,080 --> 00:04:54,880 Speaker 1: a press release that said there was no nuclear fallout 83 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:59,360 Speaker 1: from this test, it was totally contained. Well, it's kind 84 00:04:59,400 --> 00:05:02,159 Speaker 1: of unbelo lievable, you know. I mean, like one of 85 00:05:02,200 --> 00:05:05,720 Speaker 1: the things you think of with the nuclear weapon is radiation. 86 00:05:05,720 --> 00:05:08,320 Speaker 1: That's one of the things that's designed to do, is 87 00:05:08,839 --> 00:05:12,159 Speaker 1: not just wipe out a population with the explosion, but 88 00:05:12,600 --> 00:05:17,520 Speaker 1: to really plague it for generations, you know. Um, But 89 00:05:17,680 --> 00:05:21,279 Speaker 1: it turns out that it is possible depending on the 90 00:05:21,320 --> 00:05:23,839 Speaker 1: type of test you conduct and the conditions and the 91 00:05:24,440 --> 00:05:29,159 Speaker 1: h if you carry the two, well, then you might 92 00:05:29,200 --> 00:05:34,480 Speaker 1: be able to conduct a nuclear test that doesn't have 93 00:05:34,520 --> 00:05:37,800 Speaker 1: any fallout, at least that atmospheric fallout. Is that true? 94 00:05:37,800 --> 00:05:42,120 Speaker 1: Because I didn't even gather that from this. I thought, well, 95 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:45,240 Speaker 1: we'll get into it. No, it can be totally contained. Really, 96 00:05:45,400 --> 00:05:48,680 Speaker 1: I never drew that conclusion like that they have done 97 00:05:48,680 --> 00:05:53,440 Speaker 1: it and contained it completely. The Okay, then theoretically it can. 98 00:05:54,120 --> 00:05:56,120 Speaker 1: I don't know if they if it can. But like 99 00:05:56,200 --> 00:05:59,159 Speaker 1: there's I saw this awesome article on the BBC that 100 00:05:59,279 --> 00:06:03,039 Speaker 1: even had an flash slide show, which is the mark 101 00:06:03,080 --> 00:06:08,039 Speaker 1: of quality, um, that showed how a an underground test 102 00:06:08,160 --> 00:06:09,880 Speaker 1: could be done. We just give it away. It's the 103 00:06:09,920 --> 00:06:12,800 Speaker 1: underground test that you can contain the fallout. But how 104 00:06:12,839 --> 00:06:16,360 Speaker 1: it could contain all the fallout, and that COREA supposedly 105 00:06:16,360 --> 00:06:19,600 Speaker 1: went to these links to do it, supposedly. So um, well, 106 00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:24,480 Speaker 1: let's tuck real quick about what happens in a nuclear reaction. Chuckers, Yeah, Um, 107 00:06:24,520 --> 00:06:27,200 Speaker 1: I guess we should define a couple of things, um, 108 00:06:27,320 --> 00:06:29,960 Speaker 1: because we're gonna be thrown around some terminology that we 109 00:06:30,040 --> 00:06:32,880 Speaker 1: might understand, and you might be like, what's an isotope? 110 00:06:34,040 --> 00:06:38,800 Speaker 1: I forgot chemistry from high school. An isotope is basically 111 00:06:38,839 --> 00:06:42,080 Speaker 1: a different version of the same element, determined by the 112 00:06:42,160 --> 00:06:46,360 Speaker 1: number of neutrons. So like, if you've got hydrogen um, 113 00:06:46,400 --> 00:06:49,320 Speaker 1: just a regular old hydrogen atom doesn't have neutrons. If 114 00:06:49,320 --> 00:06:53,320 Speaker 1: you add one neutron, it's tertium. If you have two neutrons, 115 00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:57,400 Speaker 1: it's tritium. But they're all hydrogen. So they're just different 116 00:06:57,480 --> 00:07:01,839 Speaker 1: versions of that same element. Pretty easy. So fission happens 117 00:07:01,880 --> 00:07:08,120 Speaker 1: when scientists basically bombard a larger isotope with neutrons and 118 00:07:08,560 --> 00:07:12,560 Speaker 1: the collision basically is fission, and it produces like an 119 00:07:12,560 --> 00:07:16,480 Speaker 1: incredible amount of energy because of mass defect. So like 120 00:07:16,520 --> 00:07:18,440 Speaker 1: if you were to take if you were to write 121 00:07:18,440 --> 00:07:21,560 Speaker 1: out this formula for a nuclear fission reaction I have, 122 00:07:23,040 --> 00:07:25,880 Speaker 1: and it was like really accurately measured um all the 123 00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:27,880 Speaker 1: mass of all the atoms and all these sub atomic 124 00:07:27,920 --> 00:07:30,840 Speaker 1: particles before and after you're gonna find a mass defect. 125 00:07:30,880 --> 00:07:33,480 Speaker 1: You can find some missing mass, and that missing mass 126 00:07:33,680 --> 00:07:37,280 Speaker 1: is the energy, which is awesome if you're have a 127 00:07:37,360 --> 00:07:40,880 Speaker 1: nuclear reactor, because you're creating like tons and tons of energy, 128 00:07:41,680 --> 00:07:43,400 Speaker 1: and I guess it's awesome if you want to make 129 00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:46,080 Speaker 1: the nuclear bomb. Bro it is. What you're talking about 130 00:07:46,120 --> 00:07:48,040 Speaker 1: is fission. So fishing is like when one of those 131 00:07:48,040 --> 00:07:51,560 Speaker 1: neutrons is picked up by an atom, that the additional 132 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:56,720 Speaker 1: neutron just splits the atom and that releases more neutrons, 133 00:07:56,720 --> 00:07:59,600 Speaker 1: which forms a chain reaction. Well, it's the key there 134 00:07:59,640 --> 00:08:03,720 Speaker 1: is that were uses. There's only two. It has to 135 00:08:03,760 --> 00:08:07,840 Speaker 1: release extra neutrons and there's only two main isotopes that 136 00:08:07,880 --> 00:08:10,960 Speaker 1: can do this they found out, which is uranium two 137 00:08:11,920 --> 00:08:15,960 Speaker 1: plutonium two thirty nine. I'm more a plutonium guy, are 138 00:08:16,000 --> 00:08:19,680 Speaker 1: you really? Um? So they're fissionable, which is kind of 139 00:08:19,680 --> 00:08:22,200 Speaker 1: an awkward word, right, but it's not suspiciona well, because 140 00:08:22,240 --> 00:08:25,640 Speaker 1: I mean, how we can split an atom if you want, 141 00:08:25,720 --> 00:08:29,320 Speaker 1: let's do it right now. But we're just splitting one atom. 142 00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:32,080 Speaker 1: The point to this is that there has to be 143 00:08:32,120 --> 00:08:35,079 Speaker 1: a sustainable chain reaction, so that when we split one atom, 144 00:08:35,080 --> 00:08:37,280 Speaker 1: it causes another atom is splitting another atom to split 145 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:40,679 Speaker 1: in another atom is splitting. As these splits are taking place, Um, 146 00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:45,760 Speaker 1: a huge expansion is undergone. Right, it's growing and supposedly 147 00:08:45,920 --> 00:08:49,439 Speaker 1: at critical mass, which is like the full sustaining of 148 00:08:49,480 --> 00:08:53,200 Speaker 1: this chain reaction of nuclear fission among these atoms. Yeah, 149 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:56,680 Speaker 1: that's the minimum amount required to create that chain reaction. 150 00:08:56,960 --> 00:09:04,160 Speaker 1: So the critical mass um the number of neutrons can 151 00:09:04,200 --> 00:09:09,440 Speaker 1: be doubled eighty times a micro second. A micro second 152 00:09:09,800 --> 00:09:11,960 Speaker 1: is a millionth of a second, So that means that 153 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:15,479 Speaker 1: in one second the number of neutrons can have doubled 154 00:09:16,240 --> 00:09:20,840 Speaker 1: eighty million times. That's called yeah, something special. Yeah, and 155 00:09:20,880 --> 00:09:25,400 Speaker 1: that's not eighty million times two. That's the eighty million 156 00:09:25,520 --> 00:09:29,520 Speaker 1: power I believe, isn't it. It's exponential. Yeah, So it's 157 00:09:29,600 --> 00:09:34,720 Speaker 1: crazy big, right, you go from something very tiny to kaboom, 158 00:09:34,760 --> 00:09:37,880 Speaker 1: where all of a sudden, an enormous mushroom cloud. That's right, 159 00:09:38,160 --> 00:09:40,120 Speaker 1: And how you get that cloud? If you want to bomb, 160 00:09:40,559 --> 00:09:43,640 Speaker 1: you're gonna have two subcritical. Subcritical means that hasn't reached 161 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:47,280 Speaker 1: critical mass. You have two subcritical but fission norble isotopes, 162 00:09:47,600 --> 00:09:50,600 Speaker 1: and you keep them separate. That's really key. And then 163 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:55,079 Speaker 1: you combine them with a traditional explosive and it's all 164 00:09:55,120 --> 00:09:57,800 Speaker 1: over after that. And remember there's one of these just 165 00:09:57,840 --> 00:10:00,760 Speaker 1: sitting off the coast of Savanna somewhere a law. That's right, 166 00:10:01,160 --> 00:10:04,199 Speaker 1: it's just sitting there. And there's like there was dynamite. 167 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:06,920 Speaker 1: There's forgot about that. They're not one the same. There's 168 00:10:06,920 --> 00:10:11,480 Speaker 1: a t NT detonator that's just aging terribly underwater. I 169 00:10:11,480 --> 00:10:15,000 Speaker 1: thought they found it. No, remember the this x AG 170 00:10:15,280 --> 00:10:18,720 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah, yeah, offered to locate it for a million 171 00:10:18,720 --> 00:10:21,240 Speaker 1: bucks very publicly. Well that was a long time ago. 172 00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:23,480 Speaker 1: We talked about that. Yeah. I think that was the 173 00:10:23,600 --> 00:10:25,720 Speaker 1: maybe the steal the newke one. That was an early 174 00:10:25,720 --> 00:10:28,720 Speaker 1: one for sure. Wow. So that's another reason to be 175 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:31,959 Speaker 1: scared all over again. Right, So, chuck, um, there's four 176 00:10:32,160 --> 00:10:37,800 Speaker 1: kinds of nuclear weapons testing, at least four that we've 177 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:40,720 Speaker 1: come up with and carried out so far. Yes, there's 178 00:10:40,800 --> 00:10:45,080 Speaker 1: a high altitude space which I think we wondered like 179 00:10:45,120 --> 00:10:49,520 Speaker 1: what would happen in the Star Wars episode? Answered right here? Yeah, Um, 180 00:10:49,720 --> 00:10:55,160 Speaker 1: underground underwater and atmospheric. Let's talk about these all right, Well, 181 00:10:55,240 --> 00:10:58,480 Speaker 1: let's talk about atmospheric. Let's do this is the one 182 00:10:58,520 --> 00:11:01,280 Speaker 1: that I said. The YouTube of showed a plane flying 183 00:11:01,840 --> 00:11:05,000 Speaker 1: and shooting this bomb off. It wasn't like dropped, It 184 00:11:05,080 --> 00:11:08,439 Speaker 1: was like launched like a rocket and then exploded above 185 00:11:08,480 --> 00:11:11,200 Speaker 1: these dudes heads where they could see it. Um. Not 186 00:11:11,280 --> 00:11:13,200 Speaker 1: a good idea. I don't know why they ever thought 187 00:11:13,200 --> 00:11:15,160 Speaker 1: this is a good idea, even in the middle of 188 00:11:15,200 --> 00:11:18,880 Speaker 1: a desert. Um, it's gonna fall, It's gonna rain down. 189 00:11:19,520 --> 00:11:23,600 Speaker 1: What happened upon the ground and whoever is down there 190 00:11:23,920 --> 00:11:25,880 Speaker 1: is Billy Idol put it, It's going to rain hell 191 00:11:25,960 --> 00:11:30,679 Speaker 1: from above that idol? Yeah, okay if the rebel yeo 192 00:11:31,360 --> 00:11:33,520 Speaker 1: was it? Yeah? I don't know all the words of 193 00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:38,200 Speaker 1: that song. Where where where does that come? I can't 194 00:11:38,200 --> 00:11:41,360 Speaker 1: remember what is the it's the it's the last rain 195 00:11:41,440 --> 00:11:47,280 Speaker 1: hell from a bow in the midnight man crop all. 196 00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:51,559 Speaker 1: It's pretty good, Billy Idol. So the scariest thing about 197 00:11:51,840 --> 00:11:53,280 Speaker 1: when they do these tests out in the middle of 198 00:11:53,320 --> 00:11:56,880 Speaker 1: a desert is all they do basically is quote clear 199 00:11:56,920 --> 00:12:00,240 Speaker 1: the area, Like that's how they prepare the surround owning 200 00:12:00,280 --> 00:12:03,959 Speaker 1: area for a nuclear fallout. They just clear it as 201 00:12:04,000 --> 00:12:06,880 Speaker 1: best they can, which usually consists of clearing like one 202 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:10,560 Speaker 1: or two micro nations consisting of one or two guys 203 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:14,760 Speaker 1: who use like chocolate chip cookie dough is currency. Right, Yeah, 204 00:12:14,760 --> 00:12:17,000 Speaker 1: I mean, what about all the animals, what about all 205 00:12:17,000 --> 00:12:21,600 Speaker 1: the vegetation and playing Stop thinking about them, hippie, we're 206 00:12:21,640 --> 00:12:24,040 Speaker 1: trying to test nukes here. Well, and that's why they 207 00:12:24,040 --> 00:12:25,760 Speaker 1: do it out like in the middle of the Nevada 208 00:12:25,920 --> 00:12:28,920 Speaker 1: desert is because they think, you know, like it's barely 209 00:12:28,960 --> 00:12:34,960 Speaker 1: needing alive out there still. Okay, Yeah, the ground groundhog 210 00:12:35,040 --> 00:12:39,000 Speaker 1: or no, the prairie dog populations have been decimated because 211 00:12:39,040 --> 00:12:41,920 Speaker 1: they were reduced by exactly time percent. Did you see 212 00:12:41,920 --> 00:12:44,240 Speaker 1: the guy that wrote in about that today? He says, 213 00:12:44,360 --> 00:12:47,720 Speaker 1: by the way, when Josh said fact toy and decimate, 214 00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:51,400 Speaker 1: he's both of them wrong. And I had the same reply. 215 00:12:51,440 --> 00:12:55,560 Speaker 1: I was like, buddy, it's not ancient Rome anymore. Look 216 00:12:55,600 --> 00:12:59,480 Speaker 1: it up. Decimate means a completely different thing, though. Okay, 217 00:12:59,559 --> 00:13:02,920 Speaker 1: at this actoid All right, so let's talk about um 218 00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:06,480 Speaker 1: A ground test, the castle bravo test. Well, hold on 219 00:13:06,720 --> 00:13:09,640 Speaker 1: real quick, the atmospheric test, he said, like you drop 220 00:13:09,679 --> 00:13:11,440 Speaker 1: it out of a plane. There's other ways you can 221 00:13:11,480 --> 00:13:14,760 Speaker 1: do it. You can also um launch it via weather balloon, 222 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:17,480 Speaker 1: and you can just put it on top of a 223 00:13:17,559 --> 00:13:21,320 Speaker 1: tall pole. But basically an atmospheric test is anything just 224 00:13:21,400 --> 00:13:23,960 Speaker 1: above ground. You could also detonate it on top of 225 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:28,880 Speaker 1: the ground because it's atmospheric, there's nothing covering it. Right. Um, 226 00:13:29,040 --> 00:13:32,240 Speaker 1: Between that and say about two fifty miles, that's an 227 00:13:32,240 --> 00:13:36,679 Speaker 1: atmospheric test. Okay, two I believe so because two or 228 00:13:36,720 --> 00:13:39,800 Speaker 1: more is typically the high altitude test. How would they 229 00:13:39,840 --> 00:13:42,040 Speaker 1: do that on the ground though? It's like, get it? 230 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:44,920 Speaker 1: Two nine miles up is what I say. I mean 231 00:13:45,080 --> 00:13:48,400 Speaker 1: they were standing underneath the hypoth drop, two of them 232 00:13:48,480 --> 00:13:52,280 Speaker 1: on Japan. People were a little more reckless with nuclear 233 00:13:52,320 --> 00:13:55,920 Speaker 1: weapons back then, all right, so the Castle Bravo test. Yeah, 234 00:13:56,520 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 1: So basically the reason we talk about this is things 235 00:14:00,160 --> 00:14:03,000 Speaker 1: back then at least they would clear the area for 236 00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:07,839 Speaker 1: what they thought was gonna happen. But when you miscalculate, uh, 237 00:14:07,880 --> 00:14:11,120 Speaker 1: and you make an error in your math, bad things 238 00:14:11,120 --> 00:14:14,040 Speaker 1: can happen, which is what happened in nine at the 239 00:14:14,080 --> 00:14:17,200 Speaker 1: Bikinia Toll. That's right, and that's uh, that's actually where 240 00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:20,320 Speaker 1: the bikini swimsuit is named after. That's right. There was 241 00:14:20,400 --> 00:14:24,800 Speaker 1: nuclear fever around the world and some French designer made 242 00:14:24,840 --> 00:14:29,000 Speaker 1: the Bikini in honor of nuclear testing in Paradise, and 243 00:14:29,040 --> 00:14:32,840 Speaker 1: they said, how about some midriff fellas, and the guys went, 244 00:14:32,880 --> 00:14:36,040 Speaker 1: all right, I love the atomic age. Let's screw up 245 00:14:36,080 --> 00:14:39,640 Speaker 1: this big test. Yeah. So um. Basically, what they were 246 00:14:39,680 --> 00:14:41,960 Speaker 1: trying out was a new type of fuel core made 247 00:14:41,960 --> 00:14:48,680 Speaker 1: of lithium lithium fifteen I believe, And they had not 248 00:14:48,920 --> 00:14:55,640 Speaker 1: carried the two And we're estimating a six megatime detonation explosion. Yeah, 249 00:14:55,760 --> 00:14:59,000 Speaker 1: I as low as four. So they were off by 250 00:14:59,040 --> 00:15:01,040 Speaker 1: almost three times. Yeah. It turned out to be a 251 00:15:01,080 --> 00:15:06,560 Speaker 1: fifteen megaton explosion, which means that the blast radius, the 252 00:15:06,560 --> 00:15:10,920 Speaker 1: the area where it's still safe just from the explosion, 253 00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:15,880 Speaker 1: was expanded tremendously, or should have been expanded tremendously. There 254 00:15:15,960 --> 00:15:19,040 Speaker 1: was a group of Japanese fishermen on a boat that 255 00:15:19,080 --> 00:15:22,280 Speaker 1: in English translates the name of which translates to lucky dragon. 256 00:15:22,880 --> 00:15:24,600 Speaker 1: And they were not so lucky because they were just 257 00:15:24,640 --> 00:15:28,160 Speaker 1: outside of the blast zone and um of the original 258 00:15:28,200 --> 00:15:30,640 Speaker 1: blast zone, and all of a sudden, all this stuff 259 00:15:30,640 --> 00:15:32,360 Speaker 1: starts raining down and like one of them is like 260 00:15:32,400 --> 00:15:34,920 Speaker 1: sticking at his tongue trying to taste it. It's all 261 00:15:35,040 --> 00:15:39,040 Speaker 1: nuclear fallout, and uh, the whole boat came down with 262 00:15:39,040 --> 00:15:41,880 Speaker 1: with sickness. And actually the one fatality from the Castle 263 00:15:41,920 --> 00:15:47,960 Speaker 1: Bravo test was on that boat. But people, Yeah, there 264 00:15:48,040 --> 00:15:51,560 Speaker 1: was a lot of like cancer birth effects, second generation 265 00:15:51,600 --> 00:15:53,760 Speaker 1: birth effect. Yeah, there was a lot of It was 266 00:15:53,800 --> 00:15:57,040 Speaker 1: a huge screw up, to say the least. I got 267 00:15:57,080 --> 00:15:59,600 Speaker 1: some stats on that. They produced a four and a 268 00:15:59,640 --> 00:16:04,200 Speaker 1: half mile wide fireball four and a half miles dude 269 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:09,320 Speaker 1: left a crater feet in diameter and two fifty ft deep, 270 00:16:09,760 --> 00:16:12,200 Speaker 1: and in the end it was a thousand times more 271 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:15,080 Speaker 1: powerful than either one of the bombs we dropped on Japan, 272 00:16:16,520 --> 00:16:20,320 Speaker 1: and it's still the largest nuclear detonation by the United 273 00:16:20,360 --> 00:16:24,080 Speaker 1: States ever. Yeah, I think Russia topped that, of course. 274 00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:29,040 Speaker 1: And they basically just put the device out on top 275 00:16:29,120 --> 00:16:33,080 Speaker 1: of this a toll and like ran away, like setting 276 00:16:33,120 --> 00:16:36,400 Speaker 1: off a firework or something like that. Yeah, that was 277 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:42,000 Speaker 1: pretty nuts, very sad. Um. Shall we go underwater if 278 00:16:42,080 --> 00:16:44,560 Speaker 1: you're interested in this at all, especially like the Bikinia 279 00:16:44,680 --> 00:16:49,320 Speaker 1: Tall there's footage in this awesome documentary from called Atomic Cafe. 280 00:16:50,680 --> 00:16:54,040 Speaker 1: I think I've seen that it's it's it's just like 281 00:16:54,160 --> 00:16:58,200 Speaker 1: newsreel footage and basically it's like cold war nuclear hysteria 282 00:16:58,400 --> 00:17:03,160 Speaker 1: and um love and reasons behind hya. But there's a 283 00:17:03,320 --> 00:17:06,359 Speaker 1: there's a news reel clip of like the King of 284 00:17:06,840 --> 00:17:10,840 Speaker 1: I can't remember, but the Marshall Islands. Basically the indigenous 285 00:17:10,920 --> 00:17:14,480 Speaker 1: king um stands up, He's like, we're really excited to 286 00:17:14,520 --> 00:17:17,720 Speaker 1: evacuate our home for you guys to do nuclear testings, 287 00:17:17,760 --> 00:17:22,040 Speaker 1: so let's go. And it's really just awkward and staged 288 00:17:22,160 --> 00:17:25,080 Speaker 1: and it's something else. Or the people all behind him 289 00:17:25,080 --> 00:17:26,680 Speaker 1: going did he just say what I think he said? Yeah, 290 00:17:26,680 --> 00:17:29,600 Speaker 1: They're like, what did he say? That actually sucks? Yeah? So, um, 291 00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:32,280 Speaker 1: it's a good movie. The whole thing is, Yeah, that's 292 00:17:32,320 --> 00:17:35,440 Speaker 1: a documentary. I think there's a movie called The Atomic 293 00:17:35,440 --> 00:17:38,200 Speaker 1: Cafe too. That's it. Oh, I didn't think it was 294 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:41,800 Speaker 1: a documentary. It's a documentary. It's by two brothers and 295 00:17:41,880 --> 00:17:45,080 Speaker 1: a friend, a lady friend. Really is there a person 296 00:17:45,119 --> 00:17:49,600 Speaker 1: on the bicycle on a bike on the cover? There 297 00:17:49,680 --> 00:17:52,480 Speaker 1: may be. I believe there's definitely a mushroom cloud. I 298 00:17:52,560 --> 00:17:56,040 Speaker 1: might be thinking of something altogether different. You're thinking of 299 00:17:56,520 --> 00:18:01,320 Speaker 1: fables of the reconstruction, all right, so now, Mr Zusu, 300 00:18:01,359 --> 00:18:04,760 Speaker 1: can we go under water? Yes, that's all right. Um, 301 00:18:04,920 --> 00:18:08,800 Speaker 1: underwater is gonna have less fall out obviously because you're underwater. 302 00:18:09,160 --> 00:18:11,719 Speaker 1: So that's good. But and you don't see a lot 303 00:18:11,760 --> 00:18:13,120 Speaker 1: of this. It's hard to get a lot of information 304 00:18:13,200 --> 00:18:17,280 Speaker 1: on this, but obviously you're gonna destroy any kind of 305 00:18:17,280 --> 00:18:22,200 Speaker 1: marine life, coral reefs that we've talked about, and basically 306 00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:25,359 Speaker 1: anything else that it comes into contact with, not to 307 00:18:25,400 --> 00:18:32,080 Speaker 1: mention fishing villages and basically these these people that depend 308 00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:36,239 Speaker 1: on fishing to live. Yeah, it's not just the um, 309 00:18:37,040 --> 00:18:40,119 Speaker 1: it's not just the immediate impacts, which is basically blowing 310 00:18:40,200 --> 00:18:43,560 Speaker 1: up tons of dolphins and whales and stuff like that. Um, 311 00:18:43,800 --> 00:18:47,600 Speaker 1: it has a long sustained impact. Like think about it. 312 00:18:47,640 --> 00:18:50,959 Speaker 1: That just from Fukushima. That's another one in our nuclear 313 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:56,720 Speaker 1: suite how nuclear meltdown works. That's right, Fukushima. Um, there's 314 00:18:56,840 --> 00:19:00,600 Speaker 1: people who like won't touch any kind of seafood from 315 00:19:00,680 --> 00:19:04,600 Speaker 1: Japan now because they're afraid to fall out. Whether that's 316 00:19:05,280 --> 00:19:08,800 Speaker 1: correct or not, at the very least in the public opinion. 317 00:19:09,240 --> 00:19:12,720 Speaker 1: You can't just blow up a nuclear weapon underwater and 318 00:19:12,920 --> 00:19:15,600 Speaker 1: expect everything to be okay. Well, yeah, and the economic 319 00:19:15,640 --> 00:19:19,040 Speaker 1: impact that has on the fisherman, of course, it's huge. Uh. 320 00:19:19,080 --> 00:19:23,320 Speaker 1: And the three eyed fish like the Simpsons, Blinkie was that? 321 00:19:23,359 --> 00:19:26,600 Speaker 1: Who was? And it blinked on in succession? Right? Yeah, 322 00:19:26,640 --> 00:19:30,439 Speaker 1: that's pretty funny. Yeah. Um, and you just confirmed that 323 00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:32,920 Speaker 1: it was a bicycle in the front of the Atomic Cafe, right, yeah, 324 00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:35,520 Speaker 1: that's Atomic Cafe, all right. I've always wanted to see that, 325 00:19:35,560 --> 00:19:37,640 Speaker 1: and I never knew it was a documentary. It's very good. 326 00:19:37,840 --> 00:19:40,360 Speaker 1: I always associated with Attack of the Killer Tomatoes because 327 00:19:40,400 --> 00:19:42,040 Speaker 1: I think they came out at about the same time 328 00:19:42,440 --> 00:19:44,160 Speaker 1: and they both seem to have like the same kind 329 00:19:44,160 --> 00:19:50,199 Speaker 1: of thrilling poster. Okay, shall we go into outer underground 330 00:19:50,359 --> 00:19:53,440 Speaker 1: or should we say that for last and do outer space? Uh? Well, 331 00:19:53,480 --> 00:19:57,960 Speaker 1: let's go underground because this is the winner as far 332 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:01,959 Speaker 1: as the only way theoretically took taine fully a nuclear blast. 333 00:20:02,240 --> 00:20:04,840 Speaker 1: But you gotta go down really really really deep, like 334 00:20:04,880 --> 00:20:09,000 Speaker 1: eight which is a half a mile about feet and 335 00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:12,760 Speaker 1: for that's that's a bomb of what size? Uh? I 336 00:20:12,880 --> 00:20:16,320 Speaker 1: don't know, Chuck, Well, Okay, this can put it into 337 00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:20,040 Speaker 1: into comparison. At least three hundred feet down you could 338 00:20:20,040 --> 00:20:25,359 Speaker 1: contain a one kiloton bomb. That's kiloton. You gotta remember 339 00:20:25,400 --> 00:20:30,280 Speaker 1: that Castle Bravo was fifteen mega tons. So yeah, there's 340 00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:34,639 Speaker 1: some math involved there somewhere, But I imagine eight hundred 341 00:20:34,800 --> 00:20:42,080 Speaker 1: eight hundred feet you said, um, And supposedly, even though 342 00:20:42,240 --> 00:20:45,399 Speaker 1: they do point out in this article, you never really 343 00:20:45,440 --> 00:20:48,760 Speaker 1: know until you do it because it can be unpredictable, 344 00:20:48,800 --> 00:20:54,120 Speaker 1: obviously in the case of of the Bikini Atoll. But um, 345 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:56,760 Speaker 1: it's worst case scenario if it does go above ground, 346 00:20:56,920 --> 00:21:00,479 Speaker 1: because then it's raining down radioactive soil and lots and 347 00:21:00,600 --> 00:21:04,040 Speaker 1: lots of radio ative soil. So UM. To to outfit 348 00:21:04,119 --> 00:21:09,280 Speaker 1: the best case scenario, um, basically, you want to dig 349 00:21:09,320 --> 00:21:12,920 Speaker 1: this eight D you want to bore an eight hundred hole, 350 00:21:13,680 --> 00:21:16,359 Speaker 1: and you've hit subtraine in rock like the mantle of 351 00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:18,679 Speaker 1: the earth at this point, depending on where you are, 352 00:21:18,720 --> 00:21:21,120 Speaker 1: but most likely you have because you're half a mile 353 00:21:21,200 --> 00:21:25,800 Speaker 1: into the earth. You put your little nuclear bomb in there. Um. 354 00:21:25,840 --> 00:21:29,600 Speaker 1: And it says here also that North Korea's it's done 355 00:21:29,640 --> 00:21:33,800 Speaker 1: something like four to five mega tons. Yeah, Um in 356 00:21:33,800 --> 00:21:36,320 Speaker 1: in the chamber, which is like the bottom of the hole, 357 00:21:36,880 --> 00:21:42,919 Speaker 1: and you backfill it with like gravel, gypsum, like this 358 00:21:43,160 --> 00:21:45,879 Speaker 1: composite of all these different solid materials that are gonna 359 00:21:45,920 --> 00:21:49,760 Speaker 1: pack that whole solid to absorb the shock wave the 360 00:21:49,800 --> 00:21:53,639 Speaker 1: blast um. So that means that it can go up, 361 00:21:53,640 --> 00:21:55,960 Speaker 1: but it's not going to go up very far. What 362 00:21:56,000 --> 00:21:57,879 Speaker 1: it's gonna do is go out. So you set the 363 00:21:57,880 --> 00:22:01,199 Speaker 1: thing off and it goes out and down and it 364 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:05,719 Speaker 1: actually the blast vaporizes the mantle of the earth around it, 365 00:22:06,320 --> 00:22:09,720 Speaker 1: which then eventually, after probably a few seconds, cools into 366 00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:14,159 Speaker 1: molten rock. And after that sits there in stews for 367 00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:18,919 Speaker 1: a couple of minutes. The um the the whole above 368 00:22:18,960 --> 00:22:21,760 Speaker 1: it where the it can't support the earth above it 369 00:22:21,800 --> 00:22:25,119 Speaker 1: any longer, and so it collapses. And then what you 370 00:22:25,160 --> 00:22:29,320 Speaker 1: have is called a subsistence creator. Subsidence creator cannot be 371 00:22:29,359 --> 00:22:32,720 Speaker 1: good for the Earth. It's not. But there's YouTube lousy 372 00:22:32,800 --> 00:22:37,040 Speaker 1: with like underground tests where these creators just form. It's nuts, 373 00:22:37,040 --> 00:22:42,800 Speaker 1: But that supposedly contains the fallout. Supposedly, that's what I hear, 374 00:22:42,880 --> 00:22:46,159 Speaker 1: that's what the BBC says. But that's how if you 375 00:22:46,359 --> 00:22:49,200 Speaker 1: if you're ever interested, that's how you perform an underground 376 00:22:49,240 --> 00:22:51,680 Speaker 1: nuclear test. If you have a nuclear bomb and an 377 00:22:51,720 --> 00:22:55,359 Speaker 1: eight D boer. Yeah, that's I mean, that's got to 378 00:22:55,400 --> 00:22:57,680 Speaker 1: be some high engineering right there to get down there 379 00:22:57,680 --> 00:22:59,520 Speaker 1: and not have a cave in on itself. And it's 380 00:22:59,520 --> 00:23:02,160 Speaker 1: not just a hole either. Probably, Hey, Kim jong Ill 381 00:23:02,240 --> 00:23:06,119 Speaker 1: knew what to pull the stops one. That's right, all right. 382 00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:09,680 Speaker 1: So now outer space, which is one of the dumbest ideas. 383 00:23:10,440 --> 00:23:12,560 Speaker 1: Actually they're all pretty dumb if he asked me. But 384 00:23:12,920 --> 00:23:15,720 Speaker 1: we did it, and so did Russia, and we would 385 00:23:16,440 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: um to see basically if we could kill satellites with 386 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:24,439 Speaker 1: nuclear bombs in space. Um. One of the problems is 387 00:23:24,880 --> 00:23:28,320 Speaker 1: it kills a lot of satellites and possibly your own 388 00:23:28,320 --> 00:23:31,840 Speaker 1: important satellites. So they just discovered the Van Allen Belt 389 00:23:32,200 --> 00:23:36,320 Speaker 1: of nuclear radiation around the Earth, and they figured out 390 00:23:36,359 --> 00:23:39,480 Speaker 1: that if they blew up a nuclear bomb in the 391 00:23:39,560 --> 00:23:43,040 Speaker 1: Van Allen Belt, they could create an electromagnetic pulse that 392 00:23:43,040 --> 00:23:46,359 Speaker 1: would wipe out satellites. But it wiped out more than 393 00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:50,200 Speaker 1: two stars, and it actually created that. This is where 394 00:23:50,240 --> 00:23:53,200 Speaker 1: we hit Robert Krolwitz again, who apparently shares the same 395 00:23:53,240 --> 00:23:57,480 Speaker 1: interest in nuclear history cold war nuclear history that we do, 396 00:23:58,119 --> 00:24:00,359 Speaker 1: because this is the second blog of his on this topic. 397 00:24:00,840 --> 00:24:03,640 Speaker 1: But UM, I would definitely recommend looking this up. It's 398 00:24:03,680 --> 00:24:07,640 Speaker 1: called um a very scary fireworks show and it's about 399 00:24:07,680 --> 00:24:12,399 Speaker 1: this um US launch of nuclear weapons into space. It 400 00:24:12,480 --> 00:24:15,200 Speaker 1: was called Starfish Prime was the operation. It's a pretty 401 00:24:15,200 --> 00:24:20,120 Speaker 1: cool name. M Starfish Prime PRIMU School. Starfish not so much. 402 00:24:20,240 --> 00:24:22,960 Speaker 1: I think it's cool. But they were publicizing it was 403 00:24:23,000 --> 00:24:25,000 Speaker 1: all over the newspapers. It was like, look for a 404 00:24:25,040 --> 00:24:27,040 Speaker 1: great fireworks is playing the sky and you could see 405 00:24:27,080 --> 00:24:30,040 Speaker 1: it looked like the Northern lights up in space when 406 00:24:30,080 --> 00:24:33,800 Speaker 1: this thing was exploded two miles up. Well, the good 407 00:24:33,800 --> 00:24:36,399 Speaker 1: news there is there's not gonna be any fallout because 408 00:24:36,840 --> 00:24:39,960 Speaker 1: our atmosphere is going to deflect that. The bad news though, is, 409 00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:43,520 Speaker 1: like we said, it's not exactly it's not an exact science. 410 00:24:43,640 --> 00:24:46,320 Speaker 1: You're not sharp shooting, so you can take out all 411 00:24:46,359 --> 00:24:50,640 Speaker 1: kinds of satellites. And I think there was an electromagnetic 412 00:24:50,760 --> 00:24:54,320 Speaker 1: pulse that actually can wipe out electrical systems here on Earth, 413 00:24:54,600 --> 00:24:58,840 Speaker 1: and it did in a big way. Um. And then 414 00:24:59,040 --> 00:25:02,160 Speaker 1: of course radiation in space, who knows what that means, 415 00:25:03,640 --> 00:25:06,600 Speaker 1: you know, to like man space flights. Yeah, you don't 416 00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:08,919 Speaker 1: want that stuff out there, which is strange because I 417 00:25:08,920 --> 00:25:11,280 Speaker 1: thought there was a lot of radiation already in space 418 00:25:13,240 --> 00:25:18,960 Speaker 1: from well just solar radiation. Um, there's tons of isotopes 419 00:25:19,080 --> 00:25:23,240 Speaker 1: up there. Man, I don't even get me started. So 420 00:25:23,520 --> 00:25:27,840 Speaker 1: is that it underground? Is that our consensus? It seems 421 00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:29,800 Speaker 1: to be the way to go. How about no more 422 00:25:29,880 --> 00:25:32,920 Speaker 1: nuclear weapons testing of any kind? That's that's what I'm 423 00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:37,679 Speaker 1: getting behind. Um Man, there's tons of cool stuff on 424 00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:40,360 Speaker 1: the internet. Uh. If you want to check out those 425 00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:43,480 Speaker 1: five crazy guys standing beneath the hypocenter of a new 426 00:25:43,840 --> 00:25:48,160 Speaker 1: nuclear blast and I think two. Um, you can check 427 00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:51,480 Speaker 1: out five men agree to stand directly under an exploding 428 00:25:51,560 --> 00:25:54,840 Speaker 1: nuclear bomb on coral which is blog. Also check out 429 00:25:54,880 --> 00:25:58,000 Speaker 1: this very scary fireworks display while you're there. Um, I 430 00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:02,080 Speaker 1: would strongly recommend atomic cafe and radio lab and tech 431 00:26:02,119 --> 00:26:07,280 Speaker 1: stuff yep. Um. And there's this really cool time laps 432 00:26:07,840 --> 00:26:12,840 Speaker 1: video of the two thousand and fifty three nuclear nuclear 433 00:26:12,840 --> 00:26:17,760 Speaker 1: bombs exploded on Earth. Ever um by a Japanese artist 434 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:22,639 Speaker 1: named Sayo Hashimoto is a cool name. Um. It's called 435 00:26:22,720 --> 00:26:25,800 Speaker 1: nuclear Testing dot w m V on YouTube. It's it's 436 00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:28,280 Speaker 1: worth checking out. Yeah, it's cool. It's it represents them 437 00:26:28,280 --> 00:26:30,600 Speaker 1: by just little flashes instead Like I thought I was 438 00:26:30,640 --> 00:26:33,360 Speaker 1: expecting something different, but did you see like it had? 439 00:26:33,400 --> 00:26:35,800 Speaker 1: Like it looked like an old Atari game, like yeah, 440 00:26:36,000 --> 00:26:38,440 Speaker 1: it looks sort of like missile Command, but it had 441 00:26:38,480 --> 00:26:40,600 Speaker 1: the years. As the years tick by, it shows when 442 00:26:40,600 --> 00:26:43,240 Speaker 1: they were in, when and where they're detonated, and it's 443 00:26:43,240 --> 00:26:45,160 Speaker 1: funny to see the heyday of when they're going off 444 00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:49,640 Speaker 1: a lot more and that great cream hey day. Um. 445 00:26:49,720 --> 00:26:52,880 Speaker 1: And if you want to learn more about nuclear weapons testing, 446 00:26:52,960 --> 00:26:57,639 Speaker 1: you can type in nuclear weapon radioactive fall out. It'll 447 00:26:57,680 --> 00:27:01,200 Speaker 1: bring up this, uh, excellent article on how stuff works 448 00:27:01,240 --> 00:27:04,080 Speaker 1: dot com. And uh, I don't think I said search 449 00:27:04,119 --> 00:27:07,359 Speaker 1: bars the search bar. And now it's time for listener. 450 00:27:07,400 --> 00:27:13,320 Speaker 1: Now I'm gonna call this farmer Garrett rights in my 451 00:27:13,359 --> 00:27:16,280 Speaker 1: favorite farmer. Um. Hi, guys in Jerry, I just want 452 00:27:16,320 --> 00:27:17,840 Speaker 1: to take this time and say how much I enjoy 453 00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:20,600 Speaker 1: the show. Without you, I would not know what to 454 00:27:20,600 --> 00:27:23,680 Speaker 1: do with myself for hours on end. Literally, my friend 455 00:27:23,680 --> 00:27:27,720 Speaker 1: and I often find ourselves having nerd rampages where we 456 00:27:27,760 --> 00:27:30,240 Speaker 1: talk endlessly or debate about something you've covered in the show. 457 00:27:30,800 --> 00:27:33,639 Speaker 1: First started listening when my cousin introduced me to the 458 00:27:33,760 --> 00:27:37,480 Speaker 1: ten Strange Death podcast, and I was hooked, immediately subscribed, 459 00:27:37,560 --> 00:27:39,919 Speaker 1: been listening ever since. And without you, I would be 460 00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:42,639 Speaker 1: working in silence right now. You see, I work on 461 00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:44,800 Speaker 1: a farm, and most of the farm work has done 462 00:27:44,800 --> 00:27:47,119 Speaker 1: at night. Where I live. We have to wait for 463 00:27:47,160 --> 00:27:49,560 Speaker 1: the moisture to be just right before we can work 464 00:27:49,560 --> 00:27:54,280 Speaker 1: in the fields. So it's two fifty am according to 465 00:27:54,320 --> 00:27:55,800 Speaker 1: my clock right now, and I'll be heading out to 466 00:27:55,800 --> 00:27:59,480 Speaker 1: work shortly. So this is from Garrett Massey, and I 467 00:27:59,520 --> 00:28:01,520 Speaker 1: wrote Garrett back and I was like, dude, what kind 468 00:28:01,520 --> 00:28:04,040 Speaker 1: of farming are you doing at two fifteen in the morning. 469 00:28:04,240 --> 00:28:07,000 Speaker 1: I don't know anything about warming and he said we 470 00:28:07,080 --> 00:28:10,919 Speaker 1: actually our family worked with corn and hay and uh, 471 00:28:11,040 --> 00:28:13,159 Speaker 1: the reason we get up so early is so there's 472 00:28:13,200 --> 00:28:16,440 Speaker 1: plenty of moisture in the hay leaves before you rake 473 00:28:16,480 --> 00:28:18,760 Speaker 1: and bail them. So that's what I've been doing. I 474 00:28:18,760 --> 00:28:21,800 Speaker 1: started to thirty get home around ten am in the morning. 475 00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:24,600 Speaker 1: His work day is done. We live in New York, 476 00:28:24,760 --> 00:28:27,600 Speaker 1: I'm sorry. We live in New Mexico, not New York, 477 00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:30,479 Speaker 1: very different and it gets really hot and dry here, 478 00:28:30,520 --> 00:28:32,159 Speaker 1: which is why we have to work at night when 479 00:28:32,200 --> 00:28:35,400 Speaker 1: it's coolest and most humid. So I learned a little 480 00:28:35,440 --> 00:28:38,120 Speaker 1: something from that one. And since he brings up New Mexico, 481 00:28:38,160 --> 00:28:40,600 Speaker 1: that raises an excellent point. Just two days ago is 482 00:28:40,680 --> 00:28:46,000 Speaker 1: the sixties seventh anniversary of the very first nuclear weapons test, 483 00:28:46,240 --> 00:28:50,960 Speaker 1: Alma Gordo, New Mexico, the Trinity Test. It's all coming together. Yeah, 484 00:28:51,240 --> 00:28:53,479 Speaker 1: almost like we planned this stuff out. It's crazy, but 485 00:28:53,520 --> 00:28:57,360 Speaker 1: we don't. Strickland sending Land. I know, farmer Garrett sending 486 00:28:57,400 --> 00:29:04,880 Speaker 1: that time time. We're Jerry. Yeah. Well, if you want 487 00:29:04,960 --> 00:29:06,880 Speaker 1: to send us something that blows our minds, we're always 488 00:29:06,880 --> 00:29:08,680 Speaker 1: looking for that kind of thing. Um And we're not 489 00:29:08,720 --> 00:29:11,040 Speaker 1: even stuff to blow your mind, but we're we can 490 00:29:11,040 --> 00:29:15,120 Speaker 1: appreciate its. Um. You can tweet to us at s 491 00:29:15,240 --> 00:29:17,920 Speaker 1: y s K podcast. You can join us on Facebook 492 00:29:17,920 --> 00:29:20,880 Speaker 1: dot com slash stuff you Should Know, and you can 493 00:29:20,920 --> 00:29:25,120 Speaker 1: send us a good old fashioned electronic email. Uh to 494 00:29:25,480 --> 00:29:34,120 Speaker 1: stuff Podcast at Discovery dot com for more on this 495 00:29:34,240 --> 00:29:36,760 Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics. Does it how Stuff works 496 00:29:36,760 --> 00:29:46,600 Speaker 1: dot Com Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand 497 00:29:46,600 --> 00:29:48,760 Speaker 1: twelve camera. It's ready, are you