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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff from the Science Lab from how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com. Hey guys, and welcome to the podcast.

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Speaker 1: This is also Know the science editor how stuff works

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Speaker 1: dot com. And this is Robert Lamb, science writer and

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Speaker 1: how stuff works dot Com. Today, Robert has prepared a

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Speaker 1: real treat for us. Yeah, you know, we just upgraded

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Speaker 1: the whole studio. Here, we're recording some pretty high tech digs. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you look pretty sweet in those sad months. Yeah, I

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Speaker 1: feel kind of loud in them. But but but this,

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Speaker 1: this brings us, brings us to the question, do you

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Speaker 1: ever worry about things being upgraded to the point where

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Speaker 1: you'll be replaced by a robot? Um a little bit,

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Speaker 1: I mean sure of an editor, So some of the

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Speaker 1: job functionality I have could surely be performed could surely

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Speaker 1: be performed by a robot. Yeah, definitely, I mean I

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Speaker 1: can I think a little on those lines, Like a

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Speaker 1: lot of my job is like getting information, reassembling it

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Speaker 1: and throwing in a done joke, you know, and you

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Speaker 1: could considerably program something to do to do just that. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: but a robot is never going to have your creativity. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: well there's the definitely a human factor. Now, one area

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Speaker 1: where the robots have really made some inroads. Were just

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Speaker 1: pouring some jobs. Yeah, warfare. And it's kind of like

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Speaker 1: we talked in the Robots podcast or earlier, is that

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Speaker 1: you know, we give a lot of crap jobs to robots.

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Speaker 1: Indeed we do. And you know, you look, war is

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Speaker 1: a pretty crap job. So that's why we have these

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Speaker 1: u a v s flying around. All right. Yeah, Well

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Speaker 1: today we're going to talk about two main ua vs

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Speaker 1: going on the unmanned aerial vehicles, right, the Predator and

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Speaker 1: the Reaper. Do you want to kick it off with

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Speaker 1: the Predator today? Yeah? The Predators. The Predators are pretty

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Speaker 1: awesome piece of machinery. Um, They've been around for a

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Speaker 1: number of years. It's the m Q one Predator. It's

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Speaker 1: a medium altitude, long endurance unmanned aircraft system. Uh. And

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Speaker 1: if you've seen pictures of it, I mean, it just

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Speaker 1: looks like a sleek airplane that doesn't need any room

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Speaker 1: for a human pilot because the pilot um and crew

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Speaker 1: are in a little a little studio if you will,

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Speaker 1: um around. Yeah, and uh, the thing's loaded up with

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Speaker 1: a bunch of high tech since sensing equipment, you know,

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Speaker 1: and for red all that and Uh, it was you know,

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Speaker 1: invented primarily to be used as a reconnaissance right, okay, yeah,

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Speaker 1: so the predators out there and use right now. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: we've been using using it for for years. Um and

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Speaker 1: I think currently we have we've we've created something like,

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Speaker 1: uh like over a hundred I think counting the different

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Speaker 1: predators and and then the the eventual offshoot, the Reaper,

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Speaker 1: which we'll get to in a minute. So what kind

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Speaker 1: of weapon where we're talking about. It looks like they

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Speaker 1: become equipped with two leaser guided missiles, yeah, to to

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Speaker 1: help fire missiles they can carry and and this is

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Speaker 1: kind of be like they're out on you know, on

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Speaker 1: some sort of reconnaissment, reconnaissance mission and then the encounter

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Speaker 1: an enemy plane they can fire those off. In fact,

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Speaker 1: there's a there's a YouTube video from just before the

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Speaker 1: second I Rock War where um on a Rocky Meg

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Speaker 1: encounters one of these predators. Right. I was interested in this.

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Speaker 1: I mean, would an unmanned aerial vehicle be able to

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Speaker 1: engage top gun, Yes, sort of engage like it. You know,

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Speaker 1: it did some some defensive maneuvers, it fired off those

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Speaker 1: hell fires, but the MiG shot it down and and

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Speaker 1: at the time, like I saw like an old um,

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Speaker 1: you know, newsreel of this and they were like, finally

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Speaker 1: the the Iraqis, you know, have encountered a plane. They

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Speaker 1: can outmaneuver an outgun, you know, which was you know,

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Speaker 1: I guess there's a lot of chest bumping at you know,

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Speaker 1: not chest bumping, chest stumping at that time, which maybe

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Speaker 1: chess bumping or maybe chess bumping. It feels a little like,

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Speaker 1: you know, since everything that's happened since then, it feels

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Speaker 1: a little little tacky. But but but but yeah, that's

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Speaker 1: an example of where you know, the predator wasn't able

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Speaker 1: to hang with a human pilot and uh and and

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Speaker 1: for that reason, like dog fighting is definitely one of

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Speaker 1: those areas that that humans have a good hold on.

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Speaker 1: Those jobs aren't going to disappear anytime soon, except dog

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Speaker 1: fighting has kind of disappeared, at least in our current

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Speaker 1: military situation. The predator comes equipped with some pretty cool

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Speaker 1: stuff like the weeper holes. Yeah, this was amazing. Um

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Speaker 1: you've seen you've seen Iron Man, right, you know that

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Speaker 1: scene where he goes up he's like shooting up into

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Speaker 1: the area. He's all excited about it, and he starts

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Speaker 1: freezing up, covering with ice and then plummets. Well it's

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Speaker 1: like it's the same deal, you know, except without Robert

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Speaker 1: Downey Jr. Right, Yeah, without without without him behind the

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Speaker 1: wheel as it were. Um, yeah, And these are just

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Speaker 1: the edges of the wings are titanium and they're dotted

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Speaker 1: with the microscopic weeping holes. Needs allow an ethylene glycol

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Speaker 1: a solution to seep out out of internal reservoirs and

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Speaker 1: break down the ice it forms on the wings steering flight.

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Speaker 1: So you think you would have thought of that, you know,

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Speaker 1: and being a weapons designer, right right, right, So just

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Speaker 1: to give you guys a scoop, it's not just one

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Speaker 1: predator flying up. Typically, Um, you'll usually have a small

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Speaker 1: army of four predators with the sensors, and then you're

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Speaker 1: gonna have a ground control station that is where the

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Speaker 1: pilots are sitting, and you're going to have sensor operators

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Speaker 1: and you're also have a satellite link communication suite. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's like there's like one pilot, two crew members operating

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Speaker 1: stuff on the ground. There's a direct line of sight

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Speaker 1: link between the two, and then there's a satellite up links.

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Speaker 1: So it's it's not just like sending out a robot

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Speaker 1: to do a guy's job. It's like a it's like

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Speaker 1: a system, you know, with with plenty of guys still

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Speaker 1: involved in the process. And the aircraft can stay up

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Speaker 1: for roughly twenty four hours. And what they'll do is

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Speaker 1: we'll swap out one and they'll put another one up

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Speaker 1: so that they can have constant coverage. Yeah, it's like

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Speaker 1: if like if they unveiled like some robot louder Milks here,

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Speaker 1: you know, it's like one would do a you know,

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Speaker 1: eight hour shift and then another one would take over

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Speaker 1: right after that. You met, you bet, And uh, the

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Speaker 1: Reaper is uh kind of like the younger batter brother

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Speaker 1: of the Predator, Yeah, and the more heavily equipped one

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Speaker 1: at that it's heavier. The predator can go like a

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Speaker 1: hundred forty miles per hour, and the Reaper can go

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Speaker 1: three hundred UM. While the Predator has just those two

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Speaker 1: missiles um, the Reaper can hold like fourteen hellfire missiles

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Speaker 1: that can carry you know, carry a lot a lot

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Speaker 1: of heavier armaments. So it's uh, and it's it's basically

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Speaker 1: picking up and making an offensive weapon out of the

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Speaker 1: the reconnaissance technology, right It also comes equipped with some

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Speaker 1: laser ranger finders that can locate and transmit our images

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Speaker 1: of the targets. And the Reaper can also carry two bombs,

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Speaker 1: which is as many as the most standard fighter jets. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and the Reapers, of course, there are currently in operation

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Speaker 1: there out there doing their job in the Middle East. Right.

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Speaker 1: I think it began flying missions back in October two seven.

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Speaker 1: So tell me a little bit about Noel Sharky, Who've

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Speaker 1: got to interview for the Discovery News article. Oh yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: no is a really cool dude. He is a professor

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Speaker 1: of Artificial Intelligence and robotics at the University of Sheffield

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Speaker 1: in the UK, and he's also the co founder of

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Speaker 1: the International Committee for Robotics Arms Control, and he's just

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Speaker 1: he's really a guru on all things um on robotics

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Speaker 1: in general. But he's he's really made it his mission

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Speaker 1: to to get out there and get information out about

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Speaker 1: the current state of robotic weaponry and and sort of

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Speaker 1: you know, where we're headed in the future and making

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Speaker 1: sure that we're heading in the right direction. So, I mean,

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Speaker 1: he's like I think he's been on The Daily Show,

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Speaker 1: you know. He he's and he's one of these guys.

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Speaker 1: He can just he can talk for hours on the

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Speaker 1: second Yeah, yeah, he talked to me for like half

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Speaker 1: an hour, maybe forty or five minutes, and it was

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Speaker 1: all awesome. We could have kept going, but you know,

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Speaker 1: I wouldn't have any place to put it. So Sharky

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Speaker 1: was making the distinction between in loop systems, specifically men

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Speaker 1: and loop systems, right and man on the loop systems. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this is really this is really cool and apparently these

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Speaker 1: are these are industry terms for these, um, but the

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Speaker 1: systems that we were talking about just now the Predator

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Speaker 1: the Reaper with you know, with a command system on

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Speaker 1: the ground with guys working, and that is a man

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Speaker 1: in the loop system, all right. That means that someone

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Speaker 1: controls the applications of lethal force. And you know, it's

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Speaker 1: like other stuff will be will be automated, but but

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Speaker 1: there'll be certain key things that a person is definitely

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Speaker 1: taking care of. And likewise, it can operate on its own.

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Speaker 1: It can be programmed, Sharky says, to react to the GPS,

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Speaker 1: so it can go about on its own. It can

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Speaker 1: navigate itself. Um, but a pilot is still going to

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Speaker 1: step into control the heightened Yeah, and there's still there.

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Speaker 1: They're guys, you know, they're manning the thing on the ground, right,

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Speaker 1: So a man in the loop is really a hybrid

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Speaker 1: between you know, channa, So a man on the loop

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Speaker 1: system is really a hybrid. Then huh, but the the

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Speaker 1: next step and we're not there yet, but but like

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Speaker 1: the next step in the evolution of this would be

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Speaker 1: a man on the loop and uh. In this you'd

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Speaker 1: have a swarm of playing And when we say swarm,

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Speaker 1: don't think of like bees exactly. Swarm. It's like a

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Speaker 1: robotics term for, you know, a bunch of robots that

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Speaker 1: are operating in chorus with one another. So in this system,

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Speaker 1: there would be multiple planes and a you know, in

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Speaker 1: a full computerized system, but instead of having like one

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Speaker 1: crew on the ground for each plane, they'd be like

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Speaker 1: one crew for numerous planes. Um, you know, it's kind

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Speaker 1: of like imagine like a really rowdy kid at the beach, right,

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Speaker 1: and you have a parent like over his shoulder at

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Speaker 1: all times, making sure that he's not like eating sand

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Speaker 1: or you know, punching crabs or whatever, you know, bad

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Speaker 1: stuff kids do them. Yeah, I'm pretty familiar with the scenario.

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Speaker 1: So so that's that's that's man in the loop. Man

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Speaker 1: on the loop is like, you have a bunch of

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Speaker 1: kids that are reasonably well behaved, and somebody's just keeping

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Speaker 1: an eye on them, you know, Right, you get a

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Speaker 1: chance to sneak a peek at your summer reading your

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Speaker 1: trashy novel while the kids are swimming, you know, in

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Speaker 1: the ocean and jumping the waves, but occasionally step in

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Speaker 1: make sure they're right closen up to the beach. So

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Speaker 1: the next logical step in all this is just letting

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Speaker 1: the kids go to the beach by themselves, right and

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Speaker 1: and well, and you're gonna have a party. We'll see

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Speaker 1: you're concerned. And that's that's the key, because maybe the

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Speaker 1: kids aren't ready to go to the beach by themselves,

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Speaker 1: and likewise, neither is the technology. Yeah yeah, Likewise, do

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Speaker 1: we have the technology to send out robots on their

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Speaker 1: own to wage war or even wage reconnaissance? Um? And uh?

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Speaker 1: And should we even if we do have that technology.

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Speaker 1: I think you always need the red button. I think

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Speaker 1: you always need the executive pilot who's going to be

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Speaker 1: able to cancel the attack at any moment. I think

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Speaker 1: it's a predominant thinking on the matter. Yeah, So let's

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Speaker 1: talk about the advantages of some of these unmanned aerial vehicles. Um,

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Speaker 1: you found a pretty good article on this from Christian

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Speaker 1: Science Monitor writer Gregory M. Lamb new Relation. Yeah, he

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Speaker 1: did a good job of running through the panages. Right.

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Speaker 1: So obviously one of the things is that we're going

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Speaker 1: to be able to protect our own soldiers, our own

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Speaker 1: human soldiers. We're not going to have to put them

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Speaker 1: in interest missions, you know, whether it's crawling through caves

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Speaker 1: or uh street distrect urban combat, and ultimately we may

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Speaker 1: reduce casualties. Although I do think that there is still

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Speaker 1: a place for um, you know, infantry man in in

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Speaker 1: in combat. I don't I don't see robots entirely replacing that,

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Speaker 1: do you not? The current state of infantry now, And

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Speaker 1: that's the really interesting part. If we were introducing robots

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Speaker 1: into like the infantry of a hundred years ago, like

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Speaker 1: back when you had you know, clearly drawn lines, you know,

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Speaker 1: on the battlefield, and you had guys in uniform that

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Speaker 1: kind of thing, you had a much you know, as

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Speaker 1: much clearer and far more distinct, and you could conceivably

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Speaker 1: like send in a robot to do things like all right,

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Speaker 1: anybody in this uniform will be shot or anybody in

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Speaker 1: this area will be carpet bombed. Um. But but modern warfare,

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Speaker 1: I mean it's kind of the point where you just

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Speaker 1: don't have as much um, you know, black and white.

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Speaker 1: It's nuanced, right, I mean, you may have an area

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Speaker 1: like you all right, you can identify as like a

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Speaker 1: kill box where you know there's there's the enemy is

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Speaker 1: dense enough in this area that you can just unleash

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Speaker 1: full force on it. But aside from that, I mean,

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Speaker 1: you know, you have you know, you have street to

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Speaker 1: street warfare and heavily populated areas. I mean basically, the

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Speaker 1: whole situation in Iraq and Afghanistan is just not suitable

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Speaker 1: for at least you know, certainly on the ground for

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Speaker 1: a for a robotic warfare. And according to some, the

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Speaker 1: the neither is the the aerial scene. Right. Well, so

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Speaker 1: you could take this as an advantage or disadvantage. Um.

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Speaker 1: Some see civilian casualties being reduced with robotic warfare, especially

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Speaker 1: these unmanned aerial vehicles. But it all relies on human

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Speaker 1: information or misinformation, is the case, may be, right, right,

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Speaker 1: And that also assumes that you could introduce sufficient ethical programming.

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Speaker 1: According to Gregory Lamb. Yeah, there's a there's a UM

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Speaker 1: there's a project to Georgia Tech actually that was looking

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Speaker 1: into that and Ethical governor for robots. And this is

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Speaker 1: a key area UM something called the principle of distinction

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Speaker 1: UM and this is and this is something that the

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Speaker 1: International Committee for Robotics Arms Controller or or BIG I'm

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Speaker 1: talking about UM and and this is this is an

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Speaker 1: example that sharky uh put put forth. All Right, imagine

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Speaker 1: that you have in any war, you're gonna have people

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Speaker 1: that are immune to armed force. All right, You're gonna

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Speaker 1: have like, you know, wounded soldiers shouldn't be you know,

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Speaker 1: executed in the street. People should be able to surrender,

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Speaker 1: health workers should be able to get through. Civilians should

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Speaker 1: you know, not be harmed. Clergyman clergyman, yeah, yeah, et cetera.

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Speaker 1: All these people. So you're gonna have to have you

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Speaker 1: canna have a robot that's going to distinguish between all

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Speaker 1: these people. I mean that's pretty complicated. I Mean, we

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Speaker 1: have some some pretty high tech sensing equipment, but but

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Speaker 1: nothing that really replicates, you know the ability of you know,

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Speaker 1: if a human to take all that data and make

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Speaker 1: a judgment, right, the ability to interpret our definitely, Like well,

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Speaker 1: you like back to Sharky's example, It's like, say you

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Speaker 1: had a funeral procession, right, and if you you had

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Speaker 1: a robot that was designed to identify a funeral procession

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Speaker 1: and say, all right, I'm not going to attack those

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Speaker 1: guys because that's that's a few Well, then what would

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Speaker 1: happen the next day, right, You'd have you'd have enemy

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Speaker 1: you know, combatants UM generally marched into the street. Um.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, so yeah, it's like robots are not in

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Speaker 1: a position to make those kind of of choices. Now

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Speaker 1: the people are working on the Ethical Governor program. Their

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Speaker 1: argument was that, well, in some situations you could you

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Speaker 1: could create a program like not for like street to street,

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Speaker 1: you know, house to house warfare kind of a situation

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Speaker 1: where there's just too many factors. But if you had

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Speaker 1: say like if you had to say a reconnaissance robot

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Speaker 1: and you had a designed to respond to to UM force,

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Speaker 1: you know, even you could conceivably have it programmed to

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Speaker 1: where it could make the right decision. But but it's

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Speaker 1: still very this is a huge topic of discussion, right,

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Speaker 1: and it's not there, right, Yeah, the technologies yet not

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Speaker 1: there yet. So another advantage of using a robot might

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Speaker 1: be that they act as a force multiplier. So, um,

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Speaker 1: that is that you could extend your manpower farther. You

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Speaker 1: could have one soldier, one human fighter who was commanding

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Speaker 1: a squad of robots that were working semi autonomously on

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Speaker 1: the loop. Right right, right right, Okay, so you could

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Speaker 1: have much smaller army that is augmented with mechanical soldiers. Okay. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: And then of course, um, robots can make faster decisions

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Speaker 1: than a slow humans and that's an important advantage on

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Speaker 1: the modern battlefield where everything happens really fast. It's hard

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Speaker 1: to process all that information and you know, things like

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Speaker 1: shocks set in or their injuries and and a robot

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Speaker 1: it's just going to make that split second decision. Whether

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Speaker 1: or not it's the right one is open for discussion,

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Speaker 1: but it can make that. It does have that split

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Speaker 1: second capability. Yeah, and you know to that point, they're

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Speaker 1: not affected by emotion. They're not gonna get it angry

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Speaker 1: or vengeful or hungry or fatigued, tired, any of that. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And uh, and Sharky just guts that and he said

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Speaker 1: that I think his words were a quote, and neither

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Speaker 1: does my refrigerator. But that doesn't mean I'm going to

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Speaker 1: give it a weapon until it to go kill people. Um.

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Speaker 1: That's an interesting perspective along these lines. Two of the

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Speaker 1: other big disadvantages are how easy robotic weaponry can conceive

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Speaker 1: if we make it make killing. You know, it's if

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Speaker 1: you're you know, you're in a little studio or a

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Speaker 1: little control room and you're navigating a robot you know,

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Speaker 1: on the other you know, miles and miles away, you know,

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Speaker 1: to blow up an apartment or something. You're you're you

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Speaker 1: know that that we have that disconnect from the violence,

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Speaker 1: you know, and what does that do to us? Uh?

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Speaker 1: And similarly, if you if you were waging war and

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Speaker 1: you're sending out robot soldiers, robot soldiers that you know,

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Speaker 1: they get blown up, they crash, and and a large

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Speaker 1: number of the predators, for instance, have either been blown

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Speaker 1: up by the enemy or they've crashed. We even had

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Speaker 1: to shoot one down, I believe, um and because because

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Speaker 1: we've lost control with it and we had to had

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Speaker 1: to take it out. So if you're sending out these

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Speaker 1: robots soldiers and and they're just you know, they're crashing

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Speaker 1: or they're blowing up and they're doing their job whatever.

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Speaker 1: You're not getting body bags coming up, right, You're not

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Speaker 1: getting you know, images on the on the nightly news

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Speaker 1: of of grieving mothers, etcetera. And so therefore it makes

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Speaker 1: it easier politically to wage war because where's the outcry.

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Speaker 1: You know, nobody's you know, writing folk songs about the

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Speaker 1: poor robots that are that are dying. Right, I think

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Speaker 1: you can make the argument that presently we're disconnected from

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Speaker 1: wars going on all around us. Um, you know, at

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Speaker 1: least if you don't have a husband or a wife

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Speaker 1: or a brother, you know, some family members serving in

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Speaker 1: one of the wars, then then I think you might

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Speaker 1: be disconnected. Although at this point we've we've been bombarded

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Speaker 1: with so many images, you know, whether it's on the

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Speaker 1: news or reading a story in the newspaper. So I

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Speaker 1: don't know if that's true anymore because the war has

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Speaker 1: gone on so long, But at least initially at the outset,

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Speaker 1: I think that, yeah, currently people can be pretty disconnected

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Speaker 1: from a new war. Yes, what do you think? I think? So?

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Speaker 1: I mean the you know, the same technology of course,

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Speaker 1: also allows us to see images, you know, immediately of

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Speaker 1: what you know, what's happening on the battlefield or you know,

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Speaker 1: in the streets of Flusha or what have you. So,

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Speaker 1: so you have the same technology that can bring us

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Speaker 1: closer can also distances someone. So how effective are the

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Speaker 1: predator in the reaper? Have you found any stats on

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Speaker 1: what they're doing to the state of warfare? You know,

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Speaker 1: how many targets they are talking, Well, they've they've been

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Speaker 1: pretty pretty successful. I mean, that's why it's such a

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Speaker 1: growth industry. I mean, you have you know, it's one

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Speaker 1: of the the ua V s are one of the

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Speaker 1: more sought after areas in the U S military and

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Speaker 1: various other militaries around the world are are involved in

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Speaker 1: in other ua V projects, And there's a lot of

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Speaker 1: effort to get the ground based stuff rolling um literally

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Speaker 1: um at a at a much and a much great

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Speaker 1: greater pace too because this you know, it's lags significantly.

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Speaker 1: I mean you have you know, like you know, bomb

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Speaker 1: disposal bots and those have been really used well, but

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Speaker 1: you don't really see robotic like weaponized ground vehicles yet,

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Speaker 1: um none, not that, not any that are actually really

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Speaker 1: working there. You know a lot of them in you know,

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Speaker 1: test phases, etcetera. So just going back to the U.

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Speaker 1: A V. Specifically, I was reading a article about drones

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Speaker 1: in the Atlantic and one of the military men interviewed

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Speaker 1: was comparing drones as a strategy. That's a lot like

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Speaker 1: attacking a hype of bees with a single bee and

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Speaker 1: taking out one b at a time. Do you think

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Speaker 1: that's a Do you think that's an opt to analogy? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean it's a I mean the aim of it

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Speaker 1: is to be, you know, like a strategic kind of

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Speaker 1: warfare thing. You know, this one we call these a

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Speaker 1: decapitation strikes, you know, because here you're taking out supposedly

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Speaker 1: the head of something. You know, you're be at a

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Speaker 1: you know, a military leader, you know, taking a nap

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Speaker 1: on his rooftop or you know, or an arm some

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Speaker 1: sort of armament, et cetera, cash of weapons. Yeah. I

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Speaker 1: think that's the real take on is that we we

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Speaker 1: have to to keep our eyes on where this technology

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Speaker 1: is now and it's going. And that's that's what the

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Speaker 1: International Committee for Robotics arm of Control is really into.

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Speaker 1: Um not as much saying we shouldn't have robotic you know, soldiers,

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Speaker 1: or that we you know, we should just we should

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Speaker 1: use them all the time, but rather we should really

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Speaker 1: think about what we're doing as we proceed, and we

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Speaker 1: should proceed with a full knowledge of what the technology

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Speaker 1: is and what it isn't um because it's uh, you know,

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Speaker 1: and we've we've talked about this before. It's really easy

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Speaker 1: to to trick yourself um into into thinking robots are

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Speaker 1: doing things that they're not, like like attributing them with

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Speaker 1: with wisdom that they're not capable of our judgment, et cetera.

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Speaker 1: Um and just and like I say, keeping in mind

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Speaker 1: like how changing changing the way we wage war changes

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Speaker 1: the the changes how easy it is to partake in

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Speaker 1: it right right, So if you guys are curious about

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Speaker 1: Amanda aerial vehicles, we have some pretty good articles at

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Speaker 1: house to first dot com. Now yeah, yeah, we have

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Speaker 1: a really good one on on the Predator and a

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Speaker 1: really good one on the Reaper h and a number

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Speaker 1: of artic was about like the like future war and

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Speaker 1: robot soldiers. So you can just dropping in that stuff

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Speaker 1: into the search bar and you'll get a load of

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Speaker 1: cool stuff. And we've covered those this kind of thing

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Speaker 1: on the blogs a lot too cool. What you got

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Speaker 1: in front of you? Oh, I have some listener mail here, Oscar,

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Speaker 1: do you remember, Oscar. He wrote us a rather exhaustive

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Speaker 1: um passionate. I mean, I loved it. I've read the

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Speaker 1: whole thing. Um. He admitted that. He even admitted though

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Speaker 1: that he was a bit long winded in it, but

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Speaker 1: I'm just gonna read a part of it. And he said, quote,

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Speaker 1: let's start by saying, I found your podcast interesting, although

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Speaker 1: in a different way from the other podcast. And which

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Speaker 1: podcast was he talking about stuff in the science which

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Speaker 1: podcast episode? Oh? Um? Well he was talking about too.

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Speaker 1: He was talking about our robots a lot, and the

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Speaker 1: one we did about aliens destroys. Yeah. And he says,

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Speaker 1: while stuff you should know, tech stuff and stuff you

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Speaker 1: missed in history class deal mostly with facts, you guys

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Speaker 1: tend to deal with abstract issues where personal opinions it

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00:22:02,600 --> 00:22:05,720
Speaker 1: counts a lot, and that always brings up great conversations.

426
00:22:05,760 --> 00:22:08,639
Speaker 1: So thank you for that, um, which you know. And

427
00:22:08,680 --> 00:22:11,119
Speaker 1: then he went on to discuss his own thoughts about

428
00:22:11,520 --> 00:22:15,040
Speaker 1: the nature of humanity, um and how that plays into

429
00:22:15,160 --> 00:22:20,720
Speaker 1: our expectations of alien life and uh and and also robotics. Um.

430
00:22:20,800 --> 00:22:23,000
Speaker 1: So it was a really cool email, thanks, Oscar. Yeah,

431
00:22:23,040 --> 00:22:25,439
Speaker 1: thanks for sharing your thoughts, Oscar. It's really great to

432
00:22:25,480 --> 00:22:28,000
Speaker 1: hear from listeners. We we read every single one and

433
00:22:28,200 --> 00:22:31,159
Speaker 1: we appreciate it more than you guys know. And then

434
00:22:31,200 --> 00:22:32,800
Speaker 1: I got a really cool one from this guy named

435
00:22:32,840 --> 00:22:35,720
Speaker 1: Mark and uh and and this is awesome too because

436
00:22:35,760 --> 00:22:39,359
Speaker 1: he's he's a former sailor, so excellent. So I always

437
00:22:39,600 --> 00:22:42,800
Speaker 1: love to hear navy stories. Um, he says, I just

438
00:22:42,840 --> 00:22:45,520
Speaker 1: started listening to your podcast and his skyrocketed one of

439
00:22:45,560 --> 00:22:48,199
Speaker 1: my faves. I had listened to your podcast about the

440
00:22:48,280 --> 00:22:50,639
Speaker 1: virtues of venom, and it reminded me. When I was

441
00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:54,280
Speaker 1: in the Navy, I had a drink in Japan called habusaki.

442
00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:57,600
Speaker 1: We were officially warned about the drink from my chief.

443
00:22:57,920 --> 00:23:01,520
Speaker 1: Haboo is a Japanese cobra which is added to saki,

444
00:23:01,600 --> 00:23:04,440
Speaker 1: which is rice wine. The bottles had the whole snake

445
00:23:04,480 --> 00:23:06,720
Speaker 1: coiled at the bottom of the bottle. It was explained

446
00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:08,840
Speaker 1: to us that the venom shuts off the liver and

447
00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:12,879
Speaker 1: all the alcohol is sent into the bloodstream. Nothing is filtered.

448
00:23:12,960 --> 00:23:15,199
Speaker 1: Help I of course had to try it. As a

449
00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:18,120
Speaker 1: season sailor, I developed a very high tolerance for alcohol,

450
00:23:18,359 --> 00:23:20,800
Speaker 1: and after my first shot, I hadn't felt anything. I

451
00:23:20,880 --> 00:23:25,240
Speaker 1: was extremely, extremely smooth. Now it was extremely smooth and sweet,

452
00:23:25,600 --> 00:23:28,520
Speaker 1: like a good saki usually is. After my second shot,

453
00:23:28,680 --> 00:23:30,560
Speaker 1: the room got very warm and I broke out into

454
00:23:30,560 --> 00:23:32,840
Speaker 1: a sweat. I stopped drinking after that and made it

455
00:23:32,880 --> 00:23:35,080
Speaker 1: back to the boat. Others did not have the same

456
00:23:35,119 --> 00:23:38,160
Speaker 1: discretion and had a much harder time finding their way

457
00:23:38,160 --> 00:23:40,920
Speaker 1: out from under the table. So he's referring, of course,

458
00:23:40,960 --> 00:23:44,240
Speaker 1: to some of our discussions in that podcast about alcohol

459
00:23:44,280 --> 00:23:48,040
Speaker 1: that has been infused with with typically snake venom, right

460
00:23:48,200 --> 00:23:51,000
Speaker 1: the Cheese of Venom podcast. And I'm really interested in that.

461
00:23:51,080 --> 00:23:54,000
Speaker 1: So I really enjoyed hearing people, you know, tell us

462
00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:58,119
Speaker 1: about their own experiences with crazy snake wines. So hapusaki

463
00:23:58,240 --> 00:24:00,199
Speaker 1: is not gonna be on your happy hour cat Deilist, No,

464
00:24:00,400 --> 00:24:02,320
Speaker 1: but it's I would love to have just a selection

465
00:24:02,359 --> 00:24:03,600
Speaker 1: of it, you know, like you know people have a

466
00:24:03,600 --> 00:24:05,320
Speaker 1: little mini bars, Like what if you had a mini bar,

467
00:24:05,480 --> 00:24:07,560
Speaker 1: it would be most impressive, ye had it only had

468
00:24:07,600 --> 00:24:11,880
Speaker 1: like venom liquor, you know. Um and then he uh.

469
00:24:12,359 --> 00:24:17,000
Speaker 1: Also he also added that he says, my uh, my

470
00:24:17,040 --> 00:24:18,560
Speaker 1: senior year of high school, I was part of the

471
00:24:18,640 --> 00:24:22,080
Speaker 1: robotics team and we competed in the in the first competition.

472
00:24:22,119 --> 00:24:24,240
Speaker 1: This is the first robotics competition that we also did

473
00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:27,840
Speaker 1: a big road trip podcast about I didn't actually build

474
00:24:27,840 --> 00:24:30,520
Speaker 1: a robot. Part of the competition when I participated was

475
00:24:30,560 --> 00:24:33,840
Speaker 1: a three D animation short about the robots movement capabilities.

476
00:24:33,880 --> 00:24:35,159
Speaker 1: I work with two of the guys to make an

477
00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:37,600
Speaker 1: animation of our robot loading a cannon with a big

478
00:24:37,680 --> 00:24:40,719
Speaker 1: rubber ball and shooting a flying car out of the sky. Awesome.

479
00:24:40,920 --> 00:24:43,240
Speaker 1: The flying car and cannon had nothing to do with anything,

480
00:24:43,280 --> 00:24:45,639
Speaker 1: but we spent most of our time animating the explosion,

481
00:24:45,680 --> 00:24:47,879
Speaker 1: which always got a lot of cheering when it was

482
00:24:47,880 --> 00:24:50,280
Speaker 1: played at the competition. I also met my now current

483
00:24:50,280 --> 00:24:53,360
Speaker 1: wife and the robotics team, so this nerdy club did

484
00:24:53,359 --> 00:24:55,520
Speaker 1: wonders for my social life as well. Keep up the

485
00:24:55,560 --> 00:24:57,960
Speaker 1: good work. So that's great that he is a former

486
00:24:58,080 --> 00:25:03,040
Speaker 1: sailor who drank snake wine and and it's lovely white

487
00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:06,600
Speaker 1: man after our own heart. Yeah yeah, Well, like I said,

488
00:25:06,600 --> 00:25:08,399
Speaker 1: we do love hearing from you guys. So what do

489
00:25:08,400 --> 00:25:09,719
Speaker 1: you guys want to tell us about how you met

490
00:25:09,720 --> 00:25:12,320
Speaker 1: your spouse, how you build a robot, or what your

491
00:25:12,359 --> 00:25:15,639
Speaker 1: thoughts are on unmanned aerial vehicles. Send us a line

492
00:25:15,680 --> 00:25:18,120
Speaker 1: at Science Stuff at how Stuff Works Dot com and

493
00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:21,159
Speaker 1: be sure to check out the blogs. You can access

494
00:25:21,200 --> 00:25:23,679
Speaker 1: those from the home page, and also check out the

495
00:25:23,800 --> 00:25:27,280
Speaker 1: stuff from the Science Lab Twitter and Facebook. On Twitter

496
00:25:27,400 --> 00:25:31,600
Speaker 1: were Lab stuff and we've been updating that with you know,

497
00:25:31,720 --> 00:25:36,040
Speaker 1: info on our latest articles, latest podcast topics, latest blog entries,

498
00:25:36,080 --> 00:25:39,000
Speaker 1: and just what we're thinking. So would be sure to

499
00:25:39,000 --> 00:25:41,159
Speaker 1: stop on by and check it out. Thanks for listening.

500
00:25:49,080 --> 00:25:51,520
Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics. Is

501
00:25:51,520 --> 00:25:55,040
Speaker 1: it how stuff works dot com? Want more how stuff works,

502
00:25:55,320 --> 00:25:57,480
Speaker 1: check out our blogs on the house stuff works dot

503
00:25:57,520 --> 00:26:00,920
Speaker 1: com home page. S