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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know

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Speaker 1: from How Stuff Works dot Com? Stuff you Should Know

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Speaker 1: is brought to you by Visa. We all have things

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Speaker 1: we like to think about. Online fraud shouldn't be one

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Speaker 1: of them, because with every purchase, Visa prevents to texts

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Speaker 1: and resolves online fraud safe secure Visa. Hey, you welcome

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Speaker 1: to the podcast. Josh Clark here with Chuck Bryant, Paara

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Speaker 1: staff writers from how Stuff Works dot Com. How's it going, Chuck, Good, Josh,

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Speaker 1: just a pair of pair of writers. I see you're

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Speaker 1: still rocking your braves, Kathy, even after you said I'm

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Speaker 1: not so sure I'm watching anymore this season. Yeah, but

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Speaker 1: the hair's getting lost. Well, I just thought you were

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Speaker 1: going to say you're a true fan. I am a

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Speaker 1: true fan. So Chuck, you know the braves might not

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Speaker 1: be doing that. Well, it's almost like they've lost their

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Speaker 1: will to survive. That's really great set up, Thank you

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Speaker 1: very much, Chuck. You know that if they have lost

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Speaker 1: their collect the will to survive, that is flying in

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Speaker 1: the face of evolution. In the opinion of many supposedly

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Speaker 1: we are wired for survival. Yeah, I believe we are.

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Speaker 1: I think you should give the example of the Japanese

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Speaker 1: hiker Mitsu Taka Yuchi Koshi. I love that guy's name. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: he's great, He's a good guy. This is just a

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Speaker 1: couple of years ago, and uh, this guy was hiking

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Speaker 1: with his friends in western Japan went off. I think

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Speaker 1: he went to go down the mountain by himself for

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Speaker 1: some reason, and he tripped. As as good as I

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Speaker 1: can tell is he tripped, was not unconscious. The last

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Speaker 1: thing he says he did was fell asleep in a

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Speaker 1: grassy field. And you might say, to yourself, what's the

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Speaker 1: big deal. The big deal is he woke up twenty

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Speaker 1: four days later. Yeah, he was awakened by rescue workers.

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Speaker 1: Twenty four days later. He was unconscious supposedly the whole time.

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Speaker 1: The whole time. He when they found him, he was

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Speaker 1: a cool seventy one degrees fahrenh height, which is basically

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Speaker 1: the temperature of an average corpse that has not been refrigerated.

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Speaker 1: His his organs were almost completely shut down, almost no heartbeat.

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Speaker 1: And uh, he lived because they surmise that he almost

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Speaker 1: went to a state of hibernation like a barwood. So

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Speaker 1: then that we're not supposed to be able to do that. No,

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Speaker 1: we're definitely not supposed to be able to do that.

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Speaker 1: And I've tried that. I have to Actually I usually

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Speaker 1: do it every winner, but it's unsuccessful and successfully I

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Speaker 1: can rarely get my body temperature down. That low seventy

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Speaker 1: nine is the lowest I've ever gone, and that took

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Speaker 1: a lot of willpower. So, UM, yeah, you use this

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Speaker 1: guy as an example in your article are humans Wired

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Speaker 1: to survive? Uh? And I think it's a sterling example.

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Speaker 1: I I I we are um seemingly programmed to continue

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Speaker 1: to live, to protect our genes, to protect our offspring. Um.

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Speaker 1: And you get some great examples. This is one of

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Speaker 1: those wonderful articles where somebody in one of our editorial

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Speaker 1: brainstorm meetings came up with this idea. It was based

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Speaker 1: on zero research. Um. When I was doing supplemental research

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Speaker 1: for this podcast, I went on typed in humans wired

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Speaker 1: survived nothing? There's nothing out there, there's no study that

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Speaker 1: this was based on. It was Chuck using his own

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Speaker 1: brain and you know, drawing all of these conclusions from

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Speaker 1: existing UH data, And I thought it was beautiful try.

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Speaker 1: I appreciate that. You know. When I when I went

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Speaker 1: to do this research, I did the same thing you did,

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Speaker 1: and I really didn't find much and nothing. I decided

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Speaker 1: that really the only way to research if we're actually

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Speaker 1: wired naturally to survive is to see what human instincts

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Speaker 1: we naturally have that we don't think about. They're just

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Speaker 1: in us that helped keep us alive, and not just instincts.

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Speaker 1: You also mentioned biological processes like our old friend fight

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Speaker 1: or flight, Right, Chuck, I, I wrote an article on

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Speaker 1: the theory of everything when it was about this guy

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Speaker 1: who figured out these this lead group that's really mind

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Speaker 1: boggling math. Uh, that that was the answer to everything.

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Speaker 1: It was the underlying cause. I think based on our podcast,

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Speaker 1: the fight or flight response is the theory of everything.

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Speaker 1: We always come back to it. Yeah, it does come

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Speaker 1: up a lot. Yeah, So we'll we'll go over all

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Speaker 1: more time, real quick, shall we. Okay, So, basically, you're

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Speaker 1: confronted with danger, your brain releases or send signals for

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Speaker 1: your body to release hormones like adrenaline, which act on

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Speaker 1: your cells, and basically, uh, energy is taken from digestion

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Speaker 1: and put towards enlarging your pupils, increasing your respiration, your

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Speaker 1: heart rate, basically getting you ready to either you know,

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Speaker 1: pound somebody or run away from a pounding. And the

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Speaker 1: fact that this happens involuntarily, that we don't have to

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Speaker 1: think about it, that you can't really control it, even

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Speaker 1: if you do try to think about it, because people

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Speaker 1: try to and you can't. Right. It's it's that that

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Speaker 1: in and of itself is kind of evidence for for survival,

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Speaker 1: based at the very least on Darwin's theory of evolution,

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Speaker 1: which which is very much about well almost all about

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Speaker 1: natural selection, right right, and uh, you know, I mean

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Speaker 1: it all sin is really a pretty basic concept, and

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Speaker 1: I can illustrate it to you guys like you did

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Speaker 1: my article. Let's say you have red worms and brown worms,

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Speaker 1: and over time um birds decide they really like to

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Speaker 1: eat these red worms, so they keep eating red worms,

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Speaker 1: and then they just start reproducing less and less. The

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Speaker 1: brown worms are not getting eaten, so they're reproducing more

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Speaker 1: and more, and over time the red worms dwindle until

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Speaker 1: eventually they could go away completely. So only the strong survive.

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Speaker 1: And that's kind of the basis of old Chucky Darwin's

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Speaker 1: whole thing exactly and fight or flight is almost physical

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Speaker 1: evidence of that. Yeah. So, so what are some other

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Speaker 1: examples that you gave. Well, there's one, Uh, actually, there's

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Speaker 1: so many um babies crying. One way, we're wired because

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Speaker 1: a lot of babies are actually most babies in the

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Speaker 1: animal kingdom are born um with a little bit of ability.

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Speaker 1: I mean, a newborn horse will stand up and be

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Speaker 1: running around within the hour. Sharks are born underwater and

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Speaker 1: they're pretty much on their own right from the moment

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Speaker 1: they're born. Human babies are really the only ones that

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Speaker 1: are born kind of defenseless. So a baby's cry, it's

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Speaker 1: just their natural instinct, uh, to keep alive, telling mom

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Speaker 1: and dad, hey, this is what I need or I

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Speaker 1: need something. And uh. It's further evidence in the fact

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Speaker 1: that they can change the volume and the pitch of

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Speaker 1: their cry depending on how urgent their needs are. So

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Speaker 1: that's hard wired, buddy. Yeah. Well, another example that you

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Speaker 1: gave was that we have been shown to be able

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Speaker 1: to visually recognize changes in our our environment more and

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Speaker 1: with living things more than inanimate objects. And I actually

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Speaker 1: I was looking into that, and h I found that

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Speaker 1: there was a two thousand five Arizona State study that

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Speaker 1: suggests that that very um instinct to pick up living things, uh,

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Speaker 1: may actually tie into modern prejudices. You want to hear

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Speaker 1: about that? Yeah, this is news to me. Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: it's it's kind of cool. UM. Although it's basically just

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Speaker 1: you know, I'm sure there's some neo Nazi group that's

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Speaker 1: picked it up to, you know, use it as evidence

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Speaker 1: that we shouldn't mix races or something stupid like that. UM.

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Speaker 1: But basically, what the Arizona State researchers postulated is that

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Speaker 1: we UM, since we're programmed to recognize changes in our environment,

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Speaker 1: and we used to live in these small tribes of

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Speaker 1: people that looked a lot alike. Um, anytime we saw

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Speaker 1: somebody who didn't look like the rest of us, we

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Speaker 1: usually perceive them as a threat. That makes sense. And

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Speaker 1: even though we don't live in tribes anymore, this you know,

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Speaker 1: relic of tribal living or hunting, hunting and gathering UM

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Speaker 1: still remains and explains modern prejudices. Why you know, people

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Speaker 1: are xenophobic and racist and all that and anything that's

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Speaker 1: not like you is exactly And I thought I thought

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Speaker 1: that was pretty interesting that it tied into that instinct

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Speaker 1: that survival instinct of visually recognizing organic changes in the

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Speaker 1: in the environment. Yeah, I've got another one if I

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Speaker 1: want to hear it, Chuck good. Uh, there was a

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Speaker 1: study that the BBC did for the television program called

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Speaker 1: Human Instinct that was really kind of cool that I watched, And, uh,

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Speaker 1: this isn't the most scientific study, as you've pointed out

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Speaker 1: to me in our in our downtime, but it isn't

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Speaker 1: pretty cool nonetheless. Um, you know, humans are born with

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Speaker 1: an immune system, and there's different genes that that indicate

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Speaker 1: what kind of immune system we have. You know, you

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Speaker 1: might be better at fighting off the common cold. I

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Speaker 1: might be better at fighting fighting off yellow fever. People

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Speaker 1: have these immune systems, and um, the theory is that

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Speaker 1: you want to pick out a partner for reproduction that

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Speaker 1: has a different immune system than your own, because you'll

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Speaker 1: have babies that are more robust against a wider range

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Speaker 1: of sickness and disease. And they've proven this by the

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Speaker 1: fact that or by the theory that people uh do

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Speaker 1: this through their nose actually smell rather than visually when

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Speaker 1: they're picking out a reproductive partner. And how did they

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Speaker 1: prove this? I love this this test? Yeah, they got

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Speaker 1: the the show's host, and they got these six women

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Speaker 1: at the University of Newcastle, six lookers to sleep in

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Speaker 1: the same T shirt to night straight. They put each

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Speaker 1: of their T shirts in a jar and uh, you know,

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Speaker 1: they had the blood work done before to see what

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Speaker 1: kind of immune system they all had. And then this

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Speaker 1: show's host sniffed all these shirts and put two aside

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Speaker 1: that he found the most pleasing to his nose, and

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Speaker 1: then to aside that he found the least pleasing, and

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Speaker 1: then the other two. I guess you could take it

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Speaker 1: or leave it. And interestingly enough, it supported the results

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Speaker 1: the findings. They the two that he liked the most

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Speaker 1: shared zero of the same jeans immune system jeanes as

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Speaker 1: he did, and the two that he did not like

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Speaker 1: shared the most five out of six or the same.

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Speaker 1: So this kind of indicates that we we smell around

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Speaker 1: for a good partner that will effectively leave us with

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Speaker 1: robust babies that will keep the human race going. You know,

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Speaker 1: the reason I find it unscientific is because you can't

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Speaker 1: go wrong with girls from the University Newcastle. Like you said,

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Speaker 1: they're all lookers, go fighting brown ales. Um. But this

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Speaker 1: whole concept of um of creating wanting innately to create

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Speaker 1: more robust offspring. That kind of jibes with um Richard

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Speaker 1: Dawkins theories. Have you heard of him? Not the family

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Speaker 1: feud host. Uh, that was Richard Dawson, Right, this is

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Speaker 1: Richard Dawkins UM, And they're often confused. They kind of

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Speaker 1: look alike a little bit. They used to party together

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Speaker 1: in the seventies. Richard Dawkins is a zoologist and just

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Speaker 1: based on his observations and some studies of that kind

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Speaker 1: of thing, he concluded that the human body and us

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Speaker 1: in general are just kind of these um mindless vehicles

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Speaker 1: for genes. That it's really um our genes that are

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Speaker 1: interested in survival, and we get our instincts from, you know,

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Speaker 1: our genes and our genetic makeup that kind of thing

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Speaker 1: which command ourselves, which in turn basically make us do

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Speaker 1: all the things that we do or carry out all

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Speaker 1: the process that we're supposed to carry out. Uh. And

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Speaker 1: and basically the the our entire point of existence is

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Speaker 1: to protect and pass along this genetic line as if

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Speaker 1: we were wired to survive. Yeah, yeah, it's thrilling. It's

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Speaker 1: proof enough for me, agreed, So uh, I think everybody

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Speaker 1: would be very well off to go read Chuck's article

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Speaker 1: are Humans Wired to Survive? On How Stuff Works? Dot Com?

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Speaker 1: Don't you agree to you? I hope so, and stick

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Speaker 1: around to find out how you can get six dollars

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Speaker 1: from Charles Bryant right after this stuff you should know

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Speaker 1: is brought to you by Visa. We all have things

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Speaker 1: to think about, like say, what's the best site to

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Speaker 1: buy a new leather jacket, or whether to buy the

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Speaker 1: three or six megapixel camera. But thankfully we don't need

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Speaker 1: to think about online fraud because for every purchase you make,

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Speaker 1: Visa keeps an eye out for fraud with real time

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Speaker 1: fraud monitoring and by making sure you're not liable for

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Speaker 1: any unauthorized purchases. How's that for peace of mind, safe,

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Speaker 1: secure Visa? Okay, so thanks for sticking around. I don't

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Speaker 1: blame you. I could use six hundred dollars, Chuck Wards,

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Speaker 1: is influx of cash coming from Josh? Is coming from

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Speaker 1: your own pocket? Dude? How so? Well, it's called the

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Speaker 1: economic stimulus check that everyone received not too long ago

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Speaker 1: from Husident Bush and uh. I had a hard time

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Speaker 1: getting worked up for that personally, because it's kind of

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Speaker 1: our money to begin with. Yeah, yeah, I chipped in

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Speaker 1: one two hundred and sixty millions of back six hundred dollars,

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Speaker 1: So thanks for giving us back our own money. Yeah, yeah, exactly.

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Speaker 1: It's a it's kind of a thing. But um, I

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Speaker 1: guess the real question is are you actually going to

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Speaker 1: hand this over to one of our listeners or me?

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Speaker 1: I'm not. But the real question is does that really

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Speaker 1: make a difference in our economy? I don't know, but

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Speaker 1: I know our colleague Jane McGrath actually wrote an article

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Speaker 1: called can tax rebates really prevent an economic downturn? I

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Speaker 1: would advise anyone interested in they answer that question to

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Speaker 1: go read it on how stuff works dot Com. Wouldn't too.

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna do it right now. Awesome moral, this and

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Speaker 1: thousands of other topics. Visit how stuff works dot com.

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Speaker 1: Let us know what you think. Send an email to

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Speaker 1: podcast at how stuff works dot com. Brought to you

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Speaker 1: you