1 00:00:05,720 --> 00:00:08,039 Speaker 1: Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind. My name 2 00:00:08,080 --> 00:00:10,559 Speaker 1: is Robert Lamb and I'm Joe McCormick, and we're out 3 00:00:10,600 --> 00:00:13,600 Speaker 1: for Thanksgiving break this week, but we've got some episodes 4 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:16,320 Speaker 1: for you from the vault. This one is called Crabs 5 00:00:16,320 --> 00:00:20,080 Speaker 1: Eat Everything Around Me Part two. It originally published November. 6 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:28,120 Speaker 1: Let's dig in. Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind 7 00:00:28,400 --> 00:00:37,960 Speaker 1: production of My Heart Radio. Hey, welcome to Stuff to 8 00:00:38,040 --> 00:00:41,120 Speaker 1: Blow your Mind. My name is Robert Lamb and my 9 00:00:41,200 --> 00:00:43,520 Speaker 1: name is Joe McCormick, and we're back with Part two 10 00:00:43,720 --> 00:00:46,400 Speaker 1: of the Feast of Crabs. If you haven't heard part one, 11 00:00:46,440 --> 00:00:48,520 Speaker 1: you should probably go back and listen to that one first. 12 00:00:49,200 --> 00:00:51,880 Speaker 1: But I'm ready to jump right in. Yeah, we're gonna 13 00:00:51,920 --> 00:00:57,240 Speaker 1: We're gonna continue with our exploration of various uh accounts 14 00:00:57,280 --> 00:01:01,920 Speaker 1: of crabs eating curious things, eating things in curious ways, 15 00:01:02,360 --> 00:01:04,880 Speaker 1: and so forth. This is kind of our they kind 16 00:01:04,920 --> 00:01:08,080 Speaker 1: of tradition during the holidays towards the end of the 17 00:01:08,240 --> 00:01:11,840 Speaker 1: year to dive into a crab related topic and see 18 00:01:11,880 --> 00:01:14,679 Speaker 1: what it has for us. Now, we haven't talked a 19 00:01:14,680 --> 00:01:19,000 Speaker 1: lot about mythology and folklore in in our crab journey 20 00:01:19,040 --> 00:01:22,120 Speaker 1: thus far, and you know, part of it is. When 21 00:01:22,160 --> 00:01:26,840 Speaker 1: you look around, crabs often don't have central roles in 22 00:01:27,160 --> 00:01:29,600 Speaker 1: um in myth cycles. I mean there I think there's 23 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:32,120 Speaker 1: some exceptions to the rule, but a lot of times 24 00:01:32,160 --> 00:01:36,160 Speaker 1: it's stuff like, uh, like Hercules is fighting the hydra 25 00:01:36,560 --> 00:01:39,360 Speaker 1: and then a crab shows up and tries to to 26 00:01:39,680 --> 00:01:41,960 Speaker 1: to nip at his heels and he dispatches it and 27 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:43,920 Speaker 1: goes back to fighting the hydra. That sort of thing. 28 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:47,160 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, that sounds it was. So that's the crab cancer, 29 00:01:47,280 --> 00:01:50,000 Speaker 1: right that became the constellation name from, or that has 30 00:01:50,080 --> 00:01:52,320 Speaker 1: the same name as the constellation. I mean, he still 31 00:01:52,360 --> 00:01:54,680 Speaker 1: gets a constellation out of the whole affair. But it's 32 00:01:54,720 --> 00:01:57,600 Speaker 1: you know, it's it's it can feel little bit disappointing 33 00:01:57,680 --> 00:02:02,040 Speaker 1: if you're really into crab uh anatomy and into crab 34 00:02:02,160 --> 00:02:04,840 Speaker 1: monster movies, UM, it can be a little a little 35 00:02:04,840 --> 00:02:06,920 Speaker 1: bit of a letdown, Like, come on, you can't Hercules 36 00:02:06,960 --> 00:02:08,840 Speaker 1: have more of a battle. Can't he just battle the crab? 37 00:02:08,960 --> 00:02:13,000 Speaker 1: That sounds fun to me? Oh wait, I just had 38 00:02:13,040 --> 00:02:14,440 Speaker 1: to look this up because I wasn't sure if I 39 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 1: was remembering it right. But yeah, he he gets the 40 00:02:16,560 --> 00:02:22,520 Speaker 1: constellation basically because Hara hates Heracles and the crab like 41 00:02:22,600 --> 00:02:26,120 Speaker 1: bites him on the foot, and then Heracles kills the 42 00:02:26,160 --> 00:02:28,640 Speaker 1: crab and Hera's like, well, good job biting him on 43 00:02:28,639 --> 00:02:33,000 Speaker 1: the foot. I'll put you in the sky forever. The 44 00:02:33,040 --> 00:02:36,799 Speaker 1: Greek gods. Well, I do have a fun one that 45 00:02:36,840 --> 00:02:38,960 Speaker 1: I found though, that I want to share with everybody. 46 00:02:38,960 --> 00:02:42,000 Speaker 1: This one I discovered in the book Japanese Mythology A 47 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:44,960 Speaker 1: to Z by Jeremy Roberts. I looked around to try 48 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:48,480 Speaker 1: and find some of the places as well and didn't offhand. Um, 49 00:02:48,520 --> 00:02:50,560 Speaker 1: I'm sure it can be found other places, but this 50 00:02:50,639 --> 00:02:52,520 Speaker 1: is the only place I was able to find find it. 51 00:02:52,680 --> 00:02:55,040 Speaker 1: I'm going to retell it for you here, but I'll 52 00:02:55,080 --> 00:02:58,840 Speaker 1: stress that Jeremy roberts telling of it is is going 53 00:02:58,919 --> 00:03:01,600 Speaker 1: to be more dramatic than mine, So definitely go to 54 00:03:01,639 --> 00:03:04,040 Speaker 1: that source if you want to see it for yourself. 55 00:03:04,520 --> 00:03:07,680 Speaker 1: So that's how it goes down. A young girl, uh 56 00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:10,520 Speaker 1: buys a crab from a fisherman in order to save 57 00:03:10,560 --> 00:03:12,840 Speaker 1: the crabs of life. She's doing, you know, the basic 58 00:03:12,880 --> 00:03:14,480 Speaker 1: thing that a lot of little kids will do, where 59 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:17,160 Speaker 1: they suddenly, you know, they'll feel sorry for a captive 60 00:03:17,200 --> 00:03:19,760 Speaker 1: animal or a food animal, and they want to to 61 00:03:20,160 --> 00:03:22,400 Speaker 1: save it, and so that's what this girl does. She 62 00:03:22,480 --> 00:03:27,520 Speaker 1: buys the crab, lets it go. Meanwhile, her father is 63 00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:30,680 Speaker 1: in a similar scenario. He's trying to save a frog 64 00:03:30,800 --> 00:03:33,800 Speaker 1: from a snake. I'm not sure why, but he's trying 65 00:03:33,800 --> 00:03:35,880 Speaker 1: to do this. He's like, no, snake, you do not 66 00:03:35,960 --> 00:03:38,080 Speaker 1: get to eat this frog. I'm not gonna let you 67 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:41,440 Speaker 1: do it, and the snake finally is like, okay, look, 68 00:03:41,840 --> 00:03:44,720 Speaker 1: I'll spare the frog's life, but you have to let 69 00:03:44,760 --> 00:03:50,400 Speaker 1: me marry your daughter, and dad agrees. So we don't 70 00:03:50,400 --> 00:03:53,680 Speaker 1: know anything about this frog. It's not special, like it 71 00:03:53,760 --> 00:03:56,560 Speaker 1: wasn't his brother who got turned into a frog or something. 72 00:03:57,640 --> 00:04:00,120 Speaker 1: There has to be more to this story. Um know, 73 00:04:00,880 --> 00:04:04,000 Speaker 1: I've been reading a lot about various yokai recently, and 74 00:04:04,120 --> 00:04:06,440 Speaker 1: you know, with with those Chinese ghost stories, there's often 75 00:04:06,480 --> 00:04:08,960 Speaker 1: some hidden meaning. You know, maybe it comes down to 76 00:04:09,080 --> 00:04:11,720 Speaker 1: a turn of phrase, you know, something that's not going 77 00:04:11,800 --> 00:04:15,040 Speaker 1: to be obvious in a pure English translation, or it's 78 00:04:15,080 --> 00:04:19,120 Speaker 1: something metaphorical, etcetera. So I don't know exactly what is 79 00:04:19,120 --> 00:04:21,159 Speaker 1: going on here, but I think it can't just be 80 00:04:21,240 --> 00:04:24,560 Speaker 1: the fact that Dad just loves frogs and loves frogs 81 00:04:24,600 --> 00:04:27,560 Speaker 1: more than he loves his daughter. Um, but at any rate, 82 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:31,200 Speaker 1: this is the scenario we find ourselves in. Okay, So 83 00:04:31,360 --> 00:04:35,440 Speaker 1: what happens? Well that night the snake arrives, but arrives 84 00:04:35,480 --> 00:04:39,080 Speaker 1: in human form and tries to claim his bride. And 85 00:04:39,120 --> 00:04:41,839 Speaker 1: so Dad at this point has not even warned his 86 00:04:41,920 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 1: daughter about what he agreed to. Uh. So he's he's 87 00:04:45,960 --> 00:04:48,040 Speaker 1: able to buy a little time. He's like, look, look, 88 00:04:48,680 --> 00:04:51,600 Speaker 1: just come back in a few days, and the snake agrees. 89 00:04:52,200 --> 00:04:54,480 Speaker 1: So Dad has a little opportunity here to talk with 90 00:04:54,520 --> 00:04:56,440 Speaker 1: his daughter. He tells her what has happened, and she 91 00:04:56,640 --> 00:04:59,840 Speaker 1: is rightfully horrified. She hides away in her room in 92 00:05:00,080 --> 00:05:03,680 Speaker 1: she praised to the gods for delivery from this uh, 93 00:05:03,680 --> 00:05:06,480 Speaker 1: this snaky fate, and the gods do not answer her 94 00:05:06,480 --> 00:05:11,760 Speaker 1: prayers because they're too busy putting crabs in the sky. Perhaps, yeah, 95 00:05:11,760 --> 00:05:14,160 Speaker 1: it doesn't see that the gods are are listening to her. 96 00:05:14,520 --> 00:05:18,400 Speaker 1: And meanwhile, you know the the The two days pass 97 00:05:18,800 --> 00:05:21,080 Speaker 1: and here comes the snake again. Only this time the 98 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:25,280 Speaker 1: snake has come in its serpentine form. It's an animal form. 99 00:05:25,320 --> 00:05:28,359 Speaker 1: It enters her room, and just when it seems that 100 00:05:28,440 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 1: she is completely abandoned to this fate, a thousand crabs 101 00:05:32,680 --> 00:05:35,760 Speaker 1: burst through the door and consume the snake, just you know, 102 00:05:35,839 --> 00:05:41,600 Speaker 1: completely deflesh it a thousand crabs. And so I guess 103 00:05:41,640 --> 00:05:43,920 Speaker 1: the idea is like this is that that she spared 104 00:05:43,960 --> 00:05:47,040 Speaker 1: the crab earlier and so she had she had a 105 00:05:47,040 --> 00:05:48,880 Speaker 1: friend in the crabs, And or you could also look 106 00:05:48,920 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: at it like the gods did actually reward her. They 107 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:54,800 Speaker 1: were listening, and they allowed all these crab saviors to 108 00:05:54,839 --> 00:05:58,680 Speaker 1: come and yeah and yeah, save her from this snake 109 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:02,440 Speaker 1: and she marries this warm of crabs. I don't know, maybe, 110 00:06:02,760 --> 00:06:05,599 Speaker 1: but but I love this because it's also like, oh man, 111 00:06:05,640 --> 00:06:07,440 Speaker 1: this is something you could have, like a swarm of 112 00:06:07,480 --> 00:06:11,240 Speaker 1: crabs tearing tearing an enemy apart like that should be 113 00:06:11,240 --> 00:06:14,080 Speaker 1: in a film somewhere somehow, this whole thing could be 114 00:06:14,120 --> 00:06:19,160 Speaker 1: adapted into some sort of like a weird horror tale. Yeah, 115 00:06:19,240 --> 00:06:23,280 Speaker 1: crabs are not usually the hero of a story. Yeah, 116 00:06:23,360 --> 00:06:25,560 Speaker 1: this this is maybe the only one I've really been 117 00:06:25,600 --> 00:06:28,359 Speaker 1: able to find so far. But hey, if you know 118 00:06:28,440 --> 00:06:31,440 Speaker 1: some good crab hero stories out there, right in because 119 00:06:31,480 --> 00:06:33,480 Speaker 1: we love to hear from you, because yeah, generally it 120 00:06:33,520 --> 00:06:35,400 Speaker 1: seems like crabs are going to be a minor character. 121 00:06:36,040 --> 00:06:38,840 Speaker 1: Uh you know, let's think of Disney's a Little Mermaid, right, 122 00:06:38,880 --> 00:06:41,719 Speaker 1: the crab is just there to be a friend to 123 00:06:41,880 --> 00:06:44,920 Speaker 1: arial the Mermaid. Uh. I guess maybe he comes through 124 00:06:45,520 --> 00:06:47,599 Speaker 1: a time or two. But he's he's not the focus, 125 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:50,320 Speaker 1: he's not the he's not the big central hero. But 126 00:06:50,360 --> 00:06:53,600 Speaker 1: you know, I think it's a kind of mechanically intuitive 127 00:06:53,720 --> 00:06:56,920 Speaker 1: pairing to have snakes and crabs together in a tale 128 00:06:56,960 --> 00:07:00,200 Speaker 1: like this. Yeah, it does seem like it's some thing 129 00:07:00,240 --> 00:07:03,599 Speaker 1: that storytellers around the world have come back to a 130 00:07:03,640 --> 00:07:08,000 Speaker 1: few times. Um. For instance, there's this crab snake duology 131 00:07:08,160 --> 00:07:12,240 Speaker 1: in the Aesop fable The Snake and the Crab. Also, 132 00:07:12,360 --> 00:07:16,760 Speaker 1: speaking of Disney movies, it factors into Disney's The Sword 133 00:07:16,840 --> 00:07:19,520 Speaker 1: in the Stone, which is a King Arthur movie that 134 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:22,160 Speaker 1: I imagine a number of you have seen and they're 135 00:07:22,160 --> 00:07:25,320 Speaker 1: familiar with. It's an otherwise in my opinion, it's it's 136 00:07:25,400 --> 00:07:27,240 Speaker 1: kind of a boring film. It doesn't have a lot 137 00:07:27,280 --> 00:07:32,440 Speaker 1: going on, except it has this fabulous wizard battle between 138 00:07:32,640 --> 00:07:35,880 Speaker 1: Merlin and this this evil witch who I think was 139 00:07:35,920 --> 00:07:39,520 Speaker 1: created for the Like. It's not Morgana or anything, it's 140 00:07:39,560 --> 00:07:42,080 Speaker 1: just it's just this witch that he battles Mab. I 141 00:07:42,080 --> 00:07:46,000 Speaker 1: think her name is Mimm Mim. Yeah, I think you 142 00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:49,240 Speaker 1: think you're right. So anyway, it's a battle between between 143 00:07:49,280 --> 00:07:53,200 Speaker 1: two magic users and the whole the rules of the 144 00:07:53,200 --> 00:07:55,400 Speaker 1: battle are that they have to fight each other. Uh, 145 00:07:55,440 --> 00:07:58,400 Speaker 1: No one can turn invisible. You can only transform into 146 00:07:58,440 --> 00:08:02,040 Speaker 1: real world animals, not into of fantasy animals. And we're 147 00:08:02,080 --> 00:08:04,880 Speaker 1: going to see who who winds up on top. So 148 00:08:05,080 --> 00:08:07,200 Speaker 1: it's a fabulous sequence where they jump in and out 149 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:10,080 Speaker 1: of various animal forms and there and you know, generally 150 00:08:10,120 --> 00:08:12,240 Speaker 1: trying to counter each other. And in this it actually 151 00:08:12,280 --> 00:08:15,600 Speaker 1: reminds me a lot of of of another of a 152 00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:20,480 Speaker 1: Japanese story about foxes that are engaging in a similar competition, 153 00:08:20,960 --> 00:08:24,120 Speaker 1: magical foxes who are transforming themselves into different forms, and 154 00:08:24,160 --> 00:08:26,920 Speaker 1: like one transforms into this and the other transforms into 155 00:08:26,960 --> 00:08:29,720 Speaker 1: something to sort of uh counter that, and it just 156 00:08:29,800 --> 00:08:33,520 Speaker 1: keeps going. And in this case, one of them transforms 157 00:08:33,960 --> 00:08:36,600 Speaker 1: into a snake and the other transforms into a crab 158 00:08:36,920 --> 00:08:39,760 Speaker 1: in order to of course clip that snake in half 159 00:08:39,760 --> 00:08:42,320 Speaker 1: if it can. Yeah, this comes back to that mechanically 160 00:08:42,360 --> 00:08:45,360 Speaker 1: intuitive pairing I was talking about, where I think people 161 00:08:45,400 --> 00:08:47,959 Speaker 1: just have a natural tendency that goes like this. So 162 00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:50,839 Speaker 1: first step, you see a thing that is longer than 163 00:08:50,880 --> 00:08:53,960 Speaker 1: it is wide, and then the second step you automatically 164 00:08:54,000 --> 00:08:57,640 Speaker 1: think about cutting or snipping a cross wise. So snakes 165 00:08:57,640 --> 00:09:00,920 Speaker 1: are naturally long and crabs have by logical scissors on 166 00:09:00,960 --> 00:09:05,840 Speaker 1: their legs. Yes, um, I also yeah, them is great 167 00:09:05,880 --> 00:09:08,160 Speaker 1: in this. But also I have to say that Merlin 168 00:09:08,240 --> 00:09:10,880 Speaker 1: has a wonderful animated mustache as long as we're we're 169 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:14,600 Speaker 1: focusing on November mustaches here, and it makes sense right 170 00:09:14,600 --> 00:09:16,840 Speaker 1: because we think of the like the mouth parts of 171 00:09:16,840 --> 00:09:20,920 Speaker 1: a crab, it's easy to to imply some sort of 172 00:09:20,920 --> 00:09:23,280 Speaker 1: a mustache going on there as well. Oh yeah, it 173 00:09:23,320 --> 00:09:25,959 Speaker 1: fits right in there. Now I want to say something 174 00:09:26,080 --> 00:09:28,280 Speaker 1: else here. I thought that this is worth noting about 175 00:09:28,320 --> 00:09:31,400 Speaker 1: the crab, the crab form, and about how the crab 176 00:09:31,440 --> 00:09:34,400 Speaker 1: is just ultimately this winning design. In fact, it's such 177 00:09:34,440 --> 00:09:36,640 Speaker 1: a winning design that, according to a two thousand twenty 178 00:09:36,640 --> 00:09:40,400 Speaker 1: one Harvard University study, the crab like body plan evolved 179 00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:44,880 Speaker 1: at least five times independently in both true crabs and 180 00:09:44,920 --> 00:09:50,000 Speaker 1: false crabs. So that's at least five cases of carconization. Uh. 181 00:09:50,040 --> 00:09:54,360 Speaker 1: This is a term that was coined by evolutionary biologist l. A. 182 00:09:54,400 --> 00:09:58,080 Speaker 1: Bora Dale in nineteen sixteen. And on top of this, 183 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:00,720 Speaker 1: the Harvard study points out that the crab body has 184 00:10:00,720 --> 00:10:03,480 Speaker 1: been lost at least seven times, so this would be 185 00:10:03,520 --> 00:10:09,040 Speaker 1: a process that they referred to as d carcinization. So, um, 186 00:10:09,240 --> 00:10:11,400 Speaker 1: I love this idea. I mean this kind of falls 187 00:10:11,400 --> 00:10:14,440 Speaker 1: into I think a popular meme about everything becoming crabs, 188 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:17,960 Speaker 1: about how, given enough time, the crab form will be 189 00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:21,680 Speaker 1: the form of everything because it just works so exceedingly well. Now, 190 00:10:21,720 --> 00:10:24,440 Speaker 1: I do enjoy that meme. I guess technically, if we 191 00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:27,679 Speaker 1: want to be pedantic, it's about certain types of arthropods, 192 00:10:27,679 --> 00:10:30,959 Speaker 1: Like you've already got certain a certain body plan to 193 00:10:31,080 --> 00:10:34,360 Speaker 1: start with, and if you're starting there, things that are like, 194 00:10:34,559 --> 00:10:36,880 Speaker 1: you know, lobster ish or something in one way or 195 00:10:36,880 --> 00:10:39,880 Speaker 1: another often are shaped by their environment to become more 196 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:43,160 Speaker 1: crab like. But yeah, yeah, thumbs up to the meme. 197 00:10:44,800 --> 00:10:47,160 Speaker 1: So the first crab I thought we might talk about 198 00:10:47,160 --> 00:10:51,160 Speaker 1: here today, uh, sometimes referred to as the Yeti crab 199 00:10:51,320 --> 00:10:55,080 Speaker 1: or the hoff crab, it's its actual name is is 200 00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:58,360 Speaker 1: perhaps a better suited for this interesting creature. Now there 201 00:10:58,360 --> 00:11:01,240 Speaker 1: are a few different varieties, uh, but the one of 202 00:11:01,440 --> 00:11:03,800 Speaker 1: the first that was really discovered that really set the 203 00:11:03,840 --> 00:11:07,680 Speaker 1: trend is Kiwa Hersuta. Kiwa is the name of the 204 00:11:07,720 --> 00:11:11,640 Speaker 1: Maori sea god and then Hersuita is Latin for Harry. 205 00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:15,120 Speaker 1: So Kiwa Hersuta was discovered by a team from the 206 00:11:15,120 --> 00:11:18,160 Speaker 1: Monterey Bay Aquarium in two thousand six along the Pacific 207 00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:21,800 Speaker 1: Antarctic Ridge south of Easter Island. And it is a 208 00:11:22,400 --> 00:11:26,240 Speaker 1: is a wonderful looking creatures. This pale, hairy looking crab, 209 00:11:26,800 --> 00:11:29,040 Speaker 1: kind of elongated looking. I would say it looks a 210 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:31,520 Speaker 1: little bit like, you know, some sort of a lobster perhaps, 211 00:11:32,080 --> 00:11:36,000 Speaker 1: but it has no eyes and it lives on hydrothermal vents. 212 00:11:36,040 --> 00:11:38,719 Speaker 1: So this discovery gave us not only a new species, 213 00:11:38,880 --> 00:11:42,640 Speaker 1: but a new genus, that Kiwa genus. And there are 214 00:11:42,679 --> 00:11:46,600 Speaker 1: other Ciwa crabs that have popped up, including Kiwa ty 215 00:11:46,679 --> 00:11:50,040 Speaker 1: Larry found off the Southern found in the Southern Ocean 216 00:11:50,080 --> 00:11:53,480 Speaker 1: off of Antarctica. And this species is probably my favorite, 217 00:11:53,720 --> 00:11:56,480 Speaker 1: as in my opinion, it's a little more cute looking, 218 00:11:56,520 --> 00:11:59,640 Speaker 1: it's less elongated, and it's more it's more plump. It 219 00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:03,080 Speaker 1: looked um, I don't know, it just looks like like 220 00:12:03,080 --> 00:12:06,640 Speaker 1: like it it it belongs in a cartoon, you know, yes, 221 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:09,160 Speaker 1: And it's a great example of the kinds of things 222 00:12:09,160 --> 00:12:11,520 Speaker 1: we were just talking about, with these sort of converging 223 00:12:11,640 --> 00:12:15,400 Speaker 1: forms of different types of of marine arthropods. Because technically 224 00:12:15,400 --> 00:12:18,640 Speaker 1: the Kywa genus are not true crabs. I think they 225 00:12:18,640 --> 00:12:23,200 Speaker 1: are a type of lobster or lobster related organism. But 226 00:12:23,280 --> 00:12:26,960 Speaker 1: there it's they're super cool. I mean, they're also focusing 227 00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:31,080 Speaker 1: just on tylery. Here it has a tiny habitat, a 228 00:12:31,160 --> 00:12:35,480 Speaker 1: mere thermal envelope of a few square meters deep along 229 00:12:35,520 --> 00:12:38,880 Speaker 1: the East Scotia Ridge. Um it's here that they live 230 00:12:38,960 --> 00:12:42,559 Speaker 1: by these black smokers. These are vents, These a chimney 231 00:12:42,600 --> 00:12:45,840 Speaker 1: like vents that spew dark water that reaches temperatures of 232 00:12:46,160 --> 00:12:50,720 Speaker 1: roughly seven degrees farenheight or three degrees celsius. They live 233 00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:54,640 Speaker 1: in heaps here, sometimes like six thousand crabs per square meter, 234 00:12:55,320 --> 00:12:58,760 Speaker 1: and they're cramped in here because outside of this narrow 235 00:12:58,840 --> 00:13:02,360 Speaker 1: proximity to the black smokers, the ocean is extremely cold. 236 00:13:02,960 --> 00:13:06,839 Speaker 1: Uh so they're they're this fascinating example of extremophile life 237 00:13:06,880 --> 00:13:11,640 Speaker 1: suspended between boiling eruptions and chilling darkness. Like this is 238 00:13:11,720 --> 00:13:15,320 Speaker 1: the niche that they've carved out for themselves. It's also 239 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:20,080 Speaker 1: interesting to imagine how they would spread between one vent 240 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:22,680 Speaker 1: to another. You know that you almost have to imagine 241 00:13:22,720 --> 00:13:25,840 Speaker 1: their lifestyle is like a uh, you know, living on 242 00:13:25,880 --> 00:13:30,360 Speaker 1: these tiny islands in a way. Yeah, yeah, so yeah, 243 00:13:30,400 --> 00:13:33,600 Speaker 1: they're so they're on these little little islands and uh 244 00:13:33,840 --> 00:13:36,040 Speaker 1: and they're they're jocking position here. So you tend to 245 00:13:36,080 --> 00:13:38,800 Speaker 1: find like the older, bigger crabs are are are towards 246 00:13:38,840 --> 00:13:42,160 Speaker 1: the center, towards the heat, and the adolescents are having 247 00:13:42,200 --> 00:13:46,520 Speaker 1: to to scramble for position on the outside. Meanwhile, the 248 00:13:46,559 --> 00:13:50,120 Speaker 1: hot sulfur rich zone is is likely too much for 249 00:13:50,200 --> 00:13:53,640 Speaker 1: their eggs, so the females seem to have to crawl 250 00:13:53,800 --> 00:13:56,960 Speaker 1: off into the colder, darker waters to brood and they 251 00:13:57,040 --> 00:13:59,320 Speaker 1: likely die there. They likely just don't have the energy. 252 00:13:59,360 --> 00:14:01,120 Speaker 1: They spend all their energy going out to do that 253 00:14:01,160 --> 00:14:04,319 Speaker 1: and they can't make it back. But the females. Then 254 00:14:04,520 --> 00:14:08,520 Speaker 1: this releases a vast quantity of larvae into the water column, 255 00:14:08,679 --> 00:14:11,760 Speaker 1: and some of these end up finding distant vents, others 256 00:14:11,840 --> 00:14:15,600 Speaker 1: returning to their own vent um. So you have this 257 00:14:15,640 --> 00:14:18,400 Speaker 1: is how we end up with with with with the 258 00:14:18,679 --> 00:14:23,760 Speaker 1: larvae from from a particular hydrothermal vent location potentially ending 259 00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:26,840 Speaker 1: up at other vents. Yeah, like a lot of organisms 260 00:14:26,840 --> 00:14:29,560 Speaker 1: in the ocean. They've got this sort of broadcasting method 261 00:14:29,600 --> 00:14:33,360 Speaker 1: of reproduction that allows allows uh the organisms to spread 262 00:14:33,440 --> 00:14:36,200 Speaker 1: in their in their larval forms. Yeah, I was reading 263 00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:39,840 Speaker 1: a great article about this in on the BBC website 264 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:42,400 Speaker 1: by Jonathan Amos wrote about them in two thousand and 265 00:14:42,480 --> 00:14:44,880 Speaker 1: eighteen and points out the first of all, the last 266 00:14:44,920 --> 00:14:48,000 Speaker 1: common ancestor of all these various Yeti crabs probably live 267 00:14:48,080 --> 00:14:50,800 Speaker 1: thirty to forty million years ago in the eastern Pacific. 268 00:14:51,360 --> 00:14:53,200 Speaker 1: And so what we have here are these different far 269 00:14:53,320 --> 00:14:58,080 Speaker 1: flung ancestors due to the successful colonization of hydrothermal vents 270 00:14:58,280 --> 00:15:01,920 Speaker 1: by dispersed larvae UM and so the other. Then the 271 00:15:01,920 --> 00:15:04,120 Speaker 1: crazy thing about all this too is once they have 272 00:15:04,320 --> 00:15:07,800 Speaker 1: found a place to thrive, that doesn't mean that this 273 00:15:07,880 --> 00:15:11,640 Speaker 1: is a forever home UM. In Amos's words, these various 274 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,320 Speaker 1: events quote switch on and off through time. So event 275 00:15:15,760 --> 00:15:19,000 Speaker 1: that has this thriving population of of of Vietti crabs 276 00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:22,440 Speaker 1: around it may just suddenly turn off and then everything 277 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:25,600 Speaker 1: around it just dies in the cold um. And then 278 00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:28,280 Speaker 1: it may turn back on later uh, and then it's 279 00:15:28,280 --> 00:15:31,520 Speaker 1: a place that the larvae can can can can arrive 280 00:15:31,600 --> 00:15:34,800 Speaker 1: at and life can sort of begin again until such 281 00:15:34,840 --> 00:15:37,960 Speaker 1: time as it just turns off. Returning to the island analogy, 282 00:15:38,000 --> 00:15:40,040 Speaker 1: you have to imagine like a small island that has 283 00:15:40,040 --> 00:15:43,120 Speaker 1: a thriving ecosystem on it, and then suddenly it just 284 00:15:43,160 --> 00:15:45,880 Speaker 1: gets like a dome clamped over it that turns it 285 00:15:45,960 --> 00:15:49,720 Speaker 1: into a sub zero freezer. And then at some point 286 00:15:49,760 --> 00:15:52,520 Speaker 1: maybe the dome is suddenly lifted and it's exposed to 287 00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:56,920 Speaker 1: the sun again. Yeah, yeah, and so this is why 288 00:15:56,960 --> 00:15:59,960 Speaker 1: any given species of yetti crab has to ultimately maintain 289 00:16:00,080 --> 00:16:04,120 Speaker 1: multiple footholds at different events to survive. But it also 290 00:16:04,200 --> 00:16:06,920 Speaker 1: drives home the delicate how just how delicate these event 291 00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:11,560 Speaker 1: environments are, because um, if human activity wipes out, you know, potentially, 292 00:16:11,680 --> 00:16:13,400 Speaker 1: just like it seems like just one or two of 293 00:16:13,440 --> 00:16:16,640 Speaker 1: these vent habitats, they could potentially limit a given species 294 00:16:16,720 --> 00:16:22,040 Speaker 1: holdings to an unsustainable level. Um. I don't know that 295 00:16:22,080 --> 00:16:24,840 Speaker 1: researchers have really worked out. I mean we we I 296 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:27,160 Speaker 1: don't think we know enough about like you know, all 297 00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:30,080 Speaker 1: the different places that they live. But yeah, it's it. 298 00:16:30,200 --> 00:16:32,640 Speaker 1: Basically the idea is we we we don't know just 299 00:16:32,720 --> 00:16:36,360 Speaker 1: how delicate the situation is if they're depending on vents 300 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:38,960 Speaker 1: that may again turn off and back on again at 301 00:16:39,000 --> 00:16:41,280 Speaker 1: any given moment. They have to have a foothold in 302 00:16:41,320 --> 00:16:44,240 Speaker 1: a certain number, and if you start digging into that 303 00:16:44,360 --> 00:16:48,240 Speaker 1: number through deep sea mining or some other human venture, 304 00:16:48,560 --> 00:16:52,320 Speaker 1: then yeah, you potentially put them in in an unsustainable place. 305 00:16:52,680 --> 00:16:55,720 Speaker 1: Won't someone think of the dear crustaceans. I mean, they 306 00:16:55,760 --> 00:16:59,200 Speaker 1: are so cute. I mean it is uh probably easier 307 00:16:59,240 --> 00:17:01,840 Speaker 1: than than with a lot of arthropods in the ocean 308 00:17:01,840 --> 00:17:05,040 Speaker 1: to generate sympathy for them because they look kind of like, yeah, 309 00:17:05,080 --> 00:17:09,040 Speaker 1: these pale, fuzzy ticks. Uh, that doesn't really folks sympathy, 310 00:17:09,040 --> 00:17:11,159 Speaker 1: does it. But they yeah, they're they're like plump and 311 00:17:11,200 --> 00:17:14,720 Speaker 1: cute and I don't know, they're good well, also, Tylery, 312 00:17:14,880 --> 00:17:16,880 Speaker 1: especially if you look at a picture of them from 313 00:17:16,920 --> 00:17:19,520 Speaker 1: a from above, it also kind of looked with the 314 00:17:19,560 --> 00:17:23,399 Speaker 1: pale colorization, it looks like a human skull from above, 315 00:17:23,520 --> 00:17:27,199 Speaker 1: like there's a human skull with skull cover colored legs 316 00:17:27,200 --> 00:17:29,720 Speaker 1: and claws coming out of it, which again doesn't sound 317 00:17:29,800 --> 00:17:32,840 Speaker 1: very cute, I guess, but um, but but it makes 318 00:17:32,920 --> 00:17:35,240 Speaker 1: it makes it a very interesting creature to look at. Now, 319 00:17:35,240 --> 00:17:37,840 Speaker 1: I should again stressed that we have different varieties, and 320 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:41,880 Speaker 1: they have some different um different features. For instance, tay 321 00:17:41,960 --> 00:17:45,440 Speaker 1: leery have special spikes for scaling up those chimneys of 322 00:17:45,520 --> 00:17:49,119 Speaker 1: the black smokers. Meanwhile, there's a species found near Costa 323 00:17:49,200 --> 00:17:53,479 Speaker 1: Rica which is Kiwa pura vita, which doesn't have claws 324 00:17:53,520 --> 00:17:56,520 Speaker 1: at all. Um, So you have they have different varieties, 325 00:17:56,520 --> 00:17:58,679 Speaker 1: but what they seem to all have in common is 326 00:17:58,720 --> 00:18:02,000 Speaker 1: their namesake, hey, which isn't here at all, but set 327 00:18:02,760 --> 00:18:06,680 Speaker 1: which they used to collect bacteria growing around the hydrothermal 328 00:18:06,760 --> 00:18:10,040 Speaker 1: vents and also to grow it within these what if 329 00:18:10,040 --> 00:18:13,359 Speaker 1: it's sometimes referred to as gardens on their bodies, and 330 00:18:13,400 --> 00:18:15,800 Speaker 1: then they use their delicate mouthparts to scoop up and 331 00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:19,240 Speaker 1: consume the bacteria. So they are you know, they're they're 332 00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:22,080 Speaker 1: walking around growing their own food, collecting their own food, 333 00:18:22,119 --> 00:18:24,639 Speaker 1: and then growing it on their own bodies. It's pretty great. 334 00:18:28,920 --> 00:18:33,640 Speaker 1: Thank well. This actually connects directly to a couple more 335 00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:36,560 Speaker 1: examples I wanted to talk about. So the first one 336 00:18:36,720 --> 00:18:40,280 Speaker 1: is connected by the idea of these deep sea dwelling 337 00:18:40,640 --> 00:18:45,080 Speaker 1: UH crustaceans that can be found around hydrothermal vents. So 338 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:49,000 Speaker 1: I came across another report of interesting crab feeding behavior. 339 00:18:49,440 --> 00:18:52,040 Speaker 1: This this was from a short twenty six article and 340 00:18:52,119 --> 00:18:56,000 Speaker 1: New Scientists by Sam Wong, and the subject of this, uh, 341 00:18:56,080 --> 00:18:59,440 Speaker 1: this right up was video footage that had been captured 342 00:18:59,560 --> 00:19:03,720 Speaker 1: by a robotic deep submersible that was based off of 343 00:19:03,760 --> 00:19:07,520 Speaker 1: the Schmidt Ocean Institute's ship, the foul Core, and it 344 00:19:07,600 --> 00:19:10,800 Speaker 1: had been exploring life around deep hydrothermal vents in the 345 00:19:10,840 --> 00:19:14,760 Speaker 1: Pacific at a depth of thirty meters so way way down. 346 00:19:14,960 --> 00:19:17,480 Speaker 1: This was in the Marianna region. Well, well, I have 347 00:19:17,560 --> 00:19:19,480 Speaker 1: to slow down there. That it was called the foul Core. 348 00:19:19,560 --> 00:19:21,280 Speaker 1: So it was named for the wish dragon in the 349 00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:25,240 Speaker 1: Never Enning Story. I don't know, what's awesome? So well, yeah, 350 00:19:25,440 --> 00:19:27,639 Speaker 1: I don't know this foul Core in the Never Earning 351 00:19:27,640 --> 00:19:29,960 Speaker 1: Story named after something else? Or is that original to 352 00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:33,639 Speaker 1: the book? I don't know offhand, So I cannot answer 353 00:19:33,640 --> 00:19:36,359 Speaker 1: your question. But that is its name, all right? Or 354 00:19:36,480 --> 00:19:40,440 Speaker 1: are you gonna apply to set sail on the foul Core? Now? No, 355 00:19:40,600 --> 00:19:43,640 Speaker 1: probably not, but I but I applaud the naming. Uh 356 00:19:43,800 --> 00:19:47,119 Speaker 1: either way? Well, so, anyway, the submersible based off of 357 00:19:47,119 --> 00:19:52,879 Speaker 1: this ship was um capturing footage of crabs that were 358 00:19:52,680 --> 00:19:57,080 Speaker 1: that were around these hydrothermal hotspots, and this particular species 359 00:19:57,200 --> 00:20:01,720 Speaker 1: was known as austin O Graya william See. Apparently not 360 00:20:01,800 --> 00:20:04,560 Speaker 1: a whole lot is known about them, but they inhabit 361 00:20:04,600 --> 00:20:07,879 Speaker 1: these hotspots, and like many other deep sea creatures, they 362 00:20:07,880 --> 00:20:12,239 Speaker 1: tend to be pale and lacking eyes and so as 363 00:20:12,680 --> 00:20:16,280 Speaker 1: to the diet of these crabs, they have been observed 364 00:20:16,520 --> 00:20:21,240 Speaker 1: eating some regular things like snails and algae, but they 365 00:20:21,240 --> 00:20:25,719 Speaker 1: have also been observed engaging in brutal cannibalism. You can 366 00:20:25,760 --> 00:20:28,480 Speaker 1: find some video footage of this. Uh. It's it's of 367 00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:32,439 Speaker 1: a particularly frenzied quality. It's just sort of like a 368 00:20:32,520 --> 00:20:36,040 Speaker 1: big murder puddle of pale crabs ripping legs and claws 369 00:20:36,119 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: off and and running away with them. Uh and and 370 00:20:39,320 --> 00:20:41,879 Speaker 1: and of course, in addition to eating other things in 371 00:20:41,920 --> 00:20:46,480 Speaker 1: their environment, but on this expedition, footage was captured of 372 00:20:46,520 --> 00:20:50,080 Speaker 1: these crabs doing something a little gentler. They were appearing 373 00:20:50,160 --> 00:20:54,880 Speaker 1: to groom one another, eating bacteria off of the shells 374 00:20:55,040 --> 00:20:58,840 Speaker 1: of con specifics. So, for example, you can see one 375 00:20:58,920 --> 00:21:01,520 Speaker 1: crab going up to an the crabs leg and just 376 00:21:01,560 --> 00:21:04,320 Speaker 1: sort of picking at it, just picking it, not pulling 377 00:21:04,320 --> 00:21:06,080 Speaker 1: the leg off and running away with it, as they 378 00:21:06,160 --> 00:21:09,399 Speaker 1: might be wont to do in another situation, but just 379 00:21:09,440 --> 00:21:12,440 Speaker 1: sort of like grazing along the outside of the leg, 380 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:15,760 Speaker 1: getting some of this, uh, this bacterial matting off of 381 00:21:15,800 --> 00:21:20,439 Speaker 1: the surface of the of the exoskeleton. And this is 382 00:21:20,440 --> 00:21:23,840 Speaker 1: really interesting behavior. It makes me wonder, like, what does 383 00:21:23,880 --> 00:21:27,840 Speaker 1: this indicate about the the nature of the crab. Is 384 00:21:27,840 --> 00:21:31,000 Speaker 1: it possible this could have some kind of social role 385 00:21:31,080 --> 00:21:35,000 Speaker 1: within crab society, like the social grooming behaviors of primates. 386 00:21:35,680 --> 00:21:38,000 Speaker 1: I mean, on one hand, that seems kind of unlikely 387 00:21:38,080 --> 00:21:40,400 Speaker 1: because these are you know, these are crabs. They're not 388 00:21:40,520 --> 00:21:43,600 Speaker 1: they're not social mammals, um, you know. So it could 389 00:21:43,680 --> 00:21:47,160 Speaker 1: just be that bacteria is delicious and here's some right 390 00:21:47,160 --> 00:21:49,960 Speaker 1: now on on my on this neighbor's leg. But I 391 00:21:50,000 --> 00:21:52,080 Speaker 1: guess we don't know that this kind of thing. I'd 392 00:21:52,080 --> 00:21:55,480 Speaker 1: be interested to see more research about, like could there 393 00:21:55,480 --> 00:21:59,000 Speaker 1: be a role for some type of social grooming within 394 00:21:59,119 --> 00:22:03,520 Speaker 1: these within the deep see Arthur pod communities. Interesting interesting 395 00:22:04,119 --> 00:22:06,399 Speaker 1: Now I have in the background here, Joe, I had 396 00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:09,200 Speaker 1: to do some quick research, and first of all, I 397 00:22:09,240 --> 00:22:12,560 Speaker 1: can confirm that the RV Falcore is in fact named 398 00:22:12,600 --> 00:22:16,280 Speaker 1: after the wish dragon in the Never Ending Story. Um 399 00:22:16,320 --> 00:22:19,720 Speaker 1: it was. It was originally called the c Falc, but 400 00:22:19,760 --> 00:22:22,960 Speaker 1: then it was retro fitted um later um and I 401 00:22:23,040 --> 00:22:26,359 Speaker 1: believe two thousand nine or so, and then it was 402 00:22:26,440 --> 00:22:31,280 Speaker 1: renamed the foul Core. Now the name Falcore. Incidentally, Falcore 403 00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:35,439 Speaker 1: is the English uh name for the wish dragon in 404 00:22:35,480 --> 00:22:38,560 Speaker 1: the English translation of Michael Linda's The Never Ending Story. 405 00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:43,280 Speaker 1: In the German the name is fukor uh fu c 406 00:22:43,560 --> 00:22:48,200 Speaker 1: h you are derived from the Japanese term for lucky 407 00:22:48,280 --> 00:22:52,080 Speaker 1: dragon fukur you uh if I'm saying that correctly, And 408 00:22:52,119 --> 00:22:55,520 Speaker 1: apparently it was changed in the English translation because, um, 409 00:22:55,600 --> 00:22:59,479 Speaker 1: the name future sounds too much like an English language 410 00:22:59,520 --> 00:23:03,080 Speaker 1: swear word. Okay, well, I I feel very educated now, 411 00:23:03,320 --> 00:23:05,960 Speaker 1: Um the way, did they change the name of the 412 00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:09,000 Speaker 1: type of dragon in the movie because I remembered it 413 00:23:09,040 --> 00:23:11,919 Speaker 1: from the movie as being a luck dragon? Is it 414 00:23:11,960 --> 00:23:14,560 Speaker 1: a wish dragon in the book? I might have accidentally 415 00:23:14,600 --> 00:23:16,760 Speaker 1: said wish dragon just now, but he is he is 416 00:23:16,800 --> 00:23:20,159 Speaker 1: a luck dragon? Okay, wish dragon is a is a 417 00:23:20,320 --> 00:23:23,280 Speaker 1: is a different film that I've also watched recently. We 418 00:23:23,320 --> 00:23:27,399 Speaker 1: watched all the dragon films in Okay, we'll steady sailing 419 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:29,400 Speaker 1: to the Falcore. But let's get back to the world 420 00:23:29,400 --> 00:23:32,320 Speaker 1: of crabs. What else did crabs eat? Okay? Well, so 421 00:23:32,680 --> 00:23:36,639 Speaker 1: we talked about them growing bacteria on themselves and eating 422 00:23:36,680 --> 00:23:40,520 Speaker 1: it off of themselves, and then in some cases performing 423 00:23:40,560 --> 00:23:44,160 Speaker 1: grooming like behaviors where they graze bacteria off of each other. 424 00:23:44,640 --> 00:23:46,639 Speaker 1: But I want to move on to another parallel finding. 425 00:23:46,760 --> 00:23:50,679 Speaker 1: So Okay, if you are even the slightest bit crab curious, 426 00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:53,600 Speaker 1: you probably know a bit about the type of crabs 427 00:23:53,640 --> 00:23:57,840 Speaker 1: known as spider crabs. This involves many different species, all 428 00:23:57,840 --> 00:24:01,880 Speaker 1: belonging to the super family known as magoid data. They're 429 00:24:01,920 --> 00:24:04,760 Speaker 1: called spider crabs I think because their legs can get 430 00:24:04,880 --> 00:24:07,000 Speaker 1: very long and spind lee, so in some cases they 431 00:24:07,000 --> 00:24:10,840 Speaker 1: actually do look like spiders. One of these animals, maybe 432 00:24:10,920 --> 00:24:14,639 Speaker 1: the most remarkable spider crab, is the Japanese spider crab 433 00:24:14,760 --> 00:24:18,920 Speaker 1: or macro Kira camp Ferry, which is the largest extant 434 00:24:19,080 --> 00:24:22,240 Speaker 1: arthropod in the world. So this is an ocean dwelling 435 00:24:22,280 --> 00:24:26,320 Speaker 1: crab that still exists today. It's not some you know, devonian, 436 00:24:26,720 --> 00:24:30,200 Speaker 1: your riptoride, giant sea scorpion or something. You can find 437 00:24:30,600 --> 00:24:33,240 Speaker 1: these out in the ocean still, and the largest one 438 00:24:33,280 --> 00:24:36,639 Speaker 1: on record had a leg span of around three point 439 00:24:36,720 --> 00:24:39,680 Speaker 1: eight meters or more than twelve feet, and it weighed 440 00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:43,320 Speaker 1: something like forty something pounds, So these things are enormous. 441 00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:46,119 Speaker 1: They're mostly legs, so you know, they're not like a 442 00:24:46,160 --> 00:24:49,760 Speaker 1: solid mass that big, but if they spread their legs out, 443 00:24:49,840 --> 00:24:52,960 Speaker 1: it is it is bigger than human body. Yeah, you 444 00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:56,359 Speaker 1: can often find spider crabs at at aquariums and they 445 00:24:56,400 --> 00:24:58,200 Speaker 1: always need to look at. I mean, they don't do much. 446 00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:01,480 Speaker 1: They're they're they're they're not really action packed, but they're 447 00:25:01,560 --> 00:25:05,240 Speaker 1: very impressive specimens. But there's actually another interesting thing about 448 00:25:05,240 --> 00:25:10,080 Speaker 1: this superfamily, the Majoidea. About three quarters of the species 449 00:25:10,160 --> 00:25:13,240 Speaker 1: in this superfamily are examples of what is known as 450 00:25:13,480 --> 00:25:19,200 Speaker 1: decorator crabs. Decorator crabs are animals that live in symbiotic 451 00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:25,680 Speaker 1: relationships with many different kinds of sessile organisms by attaching 452 00:25:25,720 --> 00:25:30,080 Speaker 1: those organisms to their exoskeletons. Rob, I've got some images 453 00:25:30,119 --> 00:25:32,520 Speaker 1: for you to look at. Uh. There are many different 454 00:25:32,600 --> 00:25:35,359 Speaker 1: kinds that live in relationships with many different kinds of 455 00:25:35,480 --> 00:25:40,360 Speaker 1: other species, but generally, a decorator crab wears other plants 456 00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:44,040 Speaker 1: or animals as clothing on the outside of its shell 457 00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:48,199 Speaker 1: as a form of camouflage to blend into its surroundings, 458 00:25:48,520 --> 00:25:51,560 Speaker 1: and it does this by hooking these other organisms onto 459 00:25:51,640 --> 00:25:55,840 Speaker 1: little bristles on its exoskeleton called ct S E T 460 00:25:56,119 --> 00:25:59,600 Speaker 1: A E, which I've seen compared to velcro. So this 461 00:25:59,680 --> 00:26:03,120 Speaker 1: might be a sort of natural precedent for for velcrow technology. 462 00:26:03,880 --> 00:26:05,800 Speaker 1: There are lots of different kinds of other creatures that 463 00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:09,200 Speaker 1: get roped into this. Some particular species of decorator crabs, 464 00:26:09,800 --> 00:26:15,600 Speaker 1: uh prefer algae, some prefer sponges, some look for certain briozoans, 465 00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:19,159 Speaker 1: and some like anemonies that can sting. Oh yeah, I 466 00:26:19,200 --> 00:26:21,960 Speaker 1: think yeah. There's been some some interesting studies we've probably 467 00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:24,680 Speaker 1: talked about in the show before about these uh, these 468 00:26:24,760 --> 00:26:29,560 Speaker 1: anemone wielding crabs uh, and then what what? They usually 469 00:26:29,560 --> 00:26:31,720 Speaker 1: have one on each claw and then if one gets 470 00:26:31,720 --> 00:26:34,760 Speaker 1: taken away, they can care one in half to have 471 00:26:34,840 --> 00:26:38,399 Speaker 1: to again that sort of thing where these the boxer crabs, Yeah, 472 00:26:38,440 --> 00:26:41,359 Speaker 1: I think so. Well, yeah, so that example in particular 473 00:26:41,480 --> 00:26:44,240 Speaker 1: of anemon ees that can give you a hint that 474 00:26:44,400 --> 00:26:47,760 Speaker 1: sometimes these decorations on the outside of the shell do 475 00:26:47,960 --> 00:26:51,440 Speaker 1: more than simply camouflaged the animal as it hides among 476 00:26:51,520 --> 00:26:53,960 Speaker 1: the rocks and the other flora and fauna populating the 477 00:26:53,960 --> 00:26:58,159 Speaker 1: sea floor. Some of these decorator crabs select organisms that 478 00:26:58,240 --> 00:27:02,360 Speaker 1: play a specific defensive role. So I was looking at 479 00:27:02,440 --> 00:27:06,480 Speaker 1: a table of findings of this sword published in a 480 00:27:06,560 --> 00:27:10,800 Speaker 1: book called Animal Camouflage, Mechanisms and Function edited by Martin 481 00:27:10,880 --> 00:27:16,080 Speaker 1: Stevens and Semi Merlita. And this was from Cambridge University 482 00:27:16,080 --> 00:27:18,880 Speaker 1: Press in two thousand eleven, and it lists a bunch 483 00:27:18,880 --> 00:27:23,359 Speaker 1: of different examples of different types of majoid crabs, along 484 00:27:23,359 --> 00:27:27,120 Speaker 1: with research identifying their preferred decorations and possible reasons for 485 00:27:27,200 --> 00:27:30,280 Speaker 1: that preference. So, for example, there is a type of 486 00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:35,280 Speaker 1: crab known as the Innocus philangium or the leeches spider crab. 487 00:27:35,760 --> 00:27:38,840 Speaker 1: It appears to prefer a type of brown algae known 488 00:27:38,920 --> 00:27:42,760 Speaker 1: as dick yota dick atoma for the parts of its 489 00:27:42,760 --> 00:27:46,199 Speaker 1: body most exposed to predators. And it turns out that 490 00:27:46,280 --> 00:27:49,879 Speaker 1: this species of algae is not only good camouflage, it 491 00:27:50,000 --> 00:27:53,959 Speaker 1: is chemically noxious. So it hides that this crab hides 492 00:27:54,040 --> 00:27:57,840 Speaker 1: the vulnerable parts of its body behind something that predators 493 00:27:57,880 --> 00:28:02,199 Speaker 1: would probably find disgusting or even poisonous. Uh. Maybe, like 494 00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:04,120 Speaker 1: if you were trying to, you know, protect yourself from 495 00:28:04,119 --> 00:28:07,720 Speaker 1: tigers by covering your back in bottles of bleach, you know, 496 00:28:07,760 --> 00:28:10,000 Speaker 1: a tiger gets in there and starts biting it's it's 497 00:28:10,000 --> 00:28:12,480 Speaker 1: not gonna want any of that. Also along these lines, 498 00:28:12,520 --> 00:28:15,119 Speaker 1: there's an Atlantic spider crab called stin O c o 499 00:28:15,280 --> 00:28:18,800 Speaker 1: ops for cot Us that preferentially attaches a species of 500 00:28:18,840 --> 00:28:22,520 Speaker 1: stinging anemony to its carapace. And in both cases these 501 00:28:22,520 --> 00:28:26,840 Speaker 1: decorations would appear to provide additional defenses beyond just masking 502 00:28:26,840 --> 00:28:29,600 Speaker 1: the body in the environment. But the crab from this 503 00:28:29,680 --> 00:28:31,960 Speaker 1: list that I wanted to focus on has a different 504 00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:36,399 Speaker 1: relationship with its preferred decoration organism. It likes to eat 505 00:28:36,520 --> 00:28:40,880 Speaker 1: its own camouflage. So the animal in question is known 506 00:28:40,920 --> 00:28:45,520 Speaker 1: as noo Mithrax ursus, or the hairy seaweed crab, and 507 00:28:45,640 --> 00:28:48,719 Speaker 1: I think the Latin name of its of its species ursus, 508 00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:52,400 Speaker 1: implies that it's also known as the bear seaweed crab 509 00:28:52,600 --> 00:28:55,880 Speaker 1: or sign bear. And folks, I just want to say, 510 00:28:55,920 --> 00:28:59,480 Speaker 1: off the bat, this is a beautiful crab. In some 511 00:28:59,560 --> 00:29:03,080 Speaker 1: cases it looks like a cartoon animation of a crab 512 00:29:03,160 --> 00:29:07,880 Speaker 1: being electrocuted. It's got like animated electricity lines all around it. 513 00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:11,760 Speaker 1: Also sometimes it looks like a burst of fireworks from hell. 514 00:29:11,960 --> 00:29:15,040 Speaker 1: It is just a gorgeous Arthur pod and I can 515 00:29:15,040 --> 00:29:16,880 Speaker 1: definitely see where the name comes in because it it 516 00:29:16,960 --> 00:29:21,360 Speaker 1: is it looks like it's furry like the bear, you know, yeah, totally. Um. So, 517 00:29:21,480 --> 00:29:25,080 Speaker 1: it has some natural hairs that that stick out from 518 00:29:25,080 --> 00:29:28,680 Speaker 1: its exoskeleton. But it's also generally well actually not in 519 00:29:28,720 --> 00:29:32,080 Speaker 1: all environments, but in some environments it covers itself in 520 00:29:32,520 --> 00:29:36,000 Speaker 1: uh in in these decorations that give it this additionally 521 00:29:36,120 --> 00:29:39,720 Speaker 1: hairy look. So according to an entry, I was reading 522 00:29:39,720 --> 00:29:43,719 Speaker 1: about it from the Museum's Victoria database the Australian Um 523 00:29:43,800 --> 00:29:47,760 Speaker 1: Natural History Museums. Uh these are found in rocky shores 524 00:29:47,800 --> 00:29:52,040 Speaker 1: and reefs around New Zealand and Southeastern Australia, and I 525 00:29:52,080 --> 00:29:55,920 Speaker 1: was further reading about this this species in a in 526 00:29:55,920 --> 00:29:58,480 Speaker 1: a research paper published in the New Zealand Journal of 527 00:29:58,520 --> 00:30:01,520 Speaker 1: Marine and Freshwater Research ch in nineteen ninety four by 528 00:30:01,600 --> 00:30:06,800 Speaker 1: Chris Woods and Colin McClay called masking and Ingestion Preferences 529 00:30:06,840 --> 00:30:10,200 Speaker 1: of the spider crab no no mythrax Ursus. And what 530 00:30:10,360 --> 00:30:14,920 Speaker 1: the researchers here say is that in laboratory tests, specimens 531 00:30:14,960 --> 00:30:17,520 Speaker 1: of this crab not a mithrax Ursus, were found to 532 00:30:17,640 --> 00:30:21,000 Speaker 1: have preferences when it came to which organisms they would 533 00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:24,200 Speaker 1: mask with. So it wasn't just any algae, there are 534 00:30:24,240 --> 00:30:27,560 Speaker 1: certain kinds of algae they like to put on their shells, 535 00:30:27,680 --> 00:30:31,920 Speaker 1: and specifically it was types of branched algae like how 536 00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:37,680 Speaker 1: op terrorists specific era and coralina office analis. And I 537 00:30:37,680 --> 00:30:40,640 Speaker 1: actually just want to read in full a part from 538 00:30:40,680 --> 00:30:44,240 Speaker 1: the introductory section of this paper that describes the process 539 00:30:44,320 --> 00:30:47,120 Speaker 1: of attaching pieces of algae to the body, because I 540 00:30:47,120 --> 00:30:50,120 Speaker 1: found it really fascinating to picture this routine as the 541 00:30:50,120 --> 00:30:53,440 Speaker 1: crab does it. Uh, and so as a note to 542 00:30:53,440 --> 00:30:55,880 Speaker 1: help understand what I'm about to read here, the words 543 00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:59,480 Speaker 1: chilly and cheli peds refer to the clause. The cheli 544 00:30:59,600 --> 00:31:02,640 Speaker 1: are the claws and the chelipads are the claw legs. 545 00:31:03,640 --> 00:31:07,480 Speaker 1: Pad isn't foot so the author's write quote. The masking 546 00:31:07,560 --> 00:31:10,880 Speaker 1: behavior of in Ursus begins with the selection of a 547 00:31:10,920 --> 00:31:14,800 Speaker 1: clump of algae. The crab then selects a single piece 548 00:31:14,800 --> 00:31:18,440 Speaker 1: of alga, using the chili in a cella over cella 549 00:31:18,560 --> 00:31:22,040 Speaker 1: technique to correctly measure the piece of algae to the 550 00:31:22,080 --> 00:31:25,480 Speaker 1: required size. So they're measuring it out using their claws 551 00:31:25,600 --> 00:31:28,640 Speaker 1: as a as a as a ruler. Basically, this piece 552 00:31:28,640 --> 00:31:31,880 Speaker 1: of alga is then snipped off using the cheli and 553 00:31:31,960 --> 00:31:34,840 Speaker 1: transferred to the mouth parts, where the cut end is 554 00:31:35,080 --> 00:31:39,120 Speaker 1: roughened and trimmed of any projections, while the uncut end 555 00:31:39,440 --> 00:31:42,600 Speaker 1: is held by both chelipeds. Okay, so holding it in 556 00:31:42,640 --> 00:31:46,200 Speaker 1: the claws and then chewing on the snipped end, putting 557 00:31:46,200 --> 00:31:48,320 Speaker 1: it in the mouth parts to chew on it. Then 558 00:31:48,400 --> 00:31:51,000 Speaker 1: once you've chewed up the cut end, good uh quote, 559 00:31:51,280 --> 00:31:54,160 Speaker 1: one cheli pad is then used to transfer the piece 560 00:31:54,240 --> 00:31:57,320 Speaker 1: to a part of the body. Attachment is accomplished by 561 00:31:57,400 --> 00:32:00,360 Speaker 1: rubbing it against the hooked set so that the end 562 00:32:00,480 --> 00:32:04,080 Speaker 1: becomes entrapped by the city. If the algal piece does 563 00:32:04,120 --> 00:32:06,520 Speaker 1: not attach it first, it is transferred back to the 564 00:32:06,560 --> 00:32:09,280 Speaker 1: mouth parts to be manipulated, and then taken back to 565 00:32:09,320 --> 00:32:12,000 Speaker 1: the side of attachment and rubbed against the hook set 566 00:32:12,120 --> 00:32:15,160 Speaker 1: until it attaches. If the piece of alga fails to 567 00:32:15,200 --> 00:32:18,120 Speaker 1: attach after a number of attempts, it is discarded and 568 00:32:18,200 --> 00:32:20,640 Speaker 1: a new piece is selected. I don't know why, but 569 00:32:20,680 --> 00:32:23,040 Speaker 1: I found this kind of surprising. Something seemed kind of 570 00:32:23,200 --> 00:32:29,920 Speaker 1: complex and and crafty about this process. Yeah, I mean it. 571 00:32:29,920 --> 00:32:32,640 Speaker 1: It's it's a process that may seem, you know, out 572 00:32:32,640 --> 00:32:35,520 Speaker 1: of beyond the the abilities of what we might might 573 00:32:35,560 --> 00:32:37,719 Speaker 1: generally attribute to a crab. But then again, we think 574 00:32:37,760 --> 00:32:39,800 Speaker 1: about the way they eat, which we discussed in the 575 00:32:39,880 --> 00:32:43,560 Speaker 1: first episode, and it does sound like a natural extension 576 00:32:43,600 --> 00:32:45,480 Speaker 1: of that, Like, this is an animal that is very 577 00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:50,560 Speaker 1: that excels at taking things apart um uh you know 578 00:32:50,640 --> 00:32:52,920 Speaker 1: I usually so it can fit those things in its 579 00:32:52,960 --> 00:32:55,800 Speaker 1: mouth uh and can consume it. But this is kind 580 00:32:55,800 --> 00:33:01,200 Speaker 1: of a specialized version of the same thing, manipulating living things, um, 581 00:33:01,280 --> 00:33:04,040 Speaker 1: and then using the pieces of that thing that you 582 00:33:04,360 --> 00:33:07,520 Speaker 1: have manipulated. It ends up being this kind of kind 583 00:33:07,520 --> 00:33:11,920 Speaker 1: of like biomancy that the crab practices. Yeah, totally. I 584 00:33:12,280 --> 00:33:15,040 Speaker 1: just love that detail about it chewing the snipped end 585 00:33:15,080 --> 00:33:17,160 Speaker 1: of the alga in order to roughen it so that 586 00:33:17,200 --> 00:33:20,920 Speaker 1: it attaches to the velcrow on its back. Now, another 587 00:33:20,960 --> 00:33:23,520 Speaker 1: interesting fact this paper mentions is that there is a 588 00:33:23,600 --> 00:33:26,760 Speaker 1: lot of turnover in the crabs algae mask. Apparently not 589 00:33:26,920 --> 00:33:30,840 Speaker 1: to mithrax Ursus replaces a good ten to twenty of 590 00:33:30,840 --> 00:33:33,960 Speaker 1: its algae cover every twenty four hours, So that would mean, 591 00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:37,400 Speaker 1: you know, every roughly five to ten days, it's got 592 00:33:37,400 --> 00:33:41,560 Speaker 1: a new coat of algae on it. And apparently decorator 593 00:33:41,600 --> 00:33:45,280 Speaker 1: crabs that use algae in particular can be very strategic 594 00:33:45,400 --> 00:33:49,600 Speaker 1: about its benefits as camouflage. For example, previous research, so 595 00:33:49,720 --> 00:33:52,960 Speaker 1: not this study, but other studies they cite, had found 596 00:33:53,240 --> 00:33:56,080 Speaker 1: in some decorator species that when you put a crab 597 00:33:56,200 --> 00:33:58,920 Speaker 1: in a tank where it is surrounded by algae that 598 00:33:59,160 --> 00:34:02,840 Speaker 1: doesn't match the color of the algae on its current mask, 599 00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:06,959 Speaker 1: it will basically strip itself of the old algae and 600 00:34:07,080 --> 00:34:10,759 Speaker 1: redecorate itself with the new algae to match its environment. 601 00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:14,320 Speaker 1: And also research has shown that when given the option, 602 00:34:14,400 --> 00:34:17,800 Speaker 1: crabs will tend to stay hidden within masses of algae 603 00:34:18,120 --> 00:34:21,800 Speaker 1: that match the color of their existing mask. So these 604 00:34:21,840 --> 00:34:26,239 Speaker 1: crabs can distinguish between different types of masking materials and 605 00:34:26,280 --> 00:34:29,840 Speaker 1: they can make calls about masking and hiding behaviors to 606 00:34:29,960 --> 00:34:34,520 Speaker 1: maximize the camouflage effects. Wow, that's really it's really impressive. Yeah, 607 00:34:34,520 --> 00:34:37,400 Speaker 1: it's it. It goes beyond just this near sort of 608 00:34:37,440 --> 00:34:41,760 Speaker 1: automatic behavior that's taking place with anything that it happens 609 00:34:41,800 --> 00:34:44,440 Speaker 1: to come across. Right, So, yeah, it's not just sort 610 00:34:44,480 --> 00:34:46,440 Speaker 1: of like rubbing up against a bunch of algae and 611 00:34:46,440 --> 00:34:49,279 Speaker 1: getting it stuck on there. It's picking the algae that 612 00:34:49,360 --> 00:34:52,480 Speaker 1: will that will do the best job of camouflage. But 613 00:34:52,719 --> 00:34:55,920 Speaker 1: the researchers in this study found a different kind of 614 00:34:55,960 --> 00:35:00,600 Speaker 1: discrimination in the selection of the masking material when it 615 00:35:00,640 --> 00:35:04,000 Speaker 1: came to Noto Mithrax ursus. They found that the algae 616 00:35:04,040 --> 00:35:07,600 Speaker 1: species the crabs preferred to mask with where the same 617 00:35:07,719 --> 00:35:10,840 Speaker 1: ones they preferred to eat. So, if you make like 618 00:35:10,920 --> 00:35:14,120 Speaker 1: a ranked list of all of the algae that the 619 00:35:14,160 --> 00:35:16,560 Speaker 1: crab will go to first to eat, which ones does 620 00:35:16,560 --> 00:35:18,560 Speaker 1: it like to consume the most, that is going to 621 00:35:18,680 --> 00:35:21,240 Speaker 1: be the same as the list that it will choose 622 00:35:21,239 --> 00:35:24,960 Speaker 1: to put on its carapace and on its legs. So 623 00:35:25,600 --> 00:35:28,120 Speaker 1: in a way, here it looks like the camouflage is 624 00:35:28,280 --> 00:35:33,440 Speaker 1: doubling as food storage. This crab is hiding behind a 625 00:35:33,560 --> 00:35:37,000 Speaker 1: mask of its own lunch, so the algae on its 626 00:35:37,040 --> 00:35:39,759 Speaker 1: back will help it blend in with its environment, make 627 00:35:39,800 --> 00:35:42,200 Speaker 1: it look like a bunch of seaweed rather than a crab, 628 00:35:42,280 --> 00:35:46,080 Speaker 1: so predators are you know, are less likely to spot it. 629 00:35:46,560 --> 00:35:49,319 Speaker 1: But then also it can eat that seaweed. It can 630 00:35:49,360 --> 00:35:52,799 Speaker 1: eat that algae if it gets hungry. It's like if 631 00:35:52,800 --> 00:35:55,880 Speaker 1: we were to imagine a like an army sniper in 632 00:35:55,920 --> 00:35:58,960 Speaker 1: one of those gilly suits. But they insisted on only 633 00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:03,359 Speaker 1: camouflaging themselves with their favorite leafy greens, so that they 634 00:36:03,360 --> 00:36:06,719 Speaker 1: could snack on it whilst while stalking, you know, and 635 00:36:06,840 --> 00:36:10,520 Speaker 1: and waiting on their their target to appear. This gilly 636 00:36:10,560 --> 00:36:14,759 Speaker 1: suit is a super food kale only kale gilly suit. 637 00:36:14,880 --> 00:36:17,080 Speaker 1: I love it, though, I guess it does make me 638 00:36:17,120 --> 00:36:19,120 Speaker 1: wonder maybe there is an answer to this. I'm not sure, 639 00:36:19,120 --> 00:36:22,239 Speaker 1: but it makes me wonder which way the adaptation goes? Like, 640 00:36:22,280 --> 00:36:25,120 Speaker 1: how how did it end up matching the food preferences 641 00:36:25,120 --> 00:36:28,719 Speaker 1: and the masking preferences? Um? So, like, was it because 642 00:36:28,760 --> 00:36:31,680 Speaker 1: a certain type of algae was the best, you know, 643 00:36:31,719 --> 00:36:35,800 Speaker 1: provided the best camouflage cover, the animal evolved to prefer 644 00:36:36,000 --> 00:36:39,000 Speaker 1: eating that kind or was it the kind that's most 645 00:36:39,000 --> 00:36:44,000 Speaker 1: delicious and nutritious it evolves to prefer for masking. M Yeah, 646 00:36:44,040 --> 00:36:47,120 Speaker 1: that's a great question. Yeah, the crabs are silent on 647 00:36:47,160 --> 00:36:55,640 Speaker 1: the matter. Thank you, thank you. All Right, up next 648 00:36:55,680 --> 00:36:59,839 Speaker 1: we have this will be a shorter little section here, 649 00:37:00,040 --> 00:37:03,960 Speaker 1: but this is something you you you pinpointed and then 650 00:37:04,000 --> 00:37:06,640 Speaker 1: I followed up by looking at a source on it. 651 00:37:07,600 --> 00:37:10,920 Speaker 1: But this is the idea of crabs eating This is 652 00:37:11,120 --> 00:37:15,959 Speaker 1: so much crabs eating something remarkably different, but crabs doing 653 00:37:16,000 --> 00:37:18,359 Speaker 1: it in a way we didn't expect. And that's crabs 654 00:37:18,360 --> 00:37:22,280 Speaker 1: eating quote unquote eating through their gills. Yeah, this is interesting, 655 00:37:22,360 --> 00:37:25,399 Speaker 1: so circumventing the delicate mouth parts that you don't even 656 00:37:25,400 --> 00:37:28,399 Speaker 1: have to raise a jaw leg for this meal. Right. 657 00:37:29,080 --> 00:37:32,040 Speaker 1: So this concerns the invasive or at least invasive in 658 00:37:32,280 --> 00:37:35,879 Speaker 1: um uh North America, and I believe in Africa as well. Uh, 659 00:37:36,000 --> 00:37:39,719 Speaker 1: the the invasive green shore crab, which we've discussed on 660 00:37:39,760 --> 00:37:42,520 Speaker 1: the show before. I believe in their native European waters, 661 00:37:42,520 --> 00:37:45,200 Speaker 1: they are sometimes harvested for food, and there have been 662 00:37:45,239 --> 00:37:48,719 Speaker 1: efforts in North America, where it is certainly invasive, to 663 00:37:48,880 --> 00:37:51,759 Speaker 1: encourage its use in cooking. You know, what are some 664 00:37:51,800 --> 00:37:53,799 Speaker 1: culinary uses for this? And I think there have been 665 00:37:53,840 --> 00:37:57,080 Speaker 1: some some ideas of using it as like a uh 666 00:37:57,120 --> 00:38:00,480 Speaker 1: you know, like like a soup base and so forth. Um, 667 00:38:00,880 --> 00:38:04,280 Speaker 1: that's the same tactic you see with like invasive lion fish, 668 00:38:04,360 --> 00:38:06,400 Speaker 1: hinging on the fact that if you really want humans 669 00:38:06,480 --> 00:38:10,080 Speaker 1: to make a species disappear, make them desire that species 670 00:38:10,120 --> 00:38:12,640 Speaker 1: for some reason or another, such as making it an 671 00:38:12,719 --> 00:38:16,040 Speaker 1: ideal main course at a dinner. Sure. I think we've 672 00:38:16,040 --> 00:38:18,680 Speaker 1: actually covered the green shore crabs in a different capacity 673 00:38:18,680 --> 00:38:20,719 Speaker 1: on the show before. I don't remember what it was though, 674 00:38:22,280 --> 00:38:25,080 Speaker 1: So u has pointed out in a two thousand seventeen 675 00:38:25,080 --> 00:38:28,120 Speaker 1: study from the University of Alberta, the green crabs are 676 00:38:28,320 --> 00:38:32,520 Speaker 1: pretty snazzy consumers in their own right because they can 677 00:38:32,560 --> 00:38:37,400 Speaker 1: again quote unquote eat by absorbing nutrients, specifically the amino 678 00:38:37,560 --> 00:38:42,799 Speaker 1: acid um loose sign across their gills. And this was 679 00:38:42,880 --> 00:38:46,040 Speaker 1: the first demonstration of crustaceans being able to do this. 680 00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:49,200 Speaker 1: Now that the crabs are notoriously hearty, as you often 681 00:38:49,239 --> 00:38:53,080 Speaker 1: see with an invasive species um, so their bility disability 682 00:38:53,239 --> 00:38:57,200 Speaker 1: might enable them to survive long periods between meals. So 683 00:38:57,280 --> 00:38:59,440 Speaker 1: I don't have anything to eat, but I can absorb 684 00:38:59,560 --> 00:39:03,319 Speaker 1: some some necessary amino acids, or it might help them 685 00:39:03,400 --> 00:39:08,160 Speaker 1: cope with changes in salinity. So offsetting salinity changes via 686 00:39:08,360 --> 00:39:11,279 Speaker 1: the amino acids that they can absorb just straight through 687 00:39:11,320 --> 00:39:14,200 Speaker 1: their gills. Okay, so they would not be fully like 688 00:39:14,280 --> 00:39:17,240 Speaker 1: sucking in chunks of food through their gills and eating 689 00:39:17,280 --> 00:39:21,120 Speaker 1: like that. It's it's specifically getting these particular amino acids, 690 00:39:21,160 --> 00:39:24,879 Speaker 1: these particular nutrients out of the water around them as 691 00:39:24,960 --> 00:39:28,480 Speaker 1: they breathe. Yeah, so you know that's again why we 692 00:39:28,560 --> 00:39:30,759 Speaker 1: put eat in quotation marks here. I guess it's kind 693 00:39:30,800 --> 00:39:34,440 Speaker 1: of like our humans eating when we absorb vitamin D 694 00:39:34,760 --> 00:39:38,000 Speaker 1: via sunlight that sort of thing. Are we are we 695 00:39:38,040 --> 00:39:40,920 Speaker 1: eating when we get a you know, some sort of 696 00:39:40,920 --> 00:39:46,040 Speaker 1: a vitamin injection or something. Yes, okay, I've got something 697 00:39:46,040 --> 00:39:49,160 Speaker 1: I was wondering about. Rob You may have seen. Uh, 698 00:39:49,239 --> 00:39:53,880 Speaker 1: it's a very popular genre of internet video, uh, feeding 699 00:39:53,960 --> 00:39:57,040 Speaker 1: crabs human food. You know, I don't really think I've 700 00:39:57,040 --> 00:39:59,799 Speaker 1: seen any of these. What kind of foods are they 701 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,640 Speaker 1: eating them in these videos? Oh? Everything I've seen. I 702 00:40:02,640 --> 00:40:05,320 Speaker 1: think I've seen crabs eating pizza. I've seen crabs eating 703 00:40:05,400 --> 00:40:09,000 Speaker 1: you know, fruits and vegetables and chips and all the 704 00:40:09,239 --> 00:40:12,560 Speaker 1: giving crab derrito is probably I don't remember all the specifics, 705 00:40:12,560 --> 00:40:14,440 Speaker 1: but you know, I've seen a good bit of this 706 00:40:14,480 --> 00:40:18,400 Speaker 1: in my day. Clearly, it's funny to look at, you know, 707 00:40:18,840 --> 00:40:21,319 Speaker 1: it's crabs. It's kind of it thinks it's people sort 708 00:40:21,360 --> 00:40:24,160 Speaker 1: of thing, right, exactly. A crab eating a derrito is 709 00:40:24,200 --> 00:40:26,960 Speaker 1: inherently comedic. I don't know if it's good for the 710 00:40:27,000 --> 00:40:29,440 Speaker 1: crab though. Then again, lots of crabs are scavengers. You know, 711 00:40:29,520 --> 00:40:32,920 Speaker 1: they'll eat what they can get. Um, So, so I 712 00:40:32,960 --> 00:40:36,640 Speaker 1: guess I'm not too worried about the crabs. But but 713 00:40:36,640 --> 00:40:39,040 Speaker 1: but I just wondered, is there anything interesting to cover 714 00:40:39,200 --> 00:40:43,560 Speaker 1: about the phenomenon of crabs eating human food? All right, 715 00:40:43,640 --> 00:40:46,719 Speaker 1: so we cannot speak for all crabs. We will not 716 00:40:46,880 --> 00:40:52,000 Speaker 1: speak for all crabs. But one fun place, uh to 717 00:40:52,120 --> 00:40:54,400 Speaker 1: look for some answers that I thought would be to 718 00:40:54,440 --> 00:40:58,160 Speaker 1: look to the realm of hermit crabs as pets. Joe, 719 00:40:58,200 --> 00:40:59,760 Speaker 1: did you ever have a hermit crab as a pet? 720 00:41:00,120 --> 00:41:03,439 Speaker 1: I did not, did you. I've always wanted one, but um, 721 00:41:03,440 --> 00:41:07,840 Speaker 1: it's never been permitted. I'm always like that looks that 722 00:41:07,880 --> 00:41:10,400 Speaker 1: could be a great pet. And and and whoever is 723 00:41:10,400 --> 00:41:11,880 Speaker 1: in my life is always like, I don't know if 724 00:41:11,920 --> 00:41:14,960 Speaker 1: you need that, and they're they're probably correct. So you 725 00:41:14,960 --> 00:41:18,839 Speaker 1: mean your family now is preventing you from getting hermit crabs? Right? 726 00:41:18,880 --> 00:41:20,799 Speaker 1: I think it's the end. I think the argument is 727 00:41:21,520 --> 00:41:24,279 Speaker 1: a hermit crab is either too much pet or not 728 00:41:24,440 --> 00:41:28,279 Speaker 1: enough pet. So it's either a situation where like, uh, 729 00:41:28,480 --> 00:41:32,200 Speaker 1: you really, you know, ask yourself, do we have space 730 00:41:32,239 --> 00:41:34,319 Speaker 1: and time for this creature to live in our life 731 00:41:34,320 --> 00:41:37,680 Speaker 1: as well? Or it's a question of is there something 732 00:41:37,680 --> 00:41:40,239 Speaker 1: more exciting we could have, like a lizard, And that's like, 733 00:41:40,280 --> 00:41:41,719 Speaker 1: that's where we are now we have a we have 734 00:41:41,760 --> 00:41:44,359 Speaker 1: a leopard gecko. We skipped over hermit crab and went 735 00:41:44,400 --> 00:41:49,200 Speaker 1: straight to leopard gecko. This is a vertebrate household, so 736 00:41:49,400 --> 00:41:51,560 Speaker 1: to be clear, there are more than one thousand hermit 737 00:41:51,600 --> 00:41:54,279 Speaker 1: crab species, and you can roughly divide them all up 738 00:41:54,280 --> 00:41:57,880 Speaker 1: into marine hermit crabs and terrestrial hermit crabs. Uh. So 739 00:41:57,960 --> 00:42:00,000 Speaker 1: you're you know, you're your sea dwellers and then you're 740 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:03,560 Speaker 1: land dwellers. And there are a few different species that 741 00:42:03,600 --> 00:42:06,799 Speaker 1: are popular pets from either category, but the ones most 742 00:42:06,800 --> 00:42:10,000 Speaker 1: likely to encounter human food are of course those terrestrial crabs. 743 00:42:10,000 --> 00:42:12,320 Speaker 1: So I thought I might look at some terrestrial hermit 744 00:42:12,360 --> 00:42:16,719 Speaker 1: crab feeding guides for some ideas. Okay, so I went 745 00:42:16,760 --> 00:42:19,239 Speaker 1: to the spruce pets. This is I think it's from 746 00:42:19,280 --> 00:42:22,000 Speaker 1: the same people do like the sprucey heats uh. And 747 00:42:22,360 --> 00:42:25,280 Speaker 1: they point out that commercial hermit crab diets are probably 748 00:42:25,320 --> 00:42:27,160 Speaker 1: the best way to go if you're feeding a hermit crab, 749 00:42:27,200 --> 00:42:29,920 Speaker 1: because these are balanced and they contain everything that they 750 00:42:30,000 --> 00:42:33,400 Speaker 1: might need because in general, you know, matching up with 751 00:42:33,400 --> 00:42:35,880 Speaker 1: pretty much everything we've been talking about here, they're going 752 00:42:35,920 --> 00:42:40,319 Speaker 1: to have a very diet. Their opportunistic land roving omnivore. 753 00:42:40,400 --> 00:42:41,840 Speaker 1: So they're gonna eat a little bit of this, a 754 00:42:41,840 --> 00:42:43,640 Speaker 1: little bit of that in the natural world, and you 755 00:42:43,719 --> 00:42:46,799 Speaker 1: need a food source that reflects that they're on the 756 00:42:46,840 --> 00:42:50,440 Speaker 1: seafood diet. I seafood. I eats it pretty much. Yeah, 757 00:42:50,640 --> 00:42:52,920 Speaker 1: So they recommend I'm going to roll through a lot 758 00:42:52,920 --> 00:42:59,160 Speaker 1: of foods here. They recommend such fresh foods as mango, papaya, coconut, 759 00:42:59,239 --> 00:43:01,160 Speaker 1: fresh or dry it. And I have to add that 760 00:43:01,200 --> 00:43:04,480 Speaker 1: I can certainly back up the coconut suggestion because um, 761 00:43:04,520 --> 00:43:06,520 Speaker 1: I got to watch a whole bunch of hermit crabs 762 00:43:06,560 --> 00:43:10,239 Speaker 1: go absolutely crazy over a busted open coconut once and 763 00:43:10,280 --> 00:43:13,040 Speaker 1: it was it was amazing. It was a feeding frenzy 764 00:43:13,400 --> 00:43:15,880 Speaker 1: where you seeing the wild hermit crabs. I believe this 765 00:43:15,920 --> 00:43:19,360 Speaker 1: was in Belize, if memory serves. Oh okay, alright, But 766 00:43:19,400 --> 00:43:27,640 Speaker 1: in addition to this, apples, apple sauce, bananas, grapes, pineapple, strawberries, melons, carrots, spinach, watercress, 767 00:43:27,800 --> 00:43:30,960 Speaker 1: leafy green lettuces, but not iceberg lettuce because you know 768 00:43:31,000 --> 00:43:36,120 Speaker 1: the the nutrient issue there, uh, broccoli, grass leaves, strips 769 00:43:36,120 --> 00:43:41,960 Speaker 1: of deciduous tree bark, unsalted nuts, occasional peanut butter, raisins, 770 00:43:42,280 --> 00:43:49,600 Speaker 1: dried seaweed crackers, unsweetened cereals, plain rice cakes, plain popcorn 771 00:43:49,760 --> 00:43:55,680 Speaker 1: on occasion, freeze dried shrimp, freeze dried plankton, Brian shrimp, fish, 772 00:43:55,719 --> 00:44:00,440 Speaker 1: food flakes, and much more. Okay, so it looks to 773 00:44:00,480 --> 00:44:03,680 Speaker 1: me like this, Uh, this list of suggestions from this 774 00:44:03,719 --> 00:44:07,240 Speaker 1: website is suggesting a wide range of different kinds of foods, 775 00:44:07,320 --> 00:44:11,040 Speaker 1: but seems to be avoiding things that have added sugar 776 00:44:11,280 --> 00:44:14,040 Speaker 1: or salt. Yeah. They point out that the crabs may 777 00:44:14,080 --> 00:44:17,000 Speaker 1: seem very interested in salty and sweet snacks like chips 778 00:44:17,040 --> 00:44:20,040 Speaker 1: and sweet breakfast cereals, but these are to be avoided. 779 00:44:20,080 --> 00:44:22,600 Speaker 1: They say also stay away from dairy products, which makes 780 00:44:22,600 --> 00:44:24,479 Speaker 1: sense when would when would a crab get a dairy 781 00:44:24,480 --> 00:44:29,520 Speaker 1: product in the natural world? Um? And they say that 782 00:44:29,600 --> 00:44:31,920 Speaker 1: the hermes are generally gonna be game for fresh or 783 00:44:32,000 --> 00:44:35,280 Speaker 1: dried fruits of any kind, but some experts advise against 784 00:44:35,320 --> 00:44:38,480 Speaker 1: highly acidic or citrus foods, so like, maybe don't give 785 00:44:38,520 --> 00:44:41,799 Speaker 1: them a limon or a tomato. Also, starch veggies like 786 00:44:41,800 --> 00:44:45,120 Speaker 1: potatoes are to be avoided. Um as well as again 787 00:44:45,200 --> 00:44:49,359 Speaker 1: low nutrient iceberg lettuce. What I all this hating on 788 00:44:49,440 --> 00:44:52,560 Speaker 1: iceberg lettuce? I? Love iceberg lettuce. I'm gonna go out 789 00:44:52,600 --> 00:44:54,760 Speaker 1: on a limb right here. I'm gonna say iceberg lettuce 790 00:44:54,840 --> 00:44:58,400 Speaker 1: is awesome. I mean it, iceberg lettuce can be awesome. 791 00:44:58,400 --> 00:45:00,319 Speaker 1: But the question is what are you getting out of it? Well, 792 00:45:00,360 --> 00:45:02,560 Speaker 1: I don't know what you're getting out of it nutrient wise, 793 00:45:02,600 --> 00:45:07,040 Speaker 1: but it's delicious, crunchy, crunchy goodness. All right, fair, fair enough, 794 00:45:07,120 --> 00:45:10,560 Speaker 1: Just keep it away from the hermit crabs. Um. Now, Also, 795 00:45:10,640 --> 00:45:14,120 Speaker 1: hermit crabs require calcium, So remember that bone nawing we 796 00:45:14,160 --> 00:45:17,120 Speaker 1: mentioned from the last episode involving other crabs kind of 797 00:45:17,480 --> 00:45:21,080 Speaker 1: plays into into this scenario. Uh, calcium addition probably not 798 00:45:21,120 --> 00:45:23,359 Speaker 1: gonna come as a surprise too many pet owners out there. 799 00:45:23,360 --> 00:45:25,960 Speaker 1: I know with our leopard gecko, we have to we 800 00:45:26,000 --> 00:45:28,799 Speaker 1: have to shake its crickets up in a bag with 801 00:45:28,840 --> 00:45:32,000 Speaker 1: a calcium powder to ensure there's getting enough calcium, and 802 00:45:32,040 --> 00:45:34,080 Speaker 1: then also leave some calcium out for it in a 803 00:45:34,080 --> 00:45:37,839 Speaker 1: little tiny dish. Um. But with crabs you can end 804 00:45:37,880 --> 00:45:41,200 Speaker 1: up using reptile ready calcium supplements like this. But also 805 00:45:41,320 --> 00:45:43,800 Speaker 1: you might end up using something like crushed oyster shells 806 00:45:43,920 --> 00:45:46,799 Speaker 1: or cuttle bone as something that they can use to 807 00:45:46,800 --> 00:45:49,680 Speaker 1: get their their calcium. Oh yeah, okay, So tying it 808 00:45:49,680 --> 00:45:52,439 Speaker 1: back to the last episode, I was just remembering the 809 00:45:52,480 --> 00:45:54,880 Speaker 1: suggestion this was not proven, but it was. It was 810 00:45:55,000 --> 00:45:59,719 Speaker 1: hypothesized that maybe one reason duck built dinosaurs had been 811 00:45:59,760 --> 00:46:02,680 Speaker 1: eating a bunch of crustaceans that might have been crabs 812 00:46:02,800 --> 00:46:05,120 Speaker 1: or some of their you know, related crustaceans that have 813 00:46:05,239 --> 00:46:08,000 Speaker 1: these these hard shells, was that they were looking for 814 00:46:08,080 --> 00:46:12,040 Speaker 1: certain nutrients types of protein or specifically calcium as part 815 00:46:12,080 --> 00:46:16,799 Speaker 1: of their breeding and reproduction cycle. Yeah. Now one more, 816 00:46:17,120 --> 00:46:20,279 Speaker 1: one more note from this spruce article because it's just 817 00:46:20,360 --> 00:46:23,360 Speaker 1: it's so crab. I love it. They say, quote hermit 818 00:46:23,360 --> 00:46:25,800 Speaker 1: crabs are able to find their food in two ways, 819 00:46:26,280 --> 00:46:29,760 Speaker 1: by smelling the food and by seeing other hermit crabs 820 00:46:29,800 --> 00:46:36,759 Speaker 1: eating hermit crab dietary peer pressure. Yeah, so they might 821 00:46:36,800 --> 00:46:38,719 Speaker 1: be like I detect food over there, or it's like 822 00:46:38,800 --> 00:46:41,480 Speaker 1: that hermit crab is eating something I'm in, I'm gonna go, 823 00:46:41,719 --> 00:46:44,000 Speaker 1: I'm gonna go try and steal some of that. All 824 00:46:44,000 --> 00:46:46,560 Speaker 1: the hermit crabs, like Billy gets to eat iceberg, lettuce, 825 00:46:46,680 --> 00:46:50,799 Speaker 1: Billy gets to eat pizza. Yeah. But obviously, I, like 826 00:46:50,840 --> 00:46:52,160 Speaker 1: I said, I do not have a hermit of a 827 00:46:52,160 --> 00:46:54,080 Speaker 1: pet hermit crab. I've never had one. I've just gotten 828 00:46:54,080 --> 00:46:56,080 Speaker 1: to observe some in the wild and you know, look 829 00:46:56,120 --> 00:46:58,239 Speaker 1: at them in pet stores. So if there are any 830 00:46:58,320 --> 00:47:01,960 Speaker 1: hermit crab enthusiasts out air and you have particular thoughts 831 00:47:02,000 --> 00:47:04,000 Speaker 1: on this, if you can tell us, uh, you know 832 00:47:04,160 --> 00:47:07,960 Speaker 1: what foods your hermit crab prefers the most, which ones 833 00:47:08,040 --> 00:47:10,680 Speaker 1: you you like to give them? Definitely right in and 834 00:47:10,760 --> 00:47:12,759 Speaker 1: let us know. I'd I'd love to hear from that. Really, 835 00:47:12,760 --> 00:47:17,680 Speaker 1: anybody out there with with crab expertise or crabs pertise, Uh, 836 00:47:17,719 --> 00:47:20,279 Speaker 1: you know, right in, have you ever had part of 837 00:47:20,320 --> 00:47:23,560 Speaker 1: your body eaten by hermit crabs? What was that like? 838 00:47:25,239 --> 00:47:27,480 Speaker 1: Hermit crabs do? They just have a lot of character? 839 00:47:27,560 --> 00:47:30,840 Speaker 1: I love I love watching them. Yeah. Actually I recall 840 00:47:30,920 --> 00:47:34,840 Speaker 1: one Nature documentary segment. I honestly don't remember what it 841 00:47:34,880 --> 00:47:36,759 Speaker 1: was from, but I think it was something narrated by 842 00:47:36,880 --> 00:47:39,560 Speaker 1: by Attenborough. Um. But it was a segment that was 843 00:47:39,560 --> 00:47:44,560 Speaker 1: showing hermit crabs forming a chain of shell trading, so 844 00:47:44,640 --> 00:47:48,640 Speaker 1: like they were all trying to trade shells to get 845 00:47:48,680 --> 00:47:51,200 Speaker 1: a bigger shell, and they formed up in a line 846 00:47:51,320 --> 00:47:55,760 Speaker 1: essentially to each switch into the next one's shell. Yeah, 847 00:47:55,800 --> 00:48:00,440 Speaker 1: there have been essentially like biology economics article that have 848 00:48:00,560 --> 00:48:03,040 Speaker 1: looked at this, like how do they go about, um, 849 00:48:03,080 --> 00:48:06,239 Speaker 1: you know, trading up on their their shell size and 850 00:48:06,280 --> 00:48:08,600 Speaker 1: then you know, because if one leaves its shell for 851 00:48:08,640 --> 00:48:10,520 Speaker 1: a bigger shell, then that opens up a shell for 852 00:48:10,560 --> 00:48:14,399 Speaker 1: another growing hermit crab to take advantage of it. It's 853 00:48:14,440 --> 00:48:17,479 Speaker 1: it's really fun. So the adaptation there, I guess would 854 00:48:17,480 --> 00:48:21,160 Speaker 1: have to involve the hermit crab observing when a bigger 855 00:48:21,200 --> 00:48:25,320 Speaker 1: hermit crab is likely to be leaving its shell for 856 00:48:25,320 --> 00:48:27,319 Speaker 1: for a bigger one. So yeah, that would take some 857 00:48:27,400 --> 00:48:29,960 Speaker 1: kind of social observance kind of like what you're talking 858 00:48:29,960 --> 00:48:33,240 Speaker 1: about with the hermit crabs watching other hermit crabs eat. Yeah, 859 00:48:33,480 --> 00:48:37,320 Speaker 1: I mean I think also they're they're all about stealing 860 00:48:37,360 --> 00:48:41,279 Speaker 1: as well, So it's it's a it's a crab kind 861 00:48:41,280 --> 00:48:43,640 Speaker 1: of a crabby crab world. But who comes up with 862 00:48:43,680 --> 00:48:46,239 Speaker 1: these rules? You can steal somebody else's shell, but you 863 00:48:46,280 --> 00:48:49,840 Speaker 1: can't eat iceberg. Let us. Now, they will eat the iceberg. 864 00:48:50,040 --> 00:48:52,360 Speaker 1: It's not that they don't want it. I think I 865 00:48:52,360 --> 00:48:54,080 Speaker 1: think the idea is like they will eat it, but 866 00:48:54,120 --> 00:48:57,319 Speaker 1: it's just they deserve better. Okay, coming up soon, we're 867 00:48:57,320 --> 00:48:59,400 Speaker 1: gonna do a whole episode on iceberg let us. It 868 00:48:59,440 --> 00:49:01,719 Speaker 1: will be about how iceberg let us is the king 869 00:49:01,760 --> 00:49:05,680 Speaker 1: of foods. It's amazing. I know that what iceberg let 870 00:49:05,719 --> 00:49:08,480 Speaker 1: us must not occur in nature. Whoever created the strain 871 00:49:08,640 --> 00:49:14,759 Speaker 1: of vegetable is really deserves great credit. All right, well, 872 00:49:14,760 --> 00:49:16,440 Speaker 1: we're gonna go ahead and close it out there, but 873 00:49:16,520 --> 00:49:18,480 Speaker 1: yeah again, right in, we'd love to hear from you. 874 00:49:18,760 --> 00:49:21,680 Speaker 1: Let us know if there are other examples of curious 875 00:49:21,760 --> 00:49:25,239 Speaker 1: crab cuisines that that we were not familiar with. It 876 00:49:25,320 --> 00:49:28,040 Speaker 1: didn't have time to cover here. We will mention it 877 00:49:28,080 --> 00:49:32,880 Speaker 1: in an upcoming listener mail episode. Also, yes, hermit crab owners, 878 00:49:33,200 --> 00:49:36,000 Speaker 1: right in and tell us all about your babies. In 879 00:49:36,080 --> 00:49:38,920 Speaker 1: the meantime, if you would like to listen to other 880 00:49:38,960 --> 00:49:41,640 Speaker 1: episodes of Stuff to Blow your Mind, you can find 881 00:49:41,719 --> 00:49:44,240 Speaker 1: us in the Stuff to Blow your Mind podcast feed 882 00:49:44,360 --> 00:49:47,279 Speaker 1: that it gets found anywhere you get your podcasts. Just 883 00:49:47,440 --> 00:49:49,720 Speaker 1: you know, make sure you subscribe and you can get everything, 884 00:49:50,320 --> 00:49:53,400 Speaker 1: including our core episodes on Tuesdays and Thursdays, our listener 885 00:49:53,440 --> 00:49:57,360 Speaker 1: mail episodes on Mondays are artifact short form episodes on Wednesday, 886 00:49:57,400 --> 00:49:59,520 Speaker 1: and then on Friday you get Weird how Cinema that's 887 00:49:59,560 --> 00:50:02,880 Speaker 1: our time to just talk about a strange film of 888 00:50:02,960 --> 00:50:05,920 Speaker 1: one sort or another. Huge thanks, as always to our 889 00:50:05,960 --> 00:50:09,360 Speaker 1: excellent audio producer Seth Nicholas Johnson. If you would like 890 00:50:09,400 --> 00:50:11,239 Speaker 1: to get in touch with us with feedback on this 891 00:50:11,280 --> 00:50:13,680 Speaker 1: episode or any other, to suggest a topic for the future, 892 00:50:13,760 --> 00:50:15,719 Speaker 1: or just to say hello, you can email us at 893 00:50:15,880 --> 00:50:26,520 Speaker 1: contact at stuff to Blow your Mind dot com. Stuff 894 00:50:26,520 --> 00:50:28,720 Speaker 1: to Blow Your Mind is production of I Heart Radio. 895 00:50:29,080 --> 00:50:31,400 Speaker 1: For more podcasts for my heart Radio, visit the iHeart 896 00:50:31,480 --> 00:50:34,200 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listening to your 897 00:50:34,200 --> 00:50:43,560 Speaker 1: favorite shows.