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Speaker 1: Welcome to stuff Mom Never told you. From how Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm

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Speaker 1: Christen and I'm Caroline. And as we mentioned in a

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Speaker 1: listener mail segment a little while ago, we were thinking

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Speaker 1: about doing an update on the breast cancer jeans Brocco

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Speaker 1: one and two, because we did an episode a long

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Speaker 1: time ago, years ago now on gene patenting and these

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Speaker 1: breast cancer jeans which a company called Mary Genetics had patented,

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Speaker 1: and since there was the Supreme Court case about that

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Speaker 1: patenting and also the big news with Angelina Jolie's preventative mastectomy,

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Speaker 1: we thought this definitely needed some updates, right, Yeah, just

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Speaker 1: to kind of familiarize you. If you, you know, haven't

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Speaker 1: heard of it, maybe you didn't listen to the past episode,

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Speaker 1: tisc tisc, But yeah, like Christen said, it really entered

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Speaker 1: the news big time on May fourteenth, when Angelina Jolie

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Speaker 1: published her op ed in The New York Times explaining

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Speaker 1: her decision to have a preventive double in the stectomy

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Speaker 1: after finding out that she carried a faulty Brocco one gene,

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Speaker 1: which increased her risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer

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Speaker 1: by about eight, seven, and fifty respectively. Doing this. Having

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Speaker 1: this procedure effectively cut Jolie's cancer risk to five per cent.

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Speaker 1: And she had genuine reason to worry because her mother,

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Speaker 1: Marshall Line Bertrand, died at age fifty six of ovarian

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Speaker 1: cancer in two thousand seven, and on June eighth of

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Speaker 1: this year, her mother's sister, Debbie Martin, died of the

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Speaker 1: same disease. Now, Martin had found out that she also

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Speaker 1: carried the faulty Brocco one gene, but was not aware

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Speaker 1: of it until after her two thousand four cancer diagnosis.

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Speaker 1: And so it's been a really intense spring or these

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Speaker 1: cancer genes because right after the passing of Debbie Martin

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Speaker 1: on June thirteenth, the Supreme Court invalidated the myriad patents

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Speaker 1: on those BROCA genes. Yeah, so just to back up

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Speaker 1: a little bit, let's talk about what those genes actually are.

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Speaker 1: It's Brocco one and Broca two, and a lot of

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Speaker 1: this information, by the way, is coming from the National

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Speaker 1: Cancer Institute, and the b r c A stands for

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Speaker 1: Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene one and two. And everybody, male

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Speaker 1: and female, we all have two copies of each gene,

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Speaker 1: and we get one from mom and from dad. And

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Speaker 1: these are human genes that belong to a class known

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Speaker 1: as tumor suppressors. So when functioning normally, the protein that

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Speaker 1: these genes produce actually helps prevent cells from growing and

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Speaker 1: dividing too fast and developing those tumors. And so researchers

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Speaker 1: believe that a defective or a saying Brocco one or

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Speaker 1: two protein is unable to help prepare damage DNA or

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Speaker 1: fixed mutations that occur in other genes, and so those

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Speaker 1: mutations are linked to breast and ovarian cancer. Right, So

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Speaker 1: it's not that if you have it's not an issue

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Speaker 1: of having Bracco wan or Brocka two. We all have it.

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Speaker 1: It's an issue of having a faulty gene that's just

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Speaker 1: not doing its job. And so these Brocca mutations are

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Speaker 1: responsible for an estimated five to ten percent of all

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Speaker 1: breast cancers and ten to fifteen percent of all ovarian cancers,

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Speaker 1: and both men and women who inherit these mutated Brocca

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Speaker 1: one or two genes are greatly at risk of developing cancer.

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Speaker 1: For women, it increases the risk of breast cancer to

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Speaker 1: six compared to the population wide risk of twelve percent,

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Speaker 1: and so essentially it amplifies your breast cancers by five

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Speaker 1: and then um for women, it presents a fifteen to

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Speaker 1: forty percent risk of ovarian cancer compared to one point

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Speaker 1: four percent risk for the general population. And this is

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Speaker 1: important to note though, that the studies on the Broca

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Speaker 1: genes have been conducted on large families with cancer history,

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Speaker 1: so scientists do say that there could be some other

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Speaker 1: environmental and genetic factors at play. They are still figuring

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Speaker 1: out precisely what these genes do, but but those are

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Speaker 1: and I know we just tossed out a lot of

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Speaker 1: percentages and risk factors, but to sum it up as

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Speaker 1: simply as possible, not a lot of people have these

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Speaker 1: Brocco one in two mutations, but for that subset of

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Speaker 1: people like Angelina Jolie for instance, who do have them,

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Speaker 1: the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer is greatly increased. Right.

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Speaker 1: And the Brocco one gene was discovered by geneticist Mary

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Speaker 1: Claire King in Bracca two was discovered a year later.

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Speaker 1: She talked to Slate about her work in this field,

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Speaker 1: and she said that it really confirmed the idea of

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Speaker 1: genetic predisposition to cancer. My work showed that one could

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Speaker 1: use the tools of genetic analysis to prove the existence

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Speaker 1: of genes responsible for an inherited form of a major

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Speaker 1: common disease, and that you can parse out the inherited portion.

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Speaker 1: So Mary Claire King is really a trailblazer in this field. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: And she didn't have a lot of backing when she

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Speaker 1: was initially doing the work that led up to that

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Speaker 1: discovery of the braco in gene. She was essentially working

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Speaker 1: with a very small pool of funding from the National

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Speaker 1: Institutes of Health and that was it. She was almost

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Speaker 1: doing it as sidework because she was really committed to it.

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Speaker 1: So um so, yeah, it was it was huge. And

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Speaker 1: we'll get back into what those genes mean for women

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Speaker 1: who have them, um But to get into more of

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Speaker 1: the business side of these genes and that patenting case

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Speaker 1: that we mentioned at the top of the podcast that

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Speaker 1: was recently struck down by the Supreme Court. Shortly after

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Speaker 1: Mary Claire King discovered braccawan, this company called Marria Genetics

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Speaker 1: came along and patented the genes sequence and and jeans

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Speaker 1: have been patented before. Jeans especially linked to other kinds

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Speaker 1: of diseases. But this is what Mary Claire King said

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Speaker 1: to Slate. Myriad insisted that it was the only entity

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Speaker 1: that could perform the tests and was aggressive in shutting

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Speaker 1: down anyone else because of that patent that at pursued.

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Speaker 1: And this force other researchers who have to request Myriad's

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Speaker 1: permission before they could look at the genes. So you

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Speaker 1: can imagine how that would slow down or bottleneck the

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Speaker 1: flow of research into the development of breast and ovarian cancers. Right. Absolutely,

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Speaker 1: these patents gave the company rights to future mutations on

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Speaker 1: BRACA two and power to exclude others from providing genetic testing.

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Speaker 1: And so what does that do when only one provider

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Speaker 1: can give you a service? The price skyrocket. So the

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Speaker 1: company was charging upwards of three thousand dollars per test,

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Speaker 1: which is hefty. Well, speaking of that test, what exactly

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Speaker 1: is this is a test that Angelina Jolie got um.

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Speaker 1: This also involves something called genetic counseling that happens before that.

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Speaker 1: So when you go in for a BROCA gene test,

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Speaker 1: what's going to happen is that they're going to do

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Speaker 1: a DNA analysis to identify those harmful mutations that we've

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Speaker 1: talked about that leads to that increased risk for developing

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Speaker 1: breast row varian cancer. But first you're probably gonna go

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Speaker 1: through something called genetic counseling, which is a risk assessment

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Speaker 1: based on a person's personal and family medical history. And

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Speaker 1: it's going to include discussions about things like the appropriateness

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Speaker 1: of genetic testing, the types of tests that might be used,

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Speaker 1: the technical accuracy of the test, medical implications for a

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Speaker 1: positive or negative result, psychological risk, risk of passing on

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Speaker 1: mutations to children. Basically, it's going to give you a

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Speaker 1: rundown of what might happen and whether even gene testing

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Speaker 1: is the best course for you to take. You might

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Speaker 1: not even need to do it right. And it really

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Speaker 1: is not offered to or performed on women who have

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Speaker 1: an average risk of breast rovarian cancers. It's really focused

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Speaker 1: on people who are likely to have the inherited mutation

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Speaker 1: based on that personal or family history, or women who

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Speaker 1: have specific types of breast cancer. And an interesting thing

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Speaker 1: to note is how focused it is in a particular population.

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Speaker 1: Uh It's particularly present in members of the Jewish community

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Speaker 1: who can trace their roots back to Central or Eastern Europe,

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Speaker 1: known as Ashkenazi Jews. They were for centuries and isolated population,

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Speaker 1: and this is coming from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.

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Speaker 1: They said that one out of forty people of Ashkenazi

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Speaker 1: Jewish ancestry have a mutation in Brocco one or two,

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Speaker 1: compared to about one out of every eight hundred members

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Speaker 1: of the general population. So they are great candidates for

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Speaker 1: getting that genetic counseling to possibly get the DNA to

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Speaker 1: and outside of the Asha Nazi population, the types of

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Speaker 1: family history that a genetic counselor might look at would

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Speaker 1: be whether or not you have a first degree relative

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Speaker 1: like a mother or a sister who developed breast or

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Speaker 1: avarian cancer, or multiple second degree relatives like cousins and

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Speaker 1: aunts um and what happens if you have a positive

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Speaker 1: result from that gene test, well, it means that you

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Speaker 1: have that genetic mutation, and if it's on the Brocca

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Speaker 1: one gene, that means you have a sixty eight percent

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Speaker 1: lifetime risk of breast cancer and a thirty percent lifetime

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Speaker 1: risk of ovarian cancer, and a positive Brocca two result

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Speaker 1: means that you have a fifty to seventy percent lifetime

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Speaker 1: risk of breast cancer and attend to twenty percent lifetime

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Speaker 1: risk of ovarian cancer, but that doesn't necessarily mean that

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Speaker 1: you should go the Angelina Jolie route of having the

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Speaker 1: preventative double mastectomy. There are a range of options for

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Speaker 1: what you can do if you do have a positive

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Speaker 1: test result, and this was something that a lot of

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Speaker 1: doctors wanted to remind women when the Angelina Jolie op

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Speaker 1: ed came out in the New York Times and everybody

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Speaker 1: was talking about it, and obviously for women, especially with

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Speaker 1: a history of breast cancer, it got a lot of

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Speaker 1: them thinking whether or not they should go ahead and

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Speaker 1: get that double mastectomy just to lower their risks, and

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Speaker 1: and that's actually not necessary in a lot of cases.

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Speaker 1: That's pretty much the most invasive thing that you can do,

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Speaker 1: and for ovarian cancer, Julie actually decided against having her

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Speaker 1: ovaries removed, but that's another thing that can happen. But

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Speaker 1: on the less invasive side, options include surveillance, which is

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Speaker 1: just a regular cancer her screenings. Um you might have

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Speaker 1: prophylactic surgery like Jolie. Their their risk avoidance tactics, and

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Speaker 1: then there's chemo prevention, which you can also do, which

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Speaker 1: typically involves taking the drug to moxa fen which has

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Speaker 1: been linked to lowering the spread of breast cancer. Well,

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Speaker 1: Jolie definitely had quite an effect on this conversation. I mean,

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Speaker 1: we're talking about it right now to you. Um. A

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Speaker 1: story in the Miami Herald from June quoted some healthcare

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Speaker 1: professionals who have seen a definite difference since Jolie's op

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Speaker 1: ed appeared. Maxine chang Chin, who is a cancer risk

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Speaker 1: assessment counselor at Memorial Healthcare System in Broward, Florida, said

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Speaker 1: that it did open up the conversation. She said, some

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Speaker 1: patients heard about it and now call and say they

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Speaker 1: want to have genetic testing done, and they're also she

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Speaker 1: was explaining, just kind of more open and more comfortable

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Speaker 1: with the idea because Jolie is also very young to

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Speaker 1: have made this major decision. But at the same time,

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Speaker 1: because there is no standard criteria for Brocca genetic testing

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Speaker 1: at the moment. In other words, there isn't a standard

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Speaker 1: checklist of you know, if you have this, this, this,

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Speaker 1: then you should get it. That's why things like the

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Speaker 1: genetic counseling exists. As some people do caution that while

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Speaker 1: it is great, visually raised the awareness again the path

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Speaker 1: that she took is not necessarily the path that would

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Speaker 1: be appropriate for all women, regardless of whether they test

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Speaker 1: positive for Brocco one or two. And there is a

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Speaker 1: study of more than women in nine countries who did

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Speaker 1: test positive for one of those mutations, and it showed

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Speaker 1: that many American women in particular have chosen to have

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Speaker 1: their breasts or ovaries removed once they learned that they

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Speaker 1: carried the genes. But again, you know, that's one thing

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Speaker 1: on a menu of options for for what might happen UM.

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Speaker 1: And it's kind of on a side note, and I

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Speaker 1: feel like this is something that deserves maybe more attention

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Speaker 1: and possibly its own podcast episode. But but there's been

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Speaker 1: a bit of a medical downside to our vigilance, some

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Speaker 1: might even call it over vigilance towards breast cancer in

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Speaker 1: particular UM. In the New England Journal of Medicine, a

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Speaker 1: study recently found that one point five million women have

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Speaker 1: been needlessly treated for cancers in the past thirty years,

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Speaker 1: largely due to faulty mammogram results, and as many as

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Speaker 1: a third of tumors detected by mammograms are so small

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Speaker 1: and slow growing that they'll never develop into cancer, and

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Speaker 1: so on. The one end, you might say, well, better

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Speaker 1: to be safe than sorry. But on the other end,

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Speaker 1: there are also a number of doctors wondering whether or

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Speaker 1: not the age for mammograms when you start getting mammograms

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Speaker 1: should go up, or if our routine mammograms shoulder apps

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Speaker 1: be less routine because there's a lot of invasive surgery

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Speaker 1: happening that doesn't necessarily need to happen. So just one

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Speaker 1: thing to keep in mind. And also when it comes

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Speaker 1: to breast cancer versus ovarian cancer. While breast cancer thanks

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Speaker 1: largely to organizations like Susan g comb and that have,

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Speaker 1: through their pink campaigns, raised so much awareness about breast cancer,

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Speaker 1: and just because breast cancer, I would say it's the

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Speaker 1: most visible cancer in our culture, whereas ovarian cancer is

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Speaker 1: usually more deadly to women even though statistically or less

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Speaker 1: likely to develop it. But it's more deadly because we

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Speaker 1: usually catch it later on, because our vigilance is really

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Speaker 1: focused on breast cancer more than anything else. So just

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Speaker 1: a side note to keep in mind. Right, Well, we

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Speaker 1: told you earlier about how the Supreme Court did away

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Speaker 1: with the patent of the braca jeans. Well, let's let's

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Speaker 1: get into that fight a little bit. Um way back when.

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Speaker 1: In two thousand nine, the a c l U, along

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Speaker 1: with the Public Patent Foundation, sued the Patent and Trademark Office,

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Speaker 1: Maria Genetics, and the University of Utah Research Foundation, arguing

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Speaker 1: that patenting pure genes is unconstitutional and hinders research for

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Speaker 1: a cancer cure. They basically said that because patenting the

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Speaker 1: genes limits research and the free flow of information, it

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Speaker 1: violates the First Amendment, and Arthur Kaplan, who's the director

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Speaker 1: of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania

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Speaker 1: at the time, was quoted as saying, it's like trying

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Speaker 1: to patent the moon. You didn't do anything to create it.

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Speaker 1: You just discovered something that already existed. So they weren't

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Speaker 1: solely focused on the BROCKA genes in the suit. They

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Speaker 1: were kind of talking about genetic patents altogether. And as

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Speaker 1: part of this suit, A c LU did note that

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Speaker 1: about of all human genes are patented, a little bit

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Speaker 1: of trivia that I did not realize. Yeah, And at

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Speaker 1: the heart of this issue, it's the fact that the

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Speaker 1: patenting of this genetic sequence and and of the genetic

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Speaker 1: sequences of those other human genes that have been patented

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Speaker 1: as well. It violates a legal precedent that has long

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Speaker 1: been established that you can't patent products of nature. And

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Speaker 1: one of the examples that the a c LU offers

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Speaker 1: is that, say you want to get iron out of

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Speaker 1: the earth, you can't patent that iron. You can patent

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Speaker 1: the way that you get the iron out of the earth.

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Speaker 1: You can patent what you might make out of it,

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Speaker 1: but you cannot patent that naturally occurring substance, right, And

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Speaker 1: somebody else compared it to patenting eyeballs, and like, if

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Speaker 1: you just find an eyeball that pops out of somebody's head,

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Speaker 1: you can't pick it up, dust it off, and patent it,

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Speaker 1: to which I say, what are you doing picking up

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Speaker 1: eyeballs off the ground exactly? And which to which I say,

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Speaker 1: I really need to rethink my plan about my eyeball

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Speaker 1: empire that I'm I'm creating. Sorry, sorry about all those

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Speaker 1: eyeballs you've been collecting. You can have to find us

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Speaker 1: something else to do with them. It's called enterprises. Amazing,

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Speaker 1: So what happened on? What did happen? Well, I just

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Speaker 1: made a bad eyeball pun And on June thirteen, the

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Speaker 1: Supreme Court invalidated the Brocca patents and it ruled that

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Speaker 1: patents on human genes are invalid, which is a major

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Speaker 1: shift in patent law because of that note again that

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Speaker 1: around there of all human genes have already been patented,

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Speaker 1: and it overturns the Patent Office policy. But patents on

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Speaker 1: c DNA, which is complimentary DNA and man made DNA

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Speaker 1: molecules are okay. But scientists can provide genetic testing without

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Speaker 1: relying on that complimentary DNA. And so how did geneticists

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Speaker 1: Mary Claire King, who first discovered the Broca gene react,

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Speaker 1: She said, I am delighted. This is a fabulous result

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Speaker 1: for patients, physician scientists, and it is common sense. And

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Speaker 1: there were a lot of supporters of this, including the

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Speaker 1: American Medical Association. And Lori Andrews, a professor at the

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Speaker 1: Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Kent College of Law, could

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Speaker 1: that name be longer, broke it down for what this means,

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Speaker 1: and she said, basically, all genetic tests will become affordable

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Speaker 1: and more researchers will be able to look for cures.

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Speaker 1: And on that token, King also told Slate for about

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Speaker 1: what's next, she said, it's going to be developing multi

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Speaker 1: gene panels which are one stop shops for testing for

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Speaker 1: susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancers on many genes. It's

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Speaker 1: been a very high priority. And the test of they're

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Speaker 1: working on, King said has been called broke up b

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Speaker 1: r O c A and they've been using it for

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Speaker 1: a long time. But up until that Supreme Court decision

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Speaker 1: invalidating the patent, they had to mask the Brocco one

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Speaker 1: and two genes so that they wouldn't violate that patent

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Speaker 1: that Marriage Genetics had. And so when this development, these

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Speaker 1: multi gene tests that King is talking about can be

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Speaker 1: made available to people by many firms, not just Myriad,

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Speaker 1: And she says, in fact, I think they were on

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Speaker 1: the market straight after the ruling. And fun fact about

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Speaker 1: that Broca name, um she says it comes from the

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Speaker 1: nineteenth century French surgeon and pathologist Pierre Paul Broca, who

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Speaker 1: was the first person to describe inherited breast cancer in

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Speaker 1: families in a systematic way, and based on his work,

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Speaker 1: geneticists are currently trying to trace the relatives of those families.

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Speaker 1: But he looked at from the eighteen sixties to see

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Speaker 1: if they have those brocco one or two mutations. Science,

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Speaker 1: I know, I love you science, I love you so much.

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Speaker 1: And French French nineteenth century surgeon, French science, French science,

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Speaker 1: vulsual science. Yeah. Anyway, so I hope we Chris and

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Speaker 1: I have thrown a lot of stats at you, and

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Speaker 1: we've we've kind of glossed over some stuff. But I

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Speaker 1: hope this was informative, and you know, we do. It

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Speaker 1: is worth repeating and and re emphasizing that these mutations

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Speaker 1: are extremely rare. The last thing we want is for

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Speaker 1: you to be sitting there at home concerned that you

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Speaker 1: need to run out and get either genetic counseling or

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Speaker 1: a you know, a massively invasive surgery. Yeah. There's less

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Speaker 1: than a four percent prevalence rate of the mutations among

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Speaker 1: all ethnic groups, and around five to ten of cancers

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Speaker 1: are inherited, so it's still in the minority. The problem

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Speaker 1: with inherited cancers when it has that strong genetic link

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Speaker 1: is that they tend to be a lot more aggressive.

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Speaker 1: And also, BROCA is not the only gene mutation that

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Speaker 1: can contribute to breast row varying cancers, and they're up

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Speaker 1: to fifteen other genes that can also increase the risk,

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Speaker 1: which is why those multi gene panels that King is

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Speaker 1: talking about that are in development could be very helpful. Um.

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Speaker 1: And finally, just remember there are less invasive treatments than

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Speaker 1: prevent kit of double mystectomies like Angelina Jolie's that can

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Speaker 1: happen even if you test positive for one of those mutations.

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Speaker 1: So while you know it is important to remain vigilant

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Speaker 1: and to stay updated on our you know, our doctor's

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Speaker 1: appointments and health screamings and pab smears and all of

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Speaker 1: that kind of stuff. Um, the only thing that I

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Speaker 1: guess whether we would caution is to uh, to stay informed,

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Speaker 1: but not to panic. Right. Well, so let's hear from

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Speaker 1: listeners now. I would be interested to hear what your

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Speaker 1: reaction was to Angelina Jolie's op ed. If you have

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Speaker 1: breast or ovarian cancer that runs in your family, have

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Speaker 1: you gone through genetic testing or or counseling? I would

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Speaker 1: I would be interested to know what that process was. Like. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: Mom Stuff at Discovery dot com is where you can

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Speaker 1: send emails. You can also tweet us at Mom's Stuff

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00:21:56,160 --> 00:22:01,119
Speaker 1: podcast or send us a message over on Facebook. And

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Speaker 1: while you're writing us. We are going to take a

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Speaker 1: quick break and we will get right back to a

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Speaker 1: couple of letters. And now back to our letters, Caroline.

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Speaker 1: We have gotten so many letters about short hair, a

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Speaker 1: lot of short haired ladies writing in and and this

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Speaker 1: first letter I'm gonna read, it's from Margot, she writes,

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Speaker 1: I'm a longtime short hair lady. My mom started me

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Speaker 1: out young with a pixie cut and continued until I

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Speaker 1: rebelled in my later elementary through middle school years. Once

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Speaker 1: I got to high school, I no longer felt the

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Speaker 1: need to blend in, so I cut all seventeen inches

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Speaker 1: off into a short hair cut, inspired by Audrey heat Broom.

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Speaker 1: The pixie stayed with me all through college, when I

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Speaker 1: learned how easy it is to cut and maintain it oneself.

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Speaker 1: I started cutting my hair in college, and now nine

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Speaker 1: years later, I haven't paid for a cut since it

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Speaker 1: feels very liberating to not have to worry about blow

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Speaker 1: drying or straightening. I use a tiny dab of cocoa

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Speaker 1: butter to give it a little extra texture every day.

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Speaker 1: But besides that, it is easy as pie. I too

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Speaker 1: have experienced some criticism. Kids often stare clearly trying to

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Speaker 1: figure out my gender. Once, an elderly Italian lady stare

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Speaker 1: to me for a good ten minutes before she finally

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Speaker 1: asked what my gender was. And I was even wearing big,

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Speaker 1: dangly earrings, a tiny tank top, and a skirt. I

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Speaker 1: have learned to laugh off these incidents and feel glad

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Speaker 1: that my hair can still surprise people and maybe open

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Speaker 1: someone's mind a little bit. Also about men, men young

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Speaker 1: and old, are constantly approaching me and complimenting me on

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Speaker 1: my striking hair. I actually get more complimentary attention with

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Speaker 1: short hair than with long. I've tried long hair for

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Speaker 1: a couple of years recently, but I felt less respected

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Speaker 1: at work, less confident out on the street, and more

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Speaker 1: frustrated than ever when I had to figure out something

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Speaker 1: to do with my hair. I'm sure these feelings had

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Speaker 1: more to do with how I felt about myself than

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Speaker 1: how I actually looked, But for me, the difference is amazing.

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Speaker 1: And she attached pictures of her with short hair versus

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Speaker 1: long hair, and you know what I'm gonna say that

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Speaker 1: I am also a fan of the short hair. It

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Speaker 1: is acute cut and the fact that she hasn't paid

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Speaker 1: for her hair cut and how long and that doesn't

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Speaker 1: have to do anything to it. Oh, Margo, you make

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00:24:08,440 --> 00:24:10,200
Speaker 1: me wish I had a jaw on that cold way

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Speaker 1: a short hair cut, So thank you for your letter.

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00:24:14,720 --> 00:24:18,600
Speaker 1: In for the pics, Margo and Kristen. I have a

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Speaker 1: Facebook message here from Tatiana about her short hair. She says,

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Speaker 1: I just heard your podcast about pixie cuts yesterday, and

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Speaker 1: I was so happy to hear some intelligent conversation on

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Speaker 1: the topic of women with short hair. I've had my

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Speaker 1: extra short hair for almost two years now, and I

402
00:24:33,040 --> 00:24:35,920
Speaker 1: love it. It was a totally liberating experience, and I

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00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:38,720
Speaker 1: have never felt so confident or so much like myself

404
00:24:38,760 --> 00:24:41,560
Speaker 1: in my life. Sure, I had my fears while I

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00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:43,760
Speaker 1: was in the salon chair. Is this a good idea?

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00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:46,920
Speaker 1: What if I look bad? Will men still find me attractive?

407
00:24:47,480 --> 00:24:50,320
Speaker 1: But guess what, it was a good idea. I'm definitely

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00:24:50,359 --> 00:24:52,879
Speaker 1: feeling sick, fyer than ever, and not to shoot my

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00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:55,920
Speaker 1: own horn, I've actually attracted more men with short hair

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Speaker 1: than I ever did with long hair. By the way,

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00:24:58,440 --> 00:25:01,720
Speaker 1: totally giggled when I heard the short hair infertile thing.

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00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:03,720
Speaker 1: And now I have a new way to tease people

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00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:06,280
Speaker 1: who asked me about my hair. Oh, why I cut

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00:25:06,320 --> 00:25:11,159
Speaker 1: it this short, It's because I'm barren. So thank you, Tatiana.

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00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:13,679
Speaker 1: You do look adorable in your profile picture, and we

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00:25:13,720 --> 00:25:16,800
Speaker 1: appreciate you writing in. Yes, indeed, and thanks to everyone

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00:25:16,840 --> 00:25:19,760
Speaker 1: who has written in and tweeted us and facebooked us

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Speaker 1: and all that good stuff. Again. Our email addresses mom

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00:25:22,400 --> 00:25:24,840
Speaker 1: Stuff at Discovery dot com. You can follow us on

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00:25:24,840 --> 00:25:27,680
Speaker 1: Twitter at mom Stuff podcast, and like us over on

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00:25:27,720 --> 00:25:30,800
Speaker 1: Facebook and leave a message there. We're on Tumbler as

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00:25:30,840 --> 00:25:33,160
Speaker 1: well as stuff Mo'm Never told You dot tumbler dot com.

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Speaker 1: And last, but certainly not least, we're on YouTube. We

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00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:38,560
Speaker 1: have new videos four times a week that you should

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00:25:38,600 --> 00:25:41,440
Speaker 1: totally come over and watch. We are at YouTube dot

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00:25:41,440 --> 00:25:44,679
Speaker 1: com slash stuff mom Never Told You, and don't forget

427
00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:49,640
Speaker 1: to subscribe for more on this and thousands of other topics.

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Speaker 1: Does it how stuff works dot com