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Speaker 1: Hey, y'all, we're rerunning two episodes today. Enjoy the show,

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Speaker 1: Hi Um Eve's Welcome to This Day in History Class,

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Speaker 1: a show that reveals a little bit more about history

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Speaker 1: day by day. The day was January nine. On that

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Speaker 1: chilly winter day in London, the Beatles played a forty

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Speaker 1: two minutes set on the rooftop of the Apple Core

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Speaker 1: building at three Seville Row. It was the last performance

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Speaker 1: the Beatles ever played in public. By then, the Beatles

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Speaker 1: had already played their last official concert back on August

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Speaker 1: ninety six at Candlestick Park in San Francisco. But this

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Speaker 1: time John Paul Georgian Ringo surprise Londoners with an unannounced

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Speaker 1: midday show after they had gone more than two years

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Speaker 1: without performing live, and they'd had big plans for this

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Speaker 1: final show. In the beginning, they had their eyes sent

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Speaker 1: on places like the Palladium in London, the Geese, the Pyramids,

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Speaker 1: and even a two thousand year old amphitheater in Tunisia.

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Speaker 1: But when nobody could settle on a more extravagant location,

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Speaker 1: they ended up taking the easier route and just playing

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Speaker 1: the rooftop. Exactly whose idea it was to play a

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Speaker 1: rooftop is debated. The performance was meant to be the

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Speaker 1: climax of a TV special that would go along with

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Speaker 1: the release of the album get Back. As the name suggests,

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Speaker 1: get Back was supposed to be a return to the

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Speaker 1: Beatles roots. The band wasn't in a good place. It

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Speaker 1: was on the verge of implosion. Ringo Star had quit

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Speaker 1: the band for two weeks in nineteen George Harrison wasn't

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Speaker 1: a fan of Paul McCartney's bossiness, and earlier that month

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Speaker 1: he had even quit the band for five days, only

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Speaker 1: to return with the list of demands, and John Lennon's

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Speaker 1: relationship with Yoko oh No's be coming a problem for

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Speaker 1: the other band members. So Paul's idea to quote record

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Speaker 1: an album of new material and rehearse it, then perform

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Speaker 1: it before a live audience for the very first time

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Speaker 1: on record and on film. It was definitely Pie in

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Speaker 1: the Sky and lo and behold. The band had a

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Speaker 1: pretty awful time recording the back to Basics sessions for

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Speaker 1: the Get Back album. John Lennon even said, quote, it

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Speaker 1: was the most miserable session on Earth, with the most

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Speaker 1: miserable music going on and on and on, and everyone

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Speaker 1: was expected to have a big smile going anyway, the

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Speaker 1: show went on, along with the keyboard is Billy Preston,

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Speaker 1: who they brought in to help alleviate tensions. The Beatles

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Speaker 1: played a set of nine takes of five songs. Those

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Speaker 1: songs were Get Back, Don't Let Me Down, I've Got

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Speaker 1: a Feeling, One After nine o nine, and Dig a Pony.

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Speaker 1: Audio engineer Allen Parsons recorded this show on to eight

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Speaker 1: track recorders and the basement of the Apple Building, while

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Speaker 1: director Michael Lindsay hog filmed the performance and onlookers reactions.

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Speaker 1: People didn't really know what was going on. It was

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Speaker 1: an unannounced show after all, and many were on their

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Speaker 1: lunch break, So while some folks were enjoying the surprise show,

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Speaker 1: others were annoyed by the lunchtime nuisance traffic was backing

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Speaker 1: up and the music was loud, so as the Beatles

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Speaker 1: continued playing and the crowd of spectators grew, the police

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Speaker 1: caught notice. When the cops showed up at the Apple Building,

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Speaker 1: employees were bold enough to refuse to let them in,

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Speaker 1: but after the police threatened to arrest them for controlled substances,

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Speaker 1: they caved. The police made their way up to the

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Speaker 1: rooftop to stop the show. McCartney had a little fun

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Speaker 1: at living lyrics to get Back. He's saying, you've been

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Speaker 1: playing on the roofs again, and you know your mama

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Speaker 1: doesn't like it. She's gonna have you arrested. But the

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Speaker 1: fund didn't last long since the cops pulled the plug

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Speaker 1: on their equipment minutes after they got to the rooftop.

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Speaker 1: I like to say thank you on behalf of the

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Speaker 1: group and ourselves, and I hope we passed the audition.

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Speaker 1: That was how Lennon closed out the show, and the

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Speaker 1: show was good. The band continued recording sessions for Abbey

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Speaker 1: Road and the Get Back project, which was retitled Let

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Speaker 1: It Be. The Abbey Road album came out in nineteen

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Speaker 1: sixty nine, and twenty one minutes of footage from their

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Speaker 1: rooftop performance was released as part of the documentary Let

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Speaker 1: It Be in nineteen seventy. But the band didn't manage

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Speaker 1: to return to its roots. The Beatles were at the

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Speaker 1: end of their road. John told the group he was

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Speaker 1: leaving in September nineteen sixty nine. Paul wasn't a fan

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Speaker 1: of producer Phil Spector's overdubbing and editing of the Let

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Speaker 1: It Be recordings, and he publicly announced he was leaving

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Speaker 1: the band in April nineteen seventy, just before the release

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Speaker 1: of the Let It Be album in film The Fab Four.

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Speaker 1: It just couldn't get it back together. I'm Eve Jeff

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Speaker 1: Coke and hopefully you know a little more about history

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Speaker 1: today than you did yesterday. You can subscribe to This

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Speaker 1: Day in History Class, an Apple podcast, the I Heart

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Speaker 1: Radio app, or wherever you get your podcast. We'll be

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Speaker 1: back with more history tomorrow. Hi everyone, I'm Eves and

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Speaker 1: welcome to This Day in History Class, a podcast where

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Speaker 1: we dust off a little piece of history and place

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Speaker 1: it ever so gently on your brainshelf every day. The

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Speaker 1: day was January oh three. A group of forty six

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Speaker 1: brown in or samurai without a master, avenged the death

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Speaker 1: of their deceased master by killing Kida Yoshinaka. Though the

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Speaker 1: event occurred on January based on the Western calendar, Japan

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Speaker 1: used a lunar calendar at the time. According to contemporary dating,

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Speaker 1: the event took place in Genroku fifteen, on the fourteenth

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Speaker 1: day of the twelve month. This difference in calendars has

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Speaker 1: caused some confusion over the date of the event. That said,

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Speaker 1: the Japanese temple where the Ronan were buried holds a

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Speaker 1: festival commemorating the event every year on December fourteen. During

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Speaker 1: the Tokugawa period, which lasted from sixteen o three to

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Speaker 1: eighteen sixty seven, Japan was under the rule of the shogunate,

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Speaker 1: or a military government. The shogun or chief military commander

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Speaker 1: ruled in the name of the emperor. Daimyo or feudal

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Speaker 1: lords were vassals of the shogun, though they were limited

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Speaker 1: from gaining too much independent power. Samurai no longer had

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Speaker 1: to engage in battle since Japan was at peace, but

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Speaker 1: each daimyo did hire an army of samurai to protect

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Speaker 1: their families and property, and samurai still had codes of

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Speaker 1: honor and conduct known as bushido that they abided by.

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Speaker 1: Ronan often became masterless because they didn't fulfill their duties,

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Speaker 1: because they were defeated in battle, or because their master

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Speaker 1: fell from power or die. If a samurai's master died

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Speaker 1: or was deposed, the same murai could choose to serve

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Speaker 1: the new damio, But if his master was defeated or

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Speaker 1: killed in battle, or if he did not want to

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Speaker 1: transfer his allegiance the samurai may choose to die by suicide.

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Speaker 1: Those who chose to live as ronan often did so

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Speaker 1: in disgrace. The story of the forty seven Ronan, one

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Speaker 1: of the most well known in Japanese history, began when

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Speaker 1: Emperor Higashi Yama sent imperial envoys from Kyoto to the

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Speaker 1: Shogun's court at Edo or present day Tokyo. A high

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Speaker 1: official named Kita Yoshinaka was in charge as master of

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Speaker 1: ceremonies for the visit. Asano Naganori, a daimio from Ako,

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Speaker 1: was one of the damio assigned to receive the envoys.

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Speaker 1: Kita said about training him and another daimio in court etiquette,

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Speaker 1: but Kita allegedly treated Asino poorly, possibly because of Asino's

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Speaker 1: inexperience or because the presence Asano offered weren't good enough.

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Speaker 1: Either way, Asino attacked Kita. K wasn't hurt badly, but

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Speaker 1: Austino's action was considered a huge offense. Asino was ordered

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Speaker 1: to die by sappuku, or a form of ritual suicide

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Speaker 1: by disembowment. After Austin's death, forty seven of his samurai,

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Speaker 1: led by Oishi Yoshio, chose to become a Ronan and

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Speaker 1: seek revenge by killing Kida. They started gathering information on

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Speaker 1: Kitda's house and they split up, taking jobs as laborers

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Speaker 1: and merchants. To throw Kida and other shogunate officials off

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Speaker 1: their trail, Awishi began to drink alcohol heavily and frequent

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Speaker 1: geisha houses to alleviate suspicions. Kita and his agents began

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Speaker 1: to think that the Ronan were harmless, but on the

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Speaker 1: night of January sev oh three forty seven Ronan met

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Speaker 1: near Edo. One of the Ronan, teda Saka Kichiemon, was

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Speaker 1: sent to Ako to announce that the raid on Kita's

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Speaker 1: mansion was happening. Other accounts of the incident say that

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Speaker 1: he left after the battle. But on this snowy night,

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Speaker 1: the Ronan told Kia's neighbors of their plans to attack

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Speaker 1: his mansion, and they went forward with their plan. After

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Speaker 1: killing and wounding many of Kitta's samurai, they found Kia

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Speaker 1: hiding and beheaded him. All the Ronans survived the attack,

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Speaker 1: which lasted into the pre dawn hours of the next morning.

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Speaker 1: They then took Kitta's head to Asano's grave at the

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Speaker 1: Sanga Kuji temple, and the story of their revenge spread.

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Speaker 1: The Ronan were praised by many for their loyalty and

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Speaker 1: for killing Kitta. They had avenged the death of their master,

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Speaker 1: but their actions were still illegal. Instead of ordering them executed,

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Speaker 1: the shogun allowed them to commit seppuku, a more honorable

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Speaker 1: way to die. Forty six Ronan did so and were

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Speaker 1: buried at the Sangha Kuji temple in Etto. Many sources

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Speaker 1: say that the forty seven Ronan was pardoned, lived to

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Speaker 1: an old age, and was buried near his fellow ron

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Speaker 1: In the Graves at the temple are now a site

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Speaker 1: of commemoration. The tale of the forty seven Ronan, also

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Speaker 1: known as the a Co Incident, has inspired many plays, poems, essays,

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Speaker 1: TV shows, and films. Fictionalized accounts of the incident are

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Speaker 1: known as Tushinghuda. I'm Eves Jeff Coote and hopefully you

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Speaker 1: know a little more about history today than you did yesterday.

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Speaker 1: Have a hard time staying present as you mindlessly scrolled

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Speaker 1: through social media. Lucky for you were stuck in the

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Speaker 1: past at t d i h C Podcast on Facebook,

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Speaker 1: Instagram and Twitter, or if you are so inclined, you

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Speaker 1: can send us a message at this day at i

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Speaker 1: heart media dot com. Thanks for listening, Mary History, to all,

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Speaker 1: and to all a good night. For more podcasts from

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Speaker 1: I heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,

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Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.