WEBVTT - Franco’s Corpse Collection: Spooky Week #3 0:00:15.320 --> 0:00:19.439 That's right. It's spooky weak. It can happen here. Those 0:00:19.440 --> 0:00:22.479 were ghost noises if you haven't realized, and that must 0:00:22.480 --> 0:00:26.320 mean that today we are doing a podcast about mass graves. 0:00:27.040 --> 0:00:31.520 What's going on? What is happening in aboutground, running sounds, 0:00:31.560 --> 0:00:35.440 running water? We've summoned a fucking spirit. Where's that coming from? 0:00:36.159 --> 0:00:38.200 I don't hear it. I don't. I don't hear anything. Guys, 0:00:38.320 --> 0:00:42.640 you're just you don't hear it. It's gone, now, it's gone. 0:00:43.440 --> 0:00:47.200 It's the podcast where we convince Garrison there's a ghost 0:00:47.240 --> 0:00:50.840 in the zoom machine. It's okay, I could I could 0:00:50.880 --> 0:00:52.479 like do a I could do a lesser bad as 0:00:52.520 --> 0:00:54.800 you go to the pentagram? Who really want to? It's fine, 0:00:55.360 --> 0:00:58.920 I'm not worried. I like the pentagram. That's what I'm 0:00:58.960 --> 0:01:03.240 tattooing on my children. Oh nice me too. Yeah, you 0:01:03.280 --> 0:01:05.600 haven't done the forehead though, Like a coward, you've done there. 0:01:06.400 --> 0:01:10.320 Yeah no, I mean elbow. Elbow is the way to go. So, Garrison, 0:01:10.360 --> 0:01:14.119 what do you know about mass graves? Um never been 0:01:14.160 --> 0:01:20.040 to one to my knowledge. They seem like they're not great. 0:01:20.120 --> 0:01:24.280 Usually they're a signifier that something something not great happened. 0:01:24.360 --> 0:01:28.840 A little bit of a noopsie. Uh yeah, yeah, can 0:01:28.840 --> 0:01:32.240 be a way to hide one's mistakes, certainly. Yeah, where 0:01:32.280 --> 0:01:34.000 would you if you have to guess where the biggest 0:01:34.000 --> 0:01:36.399 mass grave in the world is? Where where would you go? For? Well, 0:01:36.440 --> 0:01:38.200 I know there's a lot of big ones in Canada. 0:01:39.920 --> 0:01:42.680 But if I'm going to guess, they call those schools 0:01:42.760 --> 0:01:46.560 in Canada, and yeah, I would say, like Russia, maybe 0:01:46.600 --> 0:01:48.440 he has the biggest mass grave. I don't know. That's 0:01:48.440 --> 0:01:50.880 just like off the top of my head. No, it's not. 0:01:51.080 --> 0:01:54.360 It's you got a guest sharing. Oh no, I know 0:01:54.360 --> 0:01:56.840 where the biggest cemetery is, but I guess that's very different. 0:01:57.240 --> 0:02:01.640 Where is the biggest cemetery? Rock? Really? Okay? Iraq has 0:02:01.680 --> 0:02:08.400 the world and it's supposed to be haunted, so okay, 0:02:08.400 --> 0:02:10.720 this one is not haunted. But as far as I 0:02:10.760 --> 0:02:13.120 can tell, it's the biggest mass grave in the world. 0:02:13.800 --> 0:02:18.160 About thirty four thousand people. Um, And this is in Spain. 0:02:18.720 --> 0:02:21.480 Spain does not get enough credit for it its mass graves. 0:02:21.639 --> 0:02:25.520 In fact, second only to Cambodia in the number of 0:02:25.560 --> 0:02:28.639 mass graves that it has. Spain has about a hundred 0:02:28.639 --> 0:02:32.440 and fifteen thousand people who were forcibly disappeared and are 0:02:32.800 --> 0:02:37.760 still buried in unidentified graves, but about thirty five four 0:02:37.800 --> 0:02:39.160 thousands of them are buried in the place we're going 0:02:39.160 --> 0:02:42.280 to talk about today, which is the Vadi los Cailos 0:02:42.400 --> 0:02:47.160 or the Valley of the Fallen. So the Calros is 0:02:47.680 --> 0:02:50.400 not only a mass grave, but it's also a Catholic basilica. 0:02:50.840 --> 0:02:53.880 It's also the largest basilica in the world. And it 0:02:54.000 --> 0:02:58.160 was built by one Francisco Franco, who was the dictator 0:02:58.200 --> 0:03:04.839 of Spain from the nineteen from nine till and it 0:03:04.960 --> 0:03:10.320 was also his own grave until when Spain dug him up, 0:03:10.480 --> 0:03:12.840 put him in a helicopter, flew him across the country 0:03:12.919 --> 0:03:16.399 so that no one could like car bomb or protest 0:03:16.520 --> 0:03:21.160 or otherwise desecrate his corpse, and buried him in another grave. 0:03:22.320 --> 0:03:26.680 So that's what I want to talk about today, the 0:03:26.760 --> 0:03:30.720 Va los cao It means Valley of the Fallen. Right. Incidentally, 0:03:30.760 --> 0:03:33.519 there's a film called Valley of the Dead, which I said, 0:03:33.520 --> 0:03:36.000 anyone else seen? This? Was it just me who decided 0:03:36.040 --> 0:03:41.200 to curse himself? Okay, just me? More of the shame. Yeah, 0:03:41.840 --> 0:03:44.880 many more people should be enjoying Spanish Civil War zombie 0:03:45.080 --> 0:03:49.960 fiction movies in which both sides come together to fight 0:03:50.000 --> 0:03:54.040 against the greater foe of the undead, and not actually 0:03:54.080 --> 0:03:57.280 a thing that happened. It's the value of the undead. Yeah, 0:03:57.360 --> 0:03:59.040 it could be called the value of the undead. But 0:03:59.080 --> 0:04:02.160 they didn't. They didn't quite get that far. Some of 0:04:02.200 --> 0:04:05.360 the least spectacular dubbing I've ever seen in a film, 0:04:06.520 --> 0:04:10.520 like like, I'm used to watching like English stuff dubbed 0:04:10.840 --> 0:04:14.480 in Spanish, but I don't think I've before seen something 0:04:14.560 --> 0:04:18.680 Spanish dubbed in like really cringe American English. It's not 0:04:18.720 --> 0:04:21.359 it's it's not great. No it's not, but in a 0:04:21.400 --> 0:04:25.080 sense it is also great, but in you know, in 0:04:25.080 --> 0:04:29.919 in a sort of enjoyably bad sense. But yeah it is. 0:04:30.040 --> 0:04:34.240 It is very funny. It's on Netflix. It's free malon Nazis. 0:04:34.360 --> 0:04:36.960 I think it was called in Spanish, but Valley of 0:04:37.000 --> 0:04:40.920 the Dead in in English. People should check it out 0:04:40.920 --> 0:04:43.719 if they want a different spooky film towards this Halloween. 0:04:44.640 --> 0:04:47.560 So let's talk about the value of the fallen. It 0:04:47.640 --> 0:04:50.919 was built under Francos direction as kind of this national 0:04:50.920 --> 0:04:54.320 act of atonement for the Civil War, and at first 0:04:54.360 --> 0:04:58.600 he said it was going to be memorial to both sides, 0:04:58.680 --> 0:05:01.760 so that's like value of the all in. But well, first, 0:05:01.800 --> 0:05:03.679 it was supposed to be a memorial to the martyrs 0:05:03.720 --> 0:05:10.000 of his glorious crusade against the Reds, against Adonism, against Satanism, 0:05:10.040 --> 0:05:13.200 against all the things that are bad according to Franco's 0:05:13.320 --> 0:05:16.840 but it wasn't. Really. It was just a giant monument 0:05:16.920 --> 0:05:20.640 of Franco's national Catholic ideology, which kind of fuses the 0:05:20.720 --> 0:05:24.160 Nah and the Church in this one massive ball of 0:05:24.279 --> 0:05:28.040 terrible shit. It's designed in the neoclassical style, which fascists love. 0:05:28.120 --> 0:05:30.960 Fascist loves the neoclassical style because they can like draw 0:05:31.120 --> 0:05:35.320 these direct lines between themselves and the empires of antiquity, 0:05:35.520 --> 0:05:39.080 right and except without the fucking paint because their cowards 0:05:39.080 --> 0:05:44.760 and fools look white because they're tiny babies. This is true. Yeah, yeah, 0:05:44.800 --> 0:05:47.600 they never did the thing where they like bedazzled their 0:05:47.640 --> 0:05:51.359 statues like the Greeks and the Romans did. Most of shame, 0:05:51.440 --> 0:05:53.360 someone should bust in there with some glit of spray 0:05:53.400 --> 0:05:58.000 paint and tarted up a bit. I haven't done that, unfortunately, 0:05:58.240 --> 0:06:02.320 returned to tradition. Make your stat who look cringe yeh, 0:06:02.320 --> 0:06:06.320 that's how they're supposed look, don't worry that the statues 0:06:06.400 --> 0:06:12.080 do look cringe, but unfortunately they're not shiny, which is disappointing. 0:06:12.080 --> 0:06:15.480 It's built of granite, though, which I guess is kind 0:06:15.520 --> 0:06:19.760 of a return for tradition. It was built very near 0:06:20.600 --> 0:06:24.120 the Escorial, which is like the resting place and palace 0:06:24.200 --> 0:06:27.840 of the Kings of Spain. And that's because Franco wants 0:06:27.839 --> 0:06:31.600 to draw a link between himself and Philip the Second. Right. 0:06:31.720 --> 0:06:35.440 Philip the Second was the King of Spain who, at 0:06:35.440 --> 0:06:38.480 the time that he ruled, ruled every continent that was 0:06:38.560 --> 0:06:42.760 known to European people, or rule territory, and which is great, 0:06:42.800 --> 0:06:46.479 which is not a problem, of course, it's in fact good, 0:06:46.320 --> 0:06:50.839 and an inbred old Spanish dude was ruling over places 0:06:50.839 --> 0:06:54.120 that he couldn't really conceive of and had never visited, 0:06:54.200 --> 0:06:57.640 and there are no problems with that. Okay. So work 0:06:57.720 --> 0:07:01.080 begins on Vils Cairos in ninety forty. Right, it's a 0:07:01.160 --> 0:07:03.680 year after the end of the Spanish Civil War, and 0:07:03.760 --> 0:07:06.279 Franco decrees that he's going to make this memorial to 0:07:06.320 --> 0:07:10.720 the glorious national crusade against the Reds, and unbelievably, he 0:07:10.760 --> 0:07:15.080 wanted work to be finished in a year, which obviously 0:07:15.160 --> 0:07:18.080 he's not operating in like reality because he's a piece 0:07:18.120 --> 0:07:22.880 of ship. But it took twenty years to build, right, 0:07:22.920 --> 0:07:29.560 so it was off by yeah, big construction, understand, Francisco Franco. 0:07:31.120 --> 0:07:34.520 And like King Philip, he could have plunder the entire 0:07:35.720 --> 0:07:39.000 labor and capital of the America's to build his folly, 0:07:39.360 --> 0:07:43.080 and instead he relied on the forced labor of about 0:07:43.120 --> 0:07:48.640 twenty thousand prisoners of war. These were former Republicans, right, 0:07:49.120 --> 0:07:52.800 and they were forced to build a church. Obviously many 0:07:52.840 --> 0:07:56.400 of them did not like the church, and we're not 0:07:56.520 --> 0:07:59.920 really very fond of building what is now the biggest 0:08:00.040 --> 0:08:02.200 Catholic cathedra in the world, actually, and it has the 0:08:02.200 --> 0:08:04.880 biggest cross in the world, which it shocked me that 0:08:04.960 --> 0:08:07.320 the biggest cross in the world wasn't in the United States, 0:08:09.520 --> 0:08:11.920 but I'm sure Ted Cruz is actively working on it 0:08:11.960 --> 0:08:16.400 as we speak. Yeah. I feel like if you like 0:08:16.480 --> 0:08:18.920 walked around my hometown and told people at the biggest 0:08:18.960 --> 0:08:20.600 cross in the world was a Catholic one, they would 0:08:20.640 --> 0:08:24.720 immediately spent twenty trillion dollars building a bigger one. Yeah, 0:08:25.520 --> 0:08:28.000 I mean, the only thing that could convince them to 0:08:28.080 --> 0:08:34.080 defund the police would be yeah, yeah, owning the Catholic cross. 0:08:34.440 --> 0:08:36.160 Maybe we should put that, Maybe we should enter that 0:08:36.200 --> 0:08:42.600 into the discourse on true social or something. That Franco, 0:08:42.760 --> 0:08:45.640 of course, is not the only person buried there. Right 0:08:46.040 --> 0:08:48.280 right next to Franco in the center of the basica 0:08:48.640 --> 0:08:51.600 is his friend Jossi Antonio Primo de dri Veda um 0:08:52.920 --> 0:08:56.719 Primo died exactly thirty nine years before Franco on the 0:08:56.760 --> 0:09:01.720 twenty November, and he because he was killed by the Republicans, 0:09:01.720 --> 0:09:05.959 which is based on good and and he has just 0:09:06.040 --> 0:09:10.800 little gravestone there next to Franco, which of course has 0:09:10.840 --> 0:09:15.040 not created any problems. After Spain it sort of began 0:09:15.160 --> 0:09:19.200 to transition to democracy and Franco died. It's of course 0:09:19.280 --> 0:09:21.440 not a bad thing to put a giant monument to 0:09:21.920 --> 0:09:25.600 fascism and Francoism, and nobody is going to turn up 0:09:25.640 --> 0:09:30.559 there and do a fascism in the years afterwards. Oh yeah, 0:09:30.720 --> 0:09:35.080 it's a little bit unfortunate. So there's every day at 0:09:35.080 --> 0:09:39.199 eleven o'clock a priest sas a mass, and at that 0:09:39.360 --> 0:09:43.800 mass you can generally find old people who will sort 0:09:43.800 --> 0:09:46.800 of mill around for a while and then quietly start 0:09:46.880 --> 0:09:52.680 doing fascist salute, which is not, which is not great. Yeah, 0:09:53.120 --> 0:09:55.599 to be comfortable first, yeah, well you got yeah, you 0:09:55.640 --> 0:09:58.800 gotta get like you've got to sample the vibes and 0:09:58.840 --> 0:10:01.520 then do a fascist and the vibes here are probably 0:10:01.520 --> 0:10:04.920 not great. They also have acquired to any acquire of 0:10:05.000 --> 0:10:11.400 small children who sing why because of fucking what? Because 0:10:11.440 --> 0:10:15.360 everything about this is cursed. There's a film, there's a 0:10:15.360 --> 0:10:17.520 film about these old children who go to a quote 0:10:17.559 --> 0:10:22.440 unquote traditional school at the Basilica, which I can imagine 0:10:22.640 --> 0:10:24.680 it's great, and they learn all kinds of wonderful things 0:10:24.679 --> 0:10:27.800 about critical race theory. Yes. So the priests also says 0:10:27.800 --> 0:10:30.600 a prayer for the fate of Spain and the blessed 0:10:31.600 --> 0:10:37.400 blessed martyrs, which really really is wonderful and perhaps points 0:10:37.400 --> 0:10:40.240 in the direction of the complicity of the Catholic Church 0:10:40.320 --> 0:10:42.640 in looks of the war crimes that we're going to 0:10:42.679 --> 0:10:46.319 talk about today. Second consecutive episode where the Catholic Church 0:10:46.559 --> 0:10:49.440 possible for the whole thing. Wow, I can't believe the 0:10:49.480 --> 0:10:53.880 Catholics did anything bad. No, it's shocking, isn't it, given 0:10:53.880 --> 0:10:57.000 their history of being kind and good and generally respectful 0:10:57.040 --> 0:11:01.559 towards people they disagree with. So true James. Yeah, no 0:11:01.679 --> 0:11:05.560 problems with the Catholic Church. So this particular church is 0:11:05.720 --> 0:11:08.800 hun It's just a giant hole in a granite ridge, 0:11:08.920 --> 0:11:11.640 right again, a giant hole cup by the Fourth labor 0:11:11.679 --> 0:11:16.120 of Prisoners of War. It's called the Value the Fallen 0:11:16.200 --> 0:11:20.240 because today it houses the remains of about thirty three 0:11:20.280 --> 0:11:24.199 thousand people, and this is what makes it the biggest 0:11:24.240 --> 0:11:27.640 mass grave in the world. Right. The monuments Register includes 0:11:27.760 --> 0:11:31.760 many of their names, and it has the motto kaidos 0:11:31.800 --> 0:11:37.120 portiosi Espana, so fallen for God in Spain, which conveniently 0:11:37.440 --> 0:11:40.520 overlooks the fact that most of the people there didn't 0:11:40.559 --> 0:11:42.880 like God very much and really didn't like the version 0:11:42.920 --> 0:11:45.800 of Spain that's being presented here either, right, because the 0:11:45.840 --> 0:11:48.840 vast majority of them were Republicans, people who would fought 0:11:48.880 --> 0:11:52.360 against Franco's idea of Spain and the civil war, and 0:11:52.520 --> 0:11:55.360 the bodies that came there really kind of came there 0:11:55.400 --> 0:11:58.920 in two distinct waves. And so, like I said, Spain 0:11:59.000 --> 0:12:03.840 has about underd and fourteen thousand odd people who are 0:12:03.880 --> 0:12:07.600 buried in unidentified graves. Right. The vast majority of these 0:12:07.600 --> 0:12:11.360 people are Republicans who were killed by Francois forces. But 0:12:11.400 --> 0:12:15.480 some of them are not. Some of them are Francoists, Catholics, 0:12:16.400 --> 0:12:21.760 Carlist other like right wing fascist type people who were 0:12:21.840 --> 0:12:26.120 killed by the Republicans right now, the bulk of those 0:12:26.160 --> 0:12:30.320 people were dug up and identified by the Franco Wish 0:12:30.400 --> 0:12:32.440 regime in the time that he was in power, and 0:12:32.480 --> 0:12:34.800 many of them were moved to the Value of the 0:12:34.800 --> 0:12:38.760 Fallen and they're identified there. But the majority of the 0:12:38.760 --> 0:12:42.839 people in the Valley of the Fallen were Republican people 0:12:43.360 --> 0:12:48.160 whose remains were taken without their consent from mass graves 0:12:48.559 --> 0:12:53.240 where they were victims of Franco's terror right and they 0:12:53.240 --> 0:12:56.360 were moved to the Valley of the Fallen to be 0:12:56.520 --> 0:13:02.600 some kind of like weird pyramid sacrificed ritual. I don't 0:13:02.640 --> 0:13:06.520 have a complete grasp of Catholicism, but I certainly don't 0:13:06.559 --> 0:13:10.959 understand this ship too sort of I don't know, make 0:13:11.080 --> 0:13:17.280 make Franco's temple more like spectacular and it's very strange, 0:13:17.320 --> 0:13:20.640 it's it's it's very cruel, right. I want to quote 0:13:21.360 --> 0:13:24.920 from the BBC article in two thousand and eleven that 0:13:25.000 --> 0:13:28.920 was written about one of these people, Jorge Valdrico so Um, 0:13:29.000 --> 0:13:32.640 Joe Vadrico Canales was taken from his home in August 0:13:32.760 --> 0:13:35.200 six in the middle of the night and shot by 0:13:35.200 --> 0:13:38.560 a Fascist execution squad. His town had fallen to the 0:13:38.640 --> 0:13:41.240 uprising and he had been singled out as a socialist. 0:13:42.200 --> 0:13:45.120 In ninety nine. His remains were dug from a well 0:13:45.559 --> 0:13:48.480 and moved to the valley of the fallen More than 0:13:48.520 --> 0:13:51.080 thirty thousand warded from both sides of transferred there on 0:13:51.120 --> 0:13:55.760 Franco's orders. For me, it's excruciatingly painful that my father's 0:13:55.800 --> 0:13:57.640 remained from a place built to the glory of the 0:13:57.720 --> 0:14:01.680 victors in the military coup, the Fausto Annales. It feels 0:14:01.679 --> 0:14:05.480 like a double crime, first when he was executed, then 0:14:05.559 --> 0:14:07.680 when they moved his body without our permission to a 0:14:07.679 --> 0:14:13.520 place which is totally inappropriate. H So that experienced, sadly, 0:14:14.040 --> 0:14:19.360 is far from uncommon. Right between three, Like I said 0:14:19.360 --> 0:14:22.960 about thirty these graves were dug up. Lots of these 0:14:23.000 --> 0:14:27.800 were like shallow roadside graves. They were wells. Some people 0:14:27.800 --> 0:14:31.280 were buried in graveyards and they were transferred to the value. 0:14:31.600 --> 0:14:35.960 Sometimes they weren't transferred in their entirety. Incidentally, that like 0:14:36.080 --> 0:14:42.720 they did. These mass graves are not well organized, so 0:14:42.840 --> 0:14:46.920 like to perhaps give some context here, like these they 0:14:46.920 --> 0:14:50.440 began in Spain, began exhuming these mass graves in two 0:14:50.440 --> 0:14:53.240 thousand seven, Right, there was a historical memory law past, 0:14:54.440 --> 0:14:57.920 and they're often just just jumbles of corpses and bones. Right, 0:14:58.000 --> 0:15:00.520 some of these mass graves contained like a thousand and people. 0:15:01.840 --> 0:15:03.720 I don't imagine them being like, hey, we're going to 0:15:03.800 --> 0:15:05.760 do a mass grave, now, you know what I mean? 0:15:05.800 --> 0:15:10.760 Like there's kind of digging a hole putting bodies in it. Yeah, yeah, 0:15:10.320 --> 0:15:12.800 it's fair to say, yeah, no one made a good plan, 0:15:13.640 --> 0:15:17.880 which is unfortunate, isn't it. But yeah, they like they 0:15:17.920 --> 0:15:19.480 would were they would get all the people who they 0:15:19.520 --> 0:15:23.600 identified as socialist or or feminist or otherwise objectionable to 0:15:23.640 --> 0:15:25.880 their vision of spanishness and then kill them all. Yeah, 0:15:25.920 --> 0:15:28.760 and then put them in a hole because they consider 0:15:28.840 --> 0:15:32.200 them to be less than human. And they seemingly seemed 0:15:32.240 --> 0:15:34.200 to have dived into the hole and grab some bits 0:15:34.200 --> 0:15:35.880 and pieces and move them to the value of the 0:15:35.880 --> 0:15:39.760 fallen at some point. Wait, so wait, we like how 0:15:39.760 --> 0:15:43.320 are did okay? Like Like what what actually? Like? How 0:15:43.360 --> 0:15:45.400 are like the bodies in the valley of the Fallen? 0:15:45.480 --> 0:15:47.920 Like held? Like what are are they just like, are 0:15:47.960 --> 0:15:51.480 they in like caskets? They just dumped them in another hole? No, 0:15:51.840 --> 0:15:54.480 there are like there are like various it seems like 0:15:54.520 --> 0:15:56.600 there are various different Like some of them are in 0:15:56.640 --> 0:16:00.480 these little stone there are like these little stone tomb 0:16:00.520 --> 0:16:03.640 looking things. But I don't think that those actually contain 0:16:03.720 --> 0:16:07.720 the remains. I think they're in these various pits. So 0:16:07.800 --> 0:16:11.240 they just it's another they moved from one mass grade. 0:16:11.400 --> 0:16:14.920 It's another mass grave that they build a sacrifice temple over. Yeah, 0:16:14.960 --> 0:16:20.000 so they're now beginning to exhume the already exhumed bodies 0:16:20.360 --> 0:16:22.560 front that. So they're now digging up the valley of 0:16:22.600 --> 0:16:27.840 the fallen right to to identify these remains. And Catalonia 0:16:27.880 --> 0:16:30.120 has a d n A registry, So if you believe 0:16:30.200 --> 0:16:34.040 that you're it would be like people of our generations grandparents. 0:16:34.920 --> 0:16:37.400 If you believe that your grandparents are in a mass 0:16:37.400 --> 0:16:40.600 grade that they would disappeared, then you can register your 0:16:40.680 --> 0:16:45.120 DNA And they tested against the mass graves that they're excuming. Well, 0:16:45.680 --> 0:16:49.560 so that's how they that's how they identify people. And Christie, 0:16:49.600 --> 0:16:51.880 do you know what won't dig a mass grave and 0:16:51.880 --> 0:17:01.080 throw your grandparents in it? I cannot Yeah, Black Rifle 0:17:01.120 --> 0:17:04.240 Coffee company. Well, I was just gonna go with Coca Cola. 0:17:04.359 --> 0:17:22.159 But that's three options and we're back. Hopefully. There was 0:17:22.240 --> 0:17:25.000 no reference to mass graves in those adverts, but we 0:17:25.119 --> 0:17:28.720 can't promise you that. Sadly, they also can't promise you 0:17:28.720 --> 0:17:31.840 that there's mass graves they didn't talk about. Yeah, that's 0:17:31.920 --> 0:17:36.040 probably more likely, isn't it. Anyway, enjoy that advert for Nestley. 0:17:36.480 --> 0:17:41.159 Moving on, some of these mass graves have been identified 0:17:41.160 --> 0:17:44.240 by a Spanish nonprofit group called Innovation and Human Rights, 0:17:44.560 --> 0:17:47.760 and they actually have this incredible data set specifically on 0:17:47.800 --> 0:17:50.919 the Valley of the Fallen, where you can look up 0:17:51.040 --> 0:17:53.639 the location of the corpses that are there, right, so 0:17:53.760 --> 0:17:58.399 like where did these where the of the remains that 0:17:58.440 --> 0:18:02.200 have been identified from where they come? And three thousand, 0:18:02.359 --> 0:18:06.440 nine d and two corpses. That's about seventy bus loads 0:18:06.480 --> 0:18:11.280 of dead people. If you want to imagine that they 0:18:11.320 --> 0:18:13.720 came from this small town of Taigona, which is where 0:18:13.720 --> 0:18:16.600 I used to live. That's that's not a big town. 0:18:16.720 --> 0:18:18.600 I was trying to think of like a California town 0:18:18.640 --> 0:18:20.400 to contextualize it by it, but I think most people 0:18:20.440 --> 0:18:25.880 would have heard of towns that's more. I this, despite 0:18:25.880 --> 0:18:30.359 being a pretty rural area, the camp to Tarragon that 0:18:30.480 --> 0:18:34.399 can take contributed about the corpses that remain in the valley, 0:18:35.000 --> 0:18:38.919 and that's probably because it's part of Catalonia. Catalonia was. 0:18:39.600 --> 0:18:42.679 Spain is a is a multi national state, so there 0:18:42.720 --> 0:18:45.159 are lots of nations within Spain, like Catalonia and the 0:18:45.160 --> 0:18:47.439 bas Country being the ones that people are most familiar with. 0:18:48.080 --> 0:18:52.240 Franco particularly hated Catalan separatists, and so as part of 0:18:52.280 --> 0:18:56.960 this ongoing punishment of Catalonia for like trying to leave 0:18:57.080 --> 0:19:01.119 Spain during the Civil War, the Francois dug up the 0:19:01.200 --> 0:19:03.640 remains of the people they'd already murdered and moved them 0:19:03.640 --> 0:19:07.480 to a long way from Catalonia right the Vadlos Gilos 0:19:07.560 --> 0:19:11.640 is near Madrid. Conditions for people who built the valley 0:19:11.680 --> 0:19:15.560 were pretty appalling to the workers and their families lived 0:19:15.800 --> 0:19:19.800 in these shacks. According to archaeologists who exsume them last year, 0:19:20.400 --> 0:19:23.879 families lived in nine meter square shacks with no water electricity. 0:19:24.000 --> 0:19:26.480 They made shoes out of old tires, and they had 0:19:26.520 --> 0:19:30.280 no windows or no heating. Their beds were made of stone, 0:19:31.359 --> 0:19:35.720 and they and their children suffered from malnutrition. It's it's 0:19:35.760 --> 0:19:39.080 not particularly rare for people to have suffered from malnutrition 0:19:39.119 --> 0:19:42.160 in Spain after the Civil War, this period was called 0:19:42.200 --> 0:19:45.240 the Years of Hunger. But even so, it seems like 0:19:46.440 --> 0:19:50.480 there was particular cruelty applied to these people, many of 0:19:50.480 --> 0:19:54.239 whom were serving sentences for things like forming unions or 0:19:54.480 --> 0:19:57.760 forming student political movements right like that. They were like 0:19:58.880 --> 0:20:01.439 they hadn't done anything wrong, that they were the victims 0:20:01.480 --> 0:20:04.800 of a totalitarian state. So one of those people is 0:20:05.080 --> 0:20:09.960 Nicolas Sanchez al Bognosum. He was interviewed being a Catline 0:20:09.960 --> 0:20:14.800 newspaper and Nathionale, and he talks a lot about his 0:20:14.880 --> 0:20:19.960 memories there, and incidentally, he escaped after a few months 0:20:20.000 --> 0:20:25.680 with the help of Norman Mailer's sister. Yeah yeah, oh yeah, 0:20:25.760 --> 0:20:30.960 based Norman. She's incredibly based actually, like yeah, she she 0:20:31.200 --> 0:20:33.760 like helped him escape and then ferried him across the 0:20:33.800 --> 0:20:40.320 Pyrenees to France, where he escaped into exile and Argentina 0:20:40.400 --> 0:20:43.880 and lived for decades. And the only good well, okay, 0:20:44.000 --> 0:20:45.359 I was gonna I was gonna make an only good 0:20:45.440 --> 0:20:50.200 Argentini and exile joke, but I probably probably is actually 0:20:50.280 --> 0:20:52.480 genuinely worth mentioning that a lot like a lot of 0:20:52.480 --> 0:20:54.840 people who were Jews fled to Argentina to like right 0:20:54.840 --> 0:20:57.840 before wor War two. Yeah, and that's a huge thing. 0:20:57.920 --> 0:21:01.320 And you get people like calling them Nazis because they're 0:21:01.359 --> 0:21:03.560 fucking dumb as ship and it's like, guys, come fucking 0:21:03.960 --> 0:21:06.679 like if you can't tell between the Nazi and the 0:21:06.680 --> 0:21:09.479 people they were killing, like please stop. Okay, this has 0:21:09.480 --> 0:21:12.520 been my interlude about people doing this ship because oh 0:21:12.560 --> 0:21:16.200 my god, yeah, maybe maybe don't cast his persons, maybe 0:21:16.520 --> 0:21:20.080 do a little bit of reading first. So yeah, a 0:21:20.080 --> 0:21:21.720 lot of people, a lot of them end up in 0:21:21.720 --> 0:21:27.200 in Argentine exile. Actually, ironically, Argentina also claims universal jurisdiction. 0:21:28.640 --> 0:21:31.560 So what we've seen in the last few years it's 0:21:31.640 --> 0:21:37.080 like Spanish historical memory groups trying to trying to get 0:21:37.119 --> 0:21:41.600 people who perpetrated crimes against humanity under Franco extradited to 0:21:41.720 --> 0:21:45.919 Argentina to be questioned, which which is also very funny 0:21:46.040 --> 0:21:49.680 given that Argentina has its own legacy of crimes against humanity, right, 0:21:50.440 --> 0:21:53.560 and Spain does his ship too. Actually, Spain claims universal 0:21:53.640 --> 0:21:57.119 jurisdiction and we'll try and like extradite people who have 0:21:57.160 --> 0:22:01.639 done crimes against humanity in formerly colonized countries without Spain 0:22:01.680 --> 0:22:03.800 has not faced up to its own crimes against his 0:22:03.920 --> 0:22:06.920 own population. You know, I will say I am entirely 0:22:07.040 --> 0:22:09.879 down for like intentionally starting some sort of like Spain 0:22:10.000 --> 0:22:12.720 Argentina like ship fast where both of them like get 0:22:12.720 --> 0:22:14.680 piste off with each other and start trying each other's 0:22:14.680 --> 0:22:18.320 war criminals. That's really funny. I would be better. I 0:22:18.320 --> 0:22:21.439 would be even more impressed to see, Um, are you 0:22:21.480 --> 0:22:29.560 familiar with who Balfa Gathon is? See that weird prosecutor guys? Yes? Yes, yes, yeah, 0:22:30.160 --> 0:22:33.720 who tried to who tried to try US officials for 0:22:33.760 --> 0:22:38.760 crimes against humanity for the things they didn't guantanamobey. Yeah, 0:22:38.840 --> 0:22:41.400 it would be outstanding. I would love to see like 0:22:41.480 --> 0:22:44.119 Spain and the United States come to blows over like 0:22:44.160 --> 0:22:48.680 their respective crimes against humanity. It would be wonderful, Sandy, 0:22:48.800 --> 0:22:52.000 And like in Iraq too, I think he like, um, 0:22:52.080 --> 0:22:54.879 what was it called that? The do they call it 0:22:55.000 --> 0:22:58.320 enhanced interrogation techniques that they were using when they were 0:22:58.320 --> 0:23:01.520 like elextrocuting people in search? Yeah, so like he tried 0:23:01.520 --> 0:23:04.800 to prosecute people for that, sadly, like everything else in Spain. 0:23:05.119 --> 0:23:07.280 He strayed a little bit too close to looking at 0:23:07.280 --> 0:23:11.680 the corruption of the Spanish state and lost his position, 0:23:12.760 --> 0:23:15.600 which is a shame. He did some pretty chuddly ship himself, 0:23:15.640 --> 0:23:18.960 like he very clearly presided at betrials where people had 0:23:19.080 --> 0:23:23.120 very clearly been tortured and was just like, oh, that's 0:23:23.160 --> 0:23:25.920 interesting to see you in the witness box giving this testimony. 0:23:25.960 --> 0:23:27.639 I'm not going to note the fact that you've like 0:23:28.080 --> 0:23:32.520 very clearly been beaten to ship with a night stick. Yeah, 0:23:32.720 --> 0:23:38.320 Spain a country with no problems, famously, and so yeah, 0:23:38.359 --> 0:23:43.000 Albunos escapes. Actually, there's a film called the Los Angeles Barbaras, 0:23:43.160 --> 0:23:49.320 the Barbara's Years, I guess the Barbarian Years, which which 0:23:50.240 --> 0:23:52.320 looks at his escape, and he was one of only 0:23:52.320 --> 0:23:56.520 two people to be escaped. But people died building the 0:23:56.600 --> 0:23:59.560 Valley of the Fallen right and then were buried there 0:23:59.600 --> 0:24:05.120 in this weird monument to to Francoism. So, like I said, 0:24:05.640 --> 0:24:11.120 Spain really hasn't dealt with its legacy of of mass 0:24:11.200 --> 0:24:13.880 murder right. Um. And it never really had a Truth 0:24:13.920 --> 0:24:17.399 and Reconciliation commission, never really dealt with the amount of 0:24:17.440 --> 0:24:23.359 people murdered after the war. Um. And it's really only 0:24:23.400 --> 0:24:25.720 in the last like ten or fifteen years at Spain 0:24:25.800 --> 0:24:29.040 has begun digging up these mass graves. So um and 0:24:29.160 --> 0:24:34.120 the pedroal Sanchez and the Socialist government, they've they've begun 0:24:34.320 --> 0:24:36.479 doing more to deal with this. In two thousand and 0:24:36.520 --> 0:24:39.760 seven and earlier, Spanish Socialist government passes thing called the 0:24:39.800 --> 0:24:43.359 Law for Historical Memory, and the Law for Historical Memory 0:24:43.520 --> 0:24:46.840 funded the recovery of the memory of the Civil War right. 0:24:46.960 --> 0:24:53.200 And you can draw very obvious parallels between how Spain 0:24:53.240 --> 0:24:55.800 has dealt with its civil war and its tradition to democracy, 0:24:55.840 --> 0:24:58.040 and how the United States has dealt with its Civil 0:24:58.119 --> 0:25:01.960 war right. And you will see like that there is 0:25:02.240 --> 0:25:06.240 um do you got do you know what voxes? Yeah, 0:25:06.240 --> 0:25:09.520 they're they're like the insane for the right party in Spain, yes, 0:25:10.240 --> 0:25:13.959 and so fucking cringe, holy shit, even for the standards 0:25:14.000 --> 0:25:18.560 of far right parties, like oh my fucking god, oh god, yeah, 0:25:18.600 --> 0:25:22.840 do they wear silly outfits? Oh yeah, I would imagine, 0:25:22.880 --> 0:25:24.360 So I don't I don't think. I don't think there's 0:25:24.359 --> 0:25:26.399 ever been a picture of them like where they haven't 0:25:26.440 --> 0:25:30.400 been in like the weirdest looking ship. Because occasionally some 0:25:30.520 --> 0:25:34.320 of the like Spanish fascists were some pretty gay outfits, 0:25:34.480 --> 0:25:39.159 and it's really funny. Are you talking about the phone Legion, 0:25:39.200 --> 0:25:43.000