1 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:05,360 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Penel Podcast. I'm Paul Sweene. You, 2 00:00:05,360 --> 00:00:07,680 Speaker 1: along with my co host Lisa Brahma wits each day 3 00:00:07,720 --> 00:00:10,240 Speaker 1: we bring you the most noteworthy and useful interviews for 4 00:00:10,280 --> 00:00:12,520 Speaker 1: you and your money. Whether at the grocery store or 5 00:00:12,560 --> 00:00:15,480 Speaker 1: the trading floor. Find a Bloomberg penl podcast on Apple 6 00:00:15,520 --> 00:00:17,959 Speaker 1: podcast or wherever you listen to podcasts, as well as 7 00:00:17,960 --> 00:00:25,079 Speaker 1: at Bloomberg dot com. Time to check in with Bloomberg Opinion. 8 00:00:25,079 --> 00:00:28,160 Speaker 1: We're joined by Andy Brown, editorial director for the Bloomberg 9 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:32,040 Speaker 1: New Economy. So, Andy, let's trade is right back on 10 00:00:32,200 --> 00:00:35,400 Speaker 1: the front burner for the market's given President Trump's treet 11 00:00:35,760 --> 00:00:39,239 Speaker 1: tweet yesterday. Just give us your sense of kind of 12 00:00:39,280 --> 00:00:42,199 Speaker 1: what we've experienced so far with the tariffs. Are the 13 00:00:42,240 --> 00:00:47,239 Speaker 1: tariffs working? Is it advancing our trade goals? Do you believe? No, 14 00:00:47,840 --> 00:00:51,559 Speaker 1: they're not working. So what we're learning we just heard 15 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:54,440 Speaker 1: from Larry Cudlo that they were working right well, if 16 00:00:54,480 --> 00:00:59,080 Speaker 1: they were working, China would have bent by now, and 17 00:00:59,440 --> 00:01:03,720 Speaker 1: China has not budged at all. In fact, what we're 18 00:01:03,760 --> 00:01:07,560 Speaker 1: hearing is that China didn't make any additional offers at all. 19 00:01:08,160 --> 00:01:12,240 Speaker 1: UH in the latest round of talks, and this latest 20 00:01:12,280 --> 00:01:16,000 Speaker 1: temper cent threatened temper cent tariffs on three D billion 21 00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:19,080 Speaker 1: will have about as much effect as the last bunch 22 00:01:19,080 --> 00:01:22,479 Speaker 1: of tariffs on two D and fifty billion dollars. Trump 23 00:01:22,560 --> 00:01:24,440 Speaker 1: is a is a one trick pony as tarots or 24 00:01:24,480 --> 00:01:28,000 Speaker 1: tariffs or tariffs, he's tariff man, and he's doubling down 25 00:01:28,040 --> 00:01:31,200 Speaker 1: on them. So I guess that I want to just 26 00:01:31,959 --> 00:01:34,400 Speaker 1: offer up the other view to this. People would say 27 00:01:34,400 --> 00:01:37,600 Speaker 1: that it has been working, that China's economy has slowed 28 00:01:37,640 --> 00:01:42,360 Speaker 1: more than people would have otherwise predicted based on the tariffs, 29 00:01:42,360 --> 00:01:44,880 Speaker 1: and that they've had to engage in further stimulus to 30 00:01:44,959 --> 00:01:48,440 Speaker 1: counteract that, which leaves them with less ammunition to counter 31 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:51,000 Speaker 1: their slow down going forward. I mean, what do you 32 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:53,000 Speaker 1: say to those arguments? Well, I would say, as look 33 00:01:53,040 --> 00:01:55,480 Speaker 1: at the Chinese economy. Sure that the economy is slowing, 34 00:01:55,480 --> 00:01:59,000 Speaker 1: it probably would have slowed anyway it needed to slow. Um. 35 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:01,440 Speaker 1: I would also say, look at the resilience of the 36 00:02:01,520 --> 00:02:04,360 Speaker 1: Chinese economy, and there's a lot more that they can do. 37 00:02:04,520 --> 00:02:07,240 Speaker 1: They can cut interest rates, they can ramp up lending, 38 00:02:07,600 --> 00:02:10,720 Speaker 1: they can offer support to small medium sized enterprises, the 39 00:02:10,720 --> 00:02:12,400 Speaker 1: ones that are going to be hurt by this latest 40 00:02:12,480 --> 00:02:15,720 Speaker 1: round of tariffs. They've got plenty of ammunition left. But 41 00:02:15,760 --> 00:02:18,800 Speaker 1: more to the point, they're just not going to bend 42 00:02:18,960 --> 00:02:22,840 Speaker 1: to Trump's will. So right now, the entire Chinese leadership 43 00:02:22,880 --> 00:02:24,959 Speaker 1: has decamped for the summer to Bay die Her, this 44 00:02:25,040 --> 00:02:28,000 Speaker 1: seaside resort near Beijing, to talk about strategy. You can 45 00:02:28,040 --> 00:02:30,160 Speaker 1: guarantee that this is going to be right at the 46 00:02:30,200 --> 00:02:33,680 Speaker 1: top of their agenda. Can you imagine at this point 47 00:02:33,720 --> 00:02:37,800 Speaker 1: a conversation she jimping, standing up and saying to this group, Okay, guys, 48 00:02:37,840 --> 00:02:40,519 Speaker 1: the game is up right. We don't have any option. 49 00:02:40,639 --> 00:02:44,240 Speaker 1: We're just going to have to force ourselves to undertake 50 00:02:44,440 --> 00:02:48,399 Speaker 1: really painful adjustments to our economy which Trump is demanding, 51 00:02:48,440 --> 00:02:50,960 Speaker 1: even though we think this is going to be a 52 00:02:51,080 --> 00:02:53,440 Speaker 1: really bad idea and could be and could be damaging. 53 00:02:53,639 --> 00:02:55,400 Speaker 1: And then, by the way, we're going to have to 54 00:02:55,520 --> 00:03:00,320 Speaker 1: explain this historic capitulation to the Chinese people won't have happened. 55 00:03:00,680 --> 00:03:03,400 Speaker 1: So you mentioned that you recently came back from Hong Kong, 56 00:03:03,639 --> 00:03:05,840 Speaker 1: So do you have a sense, I'm guessing you're spending 57 00:03:05,840 --> 00:03:07,120 Speaker 1: time over that part of the world, you have a 58 00:03:07,160 --> 00:03:10,960 Speaker 1: sense of what the Chinese really want in a deal 59 00:03:11,280 --> 00:03:13,760 Speaker 1: realistically what they want and that they think they can 60 00:03:13,800 --> 00:03:18,120 Speaker 1: actually get. Well, the the you know, the the Hong Kong, 61 00:03:18,320 --> 00:03:22,440 Speaker 1: the Hong Kong situation is now aggravating everything else. So 62 00:03:22,600 --> 00:03:25,560 Speaker 1: what you're hearing, the rhetoric you're hearing from the Chinese 63 00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:31,200 Speaker 1: propaganda outlets is that the American black hands are behind 64 00:03:31,440 --> 00:03:35,160 Speaker 1: this protest. And by the way, Trump very unhelpfully yesterday 65 00:03:35,280 --> 00:03:38,680 Speaker 1: picked up all kinds of Chinese communist body talking points 66 00:03:38,720 --> 00:03:41,960 Speaker 1: describing these protests in Hong Kong where two million people 67 00:03:42,280 --> 00:03:45,520 Speaker 1: took to the streets against this extradition law, as riots, 68 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:47,440 Speaker 1: and he said, basically, it's nothing to do with us. 69 00:03:47,680 --> 00:03:50,040 Speaker 1: China can fix it. Hong Kong is a part of China. 70 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:53,280 Speaker 1: Uh and and and so the worst possible thing he 71 00:03:53,280 --> 00:03:56,880 Speaker 1: could have said at this point. So we're now getting 72 00:03:56,880 --> 00:04:00,000 Speaker 1: a sense that China does plan to retaliate against any 73 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:03,440 Speaker 1: sational tariffs at President Trump does implement them. What do 74 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:06,680 Speaker 1: you expect in terms of how that retaliation will look. Yeah, well, 75 00:04:06,800 --> 00:04:09,600 Speaker 1: you see, they can't really retaliate in kind because they 76 00:04:09,760 --> 00:04:12,800 Speaker 1: run out of goods to to put tariffs on. America 77 00:04:12,880 --> 00:04:15,640 Speaker 1: just doesn't sell enough stuff to China's So what we 78 00:04:15,680 --> 00:04:19,720 Speaker 1: can expect is American companies to take a look at 79 00:04:19,720 --> 00:04:21,919 Speaker 1: Look at the Boeing share price right there there in 80 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:25,240 Speaker 1: the middle now, or the end stages of negotiating a 81 00:04:25,360 --> 00:04:29,119 Speaker 1: huge fleet sale to the Chinese. Don't hold your breath. 82 00:04:29,160 --> 00:04:31,800 Speaker 1: I mean, you know, I can't see that being signed 83 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:35,360 Speaker 1: under the present circumstances. Companies like FedEx, for instance, which 84 00:04:35,400 --> 00:04:38,960 Speaker 1: are already in hot water for mishandling this package that 85 00:04:39,040 --> 00:04:41,799 Speaker 1: was supposed to have been sent to Huawei. Maybe maybe 86 00:04:41,800 --> 00:04:44,880 Speaker 1: they come, Maybe they roll out there so called Unreliable 87 00:04:45,080 --> 00:04:48,800 Speaker 1: Entities list, essentially a hit list of American companies. FedEx 88 00:04:48,839 --> 00:04:52,640 Speaker 1: may well be on such a list. Uh, forget about 89 00:04:52,640 --> 00:04:56,920 Speaker 1: purchases of oil seeds, grains, cottons. China had just started 90 00:04:56,960 --> 00:04:59,679 Speaker 1: to buy a bit of that. That won't be happening either, 91 00:05:00,120 --> 00:05:03,640 Speaker 1: so you know, and just generally making life really miserable 92 00:05:03,720 --> 00:05:06,560 Speaker 1: for American companies and the lot they can do without 93 00:05:06,760 --> 00:05:10,120 Speaker 1: formal sanctions. I'm just looking right now at some of 94 00:05:10,400 --> 00:05:13,600 Speaker 1: the share prices and the commodities that you're mentioning. Interestingly, 95 00:05:13,640 --> 00:05:17,880 Speaker 1: Bowing shares are slightly up, soybean prices are slightly up. 96 00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:22,360 Speaker 1: So either markets are not taking this seriously or people 97 00:05:22,400 --> 00:05:25,880 Speaker 1: think that this has already been priced in. Well, I mean, 98 00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:28,800 Speaker 1: you know, these prices are up and down. Bowing took bowing. 99 00:05:28,880 --> 00:05:31,960 Speaker 1: Bowing took a hit yesterday on the New Spin its 100 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:38,520 Speaker 1: Own World of Hurt. Sure. Look, I mean China will 101 00:05:38,760 --> 00:05:42,280 Speaker 1: have to respond in some fashion. And and you know, 102 00:05:42,360 --> 00:05:45,039 Speaker 1: since they since they honestly cut, since they cannot even 103 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:48,400 Speaker 1: if they wanted to put on more tariffs. I think 104 00:05:48,440 --> 00:05:52,600 Speaker 1: these direct threats to individual US companies to make them 105 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:55,240 Speaker 1: feel the pain is probably what we should expect. You 106 00:05:55,240 --> 00:05:57,480 Speaker 1: can read more on all of these things and other 107 00:05:57,520 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 1: stories from the Brook Opinion, a Bloomberg dot com slash opinion. 108 00:06:00,960 --> 00:06:03,480 Speaker 1: Uh Andy Brown, thank you so much for being with us. 109 00:06:16,400 --> 00:06:20,920 Speaker 1: We have been getting earnings out of the big gas giants. 110 00:06:21,000 --> 00:06:23,839 Speaker 1: I guess you would say, I know, Paul, they're giving 111 00:06:23,839 --> 00:06:27,080 Speaker 1: me a look. I mean, honestly, between the solar system 112 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:29,919 Speaker 1: studying in my home household and the fact that I 113 00:06:29,960 --> 00:06:32,080 Speaker 1: have two young boys, that's that's where my mind goes. 114 00:06:32,320 --> 00:06:34,760 Speaker 1: I do want to talk, though, more broadly, about what's 115 00:06:34,800 --> 00:06:38,279 Speaker 1: going on in oil, because it's been frankly a wild ride, 116 00:06:38,279 --> 00:06:40,720 Speaker 1: and to help us pass through not only the earnings 117 00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:44,400 Speaker 1: from Chevron and Exxon and others. But also what we're 118 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:47,320 Speaker 1: seeing in the crude market is John Kilda, founding partner 119 00:06:47,360 --> 00:06:50,960 Speaker 1: of Again Capital, joining us on the phone. John. Let's 120 00:06:50,960 --> 00:06:53,320 Speaker 1: just start with the wild ride. Yesterday we saw the 121 00:06:53,320 --> 00:06:58,320 Speaker 1: biggest plunge and crewed in four years, dropping about eight percent. 122 00:06:58,400 --> 00:07:00,839 Speaker 1: Today you're seeing a bit of a rebound. How much 123 00:07:00,839 --> 00:07:06,680 Speaker 1: would additional tariffs really crimp the value of oil? First 124 00:07:06,680 --> 00:07:09,479 Speaker 1: of all, good morning, but very much. I mean, I've 125 00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:11,400 Speaker 1: been saying for a while that the the U. S. 126 00:07:11,480 --> 00:07:15,000 Speaker 1: China trade war has had an outsized effect on the 127 00:07:15,040 --> 00:07:19,440 Speaker 1: oil market, on energy pricing because it's been hitting the 128 00:07:19,480 --> 00:07:25,880 Speaker 1: Asian economic region Japan, South Korea, China, Singapore, Indonesia, UH 129 00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:31,400 Speaker 1: the hardest and the slowed slowing economic activity there, Every 130 00:07:31,440 --> 00:07:34,360 Speaker 1: measure that comes out manufacturing, p M, I, S, G, D, 131 00:07:34,480 --> 00:07:37,800 Speaker 1: p S, exports, you name it, all have been really 132 00:07:37,840 --> 00:07:40,840 Speaker 1: on a on a terrific down slope, and that goes 133 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:43,840 Speaker 1: to the heart of the energy demand growth outlook. It's 134 00:07:43,840 --> 00:07:49,400 Speaker 1: been hollowed out to a great degree by this economic slowing. So, uh, 135 00:07:49,480 --> 00:07:52,200 Speaker 1: you want to ratchet up the trade war more, it's 136 00:07:52,240 --> 00:07:55,480 Speaker 1: going to ratchet down demand growth more. And that's why 137 00:07:55,520 --> 00:07:58,160 Speaker 1: you're seeing these prices come under such pressure, and John, I, 138 00:07:58,400 --> 00:08:01,160 Speaker 1: you know, we've all seen I think reports that Iranian 139 00:08:01,160 --> 00:08:04,800 Speaker 1: oil tankers have been quietly offloading their supply into Chinese ports. 140 00:08:05,520 --> 00:08:10,040 Speaker 1: That seems like a risky strategy for the Chinese. What 141 00:08:10,120 --> 00:08:13,920 Speaker 1: do you think is going on there? It's actually, um, 142 00:08:13,960 --> 00:08:16,800 Speaker 1: they're being quite clever about it while they're they're what 143 00:08:16,880 --> 00:08:19,400 Speaker 1: they're doing is the the Iranian tankers, not to get 144 00:08:19,440 --> 00:08:22,640 Speaker 1: too technical here, are unloading the oil into what they 145 00:08:22,640 --> 00:08:25,960 Speaker 1: call bonded storage or storage facilities that are actually owned 146 00:08:25,960 --> 00:08:29,360 Speaker 1: by Iran. So it doesn't count yet as an actual 147 00:08:29,440 --> 00:08:32,480 Speaker 1: transfer or transaction that would be that would be violative 148 00:08:32,760 --> 00:08:36,040 Speaker 1: of the U S sanctions. But what that's doing is 149 00:08:36,080 --> 00:08:39,120 Speaker 1: creating this huge overhang of millions of barrels of oil. 150 00:08:39,200 --> 00:08:42,240 Speaker 1: Literally that if there's some kind of easing or if 151 00:08:42,240 --> 00:08:44,400 Speaker 1: the Chinese want to throw down and say, you know, 152 00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:46,120 Speaker 1: we don't care about your sanctions, We're going to buy 153 00:08:46,160 --> 00:08:47,920 Speaker 1: the oil, all of a sudden we have a new 154 00:08:47,960 --> 00:08:51,360 Speaker 1: flood of oil that goes into the Chinese market, which 155 00:08:51,360 --> 00:08:54,920 Speaker 1: would displace obviously other salady barrels and other supply that 156 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:58,760 Speaker 1: would again cause the potential, you know, further cratering of 157 00:08:58,800 --> 00:09:01,960 Speaker 1: the price so um, it's actually something we're all watching 158 00:09:01,960 --> 00:09:05,559 Speaker 1: because it's it's oil. It's almost like a mini strategic 159 00:09:05,559 --> 00:09:08,520 Speaker 1: petroleum reserved that it's being built up into that if 160 00:09:08,520 --> 00:09:11,520 Speaker 1: it gets tapped or called on, would obviously be another 161 00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:15,560 Speaker 1: price break opportunity. So, John, you've nailed it with respect 162 00:09:15,640 --> 00:09:18,360 Speaker 1: to your calls on oil prices. I'm looking right now, 163 00:09:18,880 --> 00:09:22,079 Speaker 1: crew treated on the night Max currently treading at fifty 164 00:09:22,160 --> 00:09:25,440 Speaker 1: five two cents a barrel, up two and a half 165 00:09:25,480 --> 00:09:28,920 Speaker 1: percent today after yesterday's eight percent plunge. Where will this 166 00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:32,439 Speaker 1: price be? What should it be? Should the tariffs, the 167 00:09:32,440 --> 00:09:36,560 Speaker 1: additional tariffs at President Trump discussed yesterday get implemented and 168 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:39,439 Speaker 1: there is some sort of retaliatory move by the Chinese government, 169 00:09:41,280 --> 00:09:43,160 Speaker 1: you know, we're heading back down towards fifty dollars a 170 00:09:43,240 --> 00:09:46,079 Speaker 1: barrel at this point. That's where major support is on 171 00:09:46,080 --> 00:09:49,160 Speaker 1: on the chart. It's not just around psychological number. There's 172 00:09:49,160 --> 00:09:52,960 Speaker 1: some real um you know math if you will involved 173 00:09:53,080 --> 00:09:58,199 Speaker 1: with that, with that level um. And it's remarkable right 174 00:09:58,240 --> 00:09:59,920 Speaker 1: if you think about it, that with all the ten 175 00:10:00,160 --> 00:10:03,440 Speaker 1: the surrounding Iran, with all the efforts by Saudi Arabian, 176 00:10:03,520 --> 00:10:06,640 Speaker 1: some mothers in OPEC, including Russia to try to reduce 177 00:10:06,679 --> 00:10:08,560 Speaker 1: supplies and get the price back up. That it's just 178 00:10:08,600 --> 00:10:12,400 Speaker 1: not reacting. It shows you just how you know, the 179 00:10:12,640 --> 00:10:15,840 Speaker 1: delitarious this situation is. And the fallout from the trade 180 00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:18,800 Speaker 1: war is on the demand outlook. And that's what's just 181 00:10:18,880 --> 00:10:21,400 Speaker 1: key right now. And you know, we're gonna be heading 182 00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:24,120 Speaker 1: down to that fifty barrel level and we'll see if 183 00:10:24,160 --> 00:10:26,960 Speaker 1: that doesn't prompt another response from the Saddie's or the 184 00:10:27,000 --> 00:10:30,960 Speaker 1: rest of OPEC in Russia, UM or even the other 185 00:10:31,120 --> 00:10:33,200 Speaker 1: show that could fall here. What we're going to start 186 00:10:33,240 --> 00:10:36,400 Speaker 1: to watch out for is our own shale players. UM. 187 00:10:36,559 --> 00:10:39,880 Speaker 1: The they're here in footsteps from the financial markets about 188 00:10:40,440 --> 00:10:45,000 Speaker 1: you know, persisting in their money losing endeavors here and uh, 189 00:10:45,120 --> 00:10:48,360 Speaker 1: we've seen US domestic productions stall out of about twelve 190 00:10:48,400 --> 00:10:50,679 Speaker 1: million barrels. It could very well start to go back 191 00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:53,719 Speaker 1: on the decline. Uh if this doesn't improve. So that's 192 00:10:53,760 --> 00:10:55,880 Speaker 1: the other thing to watch out for. So John, just 193 00:10:55,920 --> 00:10:59,000 Speaker 1: real quickly, in thirty seconds, we heard from Chevron and 194 00:10:59,080 --> 00:11:01,800 Speaker 1: Exxon reported earnings today. What are the big oil companies 195 00:11:01,800 --> 00:11:06,720 Speaker 1: saying about trade and how that risks their business? Well, 196 00:11:06,800 --> 00:11:09,080 Speaker 1: it's it's a problem for them. The only bright spot 197 00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:12,120 Speaker 1: they've had recently is their petrochemical businesses at the bigger 198 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:15,200 Speaker 1: companies X and Chevron and some of the others. Now 199 00:11:15,240 --> 00:11:18,040 Speaker 1: that's going to face an economic slowdown, and those businesses 200 00:11:18,080 --> 00:11:20,360 Speaker 1: are highly cyclical, So if you get a downturn in 201 00:11:20,360 --> 00:11:23,439 Speaker 1: the global economy, that's the that's their last vestage is 202 00:11:23,520 --> 00:11:26,000 Speaker 1: now going to get hit too. So there's a reason 203 00:11:26,000 --> 00:11:27,960 Speaker 1: why the energy sector is less than five percent of 204 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:30,720 Speaker 1: the S and P five hundred um. They're they're really 205 00:11:30,800 --> 00:11:34,480 Speaker 1: uninvestable at this point. Uninvestable. That's hard, yeah, because they 206 00:11:34,600 --> 00:11:38,160 Speaker 1: both eat expectations and their share prices are down. So 207 00:11:38,240 --> 00:11:40,680 Speaker 1: I think a lot of people probably agree with John absolutely. 208 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:43,400 Speaker 1: John Kilda, thank you so much for joining us once again. 209 00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:45,960 Speaker 1: John is founding partner of Again Capital, based in New 210 00:11:46,040 --> 00:12:05,360 Speaker 1: York City. Giving us an update on the oil markets. Well, 211 00:12:05,360 --> 00:12:07,800 Speaker 1: this may be the dog days of summer, but we 212 00:12:07,920 --> 00:12:10,800 Speaker 1: certainly had a busy week. This week. We had the FED, 213 00:12:10,920 --> 00:12:14,600 Speaker 1: we had trade and tariffs, and today the jobs reports, 214 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:17,000 Speaker 1: so we actually had plenty for the markets to digest. 215 00:12:17,040 --> 00:12:19,120 Speaker 1: Help us kind of tie it all together. We welcome 216 00:12:19,240 --> 00:12:22,600 Speaker 1: Dr Bob Eisenbeis Bob as a vice chairman and chief 217 00:12:22,640 --> 00:12:27,280 Speaker 1: monetary economist for Cumberland Advisers, and Dr Eisenbeiss was formerly 218 00:12:27,320 --> 00:12:30,240 Speaker 1: executive vice president and director of Research at the Federal 219 00:12:30,280 --> 00:12:34,000 Speaker 1: Reserve Bank of Atlantic joins us on the phone from Sarasota. Bob, 220 00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:36,760 Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us. Let's kind of work backwards, 221 00:12:36,840 --> 00:12:39,120 Speaker 1: maybe from what has been a very busy week, and 222 00:12:39,120 --> 00:12:42,520 Speaker 1: we'll start with the jobs report that we got this morning. 223 00:12:42,559 --> 00:12:44,480 Speaker 1: What are your key takeaways from what seemed to be 224 00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:47,720 Speaker 1: a pretty solid report. Well, it was a salad report, 225 00:12:47,840 --> 00:12:51,160 Speaker 1: and there's lots of positives. The unemployment rate held constant 226 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:54,360 Speaker 1: at three point seven percent. There were games in a 227 00:12:54,480 --> 00:12:58,280 Speaker 1: number of different categories, and uh, I noticed that those 228 00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:03,280 Speaker 1: categories aren't necessarily the ones that are low paying jobs. 229 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:07,440 Speaker 1: We're not saying retail and food services and that sort 230 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:12,240 Speaker 1: of thing. We're seeing good jobs being created. Um. And 231 00:13:12,280 --> 00:13:15,640 Speaker 1: then I also note the fact that we now have 232 00:13:16,280 --> 00:13:22,440 Speaker 1: about six point one million UH people unemployed, whereas we 233 00:13:22,480 --> 00:13:27,480 Speaker 1: have over seven million job vacancies. So if you're an 234 00:13:27,520 --> 00:13:30,280 Speaker 1: employer and you have a job, and you have a 235 00:13:30,360 --> 00:13:33,320 Speaker 1: job vacancy and you can't hire people, why would you 236 00:13:33,360 --> 00:13:35,760 Speaker 1: create more jobs? The only thing I can think of 237 00:13:35,880 --> 00:13:39,200 Speaker 1: is that you may be creating jobs that have different skills, 238 00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:41,600 Speaker 1: and so part of what we're looking at as a 239 00:13:41,640 --> 00:13:46,360 Speaker 1: skill min mismatch. So, Bob, given the fact that the 240 00:13:46,480 --> 00:13:50,400 Speaker 1: jobs market looks like it's in very solid footing, given 241 00:13:50,440 --> 00:13:53,520 Speaker 1: the fact that the economic expansion, albeit it is slowing, 242 00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:57,480 Speaker 1: it is still chugging along here, how does the Federal 243 00:13:57,520 --> 00:14:02,160 Speaker 1: Reserve Act going forward from your perspective, Well, they've painted 244 00:14:02,160 --> 00:14:06,280 Speaker 1: themselves into a corner as far as I'm concerned. Um, 245 00:14:06,440 --> 00:14:11,560 Speaker 1: they cut once, build it as an insurance cut. I 246 00:14:11,600 --> 00:14:14,560 Speaker 1: saw some commentator make the point that when you don't 247 00:14:14,559 --> 00:14:17,000 Speaker 1: have another rationality, you can always build it as an 248 00:14:17,000 --> 00:14:21,600 Speaker 1: insurance cut. Uh. They were not very convincing as to 249 00:14:21,720 --> 00:14:26,240 Speaker 1: why they were doing it, especially. Uh. Make make two points. First, 250 00:14:27,280 --> 00:14:30,920 Speaker 1: if the problems are slow down in Europe and trade issues, 251 00:14:31,480 --> 00:14:33,880 Speaker 1: it's not obvious to me how a cut in interest 252 00:14:33,960 --> 00:14:40,440 Speaker 1: rates is going to solve those dislocations. It's not so 253 00:14:40,480 --> 00:14:42,600 Speaker 1: I think. I think that's one of the things to 254 00:14:42,680 --> 00:14:45,360 Speaker 1: sort of put in the back of our mind that 255 00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:48,400 Speaker 1: it's just not there's not much of a connection between 256 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:52,160 Speaker 1: at this juncture the problems they're trying to address and 257 00:14:52,200 --> 00:14:56,920 Speaker 1: the tools that they have to address it. Secondly, German 258 00:14:56,960 --> 00:15:01,280 Speaker 1: power kept referring to uncertainty about trade on certainty about 259 00:15:01,320 --> 00:15:07,080 Speaker 1: the global outlook. Well, to an economist, uncertainty has a 260 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:10,440 Speaker 1: special meeting. It means that you don't have an idea 261 00:15:10,560 --> 00:15:13,360 Speaker 1: as to what the probabilities are going to be of 262 00:15:13,400 --> 00:15:17,120 Speaker 1: an event occurring. That's different from risk, where you do 263 00:15:17,240 --> 00:15:20,520 Speaker 1: have some way of figuring out what the likelihood of 264 00:15:20,560 --> 00:15:24,360 Speaker 1: these events. I don't know a single theory that says 265 00:15:24,400 --> 00:15:28,760 Speaker 1: that Paul's monetary policy helps to deal with uncertainty. So 266 00:15:28,880 --> 00:15:31,840 Speaker 1: I think I think they've really painted themselves into a corner. 267 00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:38,120 Speaker 1: And I guessed before the meeting that should they make 268 00:15:38,120 --> 00:15:42,600 Speaker 1: a cut, two things will happen. They will be criticized 269 00:15:42,920 --> 00:15:46,320 Speaker 1: by the President and the markets will be crying for more. 270 00:15:46,440 --> 00:15:50,160 Speaker 1: And that that appears to be what's happening. So it's interesting. 271 00:15:50,400 --> 00:15:52,480 Speaker 1: It's interesting, Bob. This week again a pretty busy week 272 00:15:52,520 --> 00:15:54,920 Speaker 1: in terms of data for the marketplace. We had a 273 00:15:54,920 --> 00:15:57,080 Speaker 1: good job report today, we had you know, a good 274 00:15:57,320 --> 00:15:59,360 Speaker 1: we had a rate cut by the Federal Reserve. But 275 00:16:00,120 --> 00:16:02,560 Speaker 1: sell off we've seen in the financial markets yesterday afternoon 276 00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:04,120 Speaker 1: and continuing in today, and we have the dial off 277 00:16:04,880 --> 00:16:09,920 Speaker 1: seven points right now. It shows where trade really fits 278 00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:12,440 Speaker 1: on investors right our screen, I kind of right up 279 00:16:12,440 --> 00:16:15,360 Speaker 1: front and center. So what is your sense as to 280 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:18,360 Speaker 1: how investors should be pricing in the risk of a 281 00:16:18,440 --> 00:16:23,760 Speaker 1: prolonged trade dispute with China. Well, I think, uh, first 282 00:16:23,760 --> 00:16:28,280 Speaker 1: of all, what that means is trade is not all 283 00:16:28,320 --> 00:16:31,800 Speaker 1: that important to us in terms of the volume of 284 00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:35,720 Speaker 1: trade our exports and imports. Most of our trade is 285 00:16:35,760 --> 00:16:38,600 Speaker 1: with Mexico and Canada, so you need to keep our 286 00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:42,360 Speaker 1: eyes on what's happening in that arena as opposed to 287 00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:46,880 Speaker 1: necessarily worrying about the goods coming in and out of China. Um. 288 00:16:47,720 --> 00:16:52,400 Speaker 1: We've also seen suppliers now moving supply chains to adjust 289 00:16:52,520 --> 00:16:55,560 Speaker 1: to it, so they're taking steps to try to chrishion 290 00:16:55,640 --> 00:17:00,680 Speaker 1: themselves from the impact of those trade wars. But I 291 00:17:00,720 --> 00:17:04,479 Speaker 1: did find it very interesting listening to the broadcast today 292 00:17:04,960 --> 00:17:08,119 Speaker 1: the number of different knock on effects that people have 293 00:17:08,240 --> 00:17:12,919 Speaker 1: been identified that fall out of these trade negotiations. And 294 00:17:12,960 --> 00:17:17,000 Speaker 1: I think in this particular case, uh, those that are 295 00:17:17,080 --> 00:17:20,960 Speaker 1: arguing that the Chinese are in no rush to strike 296 00:17:20,960 --> 00:17:24,600 Speaker 1: a deal is going to be really important because the 297 00:17:24,680 --> 00:17:27,040 Speaker 1: longer we go, the closer we get to the election. 298 00:17:27,640 --> 00:17:33,240 Speaker 1: If there's a downturn in flows of funds to farmers 299 00:17:33,320 --> 00:17:35,439 Speaker 1: and so on in the Midwest. That's going to have 300 00:17:35,640 --> 00:17:40,880 Speaker 1: significant political implications going forward. Uh. I'd like to make 301 00:17:40,960 --> 00:17:43,240 Speaker 1: one more point about the jobs market if I could 302 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:48,760 Speaker 1: go ahead. Okay, Um, we tend to look at the 303 00:17:48,880 --> 00:17:52,960 Speaker 1: number of jobs created as we assess how good the 304 00:17:53,040 --> 00:17:56,800 Speaker 1: job market is, but we forget that the economy today 305 00:17:56,920 --> 00:17:59,680 Speaker 1: is much bigger than it was in two thousand. It's 306 00:17:59,720 --> 00:18:03,800 Speaker 1: bigger than it was in nineteen sixty. If we were 307 00:18:03,840 --> 00:18:07,360 Speaker 1: to create jobs at the same rate we did between 308 00:18:07,440 --> 00:18:12,440 Speaker 1: nineteen sixty and nineteen seventy, that one and sixty five 309 00:18:12,480 --> 00:18:15,600 Speaker 1: thousand would be four times what it is. If we 310 00:18:15,600 --> 00:18:18,120 Speaker 1: were to create jobs at the same rate we did 311 00:18:18,160 --> 00:18:22,200 Speaker 1: between nineteen eighty and before the financial crisis, that number 312 00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:25,240 Speaker 1: would be twice as big. So while this is a 313 00:18:25,320 --> 00:18:28,040 Speaker 1: nice job number, we need to sort of put it 314 00:18:28,080 --> 00:18:31,359 Speaker 1: in perspective that tells us something's going on in terms 315 00:18:31,359 --> 00:18:35,000 Speaker 1: of the job creation and the nature of how our 316 00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:40,400 Speaker 1: economy is going and growing. That has implications for jobs. 317 00:18:40,920 --> 00:18:44,160 Speaker 1: That's that's an excellent point. Bob Eis and Bias, thank 318 00:18:44,160 --> 00:18:46,440 Speaker 1: you so much for being with us and giving us 319 00:18:46,480 --> 00:18:49,640 Speaker 1: your perspective. Bobby's and Bias's vice chairman and chief monetary 320 00:18:49,640 --> 00:18:54,320 Speaker 1: economist for Cumberland Advisors, joining us from Sarah Study formerly 321 00:18:54,680 --> 00:18:57,720 Speaker 1: was the executive vice president and director of Research at 322 00:18:57,720 --> 00:19:17,320 Speaker 1: the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Yeah. Car Kadonna of 323 00:19:17,480 --> 00:19:20,119 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Economics q f U S Economists was in here 324 00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:23,879 Speaker 1: earlier saying that the actual numbers of the job's report 325 00:19:23,920 --> 00:19:27,440 Speaker 1: today looked pretty good. You dig under that though perhaps 326 00:19:27,440 --> 00:19:30,040 Speaker 1: they looked a little less good, and again us a color, 327 00:19:30,320 --> 00:19:32,480 Speaker 1: some color of what's happening on the ground. Let's bring 328 00:19:32,480 --> 00:19:36,440 Speaker 1: in Becky Frankoitz, president of Manpower Group North America. Manpower 329 00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:39,879 Speaker 1: Group is the third largest staffing firm in the world. Becky, 330 00:19:40,000 --> 00:19:41,760 Speaker 1: thank you so much for joining us. So I want 331 00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:45,440 Speaker 1: to start there are there signs from your vantage point 332 00:19:45,560 --> 00:19:48,960 Speaker 1: that the US labor market is slowing down? Yeah, So 333 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:52,240 Speaker 1: we would say that July's job report was pitched perfect. 334 00:19:52,560 --> 00:19:56,080 Speaker 1: There were wage there was wage growth, workforce participation picked up, 335 00:19:56,400 --> 00:19:59,520 Speaker 1: and there were strong job gains. Now the taste of 336 00:19:59,560 --> 00:20:02,639 Speaker 1: growth is slowing. So year to day in eighteen, we 337 00:20:02,680 --> 00:20:06,159 Speaker 1: had about two three thousand jobs this time and now 338 00:20:06,240 --> 00:20:08,159 Speaker 1: we're having about a hundred and sixty five thousand on 339 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:10,760 Speaker 1: average per month. So the pace of growth is slowing. 340 00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:12,879 Speaker 1: But it makes so much sense, Lisa, because as we 341 00:20:12,920 --> 00:20:16,240 Speaker 1: have fewer qualified workers looking for work because they're all employed, 342 00:20:16,560 --> 00:20:19,760 Speaker 1: of course we're seeing slower job growth. So, Becky, given 343 00:20:19,800 --> 00:20:24,560 Speaker 1: that we are at or near someone's definition of full employment, 344 00:20:24,760 --> 00:20:27,800 Speaker 1: are you surprised that we're not seeing maybe better than 345 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:31,880 Speaker 1: three low three percent wage growth? Yeah, So July mark 346 00:20:31,960 --> 00:20:34,520 Speaker 1: twelve months of three percent or greater wage growth. So 347 00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:37,040 Speaker 1: we're encouraged by that. But of course, you know, the 348 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:39,639 Speaker 1: basics of economics would tell you we should continue to 349 00:20:39,680 --> 00:20:44,479 Speaker 1: see wages pick up based on supply demand. So, and 350 00:20:44,520 --> 00:20:46,719 Speaker 1: this is something that we have been expecting for a 351 00:20:46,720 --> 00:20:49,200 Speaker 1: long time, and it's been a little bit uh slower 352 00:20:49,240 --> 00:20:52,800 Speaker 1: to take off than people have expected. Where are the 353 00:20:52,880 --> 00:20:56,240 Speaker 1: main job gains, I mean in what industries? Yes, so 354 00:20:56,320 --> 00:21:00,480 Speaker 1: really encouraging. In July we saw professional and technical services 355 00:21:00,520 --> 00:21:03,320 Speaker 1: add thirty one thousand jobs, and about a third of 356 00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:06,600 Speaker 1: those jobs when computer systems designs and so we're actually 357 00:21:06,600 --> 00:21:10,280 Speaker 1: starting to see these the effects of AI and automation 358 00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:13,560 Speaker 1: come into new jobs in the workforce, which speaks to 359 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:16,640 Speaker 1: the fact that we have to start upskilling American workers 360 00:21:16,920 --> 00:21:20,280 Speaker 1: now again encouraging that we've seen more companies commit to 361 00:21:20,480 --> 00:21:23,640 Speaker 1: up skilling, so teaching, you know, people new new skills 362 00:21:23,680 --> 00:21:26,320 Speaker 1: for future jobs. We've seen more companies commit in the 363 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:29,520 Speaker 1: last two months than we've seen in the last two years. 364 00:21:29,520 --> 00:21:32,920 Speaker 1: But upskilling our workers for tomorrow's jobs is mission critical 365 00:21:32,960 --> 00:21:35,400 Speaker 1: for our country. Yeah, that's interesting. That's kind of where 366 00:21:35,400 --> 00:21:36,920 Speaker 1: I wanted to go because Lisa and I speak to 367 00:21:36,960 --> 00:21:39,280 Speaker 1: a lot of h C suite people and they tell 368 00:21:39,320 --> 00:21:43,640 Speaker 1: us one of their challenges is actually finding qualified workers. 369 00:21:43,720 --> 00:21:45,200 Speaker 1: What do you think what are we seeing out of 370 00:21:45,200 --> 00:21:47,679 Speaker 1: corporate American in terms of trying to address what is 371 00:21:47,720 --> 00:21:49,720 Speaker 1: I guess a high class problem that you can't find 372 00:21:49,800 --> 00:21:53,119 Speaker 1: enough qualified workers. Yes, I think I think it's actually 373 00:21:53,119 --> 00:21:55,719 Speaker 1: a problem across all sectors of the economy, Paul. So 374 00:21:55,960 --> 00:21:57,800 Speaker 1: you know what we're seeing is I spend my time 375 00:21:57,800 --> 00:22:00,440 Speaker 1: with CEOs across America like you do, is a ride. 376 00:22:00,880 --> 00:22:03,760 Speaker 1: Almost fifty of American employers are saying they can't find 377 00:22:03,760 --> 00:22:05,800 Speaker 1: the skills that they need, and so we have to 378 00:22:05,880 --> 00:22:09,520 Speaker 1: create the workforce that we need for tomorrow. Our population 379 00:22:09,560 --> 00:22:11,880 Speaker 1: growth in our country hit a thirty two year low 380 00:22:12,080 --> 00:22:14,840 Speaker 1: in in earlier this year March of this year. And 381 00:22:14,880 --> 00:22:16,879 Speaker 1: the challenge with that is the workforce we have is 382 00:22:16,880 --> 00:22:19,680 Speaker 1: the workforce will have. And so we are seeing companies 383 00:22:19,720 --> 00:22:22,480 Speaker 1: commit to upskilling, but that's just one piece of what's 384 00:22:22,520 --> 00:22:25,840 Speaker 1: required for success. To have successful upskilling, we actually have 385 00:22:25,960 --> 00:22:29,640 Speaker 1: to understand the potential of our workers, understand the jobs 386 00:22:29,640 --> 00:22:32,160 Speaker 1: that we're gonna need today and tomorrow, and then map 387 00:22:32,240 --> 00:22:36,320 Speaker 1: people through career paths into those jobs, which industries are 388 00:22:36,400 --> 00:22:39,840 Speaker 1: offering the biggest pay gains right now. Yeah, so again 389 00:22:39,920 --> 00:22:42,560 Speaker 1: encouraged this morning. You know, retail jobs were down about 390 00:22:42,560 --> 00:22:46,960 Speaker 1: three point six or UM, but we saw manufacturing increase, 391 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:50,040 Speaker 1: so that's exciting UM and the positive of that is 392 00:22:50,080 --> 00:22:52,199 Speaker 1: manufacturing jobs pay a little bit more than retail, so 393 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:54,880 Speaker 1: good to see growth there. You know, construction was up, 394 00:22:55,040 --> 00:22:57,679 Speaker 1: but we're honestly, we're seeing growth across the economy. With 395 00:22:57,720 --> 00:23:00,200 Speaker 1: the supply and demand we have in our country, it's 396 00:23:00,200 --> 00:23:03,359 Speaker 1: a great time to be an American worker. So, Becky, 397 00:23:03,400 --> 00:23:06,000 Speaker 1: one of the things that one of the uncertainties in 398 00:23:06,000 --> 00:23:08,600 Speaker 1: the marketplaces back kind of front and center. That's trade 399 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:13,639 Speaker 1: tensions with China. President Trump tweeting that the raising terrorists 400 00:23:13,680 --> 00:23:16,720 Speaker 1: are putting tariffs on additional three billion dollars worth of goods. 401 00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:20,200 Speaker 1: As you talk to hiring managers, are the trade uncertainties 402 00:23:20,280 --> 00:23:24,880 Speaker 1: impacting their confidence as it relates to hiring or expanding. Yeah, 403 00:23:24,880 --> 00:23:27,440 Speaker 1: I would say, of course it's a topic of conversation, 404 00:23:27,560 --> 00:23:30,600 Speaker 1: but we're not seeing that pull through into action. Despite 405 00:23:30,680 --> 00:23:34,600 Speaker 1: the uncertainty around trade. Americans are increasingly positive and this 406 00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:37,840 Speaker 1: plus job market and so are employers, and so we're 407 00:23:37,920 --> 00:23:41,720 Speaker 1: continuing to see demand increase for qualified workers. And yes, 408 00:23:41,800 --> 00:23:44,320 Speaker 1: of course the conversation is concerned over trade, but it 409 00:23:44,400 --> 00:23:47,159 Speaker 1: is not translating into the slowdown of powering. Okay, this 410 00:23:47,200 --> 00:23:49,280 Speaker 1: is yet, Okay, this is really interesting. So it's not 411 00:23:49,359 --> 00:23:52,679 Speaker 1: contributing to a slowdown in hiring. What are you hearing 412 00:23:52,760 --> 00:23:55,960 Speaker 1: from businesses in terms of when it will or in 413 00:23:56,040 --> 00:23:59,000 Speaker 1: other words, when they will start to pair back, how 414 00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:02,960 Speaker 1: much they commit to future businesses based on concerns or 415 00:24:03,200 --> 00:24:06,959 Speaker 1: the reality of ongoing trade tensions. Yeah, we're seeing a 416 00:24:06,960 --> 00:24:09,840 Speaker 1: wait and see approach honestly, where companies are saying, hey, 417 00:24:09,840 --> 00:24:12,359 Speaker 1: we're going to continue to it because the fear is 418 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:14,879 Speaker 1: if I don't put my job request out there, I 419 00:24:14,960 --> 00:24:17,320 Speaker 1: might miss an opportunity for a worker that would be 420 00:24:17,320 --> 00:24:19,720 Speaker 1: willing to switch to my company, and so wait and 421 00:24:19,760 --> 00:24:23,240 Speaker 1: see in terms of talking about trade, but not changing behavior, 422 00:24:23,359 --> 00:24:25,639 Speaker 1: but continuing to post jobs. In fact, we do a 423 00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:30,199 Speaker 1: Manpower group, a Manpower Employment Outlook survey, and candidly for 424 00:24:30,320 --> 00:24:33,320 Speaker 1: Q three, we saw a ten year high in intention 425 00:24:33,359 --> 00:24:36,120 Speaker 1: to hire in our U S economy. So people still 426 00:24:36,160 --> 00:24:39,359 Speaker 1: intend to hire even with that uncertainty. So beggy looking 427 00:24:39,520 --> 00:24:42,240 Speaker 1: at you think about your survey work or just discussions 428 00:24:42,240 --> 00:24:46,199 Speaker 1: with hiring managers. Are you seeing geographic particular areas of 429 00:24:46,240 --> 00:24:49,399 Speaker 1: strength and our weakness in the US? Now we're you know, 430 00:24:49,440 --> 00:24:52,280 Speaker 1: of course there's there's variety across the cities, but we're 431 00:24:52,280 --> 00:24:54,840 Speaker 1: seeing a lot of strength across all four areas of 432 00:24:54,880 --> 00:24:58,320 Speaker 1: the country, whether it's you know, north, southwest or east UM. 433 00:24:58,320 --> 00:25:00,880 Speaker 1: And so continued to see opportunity be regardless of where 434 00:25:00,880 --> 00:25:02,840 Speaker 1: you live in the country. You know. The other interesting 435 00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:05,280 Speaker 1: thing about today's job reports is, you know, I mentioned 436 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:08,960 Speaker 1: we saw workforce participation pick up. The total labor force 437 00:25:09,119 --> 00:25:12,080 Speaker 1: set a record high, and so again there are jobs 438 00:25:12,080 --> 00:25:14,760 Speaker 1: geographically across the country, and we saw three hundred and 439 00:25:14,800 --> 00:25:17,879 Speaker 1: seventy thousand new workers come into the labor force. I 440 00:25:17,920 --> 00:25:20,200 Speaker 1: did some math this morning. That's like the entire city 441 00:25:20,200 --> 00:25:22,600 Speaker 1: of Tampa, Florida, coming into the workforce in one month. 442 00:25:23,280 --> 00:25:25,440 Speaker 1: Thank you, Frank Witz, Thank you so much for joining 443 00:25:25,520 --> 00:25:28,159 Speaker 1: us on this job's Friday. Becky is the president of 444 00:25:28,359 --> 00:25:34,040 Speaker 1: Manpower Group North America, based in Chicago. Thanks for listening 445 00:25:34,040 --> 00:25:36,440 Speaker 1: to the Bloomberg P and L podcast. You can subscribe 446 00:25:36,440 --> 00:25:39,280 Speaker 1: and listen to interviews at Apple Podcasts or whatever podcast 447 00:25:39,280 --> 00:25:42,840 Speaker 1: platform you prefer. Paul Sweeney, I'm on Twitter at pt Sweeney. 448 00:25:42,880 --> 00:25:45,400 Speaker 1: I'm Lisa bram Woyd's. I'm on Twitter at Lisa bram 449 00:25:45,400 --> 00:25:48,639 Speaker 1: Woyds one. Before the podcast, you can always catch us worldwide. 450 00:25:48,680 --> 00:25:49,639 Speaker 1: I'm Bloomberg Radio.