1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:13,320 Speaker 1: M hm okay. Welcome to the Therapy for Black Girls Podcast, 2 00:00:13,840 --> 00:00:18,720 Speaker 1: a weekly conversation about mental health, personal development, and all 3 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:21,400 Speaker 1: the small decisions we can make to become the best 4 00:00:21,400 --> 00:00:25,760 Speaker 1: possible versions of ourselves. I'm your host, Dr joy Hard 5 00:00:25,800 --> 00:00:30,560 Speaker 1: and Bradford, a licensed psychologist in Atlanta, Georgia. For more 6 00:00:30,640 --> 00:00:34,640 Speaker 1: information or to find a therapist in your area, visit 7 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:38,760 Speaker 1: our website at Therapy for Black Girls dot com. While 8 00:00:38,800 --> 00:00:42,479 Speaker 1: I hope you love listening to and learning from the podcast, 9 00:00:42,960 --> 00:00:46,080 Speaker 1: it is not meant to be a substitute for relationship 10 00:00:46,159 --> 00:00:57,400 Speaker 1: with a licensed mental health professional. Hey y'all, thanks so 11 00:00:57,480 --> 00:01:00,360 Speaker 1: much for joining me for session of the Epy for 12 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:04,280 Speaker 1: Black Girl's podcast. You've likely been following the news related 13 00:01:04,319 --> 00:01:07,920 Speaker 1: to the recently developed COVID nineteen vaccines, and if you're 14 00:01:07,959 --> 00:01:11,840 Speaker 1: like me, you've got lots of questions. Last week, I 15 00:01:11,880 --> 00:01:15,480 Speaker 1: had the opportunity to chat with Dr Blohoma cabin to Tanji, 16 00:01:15,959 --> 00:01:20,080 Speaker 1: who's an infectious disease physician and clinical researcher pursuing a 17 00:01:20,080 --> 00:01:24,000 Speaker 1: fellowship at Emory University School of Medicine here in Atlanta, Georgia. 18 00:01:24,560 --> 00:01:27,840 Speaker 1: Our conversation was made possible through our partnership with medi 19 00:01:27,920 --> 00:01:32,560 Speaker 1: Q through an educational grant from the Coverius Community Healthcare Foundation. 20 00:01:33,200 --> 00:01:36,200 Speaker 1: Dr to Tangi shared how this vaccine is different than 21 00:01:36,240 --> 00:01:39,480 Speaker 1: others we may have taken, how the vaccine was able 22 00:01:39,520 --> 00:01:42,759 Speaker 1: to be developed so quickly, and what we might expect 23 00:01:42,840 --> 00:01:47,039 Speaker 1: after taking the vaccination. I definitely learned a lot and 24 00:01:47,120 --> 00:01:49,400 Speaker 1: hope that it will be enlightening for you as well. 25 00:01:50,160 --> 00:01:57,160 Speaker 1: Here's our conversation. Well, thank you all so much for 26 00:01:57,280 --> 00:01:59,880 Speaker 1: joining us today. I hope that as many people as 27 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:02,040 Speaker 1: possible will help will be able to join us for 28 00:02:02,080 --> 00:02:05,280 Speaker 1: this conversation. If there's somebody in your family and your 29 00:02:05,320 --> 00:02:08,240 Speaker 1: circles who you know could benefit from this conversation and 30 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:10,880 Speaker 1: perhaps be able to ask a question to get some answers, 31 00:02:11,200 --> 00:02:14,040 Speaker 1: then please invite them and share this on your pages. 32 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:16,840 Speaker 1: I am Dr Joy Hart and Bradford. I'm a licensed 33 00:02:16,840 --> 00:02:20,000 Speaker 1: psychologist in Atlanta, Georgia and also the founder of Therapy 34 00:02:20,040 --> 00:02:22,840 Speaker 1: for Black Girls, and I'm very excited to be in 35 00:02:22,919 --> 00:02:27,840 Speaker 1: conversation today with Dr Bohoma Combison to Tanji and she 36 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:31,520 Speaker 1: is an infectious disease physician in clinical researcher pursuing a 37 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:34,919 Speaker 1: fellowship at Emory University School of Medicine. Here in Atlanta, 38 00:02:34,919 --> 00:02:38,480 Speaker 1: Georgia as well. Dr Tutanji is passionate about how clinical 39 00:02:38,520 --> 00:02:42,320 Speaker 1: research can be directly translated into policies that impact the 40 00:02:42,400 --> 00:02:46,600 Speaker 1: lives of vulnerable patient populations. So super thrilled to have 41 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:49,520 Speaker 1: you with us today, Dr Totanji, this is such an 42 00:02:49,520 --> 00:02:53,240 Speaker 1: important conversation as today we're gonna be talking all about 43 00:02:53,639 --> 00:02:57,640 Speaker 1: um the COVID nineteen vaccines, and this conversation today is 44 00:02:57,680 --> 00:03:00,720 Speaker 1: brought to us in partnership with one of our incredible sponsors, 45 00:03:01,280 --> 00:03:04,280 Speaker 1: med i Q, and it is through an educational grant 46 00:03:04,280 --> 00:03:09,040 Speaker 1: from the Covarious Community health Care Foundation. So, doctors just henergy, 47 00:03:09,400 --> 00:03:12,600 Speaker 1: if you could start by just telling us what is 48 00:03:12,639 --> 00:03:16,639 Speaker 1: a vaccine and how do they work? Right, I think 49 00:03:16,680 --> 00:03:19,480 Speaker 1: that that's an excellent place to start, just to set 50 00:03:19,520 --> 00:03:22,800 Speaker 1: the stage for this conversation. I like to think about 51 00:03:22,880 --> 00:03:28,720 Speaker 1: vaccines as products that allow our bodies to make defenses 52 00:03:28,880 --> 00:03:33,519 Speaker 1: against germs like bacteria and viruses. That's the simplest way 53 00:03:33,520 --> 00:03:38,000 Speaker 1: of explaining what a vaccine is. And these products can 54 00:03:38,080 --> 00:03:42,080 Speaker 1: either be made from a modified form of the virus 55 00:03:42,160 --> 00:03:44,560 Speaker 1: of the bacteria, or it can be made from a 56 00:03:44,640 --> 00:03:47,240 Speaker 1: piece of the virus of the bacteria, or it can 57 00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:50,520 Speaker 1: be the information that allows the body to make a 58 00:03:50,640 --> 00:03:54,680 Speaker 1: piece of the virus of the bacteria. And generally, what 59 00:03:54,760 --> 00:03:58,000 Speaker 1: a vaccine does when it's introduced into the body is 60 00:03:58,040 --> 00:04:02,520 Speaker 1: that our bodies now actual defense mechanisms are able to 61 00:04:02,600 --> 00:04:08,279 Speaker 1: recognize that product and mount a defense and produce defensive 62 00:04:08,840 --> 00:04:14,160 Speaker 1: antibodies that can then allow us to fight the actual germ, 63 00:04:14,280 --> 00:04:18,160 Speaker 1: be the bacterial virus when we eventually encounter it. And 64 00:04:18,200 --> 00:04:22,240 Speaker 1: the vaccine itself doesn't cause disease. It just allows our 65 00:04:22,320 --> 00:04:25,960 Speaker 1: bodies to build the defenses that protect us against disease 66 00:04:26,120 --> 00:04:29,720 Speaker 1: when we encounter it. And so can you tell us, um, 67 00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:32,479 Speaker 1: We of course are hearing a lot about the COVID 68 00:04:32,560 --> 00:04:35,360 Speaker 1: nineteen vaccine. So the Flaves of vaccine I believe has 69 00:04:35,360 --> 00:04:39,680 Speaker 1: already been approved for FDA Emergency Use authorization initiated that 70 00:04:39,960 --> 00:04:43,640 Speaker 1: the Maderna vaccine will be discussed today to see that 71 00:04:43,640 --> 00:04:45,840 Speaker 1: one will also be able to be used. But can 72 00:04:45,880 --> 00:04:48,840 Speaker 1: you tell us about the new technology that is used 73 00:04:48,880 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 1: in this vaccine and how it's different from like a 74 00:04:51,360 --> 00:04:55,880 Speaker 1: typical flu shot that we get nearly Yeah, Um, when 75 00:04:55,880 --> 00:04:58,640 Speaker 1: we were faced with the pandemic that we've all been 76 00:04:58,680 --> 00:05:02,200 Speaker 1: struggling with for the path almost a year now, a 77 00:05:02,480 --> 00:05:06,599 Speaker 1: scientists and researchers started immediately working very hard to try 78 00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:09,440 Speaker 1: to figure out a way to develop a vaccine that 79 00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:13,799 Speaker 1: could help us fight the virus that causes COVID nineteen Stars, 80 00:05:13,920 --> 00:05:17,720 Speaker 1: COVID two, and the two vaccines so far that where 81 00:05:17,800 --> 00:05:21,479 Speaker 1: the two initial vaccines that were shown to be efficacious 82 00:05:21,839 --> 00:05:25,360 Speaker 1: are as you mentioned, the Fighter and the MODERNA vaccines. 83 00:05:25,880 --> 00:05:30,360 Speaker 1: And these vaccines are made from a new platform which 84 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:35,240 Speaker 1: is called the m RNA platform. So they are mRNA vaccines. 85 00:05:35,279 --> 00:05:40,200 Speaker 1: And what does this mean. mRNA essentially is genetic information 86 00:05:41,200 --> 00:05:43,840 Speaker 1: in this case for the STARS code to virus that 87 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:49,080 Speaker 1: causes COVID nineteen. It is the information that is able 88 00:05:49,279 --> 00:05:54,839 Speaker 1: to tell our bodies to make one piece of the virus. 89 00:05:54,880 --> 00:05:58,000 Speaker 1: And that piece of the virus that the body is 90 00:05:58,080 --> 00:06:01,880 Speaker 1: able to make is then shown to our bodies defense 91 00:06:02,080 --> 00:06:06,640 Speaker 1: system which generates those protected antibodies, so that if we 92 00:06:06,760 --> 00:06:11,520 Speaker 1: do encounter the whole virus itself, we're ready to attack 93 00:06:11,600 --> 00:06:14,920 Speaker 1: it and make sure it doesn't infect our bodies. How 94 00:06:15,040 --> 00:06:18,279 Speaker 1: is this new platform different from the flu virus that 95 00:06:18,320 --> 00:06:22,560 Speaker 1: we get every year? Remember when I was introducing what 96 00:06:22,640 --> 00:06:27,000 Speaker 1: vaccines are and what vaccines do? I said vaccines are 97 00:06:27,080 --> 00:06:30,159 Speaker 1: products that allow our bodies to mount a defense, and 98 00:06:30,240 --> 00:06:34,240 Speaker 1: these products can be presented in different ways. Right we're 99 00:06:34,240 --> 00:06:37,640 Speaker 1: trying to mimic an infection to try to get the 100 00:06:37,680 --> 00:06:40,560 Speaker 1: body to to mount a defense. In the case of 101 00:06:40,600 --> 00:06:43,560 Speaker 1: the flu vaccine, a lot of the flu vaccines that 102 00:06:43,600 --> 00:06:48,280 Speaker 1: we get every year actually modified flu viruses which are 103 00:06:48,360 --> 00:06:51,400 Speaker 1: weakened so that they don't cost disease when they injected 104 00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:54,560 Speaker 1: at us in the form of the vaccine, but again 105 00:06:54,640 --> 00:06:59,320 Speaker 1: allow our bodies to generate those defenses that allow us 106 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:03,320 Speaker 1: to then fight flu if we encounter the full the 107 00:07:03,400 --> 00:07:07,920 Speaker 1: unmodified virus. This is just the different platform, is just 108 00:07:07,960 --> 00:07:12,200 Speaker 1: another way of making a vaccine. And the reason why 109 00:07:12,240 --> 00:07:15,800 Speaker 1: the mRNA vaccines are kind of the first that we're 110 00:07:15,800 --> 00:07:18,800 Speaker 1: able to come through the door is although there are 111 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:22,960 Speaker 1: a new platform, they are a platform that lend itself 112 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:25,840 Speaker 1: to being to making the vaccine quickly. So we were 113 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:29,840 Speaker 1: faced with the pandemic that was infecting millions of people 114 00:07:29,920 --> 00:07:32,920 Speaker 1: literally around the world, and it's still killing and infecting 115 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:36,680 Speaker 1: thousands of people on a daily basis, so there was 116 00:07:36,680 --> 00:07:40,560 Speaker 1: a need for speed so use. This technology has been 117 00:07:40,600 --> 00:07:45,440 Speaker 1: studied for over ten years, but when this pandemic came 118 00:07:45,600 --> 00:07:49,200 Speaker 1: came to be that there wasn't immediately an urgency to 119 00:07:49,240 --> 00:07:52,040 Speaker 1: try to use the platform that would allow us to 120 00:07:52,080 --> 00:07:55,000 Speaker 1: get the point of a vaccine in the quickest way, 121 00:07:55,280 --> 00:07:58,360 Speaker 1: and that's how we got to the mr Anda vaccines 122 00:07:58,400 --> 00:08:02,520 Speaker 1: which are now being evaluate it for emergency use authorization. 123 00:08:02,880 --> 00:08:04,960 Speaker 1: And I just want to clarify because there is a 124 00:08:05,080 --> 00:08:09,000 Speaker 1: question in the comment section this vaccine. The COVID nineteen 125 00:08:09,080 --> 00:08:12,760 Speaker 1: vaccines that are currently exists, do not have any live 126 00:08:12,920 --> 00:08:16,880 Speaker 1: virus in them. What they do is give a signal 127 00:08:16,920 --> 00:08:20,000 Speaker 1: to your body to make the antibodies to protect itself 128 00:08:20,280 --> 00:08:23,000 Speaker 1: should you come in contact with the COVID ninteen virus. 129 00:08:24,080 --> 00:08:29,440 Speaker 1: Absolutely correct. The Visor vaccine and the MODERNA vaccine do 130 00:08:29,560 --> 00:08:34,960 Speaker 1: not contain any live Stars code to virus. They essentially 131 00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:39,400 Speaker 1: are a message or a recipe for the body to 132 00:08:39,480 --> 00:08:44,319 Speaker 1: be able to make one tiny piece of the virus. 133 00:08:44,440 --> 00:08:48,440 Speaker 1: Your body recognizes that tiny piece and then makes the 134 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:52,319 Speaker 1: defenses against it. And just to to give people um 135 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:57,440 Speaker 1: some context, the Stars code to virus itself has twenty 136 00:08:57,520 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 1: nine pieces. It needs twenty nine different pieces too from 137 00:09:02,640 --> 00:09:08,560 Speaker 1: a complete virus, but the vaccine is only information for 138 00:09:08,679 --> 00:09:13,000 Speaker 1: one tiny piece, so in no way is that tiny 139 00:09:13,080 --> 00:09:16,079 Speaker 1: piece able to then become a full virus in your 140 00:09:16,120 --> 00:09:19,000 Speaker 1: body if you get the vaccine. It's just the tiny 141 00:09:19,040 --> 00:09:22,280 Speaker 1: piece of information to allow our bodies to get that 142 00:09:22,360 --> 00:09:25,720 Speaker 1: response going, so that if we encounter the full virus 143 00:09:25,760 --> 00:09:29,200 Speaker 1: with all of its twenty nine particles, we're able to 144 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:33,600 Speaker 1: attack it and it would not make a sick. Thank you, 145 00:09:33,640 --> 00:09:35,880 Speaker 1: thank you so much for that exclamation, doctor to Changy. 146 00:09:35,960 --> 00:09:38,679 Speaker 1: That is super helpful. So, of course, there is a 147 00:09:38,679 --> 00:09:42,280 Speaker 1: lot of concern about how quickly ran You've already talked 148 00:09:42,320 --> 00:09:44,800 Speaker 1: about this, how quickly the vaccine was able to be 149 00:09:45,400 --> 00:09:48,520 Speaker 1: developed when we know that vaccines typically take a quite 150 00:09:48,520 --> 00:09:51,880 Speaker 1: a long time to be developed. Should we be concerned 151 00:09:51,960 --> 00:09:54,720 Speaker 1: about how quickly the vaccine was developed where there's some 152 00:09:54,880 --> 00:09:57,200 Speaker 1: steps that were skipped? Was this a rushed kind of 153 00:09:57,200 --> 00:10:00,320 Speaker 1: a thing? And I, first of all, I like to 154 00:10:00,360 --> 00:10:03,839 Speaker 1: say that I acknowledge that the speed with which this 155 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:08,360 Speaker 1: was developed can be something that causes someone ease and 156 00:10:08,440 --> 00:10:12,920 Speaker 1: anxiety in in in the general population. But I also 157 00:10:13,480 --> 00:10:16,320 Speaker 1: want to just kind of lay out why we were 158 00:10:16,400 --> 00:10:20,560 Speaker 1: able to to actually arrive at a vaccine so quickly, 159 00:10:20,679 --> 00:10:24,200 Speaker 1: and to emphasize why the speed with which we are 160 00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:27,840 Speaker 1: able to develop these vaccines do not in any way 161 00:10:27,960 --> 00:10:32,880 Speaker 1: mean that the safety, the ethics around it we're compromised 162 00:10:32,920 --> 00:10:37,520 Speaker 1: in any way. So things that happened during the development 163 00:10:37,600 --> 00:10:41,360 Speaker 1: of the COVID nineteen vaccines that we now have coming 164 00:10:41,400 --> 00:10:46,839 Speaker 1: into availability for the general population, where for one, there 165 00:10:46,880 --> 00:10:49,800 Speaker 1: was already research that had been done when the first 166 00:10:50,040 --> 00:10:54,000 Speaker 1: stars virus was introduced into the human population. Way back 167 00:10:54,000 --> 00:10:57,080 Speaker 1: in two thousand and three, the NIH set up the 168 00:10:57,160 --> 00:11:00,360 Speaker 1: National Institutes for Health, funded by the federal govern ment, 169 00:11:00,679 --> 00:11:06,840 Speaker 1: started a research program to develop vaccines against coronaviruses. And 170 00:11:06,920 --> 00:11:10,560 Speaker 1: this program was established since two thousand and three. So 171 00:11:10,679 --> 00:11:14,559 Speaker 1: when we had a new outbreak of a new coronavirus 172 00:11:14,600 --> 00:11:18,240 Speaker 1: that was introduced into the population and was causing a pandemic, 173 00:11:18,920 --> 00:11:23,080 Speaker 1: scientists all over the world were able to draw on 174 00:11:23,400 --> 00:11:28,320 Speaker 1: years of research on the first coronavirus outbreak that happened 175 00:11:28,360 --> 00:11:31,800 Speaker 1: back in two thousand and three and use that information 176 00:11:31,880 --> 00:11:37,640 Speaker 1: to speed up the process in getting this vaccine developed. Secondly, 177 00:11:38,200 --> 00:11:41,720 Speaker 1: m RNA vaccine platform, as I mentioned to you, lends 178 00:11:41,760 --> 00:11:45,000 Speaker 1: itself to to speed and to being able to go 179 00:11:45,160 --> 00:11:50,520 Speaker 1: from identifying the virus to developing a vaccine against the virus, 180 00:11:50,600 --> 00:11:54,880 Speaker 1: so that particular platform. Although with this is the first 181 00:11:54,880 --> 00:11:59,240 Speaker 1: time that we're using it widely, it has been studied 182 00:11:59,480 --> 00:12:04,800 Speaker 1: in much smallest studies for vaccines against rabies, against zica, 183 00:12:04,840 --> 00:12:08,520 Speaker 1: against influenza, but these vaccines have just not made it 184 00:12:08,600 --> 00:12:11,880 Speaker 1: through to the stage where they've been used widely for 185 00:12:11,920 --> 00:12:14,559 Speaker 1: a number of reasons. They were still trying to figure 186 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:17,559 Speaker 1: out ways in which too to be able to deliver 187 00:12:17,720 --> 00:12:21,360 Speaker 1: this UH in this platform and make it easy to 188 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:26,800 Speaker 1: use in a vaccine format. And the current situation, the 189 00:12:26,840 --> 00:12:31,360 Speaker 1: pandemic situation, increase the amount of funding into this type 190 00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:35,320 Speaker 1: of research to allow these steps to be done a 191 00:12:35,360 --> 00:12:38,680 Speaker 1: lot more quickly than when, for instance, companies are trying 192 00:12:38,720 --> 00:12:43,720 Speaker 1: to generate the funding by themselves to get these processes done. Thirdly, 193 00:12:44,040 --> 00:12:47,679 Speaker 1: the clinical trials that look at these vaccines. Because we 194 00:12:47,840 --> 00:12:51,520 Speaker 1: have so much infection going on in the community, we 195 00:12:51,600 --> 00:12:55,439 Speaker 1: are able to get answers much quicker because normally, when 196 00:12:55,480 --> 00:12:58,760 Speaker 1: you're studying a vaccine, once you have a vaccine candidate 197 00:12:58,840 --> 00:13:02,960 Speaker 1: that is being studied in thousands of people, you have 198 00:13:03,080 --> 00:13:06,200 Speaker 1: to give them them the vaccine and then allow people 199 00:13:06,240 --> 00:13:09,200 Speaker 1: to be exposed and see if the vaccine protects them. 200 00:13:09,679 --> 00:13:13,720 Speaker 1: We're currently having over two hundred thousand cases of COVID 201 00:13:13,800 --> 00:13:17,720 Speaker 1: nineteen in the US per day. That means that if 202 00:13:17,760 --> 00:13:20,720 Speaker 1: you take people and you vaccinate them in a trial 203 00:13:21,080 --> 00:13:23,920 Speaker 1: to see if a vaccine works, you're going to get 204 00:13:23,960 --> 00:13:27,840 Speaker 1: the answers a lot more quickly because there's so many 205 00:13:27,880 --> 00:13:32,439 Speaker 1: infections happening in the community that we're able to arrive 206 00:13:32,480 --> 00:13:35,520 Speaker 1: at the answer of whether this vaccine works or it 207 00:13:35,559 --> 00:13:38,200 Speaker 1: doesn't work. And that was the case for the Fiser 208 00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:43,040 Speaker 1: vaccine and for the Maderna vaccine is combined, both trials 209 00:13:43,080 --> 00:13:47,240 Speaker 1: included over about seventy people, and they were able to 210 00:13:47,360 --> 00:13:51,200 Speaker 1: recruit people quite quickly and get the results and get 211 00:13:51,200 --> 00:13:54,840 Speaker 1: the answers that told us about the efficacy of the vaccine. 212 00:13:55,360 --> 00:13:58,959 Speaker 1: Once we get all of these information, at the Food 213 00:13:58,960 --> 00:14:02,520 Speaker 1: and Drug Administration Sation, the f D A a completely 214 00:14:02,679 --> 00:14:07,640 Speaker 1: independent panel of scientists who do not have any financial 215 00:14:07,720 --> 00:14:12,440 Speaker 1: stake oh and will not profit from these vaccines, look 216 00:14:12,480 --> 00:14:16,400 Speaker 1: at all of the information to make sure that it 217 00:14:16,520 --> 00:14:20,360 Speaker 1: is safe, to make sure that it is efficacious, and 218 00:14:20,440 --> 00:14:23,920 Speaker 1: for the fires of vaccine, we also now have their 219 00:14:23,960 --> 00:14:29,600 Speaker 1: initial data that has allowed the emergency use authorization published 220 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:33,120 Speaker 1: in a major scientific journal, the New England Journal of 221 00:14:33,200 --> 00:14:38,080 Speaker 1: medicine and providers. Healthcare providers like myself have been able 222 00:14:38,160 --> 00:14:41,160 Speaker 1: to read this paper and look at the data ourselves, 223 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:44,800 Speaker 1: so that we can also know to advise our patients 224 00:14:44,880 --> 00:14:48,320 Speaker 1: on what we think about the safety. So, in no 225 00:14:48,520 --> 00:14:54,720 Speaker 1: way has the accelerated process compromised the ethics and the 226 00:14:54,840 --> 00:14:59,760 Speaker 1: safety of the vaccine. It has been thoroughly assessed and 227 00:15:00,080 --> 00:15:06,640 Speaker 1: it is safe to be administered in the population. Thank you. 228 00:15:06,920 --> 00:15:09,200 Speaker 1: So we have a really important question, I think from 229 00:15:09,240 --> 00:15:12,800 Speaker 1: the comments section, given the history of medical apartheid in 230 00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:15,600 Speaker 1: this country, why should I trust the medical profession even 231 00:15:15,680 --> 00:15:20,560 Speaker 1: if the professionals look like me. Yes, and and we 232 00:15:20,560 --> 00:15:25,880 Speaker 1: we cannot have a conversation around vaccines and therapeutics without 233 00:15:26,560 --> 00:15:31,440 Speaker 1: remembering that there have been medical atrocities that have been 234 00:15:31,640 --> 00:15:36,800 Speaker 1: uh committed, committed especially against minority populations in this country, 235 00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:41,400 Speaker 1: and people rightfully have the right to justification to have 236 00:15:41,480 --> 00:15:46,880 Speaker 1: a certain degree of anxiety. But I think that despite 237 00:15:46,920 --> 00:15:51,640 Speaker 1: the historical precedents that have happened, because of the conversations 238 00:15:51,680 --> 00:15:54,640 Speaker 1: that we're having, and because of the conversations that are 239 00:15:54,760 --> 00:15:58,760 Speaker 1: constantly ongoing, there have also there has also been an 240 00:15:58,760 --> 00:16:05,520 Speaker 1: evolution in in making sure that these historical wrongs are 241 00:16:05,560 --> 00:16:11,120 Speaker 1: not repeated. You have diversification in the scientists that are 242 00:16:11,200 --> 00:16:14,600 Speaker 1: where part of the teams that that developed these vaccine 243 00:16:15,040 --> 00:16:19,800 Speaker 1: And just to kind of plug uh, a black female scientists. 244 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:22,880 Speaker 1: One of the leading scientists at the ni AGE, kiss 245 00:16:22,880 --> 00:16:27,600 Speaker 1: Makeea Colbert, who led the development of modernist m RNA vaccine, 246 00:16:28,040 --> 00:16:31,320 Speaker 1: is a black female. And even when you look at 247 00:16:31,360 --> 00:16:34,840 Speaker 1: the trial participants and the people who led a lot 248 00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:40,520 Speaker 1: of these trials, they are minority physicians involved as well 249 00:16:40,560 --> 00:16:44,080 Speaker 1: as participants. So a lot has been done to make 250 00:16:44,160 --> 00:16:49,520 Speaker 1: sure that throughout this process the science is transparent. The 251 00:16:49,560 --> 00:16:55,880 Speaker 1: participation involves representation of voices that come from minority communities 252 00:16:56,280 --> 00:16:59,880 Speaker 1: that may have been mistreated and have been mistreated in 253 00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:03,040 Speaker 1: the past, to ensure that a lot of these things 254 00:17:03,080 --> 00:17:08,320 Speaker 1: that so distrust in our communities are not repeated. And 255 00:17:08,359 --> 00:17:11,920 Speaker 1: again that is why we have this platform where I'm 256 00:17:11,960 --> 00:17:15,080 Speaker 1: able to have a conversation with you, Dr Joy and 257 00:17:15,080 --> 00:17:18,800 Speaker 1: and present to the audience myself as a black female 258 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:23,040 Speaker 1: physician who is an infectious diseases doctor, to vouch for 259 00:17:23,080 --> 00:17:27,800 Speaker 1: the transparency of that process and to say that there's 260 00:17:27,840 --> 00:17:30,439 Speaker 1: a lot of work that has been done to ensure 261 00:17:30,480 --> 00:17:35,200 Speaker 1: that this is not something that is targeting minority communities 262 00:17:35,400 --> 00:17:39,560 Speaker 1: in a negative way. I trust vaccine. I can't wait 263 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:42,240 Speaker 1: to take it, and I will be taking it the 264 00:17:42,320 --> 00:17:45,960 Speaker 1: moment it becomes available in my institution. Thank you for 265 00:17:46,000 --> 00:17:49,159 Speaker 1: the doctors is Hanji. So there are reports that there 266 00:17:49,200 --> 00:17:52,480 Speaker 1: are multiple strains strains of the virus circulating, just you know, 267 00:17:52,520 --> 00:17:55,320 Speaker 1: similar to like the flu shots, right or the vaccine 268 00:17:55,400 --> 00:17:58,200 Speaker 1: is likely to be effective against multiple strains of the 269 00:17:58,280 --> 00:18:03,280 Speaker 1: virus for now based on the information that we know. 270 00:18:04,240 --> 00:18:07,640 Speaker 1: And remember that a lot of these Phase three trials 271 00:18:07,680 --> 00:18:12,400 Speaker 1: that have allowed the emergency use authorizations to happen started 272 00:18:12,440 --> 00:18:17,040 Speaker 1: in July of this year, so and the participants were 273 00:18:17,080 --> 00:18:21,040 Speaker 1: really followed up just since the moment that they enrolled 274 00:18:21,080 --> 00:18:23,920 Speaker 1: in the trial, and we're still kind of gathering information. 275 00:18:24,600 --> 00:18:28,360 Speaker 1: It's going to take time to determine whether the virus 276 00:18:28,520 --> 00:18:33,879 Speaker 1: changes over time to the point where this vaccine remains efficacious, 277 00:18:34,320 --> 00:18:37,440 Speaker 1: let's say one year out after you get the shot. 278 00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:40,960 Speaker 1: The information we know now is that in the short 279 00:18:41,080 --> 00:18:43,840 Speaker 1: term that they've been able to look at this in 280 00:18:43,880 --> 00:18:47,119 Speaker 1: the two months follow up after the second dose of 281 00:18:47,359 --> 00:18:52,280 Speaker 1: the vaccine. People who participated in the trial have a 282 00:18:52,359 --> 00:18:56,399 Speaker 1: protection that protects them against the circulating strains of the 283 00:18:56,480 --> 00:19:01,520 Speaker 1: virus that we have now. Virus is a tricky organisms 284 00:19:01,520 --> 00:19:04,960 Speaker 1: are treaty germs, and they tend to change over time, 285 00:19:05,040 --> 00:19:08,679 Speaker 1: and that is why we continue to monitor the people 286 00:19:09,080 --> 00:19:12,399 Speaker 1: who get the vaccine during the clinical trial and also 287 00:19:12,480 --> 00:19:15,280 Speaker 1: when you get it as an individual outside of the 288 00:19:15,280 --> 00:19:18,840 Speaker 1: clinical trial. There will be some degree of continued monitoring 289 00:19:18,880 --> 00:19:23,520 Speaker 1: to continue collecting information that would inform us on how 290 00:19:23,680 --> 00:19:28,080 Speaker 1: long the efficacy of these vaccines would last. So it's 291 00:19:28,080 --> 00:19:32,240 Speaker 1: too soon for us to definitively answer that question now, 292 00:19:32,320 --> 00:19:35,520 Speaker 1: but it is certainly something that we will be able 293 00:19:35,560 --> 00:19:39,560 Speaker 1: to provide more clarity on over time, and we will 294 00:19:39,600 --> 00:19:42,800 Speaker 1: know if this vaccines will protect for a long time 295 00:19:42,920 --> 00:19:45,480 Speaker 1: or if we would need to get a booster shot 296 00:19:45,560 --> 00:19:49,240 Speaker 1: every year or every other year as time progresses. Got 297 00:19:49,320 --> 00:19:52,560 Speaker 1: it okay? And so what should people expect when they 298 00:19:52,600 --> 00:19:56,639 Speaker 1: take the vaccine? What are the side effects? In the 299 00:19:57,520 --> 00:20:01,919 Speaker 1: studies that looked at the vaccine, A lot of the 300 00:20:01,960 --> 00:20:05,960 Speaker 1: participants who were in the group that received the actual 301 00:20:06,080 --> 00:20:12,280 Speaker 1: vaccine had UH pain at the side of injection. They 302 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:17,359 Speaker 1: had low grade fevers, low grade temperatures, some aches, muscle aches, 303 00:20:17,440 --> 00:20:22,920 Speaker 1: and and some fatigue that lasted generally about twelve hours 304 00:20:23,040 --> 00:20:27,000 Speaker 1: after the first dose, and after the second dose, which 305 00:20:27,040 --> 00:20:29,960 Speaker 1: is usually given three to four weeks after that first dose, 306 00:20:30,320 --> 00:20:34,440 Speaker 1: those symptoms lasted for a little bit longer. So I 307 00:20:35,480 --> 00:20:38,600 Speaker 1: would tell people to expect to feel like they're coming 308 00:20:38,640 --> 00:20:41,000 Speaker 1: down with a bit of a cold after they get 309 00:20:41,720 --> 00:20:46,080 Speaker 1: the vaccine. But that actually is your body's way of 310 00:20:46,240 --> 00:20:49,960 Speaker 1: telling you that your defense systems are actually cranking up 311 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:53,879 Speaker 1: those antibodies that will protect you in the case of 312 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:58,000 Speaker 1: you actually encountering the real virus. That's the body's way 313 00:20:58,000 --> 00:21:03,480 Speaker 1: of like responding to to something foreign and making protective antibodies. 314 00:21:03,520 --> 00:21:06,159 Speaker 1: So it's actually a good thing when you get a 315 00:21:06,240 --> 00:21:09,760 Speaker 1: vaccine and you get a little bit of a malaise 316 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:11,639 Speaker 1: and feel like you're coming down with a bit of 317 00:21:11,680 --> 00:21:15,760 Speaker 1: a cold. Usually that goes away within a few days 318 00:21:15,880 --> 00:21:18,840 Speaker 1: and should not be something that gets you sick enough 319 00:21:19,040 --> 00:21:21,600 Speaker 1: to land you in the hospital. It is expected. It's 320 00:21:21,680 --> 00:21:26,760 Speaker 1: important that people anticipate that this would happen, and that 321 00:21:26,800 --> 00:21:30,439 Speaker 1: should not discourage you from taking the second vaccine, the 322 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:34,240 Speaker 1: second dose of the vaccine, because the efficacy data that 323 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:38,280 Speaker 1: we have is based on people who completed their shots, 324 00:21:38,280 --> 00:21:41,080 Speaker 1: so they got the first dose and three to four 325 00:21:41,080 --> 00:21:44,639 Speaker 1: weeks after also got the second dose of the vaccine. 326 00:21:45,040 --> 00:21:48,760 Speaker 1: So very important to remember that if you decide that 327 00:21:48,800 --> 00:21:51,000 Speaker 1: you do want to get the vaccine when it becomes 328 00:21:51,040 --> 00:21:54,000 Speaker 1: available to you, to expect that you would get some 329 00:21:54,119 --> 00:21:57,960 Speaker 1: mouth symptoms. Those would not be long lasting, they would 330 00:21:58,000 --> 00:22:01,040 Speaker 1: go away, and you would They should not discourage you 331 00:22:01,119 --> 00:22:05,960 Speaker 1: from taking the second shot. God, because it does require 332 00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:10,240 Speaker 1: two shots. What is the time two doses? Sorry, what 333 00:22:10,640 --> 00:22:13,200 Speaker 1: is the time in between the first and the second dose? 334 00:22:13,720 --> 00:22:17,080 Speaker 1: Three to four weeks? So for both the FISA and 335 00:22:17,240 --> 00:22:21,480 Speaker 1: MODERNA vaccines, participants were given their second dose of the 336 00:22:21,560 --> 00:22:25,840 Speaker 1: vaccine three to four weeks after that first dose. Got 337 00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:29,760 Speaker 1: it okay? So can you still get covid even after 338 00:22:29,800 --> 00:22:34,600 Speaker 1: taking the vaccine. That's a very interesting question because the 339 00:22:34,680 --> 00:22:39,040 Speaker 1: studies that looked at these vaccines, the question that they 340 00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:42,919 Speaker 1: were trying to answer was does the vaccine prevent you 341 00:22:43,040 --> 00:22:50,560 Speaker 1: from getting severe covid? Getting you know, COVID that generates symptoms. So, yes, 342 00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:54,400 Speaker 1: we know that the vaccine prevented people from getting severe 343 00:22:54,800 --> 00:22:59,520 Speaker 1: disease of the time, but we do not have the 344 00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:03,320 Speaker 1: infamay nation as to whether it prevented you from getting 345 00:23:03,600 --> 00:23:07,920 Speaker 1: asymptomatic disease that is getting COVID and not having any 346 00:23:08,000 --> 00:23:12,520 Speaker 1: symptoms at all. And that question is very important because 347 00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: even after you get the vaccine, that is why we 348 00:23:16,359 --> 00:23:20,000 Speaker 1: are still stressing that you would have to continue wearing 349 00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:24,880 Speaker 1: your face mask, because if someone gets the vaccine and 350 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:28,960 Speaker 1: they're protected from having severe disease, that does we don't 351 00:23:29,040 --> 00:23:32,600 Speaker 1: know yet whether the vaccine protects them from getting an 352 00:23:32,640 --> 00:23:37,439 Speaker 1: infection which is completely without symptoms. And there's always a 353 00:23:37,520 --> 00:23:41,760 Speaker 1: risk that if you get an asymptomatic infection, you can 354 00:23:41,840 --> 00:23:45,800 Speaker 1: still pass on that infection to someone else and get 355 00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:49,960 Speaker 1: them to be sick. So while we gather the information 356 00:23:50,040 --> 00:23:54,200 Speaker 1: that would allow us to answer that question, people are 357 00:23:54,280 --> 00:23:58,800 Speaker 1: still recommended after they get their vaccine to continue wearing 358 00:23:58,840 --> 00:24:02,760 Speaker 1: their masks until we know more because the studies that 359 00:24:02,800 --> 00:24:07,240 Speaker 1: allow these vaccines to be authorized, we're not looking at 360 00:24:07,280 --> 00:24:12,000 Speaker 1: the question of does it prevent asymptomatic disease? It was 361 00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:15,800 Speaker 1: really just looking at does it prevent you from getting sick? 362 00:24:15,960 --> 00:24:21,280 Speaker 1: And the vaccines do of the time got it And 363 00:24:21,359 --> 00:24:26,080 Speaker 1: does the vaccine alto your DNA in anyway? Absolutely not. 364 00:24:26,359 --> 00:24:31,200 Speaker 1: So these vaccines, again our mRNA vaccines, they are genetic material. 365 00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:35,919 Speaker 1: But the cool thing about this messenger RNA. It is, 366 00:24:36,119 --> 00:24:40,400 Speaker 1: It is a messenger. Once your body reads that message, 367 00:24:41,280 --> 00:24:45,040 Speaker 1: it disappears like the snapchat message, or it disappears like 368 00:24:45,359 --> 00:24:50,199 Speaker 1: you know, uh uh, it just dissolves. It basically disappears. 369 00:24:50,280 --> 00:24:53,600 Speaker 1: So once your body is able to read that message, 370 00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:57,640 Speaker 1: the message doesn't linger. It doesn't get into the part 371 00:24:57,680 --> 00:25:01,359 Speaker 1: of yourselves where your DNA is. It doesn't in any 372 00:25:01,400 --> 00:25:05,040 Speaker 1: way modify your DNA. Got it? Okay, thank you for them. 373 00:25:05,119 --> 00:25:08,360 Speaker 1: There was a question in accountants, let's see, so can 374 00:25:08,480 --> 00:25:11,520 Speaker 1: immuno compromise people take them? And what about people with 375 00:25:11,600 --> 00:25:16,359 Speaker 1: things like diabetes? Certainly, and specifically to the question about 376 00:25:16,600 --> 00:25:19,639 Speaker 1: people with diabetes, in the finds of vaccine trial and 377 00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:24,320 Speaker 1: in the MODERNA vaccine trials, they had patients who had comorbidities, 378 00:25:24,440 --> 00:25:28,840 Speaker 1: so conditions like diabetes. When you talk about so, yes, 379 00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:32,159 Speaker 1: if you're diabetic, you can certainly get the vaccine, and 380 00:25:32,280 --> 00:25:36,040 Speaker 1: you should because you are in a higher risk category 381 00:25:36,119 --> 00:25:39,359 Speaker 1: to get severe disease if you did come in contact 382 00:25:39,480 --> 00:25:43,880 Speaker 1: with the with the virus and got COVID nineteen. Specifically 383 00:25:43,920 --> 00:25:50,320 Speaker 1: talking about immunocompromise patients such as pregnant women or people 384 00:25:50,359 --> 00:25:55,720 Speaker 1: who have had organ transplants. Those particular categories of immuno 385 00:25:55,720 --> 00:26:00,760 Speaker 1: compromise people were not included in the initials studies that 386 00:26:00,840 --> 00:26:05,159 Speaker 1: led to the vaccine being authorized. Now, the Emergency Use 387 00:26:05,280 --> 00:26:10,159 Speaker 1: Authorization recommends that if you fall into those categories of 388 00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:15,680 Speaker 1: immuno compromised persons, you have a conversation with your primary 389 00:26:15,720 --> 00:26:21,040 Speaker 1: care provider about whether or not you should take the vaccine. 390 00:26:21,119 --> 00:26:23,719 Speaker 1: So it should be a shared decision that you have 391 00:26:24,359 --> 00:26:27,720 Speaker 1: with your doctor, be it your your primary care provider, 392 00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:31,320 Speaker 1: it could be your nurse practitioner or whoever is the 393 00:26:31,400 --> 00:26:34,800 Speaker 1: doctor with whom you're having your primary care and they 394 00:26:34,840 --> 00:26:39,040 Speaker 1: would review that information with you to make an informed 395 00:26:39,080 --> 00:26:43,080 Speaker 1: decision on whether that vaccine is appropriate for you. So 396 00:26:43,440 --> 00:26:47,720 Speaker 1: there are pregnant women who are opting even now that 397 00:26:47,760 --> 00:26:51,879 Speaker 1: we are already rolling out the FISA vaccine amongst frontline 398 00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:56,600 Speaker 1: care workers, and it wasn't formally tested in pregnant women, 399 00:26:56,920 --> 00:27:00,280 Speaker 1: But the EU way allows pregnant women to make that 400 00:27:00,440 --> 00:27:05,080 Speaker 1: decision after a shared discussion with their provider, and the 401 00:27:05,160 --> 00:27:07,919 Speaker 1: same that's the same for other people with other immuno 402 00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:11,240 Speaker 1: compromising conditions go and that would be the same for 403 00:27:11,400 --> 00:27:15,040 Speaker 1: nursing mothers as well. Nursing mothers as well. That is 404 00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:18,240 Speaker 1: that is correct. So again you have to talk to 405 00:27:18,240 --> 00:27:20,320 Speaker 1: talk with your doctor about it and then make a 406 00:27:20,359 --> 00:27:24,159 Speaker 1: shared decision. So what about if you've already had COVID, 407 00:27:24,200 --> 00:27:26,639 Speaker 1: would you suggest that they be vaccinated as well? Do 408 00:27:26,720 --> 00:27:29,520 Speaker 1: they need to take the VAD scene. Yeah, that's a 409 00:27:29,640 --> 00:27:32,919 Speaker 1: very interesting question because one of the things that we 410 00:27:33,040 --> 00:27:37,439 Speaker 1: don't know yet is when you get covid um you 411 00:27:37,480 --> 00:27:40,000 Speaker 1: get a natural infection of COVID and you get the 412 00:27:40,200 --> 00:27:43,640 Speaker 1: you recover. We know that people who recover from COVID 413 00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:48,040 Speaker 1: have a certain degree of immunity to to the virus, 414 00:27:48,080 --> 00:27:51,480 Speaker 1: but we don't know how long that immunity lasts. And 415 00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:55,280 Speaker 1: we also now know that there have been people who 416 00:27:55,320 --> 00:27:59,600 Speaker 1: have had COVID more than once. They have their few cases. 417 00:28:00,160 --> 00:28:03,520 Speaker 1: We're seeing a couple of cases that have occurred people 418 00:28:03,520 --> 00:28:07,560 Speaker 1: who had COVID recovered and then they had another infection. So, 419 00:28:09,000 --> 00:28:12,800 Speaker 1: because we don't know how long the protection you get 420 00:28:13,040 --> 00:28:17,239 Speaker 1: from a natural infection last, it is still recommended that 421 00:28:17,280 --> 00:28:21,199 Speaker 1: even if you've had COVID before and recovered, if the 422 00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:26,520 Speaker 1: vaccine becomes available to you, you should still take it. Now, 423 00:28:26,560 --> 00:28:29,959 Speaker 1: if you just got COVID like two weeks ago and 424 00:28:30,040 --> 00:28:34,040 Speaker 1: you have the vaccine available to you today, it is 425 00:28:34,119 --> 00:28:37,600 Speaker 1: reasonable to say that because they're limited doses and I 426 00:28:37,640 --> 00:28:40,520 Speaker 1: know I have protection at least for some time, I 427 00:28:40,560 --> 00:28:44,200 Speaker 1: can let people who haven't had COVID yet go a 428 00:28:44,240 --> 00:28:46,920 Speaker 1: little bit ahead of me on the queue. But that 429 00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:49,880 Speaker 1: doesn't mean that you should not take it eventually if 430 00:28:49,880 --> 00:28:55,280 Speaker 1: it becomes more widely available. So to answer the questions, simply, 431 00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:59,200 Speaker 1: if you've had COVID before, even when the vaccines become 432 00:28:59,240 --> 00:29:02,480 Speaker 1: available to you, if you want to get the vaccine, 433 00:29:02,520 --> 00:29:05,600 Speaker 1: you should definitely get it. And I spent off of 434 00:29:05,640 --> 00:29:08,720 Speaker 1: that question, Um, what if your COVID if you would 435 00:29:08,720 --> 00:29:11,360 Speaker 1: test cope positive for COVID nineteen now but you don't 436 00:29:11,400 --> 00:29:13,680 Speaker 1: know it and take the vaccine, or is there a 437 00:29:13,720 --> 00:29:16,640 Speaker 1: test that it happens before you even get the vaccine. 438 00:29:17,440 --> 00:29:20,560 Speaker 1: We don't. We're not routinely testing people for COVID nineteen 439 00:29:20,680 --> 00:29:24,520 Speaker 1: before we give the vaccine. Just to to keep it simple, 440 00:29:25,120 --> 00:29:28,040 Speaker 1: right now, we don't have a clear indication as to 441 00:29:28,880 --> 00:29:31,960 Speaker 1: what would happen if you got the vaccine when your 442 00:29:31,960 --> 00:29:34,760 Speaker 1: body already had when you already had COVID. For instance, 443 00:29:34,760 --> 00:29:38,040 Speaker 1: if you have any symptomatic infection, and you've got the vaccine. 444 00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:42,240 Speaker 1: What would that mean for the vaccine's efficacy. We don't 445 00:29:42,280 --> 00:29:46,880 Speaker 1: have that information, and just because that wasn't specifically looked 446 00:29:46,920 --> 00:29:50,080 Speaker 1: at in the studies that looked at the vaccine. But 447 00:29:50,200 --> 00:29:55,360 Speaker 1: I want to remind our audience that we are continuing 448 00:29:55,400 --> 00:29:59,160 Speaker 1: to collect information even as we roll out the vaccine, 449 00:29:59,760 --> 00:30:02,800 Speaker 1: and a lot will gain more clarity on a lot 450 00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:06,760 Speaker 1: of these questions. As you know, we collect information and 451 00:30:06,880 --> 00:30:10,560 Speaker 1: more people received the vaccine, and we we understand a 452 00:30:10,560 --> 00:30:14,080 Speaker 1: little bit more the final nuances which are not the 453 00:30:14,120 --> 00:30:17,440 Speaker 1: primary focus of like clinical trials, which were just to 454 00:30:17,520 --> 00:30:20,680 Speaker 1: answer important questions to get us to the point where 455 00:30:20,680 --> 00:30:24,360 Speaker 1: we have the vaccine being distributed. Got it. So we 456 00:30:24,440 --> 00:30:27,320 Speaker 1: know that the clinical trials contained all adults. So I'm 457 00:30:27,320 --> 00:30:29,560 Speaker 1: wondering if you can say anything you know about like 458 00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:31,680 Speaker 1: the makeup of the people in the clinical trials. Do 459 00:30:31,720 --> 00:30:33,480 Speaker 1: we know how many people of color were part of 460 00:30:33,520 --> 00:30:37,720 Speaker 1: the clinical trials? And when might we know something about children? Yeah, 461 00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:41,800 Speaker 1: So there was actually tremendous effort to make sure that 462 00:30:42,240 --> 00:30:47,200 Speaker 1: the clinical trials were representative because obviously COVID nineteen has 463 00:30:47,280 --> 00:30:50,720 Speaker 1: really impacted on the minority communities, and we wanted they 464 00:30:50,720 --> 00:30:54,600 Speaker 1: wanted to make sure that these vaccines were efficacious for 465 00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:59,640 Speaker 1: all everyone, not just a particular demographic group. So for 466 00:30:59,680 --> 00:31:03,320 Speaker 1: the is A vaccine, they had nine percent of the 467 00:31:03,360 --> 00:31:06,800 Speaker 1: study participants, which was nine percent of about forty four 468 00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:13,960 Speaker 1: thousand participants where African American and about were Hispanic. For 469 00:31:14,200 --> 00:31:18,920 Speaker 1: Moderna's vaccine, they had about ten percent of African Americans 470 00:31:19,280 --> 00:31:21,760 Speaker 1: in the study participants and their trial was a total 471 00:31:21,760 --> 00:31:27,000 Speaker 1: of thirty thousand people. So the trials made considerable effort 472 00:31:27,080 --> 00:31:30,800 Speaker 1: to make sure that there was representation. For fires A vaccine, 473 00:31:31,000 --> 00:31:36,960 Speaker 1: the trial included individuals between the ages of sixteen uh 474 00:31:37,800 --> 00:31:41,640 Speaker 1: older than sixteen, so children younger than sixteen were not 475 00:31:41,760 --> 00:31:45,239 Speaker 1: included in the study and that's why the Emergency Use 476 00:31:45,320 --> 00:31:52,440 Speaker 1: authorization only authorizes the vaccine for people older than sixteen. Now, 477 00:31:53,240 --> 00:31:58,040 Speaker 1: Maderna's vaccine looked at, studied the vaccine and people older 478 00:31:58,040 --> 00:32:02,560 Speaker 1: than eighteen, and we will know probably tomorrow the scope 479 00:32:02,600 --> 00:32:06,840 Speaker 1: of the emergency Use authorization for that particular MODERNA vaccine. 480 00:32:07,360 --> 00:32:10,440 Speaker 1: Now when will we know for children younger than sixteen? 481 00:32:11,200 --> 00:32:16,000 Speaker 1: Those studies are currently ongoing. Fiser has just started a 482 00:32:16,080 --> 00:32:20,040 Speaker 1: study now looking at children between the ages of twelve 483 00:32:20,120 --> 00:32:23,400 Speaker 1: and sixteen, and we anticipate that kind of in the 484 00:32:23,440 --> 00:32:25,880 Speaker 1: middle of next year, we should start having some of 485 00:32:25,920 --> 00:32:29,560 Speaker 1: those results for this uh those trials, and they plan 486 00:32:29,920 --> 00:32:32,760 Speaker 1: after that to start looking at children younger than the 487 00:32:32,800 --> 00:32:36,160 Speaker 1: age of twelve, so we will get that information. Those 488 00:32:36,160 --> 00:32:39,400 Speaker 1: studies are very much ongoing by both FISER and Maderna, 489 00:32:40,000 --> 00:32:43,400 Speaker 1: and hopefully before the end of next year we should 490 00:32:43,400 --> 00:32:47,560 Speaker 1: start seeing more information that allows us to be able 491 00:32:47,600 --> 00:32:50,640 Speaker 1: to know whether these vaccines are safe and can be 492 00:32:50,680 --> 00:32:53,560 Speaker 1: distributed to our children as well. So we know that 493 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:56,160 Speaker 1: the more moderna in the FISER vaccines are the ones 494 00:32:56,200 --> 00:32:58,040 Speaker 1: that are both closed as well. FISER has already been 495 00:32:58,040 --> 00:33:00,920 Speaker 1: approved for emergency use authorization, but there are tons of 496 00:33:00,920 --> 00:33:03,200 Speaker 1: others it sounds like that are also in the process 497 00:33:03,240 --> 00:33:05,320 Speaker 1: of kind of getting to that. Please, is it the 498 00:33:05,360 --> 00:33:07,320 Speaker 1: case that there's gonna be one that's better than the 499 00:33:07,360 --> 00:33:11,040 Speaker 1: others right now? We we don't know, because we're still 500 00:33:11,080 --> 00:33:15,360 Speaker 1: getting the information trickling uh in. In terms of the 501 00:33:15,400 --> 00:33:19,160 Speaker 1: different platforms, the other platforms that they're looking at, the 502 00:33:19,320 --> 00:33:21,680 Speaker 1: m R and A platforms were the first to get 503 00:33:21,720 --> 00:33:24,600 Speaker 1: their nose through the door because they lend themselves to 504 00:33:24,640 --> 00:33:27,560 Speaker 1: being made quickly. Like I've said, but we will get 505 00:33:27,600 --> 00:33:31,520 Speaker 1: information from some of the other platforms, notably like other 506 00:33:31,560 --> 00:33:35,240 Speaker 1: platforms that may use UH an inactivated form of the 507 00:33:35,320 --> 00:33:39,120 Speaker 1: virus or just a piece of the protein of the virus, 508 00:33:39,240 --> 00:33:43,080 Speaker 1: or different ways of delivering the virul a piece of 509 00:33:43,120 --> 00:33:46,320 Speaker 1: the virus to our bodies. We won't know about those 510 00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:48,720 Speaker 1: um at the beginning of next year and kind of 511 00:33:48,800 --> 00:33:51,240 Speaker 1: during the course of next year. And once we have 512 00:33:51,400 --> 00:33:54,120 Speaker 1: that information, then we will be able to compare the 513 00:33:54,160 --> 00:33:57,760 Speaker 1: efficacies of the different vaccines that are coming out. And 514 00:33:57,840 --> 00:34:01,080 Speaker 1: until we get that information, it's too soon for us 515 00:34:01,120 --> 00:34:04,160 Speaker 1: to predict whether these will be more effective than the 516 00:34:04,240 --> 00:34:07,400 Speaker 1: modern and FISA vaccines. We just have to wait for 517 00:34:07,400 --> 00:34:10,360 Speaker 1: those trials to be completed. Then we'll get all of 518 00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:13,200 Speaker 1: that information. And will there be something we'll need to 519 00:34:13,239 --> 00:34:15,759 Speaker 1: have a vaccine for every year like we do the 520 00:34:15,760 --> 00:34:17,839 Speaker 1: food um the food shot that we get every year. 521 00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:22,080 Speaker 1: The answer is we don't know, and that's an answer 522 00:34:22,120 --> 00:34:25,200 Speaker 1: that we will only get with time, because again we 523 00:34:25,320 --> 00:34:29,600 Speaker 1: know that the vaccine protects us from getting severe disease, 524 00:34:29,880 --> 00:34:33,279 Speaker 1: but they've only followed up the patients who the participants 525 00:34:33,360 --> 00:34:37,520 Speaker 1: in the trials for a couple of months, and we 526 00:34:37,560 --> 00:34:40,840 Speaker 1: will continue to collect information and these people who are 527 00:34:40,920 --> 00:34:43,719 Speaker 1: vaccinated within the trial for up to a two year 528 00:34:43,800 --> 00:34:48,719 Speaker 1: period to know how long lasting that protection is. It 529 00:34:48,880 --> 00:34:52,560 Speaker 1: is possible that we would find that maybe that protection 530 00:34:52,960 --> 00:34:57,240 Speaker 1: decreases significantly after a year or so. I can't predict 531 00:34:57,280 --> 00:35:00,279 Speaker 1: because only time will tell, and that we might need 532 00:35:00,360 --> 00:35:04,600 Speaker 1: to have repeated doses of these vaccines. But it's we 533 00:35:04,760 --> 00:35:07,040 Speaker 1: just need to give it time to be able to 534 00:35:07,080 --> 00:35:10,359 Speaker 1: determine this. Got it? And what about people who are 535 00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:13,239 Speaker 1: not interested in taking the vaccine at all? Is this 536 00:35:13,320 --> 00:35:15,359 Speaker 1: the kind of thing that's going to be mandatory? Are 537 00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:16,880 Speaker 1: we not going to be able to go to school 538 00:35:16,920 --> 00:35:20,319 Speaker 1: to work if we haven't had the vaccine? Absolutely not. 539 00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:24,480 Speaker 1: This the Emergency Use authorization is not a mandate in 540 00:35:24,520 --> 00:35:28,080 Speaker 1: any way, and you can't force anybody to take a vaccine, 541 00:35:28,120 --> 00:35:32,520 Speaker 1: even a vaccine that is approved, So it's not going 542 00:35:32,560 --> 00:35:35,040 Speaker 1: to be mandated. And I think it's this is why 543 00:35:35,040 --> 00:35:40,759 Speaker 1: it's very important to have these open UH forums and discussions, 544 00:35:40,800 --> 00:35:45,560 Speaker 1: because really it's about giving people the information to get 545 00:35:45,600 --> 00:35:50,279 Speaker 1: people comfortable to make the best informed decisions for themselves. 546 00:35:50,320 --> 00:35:53,200 Speaker 1: But these vaccines are in no way mandated. But what 547 00:35:53,440 --> 00:35:57,560 Speaker 1: I can tell you as an infectious diseases doctor, and 548 00:35:57,719 --> 00:36:02,080 Speaker 1: as a scientist, is that the vaccines gives us a 549 00:36:02,160 --> 00:36:07,319 Speaker 1: tremendous tool to begin to envision getting out of this pandemic, 550 00:36:07,960 --> 00:36:11,480 Speaker 1: and it would only be a tool that is useful 551 00:36:12,160 --> 00:36:15,799 Speaker 1: depending on how many people are willing to take it. 552 00:36:16,360 --> 00:36:18,720 Speaker 1: Even if you have a vaccine that is a hundred 553 00:36:18,760 --> 00:36:23,719 Speaker 1: percent effective, that vaccine is useless if people refuse to 554 00:36:23,760 --> 00:36:27,359 Speaker 1: take it, because you can only get the protection if 555 00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:31,480 Speaker 1: you actually take the vaccine. I wonder if you can 556 00:36:31,520 --> 00:36:34,400 Speaker 1: say more about the doctors decunty, because I've seen things, 557 00:36:34,520 --> 00:36:38,040 Speaker 1: you know, talking about like seventy of the population needs 558 00:36:38,080 --> 00:36:40,560 Speaker 1: to have the vaccine for us to really um see 559 00:36:40,600 --> 00:36:43,040 Speaker 1: any kind of benefits. So what happens if we never 560 00:36:43,080 --> 00:36:46,200 Speaker 1: get to that se you know people are actually taking it. 561 00:36:46,880 --> 00:36:50,959 Speaker 1: When you when you hear about that sent number that's 562 00:36:51,040 --> 00:36:55,040 Speaker 1: usually referring to what we call her immunity, and heard it, 563 00:36:55,080 --> 00:36:59,400 Speaker 1: what is her immunity herd immunity is enough people in 564 00:36:59,480 --> 00:37:04,920 Speaker 1: the popul nation either get the infection and develop immunity, 565 00:37:05,040 --> 00:37:08,840 Speaker 1: or enough people get a vaccine that provides the immunity 566 00:37:08,920 --> 00:37:12,839 Speaker 1: against the infection to a point that there's so many 567 00:37:12,880 --> 00:37:16,800 Speaker 1: people who have protection against the infection that it prevents 568 00:37:16,800 --> 00:37:20,480 Speaker 1: the infection from spreading further in the community. That's really 569 00:37:20,520 --> 00:37:25,600 Speaker 1: what that's sevent threshold means. Now, if you were to 570 00:37:25,680 --> 00:37:30,120 Speaker 1: try to achieve this by just letting the infection run 571 00:37:30,280 --> 00:37:33,839 Speaker 1: free in the community and infect as many people, that 572 00:37:33,960 --> 00:37:38,760 Speaker 1: comes at a tremendous cost. Right now, we're losing two 573 00:37:38,760 --> 00:37:45,680 Speaker 1: thousand to three thousand lives daily from COVID nineteen infections, 574 00:37:45,760 --> 00:37:49,000 Speaker 1: and we also do not know the long the full 575 00:37:49,360 --> 00:37:51,839 Speaker 1: scope of the long term effects for those who don't 576 00:37:51,880 --> 00:37:55,160 Speaker 1: die from this. So it's too big a cost to 577 00:37:55,280 --> 00:37:59,360 Speaker 1: say that we will try to get se of the 578 00:37:59,400 --> 00:38:03,880 Speaker 1: population infected to generate protection and immunity to stop this 579 00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:08,480 Speaker 1: virus from spreading. What the vaccine does is it allows 580 00:38:08,560 --> 00:38:14,120 Speaker 1: us to still build that protection if enough people take it, 581 00:38:14,200 --> 00:38:18,000 Speaker 1: to stop the spread of the virus without the mass 582 00:38:18,080 --> 00:38:22,400 Speaker 1: casualties that we are witnessing. Now, you ask the question 583 00:38:22,760 --> 00:38:28,600 Speaker 1: of what if of the population does not take the vaccine. Ideally, 584 00:38:28,640 --> 00:38:31,239 Speaker 1: we want as many people to take it as possible. 585 00:38:31,360 --> 00:38:33,960 Speaker 1: That is the dream, that is the goal, That is 586 00:38:33,960 --> 00:38:37,480 Speaker 1: how we get out of this. But people have autonomy, 587 00:38:37,520 --> 00:38:40,279 Speaker 1: and people would make decisions for themselves, and we might 588 00:38:40,320 --> 00:38:44,240 Speaker 1: face a situation where only fifty of the population takes 589 00:38:44,239 --> 00:38:47,360 Speaker 1: the takes the vaccine. That doesn't mean that we don't 590 00:38:47,440 --> 00:38:51,600 Speaker 1: draw any benefit. It just means that that process of 591 00:38:51,600 --> 00:38:54,920 Speaker 1: getting back to life as we knew it pre pandemic 592 00:38:55,200 --> 00:38:58,279 Speaker 1: would just be much slower because you will still have 593 00:38:58,680 --> 00:39:02,000 Speaker 1: a huge segment of the population that is vulnerable to 594 00:39:02,040 --> 00:39:05,520 Speaker 1: the infection, who will continue to get infected, who will 595 00:39:05,560 --> 00:39:08,799 Speaker 1: still need to go to the hospital, and unfortunately some 596 00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:11,399 Speaker 1: of whom may not make it and would die from 597 00:39:11,440 --> 00:39:15,239 Speaker 1: this infection. So for those who take the vaccine, what 598 00:39:15,280 --> 00:39:18,640 Speaker 1: it means is you get protection. If your loved ones 599 00:39:18,680 --> 00:39:22,720 Speaker 1: take the vaccine as well, they get protection, things would change. 600 00:39:22,760 --> 00:39:25,640 Speaker 1: You may be able to visit your elderly mother who 601 00:39:25,840 --> 00:39:30,160 Speaker 1: has comorbidities without fear of passing on the infection to 602 00:39:30,200 --> 00:39:33,960 Speaker 1: her and potentially killing her with a deadly virus. So 603 00:39:34,800 --> 00:39:38,960 Speaker 1: it would restore some measure of normalcy. But it's going 604 00:39:39,000 --> 00:39:42,040 Speaker 1: to take time, and it's going to take as many 605 00:39:42,120 --> 00:39:45,960 Speaker 1: people as possible accepting to take these vaccines and not 606 00:39:46,120 --> 00:39:48,360 Speaker 1: to the sounty. Can you say more about what the 607 00:39:48,520 --> 00:39:50,960 Speaker 1: rollout looks like at this point if you know anything, 608 00:39:50,960 --> 00:39:54,800 Speaker 1: so we know right now health care workers are being prioritized. 609 00:39:54,960 --> 00:39:57,680 Speaker 1: What is the plan for like it being open to 610 00:39:57,760 --> 00:40:01,240 Speaker 1: the more general public. Yes, the rollout. In the initial 611 00:40:01,280 --> 00:40:05,160 Speaker 1: phase of the rollout following the emergency Use authorization, there 612 00:40:05,200 --> 00:40:08,800 Speaker 1: were a limited doses, so the CDC and the FDA 613 00:40:08,960 --> 00:40:12,279 Speaker 1: had to come up with a way of prioritizing and 614 00:40:12,360 --> 00:40:17,080 Speaker 1: immediately The first people who were prioritized residents of long 615 00:40:17,200 --> 00:40:23,160 Speaker 1: term care facilities who are particularly vulnerable to getting infections, 616 00:40:23,200 --> 00:40:26,719 Speaker 1: and also healthcare workers who have been on the front 617 00:40:26,800 --> 00:40:31,560 Speaker 1: line of this pandemic basically since it started. Now going 618 00:40:31,640 --> 00:40:35,840 Speaker 1: into next year, what's going to happen is that once 619 00:40:35,960 --> 00:40:41,080 Speaker 1: MODERNA also gets hopefully its own Emergency Use authorization this 620 00:40:41,160 --> 00:40:45,400 Speaker 1: week on next week, both FISA and MODERNA planning on 621 00:40:45,560 --> 00:40:50,400 Speaker 1: scaling up their production by a pretty tremendous amount. And 622 00:40:50,440 --> 00:40:55,200 Speaker 1: it's currently estimated that any American who wants the vaccine 623 00:40:55,200 --> 00:40:58,160 Speaker 1: and wishes to get vaccinated should be able to have 624 00:40:58,360 --> 00:41:02,080 Speaker 1: access to the vaccine by the middle of next year 625 00:41:02,239 --> 00:41:05,239 Speaker 1: and running into fall of next year. So certainly by 626 00:41:05,239 --> 00:41:09,479 Speaker 1: the end of one most people in this country who 627 00:41:09,640 --> 00:41:13,960 Speaker 1: are uh wanting to to get the vaccine will be 628 00:41:14,080 --> 00:41:17,640 Speaker 1: able to access it. But in the initial phases because 629 00:41:17,680 --> 00:41:21,960 Speaker 1: of the limited doses. They are prioritizing those considered to 630 00:41:22,000 --> 00:41:26,359 Speaker 1: be at highest risk of contracting infections. So what can 631 00:41:26,360 --> 00:41:29,400 Speaker 1: we expect when people do start to take the vaccine, 632 00:41:29,760 --> 00:41:31,719 Speaker 1: You know, are we going to be completely vacy like 633 00:41:31,760 --> 00:41:35,480 Speaker 1: a pre pandemic life. What can we expect. We are 634 00:41:35,520 --> 00:41:38,560 Speaker 1: all wishing that this could work like a light which 635 00:41:39,239 --> 00:41:43,520 Speaker 1: but keeping it on. Honest, it's not going to work 636 00:41:43,960 --> 00:41:48,439 Speaker 1: like a light switch. Because remember that in order to 637 00:41:48,520 --> 00:41:53,400 Speaker 1: get to that community protection, that herd immunity, you need 638 00:41:53,440 --> 00:42:01,480 Speaker 1: to get about seventy of the population vaccinated, and not 639 00:42:01,719 --> 00:42:04,520 Speaker 1: everybody is going to get the vaccine on the same day. 640 00:42:04,600 --> 00:42:09,080 Speaker 1: So when you get the vaccine, when I get the vaccine, 641 00:42:09,160 --> 00:42:13,120 Speaker 1: hopefully next week or the week after, as a frontline worker, yes, 642 00:42:13,239 --> 00:42:16,600 Speaker 1: I would still continue to wear my mask. Yes, I 643 00:42:16,600 --> 00:42:19,520 Speaker 1: would still continue to social a distance. Yes I would 644 00:42:19,560 --> 00:42:22,680 Speaker 1: still continue to wash my hands and do all the 645 00:42:22,760 --> 00:42:27,480 Speaker 1: preventative measures because there's still so many people in the 646 00:42:27,560 --> 00:42:31,520 Speaker 1: community who are not vaccinated, and we don't know whether 647 00:42:31,600 --> 00:42:36,799 Speaker 1: this vaccine protects you from having an asymptomatic infection, which 648 00:42:36,840 --> 00:42:39,880 Speaker 1: you can still pass on and infect someone who is vulnerable. 649 00:42:40,320 --> 00:42:43,360 Speaker 1: So it's going to take time a life to return 650 00:42:43,440 --> 00:42:47,680 Speaker 1: to normal. But I envision a situation where as they 651 00:42:47,760 --> 00:42:50,440 Speaker 1: roll out the vaccine in the community and it becomes 652 00:42:50,760 --> 00:42:54,880 Speaker 1: more accepted and more people take it, we will see 653 00:42:55,160 --> 00:42:59,560 Speaker 1: a certain semblance of normalcy with more freedom to travel 654 00:42:59,600 --> 00:43:03,040 Speaker 1: and visit are loved ones, with more freedom to to 655 00:43:03,400 --> 00:43:07,560 Speaker 1: interact with people without the fear that we will infect 656 00:43:07,560 --> 00:43:11,160 Speaker 1: ourselves or we will infect them. It's gonna take time, 657 00:43:11,239 --> 00:43:13,800 Speaker 1: but we're going to get there, and it comes through 658 00:43:14,520 --> 00:43:18,400 Speaker 1: making sure that people get the degree of comfort to 659 00:43:18,560 --> 00:43:22,800 Speaker 1: feel comfortable with taking the vaccine, protecting themselves and protecting 660 00:43:22,800 --> 00:43:25,839 Speaker 1: the loved ones not to desangy. A part of why 661 00:43:25,880 --> 00:43:30,080 Speaker 1: clinical trials for vaccine typically take so long um is 662 00:43:30,120 --> 00:43:32,560 Speaker 1: that we are wanting to kind of look at long 663 00:43:32,680 --> 00:43:35,960 Speaker 1: term side effects right of what happens after the vaccine, 664 00:43:35,960 --> 00:43:38,080 Speaker 1: and of course there is not the time for that 665 00:43:38,200 --> 00:43:40,360 Speaker 1: in this case because we are trying to like slow 666 00:43:40,400 --> 00:43:43,560 Speaker 1: down on the radar transmission of this disease. So what 667 00:43:43,719 --> 00:43:46,720 Speaker 1: about the very real concerns about we have no clue 668 00:43:46,840 --> 00:43:50,160 Speaker 1: what the long term impact of this is. That is 669 00:43:50,280 --> 00:43:53,640 Speaker 1: that is absolutely true. But one thing that we also 670 00:43:53,800 --> 00:43:58,400 Speaker 1: know about vaccine trials and vaccine studies for other diseases 671 00:43:59,000 --> 00:44:02,240 Speaker 1: license vaccine that are out there is that the most 672 00:44:02,280 --> 00:44:07,319 Speaker 1: severe and concerning adverse events are usually detected in that 673 00:44:07,480 --> 00:44:11,719 Speaker 1: short follow up period. It's much rarer to pick up 674 00:44:11,800 --> 00:44:16,640 Speaker 1: significant adverse effects during the longer follow up period. Can 675 00:44:16,719 --> 00:44:22,160 Speaker 1: this happen, Yes, but it is extremely rare, so there 676 00:44:22,239 --> 00:44:26,320 Speaker 1: is no way of me, or any infectious diseases doctor, 677 00:44:26,360 --> 00:44:31,760 Speaker 1: any scientists predicting what would be a long term effect 678 00:44:31,800 --> 00:44:36,160 Speaker 1: of these vaccine two years down the road. The adverse 679 00:44:36,200 --> 00:44:40,840 Speaker 1: events that happened that far out are exceedingly rare for 680 00:44:40,960 --> 00:44:46,160 Speaker 1: vaccines that have been approved and tested through years. That 681 00:44:46,360 --> 00:44:50,520 Speaker 1: is exceedingly rare. And that is why when an emergency 682 00:44:50,640 --> 00:44:53,480 Speaker 1: use authorization is put out like the ones that we 683 00:44:53,480 --> 00:44:57,400 Speaker 1: we have for these vaccines, the conversation is about the 684 00:44:57,520 --> 00:45:01,799 Speaker 1: risk benefit right there, trying into balance what is the 685 00:45:01,960 --> 00:45:07,120 Speaker 1: risk of putting this vaccine out there when we don't 686 00:45:07,160 --> 00:45:11,440 Speaker 1: yet have that long term follow up information compared to 687 00:45:11,680 --> 00:45:15,200 Speaker 1: the benefits of putting it out there, And in looking 688 00:45:15,239 --> 00:45:18,680 Speaker 1: at all the information that is available on both the 689 00:45:18,760 --> 00:45:24,040 Speaker 1: MODERNA and the fies A vaccine candidates the benefits by 690 00:45:24,200 --> 00:45:29,319 Speaker 1: far outweigh the risk. As it is being rolled out, 691 00:45:29,840 --> 00:45:33,719 Speaker 1: there is going to be continued monitoring to detect if 692 00:45:33,760 --> 00:45:36,960 Speaker 1: there are long term effects, and the same panel of 693 00:45:37,320 --> 00:45:41,319 Speaker 1: scientists who looked at this information and made that risk 694 00:45:41,360 --> 00:45:45,800 Speaker 1: benefit decision to advise on this emergency use authorization would 695 00:45:45,880 --> 00:45:49,320 Speaker 1: keep looking at this information to take in new information 696 00:45:49,760 --> 00:45:52,680 Speaker 1: as more people get the vaccine to see if there 697 00:45:52,680 --> 00:45:56,080 Speaker 1: are any alarming signals that can be like, hey, wait 698 00:45:56,120 --> 00:45:58,640 Speaker 1: a minute, maybe we need to roll back on this 699 00:45:58,760 --> 00:46:03,279 Speaker 1: emergency use of right stations. But those take time the 700 00:46:03,360 --> 00:46:08,520 Speaker 1: monitoring continues. Those sorts of effects are exceedingly rare for 701 00:46:08,640 --> 00:46:12,719 Speaker 1: vaccines that a license and are currently widely distributed in 702 00:46:12,760 --> 00:46:15,839 Speaker 1: the population. And is there anything we haven't covered, doctor 703 00:46:15,920 --> 00:46:18,200 Speaker 1: to Tangy that you think is important for the audience 704 00:46:18,239 --> 00:46:21,360 Speaker 1: to know about the COVID nineteen vaccines. I think we've 705 00:46:21,400 --> 00:46:25,400 Speaker 1: actually covered a lot of ground. But I would just 706 00:46:25,600 --> 00:46:29,640 Speaker 1: like to say this to to those who have been 707 00:46:29,880 --> 00:46:33,240 Speaker 1: been listening that I think a question that I often 708 00:46:33,400 --> 00:46:36,600 Speaker 1: often get was is I think people immediately when they 709 00:46:37,239 --> 00:46:40,560 Speaker 1: think about the COVID nineteen vaccine, they asked me, would 710 00:46:40,600 --> 00:46:44,200 Speaker 1: you recommend this to your mother or your or your father? 711 00:46:45,000 --> 00:46:49,040 Speaker 1: And I say absolutely yes, based on what we know, 712 00:46:50,000 --> 00:46:52,400 Speaker 1: based on the information that is out there in the 713 00:46:52,480 --> 00:46:59,719 Speaker 1: public domain. These vaccines have certainly much more benefit in 714 00:46:59,840 --> 00:47:04,000 Speaker 1: term terms of helping us combat this uh deadly pandemic. 715 00:47:04,120 --> 00:47:07,799 Speaker 1: I have seen people my age and younger in the 716 00:47:07,920 --> 00:47:11,080 Speaker 1: hospital in the I see you with COVID nineteen, and 717 00:47:11,120 --> 00:47:13,640 Speaker 1: some of them have not made it. And if you 718 00:47:13,719 --> 00:47:16,640 Speaker 1: get a chance at getting a vaccine that is able 719 00:47:16,680 --> 00:47:21,040 Speaker 1: to stop you from having severe disease, it is a 720 00:47:21,080 --> 00:47:24,279 Speaker 1: good thing, and I think that you should strongly consider it. 721 00:47:24,800 --> 00:47:28,200 Speaker 1: For those who are still on the fence, keep informing yourself, 722 00:47:28,440 --> 00:47:32,160 Speaker 1: keep being curious and asking questions, and reach out to 723 00:47:32,200 --> 00:47:35,839 Speaker 1: your health providers to have a shared conversation. And I'm 724 00:47:35,880 --> 00:47:38,799 Speaker 1: hoping that the more you you learn and the more 725 00:47:38,840 --> 00:47:42,399 Speaker 1: you hear about this, you would ultimately arrive at the 726 00:47:42,560 --> 00:47:46,040 Speaker 1: point where you feel that accepting these vaccine is the 727 00:47:46,120 --> 00:47:50,080 Speaker 1: right thing, both for yourself and for your lawls. So 728 00:47:50,120 --> 00:47:53,600 Speaker 1: there is an additional question, doctor Techangy, about whether there's 729 00:47:53,640 --> 00:47:57,440 Speaker 1: any evidence that the vaccine can cause infertility. No, there 730 00:47:57,520 --> 00:48:00,640 Speaker 1: isn't any evidence of that, and I I I know 731 00:48:00,800 --> 00:48:04,960 Speaker 1: that that information was kind of out there, put out 732 00:48:05,000 --> 00:48:09,120 Speaker 1: there by some of the misinformation channels, and they've been 733 00:48:09,280 --> 00:48:13,080 Speaker 1: I've seen people ask me if this vaccine alters your 734 00:48:13,080 --> 00:48:16,680 Speaker 1: placenta in any way at all. The answer is no, 735 00:48:17,040 --> 00:48:21,120 Speaker 1: and I'm reiterating again that the MR and A vaccine 736 00:48:21,600 --> 00:48:25,640 Speaker 1: is just a set of instructions that tells yourselves to 737 00:48:25,800 --> 00:48:29,600 Speaker 1: make that piece of the virus, and the moment your 738 00:48:29,640 --> 00:48:34,640 Speaker 1: body reads that information, that code and gets those instructions, 739 00:48:34,680 --> 00:48:37,759 Speaker 1: that MR and A is destroyed. So if you're a 740 00:48:37,800 --> 00:48:41,319 Speaker 1: pregnant woman and you have a placenta, it doesn't get 741 00:48:41,320 --> 00:48:44,160 Speaker 1: to your placenta, it doesn't crust to your baby, it 742 00:48:44,239 --> 00:48:48,640 Speaker 1: doesn't alter your fertility in any way. So that is 743 00:48:48,680 --> 00:48:51,319 Speaker 1: false information that is out there, and I'm trying as 744 00:48:51,400 --> 00:48:54,520 Speaker 1: much as possible. I hope that this answer provides some 745 00:48:54,560 --> 00:48:57,840 Speaker 1: measure of reassurance to the to the listener, who's who's 746 00:48:57,920 --> 00:49:01,399 Speaker 1: posing it? M H, thank you for that. And where 747 00:49:01,480 --> 00:49:03,880 Speaker 1: can we go down to the tangy to stay updated 748 00:49:03,920 --> 00:49:07,600 Speaker 1: with the most accurate information, like what websites um should 749 00:49:07,600 --> 00:49:09,799 Speaker 1: we be checking out to kind of stay abreast about 750 00:49:09,800 --> 00:49:12,680 Speaker 1: what's happening related to the vaccine. I I would strongly 751 00:49:12,719 --> 00:49:18,800 Speaker 1: recommend the CDC's website. They have a very accessible um 752 00:49:19,440 --> 00:49:25,160 Speaker 1: UH information website addressing frequently asked questions about the vaccine 753 00:49:25,239 --> 00:49:30,879 Speaker 1: in very simple language that anybody can understand and would 754 00:49:30,960 --> 00:49:33,480 Speaker 1: kind of reinforce a lot of the messages that we've 755 00:49:33,480 --> 00:49:36,200 Speaker 1: been able to get across to those listening today. So 756 00:49:36,600 --> 00:49:40,080 Speaker 1: top on my list is definitely the CDC's website, which, 757 00:49:40,880 --> 00:49:44,719 Speaker 1: besides telling you about what to expect with the vaccine, 758 00:49:44,800 --> 00:49:48,400 Speaker 1: also kind of tells you more information about kind of 759 00:49:48,440 --> 00:49:51,520 Speaker 1: how it will be rolled out, how it's prioritized, how 760 00:49:51,560 --> 00:49:54,920 Speaker 1: the monitoring would continue. So people should definitely check out 761 00:49:55,200 --> 00:49:59,000 Speaker 1: the public information on the COVID nineteen vaccines on the 762 00:49:59,040 --> 00:50:04,600 Speaker 1: CDC website. Also, the National Institutes of Health has a 763 00:50:04,719 --> 00:50:09,400 Speaker 1: very good page and frequently asked questions about COVID nineteen 764 00:50:09,480 --> 00:50:13,080 Speaker 1: vaccines that again walks through some of the questions that 765 00:50:13,160 --> 00:50:15,719 Speaker 1: we've tackled here and maybe some that we've not been 766 00:50:15,760 --> 00:50:18,239 Speaker 1: able to cover in the hour that we've been on 767 00:50:18,480 --> 00:50:21,920 Speaker 1: So those two are certainly good places to start with. 768 00:50:23,160 --> 00:50:25,759 Speaker 1: Thank you so much for the sangy um in the 769 00:50:25,800 --> 00:50:29,040 Speaker 1: methodk you has shared those in the um comment sections. 770 00:50:29,080 --> 00:50:30,719 Speaker 1: If you do want to read that further than I'd 771 00:50:30,760 --> 00:50:33,440 Speaker 1: invite you to check that out. I'm so appreciative for you, 772 00:50:33,520 --> 00:50:36,160 Speaker 1: doctor Decime. You're sharing your wealth of information with us 773 00:50:36,160 --> 00:50:38,440 Speaker 1: today Thank you to all of you who have joined 774 00:50:38,560 --> 00:50:41,319 Speaker 1: us and shared your very informative questions. We knew that 775 00:50:41,360 --> 00:50:43,440 Speaker 1: there were lots and lots of questions out there, so 776 00:50:43,480 --> 00:50:46,080 Speaker 1: we are just glad to be able to have partner 777 00:50:46,160 --> 00:50:49,000 Speaker 1: with men like you on another opportunity like this to 778 00:50:49,040 --> 00:50:52,279 Speaker 1: answer so many of the communities very pressing questions. So 779 00:50:52,320 --> 00:50:55,000 Speaker 1: the video will be available for replace. Or there's somebody 780 00:50:55,040 --> 00:50:57,440 Speaker 1: you know who may would like to get some of 781 00:50:57,440 --> 00:50:59,960 Speaker 1: this information who wasn't able to join us, do share 782 00:51:00,080 --> 00:51:02,399 Speaker 1: that with them as well. You all have a great 783 00:51:02,440 --> 00:51:09,399 Speaker 1: rest of your therapy, take your care. Thank you. I'm 784 00:51:09,440 --> 00:51:12,040 Speaker 1: grateful to have been able to chat with Dr Tutanji 785 00:51:12,239 --> 00:51:14,319 Speaker 1: and once you again share special thanks to the men 786 00:51:14,440 --> 00:51:17,560 Speaker 1: i Q team for making it happen. Please be sure 787 00:51:17,600 --> 00:51:19,880 Speaker 1: to share this episode with two sisters in your circle 788 00:51:20,200 --> 00:51:24,200 Speaker 1: who might also benefit from the conversation. If there's a 789 00:51:24,239 --> 00:51:26,759 Speaker 1: topic you'd like to have covered here on the podcast, 790 00:51:27,200 --> 00:51:29,640 Speaker 1: please adminige to us at Therapy for Black Girls dot 791 00:51:29,719 --> 00:51:33,080 Speaker 1: com slash mailbox, and if you're looking for a therapist 792 00:51:33,120 --> 00:51:35,680 Speaker 1: in your area, be sure to check out our therapist 793 00:51:35,719 --> 00:51:39,240 Speaker 1: directory at Therapy for Black Girls dot com slash directory. 794 00:51:40,080 --> 00:51:42,400 Speaker 1: If you're looking for a place to just be yourself 795 00:51:42,840 --> 00:51:45,759 Speaker 1: or to connect with other sisters in your area. Come 796 00:51:45,800 --> 00:51:48,040 Speaker 1: on over and join us in the Yellow Couse Collective, 797 00:51:48,320 --> 00:51:50,600 Speaker 1: where we take a deeper dive into the topics from 798 00:51:50,600 --> 00:51:54,120 Speaker 1: the podcast and just about everything else. You can join 799 00:51:54,200 --> 00:51:56,759 Speaker 1: us at Therapy for Black Girls dot com slash y 800 00:51:56,840 --> 00:51:59,960 Speaker 1: c C. Thank you all so much for joining me 801 00:52:00,040 --> 00:52:03,319 Speaker 1: again this week. I look forward to continuing this conversation 802 00:52:03,360 --> 00:52:06,080 Speaker 1: with you all real soon. Take good care,