1
00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:10,160
Speaker 1: Bloomberg Audio Studios, Podcasts, Radio News. Welcome to the Bloomberg

2
00:00:10,240 --> 00:00:15,920
Speaker 1: This Weekend Podcast with David Gura, Christina Raffini, and Elisa Matteo.

3
00:00:17,680 --> 00:00:20,600
Speaker 2: Thanks for joining us for today's selection of conversations from

4
00:00:20,600 --> 00:00:20,959
Speaker 2: the show.

5
00:00:21,200 --> 00:00:23,479
Speaker 3: You can listen to our favorite discussions right here on

6
00:00:23,520 --> 00:00:25,800
Speaker 3: the podcast, but also make sure to join us live

7
00:00:25,960 --> 00:00:28,960
Speaker 3: every Saturday and Sunday morning starting at seven am Easter.

8
00:00:29,160 --> 00:00:32,760
Speaker 4: We're on Bloomberg Television, Radio and the Bloomberg Business App,

9
00:00:33,040 --> 00:00:37,600
Speaker 4: bringing you unique takes and in depth interviews on news, politics,

10
00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:39,080
Speaker 4: lifestyle and culture.

11
00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:44,680
Speaker 2: Right now, Ron's Foreign minister is in Oman to discuss

12
00:00:44,720 --> 00:00:48,040
Speaker 2: the future of the Strait of Hoamews as US officials

13
00:00:48,080 --> 00:00:51,960
Speaker 2: are demanding around guarantee the waterway open and the attacks stop.

14
00:00:52,159 --> 00:00:54,640
Speaker 3: Join us now our Bloomberg Economics Defense Lead Bekka Wasser

15
00:00:54,640 --> 00:00:57,720
Speaker 3: and Bloomberg Economics Middle East ge Economics lead Dinas FONDIII.

16
00:00:57,840 --> 00:01:00,760
Speaker 3: She's the author of the book Triple Axis Relations with

17
00:01:00,840 --> 00:01:02,960
Speaker 3: Russia and China's so great to have both of you

18
00:01:03,040 --> 00:01:05,280
Speaker 3: with us on this Saturday. I'm going to read here

19
00:01:05,280 --> 00:01:06,760
Speaker 3: from the President of the United States. One of his

20
00:01:06,840 --> 00:01:09,640
Speaker 3: recent posts, The Islamic Republic of Iran has asked us

21
00:01:09,640 --> 00:01:14,000
Speaker 3: to continue talks in quotation fingers quotation fingers, I'll do

22
00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:15,640
Speaker 3: them there. We've agreed to do so, but the United

23
00:01:15,640 --> 00:01:18,000
Speaker 3: States has stated to them in no uncertain terms that

24
00:01:18,040 --> 00:01:20,959
Speaker 3: the ceasefire is over. Thank you for your attention to

25
00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:23,560
Speaker 3: this matter. Both of you write in a recent note

26
00:01:23,560 --> 00:01:25,520
Speaker 3: here that this is a familiar pattern what we've seen

27
00:01:25,520 --> 00:01:29,360
Speaker 3: play out over these last few days, strikes interspersed with talks,

28
00:01:29,600 --> 00:01:31,640
Speaker 3: and that this lower intensity conflict is going to be

29
00:01:31,680 --> 00:01:33,840
Speaker 3: a feature, not a bug as we move forward here. Dean,

30
00:01:34,000 --> 00:01:36,280
Speaker 3: let me start with you if I could. What do

31
00:01:36,319 --> 00:01:38,040
Speaker 3: you make of the moment that we're in. We mentioned

32
00:01:38,040 --> 00:01:40,600
Speaker 3: that there are technical talks supposedly underway.

33
00:01:41,400 --> 00:01:42,119
Speaker 5: Where are we.

34
00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:44,680
Speaker 3: As the conclusion of this sixty day period isn't too

35
00:01:44,720 --> 00:01:45,199
Speaker 3: far off?

36
00:01:46,920 --> 00:01:49,840
Speaker 6: Well, I think we are where we're going to be

37
00:01:50,040 --> 00:01:53,960
Speaker 6: basically for the foreseeable future. I don't think these talks

38
00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:57,800
Speaker 6: are going to make that much progress. Both sides red

39
00:01:57,840 --> 00:02:01,040
Speaker 6: lines are still too far apart. Side has really shown

40
00:02:01,040 --> 00:02:04,120
Speaker 6: any willingness to move towards the other. And in the meantime,

41
00:02:04,200 --> 00:02:06,600
Speaker 6: what they're doing is they're really trying to shape the

42
00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:11,120
Speaker 6: negotiations shape the sea spire Iran, for example, with its

43
00:02:11,160 --> 00:02:13,200
Speaker 6: attacks in the Strait of Hormuz, is really trying to

44
00:02:13,240 --> 00:02:17,359
Speaker 6: claim ownership over the Strait of Hormuz and demonstrate that ultimately,

45
00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:20,720
Speaker 6: you know, it's king there and the rest of the

46
00:02:20,720 --> 00:02:23,560
Speaker 6: world has to recognize it. And the US is trying

47
00:02:23,560 --> 00:02:25,720
Speaker 6: to get Iran to climb down from that position. So

48
00:02:26,480 --> 00:02:28,399
Speaker 6: I don't think things are going to change. I think

49
00:02:28,480 --> 00:02:30,720
Speaker 6: this is literally what it's going to look like for

50
00:02:30,760 --> 00:02:31,720
Speaker 6: the foreseeable future.

51
00:02:32,440 --> 00:02:34,800
Speaker 2: So Becca, what does that mean? Because you guys right

52
00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:37,040
Speaker 2: in your latest piece is a ceasefire over what this

53
00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:40,440
Speaker 2: strikes mean Now, Iranian officials believe that pressure and especially

54
00:02:40,480 --> 00:02:43,560
Speaker 2: bullying works with the Trump administration, and they're doubling down

55
00:02:43,600 --> 00:02:45,760
Speaker 2: on that tactic. You go on to talk about how

56
00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:48,760
Speaker 2: nobody has claimed responsibility for the attacks in the Red Sea,

57
00:02:48,880 --> 00:02:51,040
Speaker 2: but it could be an effort to show that Tehran

58
00:02:51,160 --> 00:02:53,880
Speaker 2: still has other pressure options that hasn't yet pursued.

59
00:02:55,560 --> 00:02:56,120
Speaker 6: Yeah, And I.

60
00:02:56,040 --> 00:02:58,160
Speaker 7: Think that's kind of where we find ourselves in a

61
00:02:58,200 --> 00:03:01,720
Speaker 7: really tricky position because Ron has a great deal of

62
00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:04,320
Speaker 7: levers that it hasn't yet pulled, the Red Sea being

63
00:03:04,360 --> 00:03:07,239
Speaker 7: a great example of that. But we see that kind

64
00:03:07,240 --> 00:03:10,760
Speaker 7: of bullying tactics also taking place from the Trump administration,

65
00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:14,640
Speaker 7: with the President routinely tweeting that you know, you know,

66
00:03:14,720 --> 00:03:17,880
Speaker 7: American missiles are locked and loaded on Iranian targets, and

67
00:03:17,919 --> 00:03:20,840
Speaker 7: so both sides are trying to retain the threat of

68
00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:27,000
Speaker 7: force to achieve their more geopolitical and geoeconomic aims. And

69
00:03:27,040 --> 00:03:30,440
Speaker 7: so I think, you know, to Dina's point, this is

70
00:03:30,800 --> 00:03:32,840
Speaker 7: going to play out over the long term. We are

71
00:03:32,880 --> 00:03:36,240
Speaker 7: looking at the potential for a protracted conflict, a long

72
00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:40,200
Speaker 7: conflict where you do have these cycles of fighting and

73
00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:43,800
Speaker 7: you know, rest and reconstitution in order to build up

74
00:03:43,880 --> 00:03:47,160
Speaker 7: to get ready for the next round of potential attacks.

75
00:03:47,880 --> 00:03:51,560
Speaker 3: Dina on the plasticity of the policies surrounding these meetings.

76
00:03:51,560 --> 00:03:53,640
Speaker 3: We had the White House putting this waver in place

77
00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:55,920
Speaker 3: that allowed Ran to sell oil on the open market

78
00:03:56,520 --> 00:03:59,120
Speaker 3: on Tuesday of this week, the reverse course on that,

79
00:04:00,040 --> 00:04:03,120
Speaker 3: And I'm just genuinely curious, sort of were I in

80
00:04:03,160 --> 00:04:05,520
Speaker 3: Tehran what signal that would send to me about the

81
00:04:05,600 --> 00:04:08,200
Speaker 3: US's openness to come to a deal here. So you know,

82
00:04:08,360 --> 00:04:10,680
Speaker 3: perhaps perhaps the whole game here is just to attenuate

83
00:04:10,680 --> 00:04:12,640
Speaker 3: this as much as possible, to push this to the midterms.

84
00:04:12,640 --> 00:04:13,480
Speaker 5: Et cetera, et cetera.

85
00:04:14,640 --> 00:04:16,000
Speaker 3: But if there is to be an effort here at

86
00:04:16,040 --> 00:04:18,159
Speaker 3: some sort of negotiation, what would I make of the

87
00:04:18,240 --> 00:04:19,880
Speaker 3: US reversing course on that so quickly.

88
00:04:21,240 --> 00:04:25,000
Speaker 6: I mean, as you said, nothing good from Tehran's perspective.

89
00:04:25,279 --> 00:04:27,200
Speaker 6: Keep in mind that they have been negotiating with the

90
00:04:27,279 --> 00:04:31,880
Speaker 6: United States now for over a year. Every time they

91
00:04:31,880 --> 00:04:34,920
Speaker 6: have found themselves in negotiations with the United States, state

92
00:04:35,080 --> 00:04:37,720
Speaker 6: either been bombed so over the course of the last

93
00:04:37,720 --> 00:04:42,200
Speaker 6: two wars that the US started, or in this case

94
00:04:42,320 --> 00:04:46,360
Speaker 6: made promises that the US did not keep in the end. Now,

95
00:04:46,520 --> 00:04:49,159
Speaker 6: to be fair, of course, it was the Iranians that

96
00:04:49,240 --> 00:04:52,080
Speaker 6: shot at the ships in the straight up homos, which

97
00:04:52,080 --> 00:04:54,880
Speaker 6: is why the US reversed force on sanctions. But at

98
00:04:54,880 --> 00:04:56,279
Speaker 6: the end of the day, I think the problem that

99
00:04:56,320 --> 00:04:58,880
Speaker 6: we're facing in the talks is that the two sides

100
00:04:58,880 --> 00:05:02,159
Speaker 6: have signed this MoU but are not interpreting it in

101
00:05:02,200 --> 00:05:04,599
Speaker 6: the same manner. They don't see it unfolding in the

102
00:05:04,640 --> 00:05:07,760
Speaker 6: same way, which is why we keep going back to

103
00:05:07,800 --> 00:05:09,520
Speaker 6: these cycles of violence.

104
00:05:10,120 --> 00:05:12,039
Speaker 2: Yeah, a lot of that language was left, i think

105
00:05:12,080 --> 00:05:14,240
Speaker 2: specifically vague, so that they could get both sides to

106
00:05:14,279 --> 00:05:16,240
Speaker 2: sign on to it. But things like Iran agrees not

107
00:05:16,320 --> 00:05:19,880
Speaker 2: to charge a toll for sixty days. Immediately to me said, well,

108
00:05:20,040 --> 00:05:22,440
Speaker 2: then after sixty days they will, But of course you

109
00:05:22,480 --> 00:05:24,800
Speaker 2: heard from Washington they were interpreting that a different way,

110
00:05:24,839 --> 00:05:26,280
Speaker 2: and I think it's one of the reasons we got

111
00:05:26,320 --> 00:05:28,680
Speaker 2: to where we are. Becca. I also want to ask you,

112
00:05:28,720 --> 00:05:30,920
Speaker 2: I want to follow up on the oil question, because

113
00:05:31,760 --> 00:05:34,360
Speaker 2: the other debate was whether or not that sanctions waiver

114
00:05:34,520 --> 00:05:37,200
Speaker 2: really made a difference, right, whether it was more than symbolic,

115
00:05:37,240 --> 00:05:39,800
Speaker 2: and the symbolism diplomacy does matter. But when you look

116
00:05:39,800 --> 00:05:43,720
Speaker 2: at who is buying Iranian oil, who their big clients are,

117
00:05:44,240 --> 00:05:46,320
Speaker 2: who was buying this, are they able to sell it?

118
00:05:46,360 --> 00:05:48,719
Speaker 2: And is it when I think about Russia and their

119
00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:51,120
Speaker 2: their oil shortage at the moment due to that conflict,

120
00:05:51,560 --> 00:05:53,960
Speaker 2: is that related here? Are they a better or worse

121
00:05:54,040 --> 00:05:55,760
Speaker 2: client for Iranian oil at this time?

122
00:05:56,920 --> 00:05:59,520
Speaker 7: Well, I mean, I think Aron hasn't relied solely on

123
00:05:59,600 --> 00:06:02,560
Speaker 7: Russia for a little bit. I think there's also been

124
00:06:02,680 --> 00:06:06,760
Speaker 7: conversations that were taking place from you know, India about

125
00:06:07,320 --> 00:06:11,320
Speaker 7: buying Iranian crude. So there's a lot of options that

126
00:06:11,400 --> 00:06:14,360
Speaker 7: Iran has had. But again this has now been revoked

127
00:06:14,400 --> 00:06:17,560
Speaker 7: and for Iran. It was an incentive, a carrot to

128
00:06:17,680 --> 00:06:20,240
Speaker 7: try and get them to the negotiating table and to

129
00:06:20,360 --> 00:06:23,680
Speaker 7: shape that next round of talks for the MoU that

130
00:06:23,880 --> 00:06:27,360
Speaker 7: now is no longer there, and so there's probably going

131
00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:30,520
Speaker 7: to be another round of carrots and sticks, and where

132
00:06:30,560 --> 00:06:33,360
Speaker 7: that ends up, you know, we'll see how it goes.

133
00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:36,279
Speaker 7: But at the end of the day, it's not just

134
00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:40,040
Speaker 7: about oil for now, it's about who controls the strait

135
00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:42,640
Speaker 7: and is the straight open And you see from the

136
00:06:42,800 --> 00:06:45,960
Speaker 7: US side a continued push to make sure that it

137
00:06:46,040 --> 00:06:48,880
Speaker 7: is open in their terms. But right now they're trying

138
00:06:48,920 --> 00:06:52,080
Speaker 7: to rely on Iran to at least issue a statement.

139
00:06:52,440 --> 00:06:55,320
Speaker 7: But talk is cheap and actions are the things that

140
00:06:55,400 --> 00:06:56,040
Speaker 7: actually matter.

141
00:06:56,120 --> 00:06:56,320
Speaker 8: Here.

142
00:06:56,960 --> 00:06:58,960
Speaker 3: You watched, as we all did, the period of morning

143
00:06:59,040 --> 00:07:02,760
Speaker 3: that preceded the funeral for the late Supreme Leader in Iran,

144
00:07:02,839 --> 00:07:06,680
Speaker 3: and obviously there were masses in the streets, and what

145
00:07:06,720 --> 00:07:10,000
Speaker 3: you took away from the way that that unfolded, the

146
00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:13,640
Speaker 3: degree which that conveade unity or not among leadership in

147
00:07:13,880 --> 00:07:16,560
Speaker 3: Iran's or what we can take away from that huge

148
00:07:16,560 --> 00:07:19,800
Speaker 3: ceremonial event that just concluded, Well.

149
00:07:19,680 --> 00:07:22,360
Speaker 6: I think what the leadership tried to do with this

150
00:07:23,160 --> 00:07:27,280
Speaker 6: week long funeral procession was to demonstrate unity, was to

151
00:07:27,320 --> 00:07:31,120
Speaker 6: demonstrate that it still had support inside the country despite

152
00:07:31,160 --> 00:07:34,920
Speaker 6: everything that we've seen, the war, the protests in January.

153
00:07:35,200 --> 00:07:37,960
Speaker 6: This was their moment really to show that the Islamic

154
00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:41,360
Speaker 6: Republic still has support inside Iran, and to a certain extent,

155
00:07:41,400 --> 00:07:43,560
Speaker 6: they were able to show that. There were a lot

156
00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:47,000
Speaker 6: of people that showed up. The funeral procession even went

157
00:07:47,040 --> 00:07:50,000
Speaker 6: all the way to Iraq. There were many foreign dignitaries

158
00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:53,160
Speaker 6: that showed up last weekend at the beginning of the procession,

159
00:07:54,120 --> 00:07:57,560
Speaker 6: So in some ways they were successful. But the issue

160
00:07:57,600 --> 00:08:00,600
Speaker 6: for the Iranian leadership right now is that this war

161
00:08:00,720 --> 00:08:03,320
Speaker 6: is buying them a little bit of time. People's attentions

162
00:08:03,360 --> 00:08:06,160
Speaker 6: are distracted. They're focused on the war, they're focused on

163
00:08:06,200 --> 00:08:10,160
Speaker 6: that ending. Once it's over, the Islamic Republic is really

164
00:08:10,200 --> 00:08:12,560
Speaker 6: going to have to take whatever gain it manages to

165
00:08:12,600 --> 00:08:15,640
Speaker 6: make as a result of these negotiations and start to

166
00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:21,040
Speaker 6: use them to rebuild domestically, to sort out its economic issues,

167
00:08:21,080 --> 00:08:24,920
Speaker 6: and there are many to sort out and really try

168
00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:28,800
Speaker 6: to overcome some of the crises that it's been facing

169
00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:30,080
Speaker 6: over the course of the last few.

170
00:08:29,920 --> 00:08:33,200
Speaker 2: Months, and becca President Trump has had to deal with

171
00:08:33,240 --> 00:08:35,680
Speaker 2: a little bit of pottery barn rules here, which is,

172
00:08:35,720 --> 00:08:37,680
Speaker 2: if you break it, you bought it. Especially when it

173
00:08:37,720 --> 00:08:41,000
Speaker 2: comes to the Strait. He's been very frustrated that American allies,

174
00:08:41,080 --> 00:08:43,320
Speaker 2: especially NATO allies, have not been willing to come in

175
00:08:43,360 --> 00:08:46,000
Speaker 2: and help secure passage and solve some of these issues.

176
00:08:46,280 --> 00:08:48,800
Speaker 2: And we expected those frustrations to play out at this

177
00:08:48,960 --> 00:08:51,640
Speaker 2: recent NATO summit in Ankara. And I know you've written

178
00:08:51,640 --> 00:08:54,400
Speaker 2: about kind of the dynamics there. NATO leaders trying to

179
00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:56,319
Speaker 2: prove to the president, show to the president they are

180
00:08:56,360 --> 00:09:00,440
Speaker 2: increasing defense spending, they are good allies. It's war for

181
00:09:00,480 --> 00:09:02,360
Speaker 2: America to stay in that alliance. And one of the

182
00:09:02,520 --> 00:09:06,440
Speaker 2: prominent kind of leaders trying to sell himself there was

183
00:09:06,840 --> 00:09:10,560
Speaker 2: the host Erdwan, Turkey's president who's trying to put Turkey

184
00:09:10,600 --> 00:09:13,520
Speaker 2: in a position to be a really strong defense partner

185
00:09:13,600 --> 00:09:15,760
Speaker 2: for the US. And I think of Turkey immediately think

186
00:09:15,800 --> 00:09:19,080
Speaker 2: of that spat a little while ago with the Russian

187
00:09:19,160 --> 00:09:21,800
Speaker 2: S four hundred missiles they wanted by patriots wouldn't let

188
00:09:21,800 --> 00:09:24,160
Speaker 2: them that They ended up reversing course the F thirty

189
00:09:24,160 --> 00:09:28,080
Speaker 2: five program. Where does Turkey stand as far as defense

190
00:09:28,160 --> 00:09:30,880
Speaker 2: manufacturing for the US, and where does Europe stand. As

191
00:09:30,920 --> 00:09:35,240
Speaker 2: far as defense contributions coming out of that NATO meeting, well.

192
00:09:35,480 --> 00:09:38,559
Speaker 7: Turkey emerged as a big winner. Eruwan had a huge win,

193
00:09:38,760 --> 00:09:41,439
Speaker 7: which is you know, Trump saying that he would reverse

194
00:09:41,760 --> 00:09:45,240
Speaker 7: Katsas sanctions on Turkey and allow Turkey to purchase the

195
00:09:45,360 --> 00:09:48,080
Speaker 7: F thirty five. We'll see how that actually plays out

196
00:09:48,120 --> 00:09:51,280
Speaker 7: because it all comes down to implementation, but right now

197
00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:54,200
Speaker 7: Turkey is very much positioning as though it's going to happen.

198
00:09:54,280 --> 00:09:56,840
Speaker 7: So Erdawan came out a big winner, even if it

199
00:09:56,920 --> 00:09:58,880
Speaker 7: meant that some of the guns that he gifted to

200
00:09:58,960 --> 00:10:03,200
Speaker 7: NATO leaders as a thank you actually remained in Turkey

201
00:10:03,400 --> 00:10:06,920
Speaker 7: for a variety of different reasons. But for Europe, I

202
00:10:06,960 --> 00:10:10,000
Speaker 7: think also the NATO summit was pretty much a net

203
00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:12,880
Speaker 7: win for them. You know, they heard a lot of

204
00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:16,400
Speaker 7: the similar you know, upset from President Trump not helping

205
00:10:16,520 --> 00:10:19,040
Speaker 7: enough when it came down to the Iran war, not

206
00:10:19,200 --> 00:10:22,640
Speaker 7: increasing defense spending fast enough, you know, not buying enough

207
00:10:22,640 --> 00:10:25,800
Speaker 7: American equipment, and you know, Trump doubling down on his

208
00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:30,160
Speaker 7: designs on Greenland. But overall it seemed as though it

209
00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:34,960
Speaker 7: was fairly study with a reinforcing of the US European

210
00:10:35,000 --> 00:10:39,400
Speaker 7: relationship as well as America's commitment to continue to sell

211
00:10:39,520 --> 00:10:45,240
Speaker 7: very critical arms to Europe, including potentially moving into having

212
00:10:45,320 --> 00:10:50,720
Speaker 7: Patriot production in Ukraine and also selling Germany Tomahawk missiles

213
00:10:50,760 --> 00:10:54,480
Speaker 7: that was previously going to be reversed. So the NATO

214
00:10:54,559 --> 00:10:59,400
Speaker 7: summit I would put in the relative positive column that said,

215
00:10:59,520 --> 00:11:01,400
Speaker 7: you know, I do you think that that doesn't mean

216
00:11:01,400 --> 00:11:03,480
Speaker 7: that tensions don't remain and they won't boil to.

217
00:11:03,480 --> 00:11:04,120
Speaker 6: The surface yet.

218
00:11:04,160 --> 00:11:06,440
Speaker 2: Know, David Gerrow, when we go to summits together, you

219
00:11:06,520 --> 00:11:08,640
Speaker 2: never give me handguns like the Turkish.

220
00:11:08,320 --> 00:11:12,160
Speaker 3: President and Trimp kept the gold rev You've never handed me.

221
00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:14,520
Speaker 2: I'm very upset by the lack of revolvers in our

222
00:11:14,600 --> 00:11:15,600
Speaker 2: in our summit relationship.

223
00:11:15,640 --> 00:11:16,000
Speaker 5: I should know.

224
00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:17,640
Speaker 3: We're going to talk to Congress and Michael McCall here

225
00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:19,720
Speaker 3: in a bit about his recent trip to U creatit.

226
00:11:19,720 --> 00:11:21,679
Speaker 3: He's somebody's who's been really pushing for them to have

227
00:11:22,559 --> 00:11:26,240
Speaker 3: more more missiles, more access to missiles on the first

228
00:11:26,320 --> 00:11:28,560
Speaker 3: on the battlefield. Did let me just end with you.

229
00:11:29,320 --> 00:11:31,440
Speaker 3: We mentioned these technical talks. I'm curious of what we

230
00:11:31,520 --> 00:11:34,040
Speaker 3: know of what at a granear level is being discussed

231
00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:36,439
Speaker 3: at this point in time. And I wonder what you

232
00:11:36,480 --> 00:11:38,080
Speaker 3: make of just that the focus there on the technical

233
00:11:38,120 --> 00:11:40,199
Speaker 3: side of things, given what we know of how much

234
00:11:40,240 --> 00:11:41,079
Speaker 3: effort and time.

235
00:11:40,880 --> 00:11:43,440
Speaker 5: When it is curing the JCPA the first time around.

236
00:11:44,120 --> 00:11:46,280
Speaker 3: When you hear that the talks are technically focused, is

237
00:11:46,280 --> 00:11:48,680
Speaker 3: that a positive sign that they're getting down to brass

238
00:11:48,720 --> 00:11:52,440
Speaker 3: tacks here or is it, perhaps alternatively a sign that

239
00:11:52,480 --> 00:11:55,240
Speaker 3: because they can't agree on broader issues, there's there's ample

240
00:11:55,320 --> 00:11:57,440
Speaker 3: room here to haggle over over smaller things. How do

241
00:11:57,480 --> 00:11:58,960
Speaker 3: you read just sort of where we are in terms

242
00:11:58,960 --> 00:11:59,719
Speaker 3: of the talks right now?

243
00:12:00,040 --> 00:12:01,480
Speaker 5: Who is the participate?

244
00:12:02,960 --> 00:12:05,680
Speaker 6: So no, I do think it's a positive that there

245
00:12:05,720 --> 00:12:07,760
Speaker 6: are technical talks going on and that they're kind of

246
00:12:07,760 --> 00:12:10,640
Speaker 6: lower level talks. They're really focusing on the details. I

247
00:12:10,640 --> 00:12:13,200
Speaker 6: think that's what was lacking in the m OU them

248
00:12:13,240 --> 00:12:16,800
Speaker 6: OU was like a one page broad strokes document where

249
00:12:16,840 --> 00:12:19,680
Speaker 6: even the language was very vague. And look where we

250
00:12:19,720 --> 00:12:21,400
Speaker 6: are now as a result of it. So the fact

251
00:12:21,440 --> 00:12:27,120
Speaker 6: that they're having technical talks, detailed talks on very specific issues,

252
00:12:27,160 --> 00:12:29,960
Speaker 6: that's a good thing. I suspect the bulk of that

253
00:12:30,040 --> 00:12:34,400
Speaker 6: will be focused on obviously Iran's nuclear program, the status

254
00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:38,199
Speaker 6: of Iran's enrichment once the final deal is agreed to.

255
00:12:38,280 --> 00:12:40,600
Speaker 6: Will there be in Richmond on Iranian soil? Won't there

256
00:12:40,800 --> 00:12:43,360
Speaker 6: will there be a moratorium? How long will that last?

257
00:12:44,160 --> 00:12:47,320
Speaker 6: What will happen to Iran's stockpile of highly enriched uranium

258
00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:50,760
Speaker 6: which disappeared after the last war. All of these things

259
00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:52,720
Speaker 6: are things that they're going to be focusing on. There

260
00:12:52,720 --> 00:12:56,600
Speaker 6: are also the issues on which neither side can can

261
00:12:56,880 --> 00:13:00,840
Speaker 6: really agree on. They were were some of the sticking

262
00:13:00,920 --> 00:13:03,640
Speaker 6: points that were there in the last few rounds of negotiations,

263
00:13:03,640 --> 00:13:06,120
Speaker 6: so I think there is a little bit more willingness

264
00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:11,000
Speaker 6: to compromise on these issues right now. The sticking point today, though,

265
00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:15,640
Speaker 6: remains the straight the sanctions, and also the sequencing of

266
00:13:15,679 --> 00:13:19,360
Speaker 6: the implementation of the MoU and also the final deal.

267
00:13:20,280 --> 00:13:23,360
Speaker 6: So there's a lot of material to cover. There's a

268
00:13:23,400 --> 00:13:28,800
Speaker 6: lot of sticking points to unstick, basically, and I think

269
00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:32,160
Speaker 6: that my fear is that neither side really right now

270
00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:34,839
Speaker 6: has the patience to do it. The critical issue is

271
00:13:34,880 --> 00:13:37,320
Speaker 6: neither side wants to return to war. They're prepared to,

272
00:13:37,400 --> 00:13:39,280
Speaker 6: but they don't want to, and that in itself is

273
00:13:39,320 --> 00:13:40,120
Speaker 6: also good news.

274
00:13:40,600 --> 00:13:42,440
Speaker 2: All right, Diana and Becka, it's so nice to have

275
00:13:42,559 --> 00:13:44,800
Speaker 2: you both. Lots of great bylines from the two of

276
00:13:44,800 --> 00:13:47,040
Speaker 2: you in the terminal, and let's do it again soon.

277
00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:47,840
Speaker 6: Thank you very much.

278
00:13:49,920 --> 00:13:52,920
Speaker 3: Stay with us for more on Bloomberg this weekend, right

279
00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:53,480
Speaker 3: after this.

280
00:14:04,920 --> 00:14:08,560
Speaker 2: All right, right now, President Vladimir Zelenski's top priority in

281
00:14:08,600 --> 00:14:11,959
Speaker 2: the war with Russia is obtaining those Patriot missiles, writing

282
00:14:11,960 --> 00:14:14,840
Speaker 2: on social media in part, patriots are number one. We

283
00:14:14,880 --> 00:14:17,600
Speaker 2: are grateful to the United States and the Europeans who

284
00:14:17,600 --> 00:14:20,480
Speaker 2: have helped us with these systems. But with patriots, it's

285
00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:22,720
Speaker 2: a matter of time. Production is very limited and the

286
00:14:22,720 --> 00:14:24,200
Speaker 2: waiting lists are very long.

287
00:14:24,320 --> 00:14:26,560
Speaker 3: This week, the Ukrainian president went from the NATO summit

288
00:14:26,600 --> 00:14:29,600
Speaker 3: in Turkey to meeting with several US lawmakers, including Republican

289
00:14:29,600 --> 00:14:32,680
Speaker 3: Michael McCall of Texas, who joins US now live from Ukraine.

290
00:14:32,720 --> 00:14:35,120
Speaker 3: He serves on the Foreign Affairs and Homeland Security Committees.

291
00:14:35,120 --> 00:14:36,840
Speaker 3: I should say he was just recognized by the President

292
00:14:36,880 --> 00:14:40,080
Speaker 3: of Ukraine with the Order of Merit second class. Congratulations

293
00:14:40,080 --> 00:14:43,040
Speaker 3: on that. Great to speak with you from Ukraine. Uze

294
00:14:43,200 --> 00:14:46,160
Speaker 3: of Metal, Freedom, Medal of Freedom. Thank you very much.

295
00:14:47,200 --> 00:14:51,560
Speaker 3: No big deal, No big deal, an accolade. Nonetheless, pick

296
00:14:51,600 --> 00:14:53,080
Speaker 3: up from what we were just talking about with Colin.

297
00:14:53,120 --> 00:14:54,880
Speaker 3: There's this promise from the president that they're going to

298
00:14:54,960 --> 00:14:56,800
Speaker 3: be able to build patriot missiles. What did you hear

299
00:14:56,800 --> 00:14:59,560
Speaker 3: from the president. What does that look like in real terms?

300
00:14:59,680 --> 00:15:00,840
Speaker 3: If you're crane is able to do that?

301
00:15:02,040 --> 00:15:05,200
Speaker 9: Well, if I could put the threat landscape and picture

302
00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:09,200
Speaker 9: for your audience, there are a lot of shellings where

303
00:15:09,240 --> 00:15:13,160
Speaker 9: I'm sitting right now in Kiev of ballistic missiles. I

304
00:15:13,280 --> 00:15:17,920
Speaker 9: just came back from the front lines. It's heavy drone

305
00:15:18,080 --> 00:15:22,720
Speaker 9: warfare on the front lines. They're actually winning on the

306
00:15:22,720 --> 00:15:26,560
Speaker 9: front lines right now, they're actually capturing Russian territory, which

307
00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:30,840
Speaker 9: is hugely significant. I think in present Trump size seeing

308
00:15:30,880 --> 00:15:33,680
Speaker 9: them as a winner has been helpful in his discussions

309
00:15:33,720 --> 00:15:37,840
Speaker 9: with Zelensky. But where they're vulnerable right now is they

310
00:15:37,840 --> 00:15:41,280
Speaker 9: have no way to defend themselves. There's no air defenses

311
00:15:42,160 --> 00:15:45,720
Speaker 9: with respect to ballistic missiles. I've been in some very

312
00:15:46,680 --> 00:15:51,680
Speaker 9: intense briefings here. Russia is able to build well over

313
00:15:51,800 --> 00:15:55,800
Speaker 9: sixty ballistic missiles a month. The ones that we were

314
00:15:55,840 --> 00:16:00,520
Speaker 9: hit with last night were not intercepted, so they do

315
00:16:00,600 --> 00:16:05,720
Speaker 9: not have interceptors. That's a patriot battery patriot interceptor that

316
00:16:05,760 --> 00:16:11,080
Speaker 9: they need to arrange for the licensing agreements. To be

317
00:16:11,640 --> 00:16:16,240
Speaker 9: either sold or given to Ukraine as a major step forward,

318
00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:20,680
Speaker 9: both politically as a showing and support, but also allowing

319
00:16:20,800 --> 00:16:25,240
Speaker 9: Ukraine to use its amazing innovation I've seen over here

320
00:16:25,240 --> 00:16:32,360
Speaker 9: with drone manufacturings to now manufacturing this Patriot interceptor. They

321
00:16:32,360 --> 00:16:34,680
Speaker 9: have a very short window of time. In fact, I

322
00:16:34,680 --> 00:16:38,720
Speaker 9: would say, because the missiles are hitting now. Normally would

323
00:16:38,720 --> 00:16:43,240
Speaker 9: be the winter time, but it's hitting now. They can

324
00:16:43,320 --> 00:16:46,800
Speaker 9: move this a lot faster than say Lockey can in

325
00:16:46,800 --> 00:16:50,200
Speaker 9: the United States. I hope this could be done in

326
00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:50,920
Speaker 9: short order.

327
00:16:51,320 --> 00:16:53,480
Speaker 2: Chairman, do you think Lockheed is going to play ball?

328
00:16:53,520 --> 00:16:56,520
Speaker 2: I mean, they do have to agree to give Ukraine

329
00:16:56,520 --> 00:16:59,760
Speaker 2: the license, and so far our reporters and other reporters

330
00:16:59,760 --> 00:17:02,120
Speaker 2: have gotten an official comment from Lucky as to whether

331
00:17:02,160 --> 00:17:05,120
Speaker 2: or not they're going to be willing to do that, right.

332
00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:07,359
Speaker 9: And it's a good question. I think it's in their

333
00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:11,960
Speaker 9: best interest to do so. For manufactors, their whole business

334
00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:16,800
Speaker 9: model relies on defense contract contracts with the United States government,

335
00:17:16,840 --> 00:17:20,040
Speaker 9: our military. If the President wants us done, it's in

336
00:17:20,119 --> 00:17:24,840
Speaker 9: their best interest to comply with that. But in addition, Christina,

337
00:17:24,920 --> 00:17:27,119
Speaker 9: I think we have a lot to learn from the Ukrainians.

338
00:17:27,680 --> 00:17:29,920
Speaker 9: I've learned a lot on this trip in terms of

339
00:17:30,359 --> 00:17:34,680
Speaker 9: the innovation and the drone technology. I think Ukrainians can

340
00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:39,280
Speaker 9: build this thing faster and maybe even better. So Lakie

341
00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:43,880
Speaker 9: could learn something from the Ukrainians about their own interceptors,

342
00:17:44,160 --> 00:17:47,320
Speaker 9: how to improve them, how to manufacture them more quickly.

343
00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:50,680
Speaker 9: One of the biggest problems you heard from your previous

344
00:17:50,680 --> 00:17:55,320
Speaker 9: guest is our defense industrial base and our inability to

345
00:17:55,720 --> 00:17:59,720
Speaker 9: manufacture these faster in the current threat environment, not only

346
00:17:59,760 --> 00:18:03,119
Speaker 9: here on the Eastern f like of NATO, but also

347
00:18:03,119 --> 00:18:06,399
Speaker 9: in the Indo Pacific as we're seeing playing out in

348
00:18:06,440 --> 00:18:07,159
Speaker 9: the Middle East.

349
00:18:08,200 --> 00:18:10,840
Speaker 3: Talka but if you would about kind of formalizing what

350
00:18:11,080 --> 00:18:13,360
Speaker 3: you're mentioning here, which is kind of learning from what's

351
00:18:13,400 --> 00:18:15,719
Speaker 3: happened in the Ukraine. You've introduced this legislation, the Strategic

352
00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:19,240
Speaker 3: Unmanned Systems Partnership Act with the gentleman from Ohiomart's a captor,

353
00:18:19,520 --> 00:18:21,119
Speaker 3: and I'm curious for do you do you see a

354
00:18:21,160 --> 00:18:24,080
Speaker 3: lot of support within Congress to establish a more formal

355
00:18:24,119 --> 00:18:27,760
Speaker 3: time between these two countries when it comes to unmanned

356
00:18:28,320 --> 00:18:29,800
Speaker 3: weapons in particular.

357
00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:33,480
Speaker 9: I do because it's in our best interest. This is

358
00:18:33,520 --> 00:18:37,760
Speaker 9: a laboratory that I'm in right now, and I've visited

359
00:18:37,760 --> 00:18:42,000
Speaker 9: all the drone manufacturers here. There are some American companies here,

360
00:18:42,040 --> 00:18:45,560
Speaker 9: a lot of Ukrainian you know, companies that are manufacturing

361
00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:51,600
Speaker 9: new the new innovation of technology of modern advanced warfare systems.

362
00:18:52,240 --> 00:18:57,080
Speaker 9: We'd be really be foolish not to be a full

363
00:18:57,160 --> 00:19:01,320
Speaker 9: participant in the experiments going on in this laboratory where

364
00:19:01,359 --> 00:19:05,680
Speaker 9: I'm sitting today. There are some European NATO countries here.

365
00:19:06,440 --> 00:19:08,760
Speaker 9: I think we would be a loser to not be

366
00:19:08,880 --> 00:19:12,480
Speaker 9: a participant. So what the bill essentially does within the

367
00:19:12,560 --> 00:19:16,240
Speaker 9: National Defense Authorization Bill is to say, you know, we

368
00:19:16,359 --> 00:19:21,800
Speaker 9: need to cooperate with Ukraine and co produce co production

369
00:19:22,520 --> 00:19:27,639
Speaker 9: of these advanced weapon systems in Ukraine and near the

370
00:19:27,680 --> 00:19:30,480
Speaker 9: Eastern flake of NATO. I did the same thing with

371
00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:34,199
Speaker 9: AUCUS in Australia to call where they were five by

372
00:19:34,359 --> 00:19:38,600
Speaker 9: nation to defend against China and into Pacific. It's an

373
00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:43,160
Speaker 9: exemption of what's called ITAR, the International regulations on Weapons

374
00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:48,439
Speaker 9: and weapons systems. Using AI and quantum to to build

375
00:19:48,480 --> 00:19:54,000
Speaker 9: out advanced weapon systems, we have an amazing opportunity to

376
00:19:54,119 --> 00:19:58,080
Speaker 9: work with the Ukrainians to advance our weapon systems in

377
00:19:58,119 --> 00:20:02,800
Speaker 9: a faster and more innovative way. I think it's a

378
00:20:03,080 --> 00:20:07,160
Speaker 9: wonderful idea that I think has broad based bipartisan support.

379
00:20:07,680 --> 00:20:10,439
Speaker 2: Chiman, you mentioned that you have been traveling around and

380
00:20:10,440 --> 00:20:11,879
Speaker 2: you've been on the front line. So we actually have

381
00:20:11,920 --> 00:20:15,359
Speaker 2: a pretty amazing photo that I think your colleagues sent

382
00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:17,720
Speaker 2: over for us. It's very top gun You've got the

383
00:20:17,720 --> 00:20:19,960
Speaker 2: aviators and the flack jacket on. But this is I mean,

384
00:20:19,960 --> 00:20:23,000
Speaker 2: this is serious stuff. And since you are there, how

385
00:20:23,080 --> 00:20:26,240
Speaker 2: is morale? How are the Ukrainian soldiers feeling? Because they

386
00:20:26,240 --> 00:20:29,399
Speaker 2: do have momentum. It does seem like these strikes and

387
00:20:29,440 --> 00:20:31,600
Speaker 2: the interior of Russia are making a difference. We are

388
00:20:31,640 --> 00:20:34,800
Speaker 2: seeing these lines at petrol stations. But Putin is an

389
00:20:34,960 --> 00:20:38,679
Speaker 2: entrenched individual. I don't know if anything, even you know,

390
00:20:38,760 --> 00:20:41,480
Speaker 2: popular sentiment is going to move him. Do they feel

391
00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:43,280
Speaker 2: like they have traction? Do they feel like there's a

392
00:20:43,320 --> 00:20:45,480
Speaker 2: sea change in this conflict? And where do we think

393
00:20:45,480 --> 00:20:46,000
Speaker 2: this goes?

394
00:20:47,080 --> 00:20:50,359
Speaker 9: Those are all great questions. Christina. Let me say number one,

395
00:20:50,960 --> 00:20:54,760
Speaker 9: morale is high on the Ukraine side of this war.

396
00:20:54,880 --> 00:20:57,280
Speaker 9: I was on the front line and one of the

397
00:20:57,320 --> 00:21:02,000
Speaker 9: most fiercest fighting areas, you know, in the Dombos region.

398
00:21:03,680 --> 00:21:06,960
Speaker 9: Morales high because they're winning. Uh. And they were showing

399
00:21:06,960 --> 00:21:10,760
Speaker 9: me the square miles that they've taken back from the

400
00:21:10,840 --> 00:21:14,720
Speaker 9: Russian occupation. It's because of their innovation, you know, with

401
00:21:14,840 --> 00:21:18,160
Speaker 9: the drones. I think that that couple with the news

402
00:21:18,200 --> 00:21:21,159
Speaker 9: coming from the NATO summit. I was literally with the

403
00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:26,720
Speaker 9: Ukrainian frontline soldiers when that news broke. That was a

404
00:21:26,920 --> 00:21:30,879
Speaker 9: major morale boost for not only the fighting forces on

405
00:21:30,920 --> 00:21:34,040
Speaker 9: the ground, but President of Zelenski himself when I met

406
00:21:34,040 --> 00:21:37,120
Speaker 9: with him, because it's a showing a sign of support

407
00:21:37,160 --> 00:21:40,960
Speaker 9: from the United States from the president and also showing

408
00:21:40,960 --> 00:21:45,119
Speaker 9: a support on these patriot interceptors that they so desperately need.

409
00:21:45,640 --> 00:21:45,720
Speaker 1: Uh.

410
00:21:45,840 --> 00:21:49,400
Speaker 9: And so you know, I'm morales. I forgot the second

411
00:21:49,440 --> 00:21:52,160
Speaker 9: part of your question. If you wouldn't mind repeating.

412
00:21:52,000 --> 00:21:53,080
Speaker 3: I did too, That's okay.

413
00:21:53,440 --> 00:21:57,680
Speaker 2: Oh no, I was wondering. I was we were thinking

414
00:21:57,720 --> 00:21:58,080
Speaker 2: through this.

415
00:21:58,800 --> 00:22:02,119
Speaker 9: I've been going kind of I've been in these underground

416
00:22:02,160 --> 00:22:05,119
Speaker 9: bunkers just to give you a little of a taste

417
00:22:05,119 --> 00:22:09,280
Speaker 9: of where I've put the underground bunkers that are camouflized

418
00:22:09,359 --> 00:22:14,280
Speaker 9: where I'm watching this drone activity on these video screens

419
00:22:14,359 --> 00:22:17,200
Speaker 9: as we're seeing drones being hit out of the sky,

420
00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:21,000
Speaker 9: you know, these gas stations that we drove past within

421
00:22:21,040 --> 00:22:24,480
Speaker 9: the last week have been blown up by shah Had drones.

422
00:22:25,280 --> 00:22:27,840
Speaker 9: Just you know, really amazing. Last night I was at

423
00:22:27,880 --> 00:22:31,760
Speaker 9: their Central Special Forces Command, if you will, where their

424
00:22:31,840 --> 00:22:39,880
Speaker 9: major drone operations are outside of Kiev, and fascinating. This

425
00:22:39,960 --> 00:22:44,280
Speaker 9: is the bottom line, the cont benefit ratio to take

426
00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:48,439
Speaker 9: a drone that's forth about twenty five thousand dollars and

427
00:22:48,560 --> 00:22:53,280
Speaker 9: take out one hundred million dollar infrastructure facility in Russia.

428
00:22:54,000 --> 00:22:57,199
Speaker 9: This is how they went because Russia can't afford it.

429
00:22:57,440 --> 00:22:59,440
Speaker 9: And now I do remember your question. It has to

430
00:22:59,520 --> 00:23:00,600
Speaker 9: do with Putin.

431
00:23:01,160 --> 00:23:02,919
Speaker 2: Yeah, it didn't come back to me as you were

432
00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:04,560
Speaker 2: talking about the trenches, but go ahead, sir.

433
00:23:05,359 --> 00:23:08,800
Speaker 9: Putin is feeling the pain. He's getting more desperate, and

434
00:23:08,840 --> 00:23:11,600
Speaker 9: that's why the ballistic missiles are coming in. He does

435
00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:15,199
Speaker 9: see vulnerability he's taking advantage of, but he's also feeling

436
00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:19,000
Speaker 9: the pain. The average lifespan of a Russian soldier in

437
00:23:19,040 --> 00:23:22,680
Speaker 9: the front line is a matter of hours to days.

438
00:23:23,160 --> 00:23:26,720
Speaker 9: They don't last very long, and that's how effective the

439
00:23:26,840 --> 00:23:31,120
Speaker 9: Ukrainians are. Right now. The morale of the Russian Federation

440
00:23:31,280 --> 00:23:34,720
Speaker 9: soldier is way down. The population is feeling the pain

441
00:23:34,800 --> 00:23:40,080
Speaker 9: now not only with gasoline prices, but of the carnage

442
00:23:40,160 --> 00:23:44,199
Speaker 9: taking place on their side of the front line. So

443
00:23:45,080 --> 00:23:49,440
Speaker 9: I think Putin's I know for a fact, is very

444
00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:53,879
Speaker 9: angry at the outcome of the NATO summit meeting, with

445
00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:57,280
Speaker 9: the showing and support by the President, President Trump to

446
00:23:57,520 --> 00:24:02,320
Speaker 9: President Zelensky and reinf forcing that with we understand you

447
00:24:02,359 --> 00:24:04,919
Speaker 9: need better air defenses. We're going to help you with

448
00:24:04,960 --> 00:24:09,240
Speaker 9: the Patriot interceptor. That was a very strong message to

449
00:24:09,359 --> 00:24:14,000
Speaker 9: Moscow and to Putin. And I believe he's losing allies

450
00:24:14,040 --> 00:24:17,520
Speaker 9: as well. Remember of Venezuela, a Cuba Iran. We're all

451
00:24:17,600 --> 00:24:21,840
Speaker 9: under threat, and I think Putin is feeling backed against

452
00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:26,120
Speaker 9: a wall. We don't want him to get too desperate

453
00:24:26,600 --> 00:24:31,760
Speaker 9: and use tactics that would be unconventional. But I do

454
00:24:31,840 --> 00:24:34,840
Speaker 9: think who thought well, I was told four days this

455
00:24:34,960 --> 00:24:38,040
Speaker 9: conflict would be over, and here we are four years later,

456
00:24:38,560 --> 00:24:41,119
Speaker 9: and I'm proud to say after the investment, I was

457
00:24:41,160 --> 00:24:45,640
Speaker 9: able to get with the Emergency Wartime supplemental bill they

458
00:24:45,640 --> 00:24:46,359
Speaker 9: are now winning.

459
00:24:47,119 --> 00:24:49,520
Speaker 3: I want to get to read from you of the

460
00:24:49,560 --> 00:24:52,800
Speaker 3: President's engagement with this conflict. So you talked about him

461
00:24:52,840 --> 00:24:55,639
Speaker 3: making that commitment of patriots and what he said at

462
00:24:55,640 --> 00:24:57,719
Speaker 3: the NATO summit. Of course, that was preceded by this

463
00:24:57,800 --> 00:25:01,199
Speaker 3: eighty five minute long phone call that had with President Putin.

464
00:25:01,240 --> 00:25:04,800
Speaker 3: And I'm curious what you observed of him at the

465
00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:07,399
Speaker 3: NATO summit in terms of engagement with the conflict in Ukraine,

466
00:25:07,400 --> 00:25:09,479
Speaker 3: and indeed what the President of Ukraine said to you

467
00:25:09,560 --> 00:25:12,760
Speaker 3: about the status of their relationship and his confidence and

468
00:25:12,800 --> 00:25:14,520
Speaker 3: the support that he has from the US.

469
00:25:16,359 --> 00:25:19,320
Speaker 9: Well, remember, morale is already high because they're winning. But

470
00:25:19,480 --> 00:25:24,159
Speaker 9: the message at the summit is I'm a winner, and

471
00:25:24,280 --> 00:25:28,199
Speaker 9: President Trump likes winners. And President Trump now has decided

472
00:25:28,680 --> 00:25:31,919
Speaker 9: to go. We'll see if it's all in. But he

473
00:25:32,000 --> 00:25:35,600
Speaker 9: certainly was a strong showing of support for the President

474
00:25:35,640 --> 00:25:38,320
Speaker 9: of Ukraine and the Ukrainian people. I think that was

475
00:25:38,320 --> 00:25:42,280
Speaker 9: the right decision. I think the moral clarity is there.

476
00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:45,800
Speaker 9: I think being on the right side of history is there.

477
00:25:46,200 --> 00:25:49,280
Speaker 9: And the more pressure we can put on Putin, the

478
00:25:49,359 --> 00:25:53,399
Speaker 9: closer we are to a peaceful negotiation. Remember, Zelenski is

479
00:25:53,400 --> 00:25:56,560
Speaker 9: the one who has said yes, I will agree to

480
00:25:56,600 --> 00:26:00,520
Speaker 9: a ceasefire. The one who has not agreed to that Putin.

481
00:26:01,320 --> 00:26:04,320
Speaker 9: So you don't get them to the table by being

482
00:26:04,400 --> 00:26:06,520
Speaker 9: nice to him. You get him to the table by

483
00:26:06,560 --> 00:26:10,560
Speaker 9: putting leverage on him. Peace through strength works, and so

484
00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:15,080
Speaker 9: the more strength we can show on the Ukraine side,

485
00:26:15,440 --> 00:26:18,240
Speaker 9: the more pain we can put on Russia and Putin,

486
00:26:18,960 --> 00:26:23,080
Speaker 9: then the closer we are to a negotiated, peaceful resolution

487
00:26:23,160 --> 00:26:23,960
Speaker 9: of this conflict.

488
00:26:24,320 --> 00:26:27,199
Speaker 2: I do worry about a hebistic factor here, and to

489
00:26:27,320 --> 00:26:29,240
Speaker 2: quote Mark Twain, you know the reports of my death

490
00:26:29,280 --> 00:26:32,840
Speaker 2: have been greatly exaggerated. There is there are some warning

491
00:26:32,920 --> 00:26:37,520
Speaker 2: signs that yes, Ukraine has momentum, but this isn't over

492
00:26:37,680 --> 00:26:41,159
Speaker 2: and Russia can come back very strongly. Are you worried

493
00:26:41,160 --> 00:26:43,159
Speaker 2: that people are giving the wind too early and that

494
00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:45,840
Speaker 2: it will lose momentum or even and lose interest with

495
00:26:45,920 --> 00:26:48,239
Speaker 2: some of the allies, or do you think that this

496
00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:50,960
Speaker 2: really is a turning point in the conflict.

497
00:26:52,920 --> 00:26:54,920
Speaker 9: Yeah, I think the turning points started a year ago.

498
00:26:55,600 --> 00:27:00,960
Speaker 9: They are winning on the drone warfront where they're vulnerable

499
00:27:01,240 --> 00:27:03,960
Speaker 9: or the air defenses for the ballistic missiles, and Putin

500
00:27:04,000 --> 00:27:07,040
Speaker 9: knows that that's why you're seeing the shelling taking place

501
00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:11,240
Speaker 9: where I'm sitting today in Kiev. Every night they're getting

502
00:27:11,280 --> 00:27:16,119
Speaker 9: pounded here with ballistic missile attacks. They're trying to hit

503
00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:20,760
Speaker 9: their energy infrastructure. Here they have fired over a dozen

504
00:27:20,840 --> 00:27:28,280
Speaker 9: hypersonic weapons into Ukraine. Those are the fastest velocity, most

505
00:27:28,359 --> 00:27:33,080
Speaker 9: difficult missiles to stop. And the last piece that I

506
00:27:33,200 --> 00:27:36,280
Speaker 9: worry the most about would be the tactical nukes. That

507
00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:40,280
Speaker 9: would be a real act of desperation by mister Putin.

508
00:27:40,320 --> 00:27:45,360
Speaker 9: I think his calculation, however, has guided him against launching

509
00:27:45,400 --> 00:27:50,000
Speaker 9: those because he knows that that would galvanize the Western

510
00:27:50,080 --> 00:27:54,600
Speaker 9: world against him, and he would also has been worn

511
00:27:54,680 --> 00:27:58,480
Speaker 9: by President she and China that his support from China

512
00:27:58,520 --> 00:28:01,040
Speaker 9: could wane if he goes down that road.

513
00:28:01,720 --> 00:28:03,600
Speaker 3: Let me ask you lastly about the other big conflict that,

514
00:28:03,680 --> 00:28:05,879
Speaker 3: of course, what's unfolding in the Middle East. And the

515
00:28:05,920 --> 00:28:09,480
Speaker 3: President in recent hours has said the ceasefire is over.

516
00:28:10,080 --> 00:28:12,359
Speaker 3: He's willing to let talks continue, but it doesn't seem

517
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:15,040
Speaker 3: like he's fully engaged with them. Steve Witcoff can go

518
00:28:15,040 --> 00:28:17,199
Speaker 3: do them, Jared Kushner can do them, but he's not

519
00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:21,280
Speaker 3: evincing a kind of rigorous engagement with those talks as

520
00:28:21,280 --> 00:28:23,520
Speaker 3: they're taking place. What's your sense of the White House

521
00:28:23,560 --> 00:28:26,040
Speaker 3: strategy going forward? Here again, the clock is now ticking

522
00:28:26,040 --> 00:28:29,399
Speaker 3: once again. The funeral for the late Supreme Leader has ended.

523
00:28:30,119 --> 00:28:31,840
Speaker 3: How much optimism do you have that there'll be some

524
00:28:31,920 --> 00:28:34,320
Speaker 3: resolution or progress toward a more permanent deal at the

525
00:28:34,400 --> 00:28:35,560
Speaker 3: end of that sixty day period.

526
00:28:37,119 --> 00:28:38,920
Speaker 9: Well, I hope there is. I hope we can get

527
00:28:38,920 --> 00:28:43,040
Speaker 9: the straits of horror Moose open ron. They're not stupid.

528
00:28:43,400 --> 00:28:47,440
Speaker 9: I don't trust them. I don't think they negotiating good faith.

529
00:28:47,480 --> 00:28:50,320
Speaker 9: They know the midterm elections are coming up. They know

530
00:28:50,440 --> 00:28:53,760
Speaker 9: that if energy prices escalate, that's going to hurt my

531
00:28:53,920 --> 00:28:59,480
Speaker 9: party at the election ballot. I think, you know, when

532
00:28:59,480 --> 00:29:02,200
Speaker 9: you make it decision to go in like this, you

533
00:29:02,320 --> 00:29:04,680
Speaker 9: got to go all in, and we had a historic

534
00:29:04,760 --> 00:29:09,400
Speaker 9: opportunity to go in and including regime change. You know,

535
00:29:10,040 --> 00:29:13,000
Speaker 9: when you do something like this. Our military is the

536
00:29:13,040 --> 00:29:15,920
Speaker 9: greatest and they've achieved a lot of their objectives. The

537
00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:18,920
Speaker 9: thing we weren't able to achieve was regime change, and

538
00:29:18,960 --> 00:29:23,080
Speaker 9: we're still stuck with the same regime essentially without the

539
00:29:23,120 --> 00:29:27,360
Speaker 9: eye Toll, we're stuck with the IRGC. And they've also

540
00:29:27,400 --> 00:29:31,440
Speaker 9: found a new found power or weapon that's they can

541
00:29:31,480 --> 00:29:37,000
Speaker 9: close the straits of hornor moves. Going in, you needed leadership,

542
00:29:37,200 --> 00:29:43,880
Speaker 9: weapons and you needed communication, open communications. I am concerned

543
00:29:43,880 --> 00:29:46,760
Speaker 9: about this, and the worst thing that could happen is

544
00:29:46,760 --> 00:29:50,760
Speaker 9: we negotiate a really bad deal for political reasons before

545
00:29:50,800 --> 00:29:54,320
Speaker 9: the midterm elections. Now that we're in and we're seen

546
00:29:54,360 --> 00:29:56,920
Speaker 9: to be all in, we need to do this correctly.

547
00:29:57,040 --> 00:29:59,920
Speaker 9: But you know, I don't think the American people have

548
00:30:00,040 --> 00:30:02,280
Speaker 9: a lot of patience, to be honest with you. And

549
00:30:02,320 --> 00:30:04,280
Speaker 9: when they filled their gas tanks, I mean I felt

550
00:30:04,320 --> 00:30:07,040
Speaker 9: mine up when I was home in Austin, and you

551
00:30:07,080 --> 00:30:08,200
Speaker 9: know it was one hundred dollars.

552
00:30:08,360 --> 00:30:08,960
Speaker 8: And so.

553
00:30:11,080 --> 00:30:14,000
Speaker 9: The American people are fatigued with wars in the Middle

554
00:30:14,000 --> 00:30:18,040
Speaker 9: East as well. But it is very important that we

555
00:30:18,080 --> 00:30:21,000
Speaker 9: succeed in this. I just don't have a lot of

556
00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:24,040
Speaker 9: confidence in the negotiations. Really, you have to have a

557
00:30:24,120 --> 00:30:27,480
Speaker 9: real big stick to get a good negotiation.

558
00:30:28,080 --> 00:30:29,800
Speaker 2: Congress, We're gonna have to leave it there. Christen Michael

559
00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:31,840
Speaker 2: will call it a great state of Texas. Please thank

560
00:30:31,880 --> 00:30:33,560
Speaker 2: your team. We know Leslie Shed in front of the

561
00:30:33,560 --> 00:30:35,400
Speaker 2: show is with you as well. Thank you guys for

562
00:30:35,400 --> 00:30:37,680
Speaker 2: figuring out the logistics, and stay safe and we'll see

563
00:30:37,720 --> 00:30:41,719
Speaker 2: you back here soon. Stay with us for more on

564
00:30:41,760 --> 00:30:43,640
Speaker 2: Bloomberg this weekend right after this.

565
00:30:56,000 --> 00:30:58,280
Speaker 3: We live in a world where loud is equated with fun,

566
00:30:58,320 --> 00:31:00,640
Speaker 3: but for hundreds of millions of people, a high price

567
00:31:00,680 --> 00:31:03,600
Speaker 3: for that they have tonightis Bloombert Pursuit staff writer Hannah

568
00:31:03,600 --> 00:31:05,920
Speaker 3: Elliott warrens that someone you know has it and that

569
00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:07,160
Speaker 3: it's a ticking time bomb.

570
00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:10,760
Speaker 2: The American Senator's Foundation says over fifty million people are suffering.

571
00:31:10,960 --> 00:31:14,080
Speaker 2: That's fifteen percent of the population, and it's so bad

572
00:31:14,120 --> 00:31:18,080
Speaker 2: for about two million Americans they're actually debilitated by it. Veterans, musicians,

573
00:31:18,120 --> 00:31:21,200
Speaker 2: people who love concerts, and motor sports are all at

574
00:31:21,200 --> 00:31:23,840
Speaker 2: an increased risk. And for Hannah, writing the story was

575
00:31:23,880 --> 00:31:24,600
Speaker 2: deeply personal.

576
00:31:25,720 --> 00:31:29,840
Speaker 8: My husband has it. And the funny thing is my

577
00:31:29,960 --> 00:31:32,440
Speaker 8: husband's a car guy, and as you know, my day

578
00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:35,240
Speaker 8: job is mostly writing about cars in the car world.

579
00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:39,560
Speaker 8: And I started to realize that when you're in a

580
00:31:39,640 --> 00:31:42,880
Speaker 8: group of car people, if you the minute you mentioned

581
00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:46,920
Speaker 8: tonightas everyone starts to come out of the woodwork and says,

582
00:31:47,040 --> 00:31:49,920
Speaker 8: I have it, or my buddy has it, or my

583
00:31:50,000 --> 00:31:52,880
Speaker 8: brother has it, or my dad has it. And I

584
00:31:53,080 --> 00:31:56,280
Speaker 8: just started to realize, Oh, in this tiny segment of

585
00:31:56,360 --> 00:31:59,880
Speaker 8: car people, it's very prevalent. And then it started to

586
00:31:59,880 --> 00:32:04,360
Speaker 8: spill out into oh, my motorcycle friends talk about it. Oh,

587
00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:07,120
Speaker 8: my musician friends talk about it. And it became this

588
00:32:07,200 --> 00:32:10,640
Speaker 8: thing where it's like, wow, this seems to be very common,

589
00:32:11,000 --> 00:32:13,920
Speaker 8: but no one's really talking about it because some people

590
00:32:13,960 --> 00:32:16,680
Speaker 8: can kind of live with it, and others don't want

591
00:32:16,680 --> 00:32:19,920
Speaker 8: to talk about it because it's so frustrating that there's

592
00:32:19,920 --> 00:32:22,280
Speaker 8: no cure, so they don't talk about it at all.

593
00:32:22,320 --> 00:32:25,720
Speaker 8: And it just got me very, very curious about what's

594
00:32:25,760 --> 00:32:29,520
Speaker 8: really going on, who's affected and why. That's kind of

595
00:32:29,520 --> 00:32:30,760
Speaker 8: how I came into it.

596
00:32:30,840 --> 00:32:32,959
Speaker 3: So you talked to folks who are suffering from this,

597
00:32:33,000 --> 00:32:36,200
Speaker 3: you talk to doctors, other experts. You had a suspicion

598
00:32:36,200 --> 00:32:39,120
Speaker 3: that it was widespread. Just how widespread is it? How

599
00:32:39,160 --> 00:32:41,080
Speaker 3: big a problem is this when you look at the world.

600
00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:44,240
Speaker 8: Yeah, so tonight is and I think we should say

601
00:32:44,320 --> 00:32:47,640
Speaker 8: it's correct to say tenetus or tonightis. Both are correct.

602
00:32:48,680 --> 00:32:52,640
Speaker 8: Is basically the perception of a sound in your head

603
00:32:52,800 --> 00:32:55,880
Speaker 8: or your ears that is not coming from an external source.

604
00:32:56,240 --> 00:33:01,320
Speaker 8: So that could mean ringing, buzzing, wooshing, a scratching, or

605
00:33:01,320 --> 00:33:05,480
Speaker 8: static sound. It can be very isolating because it's difficult

606
00:33:05,520 --> 00:33:09,320
Speaker 8: to be in environments that you can't control sound wise.

607
00:33:09,760 --> 00:33:15,000
Speaker 8: If your ears are really sensitive to sound triggers, and

608
00:33:15,200 --> 00:33:17,360
Speaker 8: also just having this noise in your head that no

609
00:33:17,400 --> 00:33:20,880
Speaker 8: one else can hear. It's really really it can be

610
00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:22,520
Speaker 8: really debilitating.

611
00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:24,600
Speaker 2: I remember when I was a kid, my dad asked me,

612
00:33:24,600 --> 00:33:26,040
Speaker 2: you were out camping and it was really really quiet,

613
00:33:26,040 --> 00:33:28,080
Speaker 2: and I remember him asking me if I could hear silence,

614
00:33:28,240 --> 00:33:31,200
Speaker 2: and I said, yeah, can't we all? And he said

615
00:33:31,240 --> 00:33:33,320
Speaker 2: no because he'd been a tank commander in the military

616
00:33:33,440 --> 00:33:36,080
Speaker 2: and he always had a constant ring in his ears.

617
00:33:36,120 --> 00:33:38,880
Speaker 2: He never hears silence anymore because there's always something there.

618
00:33:38,920 --> 00:33:41,720
Speaker 2: But it's not I always thought it was hearing loss.

619
00:33:41,720 --> 00:33:43,960
Speaker 2: You said, it's not a disease, and it's not hearing loss.

620
00:33:43,960 --> 00:33:45,160
Speaker 2: Do they know what causes it?

621
00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:49,200
Speaker 8: That's exactly right, And that has been a really big

622
00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:54,880
Speaker 8: sort of misconception about tenightis it can be related to

623
00:33:55,000 --> 00:33:59,160
Speaker 8: hearing loss, because noise exposure is the biggest known cause

624
00:33:59,240 --> 00:34:02,680
Speaker 8: of toenightas, which is just being exposed to loud, too

625
00:34:02,760 --> 00:34:07,880
Speaker 8: loud noises. But tonightas and hearing loss are two separate things.

626
00:34:07,960 --> 00:34:09,640
Speaker 8: And a lot of the people that I spoke with,

627
00:34:09,880 --> 00:34:13,120
Speaker 8: including my husband, who is how I first became aware

628
00:34:13,120 --> 00:34:17,319
Speaker 8: of it, have excellent hearing tonightas is a separate thing,

629
00:34:17,400 --> 00:34:20,399
Speaker 8: and that has really gotten in the way of some

630
00:34:20,480 --> 00:34:25,680
Speaker 8: of the research. Every audiologist and clinical technician and medical

631
00:34:25,719 --> 00:34:29,480
Speaker 8: professional who I spoke with said Tonight's is so under

632
00:34:29,480 --> 00:34:33,319
Speaker 8: research and underfunded exactly because of what you're describing, which

633
00:34:33,360 --> 00:34:36,560
Speaker 8: is that it's usually lumped in with hearing loss and

634
00:34:36,640 --> 00:34:37,600
Speaker 8: hearing damage.

635
00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:40,480
Speaker 3: Somebody you spoke with with John Guinty, Grammy nominated organists

636
00:34:40,520 --> 00:34:43,800
Speaker 3: drag Racer and Sarasota, he compared it to phantom limb syndrome.

637
00:34:43,840 --> 00:34:45,040
Speaker 5: I'll just quote a bit from your piece.

638
00:34:45,080 --> 00:34:47,400
Speaker 3: You take somebody whose arm has been amputated and they

639
00:34:47,440 --> 00:34:49,280
Speaker 3: wake up with pain in their hand. Well, the hand's

640
00:34:49,320 --> 00:34:51,480
Speaker 3: not there, but the pain is real. That's how it

641
00:34:51,520 --> 00:34:53,960
Speaker 3: is with tenatis. It's something that your brain is making up.

642
00:34:54,040 --> 00:34:58,480
Speaker 3: But it was almost giving me panic attacks crazy. Talk

643
00:34:58,520 --> 00:35:00,480
Speaker 3: a bit about the effects this. You alluded to this

644
00:35:00,560 --> 00:35:03,480
Speaker 3: just a moment ago, the difficulty of suffering with this.

645
00:35:04,400 --> 00:35:05,960
Speaker 3: What does that mean in terms of mental health and

646
00:35:06,200 --> 00:35:08,120
Speaker 3: not acknowledging the fact not everybody would have the same

647
00:35:08,200 --> 00:35:11,040
Speaker 3: kind of effects broadly, but what's it mean for folks

648
00:35:11,040 --> 00:35:11,560
Speaker 3: that do have this?

649
00:35:12,760 --> 00:35:17,439
Speaker 8: Of course, there is a really big connection between poor

650
00:35:17,520 --> 00:35:21,600
Speaker 8: mental health and tonightis, and there are a lot of

651
00:35:22,400 --> 00:35:23,799
Speaker 8: there's a lot of research and there are a lot

652
00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:28,560
Speaker 8: of studies that link anxiety with tonightis, both as a

653
00:35:28,600 --> 00:35:33,320
Speaker 8: trigger and as a result. It's sort of this very

654
00:35:33,360 --> 00:35:40,719
Speaker 8: sad cycle of TONIGHTUS can cause depression, anxiety, isolation, but

655
00:35:40,840 --> 00:35:45,440
Speaker 8: also those things can lead to increased tonight's trigger, So

656
00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:50,759
Speaker 8: it is all linked linked. Just the fact that when

657
00:35:50,800 --> 00:35:55,040
Speaker 8: people are told by their medical providers that there's no

658
00:35:55,160 --> 00:35:57,640
Speaker 8: cure and there's really nothing we can do about tonightas

659
00:35:57,680 --> 00:36:00,720
Speaker 8: about this thing that is really affecting your day life,

660
00:36:00,960 --> 00:36:05,040
Speaker 8: that would be depressing for anybody. So there tends to

661
00:36:05,080 --> 00:36:07,480
Speaker 8: be a sense almost of despair for a lot of

662
00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:10,239
Speaker 8: people that there's no cure, there's nothing we can do.

663
00:36:10,640 --> 00:36:14,040
Speaker 8: You have to live with this, you know. Some people

664
00:36:14,040 --> 00:36:16,120
Speaker 8: describe it to me as a jet engine roaring in

665
00:36:16,160 --> 00:36:21,160
Speaker 8: their head. Of course, that causes extreme mental anguish, and

666
00:36:21,200 --> 00:36:24,120
Speaker 8: that in turn can just lead to really a poor

667
00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:27,719
Speaker 8: quality of life and even worse. Of course, there have

668
00:36:27,800 --> 00:36:33,520
Speaker 8: been even cases of suicide related to tanitis. Multiple people

669
00:36:33,520 --> 00:36:36,000
Speaker 8: I spoke with for this piece told me that they

670
00:36:36,000 --> 00:36:38,479
Speaker 8: had felt I can't live like this anymore. They really

671
00:36:38,480 --> 00:36:42,440
Speaker 8: got to a very dark place about their tanitis.

672
00:36:42,600 --> 00:36:44,239
Speaker 2: So now that people are becoming more aware, I mean,

673
00:36:44,680 --> 00:36:46,920
Speaker 2: I just keep going back to fifty million people, fifteen

674
00:36:46,960 --> 00:36:49,480
Speaker 2: percent of the population. That's a lot of people. I'm

675
00:36:49,480 --> 00:36:52,600
Speaker 2: wondering if doctors and audiologists are starting to take it

676
00:36:52,600 --> 00:36:54,680
Speaker 2: more seriously, and if you think in the next couple

677
00:36:54,680 --> 00:36:57,560
Speaker 2: of years they're making any progress or they're working towards

678
00:36:57,600 --> 00:36:58,640
Speaker 2: possible solutions.

679
00:36:59,680 --> 00:37:01,719
Speaker 8: Yeah, that's a great question. And I really think that

680
00:37:01,800 --> 00:37:05,239
Speaker 8: time is right to be talking about tonightus because as

681
00:37:05,600 --> 00:37:09,560
Speaker 8: we all know, everybody is obsessed with youth and longevity

682
00:37:09,640 --> 00:37:13,120
Speaker 8: and trying to you know, basically health max ourselves into

683
00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:17,120
Speaker 8: somehow living forever as you know, very hot sexy people.

684
00:37:18,400 --> 00:37:22,279
Speaker 8: The thing is Tonight's is connected to brain health, which

685
00:37:22,320 --> 00:37:27,400
Speaker 8: is connected to even cognitive decline and even dementia. So

686
00:37:27,600 --> 00:37:30,840
Speaker 8: there are strong links that indicate we need to be

687
00:37:30,880 --> 00:37:33,600
Speaker 8: paying attention to this, and I think as a broader culture,

688
00:37:34,520 --> 00:37:38,319
Speaker 8: as millennials I'm an older millennial, as boomers sort of

689
00:37:38,360 --> 00:37:40,720
Speaker 8: realize we need to be taking care of our bodies

690
00:37:40,880 --> 00:37:43,040
Speaker 8: and our minds so we can have the best life

691
00:37:43,160 --> 00:37:47,840
Speaker 8: as we get older. This issue of protecting your hearing,

692
00:37:47,960 --> 00:37:49,839
Speaker 8: taking care of your hearing, which is linked to your

693
00:37:49,880 --> 00:37:53,040
Speaker 8: brain health, which is linked to your cognitive health. That

694
00:37:53,200 --> 00:37:55,560
Speaker 8: is only going to increase. The other great thing to

695
00:37:55,640 --> 00:37:58,799
Speaker 8: know is that in twenty twenty three, the FDA did

696
00:37:58,880 --> 00:38:03,239
Speaker 8: finally approve one treatment for Tonight's called Linear, which is

697
00:38:03,280 --> 00:38:07,840
Speaker 8: a device that combines sounds and tiny electrical pulses that

698
00:38:07,880 --> 00:38:10,080
Speaker 8: you put on your tongue as a way to sort

699
00:38:10,080 --> 00:38:13,759
Speaker 8: of retrain your brain. That was approved in twenty twenty three,

700
00:38:13,800 --> 00:38:16,920
Speaker 8: And I spoke with many people who have used the

701
00:38:17,000 --> 00:38:19,680
Speaker 8: device and say that it helps. And I've talked with

702
00:38:19,760 --> 00:38:23,920
Speaker 8: technicians who think that it's very promising and hopefully will

703
00:38:24,600 --> 00:38:29,400
Speaker 8: help lead the surge into more research, more funding, more treatment.

704
00:38:30,320 --> 00:38:33,359
Speaker 3: Hanna Elliott, our colleague and fellow elder millennial. Hannah, thank

705
00:38:33,360 --> 00:38:35,520
Speaker 3: you very much, appreciate it.

706
00:38:35,640 --> 00:38:39,279
Speaker 4: Stay with us for more on Bloomberg this weekend. Right

707
00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:52,040
Speaker 4: after this, Hey, it's time for.

708
00:38:52,000 --> 00:38:53,600
Speaker 5: My favorite part of the show, That, of course, is

709
00:38:53,600 --> 00:38:54,879
Speaker 5: this weekend's Pointed News quiz.

710
00:38:54,880 --> 00:38:56,160
Speaker 2: Is your favorite part when you win?

711
00:38:56,480 --> 00:38:57,719
Speaker 5: Yeah, I feel good about it today.

712
00:38:57,760 --> 00:38:58,840
Speaker 2: Yeah, I'm feeling good about.

713
00:38:58,640 --> 00:39:04,960
Speaker 5: Your tan feel quiz Master. We did tie last week.

714
00:39:05,280 --> 00:39:10,160
Speaker 4: Okay, first of all, Pointed, what are they talking about

715
00:39:10,400 --> 00:39:12,440
Speaker 4: this is a show, okay, So it's a game. You

716
00:39:12,440 --> 00:39:15,200
Speaker 4: can play it, of course, on online. You can play

717
00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:17,279
Speaker 4: it on the business app as well. So they each

718
00:39:17,320 --> 00:39:19,759
Speaker 4: have thirty chips. Online you don't have chips. You have

719
00:39:19,840 --> 00:39:22,600
Speaker 4: multiple choice questions, but they have chips in front of them.

720
00:39:22,640 --> 00:39:25,080
Speaker 4: So they're going to place their thirty chips and figure

721
00:39:25,080 --> 00:39:27,560
Speaker 4: out how confident they are on these three categories that

722
00:39:27,600 --> 00:39:30,040
Speaker 4: I'm going to tell you about. Okay, so think about it.

723
00:39:30,080 --> 00:39:34,719
Speaker 4: Our first category is Italy Italy, second category is reptiles,

724
00:39:34,960 --> 00:39:40,440
Speaker 4: and third category is beauty beauty. So how do you wager?

725
00:39:41,200 --> 00:39:43,080
Speaker 4: How would you like to wager your bed?

726
00:39:43,239 --> 00:39:45,800
Speaker 2: I'm going to do the split. But if you embarrass

727
00:39:45,880 --> 00:39:47,719
Speaker 2: me on a question about Italy, we're going to have.

728
00:39:47,680 --> 00:39:49,000
Speaker 4: Words after this.

729
00:39:49,160 --> 00:39:51,839
Speaker 2: So I'm going to put I know, spartan garage you US,

730
00:39:51,920 --> 00:39:54,080
Speaker 2: I will follow you.

731
00:39:53,360 --> 00:39:55,320
Speaker 5: All right. I'm going to put wait where you're doubling

732
00:39:55,320 --> 00:39:58,880
Speaker 5: down twenty on reptiles? Nothing US.

733
00:39:59,000 --> 00:39:59,719
Speaker 6: You're going in?

734
00:40:01,120 --> 00:40:04,560
Speaker 2: Why do you remember reading a single story about reptiles?

735
00:40:05,600 --> 00:40:07,640
Speaker 5: But oh I did remember what?

736
00:40:07,760 --> 00:40:09,719
Speaker 2: Okay, I've met a few snakes in my life too.

737
00:40:09,760 --> 00:40:11,880
Speaker 2: All right, Lisa, let's see how we are in Italy.

738
00:40:11,920 --> 00:40:17,799
Speaker 4: Okay, Italy Italy Italy bratsally, I hope I said that right.

739
00:40:21,640 --> 00:40:24,320
Speaker 4: It found it. It was founded in the Asiago plateau.

740
00:40:24,400 --> 00:40:24,600
Speaker 5: Okay.

741
00:40:24,640 --> 00:40:27,920
Speaker 4: They recently secured a loan of eleven point four million

742
00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:32,880
Speaker 4: dollars using what product as collateral? Okay, so it's founded

743
00:40:32,960 --> 00:40:39,160
Speaker 4: in the Asiago. Yeah, yeah, yeah, we got it as collateral.

744
00:40:39,560 --> 00:40:41,399
Speaker 2: Except my dyslexy. I'm flipping the letter.

745
00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:42,360
Speaker 6: I got this.

746
00:40:42,480 --> 00:40:43,719
Speaker 4: Okay, that was pretty quick.

747
00:40:43,760 --> 00:40:44,560
Speaker 5: Okay.

748
00:40:44,680 --> 00:40:50,640
Speaker 4: Cheese very good. They borrowed money against cheese still maturing

749
00:40:50,680 --> 00:40:51,400
Speaker 4: in its warehouse.

750
00:40:52,640 --> 00:40:55,000
Speaker 2: Is like big wheels of parmesan. They're like a commodity.

751
00:40:55,040 --> 00:40:56,839
Speaker 2: You can do futures on them, you can trade on them.

752
00:40:56,880 --> 00:40:59,960
Speaker 2: It's very interesting. Yes, yes, I'm going to keep my shoes.

753
00:41:00,160 --> 00:41:01,480
Speaker 2: Guys are doing well.

754
00:41:01,520 --> 00:41:04,160
Speaker 4: You have a good story from David. Okay, shall we

755
00:41:04,160 --> 00:41:04,880
Speaker 4: go to reptile.

756
00:41:04,960 --> 00:41:05,880
Speaker 2: I'm concerned about this.

757
00:41:06,880 --> 00:41:09,759
Speaker 4: I remember the story too, Okay. Clinics were set up

758
00:41:09,800 --> 00:41:13,280
Speaker 4: for bite victims after flooding in China caused a mass

759
00:41:13,800 --> 00:41:19,840
Speaker 4: escape of Which kind of reptile this was in China?

760
00:41:19,920 --> 00:41:21,200
Speaker 2: How specific do we have to be?

761
00:41:22,040 --> 00:41:24,440
Speaker 4: What's the name of the rep what type of reptile?

762
00:41:24,760 --> 00:41:26,880
Speaker 4: Name a reptile, any reptile.

763
00:41:26,800 --> 00:41:27,600
Speaker 5: You can't think.

764
00:41:30,040 --> 00:41:34,359
Speaker 4: Okay, okay, I'm gonna and flooding causes snakes.

765
00:41:34,000 --> 00:41:37,880
Speaker 3: But then cobras and parentheses. But I actually didn't write that.

766
00:41:38,120 --> 00:41:40,960
Speaker 3: I just wrote snakes. I knew we could go broad.

767
00:41:41,000 --> 00:41:48,320
Speaker 3: I was giving you more than I had the foresight

768
00:41:48,440 --> 00:41:50,160
Speaker 3: to clarify my answer.

769
00:41:51,960 --> 00:41:52,800
Speaker 8: Unfair.

770
00:41:55,560 --> 00:41:57,520
Speaker 4: Hundreds of snakes actually escape from.

771
00:41:57,400 --> 00:41:59,799
Speaker 5: Pictures farms pictures.

772
00:41:59,800 --> 00:42:03,400
Speaker 4: No, we don't, but of coortunately. Sorry, David put me

773
00:42:03,440 --> 00:42:03,880
Speaker 4: on the spot.

774
00:42:03,920 --> 00:42:09,920
Speaker 3: There there's water, the water, they're like lizards poking out.

775
00:42:09,920 --> 00:42:11,920
Speaker 5: They're like we're poking up out of the water like that.

776
00:42:12,800 --> 00:42:13,880
Speaker 2: Welcome to insanity.

777
00:42:13,960 --> 00:42:15,080
Speaker 5: Yeah, it was very crazy.

778
00:42:15,120 --> 00:42:18,000
Speaker 2: They were captive and then they flooded.

779
00:42:17,640 --> 00:42:20,080
Speaker 4: And they were in breeding farms, and because the flooding happened,

780
00:42:20,080 --> 00:42:22,239
Speaker 4: they all escaped, and that was the craziness of it.

781
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:24,240
Speaker 4: So hundreds of them. People started getting bitten.

782
00:42:24,360 --> 00:42:24,640
Speaker 5: It was.

783
00:42:24,680 --> 00:42:25,279
Speaker 8: It was quite a.

784
00:42:25,320 --> 00:42:28,160
Speaker 2: Story covered floods. The worst thing covered floods is that

785
00:42:28,160 --> 00:42:30,480
Speaker 2: water is so dark and you can't see into it,

786
00:42:30,520 --> 00:42:32,279
Speaker 2: and you just you can't think about what is in

787
00:42:32,360 --> 00:42:32,719
Speaker 2: that water.

788
00:42:33,400 --> 00:42:36,600
Speaker 3: And it was breeding farms. There's an old country song

789
00:42:36,640 --> 00:42:40,160
Speaker 3: called snake farms. Is there snake farm? It's a reptile house.

790
00:42:40,239 --> 00:42:41,600
Speaker 2: I think you should kind of play that for us.

791
00:42:42,120 --> 00:42:46,040
Speaker 3: You don't have the right, right great song saying that,

792
00:42:46,239 --> 00:42:48,319
Speaker 3: Robert O'Keane, maybe you're us.

793
00:42:48,960 --> 00:42:49,439
Speaker 1: He's good.

794
00:42:49,560 --> 00:42:52,160
Speaker 5: I'm good. I'm just so good because I'm winning with thirty.

795
00:42:52,640 --> 00:42:54,640
Speaker 5: Lisa is on the table.

796
00:42:54,920 --> 00:42:56,839
Speaker 4: But don't worry, don't worry, I don't worry. We still

797
00:42:57,000 --> 00:42:58,239
Speaker 4: we still have a bonus. But we got to get

798
00:42:58,239 --> 00:43:01,920
Speaker 4: through the third catagory. Okay, beauty, this is where Christine

799
00:43:01,960 --> 00:43:04,160
Speaker 4: is making up for it. Cover Girl is pivoting its

800
00:43:04,200 --> 00:43:07,880
Speaker 4: marketing towards which generation that's expected to be the highest

801
00:43:07,920 --> 00:43:11,560
Speaker 4: spending for years to come. So what generation are they

802
00:43:11,560 --> 00:43:15,040
Speaker 4: now targeting? After all this time Cover Girl, we're talking

803
00:43:15,040 --> 00:43:19,840
Speaker 4: about Okay, David, thanks, Yes, Alpha Jen Alpha No Jen.

804
00:43:20,040 --> 00:43:23,200
Speaker 5: X Oho, it's Jenna Eggs. Yes.

805
00:43:24,120 --> 00:43:27,879
Speaker 4: Women in their forties, fifties, early sixties. They think they're

806
00:43:27,920 --> 00:43:29,240
Speaker 4: gonna be why.

807
00:43:29,080 --> 00:43:31,600
Speaker 2: They're saying they're going to continue to market to us

808
00:43:31,640 --> 00:43:33,640
Speaker 2: that we need to not age and we will therefore

809
00:43:33,800 --> 00:43:36,640
Speaker 2: be spending more and more on Beauty Project products.

810
00:43:36,680 --> 00:43:38,680
Speaker 5: If you want to take it that way heavy, this

811
00:43:38,719 --> 00:43:41,120
Speaker 5: is a weekend show. Let's keep it light please. How

812
00:43:41,160 --> 00:43:42,040
Speaker 5: many do you have over there?

813
00:43:42,280 --> 00:43:42,480
Speaker 1: Oh?

814
00:43:42,600 --> 00:43:43,640
Speaker 4: Christina?

815
00:43:43,760 --> 00:43:45,880
Speaker 2: I'm getting very betrayed. You've let the systems.

816
00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:49,000
Speaker 4: It's okay, I have your chips. Okay, let's let's go

817
00:43:49,040 --> 00:43:51,000
Speaker 4: to the bonus because if you if you get the bonus,

818
00:43:51,080 --> 00:43:53,040
Speaker 4: I'll give you these twenty backs.

819
00:43:53,040 --> 00:43:56,600
Speaker 5: I don't think so Okay, here's a bonus.

820
00:43:56,640 --> 00:43:58,440
Speaker 4: Oh you're gonna love this sports.

821
00:43:58,040 --> 00:44:00,600
Speaker 5: Sports all right, live, excuse we love it.

822
00:44:01,200 --> 00:44:04,960
Speaker 4: Australia is financing a sports team and pop Wan New

823
00:44:05,000 --> 00:44:09,600
Speaker 4: Guinea to combat Chinese influence. What sport will they play?

824
00:44:09,840 --> 00:44:09,880
Speaker 8: So?

825
00:44:09,960 --> 00:44:11,400
Speaker 5: What sort are they going to play?

826
00:44:11,800 --> 00:44:19,640
Speaker 4: Australia New Guinea to combat combat Chinese rugby? You won't rugby?

827
00:44:19,800 --> 00:44:21,000
Speaker 2: I wrote handball.

828
00:44:21,239 --> 00:44:22,920
Speaker 4: You rugby is correct.

829
00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:28,200
Speaker 5: The best day. I'm so excited. I just have her

830
00:44:28,320 --> 00:44:30,400
Speaker 5: twenty chips add to it.

831
00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:37,520
Speaker 4: A day she has never ended with zero.

832
00:44:37,920 --> 00:44:41,440
Speaker 3: I ever ever ship to zoom in on that stack

833
00:44:41,480 --> 00:44:44,680
Speaker 3: of thirty before me, Lisa, thank you very much, pointed

834
00:44:44,719 --> 00:44:47,400
Speaker 3: always the highlight for me of our show.

835
00:44:47,600 --> 00:44:49,160
Speaker 5: Oh my god, you'll have to clean.

836
00:44:50,160 --> 00:44:51,960
Speaker 2: Pester knowledge and see if you could do better than me,

837
00:44:52,000 --> 00:44:54,080
Speaker 2: which is not a high bar. This week, all ten

838
00:44:54,200 --> 00:44:56,720
Speaker 2: questions are on the point of news quiz at Bloomberg

839
00:44:56,760 --> 00:45:01,800
Speaker 2: dot Com. Slash pointed and The Bloomberg. Thanks for joining

840
00:45:01,880 --> 00:45:04,799
Speaker 2: us on today's Bloomberg This Weekend podcast. Don't forget to

841
00:45:04,840 --> 00:45:07,640
Speaker 2: tune in live for the show every Saturday and Sunday morning,

842
00:45:07,719 --> 00:45:09,080
Speaker 2: starting at seven am Eastern.

843
00:45:09,120 --> 00:45:12,120
Speaker 3: We're on Bloomberg Television Radio and the Bloomberg Business App,

844
00:45:12,239 --> 00:45:16,360
Speaker 3: bringing you unique takes and in depth interviews on news, politics, lifestyle,

845
00:45:16,480 --> 00:45:17,040
Speaker 3: and culture.