1 00:00:08,640 --> 00:00:11,960 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm Lauren Vogelbon and 2 00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:19,600 Speaker 1: I'm Annie Reese, and today we're talking about popcorn. Popcorn 3 00:00:19,600 --> 00:00:21,680 Speaker 1: is one of Annie's very favorite things on the planet. 4 00:00:21,880 --> 00:00:24,560 Speaker 1: Like she's just sitting she's sort of vibrating right now. 5 00:00:24,640 --> 00:00:28,200 Speaker 1: I know Lauren recently gave me some popcorn and I 6 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:30,160 Speaker 1: had three bags in it, and I ate all three 7 00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:34,479 Speaker 1: bags that day, like not even it was maybe two 8 00:00:34,479 --> 00:00:38,239 Speaker 1: hour period. I realized after I left that day that like, 9 00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:41,280 Speaker 1: maybe I shouldn't have left you with that much microwave popcorn. 10 00:00:41,720 --> 00:00:45,040 Speaker 1: I can't here resist. I probably mentioned popcorn at least 11 00:00:45,080 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 1: once a day. I don't know how. Um I love it. 12 00:00:51,120 --> 00:00:54,080 Speaker 1: It's delicious. There's a place downstairs that's really good popcorn. 13 00:00:54,360 --> 00:00:57,080 Speaker 1: Oh oh yeah, yeah, it's dangerous. I know every day 14 00:00:57,120 --> 00:00:59,240 Speaker 1: I'm like I could, I could go down. They could 15 00:00:59,240 --> 00:01:01,760 Speaker 1: just be there right now. And I also recently just 16 00:01:01,800 --> 00:01:03,680 Speaker 1: went into a movie theater to get the popcorn and 17 00:01:03,720 --> 00:01:07,080 Speaker 1: the guy was like, so well, which he's going to 18 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:09,119 Speaker 1: direct me to? The theater? Was like, oh no, this 19 00:01:09,160 --> 00:01:11,520 Speaker 1: is this is all I'm here for. I'm leaving. I 20 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:14,160 Speaker 1: just got my popcorn. That's all. That's all I wanted. 21 00:01:15,480 --> 00:01:20,280 Speaker 1: Um that aside. We are currently recording this uh in November, 22 00:01:20,440 --> 00:01:22,280 Speaker 1: and in a round this time of year, a lot 23 00:01:22,319 --> 00:01:25,280 Speaker 1: of big movies come out. Popcorn is a thing at 24 00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:27,800 Speaker 1: movie theaters, it is, and that is the thing that 25 00:01:27,840 --> 00:01:30,680 Speaker 1: we will be talking about. Yeah, that story is great. Yeah, 26 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:34,440 Speaker 1: but also if you're like me, maybe you just eat 27 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:36,559 Speaker 1: popcorn all the time. Movie or not you think about 28 00:01:36,560 --> 00:01:40,280 Speaker 1: it all the time, maybe or not? In either case, popcorn? 29 00:01:40,680 --> 00:01:42,880 Speaker 1: What is it? What is it? Well, it's a type 30 00:01:42,880 --> 00:01:46,679 Speaker 1: of corn colonel scientifically known as za mays everta, that 31 00:01:46,720 --> 00:01:50,480 Speaker 1: when dried and then exposed to heat, pops into this 32 00:01:50,640 --> 00:01:53,960 Speaker 1: lovely cloud like thing. There are about twenty varieties of 33 00:01:53,960 --> 00:01:55,480 Speaker 1: corn that do this, but the two that we use 34 00:01:55,560 --> 00:01:58,040 Speaker 1: the most are rice popcorn. The colonels kind of looked 35 00:01:58,080 --> 00:02:02,800 Speaker 1: like rice, huh, and pel popcorn. Guess what they look like? Pearls. Yeah. 36 00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:05,640 Speaker 1: So you get the outside, this hard hull, and then 37 00:02:06,040 --> 00:02:09,680 Speaker 1: outer indo sperm, which surrounds the starchy white inner in 38 00:02:09,680 --> 00:02:14,160 Speaker 1: indo sperm with an ideal moisture of about the moisture 39 00:02:14,280 --> 00:02:17,639 Speaker 1: is important because at around two and twelve degrees fahrenheit 40 00:02:17,680 --> 00:02:21,600 Speaker 1: are one degrees celsius. The moisture turns the steam until 41 00:02:21,639 --> 00:02:24,440 Speaker 1: it causes the kernel to rip apart inside out, like 42 00:02:24,760 --> 00:02:28,359 Speaker 1: increasing in size by about twenty to forty times, giving 43 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:31,880 Speaker 1: you popcorn handling. An exposure to air can impact the 44 00:02:31,919 --> 00:02:35,120 Speaker 1: moisture content, which is why you're advised the store kernels 45 00:02:35,160 --> 00:02:37,840 Speaker 1: and an air tight container if the package has been 46 00:02:37,840 --> 00:02:41,600 Speaker 1: opened until you're ready to pop them. That's because the 47 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:46,079 Speaker 1: steam alone will not make a popcorn kernel explode. Every 48 00:02:46,120 --> 00:02:49,640 Speaker 1: successful kernel of popcorn is a tiny pressure cooker. The 49 00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:53,800 Speaker 1: hull holds in the moisture and the increasing heat because 50 00:02:53,840 --> 00:02:56,320 Speaker 1: you're not just heating the kernels to waters boiling point. 51 00:02:56,400 --> 00:02:58,480 Speaker 1: You take them all the way up to a degrees 52 00:02:58,560 --> 00:03:02,519 Speaker 1: celsius or three hundred and fifty six degrees fahrenheit. I'm 53 00:03:02,520 --> 00:03:05,079 Speaker 1: being precise about this because this is the number. This 54 00:03:05,120 --> 00:03:07,880 Speaker 1: is the number at which the vast majority of popcorn 55 00:03:08,360 --> 00:03:11,680 Speaker 1: Colonel's pop uh so so pressure okay, builds up inside 56 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:13,959 Speaker 1: the kernel all the way to a hundred and thirty 57 00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:16,720 Speaker 1: five pounds per square inch, which is, by the way, 58 00:03:16,720 --> 00:03:18,680 Speaker 1: about twice as much pressure as there is inside of 59 00:03:18,680 --> 00:03:24,920 Speaker 1: a bottle of champagne or semitruck tire oh champagne reference um. 60 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:28,520 Speaker 1: The pressure overwhelms the structural integrity of the hull, and 61 00:03:28,560 --> 00:03:31,119 Speaker 1: the whole thing bursts. If you mess with the whole, 62 00:03:31,360 --> 00:03:33,440 Speaker 1: you'll wind up with the dad. You don't want a dud. 63 00:03:33,520 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: You don't want to du But why does the kernel 64 00:03:37,040 --> 00:03:42,040 Speaker 1: go off fluffy? The trapped steam basically gelatinizes the content 65 00:03:42,400 --> 00:03:44,920 Speaker 1: of the kernel, so when the whole bursts and the 66 00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:48,640 Speaker 1: contents spill out, air is forced into that matrix of 67 00:03:48,680 --> 00:03:52,560 Speaker 1: proteins and starches, creating a foam that rapidly cools into 68 00:03:52,560 --> 00:03:56,440 Speaker 1: that solid fluff. And timing is key here. Heating popcorn 69 00:03:56,480 --> 00:03:59,280 Speaker 1: too quickly doesn't give the insides time to gelatinize, but 70 00:03:59,360 --> 00:04:01,400 Speaker 1: heating it too lowly will make the tip of the 71 00:04:01,440 --> 00:04:05,320 Speaker 1: kernels soft, allowing steam to leak out instead of building up. 72 00:04:05,480 --> 00:04:08,400 Speaker 1: The distinctive noise that popcorn makes when it pops was 73 00:04:08,440 --> 00:04:11,960 Speaker 1: only figured out for certain in when researchers out of 74 00:04:12,000 --> 00:04:15,520 Speaker 1: France used high speed imaging and audio recordings to take 75 00:04:15,520 --> 00:04:18,920 Speaker 1: a closer look at popcorn. Uh it's the noise of 76 00:04:19,160 --> 00:04:23,520 Speaker 1: water vapor escaping rapidly, amplified by the cavity that it's 77 00:04:23,640 --> 00:04:26,919 Speaker 1: leaving inside the kernel. They also found that the colonels 78 00:04:27,000 --> 00:04:29,680 Speaker 1: jump when they pop because the first like leg of 79 00:04:29,680 --> 00:04:32,800 Speaker 1: expanding starch that escapes from the hull uh and and 80 00:04:32,880 --> 00:04:35,680 Speaker 1: hits the pan or the bag will first compress from 81 00:04:35,720 --> 00:04:38,719 Speaker 1: the change in pressure and then expand rapidly. And this 82 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:41,200 Speaker 1: action works like a springer or like like your leg, 83 00:04:41,480 --> 00:04:46,359 Speaker 1: vaulting the kernel into the air. The researchers developed this 84 00:04:46,440 --> 00:04:49,400 Speaker 1: imaging equipment not to study popcorn, but rather to study 85 00:04:49,440 --> 00:04:52,880 Speaker 1: the physical dynamics of living plants, like how trees break 86 00:04:53,000 --> 00:04:56,159 Speaker 1: during storms. They bent it towards popcorn to give physics 87 00:04:56,200 --> 00:04:59,239 Speaker 1: teachers a fun way to demonstrate difficult principles to their students. 88 00:04:59,480 --> 00:05:02,520 Speaker 1: They told the l A Times, this literally gives an 89 00:05:02,560 --> 00:05:07,880 Speaker 1: appetite for science. That's excellent. M h. And it is 90 00:05:08,000 --> 00:05:10,560 Speaker 1: a very popular snack food at the movies, like we mentioned, 91 00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:13,080 Speaker 1: but also more generally when I was in through it 92 00:05:13,120 --> 00:05:14,920 Speaker 1: was served before a lot of my meals. It's kind 93 00:05:14,920 --> 00:05:18,000 Speaker 1: of like you know, your chips. They had popcorn, and 94 00:05:18,080 --> 00:05:23,560 Speaker 1: people purchased one billion, one million, two sixty two thousand 95 00:05:24,240 --> 00:05:28,039 Speaker 1: pounds of popcorn, and Americans eat about thirteen billion quarts 96 00:05:28,080 --> 00:05:31,360 Speaker 1: a year, which comes out to forty two quarts of persons. 97 00:05:31,400 --> 00:05:34,360 Speaker 1: I bet a lot of that's Most of the world's 98 00:05:34,360 --> 00:05:38,040 Speaker 1: popcorn has grown in the American Midwest, and the best 99 00:05:38,080 --> 00:05:41,720 Speaker 1: time for sales is in the fall. It's the official 100 00:05:41,880 --> 00:05:45,640 Speaker 1: state snack of Illinois. State snacks. Still don't understand it, 101 00:05:46,880 --> 00:05:49,400 Speaker 1: You've got a lot to learn, Lauren. The popcorn industry 102 00:05:49,440 --> 00:05:52,680 Speaker 1: comes with its own set of fun terminology. Oh yeah, 103 00:05:52,920 --> 00:05:56,760 Speaker 1: the kernel is called the flake. Popability refers to the 104 00:05:56,800 --> 00:06:00,799 Speaker 1: percent amount of popped kernels. The two basic popcorn shapes 105 00:06:00,839 --> 00:06:04,400 Speaker 1: are butterfly and mushroom. Mushroom is a sturdier and more 106 00:06:04,440 --> 00:06:07,640 Speaker 1: often used in candy wild Butterfly is bigger and more 107 00:06:07,640 --> 00:06:10,000 Speaker 1: pleasing into the eye, So when you get straight up popcorn, 108 00:06:10,240 --> 00:06:14,080 Speaker 1: it's probably butterfly. Un pop popcorn are called spinsters, but 109 00:06:14,200 --> 00:06:19,520 Speaker 1: they should be called Bachelorett's right, and a quality popcorn 110 00:06:20,040 --> 00:06:23,279 Speaker 1: should yield less than two percent of those And who 111 00:06:23,279 --> 00:06:27,839 Speaker 1: could forget the bridesmaids are the kernels that partially pop. Wow. 112 00:06:28,200 --> 00:06:29,560 Speaker 1: I didn't know that we were going to run into 113 00:06:29,600 --> 00:06:34,360 Speaker 1: such like weirdly gendered. I know terminology and the popcorn episode. 114 00:06:34,520 --> 00:06:37,320 Speaker 1: It's everywhere we can make we can make everything weird. 115 00:06:37,400 --> 00:06:41,880 Speaker 1: That's great, and hey, that's a great transition to go 116 00:06:42,200 --> 00:06:45,040 Speaker 1: to a break for a word from one of our 117 00:06:45,120 --> 00:07:00,000 Speaker 1: lovely and not weird sponsors, and we're back, Thank you sponsor. Okay, 118 00:07:00,160 --> 00:07:02,560 Speaker 1: So here's where we get into the history of popcorn, 119 00:07:03,680 --> 00:07:05,599 Speaker 1: which is not going to be a history of corn 120 00:07:06,760 --> 00:07:11,120 Speaker 1: too much, way too much. Well, come back on a 121 00:07:11,200 --> 00:07:15,360 Speaker 1: later date, all right. The type of maze that gives 122 00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:19,480 Speaker 1: us popcorn was domesticated around five thousand BC in Central 123 00:07:19,520 --> 00:07:23,680 Speaker 1: and South America. Researchers think that all early corns might 124 00:07:23,760 --> 00:07:27,360 Speaker 1: have been popcorn. Non popping varieties would really only be 125 00:07:27,400 --> 00:07:30,720 Speaker 1: developed later through cultivation. And it wasn't that folks didn't 126 00:07:30,720 --> 00:07:32,680 Speaker 1: like popcorn and we're trying to cultivate away from it. 127 00:07:32,680 --> 00:07:35,600 Speaker 1: It's it's just that popcorn is generally inedible when it's 128 00:07:35,680 --> 00:07:38,280 Speaker 1: raw due to the thickness and hardness of the hull, 129 00:07:38,480 --> 00:07:40,280 Speaker 1: so you'd have to either grind it into a flower 130 00:07:40,600 --> 00:07:42,400 Speaker 1: or pop it in order to make some use out 131 00:07:42,440 --> 00:07:45,720 Speaker 1: of it. Ancient corn cobs found on Pru's northern coast 132 00:07:45,720 --> 00:07:48,960 Speaker 1: suggests that people have been eating popcorn for over six thousand, 133 00:07:49,000 --> 00:07:52,960 Speaker 1: seven hundred years. They most likely would wrap the corn 134 00:07:53,160 --> 00:07:55,400 Speaker 1: and place it on coals or roasted in a fire, 135 00:07:56,000 --> 00:07:59,280 Speaker 1: and it wasn't something they would have enjoyed frequently. Right, 136 00:07:59,360 --> 00:08:01,400 Speaker 1: The evidence as seems to say that it was either 137 00:08:01,480 --> 00:08:05,679 Speaker 1: a delicacy or just an occasional addition to the diet. 138 00:08:06,840 --> 00:08:10,680 Speaker 1: Colonels and popcorn discovered by Herbert Dick and Earl Smith 139 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:14,240 Speaker 1: in in a cave called the bat Cave in New Mexico. 140 00:08:14,840 --> 00:08:21,760 Speaker 1: That bat Cave? Are we sure? Yeah? Not that bat cave? Wow? 141 00:08:22,840 --> 00:08:28,000 Speaker 1: Still probably pretty interesting place. Oh yeah. The colonels and 142 00:08:28,040 --> 00:08:30,679 Speaker 1: popcorn discovered there were carbondated to five thousand, six hundred 143 00:08:30,760 --> 00:08:33,600 Speaker 1: years old. The colonels were in such good condition they 144 00:08:33,640 --> 00:08:36,520 Speaker 1: could still pop. They didn't pop them, they studied them, 145 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:40,000 Speaker 1: but they could have popped them. Oh man, Yeah. Circupt 146 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:43,360 Speaker 1: three hundred CE. Mexico funeral urns with images of amazed 147 00:08:43,360 --> 00:08:49,480 Speaker 1: God show him sporting a headdress decorated with popcorn. Signs 148 00:08:49,480 --> 00:08:53,880 Speaker 1: of popcorn pop up all over Central and South America 149 00:08:54,040 --> 00:08:59,880 Speaker 1: over the next centuries, especially prevalent in Mexico, Peru, and Guatemala. 150 00:09:00,440 --> 00:09:06,160 Speaker 1: The web blow and Iroquois for sure consume popcorn. French 151 00:09:06,200 --> 00:09:09,200 Speaker 1: explorers wrote that the Iroquois placed colonels and pots filled 152 00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:11,400 Speaker 1: with hot sand to pop them. I love all these 153 00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:16,640 Speaker 1: like innovation ways to find pop popcorn. According to a 154 00:09:16,679 --> 00:09:19,960 Speaker 1: couple of historians, some Native American tribes believed each popcorn 155 00:09:20,000 --> 00:09:23,480 Speaker 1: kernel housed peaceful spirits. Well, they were peaceful until you 156 00:09:23,559 --> 00:09:26,200 Speaker 1: started heating out their house, which made them shake the 157 00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:29,640 Speaker 1: kernels with increasing anger, until pop they bust out, leaving 158 00:09:29,640 --> 00:09:32,760 Speaker 1: a cloud of steam in their weak And I think 159 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:34,800 Speaker 1: I read somewhere I don't believe this is true, but 160 00:09:34,840 --> 00:09:37,400 Speaker 1: I read that, like when you say someone's steaming with anger, 161 00:09:37,559 --> 00:09:41,960 Speaker 1: that that's what it's about. Um. And that brings us 162 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:44,960 Speaker 1: to the early sixteenth century when popcorn was a particular 163 00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:48,600 Speaker 1: significance to the Aztecs. Talking about the Aztecs again, apart 164 00:09:48,640 --> 00:09:51,360 Speaker 1: from snacking on it, they use popcorn as a decoration, 165 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:56,040 Speaker 1: as embellishments for ceremonies, ornamental decoration on statues of their gods. 166 00:09:56,800 --> 00:10:01,080 Speaker 1: Bernardino de Sahagoon wrote in his observations of popcorn's importance 167 00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:04,880 Speaker 1: to the Aztecs. Quote and also a number of young 168 00:10:04,920 --> 00:10:08,360 Speaker 1: women danced, having so vowed a popcorn dance. As thick 169 00:10:08,400 --> 00:10:12,440 Speaker 1: as tassels of maize were their popcorn garlands. Yeah, popcorn dance. 170 00:10:13,080 --> 00:10:16,360 Speaker 1: Another written account by a Spanish observer of an Aztec ceremony, 171 00:10:16,400 --> 00:10:20,400 Speaker 1: described it dustly. They scattered before him parched corn called 172 00:10:20,559 --> 00:10:23,920 Speaker 1: mono kittle, kind of corn which burst when parched and 173 00:10:24,080 --> 00:10:26,959 Speaker 1: discloses its contents and makes itself look like a very 174 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:29,920 Speaker 1: white flower. They said these were hailstones given to the 175 00:10:29,960 --> 00:10:33,960 Speaker 1: god of water yep. And there was even a word 176 00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:36,600 Speaker 1: in the Aztec language for the sound of several colonels 177 00:10:36,600 --> 00:10:40,439 Speaker 1: popping at the same time. Toto PoCA, speaking of the Spanish. 178 00:10:40,520 --> 00:10:44,160 Speaker 1: After Cortez invaded the Aztec Empire in fifteen nineteen, one 179 00:10:44,200 --> 00:10:46,800 Speaker 1: of the spoils he spread around the world was popcorn, 180 00:10:47,160 --> 00:10:49,920 Speaker 1: and slowly people started to figure out how it worked. 181 00:10:51,800 --> 00:10:55,480 Speaker 1: Felix de Azara encountered popcorn during his exploration of Paraguay, 182 00:10:55,600 --> 00:10:58,760 Speaker 1: writing wild and fat are oil. The grains burst without 183 00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:02,400 Speaker 1: becoming detached, and their results a super bouquet fit to 184 00:11:02,440 --> 00:11:05,240 Speaker 1: adorn a lady's hair at night, without anyone knowing what 185 00:11:05,320 --> 00:11:08,040 Speaker 1: it was. I've often eaten these burst greens and found 186 00:11:08,080 --> 00:11:12,480 Speaker 1: them very good. Well wow, what words of praise. As 187 00:11:12,520 --> 00:11:15,040 Speaker 1: colonists arrived to the New World, the Native Americans introduced 188 00:11:15,080 --> 00:11:17,520 Speaker 1: them to popcorn, a snack they adopted as their own. 189 00:11:17,520 --> 00:11:20,600 Speaker 1: The colonist and also sometimes added milk and sugar too, 190 00:11:20,640 --> 00:11:24,000 Speaker 1: as a sort of popcorn cereal. Yeah, first first air 191 00:11:24,040 --> 00:11:29,640 Speaker 1: popped breakfast cereal. Yeah. And also also sometimes they would 192 00:11:29,679 --> 00:11:32,160 Speaker 1: pop it with some molasses to make something kind of 193 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:37,560 Speaker 1: like today's kettle corn. And guess who enjoyed the whole 194 00:11:37,600 --> 00:11:45,040 Speaker 1: popcorn as a cereal thing. Years later, one John Harvey Kellogg, Yes, 195 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:48,520 Speaker 1: that Keller. He approved of something he did heck and 196 00:11:48,600 --> 00:11:51,000 Speaker 1: his wife Ella, She called it an excellent food, and 197 00:11:51,200 --> 00:11:55,880 Speaker 1: John lauded popcorn as quote easily digestible and to the 198 00:11:55,960 --> 00:11:59,160 Speaker 1: highest degree wholesome, presenting the grain in its entirety, and 199 00:11:59,240 --> 00:12:02,960 Speaker 1: hint superior too many d natured breakfast foods which are 200 00:12:02,960 --> 00:12:08,040 Speaker 1: found in the market. Yeah, well, there you go, always 201 00:12:08,040 --> 00:12:11,640 Speaker 1: popping up. I didn't even mean to do it, Okay. 202 00:12:12,320 --> 00:12:15,240 Speaker 1: By the eighteen twenties, popcorn kernels being sold under the 203 00:12:15,320 --> 00:12:18,400 Speaker 1: names pearl or non per yell. Never know how to 204 00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:20,000 Speaker 1: pronounce that, for sure, but it's the same word used 205 00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:25,120 Speaker 1: for sprinkles in the Eastern US, and John Russell Bartlett 206 00:12:25,280 --> 00:12:30,080 Speaker 1: included popcorn and his Dictionary of Americanisms. Despite being a 207 00:12:30,080 --> 00:12:32,720 Speaker 1: popular snack in the colonies, they found it not only 208 00:12:32,760 --> 00:12:35,680 Speaker 1: tasty but entertaining you had to get your entertainment somehow. 209 00:12:36,160 --> 00:12:38,199 Speaker 1: In the nineteenth century, people didn't really have a great 210 00:12:38,200 --> 00:12:41,040 Speaker 1: way to pop popcorn. They tried all kinds of things, though, 211 00:12:41,040 --> 00:12:44,360 Speaker 1: including throwing kernels and hot ash into kettles of hot 212 00:12:44,440 --> 00:12:48,280 Speaker 1: lard or butter, or into these wire boxes attached to 213 00:12:48,559 --> 00:12:50,959 Speaker 1: a long wooden handle, and then you'd stick them over 214 00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:55,400 Speaker 1: a fire. That was the most popular way. Enter Charles 215 00:12:55,559 --> 00:12:59,640 Speaker 1: Creeturs of Chicago's Seas, of Chicago's Sea, Creeters and Company, 216 00:12:59,679 --> 00:13:03,960 Speaker 1: that's a lot of seas and Creators showed up to 217 00:13:04,080 --> 00:13:09,160 Speaker 1: Chicago's World Columbian Exposition with general please, I don't know 218 00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:11,079 Speaker 1: if you could hear that, but it was there a 219 00:13:11,280 --> 00:13:16,839 Speaker 1: mobile popcorn machine. Scientific American described it like this. The apparatus, 220 00:13:16,840 --> 00:13:19,120 Speaker 1: which is light and strong and weighing but four hundred 221 00:13:19,200 --> 00:13:22,120 Speaker 1: or five hundred pounds, can be drawn readily by a 222 00:13:22,200 --> 00:13:25,680 Speaker 1: boy or by a small pony to any picnic, ground, fair, 223 00:13:25,720 --> 00:13:28,920 Speaker 1: political rally, et cetera, and too many other places where 224 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:31,120 Speaker 1: a good business could be done for a day or two. 225 00:13:32,760 --> 00:13:34,559 Speaker 1: Creators was the owner of a candy store, and he 226 00:13:34,600 --> 00:13:37,480 Speaker 1: got the idea for the mobile popcorn machine after working 227 00:13:37,480 --> 00:13:41,000 Speaker 1: on improving his peanut roasting machine. Both were powered by 228 00:13:41,080 --> 00:13:45,600 Speaker 1: steam and by He brought horse drawn popcorn wagons to 229 00:13:45,640 --> 00:13:51,000 Speaker 1: the scene. Uh, and cracker jacks, cracker jacks such as 230 00:13:51,120 --> 00:13:53,520 Speaker 1: for those of you don't know, it's the snack. Um, 231 00:13:53,559 --> 00:13:56,079 Speaker 1: it's a mix of molasses covered popcorn and peanuts. It 232 00:13:56,240 --> 00:13:59,520 Speaker 1: debuted in the nineties. Um. That name, by the way, 233 00:13:59,559 --> 00:14:01,760 Speaker 1: probably was from the popular sling at the time, meaning 234 00:14:01,800 --> 00:14:05,040 Speaker 1: first rate or excellent cracker jack, cracker Jack. Yeah, and 235 00:14:05,080 --> 00:14:06,920 Speaker 1: the song take Me out to the ballgame, the line 236 00:14:06,960 --> 00:14:08,920 Speaker 1: buy me some peanuts and cracker jacks came out in 237 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:12,120 Speaker 1: nineteen eight and we still sing this at baseball games 238 00:14:12,320 --> 00:14:15,200 Speaker 1: in the US. Yeah, yeah, what do you sing in 239 00:14:15,520 --> 00:14:18,640 Speaker 1: baseball games in other countries? Let us know exactly we 240 00:14:18,720 --> 00:14:21,440 Speaker 1: had that thought as as as I was saying. The 241 00:14:21,480 --> 00:14:24,920 Speaker 1: American Popcorn Company was founded by Cloyd Smith and Sioux City, 242 00:14:24,960 --> 00:14:28,560 Speaker 1: Iowa in nineteen fourteen, and they released America's first popcorn brand, 243 00:14:28,760 --> 00:14:33,040 Speaker 1: jolly Time, Jolly Time, Jolly Time. They started selling it 244 00:14:33,120 --> 00:14:39,280 Speaker 1: in cans with the ambitious slogan guaranteed to pop. Oh yeah, 245 00:14:39,440 --> 00:14:41,440 Speaker 1: that's not what it was at the time, really know, 246 00:14:41,640 --> 00:14:44,960 Speaker 1: it really wasn't. Due to its low price relative abundance 247 00:14:44,960 --> 00:14:48,560 Speaker 1: and ease of preparation. Popcorn experienced bumps during times of 248 00:14:48,600 --> 00:14:52,760 Speaker 1: hardship like the Great Depression and World War Two. In fact, 249 00:14:53,120 --> 00:14:55,520 Speaker 1: it was one of the few businesses that thrived during 250 00:14:55,520 --> 00:14:59,800 Speaker 1: the Great Depression, with stories like this one. One Oklahoma banker, 251 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:02,040 Speaker 1: really out of a job after his bank closed shop, 252 00:15:02,400 --> 00:15:04,720 Speaker 1: bought a popcorn machine and started selling it outside of 253 00:15:04,720 --> 00:15:07,600 Speaker 1: a theater, and from that alone, he made enough money 254 00:15:07,680 --> 00:15:10,800 Speaker 1: to buy back three farms he'd lost in two years. 255 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,200 Speaker 1: That's kind of stunning. Yeah, and this all ties into 256 00:15:15,360 --> 00:15:19,880 Speaker 1: how popcorn became like the ultimate movie theater snack, Right, 257 00:15:20,640 --> 00:15:24,800 Speaker 1: So how did that happen? Well? At first, movie theaters 258 00:15:24,880 --> 00:15:27,080 Speaker 1: really turned up their noses at the idea. They were 259 00:15:27,120 --> 00:15:30,720 Speaker 1: not excited about it. They didn't want people getting popcorn 260 00:15:30,760 --> 00:15:34,200 Speaker 1: all over their beautiful auditoriums. They wanted it to be 261 00:15:34,280 --> 00:15:37,720 Speaker 1: a place for the elite, attracting all those rich movie goers, 262 00:15:37,720 --> 00:15:39,920 Speaker 1: and they didn't want the loud and munching a popcorn 263 00:15:40,280 --> 00:15:44,720 Speaker 1: or the unsightly trash it would generate, impating that. In 264 00:15:45,840 --> 00:15:48,960 Speaker 1: seven though, the talkies or movies with sound start grazing 265 00:15:49,040 --> 00:15:51,680 Speaker 1: theater screens, which meant a wider audience. Since viewers no 266 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:54,760 Speaker 1: longer needed to be literate to enjoy a film, and 267 00:15:55,040 --> 00:15:57,680 Speaker 1: by nineteen thirty nine million people a week we're going 268 00:15:57,720 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 1: to the movies. Theater owners were thinking of ways to 269 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:03,080 Speaker 1: capitalize on this, and with the introduction of sound, selling 270 00:16:03,120 --> 00:16:05,840 Speaker 1: snacks didn't sound like such a terrible idea anymore, but 271 00:16:05,960 --> 00:16:10,840 Speaker 1: still the potential from mess really concerned them. Sometimes hawkers 272 00:16:10,840 --> 00:16:13,800 Speaker 1: would go around the theater owners and walk up and 273 00:16:13,880 --> 00:16:19,400 Speaker 1: down the aisles selling popcorn. However, the Great Depression changed 274 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:21,440 Speaker 1: that people could still afford to go to the movies, 275 00:16:21,480 --> 00:16:23,560 Speaker 1: and they could also afford a five to ten cent 276 00:16:23,640 --> 00:16:25,840 Speaker 1: bag of popcorn, you know, one of those small luxuries 277 00:16:25,840 --> 00:16:30,000 Speaker 1: like like let's write something exactly um for the theater owners, 278 00:16:30,240 --> 00:16:32,920 Speaker 1: they could get years of popcorn from a ten dollar 279 00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:36,360 Speaker 1: bag of kernels. Street vendors with their own popcorn carts 280 00:16:36,400 --> 00:16:39,800 Speaker 1: camped outside of theaters to sell bags patrons went in. 281 00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:41,680 Speaker 1: This is one of my favorite facts of the episode. 282 00:16:41,800 --> 00:16:45,000 Speaker 1: This practice was so rampant. Movie theaters had signs that 283 00:16:45,080 --> 00:16:49,280 Speaker 1: requested movie govers check their popcorn with their coach. What 284 00:16:49,760 --> 00:16:51,840 Speaker 1: check your popcorn? Check you popcorn? If there was a 285 00:16:51,880 --> 00:16:56,080 Speaker 1: sign up now, like there's been times where I like 286 00:16:56,120 --> 00:16:58,240 Speaker 1: popcorn in my furs and events, and I gotta check 287 00:16:58,240 --> 00:17:02,080 Speaker 1: my popcorn um. At the time, most movie theaters didn't 288 00:17:02,080 --> 00:17:05,320 Speaker 1: have the ventilation to house popcorn machines, but they couldn't 289 00:17:05,320 --> 00:17:08,960 Speaker 1: ignore the siren's call of popcorn profits as more and 290 00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:11,200 Speaker 1: more of their customers walked in with bags of the stuff. 291 00:17:11,720 --> 00:17:15,520 Speaker 1: So they leased what they called lobby privileges to vendors, 292 00:17:16,040 --> 00:17:19,600 Speaker 1: charging them a daily fee to sell popcorn in the lobby. 293 00:17:20,200 --> 00:17:22,520 Speaker 1: This arrangement saved a good chunk of theaters from going 294 00:17:22,640 --> 00:17:25,680 Speaker 1: underder them during the Great Depression. That didn't stop theater 295 00:17:25,720 --> 00:17:27,760 Speaker 1: owners for looking for ways to get rid of the 296 00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:31,720 Speaker 1: vendors and making their own popcorn and massively increasing their profits. 297 00:17:32,760 --> 00:17:37,120 Speaker 1: One example of how lucrative the popcorn business could be 298 00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:40,400 Speaker 1: in the theaters. Dallas Movie Theater chain invested in popcorn 299 00:17:40,400 --> 00:17:43,600 Speaker 1: machines for eighty of their theaters, but in five movie 300 00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:46,760 Speaker 1: houses they considered their best, they abstained, believing it would 301 00:17:46,760 --> 00:17:50,440 Speaker 1: tarnish their fancy pants reputation. The ones without the popcorn 302 00:17:50,480 --> 00:17:52,840 Speaker 1: machines almost went under in the next two years, while 303 00:17:52,920 --> 00:17:55,560 Speaker 1: those theaters with the popcorn machines saw their profits shoot 304 00:17:55,640 --> 00:17:59,280 Speaker 1: way up. Movie theaters realized this popcorn thing and sacks 305 00:17:59,320 --> 00:18:02,760 Speaker 1: in general or where the money was. It's so so 306 00:18:02,840 --> 00:18:09,480 Speaker 1: popcorn basically like made the movie industry possible. Yeah, it's 307 00:18:09,680 --> 00:18:13,560 Speaker 1: they're so tied together. Uh. This growth couldn't be sustained, however, 308 00:18:13,600 --> 00:18:15,719 Speaker 1: and theater saw a steady decrease in profits in the 309 00:18:15,720 --> 00:18:20,040 Speaker 1: fifties and sixties. And what was to blame the television. 310 00:18:20,840 --> 00:18:22,600 Speaker 1: More and more Americans were staying at home and watching 311 00:18:22,600 --> 00:18:24,280 Speaker 1: the mood Tube in the comfort of their own home, 312 00:18:24,760 --> 00:18:29,400 Speaker 1: at their home, in their home. Uh. And they were 313 00:18:29,440 --> 00:18:31,679 Speaker 1: doing this rather than going out to the movies. And 314 00:18:31,720 --> 00:18:35,320 Speaker 1: this meant trouble for popcorn too, because it wasn't easy 315 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:40,840 Speaker 1: to make it at home. Yes, in three easy pop 316 00:18:40,920 --> 00:18:43,440 Speaker 1: appeared in our grocery store shelves. All you had to 317 00:18:43,480 --> 00:18:46,120 Speaker 1: do was placed the covered aluminum pie plate looking thing 318 00:18:46,520 --> 00:18:50,159 Speaker 1: over heat source for one minute, the aluminum foil covering 319 00:18:50,160 --> 00:18:54,760 Speaker 1: would kind of balloon out in Vail Popcorn. A little later, 320 00:18:54,840 --> 00:18:58,040 Speaker 1: they changed their name to one you might recognize, Jiffy pop. 321 00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:01,840 Speaker 1: And this always makes me of the movie screen. Oh, yeah, 322 00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:04,600 Speaker 1: that that opening, that opening scene. Yeah, poor Drew Barrymore, 323 00:19:04,720 --> 00:19:07,000 Speaker 1: Poor Drew Barrymore. Oh, I wanted to put in here 324 00:19:07,200 --> 00:19:08,399 Speaker 1: one of the notes that I found while I was 325 00:19:08,440 --> 00:19:11,600 Speaker 1: researching um food. Timeline dot org has this clip from 326 00:19:11,600 --> 00:19:14,800 Speaker 1: a nineteen sixty two issue of the Chicago Daily Tribune, 327 00:19:15,119 --> 00:19:18,080 Speaker 1: which describes a package of of this one brand of 328 00:19:18,119 --> 00:19:22,800 Speaker 1: popcorn TV Time that included a feedbag for kids to wear. 329 00:19:24,480 --> 00:19:26,639 Speaker 1: It was like a plastic apron with this big pocket 330 00:19:26,680 --> 00:19:29,199 Speaker 1: across the front. So I guess you could carry your 331 00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:35,920 Speaker 1: popcorn around with you. I mean I would. The writer 332 00:19:36,200 --> 00:19:38,240 Speaker 1: was suggesting a second use for the apron is like 333 00:19:38,280 --> 00:19:42,480 Speaker 1: a tricker treating accessory feedbag for you know. It sounds 334 00:19:42,880 --> 00:19:46,680 Speaker 1: um lovely, and I'm sure you were the coolest kid 335 00:19:46,680 --> 00:19:49,920 Speaker 1: on the street if you went trick or treating. Oh yeah, 336 00:19:49,960 --> 00:19:52,399 Speaker 1: but you've got your popcorn in one pocket candy in 337 00:19:52,440 --> 00:19:54,400 Speaker 1: the other. I mean, clearly you have to organize these 338 00:19:54,480 --> 00:19:57,360 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, but that's a good. That's a good, 339 00:19:57,359 --> 00:19:59,520 Speaker 1: you know, you know, keep keep yourself sustained for the 340 00:19:59,680 --> 00:20:01,680 Speaker 1: entire trip or training. I'm sure you could last a 341 00:20:01,760 --> 00:20:08,399 Speaker 1: lot longer. Yeah. Meanwhile, farmers and food scientists were busy 342 00:20:08,520 --> 00:20:13,320 Speaker 1: working on growing the least wasteful, best popping popcorn possible. 343 00:20:13,800 --> 00:20:17,320 Speaker 1: The first commercial popcorn hybrid was released in nineteen thirty four, 344 00:20:17,640 --> 00:20:20,600 Speaker 1: and the U. S d A's Bureau of Plant Industry 345 00:20:20,840 --> 00:20:23,879 Speaker 1: got pretty heavily involved to help out. Between the nineteen 346 00:20:23,880 --> 00:20:27,000 Speaker 1: fifties and today, agricultural research would reduce the rate of 347 00:20:27,080 --> 00:20:32,720 Speaker 1: unpopped kernels by sev wow. By the nineteen seventies, more 348 00:20:32,760 --> 00:20:35,560 Speaker 1: and more American households owned a microwave, and as you 349 00:20:35,640 --> 00:20:38,360 Speaker 1: might guess, this is a big deal for in home 350 00:20:38,440 --> 00:20:43,520 Speaker 1: popcorn making and eating. Orville Redden Bocker. That Redden Bocker. Yep, 351 00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:46,840 Speaker 1: that Redden Bocker. Uh. This is a family of farmers 352 00:20:46,920 --> 00:20:49,760 Speaker 1: that survived through the Great Depression thanks to popcorn. They 353 00:20:49,800 --> 00:20:54,520 Speaker 1: released their namesake Popcorn in nineteen seventy. By one, microwave 354 00:20:54,520 --> 00:20:58,040 Speaker 1: popcorn was commercially available, with General Mills snagging the first 355 00:20:58,040 --> 00:21:01,960 Speaker 1: patent for the microwave popcorn bag. The association of movies 356 00:21:02,000 --> 00:21:04,240 Speaker 1: and popcorn didn't go away once it became easier and 357 00:21:04,240 --> 00:21:06,840 Speaker 1: a lot more common to make popcorn at home. No way, 358 00:21:07,160 --> 00:21:08,520 Speaker 1: if you look at the packaging of a lot of 359 00:21:08,560 --> 00:21:12,400 Speaker 1: microwave popcorns, they might have things like film strips on them, 360 00:21:12,560 --> 00:21:15,520 Speaker 1: or they might be called movie theater popcorn, or they 361 00:21:15,640 --> 00:21:19,400 Speaker 1: might advertise directly with movies or in commercials or promotional 362 00:21:19,400 --> 00:21:21,720 Speaker 1: images for things like Netflix. The viewers and these things 363 00:21:21,720 --> 00:21:24,479 Speaker 1: are often eating popcorn as they watch whatever they're watching. 364 00:21:25,040 --> 00:21:27,200 Speaker 1: Not only that, but this relationship has changed the type 365 00:21:27,240 --> 00:21:31,240 Speaker 1: of popcorn were more likely to eat free movies. A 366 00:21:31,280 --> 00:21:34,240 Speaker 1: majority of popcorn souls came from a variety of white corn, 367 00:21:34,720 --> 00:21:37,720 Speaker 1: but those sneaky movie vendors liked the yellow variety because 368 00:21:37,720 --> 00:21:40,199 Speaker 1: it was bigger when popped, meaning got a lot more 369 00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:44,360 Speaker 1: volume for less money. And since it was yellow, customers 370 00:21:44,359 --> 00:21:46,440 Speaker 1: thought it was covered in butter. And though some were 371 00:21:46,440 --> 00:21:50,880 Speaker 1: advertising and worth more. Yeah, it reached the point where 372 00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:53,360 Speaker 1: a lot of people wouldn't buy white popcorn and stores 373 00:21:53,400 --> 00:21:55,920 Speaker 1: because they didn't think it would taste as good as 374 00:21:56,280 --> 00:21:59,680 Speaker 1: movie theater popcorn, and that persists to this day. Ten 375 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:03,040 Speaker 1: of commercially grown popcorn is the white variety. Of the 376 00:22:03,080 --> 00:22:08,080 Speaker 1: rest is that yellow, the yellow flavor. Ye, it's in 377 00:22:08,160 --> 00:22:11,560 Speaker 1: your brain, Oh my goodness. To this day, popcorn and 378 00:22:11,640 --> 00:22:15,399 Speaker 1: other concessions are the primary drivershop profit for movie theaters, 379 00:22:15,400 --> 00:22:20,960 Speaker 1: with an estimated profit of of total theater profit all 380 00:22:21,000 --> 00:22:24,720 Speaker 1: from all from the concessions, a lot of which is popcorn. 381 00:22:26,040 --> 00:22:28,520 Speaker 1: All right, So that was our popcorn history. We do 382 00:22:28,600 --> 00:22:31,119 Speaker 1: have some popcorn science for you, but first we've got 383 00:22:31,160 --> 00:22:43,679 Speaker 1: another quick break for a word from our sponsors, and 384 00:22:43,840 --> 00:22:48,400 Speaker 1: we're back. Thank you sponsors. So new shrimp. Wise, popcorn 385 00:22:48,480 --> 00:22:51,040 Speaker 1: is a whole grain, and it's thirty calories per cup 386 00:22:51,080 --> 00:22:53,560 Speaker 1: for air pops and thirty five for oil pops. But 387 00:22:53,680 --> 00:22:57,119 Speaker 1: this is the home made stuff important, not the movie theater, 388 00:22:57,119 --> 00:23:00,600 Speaker 1: baseball game variety. Different. Yeah, yeah, a word on that 389 00:23:00,640 --> 00:23:03,280 Speaker 1: in a second. But but but you know, popcorn, being 390 00:23:03,320 --> 00:23:06,560 Speaker 1: a grain, is mostly low sugar, cobor hydrates, with a 391 00:23:06,560 --> 00:23:09,240 Speaker 1: little bit of fiber, plus about ten percent each fats 392 00:23:09,240 --> 00:23:12,080 Speaker 1: and proteins makeup. Wise. Those fats, by the way, are 393 00:23:12,080 --> 00:23:14,080 Speaker 1: the good fats. It's not going to fill you up 394 00:23:14,080 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: for very long, but it is certainly not the worst 395 00:23:16,359 --> 00:23:19,320 Speaker 1: thing for you. Nutritionists tend to like it because the 396 00:23:19,400 --> 00:23:21,880 Speaker 1: volume and the crunch can make it feel more satisfying 397 00:23:21,880 --> 00:23:26,280 Speaker 1: than similar snacks that have higher caloric punches. Of course, 398 00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:28,760 Speaker 1: what you do with your popcorn once it's popped does 399 00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,040 Speaker 1: make a huge difference. If you're using it mostly as 400 00:23:31,040 --> 00:23:33,080 Speaker 1: a vehicle for salt and butter, you're gonna be eating 401 00:23:33,119 --> 00:23:35,320 Speaker 1: a lot of salt and butter. Yeah, Yeah, it's not 402 00:23:35,359 --> 00:23:37,320 Speaker 1: a particularly bad thing as long as you don't have 403 00:23:37,359 --> 00:23:40,280 Speaker 1: a condition that makes it advisable to avoid salt. If 404 00:23:40,280 --> 00:23:42,399 Speaker 1: you're in good health, salt is basically fine as long 405 00:23:42,440 --> 00:23:45,000 Speaker 1: as you remember to hydrate and um, as long as 406 00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:48,480 Speaker 1: you're using real butter, which is a high calorie food 407 00:23:48,680 --> 00:23:52,520 Speaker 1: but totally fine in moderation. Yeah. But hey, speaking of 408 00:23:52,920 --> 00:23:56,720 Speaker 1: real butter. Yeah, since we talked about movie theaters and 409 00:23:56,720 --> 00:23:59,840 Speaker 1: popcorn so much, uh, we thought we should briefly talk 410 00:23:59,880 --> 00:24:04,639 Speaker 1: about the yellow sledge called in heavy quotes butter butter 411 00:24:05,480 --> 00:24:10,560 Speaker 1: offered as a popcorn topping at movie theaters. Okay, so first, 412 00:24:11,560 --> 00:24:14,399 Speaker 1: that whole health thing. This doesn't hold true for the 413 00:24:14,440 --> 00:24:17,480 Speaker 1: popcorn you give the movie theaters because it's usually popped 414 00:24:17,480 --> 00:24:20,440 Speaker 1: in coconut oil and then it's heavily salted and often 415 00:24:20,480 --> 00:24:25,200 Speaker 1: topped with butter. For a medium bucket of popcorn, which 416 00:24:25,240 --> 00:24:28,680 Speaker 1: holds about twenty cups, you're looking at twelve hundred calories, 417 00:24:28,880 --> 00:24:33,800 Speaker 1: sixty grams of saturated fats, and nine eight milligrams of sodium. 418 00:24:33,880 --> 00:24:37,880 Speaker 1: That's that's a bunch. Yeah. For reference to, recommended daily 419 00:24:37,960 --> 00:24:40,359 Speaker 1: value of saturated fats for the average adult is twenty 420 00:24:40,400 --> 00:24:45,240 Speaker 1: four grams a third of that half that I see. 421 00:24:45,640 --> 00:24:48,240 Speaker 1: That that that second thing that I said, right, and 422 00:24:48,280 --> 00:24:53,159 Speaker 1: that butter, it's actually a mixture of flavor call and 423 00:24:53,359 --> 00:24:58,160 Speaker 1: butter flavored topping. Yep, butter flavored topping slave A call 424 00:24:58,280 --> 00:25:00,600 Speaker 1: is a fine salt that's been color yellow to give 425 00:25:00,600 --> 00:25:03,560 Speaker 1: popcorn the illusion of being coated with butter. The butter 426 00:25:03,800 --> 00:25:06,880 Speaker 1: flavored topping is a combination of things like beta caroteen, 427 00:25:07,080 --> 00:25:12,920 Speaker 1: soybean oil, and of course buttery flavoring. Mm hmm. It's 428 00:25:12,920 --> 00:25:15,840 Speaker 1: some type of chemical that mimics butter flavor. And it's 429 00:25:15,960 --> 00:25:19,879 Speaker 1: twenty more calories for tablespoond than real butter. Yeah, and 430 00:25:19,880 --> 00:25:22,399 Speaker 1: that's you know, different types of fats interact with your 431 00:25:22,400 --> 00:25:26,360 Speaker 1: body differently. Um. It's generally best to avoid anything that's 432 00:25:26,440 --> 00:25:31,600 Speaker 1: labeled as containing trans fats or partially hydrogenated oils um, 433 00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:35,760 Speaker 1: which is what this stuff is made of, instead of butter. Yeah, 434 00:25:35,840 --> 00:25:38,800 Speaker 1: because it's shelf stable. We talked about that and also 435 00:25:38,920 --> 00:25:42,399 Speaker 1: about artificial butter flavoring a little bit in our butter episodes, 436 00:25:42,760 --> 00:25:44,280 Speaker 1: of which there are two. We had a lot to 437 00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:47,600 Speaker 1: say about butter um. Basically, there are two compounds that 438 00:25:47,640 --> 00:25:51,840 Speaker 1: make butter taste like butter di settle and as a toe. 439 00:25:51,920 --> 00:25:56,680 Speaker 1: In old fashioned cultured butter, these compounds are excreted by 440 00:25:56,720 --> 00:26:00,479 Speaker 1: a friendly lactic acid bacteria during the process of turning 441 00:26:00,680 --> 00:26:04,080 Speaker 1: cream into butter. But if you want to add butter 442 00:26:04,200 --> 00:26:07,679 Speaker 1: flavoring to less expensive, non cultured butter, or in the 443 00:26:07,680 --> 00:26:11,160 Speaker 1: case of movie theater butter, some kind of vegetable oil, 444 00:26:11,400 --> 00:26:14,359 Speaker 1: you've got a couple options. Um, you can either farm 445 00:26:14,400 --> 00:26:17,400 Speaker 1: a whole bunch of bacteria or yeast and then collect 446 00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:20,920 Speaker 1: that diocetal and acid to in Those are called natural 447 00:26:21,040 --> 00:26:25,640 Speaker 1: butter flavorings. Or um, you can synthesize those molecules or 448 00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:29,280 Speaker 1: others that will create similar flavor experience, like a subtle 449 00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:34,320 Speaker 1: propianal in a lab, thus producing what's called artificial butter flavoring. 450 00:26:34,960 --> 00:26:38,720 Speaker 1: And uh, you may have heard about artificial butter flavoring, 451 00:26:38,960 --> 00:26:43,760 Speaker 1: especially in microwave popcorn, causing health problems. That is a 452 00:26:43,800 --> 00:26:47,720 Speaker 1: real thing, but the story kind of got sensationalized in 453 00:26:47,800 --> 00:26:50,720 Speaker 1: the press. Factory workers who breathe in like a whole 454 00:26:50,760 --> 00:26:54,479 Speaker 1: lot of diocetle do have an increased risk of this 455 00:26:54,800 --> 00:26:57,520 Speaker 1: one particular type of lung disease. And there was this 456 00:26:57,600 --> 00:26:59,600 Speaker 1: one guy who was popping like two to three bags 457 00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:02,680 Speaker 1: her day every day for a whole bunch of years. 458 00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:06,560 Speaker 1: Who successfully sued a lot of microwave popcorn producers after 459 00:27:06,560 --> 00:27:10,000 Speaker 1: contracting this disease. It's called popcorn lung, which sounds adorable, 460 00:27:10,040 --> 00:27:13,080 Speaker 1: but it's not. And there is no risk in in 461 00:27:13,200 --> 00:27:16,280 Speaker 1: breathing in the amount that you'd a realized from popping 462 00:27:16,320 --> 00:27:18,479 Speaker 1: a bag of popcorn in your microwave, like every now 463 00:27:18,520 --> 00:27:22,840 Speaker 1: and then, uh like, consider sticking with the types of 464 00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:26,359 Speaker 1: microwave popcorn that feature little to no flavoring. Add whatever 465 00:27:26,400 --> 00:27:30,040 Speaker 1: flavorings you want after it's popped. Also, make sure your 466 00:27:30,119 --> 00:27:32,159 Speaker 1: kitchen is well ventilated if you're worried about this kind 467 00:27:32,160 --> 00:27:33,800 Speaker 1: of thing. I mean, that's a good tip all around. Like, 468 00:27:34,200 --> 00:27:38,840 Speaker 1: well ventilated kitchens are a cook's friend. Definitely. Also concerning 469 00:27:38,880 --> 00:27:45,160 Speaker 1: microwave popcorn, will it give me cancer? Oh? I hope not. Okay, Well, 470 00:27:45,520 --> 00:27:48,399 Speaker 1: that's sort of my short answer. Yeah, it's it's it's no, jeez, 471 00:27:48,480 --> 00:27:51,399 Speaker 1: I hope not. Um that the long answer, oh, okay. 472 00:27:51,640 --> 00:27:54,120 Speaker 1: The long answer is that for many years, and one 473 00:27:54,119 --> 00:27:56,399 Speaker 1: of the materials that the food industry used and a 474 00:27:56,400 --> 00:28:00,000 Speaker 1: whole lot of wrappings was oh I did this to myself. UM, 475 00:28:00,200 --> 00:28:05,120 Speaker 1: per fluoro octane sulfonate also known as PFOS because it's 476 00:28:05,119 --> 00:28:07,359 Speaker 1: so much easier to say. P f OS is great 477 00:28:07,400 --> 00:28:10,080 Speaker 1: because it prevents oils from leaking out through paper products. 478 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:13,160 Speaker 1: It's also terrible because it can leach into your food 479 00:28:13,320 --> 00:28:15,800 Speaker 1: and must with your hormones and contribute to thyroid disease 480 00:28:15,800 --> 00:28:19,840 Speaker 1: in various cancers. Yeah, much of the food industry voluntarily 481 00:28:19,880 --> 00:28:23,280 Speaker 1: started phasing out p f O s starting around in 482 00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:26,399 Speaker 1: light of all of this medical research. However, sort of 483 00:28:26,440 --> 00:28:31,439 Speaker 1: similar stuff like polyfluoro alkal substances UH p f A 484 00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:34,920 Speaker 1: s s are still used and can also leak into 485 00:28:34,920 --> 00:28:38,560 Speaker 1: food and have been associated with some negative health effects. Um. 486 00:28:38,600 --> 00:28:41,200 Speaker 1: The FDA says that they are safe at the levels 487 00:28:41,280 --> 00:28:45,480 Speaker 1: at which they are used, but some researchers are still 488 00:28:45,520 --> 00:28:48,720 Speaker 1: calling for more work to be done. Again, the real 489 00:28:48,840 --> 00:28:51,680 Speaker 1: danger here is to folks who work in manufacturing and 490 00:28:51,720 --> 00:28:55,200 Speaker 1: get exposed to like huge amounts of these chemicals. But 491 00:28:55,880 --> 00:28:58,479 Speaker 1: if you're concerned about this, UM, just pop your popcorn 492 00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:00,880 Speaker 1: in the old fashioned way, not in a microwave, but 493 00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:04,520 Speaker 1: on a stovetop. That's my preferred way. Yeah, pretty delicious 494 00:29:04,520 --> 00:29:11,600 Speaker 1: that way too, And I I wrote microwave popcorn button. 495 00:29:11,680 --> 00:29:17,800 Speaker 1: Question question question, question exclation, and then just left Floren 496 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:24,600 Speaker 1: to Okay, alright, so on you've probably seen on a 497 00:29:24,640 --> 00:29:29,600 Speaker 1: microwave a microwave popcorn button. Yeah. Um. On most microwaves, 498 00:29:29,600 --> 00:29:32,440 Speaker 1: this is just a timer and like maybe a power 499 00:29:32,480 --> 00:29:35,600 Speaker 1: setting that may or may not help you avoid burning 500 00:29:35,640 --> 00:29:39,120 Speaker 1: the holy heck out of your popcorn. Um. However, in 501 00:29:39,160 --> 00:29:42,240 Speaker 1: the incredible future, your microwave might be able to listen 502 00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:46,720 Speaker 1: to your popcorn to help you out. Worldpool released in 503 00:29:46,800 --> 00:29:50,720 Speaker 1: microwave that could monitor the time between kernel pops and 504 00:29:51,080 --> 00:29:54,400 Speaker 1: it would automatically shut off when that length hit hit 505 00:29:54,680 --> 00:29:56,960 Speaker 1: that length of time hit hit a certain length. Yeah. Um. 506 00:29:57,640 --> 00:30:01,720 Speaker 1: Most most brands of microwup popcorn in the meanwhile recommend 507 00:30:01,840 --> 00:30:05,440 Speaker 1: just doing that the old fashioned way with your ears. Well, 508 00:30:05,480 --> 00:30:08,920 Speaker 1: that's always cracked me up. That on the instructions of 509 00:30:08,960 --> 00:30:12,520 Speaker 1: popcorn bags. It's like, do not porn button? What is 510 00:30:12,560 --> 00:30:16,680 Speaker 1: it for? What are you thinking? Silly you? Um? And 511 00:30:17,120 --> 00:30:22,000 Speaker 1: popcorn was I think that I can't remember his name. 512 00:30:22,080 --> 00:30:25,640 Speaker 1: It was a general who helped invent the microwave. He 513 00:30:25,720 --> 00:30:29,880 Speaker 1: used popcorn and a lot of his tests. Yeah, and 514 00:30:29,920 --> 00:30:31,480 Speaker 1: he I think he was the one that it's like, 515 00:30:31,520 --> 00:30:34,680 Speaker 1: there should be a popcorn done anyway. For World War Two, 516 00:30:34,720 --> 00:30:37,480 Speaker 1: they were working on this. Wow, that's starting at a 517 00:30:37,560 --> 00:30:43,920 Speaker 1: very high level. That's like, yeah, you're just diving right in. Okay, yeah, alright, 518 00:30:43,960 --> 00:30:47,920 Speaker 1: so that's our science segment. Yeah, which brings us to 519 00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:53,400 Speaker 1: some random slash culture stuff like popcorn balls. Popcorn balls. 520 00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:55,800 Speaker 1: I have never done this, have you done this? Lord 521 00:30:57,600 --> 00:31:00,760 Speaker 1: not pirst, I've received a popcorn ball as a gift 522 00:31:00,800 --> 00:31:04,120 Speaker 1: from family members who made them themselves. Okay, well, this 523 00:31:04,240 --> 00:31:06,480 Speaker 1: is a practice that started in the nineteenth century and 524 00:31:06,520 --> 00:31:08,840 Speaker 1: it was all the rage into the early twentieth century. 525 00:31:09,160 --> 00:31:11,440 Speaker 1: If you couldn't guess from the name, it's like balls 526 00:31:11,440 --> 00:31:15,200 Speaker 1: of popcorn. Yeah, yeah, they're they're usually um lightly sweetened 527 00:31:15,560 --> 00:31:18,840 Speaker 1: with sugar molasses of some kind and kind of it's 528 00:31:18,880 --> 00:31:22,000 Speaker 1: it's all sort of dripped into into this sort of 529 00:31:22,280 --> 00:31:29,840 Speaker 1: ball shape that sounds ball ship um. The first known 530 00:31:29,840 --> 00:31:34,560 Speaker 1: written recipe appeared in a eighteen sixty one cookbook. Popcorn 531 00:31:34,600 --> 00:31:37,520 Speaker 1: is a popular holiday decoration, largely due to its cheapness 532 00:31:37,560 --> 00:31:40,440 Speaker 1: and also its color. This was especially true around Christmas, 533 00:31:40,560 --> 00:31:44,480 Speaker 1: where it was also a fairly common gift. From this 534 00:31:44,640 --> 00:31:48,320 Speaker 1: sprung up a whole industry of popcorn ball makers. Nearly 535 00:31:48,360 --> 00:31:51,880 Speaker 1: every cookbook had at least one popcorn ball recipe with 536 00:31:51,920 --> 00:31:54,280 Speaker 1: the dawn of the New century, and Victorian families used 537 00:31:54,280 --> 00:31:58,320 Speaker 1: them as decoration. So it had like a very brief 538 00:31:58,400 --> 00:32:03,040 Speaker 1: but very intense yeah popularity. Yeah um. And there's such 539 00:32:03,080 --> 00:32:06,720 Speaker 1: a fun story about how the first popcorn ball was made. 540 00:32:06,720 --> 00:32:09,480 Speaker 1: This is like a truly tall tale kind of thing. Yes, 541 00:32:09,720 --> 00:32:13,360 Speaker 1: it's excellent, okay. Um. So the story comes to us 542 00:32:13,440 --> 00:32:17,560 Speaker 1: from the cornhusker state of Nebraska, where another big crop 543 00:32:17,680 --> 00:32:21,120 Speaker 1: is sorghum. There was one summer during the mid eighteen 544 00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:24,440 Speaker 1: hundreds that was so wet and so hot that the 545 00:32:24,520 --> 00:32:27,080 Speaker 1: rain combined with the sorghum to make a syrup that 546 00:32:27,200 --> 00:32:30,600 Speaker 1: drained off to a nearby cornfield. And on that field, 547 00:32:30,880 --> 00:32:34,160 Speaker 1: the heat caused the kernels to dry out and pop, 548 00:32:34,640 --> 00:32:37,880 Speaker 1: and then a tornado came through. Oh yes, out of 549 00:32:37,920 --> 00:32:41,080 Speaker 1: all of this weather chaos, the farmer found a one 550 00:32:41,120 --> 00:32:47,400 Speaker 1: hundred foot mountain thirty five of popcorn balls. Lucky but 551 00:32:47,520 --> 00:32:51,400 Speaker 1: no one other joys. Grasshoppers ate all of them, devouring 552 00:32:51,440 --> 00:32:56,320 Speaker 1: the proof. Oh yeah, but the secret of of the 553 00:32:56,320 --> 00:33:01,720 Speaker 1: popcorn ball was revealed to him. It was and some grasshoppers, Yeah, 554 00:33:02,120 --> 00:33:08,000 Speaker 1: grasshoppers popcorn balls anyway, I'm sure, yeah, billy just about anything, right. Yeah. 555 00:33:08,360 --> 00:33:11,640 Speaker 1: According to the edition of the Guinness Book of World Records, 556 00:33:11,680 --> 00:33:14,680 Speaker 1: the largest popcorn ball ever created comes to us via 557 00:33:14,760 --> 00:33:21,000 Speaker 1: the Indiana State Fair. And this behemoth was eight ft 558 00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:26,320 Speaker 1: in diameter two point five ms and wade six thousand pounds. 559 00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:29,160 Speaker 1: Oh my goodness. Also, this was probably a duck to 560 00:33:29,240 --> 00:33:31,240 Speaker 1: everyone else. But I had no idea how Guinness Brewery 561 00:33:31,320 --> 00:33:34,240 Speaker 1: was behind the Guinness Book of World Records, and I 562 00:33:34,280 --> 00:33:36,200 Speaker 1: freaked out a little bit about it. I think any 563 00:33:36,280 --> 00:33:38,520 Speaker 1: like texted me or something or she maybe there was 564 00:33:38,560 --> 00:33:39,960 Speaker 1: an email. I don't know. Yeah, yeah, it was just 565 00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:45,160 Speaker 1: like it was just the surprise face emoji, like fifteen times. Yeah. 566 00:33:45,200 --> 00:33:50,000 Speaker 1: I should have known. Um. And aside, popcorn the game 567 00:33:50,560 --> 00:33:53,720 Speaker 1: both classroom and trampoline, I've never heard what what what's 568 00:33:53,760 --> 00:33:59,520 Speaker 1: the popcorn game? What? Um? Popcorn in in classroom is 569 00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:04,240 Speaker 1: when in UM usually like if you're reading something aloud 570 00:34:04,280 --> 00:34:09,080 Speaker 1: in class um, you pop to someone so you're reading 571 00:34:09,120 --> 00:34:11,960 Speaker 1: and then you want to be done. It's popcorn UM. 572 00:34:12,000 --> 00:34:13,919 Speaker 1: And it was annoying because there's always that one kid 573 00:34:13,960 --> 00:34:15,920 Speaker 1: that read like one sentence and then popcorned over to 574 00:34:16,000 --> 00:34:19,319 Speaker 1: you anyway, and on a trampoline, it's when you are 575 00:34:19,360 --> 00:34:21,840 Speaker 1: like you wrap your arms around your knees and you 576 00:34:21,880 --> 00:34:25,000 Speaker 1: make yourself into like a kernel, like a small, tiny 577 00:34:25,080 --> 00:34:26,799 Speaker 1: little ball, as much as you can, and then your 578 00:34:26,800 --> 00:34:29,880 Speaker 1: friends just try to make yours come apart and you 579 00:34:30,200 --> 00:34:33,960 Speaker 1: bust open into popcorn. That's great. Yeah, and the only 580 00:34:34,000 --> 00:34:42,279 Speaker 1: slightly hazardous, only slightly so that's popcorn. That's popcorn. Man, 581 00:34:42,480 --> 00:34:44,240 Speaker 1: I'm gonna I'm gonna have to go get some popcorn 582 00:34:44,239 --> 00:34:46,480 Speaker 1: and then I'm not upset about it at all. Yeah. No, 583 00:34:46,640 --> 00:34:48,360 Speaker 1: this is this is one of those food cravings that 584 00:34:48,680 --> 00:34:53,080 Speaker 1: I think is totally okay. Yeah, I think so. And 585 00:34:53,160 --> 00:34:59,440 Speaker 1: this brings us to listener male. Yeah. Oh. John wrote 586 00:34:59,440 --> 00:35:02,560 Speaker 1: in on Facebook with a correction for us, um, the 587 00:35:02,600 --> 00:35:06,320 Speaker 1: math for the expensive rice in our rice episode was 588 00:35:06,360 --> 00:35:09,600 Speaker 1: done in the wrong direction. As a kilogram is two 589 00:35:09,600 --> 00:35:12,239 Speaker 1: point two pounds, the price per pound is a little 590 00:35:12,280 --> 00:35:17,560 Speaker 1: bit less than half of the price. Uh. Therefore, the 591 00:35:18,280 --> 00:35:22,000 Speaker 1: nine dollars per kilogram rice mentioned in the podcast would 592 00:35:22,080 --> 00:35:27,240 Speaker 1: cost around fifty per pound, not two peround. Still not cheap, 593 00:35:27,560 --> 00:35:31,600 Speaker 1: but not nearly as bad as it came off sounding. Yes, 594 00:35:31,800 --> 00:35:33,960 Speaker 1: so thank you. Thank you John for for checking my 595 00:35:34,000 --> 00:35:36,719 Speaker 1: math for me. Always always right in with corrections if 596 00:35:36,719 --> 00:35:41,239 Speaker 1: you find something. Aaron Roden I am a professor at 597 00:35:41,239 --> 00:35:44,320 Speaker 1: the University of Massachusetts Lowell, and one of the courses 598 00:35:44,360 --> 00:35:47,880 Speaker 1: I teach is engineering ethics. During a unit on sexism 599 00:35:47,880 --> 00:35:50,759 Speaker 1: in the field, as the E in st E M 600 00:35:50,800 --> 00:35:55,080 Speaker 1: STEM engineering suffers from women being underrepresented, I began the 601 00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:58,320 Speaker 1: class by sharing the saga of how keish became feminized 602 00:35:58,320 --> 00:36:00,640 Speaker 1: in the nineteen eighties. When I hold the class of 603 00:36:00,680 --> 00:36:03,440 Speaker 1: thirty nine men and one woman, I found that roughly 604 00:36:04,360 --> 00:36:07,360 Speaker 1: enjoyed keish. That's proving how ridiculous an arbitrary it was 605 00:36:07,520 --> 00:36:09,920 Speaker 1: to gender kiche. One of the men in the class 606 00:36:09,960 --> 00:36:12,400 Speaker 1: even referred to chick drinks, which he said he enjoyed 607 00:36:12,440 --> 00:36:16,160 Speaker 1: thoroughly as another example sexism and alcohol. Y'all the kids, 608 00:36:16,160 --> 00:36:19,239 Speaker 1: they get it. The Kiche example helped me highlight the 609 00:36:19,320 --> 00:36:22,480 Speaker 1: arbitrary nous with which women are told they're not suited 610 00:36:22,520 --> 00:36:25,399 Speaker 1: for engineering, leading to a truly educational Dare I say, 611 00:36:25,400 --> 00:36:30,400 Speaker 1: savory experience all around? Yeah, that's that's great. Um and 612 00:36:30,760 --> 00:36:33,759 Speaker 1: Chris sent us this, so I listened to the new 613 00:36:33,760 --> 00:36:36,759 Speaker 1: episode about turkeys. The talk about their aggression led me 614 00:36:36,800 --> 00:36:40,480 Speaker 1: to recall a story about their scarier cousins, geese. I 615 00:36:40,560 --> 00:36:42,720 Speaker 1: was hanging out around the pool at my dad's apartment 616 00:36:42,760 --> 00:36:46,040 Speaker 1: complex and noticed a rather large nest near the edge 617 00:36:46,120 --> 00:36:49,360 Speaker 1: of the pool's area fence. Suddenly I heard a hiss 618 00:36:49,719 --> 00:36:52,240 Speaker 1: and looked to see the mother goose pun intended coming 619 00:36:52,280 --> 00:36:56,120 Speaker 1: straight at me. Needless to say, I ran fast. After that, 620 00:36:56,360 --> 00:37:01,600 Speaker 1: I learned to never mess with those giraffe necked terror birds. Anyways, 621 00:37:01,880 --> 00:37:04,919 Speaker 1: thank you for indulging this trip down scary memory lane. 622 00:37:05,920 --> 00:37:07,720 Speaker 1: I have to say, I think we've gotten at least 623 00:37:07,719 --> 00:37:12,680 Speaker 1: ten stories about encounters with big birds. So you know, Lauren, 624 00:37:12,800 --> 00:37:16,759 Speaker 1: it sounds like your fears. I'm they're they're not unfounded. 625 00:37:19,400 --> 00:37:22,640 Speaker 1: Swans in particular, I one of my one of my 626 00:37:22,719 --> 00:37:27,279 Speaker 1: cousins had this, had had swans in her like like 627 00:37:27,400 --> 00:37:33,640 Speaker 1: local development a canal. And yeah, not a fan, not 628 00:37:33,719 --> 00:37:37,960 Speaker 1: a fan. They wanted my snacks more than I did. Wow. Well, 629 00:37:38,520 --> 00:37:41,680 Speaker 1: and they had one of those like they were willing 630 00:37:41,719 --> 00:37:43,400 Speaker 1: to do anything to get them. If I had been 631 00:37:43,440 --> 00:37:45,319 Speaker 1: wearing them on my body, I would be dead right now, 632 00:37:45,360 --> 00:37:51,680 Speaker 1: Are you kidding? The feedbag wouldn't have helped, and a 633 00:37:51,680 --> 00:37:54,640 Speaker 1: lot of people have written in and asked about the 634 00:37:54,680 --> 00:38:00,000 Speaker 1: miracle berry, because Um, I went and did it. Oh right, Yeah, 635 00:38:00,040 --> 00:38:02,360 Speaker 1: Lauren couldn't go, unfortunately, but I sent her many pictures 636 00:38:02,360 --> 00:38:05,920 Speaker 1: and probably too many text about how weird it was, 637 00:38:06,160 --> 00:38:08,520 Speaker 1: how bizarre. Yeah, so what what was it like? Tell 638 00:38:08,560 --> 00:38:13,520 Speaker 1: us it was weird and it was really cool. I 639 00:38:14,600 --> 00:38:16,200 Speaker 1: you know, you popped the berry and you swirl it 640 00:38:16,200 --> 00:38:19,080 Speaker 1: around your mouth for like one minute, and then I 641 00:38:19,120 --> 00:38:26,240 Speaker 1: got a plate of tart like grapefruit, lemon, lime, goat cheese, 642 00:38:26,680 --> 00:38:30,239 Speaker 1: shoeie I think was on their phoewe strawberry, and then 643 00:38:30,480 --> 00:38:35,480 Speaker 1: fries and hot sauce, and then guinness with lemons for bay, 644 00:38:36,080 --> 00:38:41,520 Speaker 1: cheap tequila, and an apple martini. And it was amazing 645 00:38:41,680 --> 00:38:45,160 Speaker 1: how I kept looking at everything I was eating, like 646 00:38:45,320 --> 00:38:51,040 Speaker 1: this is really the The lime was the sweetest. I 647 00:38:51,120 --> 00:38:55,600 Speaker 1: thought it was really sweet, and um, the hot sauce 648 00:38:55,840 --> 00:38:59,520 Speaker 1: did taste like like a doughnut, almost like a spicy doughnut. 649 00:38:59,800 --> 00:39:04,319 Speaker 1: But favorite was the goat cheese, which somehow tasted like 650 00:39:04,760 --> 00:39:08,160 Speaker 1: shortbread somehow, and it was paired with the strawberry, so 651 00:39:08,160 --> 00:39:10,479 Speaker 1: it's like a strawberry short starry shtread is really good. 652 00:39:11,280 --> 00:39:17,000 Speaker 1: Um and the tequila. That was crazy. It was so sweet, 653 00:39:17,920 --> 00:39:21,319 Speaker 1: sweet tequila, sweet tequila. Anyway, Yeah, it was. It was 654 00:39:21,360 --> 00:39:25,160 Speaker 1: really cool. It was really neat. Yeah. Yeah, that's a 655 00:39:25,239 --> 00:39:29,600 Speaker 1: local restaurant, right, provided provided this venu. And so if 656 00:39:29,760 --> 00:39:32,000 Speaker 1: would would you recommend that people go have this experience 657 00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:36,000 Speaker 1: for themselves? I yeah, I would. I mean, if you're 658 00:39:36,040 --> 00:39:38,840 Speaker 1: into it, I wouldn't you know, it's not for everybody. 659 00:39:38,880 --> 00:39:42,160 Speaker 1: Any The guy who is like guiding me through this 660 00:39:42,560 --> 00:39:45,520 Speaker 1: said that some people get mad, like they're almost mad, 661 00:39:45,600 --> 00:39:49,560 Speaker 1: like what is this? This isn't right. So if you're 662 00:39:49,560 --> 00:39:52,600 Speaker 1: a person who might react that way, then it is. 663 00:39:52,680 --> 00:39:56,640 Speaker 1: I will say it is a little expensive just because 664 00:39:56,680 --> 00:39:58,560 Speaker 1: the barrier, and we talked about in the episode. It's 665 00:39:58,600 --> 00:40:01,520 Speaker 1: not the easiest thing too fine, but yeah, if you're 666 00:40:01,600 --> 00:40:04,080 Speaker 1: interested in it. I definitely enjoyed it, and it was 667 00:40:04,200 --> 00:40:06,600 Speaker 1: so bizarre. I knew what was going to happen, and 668 00:40:06,640 --> 00:40:13,440 Speaker 1: I was still like, why that's great? Yeah. So yeah, 669 00:40:13,640 --> 00:40:17,239 Speaker 1: thank you. Thank you to the listeners who wrote in. 670 00:40:17,719 --> 00:40:20,040 Speaker 1: You can write us as well, and we hope you do. 671 00:40:20,239 --> 00:40:22,919 Speaker 1: Our email is food Stuff at how stuff works dot com. 672 00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:25,160 Speaker 1: You can also find us on social media and get 673 00:40:25,160 --> 00:40:28,320 Speaker 1: in touch that way. We are on Facebook and Twitter 674 00:40:28,480 --> 00:40:31,680 Speaker 1: at food Stuff. HSW stands for how Stuff Works. We're 675 00:40:31,680 --> 00:40:35,000 Speaker 1: also on Instagram at food stuff. Thanks so much to 676 00:40:35,120 --> 00:40:39,680 Speaker 1: our audio engineers, Dylan Fagan and Tristan McNeil. We hope 677 00:40:39,719 --> 00:40:41,279 Speaker 1: that we will hear from you, and we hope that 678 00:40:41,320 --> 00:40:45,200 Speaker 1: lots more good things are coming your way.