1 00:00:00,600 --> 00:00:03,800 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class from how 2 00:00:03,840 --> 00:00:13,840 Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:13,880 --> 00:00:17,200 Speaker 1: I'm editor Candide Giftson, joined by staff writer Jane mccrest 4 00:00:18,079 --> 00:00:20,920 Speaker 1: and a pretty recent podcast we did about the Spanish Inquisition. 5 00:00:21,360 --> 00:00:24,720 Speaker 1: I got really excited talking about blood and gore, and 6 00:00:24,760 --> 00:00:27,400 Speaker 1: so we decided that, despite the fact I'm a pretty 7 00:00:27,440 --> 00:00:32,240 Speaker 1: girly girl, we would devote a podcast today to torture. 8 00:00:32,360 --> 00:00:34,880 Speaker 1: And not just any type of torture. It's a really, really, 9 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:38,839 Speaker 1: really grizzly kind medieval torture. Yeah, and uh, may I 10 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:41,320 Speaker 1: say you're a little bizarre for being so excited about this, 11 00:00:41,760 --> 00:00:44,400 Speaker 1: but um, it is really interesting and a gruesome kind 12 00:00:44,440 --> 00:00:47,000 Speaker 1: of way. Um speaking of the Inquisition when we were 13 00:00:47,120 --> 00:00:50,720 Speaker 1: when I was reading for that podcast, I remember reading 14 00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:56,120 Speaker 1: that people would see others getting tortured, and often that 15 00:00:56,240 --> 00:00:58,520 Speaker 1: was just enough to get them to confess. I mean, 16 00:00:58,520 --> 00:01:01,160 Speaker 1: reading about all these different kind of torture made me 17 00:01:01,200 --> 00:01:04,520 Speaker 1: want to confess whatever it is anyone wanted to. It's 18 00:01:04,600 --> 00:01:07,920 Speaker 1: just amazing. Sort of like watching American Idol tryouts, You're like, 19 00:01:07,959 --> 00:01:11,840 Speaker 1: oh my gosh, I feel so bad to stop right now. Um. So, 20 00:01:12,120 --> 00:01:14,600 Speaker 1: before we get into with some of the devices that 21 00:01:14,640 --> 00:01:16,800 Speaker 1: we're going to tell you guys about, and you'll be 22 00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:19,720 Speaker 1: squirming in just a few minutes. Soon enough, hold onto 23 00:01:19,720 --> 00:01:23,080 Speaker 1: your shorts. Let's just go over torture and a pretty 24 00:01:23,120 --> 00:01:26,680 Speaker 1: broad definition of tortures that it's bodily or mental pain 25 00:01:26,800 --> 00:01:29,479 Speaker 1: exactly for a specific reason. And three of these main 26 00:01:29,520 --> 00:01:34,800 Speaker 1: reasons are for punishment, for getting information or for obtaining 27 00:01:34,840 --> 00:01:38,720 Speaker 1: a confession. And torture is carried out by a figure 28 00:01:38,760 --> 00:01:43,000 Speaker 1: of authority, So those are the parameters. Yeah, that's right, 29 00:01:43,040 --> 00:01:48,160 Speaker 1: and it's interesting. Um. Another side effect to torture, um 30 00:01:48,240 --> 00:01:50,440 Speaker 1: a little plus for the authorities who are who are 31 00:01:50,840 --> 00:01:53,400 Speaker 1: enacting it, is that it could be like a public 32 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:57,680 Speaker 1: display to deter others from committing such crimes. And that's 33 00:01:57,720 --> 00:02:02,040 Speaker 1: the case, uh, for many of these And throughout history 34 00:02:02,080 --> 00:02:05,760 Speaker 1: we've seen torture practiced and all different eras and through 35 00:02:05,880 --> 00:02:09,480 Speaker 1: all different ways, and from the very beginning, I think 36 00:02:09,520 --> 00:02:12,760 Speaker 1: it's had its opponents and defenders. And you may be 37 00:02:12,840 --> 00:02:15,720 Speaker 1: surprised to know that torture has had its defenders and 38 00:02:15,800 --> 00:02:20,200 Speaker 1: opponents throughout history. Aristotle was one of the earliest defenders 39 00:02:20,320 --> 00:02:22,160 Speaker 1: of torture. I was a little surprised to find that 40 00:02:22,480 --> 00:02:24,400 Speaker 1: because you know, you think of a philosopher, someone who's 41 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:26,519 Speaker 1: being introspective and really thinking about what you're doing to 42 00:02:26,560 --> 00:02:28,680 Speaker 1: the human body and the separation of you know, like 43 00:02:28,720 --> 00:02:31,720 Speaker 1: the mind and then the body itself. But now he 44 00:02:31,800 --> 00:02:33,600 Speaker 1: was he was pretty much an advocate of it. And 45 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:36,320 Speaker 1: another was Sir Francis Bacon. But when you move on 46 00:02:36,400 --> 00:02:39,720 Speaker 1: to the Enlightenment era and you have thinkers really being 47 00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:43,680 Speaker 1: thoughtful about things and in life and the nature of 48 00:02:43,760 --> 00:02:47,600 Speaker 1: being and crime and punishment, you see a lot more 49 00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:52,800 Speaker 1: opponents coming into play for human rights. Exactly in our 50 00:02:52,880 --> 00:02:55,880 Speaker 1: modern era, even around the nineteenth century, that was when 51 00:02:55,919 --> 00:02:59,079 Speaker 1: you see people really turning away from torture, and um, 52 00:02:59,680 --> 00:03:02,880 Speaker 1: it was a crime by then to hurt or to 53 00:03:02,960 --> 00:03:07,520 Speaker 1: be violent toward a criminal suspect. And now we are 54 00:03:07,680 --> 00:03:12,840 Speaker 1: very active in pursuing torture Regina calling out human rights violations. 55 00:03:12,960 --> 00:03:15,600 Speaker 1: The United Nations has counsels that go and investigate, they 56 00:03:15,639 --> 00:03:19,240 Speaker 1: follow tips, and with the war on terror today, so 57 00:03:19,320 --> 00:03:23,600 Speaker 1: it's a very hot button topic exactly. So um, we 58 00:03:23,600 --> 00:03:27,160 Speaker 1: we see that attitudes toward torture and political prisoners are 59 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:29,720 Speaker 1: a whole other kind of warm. So we're going to 60 00:03:29,800 --> 00:03:32,919 Speaker 1: stick to the medieval era for right now. And what's 61 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:36,200 Speaker 1: interesting about the medieval era, almost like the Salem witchcraft 62 00:03:36,240 --> 00:03:39,160 Speaker 1: trials that we say later on in early America, was 63 00:03:39,240 --> 00:03:42,920 Speaker 1: that torture itself was a trial, and you could reveal 64 00:03:43,040 --> 00:03:46,240 Speaker 1: your innocence or your guilt by how you responded to 65 00:03:46,280 --> 00:03:48,560 Speaker 1: the pain. That's right. It's a little ironic if you 66 00:03:48,600 --> 00:03:50,040 Speaker 1: go back to sort of the roots to a lot 67 00:03:50,040 --> 00:03:52,720 Speaker 1: of these torture devices is that some of them were 68 00:03:52,760 --> 00:03:56,600 Speaker 1: originally developed in Roman times and they were used often 69 00:03:56,640 --> 00:04:00,040 Speaker 1: against Christians. And it's just very ironic because by the 70 00:04:00,120 --> 00:04:04,480 Speaker 1: medieval era, in using inquisitions, uh and stuff like that, 71 00:04:04,600 --> 00:04:08,480 Speaker 1: it was Christians were using it against Christian heretics, right. 72 00:04:08,680 --> 00:04:11,400 Speaker 1: And the strange thing about these devices that with that 73 00:04:11,480 --> 00:04:14,760 Speaker 1: people were very seriously contemplating how they could do the 74 00:04:14,800 --> 00:04:18,479 Speaker 1: most bodily harmed people and not just kill them swiftly. 75 00:04:19,080 --> 00:04:22,040 Speaker 1: Almost that would be too easy. That would be like 76 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:24,400 Speaker 1: the guillotine when we told you guys about the French 77 00:04:24,400 --> 00:04:26,400 Speaker 1: Revolution and how the guillotine was intended to be a 78 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:29,520 Speaker 1: humanitarian death device. And you can see that by looking 79 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:33,520 Speaker 1: at all these exactly these wanted to kill you slowly 80 00:04:33,680 --> 00:04:38,360 Speaker 1: and not softly. So without further ado, we shall take 81 00:04:38,400 --> 00:04:40,880 Speaker 1: it away. Um. The first one I wanted to talk 82 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:44,400 Speaker 1: about was the Brazen Bowl, which is really interesting. I 83 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:46,520 Speaker 1: don't know if like a Slice to Land movie, but 84 00:04:46,560 --> 00:04:49,200 Speaker 1: it's not. I had never heard of this before looking 85 00:04:49,200 --> 00:04:53,240 Speaker 1: into this. But um, it was a hollow brass statue basically, 86 00:04:53,279 --> 00:04:56,440 Speaker 1: and brass was important because it could heat up quickly. Um. 87 00:04:56,960 --> 00:04:59,960 Speaker 1: And the basically it was hollow and shaped like a bowl, 88 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:02,760 Speaker 1: and so it had a trap door for someone to 89 00:05:02,760 --> 00:05:05,880 Speaker 1: climb inside. And often they would cut your tongue out 90 00:05:05,920 --> 00:05:09,240 Speaker 1: even before you climbed in. Um, a little extra kick 91 00:05:09,360 --> 00:05:12,359 Speaker 1: right there, and uh. And so you climb in and 92 00:05:12,360 --> 00:05:14,320 Speaker 1: they'd shut the door behind you, and so you'd be 93 00:05:14,360 --> 00:05:16,119 Speaker 1: trapped in this bowl and they would live a flight 94 00:05:16,160 --> 00:05:19,159 Speaker 1: of fire underneath so that it would heat up and 95 00:05:19,200 --> 00:05:21,560 Speaker 1: you basically you would you would slowly die in this 96 00:05:21,640 --> 00:05:26,080 Speaker 1: agony of heat. And UM, it's an interesting story behind 97 00:05:26,120 --> 00:05:29,600 Speaker 1: this too, because um, the inventor is a guy named 98 00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 1: Perilous according to the writings of Lucian. At least we 99 00:05:32,640 --> 00:05:35,360 Speaker 1: don't know if this isn't just Leaden, but um, he 100 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:37,240 Speaker 1: invented this, and he was so proud of it. He 101 00:05:37,279 --> 00:05:42,400 Speaker 1: actually stuck flutes in the nostrils of the brazen bull, 102 00:05:42,680 --> 00:05:45,960 Speaker 1: so that people screaming when it came out could sound 103 00:05:46,040 --> 00:05:48,760 Speaker 1: like a bowl's noise, and so people watching could get 104 00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:51,680 Speaker 1: entertainment out of this. So he's showing this off. He's like, 105 00:05:51,680 --> 00:05:53,720 Speaker 1: look at what I just invented. And he shows this 106 00:05:53,880 --> 00:05:56,800 Speaker 1: this guy named Pharallas, who who is a famous tyrant 107 00:05:56,839 --> 00:06:00,360 Speaker 1: at the time, and Pharrella says, oh, yeah, that's that's great, Um, 108 00:06:00,440 --> 00:06:02,280 Speaker 1: but I don't think the flutes will actually work. One 109 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:04,800 Speaker 1: of you clumb inside and show me, and as you 110 00:06:04,839 --> 00:06:08,640 Speaker 1: might expect, Fera lists close the door behind him, and 111 00:06:09,360 --> 00:06:12,719 Speaker 1: the inventorants of being the first victim to this prisonable. 112 00:06:13,520 --> 00:06:16,320 Speaker 1: Is it a success? Yes, he died in that. You 113 00:06:16,400 --> 00:06:20,960 Speaker 1: call that a success, So so checked to that one. Okay, 114 00:06:21,400 --> 00:06:24,400 Speaker 1: my turn. I think one of my favorites. If I 115 00:06:24,440 --> 00:06:26,280 Speaker 1: can say that, that's sort of odds, so I retract 116 00:06:26,360 --> 00:06:28,720 Speaker 1: that immediately. Okay. One of the most interesting ones I 117 00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:32,080 Speaker 1: think is the rack. And it's a pretty simple concept. 118 00:06:32,440 --> 00:06:36,440 Speaker 1: The suspect or criminal or heretic, etcetera, etcetera is tied 119 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:40,000 Speaker 1: down and a crank or a wheel tightens the ropes 120 00:06:40,320 --> 00:06:43,960 Speaker 1: that are attached to his limbs and slowly stretches the body, 121 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:48,159 Speaker 1: and usually it stretches so tightly and so tautly to 122 00:06:48,200 --> 00:06:51,440 Speaker 1: the point where limbs are dislocated and some can even 123 00:06:51,440 --> 00:06:55,479 Speaker 1: be torn off. And um, if you were on the rack, 124 00:06:55,520 --> 00:06:58,680 Speaker 1: it was called being racked or broken on the rack. 125 00:06:58,880 --> 00:07:01,200 Speaker 1: And there were some very sans on the rack, one 126 00:07:01,240 --> 00:07:04,760 Speaker 1: of which was called the horse, and the suspect was 127 00:07:04,839 --> 00:07:08,599 Speaker 1: tied to a beam which looked almost like the horse's back, 128 00:07:08,839 --> 00:07:12,360 Speaker 1: facing up, and pulleys down below pulled the limbs down, 129 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:14,880 Speaker 1: breaking them. And so you were lying, you know, supine 130 00:07:14,920 --> 00:07:17,400 Speaker 1: and completely broken on the horse. And at that point 131 00:07:17,400 --> 00:07:20,880 Speaker 1: you were meant to give your confession. And this one, 132 00:07:21,120 --> 00:07:23,760 Speaker 1: I guess it could have killed you, and I guess 133 00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:26,040 Speaker 1: some were designed to kill you. You probably would have 134 00:07:26,160 --> 00:07:28,920 Speaker 1: been killed eventually from blood laws or agony or some 135 00:07:28,960 --> 00:07:32,240 Speaker 1: sort of shock that you went into, but again dying 136 00:07:32,440 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 1: very very slowly. And one of the funniest things to 137 00:07:36,520 --> 00:07:40,360 Speaker 1: me about the rack is that, um, everything old is 138 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:44,239 Speaker 1: new again because there is a doctor at the Beverly 139 00:07:44,280 --> 00:07:48,320 Speaker 1: Hills Physical Medicine Center who has reinvented the rack, not 140 00:07:48,400 --> 00:07:51,200 Speaker 1: the torture people, but actually to help them. And after 141 00:07:51,240 --> 00:07:54,640 Speaker 1: about six years worth of tasks and trial he has 142 00:07:55,080 --> 00:07:58,200 Speaker 1: He's created this controlled stretching device and you get a 143 00:07:58,240 --> 00:08:00,880 Speaker 1: forty five minute session and it's to help lower back 144 00:08:00,920 --> 00:08:04,760 Speaker 1: pain herniated disks or degenerated disks, And the concept is 145 00:08:04,880 --> 00:08:08,360 Speaker 1: you lie down and h The stretching creates a vacuum 146 00:08:08,520 --> 00:08:11,840 Speaker 1: between the vertebrae and your back, and whatever disk maybe 147 00:08:11,840 --> 00:08:16,040 Speaker 1: herniated or giving you grief, actually gets sucked back into place. 148 00:08:16,960 --> 00:08:20,320 Speaker 1: So again I think that that is kind of amazing. 149 00:08:20,320 --> 00:08:27,239 Speaker 1: And this news comes courtesy to us through the comes 150 00:08:27,280 --> 00:08:30,520 Speaker 1: courtesy to us through the Medical Devices and Surgical Technology 151 00:08:30,560 --> 00:08:32,839 Speaker 1: Week publication. I was so excited to read about it. 152 00:08:32,840 --> 00:08:34,760 Speaker 1: And this is published I think in two thousand three, 153 00:08:34,960 --> 00:08:37,440 Speaker 1: so I'm not sure if it is still in years. 154 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:40,480 Speaker 1: But what a fanciful idea way. You sound like you 155 00:08:40,520 --> 00:08:43,160 Speaker 1: want to try it. I do. My My back pain 156 00:08:43,240 --> 00:08:45,560 Speaker 1: is mostly upper back pain. I just bring a marathon 157 00:08:45,600 --> 00:08:49,000 Speaker 1: over the weekend and still carrying it. But we'll say, wow. Well, 158 00:08:49,040 --> 00:08:51,040 Speaker 1: one one torture to device that I hope does not 159 00:08:51,120 --> 00:08:55,040 Speaker 1: come back um is the wheel, which is it's a 160 00:08:55,080 --> 00:08:58,520 Speaker 1: famous torture device that a body could be put on. 161 00:08:58,520 --> 00:09:01,680 Speaker 1: This It's just a giant wheel. Basically, you're stretched over 162 00:09:01,760 --> 00:09:04,199 Speaker 1: the wheel and UM, you could do a couple of 163 00:09:04,200 --> 00:09:07,240 Speaker 1: different things. They're very creative about this. UM. They could 164 00:09:07,280 --> 00:09:09,840 Speaker 1: just roll the wheel down a rocky hill, which is 165 00:09:09,880 --> 00:09:13,600 Speaker 1: my favorite. UM. Or they could mount it so that 166 00:09:13,679 --> 00:09:16,640 Speaker 1: it could swing or turn on an axle basically, and 167 00:09:16,640 --> 00:09:19,280 Speaker 1: they could put whatever they want to roll your body over, 168 00:09:19,320 --> 00:09:24,200 Speaker 1: whether it's hot coals or spikes or whatever. UM. And 169 00:09:24,520 --> 00:09:26,520 Speaker 1: often after they put you on the wheel, they would 170 00:09:26,600 --> 00:09:31,040 Speaker 1: put the wheel UM on a pole high up out 171 00:09:31,080 --> 00:09:34,720 Speaker 1: in daytime for the hot sun to basically bake you. UM. 172 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:36,800 Speaker 1: And also you'd have to fight back the crows that 173 00:09:36,880 --> 00:09:42,040 Speaker 1: were and not my favorite. These people are wrath. Okay, 174 00:09:42,360 --> 00:09:44,040 Speaker 1: are you guys still let us? Can you handle this? 175 00:09:44,320 --> 00:09:48,959 Speaker 1: Hop out the steak. The steak a pretty straightforward concept. 176 00:09:49,080 --> 00:09:51,960 Speaker 1: And what's distinctive about the steak in the midst of 177 00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:53,800 Speaker 1: these others that we've been discussing is that it was 178 00:09:53,920 --> 00:09:58,720 Speaker 1: definitely fatal and um, you would die pretty much guaranteed 179 00:09:58,760 --> 00:10:00,760 Speaker 1: within about half an hour. That's when you would start 180 00:10:00,800 --> 00:10:04,400 Speaker 1: to lose consciousness. And if you've been I don't know 181 00:10:04,520 --> 00:10:07,840 Speaker 1: under a rock on the steak is basically it's an 182 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:11,680 Speaker 1: upright pull, usually made of wood, and you're tied to it, 183 00:10:11,800 --> 00:10:14,120 Speaker 1: and underneath is a pile of very very dry wood 184 00:10:14,440 --> 00:10:17,760 Speaker 1: and a fire, so you become a human bonfire essentially. 185 00:10:18,200 --> 00:10:21,400 Speaker 1: So even though you lose consciousness within about half an hour, 186 00:10:21,480 --> 00:10:24,439 Speaker 1: it could take two hours before the victim completely burned 187 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:26,760 Speaker 1: to death. That was something that I didn't know before. 188 00:10:26,840 --> 00:10:29,679 Speaker 1: I just thought, um, you're you know, someone burning at 189 00:10:29,720 --> 00:10:31,680 Speaker 1: the steak wouldn't be too long, you know, But to 190 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:33,920 Speaker 1: hear that it could take up to two hours, that's 191 00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:38,920 Speaker 1: it's just wild. And during the inquisition, uh, the inquisitors, 192 00:10:38,960 --> 00:10:40,719 Speaker 1: I guess they thought they were doing the confessors of 193 00:10:40,800 --> 00:10:43,880 Speaker 1: favor when they would strangle them before they were burned 194 00:10:44,080 --> 00:10:46,840 Speaker 1: to spare them the agony. But the heretics they would 195 00:10:46,840 --> 00:10:50,000 Speaker 1: allow to be consumed by fire. And if you were 196 00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:52,199 Speaker 1: in the Netherlands and you were being burned at the steak, 197 00:10:52,320 --> 00:10:55,640 Speaker 1: you had a really awful fate awaiting you because they 198 00:10:55,679 --> 00:10:58,800 Speaker 1: had a little premptive measure that they took to muffle 199 00:10:59,160 --> 00:11:01,920 Speaker 1: the victim's screen aimes, and that was smashing the tongue 200 00:11:01,920 --> 00:11:06,120 Speaker 1: between two plates of hot iron. Yeah, and uh yeah, 201 00:11:06,160 --> 00:11:08,000 Speaker 1: I've read that this sort of these sort of things 202 00:11:08,040 --> 00:11:10,280 Speaker 1: added to the entertainment of people watching and that's the 203 00:11:10,320 --> 00:11:12,120 Speaker 1: most gruesome part of about this. I mean I've said 204 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:15,040 Speaker 1: that over and over again this but I keep the 205 00:11:15,160 --> 00:11:16,679 Speaker 1: gruesome and I'm being just as much it for a 206 00:11:16,760 --> 00:11:22,040 Speaker 1: year as they are so right now. Um, but yeah, 207 00:11:22,080 --> 00:11:24,720 Speaker 1: the fact that people got entertainment out of this is 208 00:11:25,400 --> 00:11:32,360 Speaker 1: very horrifying. Another one, uh that's infamous uh for terrible 209 00:11:32,400 --> 00:11:35,480 Speaker 1: tortures Iron Maid, and you probably heard of it. Um. 210 00:11:35,520 --> 00:11:39,920 Speaker 1: It's basically this upgrade casing for a victim to step into. 211 00:11:40,440 --> 00:11:43,960 Speaker 1: And um, people actually didn't think it actually existed. It 212 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:45,880 Speaker 1: was sort of a legend for a little while until 213 00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:49,280 Speaker 1: they finally found one in Germany in the twentieth century. Yeah, 214 00:11:49,600 --> 00:11:52,120 Speaker 1: people really did think it was fictional, and they found 215 00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:54,880 Speaker 1: it in Nuremberg, and so sometimes it's actually called the 216 00:11:54,920 --> 00:11:58,719 Speaker 1: Iron Maiden of Nuremberg. And like Jane was saying, it 217 00:11:58,720 --> 00:12:01,120 Speaker 1: it has these spikes inside of it, so once you're 218 00:12:01,160 --> 00:12:04,000 Speaker 1: lead inside the casing and the doors shut, the spikes 219 00:12:04,040 --> 00:12:08,439 Speaker 1: are designed to pierce your organs. But like we were saying, 220 00:12:08,559 --> 00:12:11,520 Speaker 1: killing me slowly, remember the mantra of all medieval torture devices. 221 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:14,520 Speaker 1: The spikes weren't long enough to go completely through your organs, 222 00:12:14,520 --> 00:12:17,240 Speaker 1: so they would prick them and then you would very 223 00:12:17,320 --> 00:12:19,880 Speaker 1: very slowly bleed to death. In the worst part, I 224 00:12:19,960 --> 00:12:21,520 Speaker 1: think this is the two spikes that I meant for 225 00:12:21,559 --> 00:12:24,320 Speaker 1: your eyes as well. Oh my gosh, I can't even 226 00:12:24,360 --> 00:12:27,040 Speaker 1: handle it. So I'm going to tell you guys about 227 00:12:27,040 --> 00:12:29,800 Speaker 1: a special version of the Iron Maiden that was modeled 228 00:12:29,800 --> 00:12:33,439 Speaker 1: after a religious figure in Spain, and that was the 229 00:12:33,520 --> 00:12:36,080 Speaker 1: Virgin Mary. And it was designed so that it looked 230 00:12:36,080 --> 00:12:38,439 Speaker 1: like the Virgin Mary was hugging the victim, but when 231 00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:42,320 Speaker 1: the door was closed, she had spikes within her embrace 232 00:12:42,400 --> 00:12:47,480 Speaker 1: that would pierce into your body. No, definitely not, definitely 233 00:12:47,520 --> 00:12:49,720 Speaker 1: not in the introm If you want to learn more 234 00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:51,880 Speaker 1: about the devil torture devices, or if you need a 235 00:12:51,920 --> 00:12:53,360 Speaker 1: break from all of that and just want to read 236 00:12:53,400 --> 00:12:55,800 Speaker 1: about the Royalty of Deevil, England, we won't blame you, 237 00:12:56,040 --> 00:12:57,880 Speaker 1: but just be sure to visit our website at how 238 00:12:57,960 --> 00:13:01,840 Speaker 1: stuff works dot com for more on this and thousands 239 00:13:01,840 --> 00:13:05,439 Speaker 1: of other topics. Visit how stuff works dot com. Let 240 00:13:05,480 --> 00:13:08,120 Speaker 1: us know what you think, Send an email to podcast 241 00:13:08,360 --> 00:13:10,599 Speaker 1: at how stuff works dot com, and be sure to 242 00:13:10,679 --> 00:13:12,800 Speaker 1: check out the stuff you missed in History Class blog 243 00:13:13,040 --> 00:13:18,320 Speaker 1: on the how stuff works dot com home page.