1 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:06,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind from how Stuff 2 00:00:06,680 --> 00:00:14,000 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey this is Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:17,240 Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas. Julie. 4 00:00:17,280 --> 00:00:19,520 Speaker 1: There is a book I read a little while back 5 00:00:19,560 --> 00:00:22,720 Speaker 1: and it's referencing the title to this podcast, Um, The 6 00:00:22,720 --> 00:00:27,680 Speaker 1: Werewolf Principle by Clifford D. Simmic, and uh, I found 7 00:00:27,680 --> 00:00:31,240 Speaker 1: it really interesting. It's not perhaps not Simmac's best work. 8 00:00:31,440 --> 00:00:34,680 Speaker 1: He's and he's probably best known for a book called City, 9 00:00:34,720 --> 00:00:38,720 Speaker 1: which one Hugo Award. But it's kind of like they 10 00:00:38,720 --> 00:00:41,640 Speaker 1: came up to the Clifford, you know, really established a 11 00:00:41,760 --> 00:00:44,440 Speaker 1: sci fi dude, and they said, hey, we want you 12 00:00:44,479 --> 00:00:49,239 Speaker 1: to write, um a novel about wherewolves from space? And 13 00:00:49,280 --> 00:00:51,960 Speaker 1: then he set out and like wrote the most intelligent, 14 00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:55,800 Speaker 1: interesting take on that concept possible. Of course, instead of 15 00:00:55,800 --> 00:00:59,280 Speaker 1: it just being werewolves landing and running around howling it things, um, 16 00:00:59,320 --> 00:01:04,040 Speaker 1: it involved all yeah yeah, which gets into the interesting 17 00:01:04,120 --> 00:01:06,360 Speaker 1: argument that I've always wondered. It's like, what if what 18 00:01:06,360 --> 00:01:08,080 Speaker 1: would happen to be a a werewolful handed on the moon? 19 00:01:08,280 --> 00:01:10,280 Speaker 1: Would they be aware a wolf all the time? Would 20 00:01:10,280 --> 00:01:12,440 Speaker 1: they be affected by what the Earth was doing? Would 21 00:01:12,440 --> 00:01:17,080 Speaker 1: they be howling all the time. Yeah, yeah, interesting. But 22 00:01:17,080 --> 00:01:20,080 Speaker 1: but the Clifford, the Simcs, the whole take was that 23 00:01:20,120 --> 00:01:22,520 Speaker 1: he decided to make this a person who had been 24 00:01:22,560 --> 00:01:26,720 Speaker 1: engineered to adapt to different environments and sent off into space. 25 00:01:26,760 --> 00:01:29,120 Speaker 1: So he goes to if you were to land on Mars, 26 00:01:29,160 --> 00:01:32,120 Speaker 1: his body would rapidly change so that he could, you know, 27 00:01:32,160 --> 00:01:35,199 Speaker 1: live on Mars um et cetera. And anyway, he's returned 28 00:01:35,200 --> 00:01:38,039 Speaker 1: to Earth and he's he keeps changing into these previous forms, 29 00:01:38,640 --> 00:01:42,000 Speaker 1: and that's the basics. There's also something really like that, 30 00:01:42,160 --> 00:01:45,039 Speaker 1: like humans live in houses that can fly around and there, 31 00:01:45,720 --> 00:01:48,520 Speaker 1: and they're brownies like little um creatures that live in 32 00:01:48,560 --> 00:01:51,360 Speaker 1: the woods. So isn't he like two hundred years old 33 00:01:51,480 --> 00:01:55,200 Speaker 1: or something by the time he returns. Yeah, yeah, yeah, 34 00:01:55,280 --> 00:01:57,520 Speaker 1: so he's got a he's got a lot of living. Yeah, 35 00:01:57,880 --> 00:02:01,080 Speaker 1: but it's a it's such a forming but at hard 36 00:02:01,120 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: it's such a fascinating concept because, uh were we still 37 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:07,920 Speaker 1: talk about terraforming a lot. We talk about I mean, 38 00:02:08,280 --> 00:02:10,920 Speaker 1: one of the basic models of space flight is let's 39 00:02:10,960 --> 00:02:14,440 Speaker 1: take a little bubble of our environment and let's blast 40 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:17,720 Speaker 1: it up into into orbit. Because we are ultimately we're 41 00:02:17,720 --> 00:02:20,160 Speaker 1: creatures that can that are that have evolved to live 42 00:02:21,040 --> 00:02:25,040 Speaker 1: only in a very small region of our own atmosphere, 43 00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:28,560 Speaker 1: just a small portion of the Earth's crust. Because of 44 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:33,000 Speaker 1: the crust also, some definitions includes the atmosphere. So so 45 00:02:33,040 --> 00:02:35,760 Speaker 1: we're only really supposed to live in this one little section. 46 00:02:35,960 --> 00:02:37,760 Speaker 1: But we keep pushing the boundaries. You know. We want 47 00:02:37,760 --> 00:02:39,919 Speaker 1: to climb out everest. We want to to to live 48 00:02:39,960 --> 00:02:42,520 Speaker 1: in space, and then we want to have our little 49 00:02:42,600 --> 00:02:45,760 Speaker 1: environment when we're in orbit. We want to turn Mars 50 00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:49,400 Speaker 1: into Arizona. Uh, you know, and uh and and and 51 00:02:49,400 --> 00:02:53,920 Speaker 1: and and you see these fantastic science visions, um, where 52 00:02:54,080 --> 00:02:56,160 Speaker 1: we've gone out and done that to all these different 53 00:02:56,200 --> 00:02:59,160 Speaker 1: worlds where we we just find, you know, exoplanet after exoplanet, 54 00:02:59,480 --> 00:03:04,040 Speaker 1: change it into Florida, change it into Vacationville, right right, Um, 55 00:03:04,200 --> 00:03:07,519 Speaker 1: we're looking at you, Richard Branson. But and then you think, okay, well, 56 00:03:07,520 --> 00:03:10,000 Speaker 1: I mean fish, they're not doing this. They're not saying, wow, 57 00:03:10,040 --> 00:03:12,560 Speaker 1: I wish I could live on land, right and have 58 00:03:12,680 --> 00:03:15,280 Speaker 1: these gills. You know, how do I come up with 59 00:03:15,360 --> 00:03:19,160 Speaker 1: some sort of lung situation here? Right? They they ended 60 00:03:19,240 --> 00:03:23,840 Speaker 1: up evolving, adapting over time and uh, reaching the point 61 00:03:23,880 --> 00:03:26,640 Speaker 1: where they where something could not return to the water, 62 00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:30,360 Speaker 1: and so you you run into this interesting argument of 63 00:03:30,520 --> 00:03:33,959 Speaker 1: what should we be doing to evolved to our setting 64 00:03:34,280 --> 00:03:38,680 Speaker 1: and as opposed to changing our setting to to to 65 00:03:39,280 --> 00:03:41,880 Speaker 1: adhere to our demands? Right, And of course the astronaut 66 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:44,160 Speaker 1: is like the perfect specimen to look at this whole 67 00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:47,680 Speaker 1: argument with, right, Yeah, yeah, it's because they're not very 68 00:03:47,680 --> 00:03:52,160 Speaker 1: ideal in terms of trying to actually explore space, right 69 00:03:52,480 --> 00:03:55,400 Speaker 1: and nothing against them, yet our humanness getting in the way. Well, 70 00:03:55,440 --> 00:03:56,960 Speaker 1: that's actually a good place to start, like what is 71 00:03:56,960 --> 00:04:01,040 Speaker 1: the ideal astronaut given what we currently know about you 72 00:04:01,080 --> 00:04:05,200 Speaker 1: know about about sending people into orbit? Um. One of 73 00:04:05,240 --> 00:04:07,640 Speaker 1: the more interesting things is that you want somebody with 74 00:04:07,760 --> 00:04:12,200 Speaker 1: ideal methane output? Of course. Yeah. And of course, for 75 00:04:13,360 --> 00:04:15,240 Speaker 1: I think we all know what I'm talking I'm talking 76 00:04:15,240 --> 00:04:18,200 Speaker 1: about farts of course in space. And when you see ideal, 77 00:04:18,240 --> 00:04:21,480 Speaker 1: I think you mean minimum minimum um. Yeah, because at 78 00:04:21,480 --> 00:04:24,880 Speaker 1: first of the methane is uh, it's flammable, So you 79 00:04:24,920 --> 00:04:27,279 Speaker 1: don't want you have a closed environment. You don't want 80 00:04:27,320 --> 00:04:29,800 Speaker 1: like a lot of gas going off in there and 81 00:04:29,839 --> 00:04:35,680 Speaker 1: potentially catching on fire while guys are carrying off you know, experiments, etcetera. 82 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:38,240 Speaker 1: Plus this the whole psychological thing. If you're going to 83 00:04:38,320 --> 00:04:41,560 Speaker 1: be stuck in a spacecraft for six months, you don't 84 00:04:41,600 --> 00:04:44,120 Speaker 1: necessarily want to be gas and people out right right right. 85 00:04:44,600 --> 00:04:46,880 Speaker 1: There's a gavin name of Edwin Murphy, and he did 86 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:50,480 Speaker 1: some he conducted some research on this. Uh and this 87 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:52,880 Speaker 1: is this is really interesting. It was it was there's 88 00:04:52,880 --> 00:04:55,360 Speaker 1: a whole chapter dealing with with this topic. And Mary 89 00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:59,880 Speaker 1: Roach's U latest book, UM about Mars and the space 90 00:05:00,040 --> 00:05:03,280 Speaker 1: the space program. So Murphy used an experimental bean meal 91 00:05:03,400 --> 00:05:05,360 Speaker 1: and he fed it to volunteers who had been rigged 92 00:05:05,440 --> 00:05:10,000 Speaker 1: to a rectal catheter uh to uh and and to 93 00:05:10,000 --> 00:05:12,720 Speaker 1: to measure how much gas was going out. Uh and 94 00:05:12,760 --> 00:05:15,360 Speaker 1: he was he was interested in the individual differences, not 95 00:05:15,400 --> 00:05:18,520 Speaker 1: just the the overall volume, but in you know, the 96 00:05:18,560 --> 00:05:23,360 Speaker 1: percentage of of methane in the game in the the 97 00:05:23,360 --> 00:05:26,920 Speaker 1: the flattest. I believe it's the technical term for it, 98 00:05:27,279 --> 00:05:30,960 Speaker 1: because if you're writing a scientific you know, um, discussion 99 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:33,040 Speaker 1: on something you don't want to just you know, keep 100 00:05:33,080 --> 00:05:36,720 Speaker 1: saying the farts art doesn't cut it and search cheese 101 00:05:36,800 --> 00:05:41,120 Speaker 1: joke here. Yeah, uh so, um, but what he found 102 00:05:41,160 --> 00:05:44,400 Speaker 1: it was really interesting. Uh. He found out that about 103 00:05:44,400 --> 00:05:48,039 Speaker 1: half the population doesn't produce methane in there. Um. I 104 00:05:48,040 --> 00:05:49,880 Speaker 1: thought that was incredible because it was something about like 105 00:05:49,920 --> 00:05:53,640 Speaker 1: their their bacterial flora. Yeah, it's and it's great, and 106 00:05:53,920 --> 00:05:56,040 Speaker 1: it's important to know. The methane itself is like a 107 00:05:57,200 --> 00:06:01,080 Speaker 1: it's not methane doesn't stink. There are other things that 108 00:06:01,240 --> 00:06:05,360 Speaker 1: work in one's digestion decides methane production. Um. So it's 109 00:06:05,360 --> 00:06:07,440 Speaker 1: not something where you can where where these people are 110 00:06:07,520 --> 00:06:13,720 Speaker 1: not creating or uh you know, emanating or express expressing flattist, 111 00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:16,920 Speaker 1: though he did apparently claim that one he found one 112 00:06:16,960 --> 00:06:21,240 Speaker 1: individual who was quote flattist free, which just sounds I 113 00:06:21,279 --> 00:06:23,160 Speaker 1: just I don't I didn't even think that was possible. 114 00:06:23,440 --> 00:06:25,120 Speaker 1: I mean, can you imagine, I mean you could put 115 00:06:25,120 --> 00:06:27,800 Speaker 1: that on your resume. Yeah, I mean people would or 116 00:06:27,839 --> 00:06:30,440 Speaker 1: would they hate you? I don't know, I would kind of. 117 00:06:30,480 --> 00:06:32,320 Speaker 1: I would feel like like if someone if I was 118 00:06:32,360 --> 00:06:33,760 Speaker 1: in a position to hire somebody to be like, oh, 119 00:06:33,760 --> 00:06:36,200 Speaker 1: by the way, I'm flattist free, I'd be like, well, 120 00:06:36,320 --> 00:06:38,520 Speaker 1: I'm not hiring you, jerk. You're gonna just make us 121 00:06:38,560 --> 00:06:41,000 Speaker 1: look bad. Yeah, yeah you're right. Yeah we could never 122 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:45,040 Speaker 1: blame anything on you. Yeah, I just can't. It would 123 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:46,600 Speaker 1: happen in like the dude we just said there, all 124 00:06:46,640 --> 00:06:50,800 Speaker 1: smug like and just it would be horrible. Ye, but 125 00:06:50,920 --> 00:06:54,039 Speaker 1: you could always be an astronaut. Yes, being an astronaut 126 00:06:54,080 --> 00:06:57,679 Speaker 1: would be great because because there wouldn't be any concerned 127 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:02,440 Speaker 1: with methane at all. Um. So, Murphy's whole argument was, Hey, NASA, 128 00:07:02,680 --> 00:07:05,200 Speaker 1: you need to focus on getting astronauts who have the 129 00:07:05,279 --> 00:07:09,840 Speaker 1: proper um um flattest output for space you want. You 130 00:07:09,880 --> 00:07:13,400 Speaker 1: want people that are that are producing the less hostile 131 00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:16,560 Speaker 1: flattest and only those people. Everybody else you're you're out 132 00:07:16,560 --> 00:07:18,400 Speaker 1: of the pool. Yeah. And then NASA was like, no, 133 00:07:18,520 --> 00:07:21,120 Speaker 1: we're just gonna not serve beans, that's right, No cabbage, 134 00:07:21,240 --> 00:07:23,320 Speaker 1: no broccoli. I think we're going to get the go 135 00:07:23,440 --> 00:07:27,640 Speaker 1: the easier route. Yeah. And and actually this guy to um, 136 00:07:27,800 --> 00:07:30,200 Speaker 1: if I understand this correctly from Mary Ridges book, he 137 00:07:30,280 --> 00:07:33,520 Speaker 1: was like a flattest researcher. Like he was employed as 138 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:37,560 Speaker 1: a flattest reacher researcher, and only a flattest researcher. This 139 00:07:37,720 --> 00:07:41,000 Speaker 1: was his life work. Yes, yeah, so you can imagine 140 00:07:41,040 --> 00:07:44,240 Speaker 1: why he took it so seriously and and didn't he 141 00:07:44,320 --> 00:07:47,840 Speaker 1: even uh insert the rectal cathe Yes, she actually talked 142 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:51,560 Speaker 1: about that the rectal catheter. Yeah, I mean it's we're 143 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:54,720 Speaker 1: we're laughing, but it's you know, it's a it's an 144 00:07:54,720 --> 00:07:57,640 Speaker 1: important area of study if you're talking about sending guys 145 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:00,120 Speaker 1: up in gals up into space in this little, a 146 00:08:00,160 --> 00:08:03,440 Speaker 1: tiny environment. But it's but this is cost It's also 147 00:08:03,520 --> 00:08:05,920 Speaker 1: like one of the first like real you know moments 148 00:08:05,920 --> 00:08:07,640 Speaker 1: like which way are we gonna go? Are we gonna 149 00:08:07,840 --> 00:08:11,200 Speaker 1: gonna change our environment? We're gonna change us? And this 150 00:08:11,240 --> 00:08:13,160 Speaker 1: was a chance to not really change us, but to 151 00:08:14,480 --> 00:08:18,800 Speaker 1: you know, selectively choose. And I mean granted, there there 152 00:08:18,840 --> 00:08:22,200 Speaker 1: are you know, minimal requirements for for astronauts and and 153 00:08:22,320 --> 00:08:25,640 Speaker 1: uh members of any you know, space program, stuff like um, 154 00:08:26,080 --> 00:08:29,440 Speaker 1: you know, you know, eyesight, blood pressure height, um. You 155 00:08:29,440 --> 00:08:31,840 Speaker 1: know obviously that they tend to go for people who 156 00:08:31,880 --> 00:08:33,680 Speaker 1: have at least a bachelor's degree and some sort of 157 00:08:33,720 --> 00:08:39,080 Speaker 1: science or yeah. So and and you have to have 158 00:08:39,160 --> 00:08:41,560 Speaker 1: kind of a happy, go lucky disposition, right. Yeah, And 159 00:08:41,600 --> 00:08:44,200 Speaker 1: even like space tourism, most of the models we're looking at, 160 00:08:44,240 --> 00:08:47,160 Speaker 1: even the ones like you know, even like the Branson's 161 00:08:47,280 --> 00:08:50,360 Speaker 1: whole whole space tourm tourism deal, as as much as 162 00:08:50,360 --> 00:08:52,640 Speaker 1: they're going to try and cater that to to make 163 00:08:53,160 --> 00:08:55,719 Speaker 1: make it available to everybody. Uh, the certain people are 164 00:08:55,720 --> 00:08:57,400 Speaker 1: just not going to be eligible to go into space. 165 00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:00,959 Speaker 1: So people who have a fear fly right, I think, 166 00:09:00,960 --> 00:09:02,520 Speaker 1: are going to be cut off the list. Yeah. But 167 00:09:02,520 --> 00:09:05,079 Speaker 1: but this is a case where where NASA could could 168 00:09:05,080 --> 00:09:07,400 Speaker 1: either have have have said, yes, we're gonna go after 169 00:09:07,480 --> 00:09:10,440 Speaker 1: the people who who have minimal flat us you know 170 00:09:10,480 --> 00:09:13,439 Speaker 1: in our methane producers. Um, and they said no, we're 171 00:09:13,440 --> 00:09:18,680 Speaker 1: gonna change the meal plant. So it's so practically so 172 00:09:18,679 --> 00:09:22,320 Speaker 1: so other areas that the Mary roach brings up. Bone mass, 173 00:09:22,320 --> 00:09:24,320 Speaker 1: of course is a big deal. You're gonna lose bone 174 00:09:24,320 --> 00:09:26,320 Speaker 1: mass if the more you're in a in a in 175 00:09:26,400 --> 00:09:29,880 Speaker 1: a microgravity environment. Yeah. And actually that I mean it's 176 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:32,840 Speaker 1: the staff that I saw in that was astronauts lose 177 00:09:32,880 --> 00:09:34,840 Speaker 1: one to two percent of their bone mass for each 178 00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:38,000 Speaker 1: month they spend in space. That's quite a bit. Yeah. 179 00:09:38,120 --> 00:09:40,920 Speaker 1: And uh and and but but the interesting thing is 180 00:09:40,960 --> 00:09:44,600 Speaker 1: that black women, for instance, are seven to percent denser 181 00:09:45,080 --> 00:09:47,840 Speaker 1: in their bones than than than white or Asian women. 182 00:09:48,280 --> 00:09:51,160 Speaker 1: And uh, of course Mary didn't have the have the 183 00:09:51,600 --> 00:09:53,360 Speaker 1: data for men, just for the women. And I assume 184 00:09:53,360 --> 00:09:58,720 Speaker 1: that's tied to osteoporosis research. But but conceivably um black 185 00:09:58,760 --> 00:10:01,839 Speaker 1: men would also have better bone density than wider Asian men. 186 00:10:03,040 --> 00:10:06,280 Speaker 1: So so it ends up creating an interesting argument there 187 00:10:06,400 --> 00:10:13,480 Speaker 1: should we only be using um minimal flat us black astronauts, 188 00:10:14,800 --> 00:10:16,720 Speaker 1: you know, why not? Why not? Yeah, if they're they're 189 00:10:16,720 --> 00:10:19,800 Speaker 1: gonna be more suited for space. And you can take 190 00:10:19,840 --> 00:10:22,439 Speaker 1: this even one step further, and then it's that maybe 191 00:10:22,440 --> 00:10:26,400 Speaker 1: they should all be deaf because because you know, if 192 00:10:26,440 --> 00:10:29,080 Speaker 1: anybody's ever had motion sickness, be it on a boat, 193 00:10:29,480 --> 00:10:32,160 Speaker 1: in the car, etcetera, you know, it's you get kind 194 00:10:32,200 --> 00:10:34,520 Speaker 1: of nauseous. Next thing, you know, you're throwing up into 195 00:10:34,520 --> 00:10:36,280 Speaker 1: the into the floorboard of the vehicles, right, And it's 196 00:10:36,280 --> 00:10:38,440 Speaker 1: an inner ear thing. And people used to think it 197 00:10:38,520 --> 00:10:40,400 Speaker 1: was tied to the stomach, but it's not. Yes, tied 198 00:10:40,440 --> 00:10:43,640 Speaker 1: inner ear and uh and and many people argue that 199 00:10:43,640 --> 00:10:46,720 Speaker 1: it's kind of a mistake of evolution because vomitings, as 200 00:10:46,800 --> 00:10:49,400 Speaker 1: much as we may hate it, does serve a number 201 00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:51,800 Speaker 1: of really key functions. You know, you eat something and 202 00:10:51,840 --> 00:10:54,960 Speaker 1: it's bad, it's poisonous, you barf it up, start over 203 00:10:55,360 --> 00:10:59,079 Speaker 1: um and and actually animals that don't vomit I mean 204 00:10:59,080 --> 00:11:00,840 Speaker 1: that becomes a problem because if they eat something they 205 00:11:00,880 --> 00:11:03,240 Speaker 1: should eat a belief horses are like this, Uh, they 206 00:11:03,240 --> 00:11:05,360 Speaker 1: eat something they shouldn't eat, they can't vomit it up. 207 00:11:05,400 --> 00:11:08,760 Speaker 1: It's it's you know, it's more of a it becomes 208 00:11:08,760 --> 00:11:11,800 Speaker 1: a real problem with huge amount of discomfort. Right, Yeah, 209 00:11:11,840 --> 00:11:13,679 Speaker 1: because like with kids, right, if a kid eats something 210 00:11:13,720 --> 00:11:16,640 Speaker 1: they're not supposed to, A child, not a goat. If 211 00:11:16,640 --> 00:11:19,080 Speaker 1: a child eat something that he or she is not 212 00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:21,599 Speaker 1: supposed to, you can always there's the vomiting, right, you 213 00:11:21,640 --> 00:11:24,920 Speaker 1: can give them epicacue or something. Right. Uh. And I'm 214 00:11:24,960 --> 00:11:26,760 Speaker 1: thinking about this too, like this is sort of accident 215 00:11:26,760 --> 00:11:30,400 Speaker 1: of nature, right, because whatever controls our vomiting response is 216 00:11:30,640 --> 00:11:34,440 Speaker 1: near our inner ear function or something along this. I'm sorry, 217 00:11:34,480 --> 00:11:37,040 Speaker 1: I don't have the correct terminology, but I sort of 218 00:11:37,080 --> 00:11:40,600 Speaker 1: scan that remembering. Okay, So that's why we sometimes vomit 219 00:11:40,679 --> 00:11:43,760 Speaker 1: because we're Yeah, but it serves no evolutionary prop prob 220 00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:45,920 Speaker 1: you know, there's no reason for it. It's like I'm 221 00:11:45,920 --> 00:11:47,960 Speaker 1: feeling kind of motion sickness, and my body's like we 222 00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:50,840 Speaker 1: have to vomit now, you know, there's no Yeah, it 223 00:11:50,840 --> 00:11:56,120 Speaker 1: serves no like evolutionary advantage. Um. So the only way 224 00:11:56,160 --> 00:12:00,480 Speaker 1: to act completely get rid of motion sickness is is 225 00:12:00,600 --> 00:12:03,679 Speaker 1: for the human have a non functioning inner ear. And 226 00:12:03,800 --> 00:12:06,520 Speaker 1: uh so you we can see within go for deaf people. 227 00:12:06,559 --> 00:12:12,920 Speaker 1: So all black deaf astronaut crew with minimal flattus, all right, 228 00:12:13,040 --> 00:12:15,120 Speaker 1: I mean it could happen. I guess The problem is 229 00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:17,960 Speaker 1: is that you just keep narrowing the pool to the 230 00:12:18,000 --> 00:12:20,360 Speaker 1: point where it's probably harder and harder to get astronauts 231 00:12:20,480 --> 00:12:22,720 Speaker 1: right unless you create and this is I'm throwing this 232 00:12:22,800 --> 00:12:24,880 Speaker 1: out there is like a future kind of thing, and 233 00:12:24,880 --> 00:12:27,760 Speaker 1: and and kind of a potentially scare eugenics kind of thing. 234 00:12:27,800 --> 00:12:30,120 Speaker 1: But like then you create a breeding program, right, just 235 00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:34,000 Speaker 1: for astronauts, just to encourage the traits. I mean, we 236 00:12:34,080 --> 00:12:36,040 Speaker 1: do it. We've done it with dogs, and of course 237 00:12:36,040 --> 00:12:39,560 Speaker 1: that has some horrible effects and many times. But conceivably, 238 00:12:39,880 --> 00:12:42,360 Speaker 1: it seems to me you could you could have a 239 00:12:42,360 --> 00:12:45,199 Speaker 1: breeding program similar to the you know, like something out 240 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:48,760 Speaker 1: of Dune where you're just breeding for ideal astronauts. And 241 00:12:48,760 --> 00:12:51,600 Speaker 1: and so it's like a genetic, you know, hereditary thing. 242 00:12:51,960 --> 00:12:55,320 Speaker 1: You create an entire cast or subspecies of astronauts. I know, 243 00:12:55,480 --> 00:12:58,640 Speaker 1: and I'm just thinking now, like the Island of Misfits 244 00:12:58,760 --> 00:13:01,439 Speaker 1: and rud Off red nose reindeer in the elf that 245 00:13:01,520 --> 00:13:03,840 Speaker 1: wanted to be a dentist. Like there might be that 246 00:13:03,880 --> 00:13:06,080 Speaker 1: person that's bred to, you know, do this and gets 247 00:13:06,120 --> 00:13:10,480 Speaker 1: you know what, I really want to go to space? Thanks? Yeah, 248 00:13:11,320 --> 00:13:12,640 Speaker 1: but then then you have to sit down with and 249 00:13:12,679 --> 00:13:15,600 Speaker 1: be like like, but dude, listen, listen like you well, 250 00:13:15,640 --> 00:13:18,839 Speaker 1: don't listen, like read the words writing because you're deaf, 251 00:13:18,880 --> 00:13:21,000 Speaker 1: because we bread for that. Uh. You know it's like 252 00:13:21,040 --> 00:13:24,960 Speaker 1: your your death, your bone density is incredible, your you 253 00:13:24,960 --> 00:13:27,880 Speaker 1: have no methane when you when you when you break wind, 254 00:13:28,080 --> 00:13:30,080 Speaker 1: like this is this is for you. But they're like, no, 255 00:13:30,160 --> 00:13:32,280 Speaker 1: I really really want to be an artist, but what 256 00:13:32,280 --> 00:13:40,000 Speaker 1: do you do? Right? This presentation is brought to you 257 00:13:40,040 --> 00:13:48,440 Speaker 1: by Intel Sponsors of Tomorrow. So so there's that that 258 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:50,880 Speaker 1: viewpoint like what if we so you know, step one, 259 00:13:50,920 --> 00:13:54,040 Speaker 1: we we only choose the people that are ideal for space, 260 00:13:54,400 --> 00:13:56,280 Speaker 1: and then okay, we can take that a step further. 261 00:13:56,360 --> 00:14:00,200 Speaker 1: What if we we bred people for space? Uh? But 262 00:14:00,240 --> 00:14:02,840 Speaker 1: then then the next step is what if we engineered 263 00:14:02,880 --> 00:14:05,839 Speaker 1: people for space? What if we made them um ad 264 00:14:06,160 --> 00:14:09,880 Speaker 1: or made them better, we adapted them for space into 265 00:14:09,920 --> 00:14:14,240 Speaker 1: the cyborg. Yes, um, and like a simple version of 266 00:14:14,240 --> 00:14:15,880 Speaker 1: it would be like if you just made people death 267 00:14:15,880 --> 00:14:17,880 Speaker 1: before we sent him into space, which is kind of horrifying. 268 00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:21,040 Speaker 1: But I'm not sure a lot of people go for that. 269 00:14:21,080 --> 00:14:22,840 Speaker 1: They might, I don't know, but there are a number 270 00:14:22,880 --> 00:14:25,160 Speaker 1: of interesting changes that could that could take place that 271 00:14:25,200 --> 00:14:29,840 Speaker 1: would be less scary, though some of them are pretty scary. Um. 272 00:14:29,880 --> 00:14:32,240 Speaker 1: So let's look get the cyboard and now that this 273 00:14:32,280 --> 00:14:34,960 Speaker 1: is a term that is preloaded these days, because when 274 00:14:34,960 --> 00:14:37,720 Speaker 1: when when I say cyborg, what do you think of? Well, 275 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:40,440 Speaker 1: I think of the Terminator, but I think he's technically 276 00:14:41,520 --> 00:14:44,240 Speaker 1: he was more of a robot covered with flesh, with flesh. 277 00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:49,040 Speaker 1: Darth Vader. Yeah, I think Darth Vader was pretty cybernetic 278 00:14:49,760 --> 00:14:54,760 Speaker 1: in his state. Um, RoboCop perhaps a cyborg. I'm I'm 279 00:14:54,840 --> 00:14:58,000 Speaker 1: kind of foggy on the explanations in the first two movies, 280 00:14:58,040 --> 00:15:00,080 Speaker 1: but but yeah, you get this idea. It's like a 281 00:15:00,160 --> 00:15:05,160 Speaker 1: human being that has been augmented terrifically or terrifyingly with machines. 282 00:15:05,320 --> 00:15:07,480 Speaker 1: Six million dollar, six million dollar man Is is a 283 00:15:07,520 --> 00:15:10,480 Speaker 1: prime example on the cyborg. Yeah. But but again, this 284 00:15:10,600 --> 00:15:12,680 Speaker 1: is kind of a tern that's been taken by by 285 00:15:12,680 --> 00:15:14,880 Speaker 1: science fiction and and just sort of they run wild 286 00:15:14,880 --> 00:15:16,560 Speaker 1: with it. So now you just think of like man 287 00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:19,800 Speaker 1: with half metal face kind of thing. The term actually 288 00:15:19,840 --> 00:15:24,280 Speaker 1: originates back in nineteen sixty September of nineteen sixty in 289 00:15:24,640 --> 00:15:27,880 Speaker 1: uh an edition of Astronautics, and this was an article 290 00:15:27,920 --> 00:15:32,720 Speaker 1: by men Manfred E. Kleins and Nathan S. Klein UH 291 00:15:32,800 --> 00:15:34,960 Speaker 1: one with a C, the second with a K, and 292 00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:38,120 Speaker 1: it was titled Cyborgs in Space and it's a great read. 293 00:15:38,240 --> 00:15:40,040 Speaker 1: I'll have to throw up a link to it on 294 00:15:40,120 --> 00:15:44,680 Speaker 1: the the accompanying blog post when this podcast comes out. Um, 295 00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:47,080 Speaker 1: but they they may they just made he may they 296 00:15:47,120 --> 00:15:50,200 Speaker 1: make the huge argument that, like here's just a quote 297 00:15:50,200 --> 00:15:51,800 Speaker 1: from it. It It really sums it up. In the past, 298 00:15:51,840 --> 00:15:55,040 Speaker 1: evolution brought about the altering of bodily functions to suit 299 00:15:55,080 --> 00:15:57,800 Speaker 1: different environments. Starting as of now, it will be possible 300 00:15:57,840 --> 00:16:01,000 Speaker 1: to achieve this to some degree with out alteration of 301 00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:06,760 Speaker 1: heredity by suitable biochemical, physiological, and electronic modifications of man's 302 00:16:06,760 --> 00:16:10,440 Speaker 1: existing um bodies. So and so, what I thought was 303 00:16:10,480 --> 00:16:12,360 Speaker 1: kind of cool about this too is that it's not 304 00:16:12,400 --> 00:16:17,000 Speaker 1: necessarily that they felt like they were changing humans, but 305 00:16:17,080 --> 00:16:20,880 Speaker 1: that they were improving humans. So that they could explore more, 306 00:16:20,960 --> 00:16:23,440 Speaker 1: and they could have more independence to to create more 307 00:16:23,480 --> 00:16:27,000 Speaker 1: and to think more if they if they weren't um 308 00:16:27,040 --> 00:16:31,360 Speaker 1: burdened by their own physicality. Right, and you in de 309 00:16:31,480 --> 00:16:33,600 Speaker 1: leading people make the argument that the cyborg has been 310 00:16:33,640 --> 00:16:36,200 Speaker 1: around for ages. Right, the second that we skinned an 311 00:16:36,200 --> 00:16:39,880 Speaker 1: animal and started wearing its fur cyborg. Second with the 312 00:16:39,880 --> 00:16:42,560 Speaker 1: second we strapped a wristwatch to our to our arm 313 00:16:42,760 --> 00:16:45,760 Speaker 1: cyborg dentures exactly, yeah, yeah, how are you going to 314 00:16:45,880 --> 00:16:49,360 Speaker 1: chew you know, throw the denters in? You've augmented the 315 00:16:49,880 --> 00:16:53,240 Speaker 1: individual with technology to better enable them for their environment. 316 00:16:53,280 --> 00:16:56,720 Speaker 1: You've become something more than human. Right and and certainly 317 00:16:56,760 --> 00:16:59,440 Speaker 1: we went into a number of these possibilities on the 318 00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:04,760 Speaker 1: previous uh Accessorizing podcast about you know, if somebody can 319 00:17:04,800 --> 00:17:07,840 Speaker 1: wear flippers, they're gonna they're gonna swim faster. Um. You 320 00:17:07,840 --> 00:17:10,840 Speaker 1: know we we wear about computers, are you know our 321 00:17:11,119 --> 00:17:17,360 Speaker 1: our iPhones? It's like there's there's so much technology. Eyeglasses, contacts, um, lasers. 322 00:17:17,840 --> 00:17:20,560 Speaker 1: These are all examples of something where technology changes the 323 00:17:20,600 --> 00:17:23,040 Speaker 1: person to better suit them for their environment. You may 324 00:17:23,119 --> 00:17:24,679 Speaker 1: think of it it's just your everyday life, but your 325 00:17:24,720 --> 00:17:26,320 Speaker 1: everyday life is here on Earth, But what if the 326 00:17:26,359 --> 00:17:29,400 Speaker 1: everyday life was in space? So clients and client took 327 00:17:29,440 --> 00:17:32,040 Speaker 1: that and then they looked at all the problems facing 328 00:17:32,119 --> 00:17:34,879 Speaker 1: us and trying to exist in space or explore space. 329 00:17:35,480 --> 00:17:39,000 Speaker 1: And I thought that the solutions they came up with 330 00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:43,120 Speaker 1: were incredible. I mean, they're they're really creative, and they're 331 00:17:43,119 --> 00:17:47,480 Speaker 1: really interesting ways to to approach the problem. Yes, And 332 00:17:47,520 --> 00:17:49,520 Speaker 1: I have to tell you though, to like reading this, 333 00:17:49,680 --> 00:17:52,320 Speaker 1: I thought, this is this is so crazy, like this 334 00:17:52,359 --> 00:17:54,480 Speaker 1: is the Madman era. Can you imagine them like sitting 335 00:17:54,480 --> 00:17:57,119 Speaker 1: in a cocktail party saying, well, I've got an idea 336 00:17:57,200 --> 00:18:01,880 Speaker 1: about this whole problem of the lungs in space. Yeah, 337 00:18:02,080 --> 00:18:04,159 Speaker 1: or I mean it reminds me a little bit. In 338 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:06,080 Speaker 1: Mary Roach's book, she talks about like when you would 339 00:18:06,080 --> 00:18:10,439 Speaker 1: have scientists, the scientists that designed space travel and the 340 00:18:10,560 --> 00:18:12,919 Speaker 1: jock astronauts that would do it, like setting in the 341 00:18:12,960 --> 00:18:16,040 Speaker 1: same room and the and she pointed out how that 342 00:18:16,080 --> 00:18:18,840 Speaker 1: the scientists would be like, you know, we could develop 343 00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:21,240 Speaker 1: a way for the for them to actually eat parts 344 00:18:21,240 --> 00:18:23,760 Speaker 1: of the ship on the return trip from Mars. And 345 00:18:23,920 --> 00:18:25,600 Speaker 1: maybe there's a way we can make it to where 346 00:18:25,600 --> 00:18:28,040 Speaker 1: they can eat eat pooh or something, you know, it's 347 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:30,199 Speaker 1: like they're actually beginning to think along those lines. And 348 00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:32,320 Speaker 1: the astronauts were like, no, no no, no, no, we're not 349 00:18:32,359 --> 00:18:35,639 Speaker 1: doing that, because it's something about like the scientific mindset 350 00:18:35,680 --> 00:18:37,520 Speaker 1: when you really get into it from a just a 351 00:18:37,520 --> 00:18:42,160 Speaker 1: a pure purely logical problem solving, uh, you know, frame 352 00:18:42,200 --> 00:18:45,119 Speaker 1: of mind. So so there's a hint of that, more 353 00:18:45,119 --> 00:18:47,840 Speaker 1: than a hint of that in this in their original article, 354 00:18:47,880 --> 00:18:51,199 Speaker 1: because it's some of the possibilities are a little uh uh, 355 00:18:51,320 --> 00:18:53,119 Speaker 1: you know, they make you shake your head a little, 356 00:18:53,119 --> 00:18:55,840 Speaker 1: but but but they're but the logic of it is 357 00:18:56,000 --> 00:19:00,280 Speaker 1: is interesting and intive. For instance, they pointed out that 358 00:19:00,320 --> 00:19:05,040 Speaker 1: we could have osmotic pressure pump capsules UM and sensing 359 00:19:05,400 --> 00:19:09,240 Speaker 1: and controlling mechanisms in our bodies like implanted to give 360 00:19:09,320 --> 00:19:12,960 Speaker 1: us medications for blood pressure to give us basically speed 361 00:19:13,080 --> 00:19:16,080 Speaker 1: if we need to to stay awake UM, which you 362 00:19:16,080 --> 00:19:19,880 Speaker 1: know they have various medications on space UM any kind 363 00:19:19,880 --> 00:19:22,760 Speaker 1: of a space mission these days, but you generally have 364 00:19:22,800 --> 00:19:24,800 Speaker 1: to pop the pills yourself. But what if it was 365 00:19:24,800 --> 00:19:27,120 Speaker 1: an automatic thing? And that's one of the huge key 366 00:19:27,400 --> 00:19:32,800 Speaker 1: um aspects of of what was basically cyborg one um 367 00:19:33,040 --> 00:19:35,680 Speaker 1: as outlined in this proposal and that was that we 368 00:19:35,680 --> 00:19:38,200 Speaker 1: were taking these different things and turning them over to 369 00:19:38,359 --> 00:19:42,920 Speaker 1: subconscious functions, right. Yeah, So it wouldn't be like like, oh, 370 00:19:42,960 --> 00:19:44,760 Speaker 1: I'm getting a little sleepy and I've got a high 371 00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:46,840 Speaker 1: pressure job ahead of me. I better uh you know, 372 00:19:46,880 --> 00:19:49,720 Speaker 1: pop some of this uh this NASA speed Uh No, 373 00:19:49,880 --> 00:19:52,879 Speaker 1: you would just it would just kick in ums all 374 00:19:52,920 --> 00:19:56,439 Speaker 1: these sensors that are taking the data and recalibrating your 375 00:19:56,480 --> 00:19:58,880 Speaker 1: body based on that. Yeah. And and other things too 376 00:19:58,960 --> 00:20:04,480 Speaker 1: in this situation, like any radiation medications, uh, pituitary drugs 377 00:20:04,480 --> 00:20:07,359 Speaker 1: to help induce hibernation. That was a big key too, 378 00:20:07,400 --> 00:20:09,480 Speaker 1: because you get into the issue of how are you gonna, 379 00:20:09,520 --> 00:20:12,640 Speaker 1: you know, worry about sending people on long space voyages 380 00:20:12,680 --> 00:20:15,560 Speaker 1: where you know they're gonna be they're going to be 381 00:20:15,560 --> 00:20:18,080 Speaker 1: setting around doing nothing for you know, years. What if 382 00:20:18,080 --> 00:20:20,880 Speaker 1: you could we could learn something from bears. Uh, well, 383 00:20:20,920 --> 00:20:24,160 Speaker 1: bears don't technically hybernate, I remember correctly. It's a different Well, 384 00:20:24,200 --> 00:20:27,560 Speaker 1: I think that they are interested in bears. It's something 385 00:20:27,640 --> 00:20:31,920 Speaker 1: that when they hibernate, they're actually redistributing the calcium back 386 00:20:32,000 --> 00:20:35,120 Speaker 1: to their bones or something nuts like that, that which 387 00:20:35,160 --> 00:20:36,960 Speaker 1: they thought, well, if we could just replicate that in 388 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: humans that would be great. Yeah, yeah, because bears are 389 00:20:39,520 --> 00:20:42,080 Speaker 1: sitting around doing nothing for for the period of their 390 00:20:42,920 --> 00:20:45,560 Speaker 1: of their their winner and app time. But they're not 391 00:20:45,800 --> 00:20:48,720 Speaker 1: they're not losing a bone in their bone in density 392 00:20:49,080 --> 00:20:50,960 Speaker 1: and their their muscles. They can still walk at the 393 00:20:51,040 --> 00:20:54,000 Speaker 1: end of it. The human laid in bed for X 394 00:20:54,080 --> 00:20:56,600 Speaker 1: number of months, he or she would not necessarily be 395 00:20:56,640 --> 00:20:58,800 Speaker 1: able to move when we got it when they woke up. 396 00:20:58,840 --> 00:21:00,600 Speaker 1: And the crux of the problem too that yeah, you 397 00:21:00,640 --> 00:21:04,120 Speaker 1: can you might have muscle atrophy atrophy, but you can 398 00:21:04,119 --> 00:21:07,040 Speaker 1: get your muscles back afterward, right, And you'll have some 399 00:21:07,080 --> 00:21:08,960 Speaker 1: bone loss, but you may not be able to recoup 400 00:21:09,000 --> 00:21:12,040 Speaker 1: actually all of the bone density that you lost in 401 00:21:12,080 --> 00:21:15,800 Speaker 1: particularly um the area in your hips. So if you're 402 00:21:15,800 --> 00:21:18,080 Speaker 1: an astronaut and you reach retirement age, then it's not 403 00:21:18,160 --> 00:21:21,440 Speaker 1: a great scenario for you because that's like the number 404 00:21:21,440 --> 00:21:24,080 Speaker 1: one thing that happens to people are older years is 405 00:21:24,119 --> 00:21:26,560 Speaker 1: that they fall and break their hips. So it's actually 406 00:21:26,560 --> 00:21:29,280 Speaker 1: like a real problem with yeah, yeah, totally. Here a 407 00:21:29,280 --> 00:21:32,880 Speaker 1: few other things from the Cyboard paper. They suggested replacing 408 00:21:32,920 --> 00:21:37,680 Speaker 1: the lung with an inverse fuel cell um, altering your 409 00:21:38,400 --> 00:21:42,320 Speaker 1: intestinal plumbing so that don't love ye waste water goes 410 00:21:42,359 --> 00:21:45,680 Speaker 1: through a filter and right back into your blood, which 411 00:21:46,080 --> 00:21:47,879 Speaker 1: which this is one of those where you can just 412 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:49,679 Speaker 1: imagine it coming up in the in the Madman air 413 00:21:49,760 --> 00:21:51,919 Speaker 1: where it's like, you know, we're wasting a lot of 414 00:21:51,920 --> 00:21:53,760 Speaker 1: water when we go to the bathroom. I think we 415 00:21:53,800 --> 00:21:56,000 Speaker 1: can we can probably pump that through a filter right 416 00:21:56,040 --> 00:21:59,119 Speaker 1: back into the bloodstream. Yes, yes, And to your point 417 00:21:59,160 --> 00:22:03,520 Speaker 1: too about redistributing the poop so to speak. There's a 418 00:22:03,600 --> 00:22:06,359 Speaker 1: quote from the paper that says sterilization of the gas 419 00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:11,199 Speaker 1: show intestinal tract plus intravenous or direct intra gastric feeding 420 00:22:11,240 --> 00:22:14,399 Speaker 1: could reduce fecal elimination to a minimum, and even this 421 00:22:14,480 --> 00:22:17,840 Speaker 1: might be reutilized. So yes, to your point, they're absolutely 422 00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:22,400 Speaker 1: thinking about this eating your own Well, well that's kind 423 00:22:22,400 --> 00:22:24,200 Speaker 1: of the you're putting the dark spin on it, but 424 00:22:24,359 --> 00:22:27,680 Speaker 1: it'll put the light spin on it, minimizing and hate. 425 00:22:27,880 --> 00:22:31,560 Speaker 1: You know, I'm a dreamer one day eliminating pooping, just 426 00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:34,680 Speaker 1: completely get rid of it. What a world we would 427 00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:39,240 Speaker 1: live in? Um So, I mean that would most assuredly 428 00:22:39,359 --> 00:22:43,240 Speaker 1: be the death knail for the newspaper industry, right um. 429 00:22:43,320 --> 00:22:48,560 Speaker 1: The of course, the whole idea of like a recycling 430 00:22:49,040 --> 00:22:52,200 Speaker 1: like urine. Of course, we're already doing that in space. 431 00:22:52,280 --> 00:22:56,040 Speaker 1: We we have water filtration systems and and and and 432 00:22:56,080 --> 00:22:58,880 Speaker 1: of course everybody has the the idea of the still 433 00:22:58,920 --> 00:23:01,399 Speaker 1: suit from in the Dune novels, you know, the idea 434 00:23:01,440 --> 00:23:02,840 Speaker 1: that you could pee in the suit and it would 435 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:05,639 Speaker 1: turn back into water. So um, So some of the 436 00:23:05,680 --> 00:23:07,760 Speaker 1: ideas are like I would not be opposed to wearing 437 00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:09,960 Speaker 1: a still suit to you know, or or two or 438 00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:12,479 Speaker 1: someone said hey, this this water was P an hour ago. 439 00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:14,840 Speaker 1: I'd be like, well, you know, a lot of water 440 00:23:14,960 --> 00:23:16,920 Speaker 1: was P at some point, so it's something. But the 441 00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:20,480 Speaker 1: whole idea of like we're now gonna re reroute your 442 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:24,359 Speaker 1: intestinal system so that the wastewater goes back into your bloodstream, 443 00:23:24,600 --> 00:23:28,840 Speaker 1: that's a little more extreme, but it's an interesting solution. Um. 444 00:23:28,920 --> 00:23:32,040 Speaker 1: Let's see a few other ones here. Enzyme tinkering to 445 00:23:32,119 --> 00:23:37,440 Speaker 1: create anaerobic organisms, in other words, astronauts that don't require 446 00:23:37,520 --> 00:23:41,280 Speaker 1: air or can live in different atmospheres. So that's some 447 00:23:41,440 --> 00:23:47,040 Speaker 1: extreme makeover right there. Yeah, And for those types of solutions, 448 00:23:47,080 --> 00:23:49,920 Speaker 1: I can't help but think, like, how do you recircuit 449 00:23:50,080 --> 00:23:53,880 Speaker 1: that the autonomous part of your body, like your lungs 450 00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:56,640 Speaker 1: that want to breathe like and I do. I think 451 00:23:56,680 --> 00:23:58,960 Speaker 1: that all of their solutions are really fascinating, but that 452 00:23:59,280 --> 00:24:01,280 Speaker 1: to me, those are the st points like that, well, 453 00:24:01,320 --> 00:24:03,639 Speaker 1: the humanness part of our body that wants to do this. 454 00:24:04,160 --> 00:24:06,800 Speaker 1: How do you shut that off? Um? They to go 455 00:24:06,840 --> 00:24:09,480 Speaker 1: back to the inner ear thing and and getting a 456 00:24:09,480 --> 00:24:12,640 Speaker 1: little motion sick and weight blessness. They proposed either draining 457 00:24:12,640 --> 00:24:17,760 Speaker 1: ear fluid or filling them up. So there you go. Um, 458 00:24:17,840 --> 00:24:23,359 Speaker 1: they said, electric slash drug cardiovascular control. They recommended drugs 459 00:24:23,359 --> 00:24:27,280 Speaker 1: to preventing a muscle atrophy, which sounds perfectly reasonable except 460 00:24:27,359 --> 00:24:30,520 Speaker 1: in their in their argument, would probably just happen on 461 00:24:30,560 --> 00:24:33,640 Speaker 1: its own through something implanted in you, which I guess 462 00:24:33,640 --> 00:24:35,240 Speaker 1: you would have to get like a refill pack. You'd 463 00:24:35,280 --> 00:24:36,880 Speaker 1: be kind of like a printer. I'm thinking on your 464 00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:39,360 Speaker 1: back where you have like the cyan and the magenta 465 00:24:39,359 --> 00:24:41,680 Speaker 1: and all this. You'd suddenly you get like a little 466 00:24:41,760 --> 00:24:43,359 Speaker 1: light would show up and it's like, oh, I'm running 467 00:24:43,400 --> 00:24:47,800 Speaker 1: low on anti radiation medicine. Yeah, And I wonder if 468 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:50,600 Speaker 1: there'd be one that would run out the fastest, you know, 469 00:24:50,600 --> 00:24:52,800 Speaker 1: because it seems like we're always having to replace Cian 470 00:24:53,520 --> 00:24:56,400 Speaker 1: I don't know it's true. Why is that? Yeah, it's 471 00:24:56,400 --> 00:24:59,920 Speaker 1: a weird color. But they also recommended lowering body prey 472 00:25:00,040 --> 00:25:04,680 Speaker 1: shirt to facilitate better facilitate spacewalks, whereas naked spacewalks. I'm 473 00:25:04,680 --> 00:25:07,120 Speaker 1: thinking like, like, basically they're saying we could, we would, 474 00:25:07,200 --> 00:25:10,480 Speaker 1: We would just remove some of the necessary functions of 475 00:25:10,480 --> 00:25:14,000 Speaker 1: a space suit. So that's that's pretty wild. They also 476 00:25:14,480 --> 00:25:18,720 Speaker 1: talked about engineering humans to have a light sensitive, chemically 477 00:25:18,800 --> 00:25:23,639 Speaker 1: regulated system that would change their reflecticity. In other words, 478 00:25:25,359 --> 00:25:27,879 Speaker 1: you wear you know, you wear a black shirt on 479 00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:31,960 Speaker 1: a bright day, you end up being hotter, and more 480 00:25:31,960 --> 00:25:34,680 Speaker 1: of that heat you wear a white shirt reflects. So 481 00:25:35,040 --> 00:25:38,120 Speaker 1: in space you're gonna have situations where where you need 482 00:25:38,160 --> 00:25:40,000 Speaker 1: the heat or don't need the heat, because it can 483 00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:42,439 Speaker 1: make a difference between cooking and freezing. Is this the 484 00:25:42,480 --> 00:25:46,840 Speaker 1: protective plastic sponge clothing they are talking about, yes, which 485 00:25:46,840 --> 00:25:51,439 Speaker 1: sounded a um, sounded like I don't know something in 486 00:25:51,480 --> 00:25:56,080 Speaker 1: my attic right. They also brought up anti basically anti 487 00:25:56,119 --> 00:26:00,000 Speaker 1: space madness medications, anti psychosis medications, because you're gonna be 488 00:26:00,040 --> 00:26:01,600 Speaker 1: up there for a while in this cramp space, you 489 00:26:01,640 --> 00:26:06,600 Speaker 1: don't want your fellow astronauts going crazy. Yeah. Yeah, actually, 490 00:26:06,640 --> 00:26:10,200 Speaker 1: and I noticed that that drugs were huge part of 491 00:26:10,240 --> 00:26:13,080 Speaker 1: the solution here for a lot of this stuff. Yeah, 492 00:26:13,119 --> 00:26:15,600 Speaker 1: which makes sense at the time, but I guess, uh, 493 00:26:15,840 --> 00:26:18,480 Speaker 1: not knowing as much about the side effects now. Well, well, 494 00:26:18,480 --> 00:26:20,800 Speaker 1: the thing is they keep a lot of these type 495 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:23,480 Speaker 1: medications on the spaceship. I have a blog post on this, 496 00:26:23,520 --> 00:26:26,440 Speaker 1: which will also link to when I get around and 497 00:26:26,520 --> 00:26:29,119 Speaker 1: doing the the accompanying blog post for this. But but 498 00:26:29,160 --> 00:26:31,240 Speaker 1: there are a number of different medications that they keep 499 00:26:31,240 --> 00:26:33,879 Speaker 1: on on the shuttle. So it's not not just the 500 00:26:33,920 --> 00:26:35,760 Speaker 1: idea of using them, but having them where they kick 501 00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:38,200 Speaker 1: in automatically, where it's like you start feeling a little 502 00:26:38,200 --> 00:26:41,760 Speaker 1: crazy and then you're you're the system that's implanted in 503 00:26:41,800 --> 00:26:44,240 Speaker 1: your side like checks you, you know, so you only 504 00:26:44,240 --> 00:26:47,760 Speaker 1: feel crazy for a second. Gosh, I need that now. 505 00:26:49,080 --> 00:26:52,480 Speaker 1: Oh it's interesting this, uh if I remember correctly. This 506 00:26:52,960 --> 00:26:55,439 Speaker 1: features into n M. Banks culture series. We have the 507 00:26:55,520 --> 00:26:58,840 Speaker 1: humans have been augmented over time, so everybody has like 508 00:26:58,880 --> 00:27:02,240 Speaker 1: all these systems that are either subconsciously or consciously control, 509 00:27:02,560 --> 00:27:05,680 Speaker 1: so they can they can feel less psychotic or or 510 00:27:05,680 --> 00:27:08,720 Speaker 1: you know, crank up there. They're sort of caffeine level 511 00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:12,239 Speaker 1: without actually uh, you know, having something to drink. It's 512 00:27:12,240 --> 00:27:14,480 Speaker 1: just actually made me think about this book that I 513 00:27:14,560 --> 00:27:17,359 Speaker 1: just read, Super Sad True Love Story. I believe this 514 00:27:17,440 --> 00:27:20,680 Speaker 1: is the title, And they talk about everybody has something 515 00:27:20,680 --> 00:27:23,280 Speaker 1: called an apparette, which is they wear around their neck 516 00:27:23,680 --> 00:27:27,240 Speaker 1: and it basically will tell you every bit of data 517 00:27:27,280 --> 00:27:29,840 Speaker 1: about yourself, will communicate it to another person, so you 518 00:27:29,880 --> 00:27:33,439 Speaker 1: could feasibly see what my cholesterol level is and you 519 00:27:33,440 --> 00:27:34,920 Speaker 1: know whether or not I need to adjust that or 520 00:27:34,960 --> 00:27:37,240 Speaker 1: if I even have like little nano robots going through 521 00:27:37,240 --> 00:27:39,840 Speaker 1: my blood like cleaning things up, um, as well as 522 00:27:39,840 --> 00:27:43,040 Speaker 1: my credit score. It's good stuff, but just reminded me 523 00:27:43,080 --> 00:27:48,200 Speaker 1: of that. UM. They also talked about prol using pharmaceuticals 524 00:27:48,240 --> 00:27:52,159 Speaker 1: to to have to kick in some prolonged sleep if 525 00:27:52,200 --> 00:27:54,399 Speaker 1: you get injured, like they're all deals. Like you're on 526 00:27:54,680 --> 00:27:57,560 Speaker 1: your return trip from Mars and you, I don't know, 527 00:27:57,560 --> 00:28:00,000 Speaker 1: you step in tote really badly, or more likely you're 528 00:28:00,040 --> 00:28:03,080 Speaker 1: jured on a spacewalk, etcetera. You might need to just 529 00:28:03,119 --> 00:28:05,280 Speaker 1: be able to put that person under for the ride home. 530 00:28:05,359 --> 00:28:07,520 Speaker 1: It might maybe a condition that can't be or an 531 00:28:07,520 --> 00:28:10,399 Speaker 1: injury that can't be treated reasonably on the ship. That 532 00:28:10,520 --> 00:28:15,440 Speaker 1: was another Hallmark, Yeah, putting people inder and um so yeah, 533 00:28:15,440 --> 00:28:18,240 Speaker 1: those are some of the key arguments that they made. Um. 534 00:28:18,320 --> 00:28:19,840 Speaker 1: From there, they went on to do a number of 535 00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:23,720 Speaker 1: other cyborg studies, where each one dealt with another level 536 00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:27,240 Speaker 1: like cyborg to dealt with the manipulation of human emotions 537 00:28:27,400 --> 00:28:30,280 Speaker 1: through mental exercises. Um. And and this this one involved 538 00:28:30,280 --> 00:28:32,480 Speaker 1: like a lot of hypnosis, like like the idea of 539 00:28:32,560 --> 00:28:36,040 Speaker 1: using using hypnosis too, and and I could see like 540 00:28:36,040 --> 00:28:38,360 Speaker 1: like meditation being a big thing too. Yeah. They mentioned 541 00:28:38,440 --> 00:28:41,720 Speaker 1: yoga too in the paper Yoga in space? Can you 542 00:28:41,760 --> 00:28:44,160 Speaker 1: do what here? You will have done more yoga than me. 543 00:28:44,240 --> 00:28:47,680 Speaker 1: Could you do yoga without gravity? Yeah? I assume you 544 00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:50,800 Speaker 1: could do some of the post is right? Um, I 545 00:28:50,840 --> 00:28:55,960 Speaker 1: mean never having done it and then gravity free environment, 546 00:28:56,000 --> 00:28:58,520 Speaker 1: I'm not quite sure, but yeah, Like I mean, I 547 00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:00,680 Speaker 1: don't know. It seems like the different balance imposes would 548 00:29:00,680 --> 00:29:03,640 Speaker 1: be kind of pointless and like down dog. I don't 549 00:29:03,640 --> 00:29:06,520 Speaker 1: know this down dog even count if there's no gravity. No, 550 00:29:06,680 --> 00:29:08,080 Speaker 1: it doesn't, You're right, I mean, I think you'd have 551 00:29:08,120 --> 00:29:10,440 Speaker 1: to have your compression suit on and perhaps you'd have 552 00:29:10,480 --> 00:29:13,640 Speaker 1: to do like partner yoga with one person holding you down. 553 00:29:13,840 --> 00:29:16,520 Speaker 1: This would be interesting if if anybody out there has 554 00:29:16,560 --> 00:29:19,680 Speaker 1: any thoughts and what a micro gravity yoga technique would 555 00:29:19,680 --> 00:29:24,680 Speaker 1: consist of of to ask my yoga teacher. Um, so 556 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:28,240 Speaker 1: there's that level. Yeah, maybe I will no, I will 557 00:29:28,280 --> 00:29:32,040 Speaker 1: do it. Um maybe alright. So then Cyberg through is 558 00:29:32,080 --> 00:29:36,200 Speaker 1: genetic alterations to enhance the human emotional range. Uh Cyberg 559 00:29:36,240 --> 00:29:40,240 Speaker 1: four deeper genetic changes and then uh Cyberg five. Ultimately 560 00:29:40,320 --> 00:29:44,680 Speaker 1: they were talking about the separation of mind from body. Um, 561 00:29:44,720 --> 00:29:48,040 Speaker 1: which you know, if the ideas like, perhaps instead of 562 00:29:48,040 --> 00:29:51,920 Speaker 1: sending humans to this hostile environment, you fall back on 563 00:29:52,560 --> 00:29:55,120 Speaker 1: the human creation that is best suited for space travel, 564 00:29:55,200 --> 00:29:57,760 Speaker 1: the machine. If we could just simply put our consciousness 565 00:29:57,800 --> 00:30:00,200 Speaker 1: in it or somehow experienced what the machines exp aaran 566 00:30:00,280 --> 00:30:02,840 Speaker 1: sing uh you know, remotely, we could have some sort 567 00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:06,520 Speaker 1: of implant that tied into the robots. Are Yeah, like 568 00:30:06,560 --> 00:30:08,880 Speaker 1: it more or less an extension of what we're already doing, right, 569 00:30:08,960 --> 00:30:11,280 Speaker 1: We just more data. Yeah, we talked a big game, 570 00:30:12,120 --> 00:30:14,920 Speaker 1: you know about sending humans to Mars, but ultimately we 571 00:30:14,960 --> 00:30:17,720 Speaker 1: can send robots there and we can you know, move 572 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:20,440 Speaker 1: our hands on a keyboard and move things on Mars. 573 00:30:20,480 --> 00:30:23,320 Speaker 1: We can we can look through a screen and see 574 00:30:23,520 --> 00:30:27,600 Speaker 1: what's happening on marsh and is that technology improves And 575 00:30:27,920 --> 00:30:30,880 Speaker 1: I mean it's it's basically like we're there and without 576 00:30:30,960 --> 00:30:32,640 Speaker 1: having to worry about how you're gonna feed this person, 577 00:30:32,640 --> 00:30:34,200 Speaker 1: how are you gonna keep them alive? How are you 578 00:30:34,200 --> 00:30:37,200 Speaker 1: going to you know, tackle the the the huge obstacles 579 00:30:37,240 --> 00:30:39,640 Speaker 1: of engineering a person that can survive this environment. That 580 00:30:39,720 --> 00:30:41,400 Speaker 1: makes sense to me. I mean, to to do this 581 00:30:41,480 --> 00:30:44,960 Speaker 1: sort of uh surveillance that you need, right, to have 582 00:30:45,160 --> 00:30:48,680 Speaker 1: nano robots or robots go out and accumulate all that data. 583 00:30:48,760 --> 00:30:51,560 Speaker 1: The thing that I think about is what what's missing there? 584 00:30:51,760 --> 00:30:55,320 Speaker 1: Is um like the overview effect, right that the reporting 585 00:30:55,320 --> 00:30:59,720 Speaker 1: back of the the human part of it. Yeah. So yes, 586 00:30:59,760 --> 00:31:02,040 Speaker 1: the that we've talked about this before in a podcast 587 00:31:02,080 --> 00:31:04,560 Speaker 1: about overview of fact, that sense of euphoria you get 588 00:31:04,600 --> 00:31:07,200 Speaker 1: in this deeper, better understanding of the planet that you 589 00:31:07,280 --> 00:31:10,600 Speaker 1: live in. Yeah, Like the Grand Canyon example is great. 590 00:31:10,680 --> 00:31:12,600 Speaker 1: Like I've never been to the Grand Canyon. I've only 591 00:31:12,640 --> 00:31:15,000 Speaker 1: seen photos of it. It looks really cool in the photos, 592 00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:17,000 Speaker 1: but everyone will tell you that's been there that the 593 00:31:17,040 --> 00:31:19,040 Speaker 1: photos just don't cut it. That you don't really like 594 00:31:19,160 --> 00:31:22,240 Speaker 1: understand the Grand Canyon until you see it, which which 595 00:31:22,280 --> 00:31:25,160 Speaker 1: I totally buy because I mean, that's that's how seeing anything, 596 00:31:25,480 --> 00:31:28,480 Speaker 1: you know, amazing works. It's like the photo, the video. 597 00:31:28,800 --> 00:31:31,640 Speaker 1: You can really capture a moment or a string of moments, 598 00:31:31,680 --> 00:31:35,440 Speaker 1: but it's not the same as being there. Yeah. Yeah, 599 00:31:36,400 --> 00:31:38,440 Speaker 1: but then you know, I don't know, I think about that. Yes, 600 00:31:38,560 --> 00:31:41,800 Speaker 1: robots makes so much more sense. But you know, I've 601 00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:43,520 Speaker 1: seems like I've been bringing this up a lot. But 602 00:31:43,600 --> 00:31:47,000 Speaker 1: like the exo skeletons we talked about the military is using, 603 00:31:47,560 --> 00:31:49,880 Speaker 1: you know, is there a way to combine that technology 604 00:31:50,040 --> 00:31:53,840 Speaker 1: as well as the carbon nanotube muscles that they're trying 605 00:31:53,880 --> 00:31:56,840 Speaker 1: to create, to to glomb that onto the human too, 606 00:31:57,240 --> 00:32:01,440 Speaker 1: to again make them more of this um the cyborg 607 00:32:01,640 --> 00:32:04,920 Speaker 1: in reality as opposed to the future that we keep 608 00:32:04,920 --> 00:32:07,520 Speaker 1: pointing to. Yeah. So one of the big questions that 609 00:32:07,520 --> 00:32:09,320 Speaker 1: comes to mind when we talk about all these different 610 00:32:09,600 --> 00:32:12,400 Speaker 1: variations in the cyborg is is that if we change 611 00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:16,640 Speaker 1: humans to live in space or live in another world, 612 00:32:16,680 --> 00:32:19,360 Speaker 1: at what point are they no longer human? You know? 613 00:32:19,560 --> 00:32:22,480 Speaker 1: Like what you know, you get to where you're adding 614 00:32:22,520 --> 00:32:25,400 Speaker 1: a lot of hardware, you're genetically altering somebody, and then 615 00:32:25,400 --> 00:32:28,440 Speaker 1: you're sending them out and is that a human being anymore? 616 00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:30,800 Speaker 1: Is it something else? Is it a subspecies? I don't know. 617 00:32:30,880 --> 00:32:35,400 Speaker 1: Paul Davies of Study has actually said that biological intelligence 618 00:32:35,560 --> 00:32:39,200 Speaker 1: is only a transitory phenomenon, a fleeting phase in the 619 00:32:39,240 --> 00:32:41,720 Speaker 1: evolution of the universe. And so his feeling is that 620 00:32:42,240 --> 00:32:45,480 Speaker 1: the supplies to humans and and if there are indeed 621 00:32:45,520 --> 00:32:50,840 Speaker 1: in uh, extraterrest extraterrestrial life out there, that it's uh, 622 00:32:50,880 --> 00:32:54,400 Speaker 1: it's got to be some sort of machine hybrid mm hmm. So, 623 00:32:54,600 --> 00:32:56,920 Speaker 1: and this is an idea that's come up before. Is 624 00:32:57,040 --> 00:33:02,480 Speaker 1: aliens Is these more evolved um replications or iterations of 625 00:33:02,480 --> 00:33:07,080 Speaker 1: ourselves that are the sort of machine cyborg being. Yeah, 626 00:33:07,480 --> 00:33:09,160 Speaker 1: and uh, and it falls back in line with what 627 00:33:09,160 --> 00:33:10,760 Speaker 1: we were talking about earlier, Like it comes to like 628 00:33:10,800 --> 00:33:14,320 Speaker 1: the like the like say Cyborg five was talking about, uh, 629 00:33:14,720 --> 00:33:18,800 Speaker 1: like basically machines with human intellects. You know, it becomes 630 00:33:18,840 --> 00:33:20,560 Speaker 1: more of a I mean just again, just look at 631 00:33:20,600 --> 00:33:22,560 Speaker 1: what we've sent out. We sent machines. Machines have been 632 00:33:22,560 --> 00:33:26,680 Speaker 1: the first to land on on on on Mars, on 633 00:33:26,680 --> 00:33:28,600 Speaker 1: on the moon, the first I'm going to be the 634 00:33:28,600 --> 00:33:31,920 Speaker 1: first to leave the Solar System. So, so's the definition. 635 00:33:31,960 --> 00:33:35,160 Speaker 1: Then if the brain is intact, then we're still human. 636 00:33:35,600 --> 00:33:38,880 Speaker 1: But well, I think we would kind of like that 637 00:33:38,920 --> 00:33:40,760 Speaker 1: to be the case. But again, we're not just our brains. 638 00:33:40,760 --> 00:33:42,880 Speaker 1: It's like we're you know, we're we're a much more 639 00:33:42,880 --> 00:33:45,160 Speaker 1: complicated system than that. That's right to bring up the gut. 640 00:33:46,440 --> 00:33:50,040 Speaker 1: So anyway, it's an interesting question at what point, at 641 00:33:50,040 --> 00:33:54,000 Speaker 1: what point do do have At what point would we 642 00:33:54,160 --> 00:33:56,080 Speaker 1: not be human anymore? At what point are we already 643 00:33:56,120 --> 00:34:00,440 Speaker 1: not human? Um? There's a stat that and this is 644 00:34:00,480 --> 00:34:05,040 Speaker 1: ninety seven which which argued that that ten of the 645 00:34:05,080 --> 00:34:08,719 Speaker 1: human population was already a cyborg, just counting like everything 646 00:34:09,200 --> 00:34:13,160 Speaker 1: from you know, pacemakers to prosthetics. Two denture's that there 647 00:34:13,280 --> 00:34:16,440 Speaker 1: was just a huge, huge population segment of the population 648 00:34:16,480 --> 00:34:20,279 Speaker 1: that was already not fully human. And certainly, I mean 649 00:34:21,400 --> 00:34:23,239 Speaker 1: if you start counting clothing, like none of us are 650 00:34:23,360 --> 00:34:26,160 Speaker 1: except for those those few nutives out there. They're keeping 651 00:34:26,160 --> 00:34:30,040 Speaker 1: it real for the for the original humans. We salute you. Yeah, 652 00:34:30,320 --> 00:34:32,640 Speaker 1: so that you have it, um, But we're not quite 653 00:34:32,680 --> 00:34:35,200 Speaker 1: done with the brain and the gut yet, because we 654 00:34:35,280 --> 00:34:39,920 Speaker 1: have a little listener mail speaking of how important it 655 00:34:40,000 --> 00:34:42,600 Speaker 1: is that our gut tell us what to do, and 656 00:34:42,680 --> 00:34:44,799 Speaker 1: you know what to do. Uh. This is uh from 657 00:34:44,840 --> 00:34:48,440 Speaker 1: reader Ryan who writes in about our recent episode about 658 00:34:48,480 --> 00:34:51,399 Speaker 1: the gut in the mind, and they said, quote your 659 00:34:51,480 --> 00:34:53,839 Speaker 1: episode on stomach on the stomach's influence on the mind 660 00:34:54,040 --> 00:34:56,960 Speaker 1: struck my interest in regard to eating disorders. Also, as 661 00:34:56,960 --> 00:34:59,160 Speaker 1: a late teen, I had a peculiar and sudden onset 662 00:34:59,320 --> 00:35:03,080 Speaker 1: with a few life altering issues like IBS, irritable bal syndrome, 663 00:35:03,640 --> 00:35:07,520 Speaker 1: manic depression more and more mannic than depressive, frankly, which 664 00:35:07,560 --> 00:35:10,799 Speaker 1: can be very destructive, he adds UM and eventually a 665 00:35:10,960 --> 00:35:13,800 Speaker 1: very long about with anorexia, which initiated as a coping 666 00:35:13,840 --> 00:35:16,920 Speaker 1: mechanism with the ib S. The IBS almost completely subsided 667 00:35:17,080 --> 00:35:19,880 Speaker 1: by my early twenties, but the anorexia persisted, and it 668 00:35:19,920 --> 00:35:22,440 Speaker 1: really felt like I didn't have control over my own body. 669 00:35:23,040 --> 00:35:26,280 Speaker 1: I often compare it to how a heavy substance substance 670 00:35:26,320 --> 00:35:29,799 Speaker 1: addiction must feel. I dedicate a lot of insight into 671 00:35:29,800 --> 00:35:33,120 Speaker 1: eating disorders because they are so misunderstood, stood as being 672 00:35:33,239 --> 00:35:36,080 Speaker 1: a fueled by vanity, which just isn't the case, not 673 00:35:36,160 --> 00:35:38,960 Speaker 1: always anyway. With these new insights on how much the 674 00:35:38,960 --> 00:35:41,279 Speaker 1: stomach affects the mind, I'm excited to see what this 675 00:35:41,320 --> 00:35:44,520 Speaker 1: will mean for the underlying uh and treatment of eating 676 00:35:44,520 --> 00:35:47,040 Speaker 1: disorders on the whole. I mean, I'm sorry for the 677 00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:50,480 Speaker 1: understanding and treatment. UH. And again that was from our 678 00:35:50,480 --> 00:35:53,200 Speaker 1: reader Ryan, which I think is really interesting because that 679 00:35:53,360 --> 00:35:56,920 Speaker 1: is what neuro gastontologists are pointing to. Are there. They 680 00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:59,239 Speaker 1: are saying, like, is the gut of the problem here? 681 00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:01,719 Speaker 1: Is that the the one that is mentally unstable in 682 00:36:01,800 --> 00:36:05,920 Speaker 1: sending all these signals up to the brain and confusing matters, right, Um, 683 00:36:06,120 --> 00:36:08,719 Speaker 1: so you gotta you gotta look out for that one. 684 00:36:08,719 --> 00:36:11,719 Speaker 1: It's going to be big news here. And UH. On 685 00:36:11,800 --> 00:36:15,560 Speaker 1: a lighter note, UH. In response to the same episode, 686 00:36:16,040 --> 00:36:19,080 Speaker 1: Kevin writes and it says, just reassuring your podcast by 687 00:36:19,120 --> 00:36:21,040 Speaker 1: saying that I probably listen to my gut more than 688 00:36:21,040 --> 00:36:23,319 Speaker 1: I listened to my brain, because every time I listen 689 00:36:23,400 --> 00:36:25,280 Speaker 1: to my brain it leads me in the wrong direction. 690 00:36:25,400 --> 00:36:27,520 Speaker 1: But when I listened to my stomach, I generally have 691 00:36:27,560 --> 00:36:31,120 Speaker 1: a better time here here. Yeah, you know, And I 692 00:36:31,160 --> 00:36:33,120 Speaker 1: think it's interesting. As we started out this podcast talking 693 00:36:33,120 --> 00:36:37,640 Speaker 1: about Flattiste, We've just close the circle with the guts. 694 00:36:38,640 --> 00:36:41,239 Speaker 1: There's no avoiding it. As much as we you know, 695 00:36:41,320 --> 00:36:43,879 Speaker 1: we we would like to, we haven't reached that point 696 00:36:43,880 --> 00:36:47,839 Speaker 1: where we have engineered the humans that no longer um 697 00:36:48,760 --> 00:36:53,520 Speaker 1: um unit flattis or poop. So that's right now, sttological 698 00:36:53,719 --> 00:36:57,880 Speaker 1: free humans. Yeah. So hey, if you have anything to 699 00:36:58,040 --> 00:37:01,359 Speaker 1: add to that, and certainly if you're the one one, 700 00:37:01,520 --> 00:37:03,880 Speaker 1: or or or very few of one of the very 701 00:37:03,880 --> 00:37:06,719 Speaker 1: few individuals out there who is flattest free um, do 702 00:37:06,880 --> 00:37:08,880 Speaker 1: let us know. You can find us on Facebook and Twitter, 703 00:37:09,400 --> 00:37:11,759 Speaker 1: where we are blow the Mind on both of those. 704 00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:14,279 Speaker 1: We won't shown you. We promised, no, we won't. We 705 00:37:14,280 --> 00:37:16,760 Speaker 1: won't shown you. You can also send us an email 706 00:37:16,840 --> 00:37:22,800 Speaker 1: at blow the Mind at how stuff works dot com. 707 00:37:22,840 --> 00:37:25,319 Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics, visit 708 00:37:25,320 --> 00:37:28,120 Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. To learn more about the podcast, 709 00:37:28,360 --> 00:37:30,880 Speaker 1: click on the podcast icon in the upper right corner 710 00:37:30,880 --> 00:37:33,960 Speaker 1: of our homepage. The how stuff Works iPhone app has 711 00:37:34,000 --> 00:37:36,480 Speaker 1: a ride. Download it today on iTunes.