1 00:00:01,080 --> 00:00:04,040 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how 2 00:00:04,080 --> 00:00:13,320 Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:13,440 --> 00:00:16,479 Speaker 1: I'm Tracy D. Wilson and I'm Holly Frying. Over the 4 00:00:16,560 --> 00:00:18,680 Speaker 1: last couple of years the Holly and I have been 5 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:21,520 Speaker 1: on this show, we have gotten literally hundreds and hundreds 6 00:00:21,560 --> 00:00:26,160 Speaker 1: of requests from listeners, and maybe five percent of them 7 00:00:26,239 --> 00:00:28,560 Speaker 1: are requests that we get over and over and over 8 00:00:28,640 --> 00:00:32,920 Speaker 1: and over again, And unfortunately a handful of those most 9 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:36,519 Speaker 1: requested episodes are also ones that we can't really do 10 00:00:36,840 --> 00:00:40,840 Speaker 1: a whole show on. Sometimes there's just not enough information 11 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:47,040 Speaker 1: available about the thing. Sometimes the information exists somewhere, but 12 00:00:47,159 --> 00:00:49,200 Speaker 1: there's not a way that we can really get to it. 13 00:00:49,200 --> 00:00:52,240 Speaker 1: It's either uh, not in a language that we speak, 14 00:00:53,240 --> 00:00:55,480 Speaker 1: or it's so spread out among so many different things 15 00:00:55,520 --> 00:00:58,000 Speaker 1: that it would take way more time than we can 16 00:00:58,040 --> 00:01:00,400 Speaker 1: really put into a show that puts out two new 17 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:06,759 Speaker 1: episodes in a week. Or sometimes they're just there's information, 18 00:01:06,840 --> 00:01:11,000 Speaker 1: but it's so far removed from primary sources that it 19 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:15,440 Speaker 1: just doesn't feel that reliable. Occasionally we actually get emails 20 00:01:15,480 --> 00:01:16,720 Speaker 1: from people who kind of go, I want you to 21 00:01:16,760 --> 00:01:19,440 Speaker 1: do an episode on this. I know the information is 22 00:01:19,480 --> 00:01:22,039 Speaker 1: out there, because my friend is doing his master's thesis 23 00:01:22,120 --> 00:01:25,240 Speaker 1: on it, and I'm just gonna go ahead and put 24 00:01:25,240 --> 00:01:27,920 Speaker 1: it out there. We cannot do a master's thesis level 25 00:01:27,959 --> 00:01:30,840 Speaker 1: of work for a podcast that comes out twice a week. 26 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:33,720 Speaker 1: We would be on like a Dan Carlin hardcore history 27 00:01:33,800 --> 00:01:36,280 Speaker 1: kind of schedule if if that were the time that 28 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:38,319 Speaker 1: we could put into every episode. So what we're gonna 29 00:01:38,319 --> 00:01:41,920 Speaker 1: do today is to take six of these things that 30 00:01:41,959 --> 00:01:44,600 Speaker 1: are impossible to do an episode on their own, and 31 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:48,080 Speaker 1: we're gonna just run through them in one show. So 32 00:01:48,280 --> 00:01:52,560 Speaker 1: that is our six impossible episodes for today. So first up, 33 00:01:52,560 --> 00:01:55,160 Speaker 1: we're gonna talk about Mary Fields, who is also known 34 00:01:55,160 --> 00:01:57,880 Speaker 1: as Stagecoach Mary. And this is a person who a 35 00:01:57,920 --> 00:01:59,800 Speaker 1: lot of people here about for the first time through 36 00:01:59,840 --> 00:02:02,840 Speaker 1: a post on Badass of the Week, which, if you're 37 00:02:02,840 --> 00:02:05,279 Speaker 1: not familiar with that site, the language is a bit blue, 38 00:02:05,400 --> 00:02:08,040 Speaker 1: so maybe do not google it after this episode and 39 00:02:08,080 --> 00:02:11,399 Speaker 1: read it allowed to an elementary school class or other 40 00:02:11,720 --> 00:02:17,080 Speaker 1: small children, etcetera. Here's what we do know about Stagecoach Mary. 41 00:02:17,160 --> 00:02:20,200 Speaker 1: She was born a slave in Tennessee in eighteen thirty 42 00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:22,840 Speaker 1: two and was owned by a family called the Dunns. 43 00:02:23,600 --> 00:02:26,600 Speaker 1: She had one of the Dunn's daughters Dolly basically grew 44 00:02:26,680 --> 00:02:29,720 Speaker 1: up together, and Mary learned to read and write while 45 00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:33,480 Speaker 1: she was still a slave. After slavery was abolished, she 46 00:02:33,560 --> 00:02:37,040 Speaker 1: moved to Toledo, Ohio with Dolly Dunn, who was going 47 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:41,040 Speaker 1: there to become a nun. Dolly Dunn became known as 48 00:02:41,080 --> 00:02:45,080 Speaker 1: Mother Amadeus, and she eventually moved to Cascade, Montana to 49 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:48,720 Speaker 1: teach at a school for Native American children. For a while, 50 00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:51,920 Speaker 1: Mary stayed behind in Ohio, but when Mother Amadeus became 51 00:02:51,960 --> 00:02:57,680 Speaker 1: extremely ill, they sent for her. Mother Amadeus eventually got better, 52 00:02:57,840 --> 00:03:01,720 Speaker 1: and Mary stayed in Cascade. Did odd jobs around St. 53 00:03:01,760 --> 00:03:05,240 Speaker 1: Peter's Mission, and she basically acted as a protector for 54 00:03:05,280 --> 00:03:08,280 Speaker 1: the nuns. She also got a job delivering the mail 55 00:03:08,360 --> 00:03:11,520 Speaker 1: by stagecoach, which made her the first African American woman 56 00:03:11,600 --> 00:03:15,320 Speaker 1: to work delivering US mail. And we talk in our 57 00:03:15,400 --> 00:03:19,240 Speaker 1: Charlie Parkhurst episode about what a demanding and dangerous job 58 00:03:19,320 --> 00:03:24,000 Speaker 1: stagecoach driving was, and Mary apparently took to it tremendously. 59 00:03:24,280 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: She was extremely reliable as a driver, and she developed 60 00:03:27,440 --> 00:03:31,480 Speaker 1: a reputation for fighting, brawling, and taking guph from absolutely 61 00:03:31,600 --> 00:03:34,320 Speaker 1: no one. Uh There are a number of stories of 62 00:03:34,360 --> 00:03:37,080 Speaker 1: her knocking men out with one blow under a variety 63 00:03:37,080 --> 00:03:40,280 Speaker 1: of circumstances, and this is also why she wound up 64 00:03:40,360 --> 00:03:43,160 Speaker 1: not working for the convent anymore. Uh. It was the 65 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:46,200 Speaker 1: combination of her personality and her work that earned her 66 00:03:46,240 --> 00:03:51,880 Speaker 1: that nickname Stagecoach Mary. Eventually she retired from stagecoach driving 67 00:03:51,880 --> 00:03:55,320 Speaker 1: and opened a laundry and she became a really beloved 68 00:03:55,440 --> 00:03:59,200 Speaker 1: figure in Cascade, which actually made her birthday a holiday. 69 00:04:00,040 --> 00:04:03,000 Speaker 1: And stage Coach Mary died in nineteen fourteen. She was 70 00:04:03,040 --> 00:04:05,040 Speaker 1: eighty two at the time, and she is buried just 71 00:04:05,120 --> 00:04:09,800 Speaker 1: outside Cascade, Montana. In terms of information about her, there's 72 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:12,840 Speaker 1: a children's book about her, as well as a documentary 73 00:04:12,920 --> 00:04:16,400 Speaker 1: called Discovering Mary, and that's by a woman named Joyce Fitzpatrick. 74 00:04:16,960 --> 00:04:19,599 Speaker 1: I haven't seen the film itself, but she talks about 75 00:04:19,720 --> 00:04:24,000 Speaker 1: picking up tidbits of information for years before making the film, 76 00:04:24,279 --> 00:04:26,800 Speaker 1: and the film itself actually started out more as a 77 00:04:26,880 --> 00:04:30,520 Speaker 1: documentary of her recording her own process of looking for 78 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:34,400 Speaker 1: more information about Mary Fields. So when for People first 79 00:04:34,520 --> 00:04:37,880 Speaker 1: started asking us to do an episode about stage Coach Mary, 80 00:04:37,920 --> 00:04:42,520 Speaker 1: there was actually a crowdfunding project in the works somewhere 81 00:04:42,720 --> 00:04:46,000 Speaker 1: about a documentary. I'm not sure if it was this 82 00:04:46,080 --> 00:04:49,680 Speaker 1: documentary or a different one. But now almost two years 83 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:52,839 Speaker 1: later when I went looking for it again, all traces 84 00:04:52,920 --> 00:04:55,880 Speaker 1: of that have vanished into the ether. So at the 85 00:04:55,960 --> 00:04:58,479 Speaker 1: time I was like, hey, when this documentary comes out, 86 00:04:58,560 --> 00:05:01,480 Speaker 1: maybe we will be able to get enough to do 87 00:05:01,560 --> 00:05:05,719 Speaker 1: a whole episode on this person. And it's it evaporated. 88 00:05:05,800 --> 00:05:09,240 Speaker 1: I don't I don't know what happens to it. So 89 00:05:09,320 --> 00:05:11,840 Speaker 1: if it does come out, there's alway still with possibility. 90 00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:15,120 Speaker 1: We'll see. But next step in our impossible episodes is 91 00:05:15,160 --> 00:05:18,120 Speaker 1: the London beer flood. And you may remember the episode 92 00:05:18,120 --> 00:05:21,080 Speaker 1: in our archive about the Boston molasses flood, which was 93 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:24,600 Speaker 1: back in the era of Katie and Sarah in nif 94 00:05:25,120 --> 00:05:28,160 Speaker 1: of that in Boston's North End ber sending a fifteen 95 00:05:28,160 --> 00:05:32,040 Speaker 1: foot wave of molasses that ripped buildings off their foundations 96 00:05:32,400 --> 00:05:35,440 Speaker 1: and killed more than twenty people and also injured another 97 00:05:35,480 --> 00:05:39,440 Speaker 1: one hundred and fifty. So the London beer flood was 98 00:05:39,480 --> 00:05:42,880 Speaker 1: a lot like that, except that it was beer, and 99 00:05:42,920 --> 00:05:45,719 Speaker 1: it was about a hundred years earlier, and it's also 100 00:05:45,839 --> 00:05:49,560 Speaker 1: we have a similar amount of information about it as 101 00:05:49,640 --> 00:05:53,320 Speaker 1: about the Boston molasses flood, except that episode on the 102 00:05:53,360 --> 00:05:55,880 Speaker 1: Boston Molasses flood is from back when the podcast was 103 00:05:55,960 --> 00:06:00,200 Speaker 1: only fifteen minutes long. Yeah, there was a lot us 104 00:06:00,240 --> 00:06:02,360 Speaker 1: flushing out of all of the details at that point. 105 00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:05,880 Speaker 1: And so for the London beer flood. On October seventeenth, 106 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:10,000 Speaker 1: eighteen fourteen, a three story tall beer vat of fermenting 107 00:06:10,040 --> 00:06:13,359 Speaker 1: beer broke at a brewery and unleashed a fifteen foot 108 00:06:13,440 --> 00:06:17,240 Speaker 1: high wave of porter and as the wave roared through 109 00:06:17,279 --> 00:06:20,400 Speaker 1: the brewery, it broke taps off other vats, which caused 110 00:06:20,400 --> 00:06:24,159 Speaker 1: a chain reaction that then flooded the surrounding area with beer. 111 00:06:25,680 --> 00:06:29,719 Speaker 1: Some sources report this having happened at the Horseshew Brewery 112 00:06:29,760 --> 00:06:33,560 Speaker 1: on Tottenham Court Road, and other sources say it was 113 00:06:33,680 --> 00:06:37,280 Speaker 1: the Mrs Henry mu and Company on Bainbridge Street. So 114 00:06:37,360 --> 00:06:40,560 Speaker 1: to kind of solve that mystery, those two streets intersect 115 00:06:40,600 --> 00:06:45,520 Speaker 1: with each other, uh And the second the Mew Brothers 116 00:06:45,640 --> 00:06:48,560 Speaker 1: bought the brewery in eighteen forty one, so this is 117 00:06:48,600 --> 00:06:51,520 Speaker 1: sort of two different ways of describing the same brewery. 118 00:06:51,880 --> 00:06:54,200 Speaker 1: And eight people were killed in the beer flood and 119 00:06:54,240 --> 00:06:57,760 Speaker 1: many buildings were destroyed. There was no drainage in the streets, 120 00:06:57,760 --> 00:07:00,760 Speaker 1: so the beer basically had nowhere to go except through 121 00:07:01,520 --> 00:07:03,800 Speaker 1: people's homes, so it just went right into them and 122 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:06,240 Speaker 1: right through them. And two of those people that were 123 00:07:06,320 --> 00:07:08,840 Speaker 1: killed for a mother and daughter who were having tea 124 00:07:09,000 --> 00:07:12,000 Speaker 1: in their home and then were swept away. Five more 125 00:07:12,040 --> 00:07:14,040 Speaker 1: were a family who had been killed in their basement 126 00:07:14,520 --> 00:07:16,360 Speaker 1: while they were in the process of mourning their two 127 00:07:16,440 --> 00:07:19,480 Speaker 1: year old child who had just died. A brick wall 128 00:07:19,560 --> 00:07:24,040 Speaker 1: collapsed and killed another woman named Eleanor Cooper. There was 129 00:07:24,200 --> 00:07:27,760 Speaker 1: an inquest after has happened. One of the hoops holding 130 00:07:27,760 --> 00:07:31,200 Speaker 1: the vat together had actually broken and slipped off earlier 131 00:07:31,200 --> 00:07:34,720 Speaker 1: in the day, but apparently this wasn't a really unusual occurrence. 132 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:36,840 Speaker 1: It happened sometimes and they would go and fix it. 133 00:07:37,520 --> 00:07:40,600 Speaker 1: When George Crick, who was a seventeen year employee of 134 00:07:40,640 --> 00:07:43,840 Speaker 1: the brewery, reported the incident to his boss, he was 135 00:07:43,880 --> 00:07:45,840 Speaker 1: told that it would not be a problem and he 136 00:07:45,880 --> 00:07:49,880 Speaker 1: was instructed to delegate replacing the hoop to a different employee. 137 00:07:50,360 --> 00:07:53,200 Speaker 1: The inquest determined that this was an act of God 138 00:07:53,720 --> 00:07:57,120 Speaker 1: and the brewery was cleared of all around doing. There 139 00:07:57,120 --> 00:08:00,280 Speaker 1: were no restitutions paid, and actually the taxes is that 140 00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:03,640 Speaker 1: the brewery had previously paid on the beer that it 141 00:08:03,680 --> 00:08:08,440 Speaker 1: was brewing were waived. One of the longstanding rumors about 142 00:08:08,440 --> 00:08:10,680 Speaker 1: this flood is that people rushed to the streets with 143 00:08:10,720 --> 00:08:13,960 Speaker 1: pots and pans to try to get free beer. This 144 00:08:14,040 --> 00:08:17,320 Speaker 1: is almost certainly false and probably stems from an effort 145 00:08:17,600 --> 00:08:20,800 Speaker 1: to sort of insult the people living there, because many 146 00:08:20,800 --> 00:08:25,040 Speaker 1: of them were Irish. The brewery did eventually resume operations, 147 00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:29,320 Speaker 1: but then it closed in n one, the two hundredth 148 00:08:29,400 --> 00:08:32,920 Speaker 1: anniversary of the London Beer Flood was in and at 149 00:08:32,960 --> 00:08:36,280 Speaker 1: that point there was this just huge number of articles 150 00:08:36,320 --> 00:08:38,560 Speaker 1: that came out about it, and I was really hopeful 151 00:08:38,600 --> 00:08:40,720 Speaker 1: at that point that hey, we'll have enough information to 152 00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:44,160 Speaker 1: do a whole episode now, But all the articles basically 153 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:46,600 Speaker 1: said the facts that we just told you. There wasn't 154 00:08:46,600 --> 00:08:49,680 Speaker 1: a lot of additional information that came out around the 155 00:08:49,760 --> 00:08:53,400 Speaker 1: two hundredth anniversary. So the middle part of this episode 156 00:08:53,400 --> 00:08:56,040 Speaker 1: is going to cover two subjects that have brought on 157 00:08:56,120 --> 00:08:59,280 Speaker 1: a load of request, but they are really really difficult 158 00:08:59,280 --> 00:09:02,480 Speaker 1: to substantially. So before we dive into those, Tracy, do 159 00:09:02,480 --> 00:09:04,760 Speaker 1: you want to pause for a word from a sponsor, Well, 160 00:09:04,840 --> 00:09:09,000 Speaker 1: let's do that, alrighty. We've gotten several requests to talk 161 00:09:09,040 --> 00:09:11,520 Speaker 1: about Edward more Drake, and we got a lot more 162 00:09:11,920 --> 00:09:15,080 Speaker 1: after he was a character in the most recent season 163 00:09:15,120 --> 00:09:17,720 Speaker 1: of American Horror Story. But if you take all the 164 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:22,160 Speaker 1: supposedly out of Edward Mordraake story, there's not a lot 165 00:09:22,200 --> 00:09:25,600 Speaker 1: of words left in it. So what we do know 166 00:09:27,400 --> 00:09:30,960 Speaker 1: supposedly is that Edward Murderke was the son of an 167 00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:34,160 Speaker 1: upper class or noble family in England, and he's said 168 00:09:34,200 --> 00:09:37,280 Speaker 1: to have been rather a good looking man, except for 169 00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:39,000 Speaker 1: the fact that he had a second face on the 170 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:43,080 Speaker 1: back of his head. The most lengthy documentation we have 171 00:09:43,160 --> 00:09:47,400 Speaker 1: of this is from Curiosities of Medicine, being an encyclopedic 172 00:09:47,520 --> 00:09:51,440 Speaker 1: collection of rare and extraordinary cases and the most striking 173 00:09:51,559 --> 00:09:55,000 Speaker 1: instances of abnormality in all branches of medicine and surgery, 174 00:09:55,200 --> 00:09:58,480 Speaker 1: derived from an exhaustive research of medical literature from its 175 00:09:58,480 --> 00:10:03,880 Speaker 1: origin to the present day, abstracted, classified, annotated, and indexed, 176 00:10:04,080 --> 00:10:07,040 Speaker 1: and that is by George M. Gould and Walter L. Pyle, 177 00:10:07,200 --> 00:10:10,440 Speaker 1: and that came out at about eighteen nineties six. So 178 00:10:10,520 --> 00:10:14,720 Speaker 1: that entry goes. The following well known story of Edward Mordrake, 179 00:10:14,840 --> 00:10:18,160 Speaker 1: though taken from lay sources, is of sufficient notoriety and 180 00:10:18,240 --> 00:10:21,600 Speaker 1: interest to be mentioned here. Quote one of the weirdest 181 00:10:21,679 --> 00:10:24,960 Speaker 1: as well as most melancholy stories of human deformity, is 182 00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:27,520 Speaker 1: that of Edward mor Drake, said to have been heir 183 00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:30,320 Speaker 1: to one of the noblest peerages in England. He never 184 00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:33,360 Speaker 1: claimed the title, however, and committed suicide in his twenty 185 00:10:33,400 --> 00:10:37,440 Speaker 1: third year. He lived in complete seclusion, refusing the visits 186 00:10:37,480 --> 00:10:39,959 Speaker 1: even of the members of his own family. He was 187 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:43,320 Speaker 1: a young man of fine attainments, a profound scholar, and 188 00:10:43,360 --> 00:10:47,120 Speaker 1: a musician of rare ability. His figure was remarkable for 189 00:10:47,160 --> 00:10:49,800 Speaker 1: its grace and his face. That is to say, his 190 00:10:49,960 --> 00:10:54,160 Speaker 1: natural faith was that of an antinous But upon the 191 00:10:54,200 --> 00:10:56,400 Speaker 1: back of his head was another faith, that of a 192 00:10:56,440 --> 00:11:00,360 Speaker 1: beautiful girl, lovely as a dream, hideous as a devil. 193 00:11:00,960 --> 00:11:04,080 Speaker 1: The female face was a mere mask, occupying only a 194 00:11:04,120 --> 00:11:07,480 Speaker 1: small portion of the posterior part of the skull, yet 195 00:11:07,480 --> 00:11:11,319 Speaker 1: exhibiting every sign of intelligence of a malignant sort. However, 196 00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:14,520 Speaker 1: it would be seen to smile and sneer while more 197 00:11:14,600 --> 00:11:17,800 Speaker 1: Drake was weeping. The eyes would follow the movements of 198 00:11:17,840 --> 00:11:21,360 Speaker 1: the spectator, and the lips would jibber without ceasing. No 199 00:11:21,520 --> 00:11:24,360 Speaker 1: voice was audible, but more Drake aversed that he was 200 00:11:24,440 --> 00:11:26,760 Speaker 1: kept from his rest at night by the hateful whispers 201 00:11:26,760 --> 00:11:29,760 Speaker 1: of his devil twin, as he called it, which never sleeps, 202 00:11:29,800 --> 00:11:32,319 Speaker 1: but talks to me forever of such things as they 203 00:11:32,360 --> 00:11:36,040 Speaker 1: only speak of in hell. No imagination can conceive the 204 00:11:36,160 --> 00:11:40,439 Speaker 1: dreadful temptations it sets before me, for some unforgiven wickedness 205 00:11:40,440 --> 00:11:43,320 Speaker 1: of my forefathers. I am knit to this fiend. For 206 00:11:43,400 --> 00:11:46,720 Speaker 1: a fiend it surely is. I beg and beseech you 207 00:11:46,760 --> 00:11:49,240 Speaker 1: to crush it out of human semblance, even if I 208 00:11:49,440 --> 00:11:52,560 Speaker 1: die for it. Such were the words of the hapless 209 00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:56,400 Speaker 1: more Drake to man version treadwill has physicians. In spite 210 00:11:56,400 --> 00:11:59,920 Speaker 1: of careful watching, he managed to procure poison whereof he died, 211 00:12:00,520 --> 00:12:03,200 Speaker 1: leaving a letter requesting that the demon face might be 212 00:12:03,280 --> 00:12:07,480 Speaker 1: destroyed before his burial quote lest it continues, it's dreadful 213 00:12:07,480 --> 00:12:10,560 Speaker 1: whisperings in my grave. At his own request, he was 214 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:13,560 Speaker 1: interred in a waste place, without stone or legend to 215 00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:16,520 Speaker 1: mark his grave. And we wanted to point out that 216 00:12:17,360 --> 00:12:20,760 Speaker 1: there are variations on spelling. So if you go look 217 00:12:20,800 --> 00:12:24,000 Speaker 1: at this, this is a transcription uh in. In this 218 00:12:24,040 --> 00:12:26,240 Speaker 1: particular one that we read, they leave the R out 219 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:28,520 Speaker 1: of more drake, so it's more dick. So you may 220 00:12:28,559 --> 00:12:30,599 Speaker 1: see it either way. If you go looking like it 221 00:12:30,679 --> 00:12:36,280 Speaker 1: show notes or whatnot. So, Uh, there are a number 222 00:12:36,320 --> 00:12:39,280 Speaker 1: of conditions that can cause someone's who appear to have 223 00:12:40,080 --> 00:12:47,679 Speaker 1: a second face or like remnants of facial structures. Um, 224 00:12:47,720 --> 00:12:50,960 Speaker 1: but what these two doctors, they were really doctors, the 225 00:12:50,960 --> 00:12:54,000 Speaker 1: guys he writes this book. Uh, what they are reporting 226 00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:58,599 Speaker 1: is something that this guy supposedly said to two different physicians, 227 00:12:59,679 --> 00:13:04,079 Speaker 1: and it all sounds the tone is more like rumor 228 00:13:04,280 --> 00:13:09,440 Speaker 1: than actual medical evidence. The whole thing goes into like 229 00:13:09,480 --> 00:13:15,760 Speaker 1: the probably apocryphal category. There's just not there's no real documentation. 230 00:13:15,880 --> 00:13:19,200 Speaker 1: And it's very convenient that he says he was buried 231 00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:21,520 Speaker 1: with no stone or no marker, Like we have no 232 00:13:21,559 --> 00:13:24,360 Speaker 1: way to prove that this person ever actually existed because 233 00:13:24,400 --> 00:13:29,000 Speaker 1: all we have to go on is this third party account. Yeah, 234 00:13:29,160 --> 00:13:31,520 Speaker 1: it's it's such a compelling story and I know people 235 00:13:31,559 --> 00:13:33,320 Speaker 1: love it, but it also when you kind of break 236 00:13:33,360 --> 00:13:35,360 Speaker 1: it down, it reads like a checklist of all of 237 00:13:35,400 --> 00:13:40,560 Speaker 1: the the vital elements of any sort of juicy, Like 238 00:13:40,640 --> 00:13:44,320 Speaker 1: it's you can't substantiate it, and the details are baked 239 00:13:44,320 --> 00:13:46,960 Speaker 1: into the story that you can't substantiate it, Like no, 240 00:13:47,200 --> 00:13:49,000 Speaker 1: and he will never be found because he didn't want 241 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:51,160 Speaker 1: to be found. It was grave is unmarked, and no, 242 00:13:51,360 --> 00:13:54,280 Speaker 1: his doctors told us, but we don't really know those doctors, 243 00:13:54,440 --> 00:13:58,360 Speaker 1: and so it's all, yeah, it's not going to happen. 244 00:13:58,440 --> 00:14:02,000 Speaker 1: Our next story is similarly a story that people really 245 00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:04,240 Speaker 1: really love a whole lot. But we've gotten a lot 246 00:14:04,280 --> 00:14:07,800 Speaker 1: of requests for a lot of them come in around Halloween, 247 00:14:07,880 --> 00:14:10,040 Speaker 1: but they come in through the rest of the year also, 248 00:14:10,160 --> 00:14:13,080 Speaker 1: And these are for Robert the Haunted Doll, who is 249 00:14:13,120 --> 00:14:18,000 Speaker 1: sometimes also called Robert the Enchanted Doll, and in the 250 00:14:18,040 --> 00:14:21,480 Speaker 1: words of the Key West Art and Historical Society quote, 251 00:14:21,920 --> 00:14:24,720 Speaker 1: Robert is a one of a kind, handmade doll created 252 00:14:24,760 --> 00:14:28,000 Speaker 1: around the turn of the twentieth century, standing forty inches 253 00:14:28,080 --> 00:14:31,240 Speaker 1: tall and stuffed with woodwool known as Excelsior. He is 254 00:14:31,320 --> 00:14:34,720 Speaker 1: dressed in a sailor suit at once for painted features 255 00:14:35,120 --> 00:14:39,840 Speaker 1: not unlike those of a jester. So, just to be 256 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:43,440 Speaker 1: pretty upfront, this thing looks creepy. Um. The paint is 257 00:14:43,480 --> 00:14:46,680 Speaker 1: worn off of its face, so it has creepy flat 258 00:14:46,720 --> 00:14:49,240 Speaker 1: black eyes, and the nose and mouth are sort of 259 00:14:49,280 --> 00:14:52,080 Speaker 1: hard to define from the rest of the face. It's 260 00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:55,120 Speaker 1: got this wooden head that's also got some pitting in it, 261 00:14:55,440 --> 00:14:57,760 Speaker 1: so the whole thing is a little bit unsettling and 262 00:14:57,840 --> 00:15:01,240 Speaker 1: unnerving to behold. Yeah, I think a lot of people 263 00:15:01,280 --> 00:15:05,800 Speaker 1: find old dolls creepy. This is a very old doll, 264 00:15:06,280 --> 00:15:08,160 Speaker 1: and then it has this creepy story to go along 265 00:15:08,200 --> 00:15:11,360 Speaker 1: with it. Robert was a gift given to a little 266 00:15:11,400 --> 00:15:14,920 Speaker 1: boy named Robert Eugene Otto, who later became known as 267 00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:17,800 Speaker 1: Gene rather than Robert, and it was given to him 268 00:15:17,800 --> 00:15:20,640 Speaker 1: when he was four years old. This was in nineteen 269 00:15:20,680 --> 00:15:23,960 Speaker 1: o four, and it's a little There are different accounts 270 00:15:23,960 --> 00:15:27,240 Speaker 1: of exactly who gave it to him. The original origin 271 00:15:27,280 --> 00:15:29,320 Speaker 1: and all the stories as the Bahamas, but it's not 272 00:15:29,480 --> 00:15:32,680 Speaker 1: quite clear whether it was the maid who was from 273 00:15:32,680 --> 00:15:35,120 Speaker 1: the Bahamas or if it was the maid's daughter, because 274 00:15:35,160 --> 00:15:38,440 Speaker 1: some people report that it was a little girl. Either way, 275 00:15:38,480 --> 00:15:41,840 Speaker 1: the doll is about the same size as Jean himself 276 00:15:42,160 --> 00:15:45,880 Speaker 1: was at the time, and Jeane named the doll Robert 277 00:15:46,040 --> 00:15:50,240 Speaker 1: after himself. Jean also gave Robert his own room in 278 00:15:50,280 --> 00:15:53,400 Speaker 1: the attic with his own toys, and he eventually started 279 00:15:53,440 --> 00:15:57,440 Speaker 1: blaming this doll for his own misbehavior. Eventually, Robert took 280 00:15:57,480 --> 00:16:00,560 Speaker 1: the blame for anything unwelcome that happened to Jeane, and 281 00:16:00,640 --> 00:16:04,360 Speaker 1: along the way. Other people who were not Jeane started 282 00:16:04,400 --> 00:16:07,760 Speaker 1: reporting weird things about the doll. People looking through the 283 00:16:07,840 --> 00:16:10,720 Speaker 1: window from the street said that they would see it 284 00:16:10,840 --> 00:16:13,760 Speaker 1: move from one side of the attic turret to another. 285 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:17,000 Speaker 1: People inside the house said that they could hear it 286 00:16:17,040 --> 00:16:21,120 Speaker 1: walking around and giggling above them while they were downstairs, 287 00:16:21,240 --> 00:16:23,880 Speaker 1: and some people even said that they saw the doll 288 00:16:24,040 --> 00:16:27,160 Speaker 1: the dolls expression change as though it was listening to 289 00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:31,480 Speaker 1: their conversations. Jean eventually became an artist, you know. He 290 00:16:31,520 --> 00:16:34,320 Speaker 1: grew up, and he married, and his wife is reported 291 00:16:34,360 --> 00:16:36,600 Speaker 1: to have hated the doll and demanded that it be 292 00:16:36,680 --> 00:16:40,080 Speaker 1: locked in a chest. Eventually, after both Jean and his 293 00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:43,320 Speaker 1: wife died, their home was made into the Artist House Hotel. 294 00:16:44,200 --> 00:16:47,640 Speaker 1: Myrtle Reuter, who bought the home in nineteen seventy four, 295 00:16:48,040 --> 00:16:51,600 Speaker 1: donated the doll to the East Martello Museum twenty years later, 296 00:16:52,120 --> 00:16:54,240 Speaker 1: and the doll was on display at the museum, which 297 00:16:54,280 --> 00:16:56,760 Speaker 1: is an old fort, and the doll also has its 298 00:16:56,800 --> 00:17:00,760 Speaker 1: bear with him. Museum staff reported that dirty cameras and 299 00:17:00,800 --> 00:17:05,359 Speaker 1: other electronics often failed around the doll. Museum patrons have 300 00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:08,600 Speaker 1: written him letters of apology after taking his photograph without 301 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:11,800 Speaker 1: having permission, and then they would experience bad luck later. 302 00:17:12,440 --> 00:17:15,320 Speaker 1: All of this sounds pretty underwhelming, considering that a lot 303 00:17:15,359 --> 00:17:18,560 Speaker 1: of the blog posts that you find about Robert uh 304 00:17:18,720 --> 00:17:21,560 Speaker 1: describe the doll as evil or possessed or the most 305 00:17:21,600 --> 00:17:25,359 Speaker 1: haunted doll in history. Those kinds of posts aren't generally 306 00:17:25,400 --> 00:17:27,520 Speaker 1: those sorts of things we can use as sources for 307 00:17:27,560 --> 00:17:30,360 Speaker 1: the podcast. And what we do know about the doll 308 00:17:30,440 --> 00:17:32,480 Speaker 1: for sure is that it's a doll, and it creeps 309 00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:35,560 Speaker 1: people out. And I will admit that, I though I'm 310 00:17:35,600 --> 00:17:38,800 Speaker 1: still a little nervous talking about Robert without his permission, 311 00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:42,560 Speaker 1: Really I hope nothing bad befalls us. That sort of 312 00:17:42,600 --> 00:17:45,159 Speaker 1: makes me chuckle, because usually I'm the more superstitious of 313 00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:46,760 Speaker 1: the two of us, and I don't have it for 314 00:17:46,840 --> 00:17:53,040 Speaker 1: this one. Well, ghost stories scare me, even though I 315 00:17:53,080 --> 00:17:57,960 Speaker 1: would follow myself generally skeptical about such things. Interesting, we've 316 00:17:58,000 --> 00:18:01,120 Speaker 1: all learned a little about Tracy today before we get 317 00:18:01,160 --> 00:18:06,439 Speaker 1: to the next two stories that are particularly wacky. Do 318 00:18:06,480 --> 00:18:10,080 Speaker 1: you want to take another word from a sponsor to 319 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:13,960 Speaker 1: get back to our last two impossible episodes? These are 320 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:17,520 Speaker 1: also hard to substantiate, but they're not nearly as paranormal 321 00:18:17,680 --> 00:18:20,200 Speaker 1: in their origin as the two that we had before 322 00:18:20,240 --> 00:18:23,560 Speaker 1: the break. We're going to start first with the lost 323 00:18:23,720 --> 00:18:26,119 Speaker 1: Army of camp by Ses. And this actually was a 324 00:18:26,160 --> 00:18:28,840 Speaker 1: really welcome suggestion the first time that we got it, 325 00:18:28,880 --> 00:18:32,000 Speaker 1: because I had been looking for some interesting ancient history 326 00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:34,840 Speaker 1: to talk about. Uh, and so I got this, and 327 00:18:34,880 --> 00:18:36,439 Speaker 1: I was very excited. And then as soon as I 328 00:18:36,440 --> 00:18:38,040 Speaker 1: looked into it, I went, that's not going to work. 329 00:18:38,760 --> 00:18:42,600 Speaker 1: Greek historian Herodotus wrote about camp by Ses to sending 330 00:18:42,640 --> 00:18:45,480 Speaker 1: an army of fifty thousand soldiers on a mission to 331 00:18:45,600 --> 00:18:48,160 Speaker 1: destroy the Oracle of Ammon. And this is the same 332 00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:51,800 Speaker 1: oracle that Alexander the Great later visited. He did that 333 00:18:51,840 --> 00:18:56,280 Speaker 1: in the year three thirty two BC. After this visit, 334 00:18:57,040 --> 00:19:00,360 Speaker 1: Alexander the Great reportedly started to think of himself as 335 00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:06,440 Speaker 1: the Sun of Ammon. And this particular event purportedly happened 336 00:19:06,680 --> 00:19:10,560 Speaker 1: almost two hundred years prior to Alexander's visit. The oracle 337 00:19:10,640 --> 00:19:14,199 Speaker 1: had refused to recognize Cambyses as sovereign over Egypt, so 338 00:19:14,280 --> 00:19:18,200 Speaker 1: Cambyses sent an army out from Thieves to the oasis 339 00:19:18,200 --> 00:19:20,879 Speaker 1: of Siwah, where the Temple of Ammon was located, to 340 00:19:21,040 --> 00:19:25,879 Speaker 1: destroy the oracle. But the army never arrived. So here's 341 00:19:25,880 --> 00:19:29,000 Speaker 1: what Herodotus had to say about that. As for those 342 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:31,960 Speaker 1: who were sent to march against the Ammonians, as they 343 00:19:32,040 --> 00:19:35,119 Speaker 1: set out and journeyed from thieves with guides, and it 344 00:19:35,240 --> 00:19:37,480 Speaker 1: is known that they came to the city of Oasis, 345 00:19:37,560 --> 00:19:41,040 Speaker 1: inhabited by the Samians, said to be of the Ascreonian tribe, 346 00:19:41,320 --> 00:19:45,359 Speaker 1: seven days march from Thebes across sandy desert. This place 347 00:19:45,440 --> 00:19:48,760 Speaker 1: is called in the Greek language Islands of the Blessed. 348 00:19:49,280 --> 00:19:52,160 Speaker 1: Thus far it is said the army came after that. 349 00:19:52,359 --> 00:19:55,200 Speaker 1: Except for the Ammonians themselves and those who heard from them, 350 00:19:55,320 --> 00:19:58,160 Speaker 1: no man can say anything of them, for they neither 351 00:19:58,359 --> 00:20:01,639 Speaker 1: reached the Ammonians nor were turned back. But this is 352 00:20:01,680 --> 00:20:05,520 Speaker 1: what the Ammonians themselves say that when Persians were crossing 353 00:20:05,520 --> 00:20:09,000 Speaker 1: the sand from Oasis, probably the oasis of Carga, to 354 00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:12,680 Speaker 1: attack them, and we're about midway between their country and oasis. 355 00:20:13,280 --> 00:20:16,680 Speaker 1: While they were breakfasting, a great and violent south wind arose, 356 00:20:16,720 --> 00:20:19,440 Speaker 1: which buried them in the masses of sand which it bore, 357 00:20:19,560 --> 00:20:23,439 Speaker 1: and so they disappeared from sight. Such is the Ammonian 358 00:20:23,520 --> 00:20:27,760 Speaker 1: tail of this army. And that's most of all we 359 00:20:27,840 --> 00:20:32,080 Speaker 1: know about it a sandstorm buried in army, maybe, but 360 00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:35,800 Speaker 1: a lot of historians think the whole thing is completely apocryphal. 361 00:20:37,119 --> 00:20:40,400 Speaker 1: Every once in a while, researchers will find in scare 362 00:20:40,480 --> 00:20:43,520 Speaker 1: quotes the army. Usually what they have found is some 363 00:20:43,680 --> 00:20:47,560 Speaker 1: shards of pottery and some bones. Some of these finds 364 00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:52,120 Speaker 1: are outright hoaxes, and others have been a little more substantive, 365 00:20:52,280 --> 00:20:55,360 Speaker 1: like there really is pottery and there really are bones, 366 00:20:56,160 --> 00:21:00,080 Speaker 1: but often they're The research itself is still questionable in 367 00:21:00,080 --> 00:21:03,640 Speaker 1: some way, like people have gone and done they're searching 368 00:21:03,680 --> 00:21:07,119 Speaker 1: without actually getting permission to be in Egypt in the 369 00:21:07,160 --> 00:21:10,640 Speaker 1: first place, and then they've presented findings as a documentary 370 00:21:10,640 --> 00:21:14,440 Speaker 1: film rather than through the typical channels that you announce 371 00:21:14,560 --> 00:21:17,879 Speaker 1: academic findings, like through a journal that is subject to 372 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:23,119 Speaker 1: peer review. Lastly on our list of six impossible episodes 373 00:21:23,640 --> 00:21:29,080 Speaker 1: is Julie Darbignen. We get a lot of request for her. 374 00:21:29,800 --> 00:21:34,359 Speaker 1: She's portrayed as a swashbuckling, cross dressing bisexual opera singer 375 00:21:34,640 --> 00:21:39,880 Speaker 1: with romantic adventures to rival Casanova's, which is pretty exciting. 376 00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:43,359 Speaker 1: Lots of the most lots of the more recent requests 377 00:21:43,400 --> 00:21:45,679 Speaker 1: are also accompanied with a link to the post that 378 00:21:45,760 --> 00:21:50,560 Speaker 1: was written about her at the Rejected Princess's blog. Here's 379 00:21:50,600 --> 00:21:55,000 Speaker 1: a snippet of her entry in Curiosities of Biography or 380 00:21:55,320 --> 00:21:59,080 Speaker 1: Memoirs of Wonderful and Extraordinary Characters, which came out in 381 00:21:59,080 --> 00:22:03,639 Speaker 1: eighteen forty five. This female, who acquired extraordinary celebrity as 382 00:22:03,680 --> 00:22:06,240 Speaker 1: a singer in France in the seventeenth century, was one 383 00:22:06,320 --> 00:22:09,959 Speaker 1: of the numerous instances in which a stage heroin, fortified 384 00:22:10,040 --> 00:22:13,159 Speaker 1: by public favor and presuming on the magic of a 385 00:22:13,200 --> 00:22:17,320 Speaker 1: melodious voice, defied the laws and institutions of a country 386 00:22:17,359 --> 00:22:21,080 Speaker 1: by which she was supported, and committed with impunity, crimes 387 00:22:21,119 --> 00:22:26,639 Speaker 1: which would have doomed a common unaccomplished desperado an ignominious death. 388 00:22:27,359 --> 00:22:31,560 Speaker 1: This romantic and indecorous adventurer, who dressed, fought and made love, 389 00:22:31,600 --> 00:22:34,080 Speaker 1: and conquered like a man, having been married at an 390 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:38,880 Speaker 1: early age. Fortunately for her husband, Monsieur Manpaq, quitted him 391 00:22:38,920 --> 00:22:42,159 Speaker 1: a few months after their nuptials for the superior attractions 392 00:22:42,240 --> 00:22:45,840 Speaker 1: of a fencing master, a weapon which she afterwards handled 393 00:22:45,880 --> 00:22:51,480 Speaker 1: with destructive dexterity against many antagonists. While today's accounts of 394 00:22:51,520 --> 00:22:54,960 Speaker 1: her tend to talk about her escapades pretty gleefully. Earlier 395 00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:59,959 Speaker 1: retellings are unsurprisingly a bit less glowing. In this particular, 396 00:23:00,000 --> 00:23:02,240 Speaker 1: her account goes on to describe her wooing a young 397 00:23:02,320 --> 00:23:05,240 Speaker 1: lady and then when that young lady had second thoughts, 398 00:23:05,359 --> 00:23:08,800 Speaker 1: burning down her house which is where Lampin was staying, 399 00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:13,159 Speaker 1: abducting her, and then holding her captive until they were discovered. 400 00:23:13,880 --> 00:23:16,600 Speaker 1: The trouble with an episode on Lama Pan is that 401 00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:20,240 Speaker 1: even the accounts of her from that time that she lived, 402 00:23:20,280 --> 00:23:23,680 Speaker 1: which was roughly sixteen seventy to seventeen o seven, really 403 00:23:23,720 --> 00:23:26,920 Speaker 1: read a lot more like rumor than a factual account. 404 00:23:27,320 --> 00:23:30,159 Speaker 1: And while there are a couple of thorough looking blog 405 00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:33,680 Speaker 1: posts about her, some of them are quite lengthy. Mostly 406 00:23:33,760 --> 00:23:37,800 Speaker 1: they are sourced in kind of bits and pieces from introductions, 407 00:23:37,880 --> 00:23:41,840 Speaker 1: footnotes and asides and other works. There's at least one 408 00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:45,679 Speaker 1: novel about her. But we can't use fiction as a 409 00:23:45,720 --> 00:23:49,520 Speaker 1: source for our history podcast because history and fiction are 410 00:23:49,520 --> 00:23:52,040 Speaker 1: two different things sort of. I mean, you could make 411 00:23:52,080 --> 00:23:55,120 Speaker 1: an argument that all history is in some way fictitious, 412 00:23:55,119 --> 00:23:59,000 Speaker 1: but a novel is not a source that we could 413 00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:03,600 Speaker 1: use about someone's life. Yeah, since novels really generally make 414 00:24:03,720 --> 00:24:08,280 Speaker 1: no assertion of historical accuracy, like they're not held to 415 00:24:08,359 --> 00:24:11,960 Speaker 1: that same standard. It's just not a viable source to use. 416 00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:14,879 Speaker 1: You can mention it. We've mentioned it in other episodes 417 00:24:14,920 --> 00:24:17,120 Speaker 1: where we go there's just novel about it, and there's 418 00:24:17,119 --> 00:24:18,760 Speaker 1: just interesting info that may or may not be true, 419 00:24:18,800 --> 00:24:21,399 Speaker 1: But we can't really use it as a primary source. No, 420 00:24:21,640 --> 00:24:25,200 Speaker 1: unless we're unless our episode is about the person who 421 00:24:25,200 --> 00:24:28,840 Speaker 1: wrote the novel, then it's totally is relevant and absolutely 422 00:24:28,840 --> 00:24:32,520 Speaker 1: no shade to rejected Princesses in that assessment, Like rejected 423 00:24:32,560 --> 00:24:36,680 Speaker 1: Princesses is awesome. I love that blog, but for our purposes, 424 00:24:36,720 --> 00:24:41,200 Speaker 1: we need a little bit you were layers of according 425 00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:44,080 Speaker 1: to so and so between us and the subject before 426 00:24:44,119 --> 00:24:48,240 Speaker 1: we can really talk about it really well. Um, we 427 00:24:48,320 --> 00:24:50,959 Speaker 1: get so many episodes, are so many requests about her. 428 00:24:50,960 --> 00:24:52,920 Speaker 1: They're just like, I love her, she sounds awesome, doesn't 429 00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:55,119 Speaker 1: sound awesome? You should do an episode on her. Sounds awesome? 430 00:24:55,119 --> 00:24:57,680 Speaker 1: And I'm like, she does sound awesome, sounds super awesome. 431 00:24:58,080 --> 00:25:02,520 Speaker 1: She sounds super awesome. Uh, but I I you know, 432 00:25:02,640 --> 00:25:05,280 Speaker 1: I can't really build a podcast episode on a blog 433 00:25:05,320 --> 00:25:08,959 Speaker 1: post that is sourcing footnotes of other books that I 434 00:25:09,000 --> 00:25:13,199 Speaker 1: can't go and read for myself. For various reasons. So 435 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:16,480 Speaker 1: those are six things that we get requests for all 436 00:25:16,520 --> 00:25:20,359 Speaker 1: the time but are impossible to do. Hold up the 437 00:25:20,359 --> 00:25:23,119 Speaker 1: whole episodes on at least at this point. Yes, So 438 00:25:23,160 --> 00:25:25,520 Speaker 1: hopefully this gave you a little bit of satisfaction those 439 00:25:25,520 --> 00:25:28,120 Speaker 1: of you that are yearning for those episodes, I hope. 440 00:25:28,119 --> 00:25:31,600 Speaker 1: So I also have some listener mails to send. This 441 00:25:31,760 --> 00:25:34,600 Speaker 1: message is from Ethan. Ethan says, I thought you might 442 00:25:34,680 --> 00:25:37,520 Speaker 1: be interested in the following bit of info about the 443 00:25:37,680 --> 00:25:43,560 Speaker 1: Iroquois Theater fire. Architect Louis Gonzil investigated the Iroquois Theater 444 00:25:43,680 --> 00:25:46,800 Speaker 1: fire and was granted full access to the site beginning 445 00:25:46,800 --> 00:25:50,200 Speaker 1: the morning after the tragedy. Since he found it quote 446 00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:54,240 Speaker 1: impossible to obtain plans or specifications of the structure, he 447 00:25:54,359 --> 00:25:59,080 Speaker 1: measured the building, reconstructed the plans, and photographed various sections 448 00:25:59,119 --> 00:26:02,640 Speaker 1: of the theater. This took weeks and his inspection was exhaustive. 449 00:26:03,119 --> 00:26:07,160 Speaker 1: His findings were dated January twentieth, nineteen o four. Mr 450 00:26:07,200 --> 00:26:11,560 Speaker 1: Gonzelle attended the court proceedings following the disaster and quote 451 00:26:11,680 --> 00:26:15,040 Speaker 1: was greatly surprised to see that, notwithstanding the many faults 452 00:26:15,040 --> 00:26:17,720 Speaker 1: and defects in the planning of the theater and the 453 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:22,199 Speaker 1: unparalleled negligence displayed in its supervision and operation. All of 454 00:26:22,200 --> 00:26:25,480 Speaker 1: the suits ended in verdicts not guilty. His paper was 455 00:26:25,560 --> 00:26:28,359 Speaker 1: never meant for publication, but after years of discussions with 456 00:26:28,400 --> 00:26:33,000 Speaker 1: eyewitnesses and conversations at memorial meetings, he concluded that quote 457 00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:35,760 Speaker 1: actual conditions prevalent in the theater at the time of 458 00:26:35,760 --> 00:26:38,800 Speaker 1: the fire have been maliciously withheld from the public by 459 00:26:38,840 --> 00:26:43,280 Speaker 1: clever and successful manipulation. He published his paper in ninety five, 460 00:26:43,440 --> 00:26:46,600 Speaker 1: and the Theater Historical Society of America republished it in 461 00:26:46,640 --> 00:26:51,080 Speaker 1: booklet form. In Anyone looking for details about how the 462 00:26:51,080 --> 00:26:53,560 Speaker 1: tragedy reached the proportions it did should look for this 463 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:58,159 Speaker 1: booklet or contact the Theater Historical Society. I think some 464 00:26:58,240 --> 00:27:02,080 Speaker 1: of my sources quoted from the booklet, but I did 465 00:27:02,080 --> 00:27:05,199 Speaker 1: not personally read the booklet myself, So I'm glad to 466 00:27:05,280 --> 00:27:06,639 Speaker 1: know that that's a thing you can still get your 467 00:27:06,640 --> 00:27:11,760 Speaker 1: hands on looking for more information about that. So thank you, Ethan. 468 00:27:12,160 --> 00:27:13,840 Speaker 1: If you would like to write to us about this 469 00:27:13,960 --> 00:27:16,600 Speaker 1: or any other episode, you can't. We're at History Podcast 470 00:27:16,640 --> 00:27:19,000 Speaker 1: that How Stuffworks dot com. We're also on Facebook at 471 00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:21,480 Speaker 1: Facebook dot com, slash miss in History and on Twitter 472 00:27:21,520 --> 00:27:24,199 Speaker 1: at miss in History, are tumbler is missin History dot 473 00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:26,520 Speaker 1: tumbler dot com, and are also on panterrist at priest 474 00:27:26,560 --> 00:27:29,320 Speaker 1: dot com slash missed in History. We have a spread 475 00:27:29,320 --> 00:27:32,480 Speaker 1: short store where you can get shirts and phone cases 476 00:27:32,520 --> 00:27:34,600 Speaker 1: and other cool stuff. It isn't missed in History dot 477 00:27:34,640 --> 00:27:37,760 Speaker 1: spreadshirt dot com. If you would like to learn a 478 00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:40,480 Speaker 1: little bit more about something that came up in today's episode, 479 00:27:40,480 --> 00:27:43,320 Speaker 1: you can come to our parent companies website that is 480 00:27:43,320 --> 00:27:45,720 Speaker 1: how Stuffworks dot com. Put the word beer into the 481 00:27:45,720 --> 00:27:47,879 Speaker 1: search bar you will find the article how Beer Works. 482 00:27:48,400 --> 00:27:50,240 Speaker 1: You can also come to our website where we have 483 00:27:50,240 --> 00:27:52,960 Speaker 1: an art five of every episode we've ever done, show 484 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:55,159 Speaker 1: notes for all the ones from the last couple of years, 485 00:27:55,480 --> 00:27:57,399 Speaker 1: lots of other cool stuff that is at mist in 486 00:27:57,480 --> 00:27:59,600 Speaker 1: history dot com. So you can do all that and 487 00:27:59,680 --> 00:28:01,680 Speaker 1: a whole lot more at how stuff works dot com 488 00:28:01,880 --> 00:28:08,920 Speaker 1: or miss industry dot com for more onness and thousands 489 00:28:08,920 --> 00:28:14,240 Speaker 1: of other topics because it how stuff works dot com. 490 00:28:12,000 --> 00:28:14,680 Speaker 1: M M M