WEBVTT - Doggerland: Lost at Sea 0:00:01.480 --> 0:00:04.960 Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio. 0:00:11.119 --> 0:00:13.399 Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, and there's 0:00:13.520 --> 0:00:15.680 Chuck and Jerry's here too. And this is a good 0:00:15.680 --> 0:00:19.239 old fashioned episode of Stuff you Should Know. It's got 0:00:19.360 --> 0:00:27.160 history as geology has lost lands, it has abbreviations like KYA, 0:00:27.760 --> 0:00:29.280 all sorts of great stuff in it. 0:00:30.480 --> 0:00:34.360 Oh boy, my friend. If I know Josh Clark loves 0:00:34.360 --> 0:00:38.519 something it is submerged or lost. 0:00:38.360 --> 0:00:39.440 Lands, it really is. 0:00:39.800 --> 0:00:40.360 I love it. 0:00:40.920 --> 0:00:45.400 I know this kind of thing really really float your boat. 0:00:46.040 --> 0:00:52.040 It does. It floats my submerged land. We're talking about 0:00:52.040 --> 0:00:54.120 Dogger Land, by the way, everybody. 0:00:54.200 --> 0:00:56.480 That's right, we should probably just say kind of what 0:00:56.520 --> 0:00:58.800 it is first, right before we get into the details. 0:00:58.920 --> 0:01:00.840 Yeah, and we've talked about it here there. I could not, 0:01:00.960 --> 0:01:03.000 for the life of me remember what episode, but it's 0:01:03.040 --> 0:01:04.800 come up once or twice, but I think it bears 0:01:04.840 --> 0:01:05.720 repeating for sure. 0:01:06.280 --> 0:01:09.400 Yeah, it's a you know, a lost land, a submerged 0:01:09.520 --> 0:01:12.679 land mass off the coast of Europe. It's in the 0:01:12.720 --> 0:01:15.720 North Sea, probably anywhere from fifty to sixty to one 0:01:15.800 --> 0:01:20.520 hundred feet down and it used to be a you know, 0:01:20.520 --> 0:01:22.800 it used to be land. It used to connect they 0:01:23.240 --> 0:01:26.600 pretty much firmly believe now connect the UK and Europe. 0:01:27.680 --> 0:01:29.960 And not only that, but was a land where that 0:01:30.319 --> 0:01:33.680 kind of flourished depending on when you're talking about with 0:01:33.760 --> 0:01:36.600 plants and animals and even people. 0:01:37.280 --> 0:01:40.839 Yeah, they think that it's possible. So this was really 0:01:40.880 --> 0:01:46.319 populated during the Mesolithic area or era and the area. 0:01:46.400 --> 0:01:50.240 They think that this area during the Mesolithic era was 0:01:50.280 --> 0:01:53.240 one of the most densely populated places in all of Europe. 0:01:53.680 --> 0:01:54.120 That's right. 0:01:54.240 --> 0:01:56.360 And by the way, did you ever see Taylor Swift 0:01:56.360 --> 0:01:57.400 on her area's tour. 0:01:58.520 --> 0:02:03.240 I didn't, but I can feel a Taylor Swift area 0:02:03.320 --> 0:02:03.720 coming on. 0:02:04.080 --> 0:02:08.480 Eventually she through the concert. She sort of walked the 0:02:08.520 --> 0:02:10.600 audience through all of her different areas. 0:02:11.639 --> 0:02:14.959 This is my knee, the left one, knees and toes, 0:02:15.000 --> 0:02:15.680 knees and toes. 0:02:16.480 --> 0:02:19.480 So yeah, I mean it sounds kind of like, wait, 0:02:19.520 --> 0:02:22.079 that's it. There's like a land mass that once connected 0:02:22.160 --> 0:02:23.520 the UK and Europe. 0:02:23.960 --> 0:02:24.480 That's enough. 0:02:24.800 --> 0:02:28.520 Like you can see somebody making an absurd or obscene 0:02:28.520 --> 0:02:31.760 hand motion talk thinking about that, right, but. 0:02:31.800 --> 0:02:33.640 No, listen exactly what you're saying. 0:02:34.320 --> 0:02:39.760 Stick with us, because this is it's fantastically interesting. Even 0:02:39.800 --> 0:02:42.359 though we know very very little about it. The stuff 0:02:42.400 --> 0:02:45.320 we do know is so tantalizing that it's like the 0:02:45.600 --> 0:02:48.840 archaeologists who are studying this are just they want to 0:02:48.880 --> 0:02:52.280 just say, like, so bad, there's so much stuff down there, 0:02:52.320 --> 0:02:55.640 we just know it. But they're they're being deliberate and methodical, 0:02:55.680 --> 0:02:58.079 so they're not letting themselves say that. But we can 0:02:58.120 --> 0:02:58.919 say it for them. 0:02:59.320 --> 0:03:01.640 Yeah, and it's called Doggerland and that's just cool. It 0:03:01.639 --> 0:03:03.120 sounds like a movie title or something. 0:03:03.120 --> 0:03:08.480 You know, it does starring Lily Tomlin, you know, the 0:03:08.560 --> 0:03:11.760 younger one Alan, No. 0:03:11.960 --> 0:03:16.239 Not that young von stup. No, why is her name 0:03:16.320 --> 0:03:17.560 con Taylor? 0:03:17.880 --> 0:03:18.160 Yes? 0:03:19.120 --> 0:03:20.680 Oh really, she was. 0:03:20.600 --> 0:03:23.600 In a movie called maybe dog Face or something like 0:03:23.639 --> 0:03:23.960 that or. 0:03:24.000 --> 0:03:27.959 Dog Oh yeah, dog Dogfight. 0:03:28.600 --> 0:03:32.320 No, it doesn't matter. We should probably edit this out. 0:03:32.400 --> 0:03:34.239 If we were a different podcast, we would edit this. 0:03:34.360 --> 0:03:34.560 Yeah. 0:03:34.639 --> 0:03:36.840 Man, I came up with like four or five lilies. 0:03:36.880 --> 0:03:39.680 You got to leave that in, Okay, true, true dah. 0:03:39.720 --> 0:03:42.000 But I don't even remember how I got on the 0:03:42.040 --> 0:03:42.600 Lily thing. 0:03:43.120 --> 0:03:45.120 Well, I said it would be a good movie, and 0:03:45.200 --> 0:03:47.520 you reckon that Lily Taylor would be a good Oh 0:03:47.640 --> 0:03:48.720 star yet that movie? 0:03:48.840 --> 0:03:50.760 Because you were talking about it's a cool name and 0:03:50.840 --> 0:03:53.760 The name comes after the Dogger Bank, which is a 0:03:53.800 --> 0:03:57.360 shallow fishing area, very productive fishing area in the North Sea. 0:03:57.880 --> 0:04:00.640 And the Dogger Bank is named after a type of 0:04:00.760 --> 0:04:04.440 Dutch cod fishing boats that were used for hundreds of 0:04:04.520 --> 0:04:07.480 years in the area. So there you go, Doggerland. 0:04:07.880 --> 0:04:09.640 That's right. I hope we got all that right. 0:04:09.720 --> 0:04:12.000 But it's a pretty shallow sea as far as seas go, 0:04:12.480 --> 0:04:15.600 about two hundred and twenty thousand square miles, and it 0:04:15.720 --> 0:04:18.560 sits in between the UK and Europe, of course, and 0:04:18.680 --> 0:04:20.640 because if there was a land bridge that connected those two, 0:04:20.640 --> 0:04:24.440 that's where the North Sea would be. It has long 0:04:24.480 --> 0:04:28.839 been a very crucial shipping route and trade route. And 0:04:28.920 --> 0:04:32.080 as for this story, you know, it's pretty key that 0:04:32.200 --> 0:04:36.039 in the nineteen fifties and then sixties gas and oil 0:04:36.200 --> 0:04:40.360 reservoirs were found there and companies started licking their chops. 0:04:40.760 --> 0:04:43.320 And they will come into play later, oil companies and 0:04:43.360 --> 0:04:47.480 gas companies being as being actually in you know, finally 0:04:47.839 --> 0:04:51.599 kind of key to helping out science, you know, and 0:04:51.640 --> 0:04:53.080 scientists and their explorations. 0:04:53.480 --> 0:04:56.920 So yeah, that will come in later. It's also there's 0:04:56.960 --> 0:04:59.120 a lot of shipping that goes on apparently that's a 0:04:59.240 --> 0:05:02.880 very ancient thing. People have been shipping things over the 0:05:02.920 --> 0:05:06.280 North Sea for a very long time, and then now 0:05:06.279 --> 0:05:09.080 it's become a really attractive site for renewable energy, as 0:05:09.120 --> 0:05:12.680 we'll see. So the North Sea is very important and 0:05:12.720 --> 0:05:15.080 it's been used for a very long time, but its 0:05:15.160 --> 0:05:18.880 depths were just unknown, like people hadn't explored it. They 0:05:18.880 --> 0:05:20.359 didn't have the means to really. 0:05:20.839 --> 0:05:23.159 Yeah, even though it's fairly shallow, it's still deep for 0:05:23.200 --> 0:05:23.719 back then. 0:05:23.680 --> 0:05:25.400 Yeah, one hundred feet what are you going to do? 0:05:25.520 --> 0:05:28.320 Hold your breath exactly. I mean the moment you get 0:05:28.360 --> 0:05:29.840 down on the bottom of you if you come right 0:05:29.880 --> 0:05:33.679 back up, it's terrible for exploration holding your breath this. Yeah, 0:05:33.800 --> 0:05:37.480 but there were some tantalizing clues that came up over 0:05:37.520 --> 0:05:42.360 the years that did strongly suggest that there was something 0:05:42.880 --> 0:05:47.680 down there that had once been above the sea's surface. 0:05:48.200 --> 0:05:52.279 That's right. The first thing that happened late nineteenth century. 0:05:52.960 --> 0:05:55.880 They started, you know, better fishing technology came along and 0:05:55.880 --> 0:05:57.960 you could fish a little bit deeper. So they started 0:05:57.960 --> 0:06:00.479 fishing a little bit deeper, which is great because you 0:06:00.480 --> 0:06:02.480 can get you know, a lot more fish down there. 0:06:02.880 --> 0:06:05.320 But it was kind of a pain because they started 0:06:05.360 --> 0:06:08.920 dragging up what they called moor log, which is, you know, pete, 0:06:08.920 --> 0:06:12.440 this kind of nasty clump together pete. And in that 0:06:12.480 --> 0:06:16.520 pete sometimes they would find animal bones, not fishbones, but 0:06:16.640 --> 0:06:19.760 like mammal bones, and I guess it was a nineteenth 0:06:19.800 --> 0:06:24.120 century so it just sort of hassled their fishing progress. 0:06:24.120 --> 0:06:27.360 So they would just usually toss them overboard. Occasionally, if 0:06:27.400 --> 0:06:30.960 they had some like really well preserved you know, skull 0:06:31.080 --> 0:06:33.400 or deer femur or something like that, they might keep it. 0:06:34.200 --> 0:06:37.520 But that's when the first sort of whisperings of like 0:06:38.200 --> 0:06:41.400 something used to be down there started happening. 0:06:41.520 --> 0:06:47.120 Exactly and then in usual fashion, it's worth mentioning H. G. Wells. 0:06:47.640 --> 0:06:50.000 It was probably one of the best speculators in the 0:06:50.120 --> 0:06:51.440 history of speculative fiction. 0:06:51.839 --> 0:06:52.600 This is pretty cool. 0:06:52.720 --> 0:06:55.560 He heard about some of those fines and he wrote 0:06:55.560 --> 0:06:58.240 a story called the Story of the Stone Age, which 0:06:58.279 --> 0:07:01.120 is basically like, there's a continent under the North Sea 0:07:01.240 --> 0:07:02.760 between the UK and Europe. 0:07:03.080 --> 0:07:03.800 Don't forget right. 0:07:04.080 --> 0:07:07.200 This guy is the guy who in the late nineteenth 0:07:07.240 --> 0:07:12.280 century wrote stories about humans sending rockets up into space. Yeah, 0:07:12.440 --> 0:07:17.520 and placed the launches at Cape Canaverl. Like, that's how 0:07:17.560 --> 0:07:20.280 smart this guy was. As far as seeing in the 0:07:20.320 --> 0:07:21.640 future goes, I love it. 0:07:22.320 --> 0:07:25.120 Yeah. He's pretty great writer too. 0:07:25.680 --> 0:07:25.960 Yeah. 0:07:26.200 --> 0:07:29.640 Interesting, dude, man, we should do one on HG. Wells. 0:07:29.680 --> 0:07:33.120 He deserves his own show, I think. Okay, all right, 0:07:33.120 --> 0:07:36.960 all right, moving on, as we crawl through Noah's Woods. Now, 0:07:37.440 --> 0:07:41.920 before the nineteenth century and those bones and that morlog 0:07:41.960 --> 0:07:45.160 Pete started coming up, there were whispers then, I said, 0:07:45.160 --> 0:07:47.160 the first whispers came in the late nineteenth century. It's 0:07:47.200 --> 0:07:52.920 not exactly true because during low tide, way back when 0:07:53.360 --> 0:07:56.520 the water levels would drop, and some of these folks 0:07:56.600 --> 0:07:59.040 living in the UK at the time would see these 0:07:59.040 --> 0:08:02.440 tree stumps and this is like medieval times, and they 0:08:02.560 --> 0:08:05.480 called it Noah's Woods, with the idea that this was, 0:08:05.600 --> 0:08:08.760 you know, possibly the area where Noah from the Bible 0:08:08.800 --> 0:08:12.080 lived before God decided to flood the earth because he 0:08:12.200 --> 0:08:12.679 was grumpy. 0:08:12.760 --> 0:08:16.400 Yeah, And here was plane right in your face evidence 0:08:16.480 --> 0:08:20.080 of it. So that had stuck around since the medieval age, 0:08:20.120 --> 0:08:25.400 and apparently, according to UK or early British low this 0:08:25.440 --> 0:08:29.559 is where Robinson Caruso, who was the model for Robin Hood, 0:08:29.920 --> 0:08:34.760 emerged from the water and gave Arthur the sword and 0:08:34.800 --> 0:08:36.280 the stone. 0:08:36.520 --> 0:08:40.120 That's right, So Noah's Woods was. 0:08:40.200 --> 0:08:42.160 Just kind of like a local thing. I'm sure the 0:08:42.240 --> 0:08:45.560 churchy types really talked about it more than anybody else, 0:08:45.600 --> 0:08:48.319 but scientists hadn't paid much attention to it until a 0:08:48.440 --> 0:08:52.400 very forward thinking scientist and his wife, Clement and Eleanor Reid, 0:08:52.880 --> 0:08:56.520 came forward and they started looking into it, and they 0:08:56.600 --> 0:09:01.439 kind of were the first people to put together Noah's Woods, 0:09:01.800 --> 0:09:05.920 the fact that there are tree stumps, weirdly ancient ones 0:09:06.400 --> 0:09:10.280 in the sea. People are pulling up animal bones for 0:09:10.600 --> 0:09:13.120 terrestrial animals. 0:09:12.960 --> 0:09:15.360 Pulling up pretty obvious what's happening. 0:09:15.480 --> 0:09:18.199 Yeah, they're like, there is something submerge that used to 0:09:18.280 --> 0:09:20.920 be above the water, and we think it's a land 0:09:20.960 --> 0:09:23.559 bridge that connected the UK and Europe. 0:09:24.160 --> 0:09:28.120 Yeah, they and I noticed there were a couple of scientists, 0:09:28.160 --> 0:09:30.480 married couples that worked on this along the area. 0:09:30.480 --> 0:09:32.480 It's kind this is a golden age for that. 0:09:33.000 --> 0:09:33.559 Yeah. 0:09:33.600 --> 0:09:38.680 In nineteen thirteen they published Submerged Forests, which was the 0:09:38.800 --> 0:09:42.839 very first study on those woods, and yeah, that's when 0:09:42.840 --> 0:09:45.199 they really kind of put it out there and it 0:09:45.280 --> 0:09:47.520 was you know, it was the kind of thing where 0:09:48.679 --> 0:09:52.560 they didn't have any hard evidence other than these peat samples. 0:09:52.559 --> 0:09:56.920 But when they started finding like willow leaves and hazel 0:09:57.120 --> 0:10:00.920 and birch and fern. They were like, hey, not only 0:10:00.920 --> 0:10:03.160 do I think there was something down there, but it 0:10:03.240 --> 0:10:06.600 seems to have existed at least partially at a time. 0:10:06.640 --> 0:10:10.440 That was like maybe kind of nice. Yeah, they like, temperature. 0:10:09.960 --> 0:10:12.600 Wise, sounds pretty nice. Actually, I'd like to live in 0:10:12.640 --> 0:10:15.400 dogger Land, but it wasn't called Doggerland yet, as we'll see. 0:10:15.720 --> 0:10:16.319 Yeah, that's right. 0:10:16.720 --> 0:10:21.240 So the Reeds had this pretty great theory. Apparently. I 0:10:21.280 --> 0:10:25.680 read that they concluded that the only possible explanation for 0:10:25.720 --> 0:10:29.000 this was that sea level rise had flooded and sunk 0:10:29.000 --> 0:10:33.440 in this land. So they were really red on the money. 0:10:33.559 --> 0:10:36.520 But this is a very obscure theory. People weren't paying 0:10:36.600 --> 0:10:39.640 much attention to it, even in academic circles. It was 0:10:39.679 --> 0:10:43.520 pretty obscure. But then there was a discovery in nineteen 0:10:43.600 --> 0:10:48.640 thirty one that really grabbed the archaeologists in the area 0:10:48.720 --> 0:10:52.080 by the throat, shook them to their tongues turned blue 0:10:52.080 --> 0:10:54.679 and hung out of their mouths, and it said, look 0:10:54.800 --> 0:10:56.400 at this, this is important. 0:10:57.000 --> 0:10:57.520 That's right. 0:10:58.880 --> 0:11:00.760 Did you say nineteen thirty one, because that's when it 0:11:00.840 --> 0:11:04.600 was That's when a trawler called the Kalinda was fishing 0:11:04.640 --> 0:11:07.760 off the coast of Norfolk came along and again a 0:11:07.800 --> 0:11:09.960 big old chunk of morlog was hauled in in the 0:11:10.000 --> 0:11:13.000 net and they were digging through that. And this guy's 0:11:13.000 --> 0:11:15.160 got a great name. The skipper of the Clinda's name 0:11:15.200 --> 0:11:16.280 was Pilgrim Lockwood. 0:11:16.679 --> 0:11:19.160 So good. I would say that's a hotel check in name, 0:11:19.160 --> 0:11:21.600 but it's just a little too eye catching. 0:11:22.160 --> 0:11:23.600 That's too suspicious. 0:11:23.960 --> 0:11:26.160 Yeah, yeah, it is pretty suspicious. 0:11:26.240 --> 0:11:31.720 Actually, yeah, hi, Pilgrim Lockwood checking in. Yeah, okay, buddy, 0:11:31.720 --> 0:11:33.679 what's your real name? And who do you think you are? 0:11:34.960 --> 0:11:38.240 So Pilgrim Lockwood is busting up this peete with his shovel, 0:11:39.280 --> 0:11:42.079 just like out of a movie. Hits something hard, reaches 0:11:42.080 --> 0:11:45.000 in and finds and this is the kind of discovery 0:11:45.000 --> 0:11:46.920 that all of a sudden, like you said, everyone's going 0:11:47.000 --> 0:11:49.319 to be like, okay, there's really something happening here. Because 0:11:49.400 --> 0:11:53.199 it was an eight and a half inch long harpoon head, 0:11:53.280 --> 0:11:57.920 a harpoon point carved with hands out of an antler. 0:11:59.320 --> 0:12:01.880 But here's the At first they were like, okay, I 0:12:01.880 --> 0:12:03.679 mean this is kind of cool, and they even offered 0:12:03.679 --> 0:12:06.480 it to the British Museum, but they said, nah, we've 0:12:06.520 --> 0:12:07.560 got some harpoons. 0:12:07.960 --> 0:12:09.480 We're all set. We got a couple of them. 0:12:09.520 --> 0:12:12.760 Yeah, And the idea was that everyone thought like, hey, 0:12:12.800 --> 0:12:14.880 this is probably just was lost over the side of 0:12:14.880 --> 0:12:15.800 a boat or something. 0:12:16.200 --> 0:12:17.360 What's the big deal. 0:12:17.440 --> 0:12:19.760 Yeah, they're like pretty cool. I mean, like, don't throw 0:12:19.800 --> 0:12:23.920 it back on it. Yeah, because it was very clearly 0:12:23.960 --> 0:12:26.200 fashioned by humans. I think in addition to just being 0:12:26.640 --> 0:12:31.640 smoothed out to be fashioned into a harpoon, I think 0:12:31.640 --> 0:12:35.280 it was decorated as well, so there's no arguing that 0:12:36.240 --> 0:12:40.440 it was a human artifact. It had been found in 0:12:40.760 --> 0:12:44.280 a moorlog so a chunk of pete, and then somebody 0:12:44.360 --> 0:12:47.880 along the way, another married couple, Harry and Margaret Godwin, said, 0:12:47.960 --> 0:12:50.600 let us see that pete. We have a little hypothesis 0:12:50.640 --> 0:12:53.120 we want to test. And they looked at that pete 0:12:53.120 --> 0:12:56.640 and they said, everybody, get this. That pete was formed 0:12:57.120 --> 0:13:00.840 in a fresh water environment, meaning that it could only 0:13:00.880 --> 0:13:05.280 have been formed above the sea's surface on land in 0:13:05.320 --> 0:13:09.360 a wetland, but on land, and the harpoon being in 0:13:09.400 --> 0:13:12.480 there means that a human was on land above the 0:13:12.480 --> 0:13:14.640 sea's surface when they were using it, and it they 0:13:14.720 --> 0:13:16.199 lost it in the peat. 0:13:16.840 --> 0:13:19.600 Yeah, I mean I picture Margaret Godwin just storming in 0:13:19.640 --> 0:13:22.880 the room and saying that didn't fall off of any boat. 0:13:24.920 --> 0:13:28.960 And then even better, the British Museum gets in touch 0:13:28.960 --> 0:13:31.760 with Pilgrim Lockwood after this and he's like, well, well, 0:13:31.800 --> 0:13:33.679 well look who's come crawling back. 0:13:36.520 --> 0:13:39.320 Yeah, that would have been pretty great actually. Yeah. So 0:13:39.400 --> 0:13:42.520 they used a pollen analysis to figure this out, and 0:13:43.040 --> 0:13:45.400 later on they were able to date this thing in 0:13:45.440 --> 0:13:49.240 this harpoon head they found was about fourteen thousand years 0:13:49.240 --> 0:13:52.040 old neat, which would place it kind of squarely in 0:13:52.080 --> 0:13:53.640 the Mesolithic. 0:13:53.040 --> 0:13:55.760 Era, well about toward the beginning of it, I think. 0:13:55.920 --> 0:13:57.760 Because this was this is in the area. 0:13:57.840 --> 0:14:01.000 It's a sweee, it's a squishy one. And the other 0:14:01.040 --> 0:14:03.559 thing that's so exciting about Doggerland and finding stuff out 0:14:03.559 --> 0:14:07.520 about it is we have very little information about Mesolithic 0:14:07.679 --> 0:14:10.439 people of this area of the time. 0:14:11.000 --> 0:14:12.679 Okay, okay, everybody. 0:14:13.240 --> 0:14:15.520 In addition to all that chuck, there were some more 0:14:15.559 --> 0:14:18.160 things that came up during the twentieth century that were 0:14:18.200 --> 0:14:21.640 like this, this is there's something really interesting down there. 0:14:21.680 --> 0:14:24.920 They were finding bits of textile. Yeah, they found a 0:14:24.960 --> 0:14:29.040 Neanderthal skull fragment that they managed to It was between 0:14:29.080 --> 0:14:32.600 seventy thousand and forty thousand years old. We'll talk about 0:14:32.600 --> 0:14:36.000 it a little later, but there's a facial reconstruction, you 0:14:36.040 --> 0:14:38.760 know they love to do like the three d oh. Yeah, 0:14:38.840 --> 0:14:42.000 they have the guy smiling, just a huge, big, sweet 0:14:42.040 --> 0:14:44.520 goofy smile. And I thought that was a nice touch. 0:14:45.120 --> 0:14:48.560 Yeah, that's always nice. That's like when they recreated what 0:14:48.560 --> 0:14:51.280 they thought Jesus would really look like, and he looked 0:14:51.320 --> 0:14:53.359 like he was on the Simpsons or something. 0:14:53.160 --> 0:14:55.800 Right, or he's doing the eyewink and the double guns. 0:14:55.800 --> 0:14:56.960 I've seen that before too. 0:14:57.680 --> 0:14:58.680 Oh yeah, that's classic. 0:14:59.240 --> 0:15:03.360 But despite all the fines, kind of throughout the twentieth century, 0:15:03.400 --> 0:15:06.800 they still the scientific community still were like, okay, so 0:15:06.840 --> 0:15:09.720 there were people there, but like this was just they 0:15:09.720 --> 0:15:13.160 were just traveling along the road like nobody lived there. 0:15:13.200 --> 0:15:14.080 They were rambling on. 0:15:14.880 --> 0:15:17.120 They were rambling on through the area and the era. 0:15:17.400 --> 0:15:18.160 And maybe we. 0:15:18.080 --> 0:15:20.680 Should take a break. Yeah, all right, we'll be right 0:15:20.680 --> 0:15:44.440 back with more on dogger Land. All right, So you 0:15:44.480 --> 0:15:47.480 mentioned before the break at some point that Doggerland was 0:15:47.520 --> 0:15:51.480 not named Doggerland. At this point, it would be I 0:15:51.520 --> 0:15:54.800 think nineteen ninety eight before that name would finally be coined. 0:15:56.240 --> 0:15:58.480 And again, this was still like just sort of the 0:15:58.520 --> 0:16:02.400 scientific community that was pretty excited. Like even the broader 0:16:02.600 --> 0:16:08.440 archaeological community was still not super pumped on this area yet. 0:16:08.560 --> 0:16:10.040 They were studying it in the seventies. 0:16:10.120 --> 0:16:15.000 But in the nineteen ninety eight a archaeologist name Brionny 0:16:15.080 --> 0:16:20.280 Coles put out a paper called Doggerland colon a speculative 0:16:20.320 --> 0:16:24.040 survey wherein And this is what made the scientific community 0:16:24.120 --> 0:16:26.840 kind of say, like, ooh, what's she talking about. She 0:16:26.960 --> 0:16:29.400 named it Doggerland after that sand bank, the Dogger Bank, 0:16:29.440 --> 0:16:30.400 like you were talking about. 0:16:30.760 --> 0:16:32.000 And she's the first one that. 0:16:31.960 --> 0:16:35.600 Said, you know what, everyone, I think people like lived here, 0:16:35.760 --> 0:16:37.800 and I think it was kind of pretty awesome. 0:16:38.160 --> 0:16:40.480 Yeah, this was in a land bridge. This is essentially 0:16:40.520 --> 0:16:44.760 like it was an extension of the European continent and 0:16:44.800 --> 0:16:46.240 a lot of people lived there and a lot of 0:16:46.240 --> 0:16:47.240 stuff happened there. 0:16:47.880 --> 0:16:50.360 And maybe she busted into the room and said that 0:16:50.520 --> 0:16:51.720 was no land bridge. 0:16:52.000 --> 0:16:56.680 Yeah. So yeah, and there's this this collection of archaeologists 0:16:56.680 --> 0:17:00.720 and scholars and it's getting increasingly elbow to elbow in 0:17:00.800 --> 0:17:04.160 there and hot because there's no ac for some reason 0:17:04.160 --> 0:17:07.959 in this room. Okay, and it's July, and there's a 0:17:07.960 --> 0:17:10.880 lot of rotting fish in the in the room too 0:17:10.920 --> 0:17:11.679 for some reason. 0:17:12.359 --> 0:17:15.200 Yeah, that's a weird edition. Everyone wondered about this fish. 0:17:15.320 --> 0:17:20.200 Yeah. And then somebody is eating leftovers of Vietnamese food 0:17:20.240 --> 0:17:22.360 and that's loaded with shrimp paste. 0:17:22.680 --> 0:17:24.520 Oh man, that shrimp paste. 0:17:25.240 --> 0:17:28.800 And then there's one guy who's got leather patches on 0:17:28.880 --> 0:17:31.680 his elbows and it's chafing the people on either side 0:17:31.680 --> 0:17:35.320 of him. Oh God, be wearing short sleeves. 0:17:35.720 --> 0:17:37.120 Yeah, Neil always wears that thing. 0:17:37.359 --> 0:17:42.920 So it's really difficult to get across how groundbreaking Briany 0:17:43.000 --> 0:17:51.040 Cole's study was because she was working with really minimal information. 0:17:51.400 --> 0:17:53.639 I saw that she went to the extent of like 0:17:53.960 --> 0:17:59.560 collecting anecdotes from old fishermen who had brought up stuff 0:17:59.640 --> 0:18:03.000 where they were trawling, like, and she took all this 0:18:03.359 --> 0:18:06.320 and put it together, and not only like just wrote 0:18:06.320 --> 0:18:08.440 a book like hey, get this, this is what's really 0:18:08.480 --> 0:18:13.680 down there. She created maps of what Doggerland would have 0:18:13.720 --> 0:18:18.320 looked like, not just once, but throughout different areas of 0:18:18.400 --> 0:18:22.080 the time period that it was above water. So what 0:18:22.160 --> 0:18:27.760 she did was an amazing triumph of intellect. Like it's 0:18:27.800 --> 0:18:31.879 really tough to get across, Like, how big a deal 0:18:32.080 --> 0:18:34.359 what she did was, and that's why people started to 0:18:34.359 --> 0:18:36.640 get into Doggerlank because it was so convincing too. 0:18:37.440 --> 0:18:40.760 Yeah, for sure, you know, these these different little pictures 0:18:40.800 --> 0:18:43.359 of different points in time. She said, Hey, I think 0:18:43.440 --> 0:18:47.480 during the Paleolithic it might have gone all the way 0:18:47.520 --> 0:18:51.480 from the Shetland Islands of Scotland to the Netherlands. Maybe 0:18:51.560 --> 0:18:54.639 I think during the Holocene period that sea began to 0:18:54.760 --> 0:18:58.159 rise and it became an island for a while. And 0:18:58.200 --> 0:19:01.600 then finally she put it at fifty five hundred BC. 0:19:01.800 --> 0:19:06.400 She figured it disappeared entirely. We've seen anywhere between five 0:19:06.440 --> 0:19:09.359 thousand and seven thousand years ago is what people speculate. 0:19:10.720 --> 0:19:13.320 But she even despite all that, was like, hey, this 0:19:13.440 --> 0:19:18.639 is just I'm speculating here, everybody. Much later, a archaeologist 0:19:18.720 --> 0:19:21.919 named Vincent Gaffney, along with a graduate student named Simon 0:19:22.000 --> 0:19:25.399 Fitch Fitch or Finch, yeah, Fitch in two thousand and 0:19:25.480 --> 0:19:28.760 one got on the scene, and after about eight years 0:19:28.800 --> 0:19:31.840 of work, Gaffney said, you know what, she was reasonably 0:19:31.920 --> 0:19:33.119 correct with all this stuff. 0:19:33.240 --> 0:19:34.480 Yeah, nice, nice work. 0:19:34.600 --> 0:19:37.440 And Gaffney was in a really good position to say 0:19:37.480 --> 0:19:40.440 that because, like you said, he worked for years and 0:19:40.520 --> 0:19:43.320 years and years on a project that he had come 0:19:43.400 --> 0:19:47.359 up with with Simon Fitch. That was pretty clever. Yeah, 0:19:47.400 --> 0:19:50.639 they were like, there are a lot of oil exploration 0:19:50.760 --> 0:19:54.359 companies that have been like mapping the seafloor of the 0:19:54.400 --> 0:19:58.120 North Sea for decades. Now, surely they have some amazing 0:19:58.200 --> 0:20:00.800 data sets that they'll share with us. So they started 0:20:00.800 --> 0:20:04.000 going around to oil companies and they finally found one, actually, 0:20:04.040 --> 0:20:09.400 Petroleum Geo Services, and PGS said sure, we'll share, We'll 0:20:09.440 --> 0:20:12.520 share a little bit of our undersea mapping with you, 0:20:12.960 --> 0:20:16.760 and they gave them data for twenty three thousand square 0:20:16.840 --> 0:20:20.760 kilometers of the North Sea and Vincent Gaffney feinted, but 0:20:20.880 --> 0:20:23.359 luckily Simon Fitch was there to catch him. And that 0:20:23.480 --> 0:20:25.520 was just that was what Simon Fitch is all about. 0:20:25.600 --> 0:20:26.760 He's always there to catch you. 0:20:27.720 --> 0:20:31.359 Yeah, And this was a situation where like to the 0:20:31.359 --> 0:20:33.840 oil company, they were like, let's just give him a 0:20:33.840 --> 0:20:35.879 little bit of our stuff and maybe they'll stop calling us. 0:20:36.320 --> 0:20:40.080 Archaeology Magazine later called that the largest geophysical survey ever 0:20:40.119 --> 0:20:41.879 made available to archaeologists. 0:20:41.880 --> 0:20:42.400 Pretty cool. 0:20:42.880 --> 0:20:43.760 So that's sort of the. 0:20:43.680 --> 0:20:47.359 Difference between the sort of the oil company sector and 0:20:47.560 --> 0:20:50.280 the scientific community and what they consider a little bit 0:20:50.280 --> 0:20:50.680 of data. 0:20:50.840 --> 0:20:55.480 Yeah, and this was really groundbreaking for underwater archaeology because 0:20:55.480 --> 0:20:59.200 this was underwater archaeology this point was like dive down 0:20:59.800 --> 0:21:03.880 in scuba gear, hope you find something there. There were 0:21:03.920 --> 0:21:07.240 some techniques where you can actually kind of excavate something 0:21:07.240 --> 0:21:10.280 that's close to the surface. They have big vacuums that 0:21:10.320 --> 0:21:13.119 they go through the silt that's taken up on board 0:21:13.520 --> 0:21:15.960 the ship above. So it's not like it was just 0:21:16.000 --> 0:21:19.760 completely just a concept at the time, but this really 0:21:19.800 --> 0:21:24.159