1 00:00:02,360 --> 00:00:07,760 Speaker 1: Welcome to this day in history class. Today is March nineteen, 2 00:00:08,520 --> 00:00:12,160 Speaker 1: and we have another special guest on the podcast today. 3 00:00:12,720 --> 00:00:15,840 Speaker 1: That special guest is Annie Reese, who is the host 4 00:00:15,960 --> 00:00:19,560 Speaker 1: of Stuff Mom Never Told You, a really amazing feminist podcast, 5 00:00:19,920 --> 00:00:22,000 Speaker 1: and the co host of Saber, where she talks about 6 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:25,319 Speaker 1: all things food and she visits really cool cities to 7 00:00:25,360 --> 00:00:29,880 Speaker 1: explore their food culture. Right Annie, Yes, yes, and I'm 8 00:00:29,960 --> 00:00:32,560 Speaker 1: so thrilled to be here with you. Eves. Eves, you've 9 00:00:32,600 --> 00:00:34,839 Speaker 1: been on Stuff I've Never Told you With me, Um, 10 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:37,080 Speaker 1: we always have a great conversation, Yes, we do it. 11 00:00:37,120 --> 00:00:39,839 Speaker 1: I'm really looking forward to our conversation today, which is 12 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:46,960 Speaker 1: about the Women's Olympiad which started on March nineteen, right, yes, 13 00:00:47,040 --> 00:00:51,479 Speaker 1: that is correct. So yeah, we're talking about French feminist 14 00:00:51,760 --> 00:00:55,360 Speaker 1: Alice Milia and her Women's World Games which took place 15 00:00:55,840 --> 00:01:00,040 Speaker 1: from nineteen one to ninety four and lent to the 16 00:01:00,080 --> 00:01:03,880 Speaker 1: Olympics letting women compete in more events. That's a really 17 00:01:03,920 --> 00:01:08,640 Speaker 1: big deal, isn't it. I Yes, I almost wrote, like 18 00:01:08,760 --> 00:01:12,040 Speaker 1: paragraphed after a paragraph after paragraph of why I think 19 00:01:12,040 --> 00:01:14,479 Speaker 1: this is such a big deal, and I will kind 20 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:17,240 Speaker 1: of end on that note, but I tried to you know, 21 00:01:17,319 --> 00:01:19,760 Speaker 1: shave it down so that people won't get tired of 22 00:01:19,800 --> 00:01:23,880 Speaker 1: my soliloquies. Well, this is what you do. You talk 23 00:01:23,920 --> 00:01:26,760 Speaker 1: about women's history all the time and what's going on 24 00:01:26,800 --> 00:01:30,480 Speaker 1: today with women. But tell me a little bit about 25 00:01:30,920 --> 00:01:35,520 Speaker 1: what the Olympiad actually was, what happened during the Olympiad. Sure, 26 00:01:35,840 --> 00:01:38,720 Speaker 1: and and before we get into it, just a quick disclaimer. 27 00:01:39,040 --> 00:01:41,840 Speaker 1: There are a lot of acronyms in this, okay, so 28 00:01:41,959 --> 00:01:47,920 Speaker 1: bear with me. Are the acronym queen knowledge? Common knowledge? 29 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,200 Speaker 1: So yes, it is. It's like on a plaque on 30 00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:54,880 Speaker 1: my desk. The Women's World Games were Alice Milia's response 31 00:01:54,960 --> 00:01:59,000 Speaker 1: to the International Olympic Committees or the ioc UM and 32 00:01:59,080 --> 00:02:02,360 Speaker 1: the International Station of Athletics Federation the i A A 33 00:02:02,640 --> 00:02:06,960 Speaker 1: f their disdain and fear of first wave feminist gaining 34 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:09,680 Speaker 1: ground and um of women wanting to compete in certain 35 00:02:09,720 --> 00:02:12,320 Speaker 1: events like the eight hundred meter track event. This one 36 00:02:12,360 --> 00:02:16,200 Speaker 1: was particularly controversial UM events that did not recognize women 37 00:02:16,280 --> 00:02:20,880 Speaker 1: or had been deemed unfit for women. So some context, 38 00:02:21,520 --> 00:02:25,079 Speaker 1: at this time, people and particularly here we're talking about Europeans, 39 00:02:25,120 --> 00:02:30,880 Speaker 1: were already having conversations about gender equality. The term feminism 40 00:02:30,919 --> 00:02:32,880 Speaker 1: is thought to have been coined in the eighteen eighties 41 00:02:32,880 --> 00:02:35,840 Speaker 1: by a French activist by the name of Hubertine Aauclaire. 42 00:02:36,560 --> 00:02:40,160 Speaker 1: Around the same time, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, who was 43 00:02:40,240 --> 00:02:44,000 Speaker 1: also French, founded the modern iteration of the Olympics and 44 00:02:44,280 --> 00:02:50,200 Speaker 1: of the IOC. Dave Kuberten out right opposed women's participation 45 00:02:50,240 --> 00:02:53,680 Speaker 1: in sports, and this bled over into what events he 46 00:02:53,760 --> 00:02:57,520 Speaker 1: believed women could and should compete in. When it came 47 00:02:57,840 --> 00:03:02,359 Speaker 1: to the Olympic Games, Soames were the first that allowed 48 00:03:02,440 --> 00:03:07,679 Speaker 1: women to compete at all in tennis and golf, nothing else. Okay, yeah, 49 00:03:09,040 --> 00:03:11,399 Speaker 1: Over the years they did add things like women swimming, 50 00:03:11,720 --> 00:03:14,520 Speaker 1: but track and field events were pretty much non existent 51 00:03:14,600 --> 00:03:18,400 Speaker 1: for female competitors. And if you're asking why track and field, 52 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:23,680 Speaker 1: the answer is lost of time. Some physicians thought women 53 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:28,320 Speaker 1: exerting themselves to the point of visible sweat was unhealthy 54 00:03:28,360 --> 00:03:31,640 Speaker 1: for women. Um. So maybe it's that it was definitely 55 00:03:31,680 --> 00:03:34,560 Speaker 1: in either case, you just unladylike to sweat in public 56 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:38,800 Speaker 1: and possibly bad for your uterus. Um. Although I have 57 00:03:38,920 --> 00:03:41,960 Speaker 1: to say I have built up quite a sweat playing tennis. 58 00:03:42,280 --> 00:03:44,920 Speaker 1: That was gonna be my question. Why why do they 59 00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:47,520 Speaker 1: think you can't swit? When you're doing certain sports that 60 00:03:47,600 --> 00:03:52,160 Speaker 1: they both take levels of physical exertion. Right. Well, one 61 00:03:52,200 --> 00:03:55,560 Speaker 1: interesting thing, and this is just me wondering if if 62 00:03:55,600 --> 00:03:57,040 Speaker 1: it had something to do with this, but the tennis 63 00:03:57,120 --> 00:04:00,520 Speaker 1: uniform for women at this time was essentially bring all 64 00:04:00,520 --> 00:04:03,440 Speaker 1: of your skin, so maybe they just couldn't see you sweat. 65 00:04:04,640 --> 00:04:08,160 Speaker 1: I don't know, classic trickery, I can't see it doesn't exist. 66 00:04:08,600 --> 00:04:10,920 Speaker 1: It was like a weighted down skirted. It did not 67 00:04:11,000 --> 00:04:16,160 Speaker 1: look comfortable for playing in the hot weather. But anyway, um. 68 00:04:16,200 --> 00:04:19,880 Speaker 1: The first French women's athletic club, Femina Sports, which was 69 00:04:19,880 --> 00:04:23,679 Speaker 1: founded in nineteen eleven, put together France's very first women's 70 00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:28,440 Speaker 1: national championship for track and field in seventeen. That same year, 71 00:04:28,520 --> 00:04:32,880 Speaker 1: some of famina's sports founders created the Federalsonda Society Feminine 72 00:04:32,920 --> 00:04:38,040 Speaker 1: Sportive de France are Women's Sports Federation of France. And 73 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:42,000 Speaker 1: this is when Alice Milia enters the picture. She was 74 00:04:42,040 --> 00:04:46,240 Speaker 1: one of the founders of this organization. She formally requested 75 00:04:46,279 --> 00:04:48,839 Speaker 1: that women's track and field be added to the Olympics 76 00:04:49,000 --> 00:04:52,880 Speaker 1: in that's when she put in. The request was turned down. 77 00:04:54,080 --> 00:04:58,080 Speaker 1: So what does she do? She decides to host her 78 00:04:58,120 --> 00:05:03,600 Speaker 1: own Olympics pretty much. The first step was founding the 79 00:05:03,680 --> 00:05:10,600 Speaker 1: I s f I, and on March that organization hosts 80 00:05:10,720 --> 00:05:14,839 Speaker 1: the inaugural Women's Olympiad in Monte Carlo, and it's complete 81 00:05:14,920 --> 00:05:18,440 Speaker 1: with eleven track and field events, five different nations represented. 82 00:05:18,920 --> 00:05:21,680 Speaker 1: It was meant to show the IOC, hey, look, we 83 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:24,080 Speaker 1: can do this, um and persuade them kind of a 84 00:05:24,120 --> 00:05:27,359 Speaker 1: proof of concepts um, we should add these categories to 85 00:05:27,400 --> 00:05:30,400 Speaker 1: the Olympics. And despite the fact that this event was 86 00:05:30,440 --> 00:05:35,880 Speaker 1: a success, the IOC rejected the appeal, but that did 87 00:05:35,920 --> 00:05:39,680 Speaker 1: not stop Milliah. The following year, the I s f 88 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:42,560 Speaker 1: I took it up a notch and hosted the first 89 00:05:42,760 --> 00:05:47,239 Speaker 1: Women's Olympic Games, with the idea of following the same 90 00:05:47,480 --> 00:05:49,560 Speaker 1: for your schedule. I love this. It's like, we'll have 91 00:05:49,600 --> 00:05:52,080 Speaker 1: our own Olympics then we don't need you. And I 92 00:05:52,120 --> 00:05:54,400 Speaker 1: like how they already planned for the four years. We 93 00:05:54,480 --> 00:05:57,000 Speaker 1: know this is happening, right, We're going for this, We're 94 00:05:57,240 --> 00:06:01,360 Speaker 1: staying committed to it exactly. I mean. It was essentially 95 00:06:01,400 --> 00:06:05,120 Speaker 1: the Olympics but for women, and the first one took 96 00:06:05,160 --> 00:06:09,680 Speaker 1: place in Paris. Once again, five nations, including the United States, participated, 97 00:06:09,720 --> 00:06:14,120 Speaker 1: and it was attended by around twenty thousand spectators. Guess 98 00:06:14,160 --> 00:06:18,800 Speaker 1: who did not like this? Who Day Cooper DN, the 99 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:23,160 Speaker 1: IOC and the I A A F I would imagine, Yes, 100 00:06:23,279 --> 00:06:26,760 Speaker 1: they were not happy. They decreed that the I A 101 00:06:26,760 --> 00:06:29,840 Speaker 1: A F should be in charge of all track and 102 00:06:29,920 --> 00:06:33,520 Speaker 1: field events. This was a grab for control over who 103 00:06:33,560 --> 00:06:37,520 Speaker 1: is allowed to compete and over who can use the 104 00:06:37,520 --> 00:06:41,200 Speaker 1: Olympic brand. They didn't want this other organization coming in 105 00:06:41,279 --> 00:06:45,560 Speaker 1: and using Olympic in the name. After these two organizations 106 00:06:45,640 --> 00:06:48,719 Speaker 1: agreed that yes, the io C and the I A 107 00:06:48,839 --> 00:06:52,360 Speaker 1: A F should each govern women's check and fields events, 108 00:06:53,080 --> 00:06:55,000 Speaker 1: so they acknowledged it was a thing, women's check and 109 00:06:55,040 --> 00:06:59,080 Speaker 1: field is it exists. They also immediately agreed that women 110 00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:01,000 Speaker 1: would not have the right to appear in track and 111 00:07:01,040 --> 00:07:05,400 Speaker 1: field events in the nineteen Olympics. So they got control 112 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:10,400 Speaker 1: and then shut it down. Wow, talk about a reversal. Yeah. Um. 113 00:07:10,440 --> 00:07:12,800 Speaker 1: As part of this whole thing, the I S F I, 114 00:07:12,960 --> 00:07:16,160 Speaker 1: which is what Milia was associated with, did strike the 115 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:19,040 Speaker 1: Olympic from their name. They renamed their event the Women's 116 00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:23,240 Speaker 1: World Games to get the IOC off their backs. The 117 00:07:23,240 --> 00:07:25,520 Speaker 1: show went on, though, and four years later the second 118 00:07:25,680 --> 00:07:29,800 Speaker 1: Women's World Games set in Sweden drew athletes from nine countries, 119 00:07:30,520 --> 00:07:34,640 Speaker 1: and the IOC was furious and wanted to shut it down. 120 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:39,440 Speaker 1: Even more so that organization, the IOC attempted a compromise 121 00:07:39,480 --> 00:07:42,320 Speaker 1: and added five women's track and field events in their 122 00:07:42,400 --> 00:07:46,320 Speaker 1: nineteen Olympic Games. And this is compared to twenty two 123 00:07:46,320 --> 00:07:50,040 Speaker 1: events that men could compete in. By the way, Milia 124 00:07:50,200 --> 00:07:53,800 Speaker 1: was not satisfied with this compromise, although some other members 125 00:07:53,840 --> 00:07:56,760 Speaker 1: in the i s f I were The British women's 126 00:07:56,800 --> 00:07:59,280 Speaker 1: team was on Mili out side and boycotted the nine 127 00:08:00,080 --> 00:08:05,400 Speaker 1: Olympic Games altogether. And even though these five events being 128 00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:08,320 Speaker 1: added to track and field in the Olympics, in these 129 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:11,720 Speaker 1: games it was historic, a lot of the press at 130 00:08:11,720 --> 00:08:15,640 Speaker 1: the time did not report on it that way. Take 131 00:08:15,720 --> 00:08:19,440 Speaker 1: this quote from the New York Times the final of 132 00:08:19,480 --> 00:08:22,800 Speaker 1: the women's eight run, in which Frau Lina Radka of 133 00:08:22,840 --> 00:08:26,640 Speaker 1: Germany said, a world's record plainly demonstrated that even this 134 00:08:26,720 --> 00:08:30,480 Speaker 1: distance makes too great a call on feminine strength. At 135 00:08:30,520 --> 00:08:33,319 Speaker 1: the finish, six out of the nine runners were completely 136 00:08:33,360 --> 00:08:37,040 Speaker 1: exhausted and fell headlong on the ground. Several had to 137 00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:40,040 Speaker 1: be carried off the track. The little American girl, Miss 138 00:08:40,080 --> 00:08:43,680 Speaker 1: Florence McDonald, who made a gallant try but was outclassed, 139 00:08:43,960 --> 00:08:46,760 Speaker 1: was in a half feet for several minutes, while even 140 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:50,920 Speaker 1: the sturdy miss Hitomy of Japan, who finished second, needed 141 00:08:50,960 --> 00:08:54,040 Speaker 1: attention before she was able to leave the field. And 142 00:08:54,120 --> 00:08:57,840 Speaker 1: that's real. Yes, you know, it almost seems comical. It 143 00:08:57,960 --> 00:09:00,800 Speaker 1: does because so many words in there. I could go 144 00:09:00,840 --> 00:09:04,360 Speaker 1: into why they're problematic. For some reason, the words sturdy 145 00:09:04,400 --> 00:09:10,120 Speaker 1: stood out to me. Yes, you've got the table, but yeah, 146 00:09:10,520 --> 00:09:13,400 Speaker 1: just the language that she used is just so obviously 147 00:09:13,480 --> 00:09:19,200 Speaker 1: biased in that quote. Yeah, and demeaning women's participation in 148 00:09:19,559 --> 00:09:23,199 Speaker 1: the eight run in particular, like I mentioned, seemed to 149 00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:26,280 Speaker 1: be controversial, and the IOC prohibited women from competing in 150 00:09:26,320 --> 00:09:31,160 Speaker 1: this event again until nineteen sixty. The nineteen thirty two 151 00:09:31,160 --> 00:09:33,640 Speaker 1: Olympic Games only allowed women to compete in the one 152 00:09:33,720 --> 00:09:37,480 Speaker 1: hundred meter dash, a short distance compared to these longer, 153 00:09:37,960 --> 00:09:42,200 Speaker 1: longer tracks. The nineteen thirties Women's World Games, on the 154 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:45,520 Speaker 1: other hand, featured twelve track and field events and competitors 155 00:09:45,559 --> 00:09:50,160 Speaker 1: from seventeen different countries. Ninety four women World Games were 156 00:09:50,160 --> 00:09:53,600 Speaker 1: even bigger, with nineteen countries competing in thirteen track and 157 00:09:53,640 --> 00:09:57,360 Speaker 1: field events. With the success of these games, Miliad demanded 158 00:09:57,360 --> 00:10:00,120 Speaker 1: the nineteen thirty six Olympics include what she called a 159 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:04,120 Speaker 1: full program of women's events or make the Olympics for 160 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:07,760 Speaker 1: male competitors only, because the I s F I was 161 00:10:07,880 --> 00:10:10,960 Speaker 1: doing just fine, thank you very much. She twisted the 162 00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:14,720 Speaker 1: I a a f arm and they eventually conceded to 163 00:10:14,800 --> 00:10:18,439 Speaker 1: a nine event program at the Olympics and to acknowledge 164 00:10:18,480 --> 00:10:22,559 Speaker 1: the records set at the Women's World Games, the upcoming 165 00:10:22,640 --> 00:10:26,960 Speaker 1: nineteen thirty eight Women's World Games became the European Athletics Championship, 166 00:10:27,000 --> 00:10:31,320 Speaker 1: so changed the name. Miliad died in nine seven, but 167 00:10:31,360 --> 00:10:33,240 Speaker 1: she did live to see women in France get the 168 00:10:33,320 --> 00:10:37,960 Speaker 1: right to vote in ninety four, and so yeah, that's 169 00:10:38,080 --> 00:10:42,280 Speaker 1: kind of the story of this lost event that led 170 00:10:42,320 --> 00:10:46,120 Speaker 1: the way two women being allowed to compete in more 171 00:10:46,160 --> 00:10:49,679 Speaker 1: events in the Olympics. It's so interesting because they kept 172 00:10:49,720 --> 00:10:52,160 Speaker 1: working for it. So you saw those little moments of 173 00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:55,199 Speaker 1: progress every single step of the way, when something was given, 174 00:10:55,240 --> 00:10:59,240 Speaker 1: something was taken, and that compromise and negotiation that was happening. 175 00:11:00,160 --> 00:11:03,120 Speaker 1: So you mentioned earlier you were excited to talk about 176 00:11:03,120 --> 00:11:07,720 Speaker 1: why this event was important. Yes, as promised, So in 177 00:11:07,880 --> 00:11:13,280 Speaker 1: light of Women's History Month. This whole thing was a 178 00:11:13,400 --> 00:11:17,600 Speaker 1: huge push for women's equality. These were women who did 179 00:11:17,640 --> 00:11:20,160 Speaker 1: not take no for an answer, who made their own 180 00:11:20,240 --> 00:11:23,480 Speaker 1: games where they could compete, where people weren't telling them 181 00:11:23,520 --> 00:11:26,840 Speaker 1: what they could and couldn't do, and they were successful 182 00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:29,400 Speaker 1: enough so that the IOC had to listen to them. 183 00:11:30,120 --> 00:11:33,040 Speaker 1: Think of all the amazing, strong athletes that we have 184 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:35,800 Speaker 1: seen in the records that these athletes have broken, the 185 00:11:35,840 --> 00:11:40,120 Speaker 1: feats they've accomplished, the girls that they have inspired. I'm 186 00:11:40,200 --> 00:11:43,880 Speaker 1: a runner and I'm competitive, and I missed my Olympics window. 187 00:11:44,920 --> 00:11:46,800 Speaker 1: I mean, there's still time, but I think I missed 188 00:11:46,800 --> 00:11:50,000 Speaker 1: never stayed ever Anny, Yes, thank you eavese Um. But 189 00:11:50,120 --> 00:11:52,320 Speaker 1: if I had grown up not seeing women compete in 190 00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:54,720 Speaker 1: track and field at the Olympics, there is no way 191 00:11:55,160 --> 00:11:57,679 Speaker 1: that that would not have impacted me and what I 192 00:11:57,720 --> 00:12:01,920 Speaker 1: thought I could accomplish. That's a huge deal. I would 193 00:12:01,960 --> 00:12:05,680 Speaker 1: have imposed limits on myself, and I would say probably 194 00:12:05,679 --> 00:12:08,760 Speaker 1: a lot of young girls and women would have. When 195 00:12:08,800 --> 00:12:11,200 Speaker 1: I run, I feel powerful and strong and confident. And 196 00:12:11,280 --> 00:12:13,840 Speaker 1: I owe some of that of that freedom of thinking 197 00:12:13,840 --> 00:12:16,320 Speaker 1: that I can do this to the women before me 198 00:12:16,760 --> 00:12:20,960 Speaker 1: who fought for that chance to compete. But all of 199 00:12:21,000 --> 00:12:26,640 Speaker 1: that inspirational I hope stuff beside, I have to say, 200 00:12:26,760 --> 00:12:31,400 Speaker 1: if you're curious, the Olympics are still not fifty fifty. 201 00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:37,360 Speaker 1: For instance, the freestyle swim events wasn't available to women 202 00:12:37,400 --> 00:12:42,520 Speaker 1: at Rio Olympics. Um. Even though Katie Ladecki has broken 203 00:12:42,600 --> 00:12:46,120 Speaker 1: two world records in that event, men didn't have the 204 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:51,080 Speaker 1: eight So it doesn't make a lot of sense. Um. 205 00:12:51,200 --> 00:12:54,319 Speaker 1: So all this to say, there is still work to 206 00:12:54,400 --> 00:12:57,440 Speaker 1: be done. This really is an ongoing conversation, and we 207 00:12:57,480 --> 00:12:59,920 Speaker 1: can also talk about it in terms of non binary 208 00:13:00,080 --> 00:13:03,080 Speaker 1: and transfolks, which, yeah, this is all in the news 209 00:13:03,240 --> 00:13:06,160 Speaker 1: right now. So if you think like what we're talking 210 00:13:06,200 --> 00:13:09,520 Speaker 1: about is not important to the conversations we're having today 211 00:13:09,559 --> 00:13:12,120 Speaker 1: around the Olympics and what sports people can and cannot 212 00:13:12,200 --> 00:13:19,520 Speaker 1: compete in according to organizations, shadowy Cab all of people exactly, Um, 213 00:13:19,559 --> 00:13:22,160 Speaker 1: it definitely is important and I think it's it's really 214 00:13:22,240 --> 00:13:25,120 Speaker 1: valuable to remember this and to keep pushing. Well, I'm 215 00:13:25,160 --> 00:13:27,239 Speaker 1: glad we've got a chance to talk about it today. 216 00:13:27,760 --> 00:13:31,440 Speaker 1: Olympics often seem to be a hotbed of social conversations 217 00:13:31,480 --> 00:13:33,240 Speaker 1: just as a nature of all the different types of 218 00:13:33,240 --> 00:13:37,080 Speaker 1: people who are involved in it, and this little slice 219 00:13:37,080 --> 00:13:39,120 Speaker 1: of history about the Women's Olympiad, I think is a 220 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:41,760 Speaker 1: thing that a lot of people may not know about, 221 00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:45,520 Speaker 1: and I really appreciate you bringing this to our audiences 222 00:13:45,559 --> 00:13:48,960 Speaker 1: attention today. I had no idea there was that huge 223 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:52,480 Speaker 1: background to the Women's Olympiad and that it really caused 224 00:13:52,520 --> 00:13:55,480 Speaker 1: that much change. So yeah, thank you for being here today. 225 00:13:55,920 --> 00:13:58,120 Speaker 1: Thank you so much for having me. It's a pleasure. 226 00:13:58,120 --> 00:14:05,439 Speaker 1: As always, come back. I will keep up with us 227 00:14:05,480 --> 00:14:10,000 Speaker 1: on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook at T d i h 228 00:14:10,080 --> 00:14:14,640 Speaker 1: C podcast. Thank you for joining me today. See you 229 00:14:14,920 --> 00:14:16,760 Speaker 1: same place, same time tomorrow.