WEBVTT - Anthology of Horror, Volume 9

0:00:03.040 --> 0:00:06.840
<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind production of iHeartRadio.

0:00:13.000 --> 0:00:17.639
<v Speaker 2>Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. This is

0:00:17.920 --> 0:00:19.160
<v Speaker 2>Ruthless Rob Lamb.

0:00:19.320 --> 0:00:23.079
<v Speaker 3>And this is corrosive Joseph McCormick and Happy Halloween.

0:00:24.120 --> 0:00:28.000
<v Speaker 2>That's right. We're continuing our Halloween tradition this year, or

0:00:28.000 --> 0:00:31.360
<v Speaker 2>it's been our Halloween tradition for several years now. Anthology

0:00:31.400 --> 0:00:34.199
<v Speaker 2>of Horror. This is where we take We each take

0:00:34.200 --> 0:00:39.040
<v Speaker 2>an episode of a TV anthology series or something related

0:00:39.080 --> 0:00:41.560
<v Speaker 2>to this tradition, such as in the case of Joe's

0:00:41.560 --> 0:00:43.320
<v Speaker 2>selection this year, kind of like a Monster of the

0:00:43.360 --> 0:00:47.160
<v Speaker 2>Week episode, which which still close enough for our work,

0:00:48.080 --> 0:00:50.919
<v Speaker 2>and then we spend some science or contemplation out of it.

0:00:51.400 --> 0:00:53.760
<v Speaker 2>Before we switched over and started doing horror and sci

0:00:53.800 --> 0:00:57.360
<v Speaker 2>fi anthologies, we did the same treatment with creepy pastas

0:00:57.880 --> 0:01:01.280
<v Speaker 2>in the past. So that's that's what we do in

0:01:01.800 --> 0:01:04.360
<v Speaker 2>this series. Take a little horror, a little sci fi,

0:01:04.520 --> 0:01:06.680
<v Speaker 2>and spin it out, squeeze it out, and see what

0:01:06.760 --> 0:01:09.679
<v Speaker 2>kind of science we can get out of it. However,

0:01:09.840 --> 0:01:13.880
<v Speaker 2>I think this is likely the final installment of Anthology

0:01:13.880 --> 0:01:16.520
<v Speaker 2>of Horror. Here on Stuff to Blow Your Mind, and

0:01:16.920 --> 0:01:19.479
<v Speaker 2>mainly because ever since we started doing weird House Cinema.

0:01:19.800 --> 0:01:22.400
<v Speaker 2>The premise has felt like a little bit redundant, like

0:01:22.440 --> 0:01:26.039
<v Speaker 2>we get to talk about a weird movie every week.

0:01:26.160 --> 0:01:28.440
<v Speaker 2>So maybe, at least in my case, it feels a

0:01:28.480 --> 0:01:32.080
<v Speaker 2>little less special to have this Horror Anthology episode we

0:01:32.160 --> 0:01:34.160
<v Speaker 2>do every year. And we've also covered a lot of

0:01:34.160 --> 0:01:38.080
<v Speaker 2>great selections already, So I don't know if listeners out

0:01:38.080 --> 0:01:40.520
<v Speaker 2>there have strong feelings about this right in, and we

0:01:40.560 --> 0:01:41.800
<v Speaker 2>will consider now.

0:01:42.240 --> 0:01:44.920
<v Speaker 3>I know you suggested that this would be Anthology of

0:01:44.920 --> 0:01:48.639
<v Speaker 3>Horror the final Chapter, but if we're going by Friday

0:01:48.680 --> 0:01:51.880
<v Speaker 3>the thirteenth sequel naming conventions, that would have actually been

0:01:52.000 --> 0:01:54.720
<v Speaker 3>the fourth Anthology of Horror episode we did, which was

0:01:54.720 --> 0:01:58.560
<v Speaker 3>many years ago. Now this is the ninth, is that correct?

0:01:58.680 --> 0:02:01.480
<v Speaker 3>Which would that would put us in Jason Goes to

0:02:01.520 --> 0:02:04.920
<v Speaker 3>Hell territory? So this really should be Anthology of Horror

0:02:04.960 --> 0:02:06.880
<v Speaker 3>Part nine, Robin Joe go to Hell.

0:02:07.720 --> 0:02:11.679
<v Speaker 2>Okay, well, hopefully we can deliver Jason Goes to Hell

0:02:12.200 --> 0:02:17.280
<v Speaker 2>quality level or above in this episode. All right, Joe,

0:02:17.320 --> 0:02:20.880
<v Speaker 2>what do you have for us? I teased it a

0:02:20.919 --> 0:02:23.160
<v Speaker 2>little bit, but what is your selection for this year?

0:02:23.400 --> 0:02:26.720
<v Speaker 3>Okay, so, not too long ago, on some episode or other,

0:02:26.800 --> 0:02:30.880
<v Speaker 3>it came up that I had never seen any of

0:02:30.960 --> 0:02:35.880
<v Speaker 3>the classic American TV series Colchak The Nightstalker, which was

0:02:35.919 --> 0:02:39.720
<v Speaker 3>originally broadcast on ABC in nineteen seventy four. I think

0:02:39.760 --> 0:02:43.000
<v Speaker 3>it ran seventy four to seventy five, only for one season,

0:02:43.040 --> 0:02:46.240
<v Speaker 3>though I think there are around twenty episodes or so.

0:02:47.240 --> 0:02:50.240
<v Speaker 3>And my ignorance of this show was so deep that

0:02:50.400 --> 0:02:54.359
<v Speaker 3>I didn't even realize it had a supernatural element. I thought,

0:02:54.480 --> 0:02:56.800
<v Speaker 3>I guess this was just based on the name. I

0:02:56.840 --> 0:02:59.040
<v Speaker 3>thought it was some kind of gritty crime show. I

0:02:59.040 --> 0:03:02.200
<v Speaker 3>think because I heard night Stalker, I thought about that

0:03:02.360 --> 0:03:04.880
<v Speaker 3>serial killer and I was like, Okay, it's like a

0:03:04.919 --> 0:03:07.240
<v Speaker 3>serial killer show. But no, no, no, it's so much

0:03:07.280 --> 0:03:11.720
<v Speaker 3>more delightful than that. This show is essentially a precursor

0:03:11.880 --> 0:03:15.799
<v Speaker 3>to The X Files, where instead of FBI agents Malter

0:03:15.960 --> 0:03:21.440
<v Speaker 3>and Scully, we have a fast talking, rascally Chicago newspaper

0:03:21.480 --> 0:03:25.760
<v Speaker 3>reporter named Carl Coolchak played by Darren McGavin, whom I

0:03:25.840 --> 0:03:28.760
<v Speaker 3>knew primarily as the dad, the guy who gets his

0:03:28.840 --> 0:03:31.200
<v Speaker 3>son a BB gun in a Christmas story.

0:03:32.200 --> 0:03:34.840
<v Speaker 2>Well, and of course that's a tremendous role by Darren

0:03:34.920 --> 0:03:37.000
<v Speaker 2>McGavin there as well, So if you only know him

0:03:37.120 --> 0:03:39.360
<v Speaker 2>for one role, Like, that's a good one to know

0:03:39.480 --> 0:03:42.480
<v Speaker 2>him from. You know, it was in tons of stuff.

0:03:42.960 --> 0:03:45.840
<v Speaker 2>But yeah, he's great in this. As I'll mention in

0:03:45.880 --> 0:03:48.240
<v Speaker 2>a bit, I think he's he's really holding the show

0:03:48.320 --> 0:03:49.200
<v Speaker 2>up on his shoulders.

0:03:49.560 --> 0:03:52.360
<v Speaker 3>Now. I think any episode of Colchak The night Stalker

0:03:52.360 --> 0:03:55.240
<v Speaker 3>would count as an anthology entry because it had a

0:03:55.400 --> 0:03:59.720
<v Speaker 3>monster of the Week format. In each new kper Kolchak

0:03:59.720 --> 0:04:02.840
<v Speaker 3>would begin by reporting on some weird crime, usually a

0:04:02.920 --> 0:04:06.880
<v Speaker 3>murder that baffles the narrow minded police detectives. Ah, you know,

0:04:06.960 --> 0:04:10.320
<v Speaker 3>the victim's teeth were all painted blue? What could this mean?

0:04:10.880 --> 0:04:14.760
<v Speaker 3>And eventually we discover it means that the deaths were

0:04:14.800 --> 0:04:17.760
<v Speaker 3>caused by a shape shifting wear tiger or something.

0:04:18.480 --> 0:04:21.560
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, the plot that you encounter in these episodes, it's

0:04:21.600 --> 0:04:25.039
<v Speaker 2>going to be very formulaic. I think I watched a

0:04:25.120 --> 0:04:27.640
<v Speaker 2>bunch of these back in the nineties on either sci

0:04:27.720 --> 0:04:32.400
<v Speaker 2>Fi or any probably sci Fi, and I remember liking it.

0:04:32.839 --> 0:04:35.080
<v Speaker 2>One thing I also strongly remember about it is it

0:04:35.160 --> 0:04:37.800
<v Speaker 2>being kind of a cross generational hit. I have vague

0:04:37.880 --> 0:04:41.000
<v Speaker 2>memories that like, both my dad and my granddad would

0:04:41.040 --> 0:04:43.919
<v Speaker 2>be like cool with this show being on, because you know,

0:04:44.040 --> 0:04:45.920
<v Speaker 2>kids in the nineties, we wanted to watch Monsters, or

0:04:46.040 --> 0:04:49.280
<v Speaker 2>I wanted to watch Monsters anyway. But the rest of

0:04:49.320 --> 0:04:52.800
<v Speaker 2>the show has a very traditional episodic gum shoe feel

0:04:52.880 --> 0:04:56.159
<v Speaker 2>to it. You know, it feels very classic television in

0:04:56.200 --> 0:04:58.560
<v Speaker 2>that regard. It's very much a product of its age,

0:04:58.600 --> 0:05:02.880
<v Speaker 2>but with this strain supernatural twist to it. And then

0:05:03.240 --> 0:05:06.119
<v Speaker 2>at the center of this you have just an incredibly fun,

0:05:06.279 --> 0:05:10.200
<v Speaker 2>fast talking and charismatic performance by Darren McGavin, and you

0:05:10.279 --> 0:05:11.960
<v Speaker 2>just can't help but love him. You can't help but

0:05:12.040 --> 0:05:14.240
<v Speaker 2>follow him, and you want to see what he does next.

0:05:14.600 --> 0:05:17.240
<v Speaker 2>And it doesn't matter if you're here for the monsters

0:05:17.640 --> 0:05:20.919
<v Speaker 2>or you didn't know monsters were going to occur, You're

0:05:20.920 --> 0:05:22.560
<v Speaker 2>gonna stick around and see where this goes.

0:05:23.120 --> 0:05:26.120
<v Speaker 3>Yes, the force of the main character's personality is really

0:05:26.160 --> 0:05:28.680
<v Speaker 3>the anchor of the show. And now I haven't seen

0:05:28.720 --> 0:05:31.360
<v Speaker 3>the whole series. I've only seen this one episode now

0:05:31.360 --> 0:05:33.120
<v Speaker 3>and then read about some others, but I'm going to

0:05:33.160 --> 0:05:36.600
<v Speaker 3>be watching more. I think it is interesting to compare

0:05:36.640 --> 0:05:40.240
<v Speaker 3>the dynamics of Kolchak to the show that it is

0:05:40.360 --> 0:05:43.640
<v Speaker 3>explicitly acknowledged to have inspired The X Files. I know,

0:05:43.720 --> 0:05:46.200
<v Speaker 3>I think Chris Carter has said Coulchak was an inspiration

0:05:46.800 --> 0:05:51.919
<v Speaker 3>on the X Files. So the X Files, the investigations

0:05:51.960 --> 0:05:56.400
<v Speaker 3>there are that the tone of them is largely based

0:05:56.440 --> 0:06:01.040
<v Speaker 3>on the tension between Molder the believer and Scully the skeptic,

0:06:01.440 --> 0:06:05.200
<v Speaker 3>whereas in Colchak there's just one investigator, so there are

0:06:05.240 --> 0:06:08.480
<v Speaker 3>not two characters to bounce ideas off each other and

0:06:08.920 --> 0:06:11.720
<v Speaker 3>act as foils for one another. It all has to

0:06:11.760 --> 0:06:16.400
<v Speaker 3>be there inside Darren McGavin, and there is a similar

0:06:16.480 --> 0:06:19.000
<v Speaker 3>tension within him, but it's different. It's not like part

0:06:19.000 --> 0:06:22.800
<v Speaker 3>of him is an idealistic true believer who just wants

0:06:22.880 --> 0:06:26.880
<v Speaker 3>aliens to be real, and another part is ruthlessly seeking

0:06:26.880 --> 0:06:30.360
<v Speaker 3>out hard evidence instead. I think the tension is between

0:06:30.640 --> 0:06:38.080
<v Speaker 3>Coolchak's personality versus his observations. So it seems to me

0:06:38.279 --> 0:06:43.240
<v Speaker 3>that the tension is that Kolchak is naturally a wily, sardonic,

0:06:43.800 --> 0:06:47.840
<v Speaker 3>no nonsense personality. He talks like a just the facts

0:06:47.920 --> 0:06:51.440
<v Speaker 3>kind of newsman, and he makes wry jokes about anything

0:06:51.560 --> 0:06:56.880
<v Speaker 3>that sounds unusual, not just monsters, but unfamiliar science concepts,

0:06:56.880 --> 0:06:59.560
<v Speaker 3>like he makes jokes about the idea of rim sleep.

0:07:00.360 --> 0:07:02.479
<v Speaker 3>You know, there's like a guy in this episode, who's

0:07:02.560 --> 0:07:05.120
<v Speaker 3>undergoing rim sleep a scientist says, and he's like, oh,

0:07:05.240 --> 0:07:08.839
<v Speaker 3>is he remming right now? And there's like an inflection

0:07:08.960 --> 0:07:10.840
<v Speaker 3>on that that makes it sound funny. And then he

0:07:10.880 --> 0:07:13.400
<v Speaker 3>has the same kind of jokes about anything that's outside

0:07:13.440 --> 0:07:17.360
<v Speaker 3>of a very grounded, working class kind of scope of life.

0:07:17.400 --> 0:07:20.360
<v Speaker 3>So he makes jokes about the impossibility of pronouncing the

0:07:20.400 --> 0:07:25.360
<v Speaker 3>scientific names of plants, or about French food items, stuff

0:07:25.400 --> 0:07:28.280
<v Speaker 3>like that, and yet at the same time he puts

0:07:28.320 --> 0:07:30.960
<v Speaker 3>the clues together and he does end up believing that

0:07:31.000 --> 0:07:33.800
<v Speaker 3>the murders are supernatural in nature, and then has to

0:07:33.840 --> 0:07:36.080
<v Speaker 3>convince other people. He has to convince his boss at

0:07:36.120 --> 0:07:39.280
<v Speaker 3>the newspaper, the police whatever, that it really was a

0:07:39.320 --> 0:07:42.280
<v Speaker 3>monster again this time, and not this other poor guy

0:07:42.320 --> 0:07:44.240
<v Speaker 3>who's being falsely accused of the crime.

0:07:45.240 --> 0:07:47.320
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. I think that's a good summary of the energy here.

0:07:47.360 --> 0:07:49.560
<v Speaker 2>It's kind of like Moulder and Scully kind of have

0:07:49.680 --> 0:07:53.160
<v Speaker 2>like an forgive me if if I'm not doing justice

0:07:53.160 --> 0:07:56.239
<v Speaker 2>to musical genres. They have kind of a shoegaze vibe,

0:07:56.560 --> 0:07:59.040
<v Speaker 2>and I feel like, I feel like col Shak is

0:07:59.120 --> 0:08:04.120
<v Speaker 2>jazz anyway. A couple of quick notes just about people

0:08:04.160 --> 0:08:06.960
<v Speaker 2>involved in this series. The main character was created by

0:08:07.000 --> 0:08:09.360
<v Speaker 2>Jeff Rice in his novel The Cool Jack Papers, and

0:08:09.400 --> 0:08:12.800
<v Speaker 2>this was adapted before it was published into the original

0:08:12.880 --> 0:08:15.320
<v Speaker 2>nineteen seventy three TV movie that kicked it all off.

0:08:15.360 --> 0:08:18.360
<v Speaker 2>It concerned vampire murders and I think that's where we

0:08:18.400 --> 0:08:23.120
<v Speaker 2>get the night stalker thing. Also of note is that

0:08:23.200 --> 0:08:26.160
<v Speaker 2>this episode is directed by Gordon Hessler, who lived nineteen

0:08:26.200 --> 0:08:29.480
<v Speaker 2>twenty five through twenty fourteen. He directed nineteen seventy Scream

0:08:29.520 --> 0:08:32.199
<v Speaker 2>and Scream Again, which we talked about in Weird House Cinema.

0:08:32.640 --> 0:08:34.920
<v Speaker 3>M okay, And as far.

0:08:34.800 --> 0:08:36.520
<v Speaker 2>As the cast goes, you know, if this were a

0:08:36.520 --> 0:08:38.520
<v Speaker 2>weird House, we'd go deeper. But I will point out

0:08:38.800 --> 0:08:41.960
<v Speaker 2>that we have the prolific Keenan Wynn who lived nineteen

0:08:42.040 --> 0:08:45.120
<v Speaker 2>sixteen through nineteen eighty six, playing Captain what mad Dog

0:08:45.240 --> 0:08:47.720
<v Speaker 2>Joe in this and it's a pretty fun role.

0:08:48.000 --> 0:08:49.960
<v Speaker 3>Yes, what do I know him from? I mean he

0:08:50.040 --> 0:08:51.640
<v Speaker 3>was in a lot of things. You probably know him

0:08:51.640 --> 0:08:52.800
<v Speaker 3>from Doctor Strangelove.

0:08:53.600 --> 0:08:55.360
<v Speaker 2>I think he was in Tarantula. I don't know, have

0:08:55.480 --> 0:08:57.680
<v Speaker 2>my notes in front of me, but he was very prolific.

0:08:57.679 --> 0:08:58.959
<v Speaker 2>He was in a lot of stuff.

0:08:59.280 --> 0:09:01.679
<v Speaker 3>But another big guest star in this movie, though you

0:09:01.720 --> 0:09:05.160
<v Speaker 3>don't see his face, it's covered by some fibrous material.

0:09:05.360 --> 0:09:07.720
<v Speaker 3>Is Richard Keel, the guy who played Jaws in the

0:09:07.760 --> 0:09:08.800
<v Speaker 3>James Bond series.

0:09:09.600 --> 0:09:12.760
<v Speaker 2>Ah, he's just doing a basic big man monster role

0:09:12.800 --> 0:09:13.120
<v Speaker 2>in this.

0:09:13.240 --> 0:09:18.000
<v Speaker 3>Right, Yeah, he's Ega. He's a soggy ega in So

0:09:18.080 --> 0:09:21.760
<v Speaker 3>to summarize the episode, it's called the Spanish Moss Murders,

0:09:22.440 --> 0:09:25.320
<v Speaker 3>and it starts with Kolchak intercepting a call in his

0:09:25.360 --> 0:09:28.160
<v Speaker 3>police radio to the scene of a murder in a

0:09:28.160 --> 0:09:31.400
<v Speaker 3>fancy French restaurant. He makes some joke about the wine

0:09:31.480 --> 0:09:35.440
<v Speaker 3>cellar of this restaurant having more than being worth more

0:09:35.559 --> 0:09:39.920
<v Speaker 3>than the entire gross domestic product of Paraguay, which I

0:09:40.000 --> 0:09:41.880
<v Speaker 3>looked that up and that would make it worth like

0:09:41.920 --> 0:09:44.280
<v Speaker 3>billions of dollars at the time, So I think that's

0:09:44.280 --> 0:09:47.600
<v Speaker 3>a little bit of an exaggeration. But anyway, the head

0:09:47.679 --> 0:09:50.560
<v Speaker 3>chef of this restaurant has been slain right in the

0:09:50.559 --> 0:09:53.200
<v Speaker 3>middle of the restaurant kitchen. His body's lying there on

0:09:53.200 --> 0:09:55.679
<v Speaker 3>the floor between the prep tables and all that. And

0:09:55.720 --> 0:09:58.000
<v Speaker 3>not only has he been killed, but his body was

0:09:58.000 --> 0:10:02.000
<v Speaker 3>found in a particularly groo some state, with its chest

0:10:02.040 --> 0:10:05.440
<v Speaker 3>cavity crushed like a beer can on top of that,

0:10:05.800 --> 0:10:09.640
<v Speaker 3>there is some kind of weird, wet vegetable matter scattered

0:10:09.679 --> 0:10:12.960
<v Speaker 3>around the crime scene, described by one character as quote

0:10:13.160 --> 0:10:17.560
<v Speaker 3>green glop, and the police sagely conclude that the plant

0:10:17.559 --> 0:10:21.080
<v Speaker 3>matter must be salad. They were in a restaurant after all.

0:10:21.400 --> 0:10:25.640
<v Speaker 2>All right, solid police work, right, Yeah.

0:10:24.440 --> 0:10:26.960
<v Speaker 3>I think Rob, you've seen more Culchak than me. Is

0:10:26.960 --> 0:10:29.320
<v Speaker 3>this a theme that like the police don't know what

0:10:29.360 --> 0:10:31.680
<v Speaker 3>they're doing and Colchak has to be the one to

0:10:31.679 --> 0:10:32.560
<v Speaker 3>figure everything out.

0:10:33.120 --> 0:10:35.760
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I vaguely remember this being the case. You know,

0:10:35.800 --> 0:10:38.320
<v Speaker 2>it's like you need an outside thinker because you know

0:10:38.360 --> 0:10:40.880
<v Speaker 2>the police they're doing they're doing a good job. They're

0:10:40.920 --> 0:10:44.160
<v Speaker 2>you know, they're not incompetent in this show, but they're

0:10:44.240 --> 0:10:48.479
<v Speaker 2>used to dealing with normal crimes. Yeah, Cold Shack's expertise

0:10:48.520 --> 0:10:51.320
<v Speaker 2>comes into play when we're dealing with supernatural crimes.

0:10:51.800 --> 0:10:55.359
<v Speaker 3>So Colchak is on the case. Through some crafty investigation

0:10:55.559 --> 0:11:00.120
<v Speaker 3>involving trickery and trespassing, Colchack starts to piece together a

0:11:00.679 --> 0:11:04.320
<v Speaker 3>perplexing set of facts connecting a number of different crimes together.

0:11:04.840 --> 0:11:09.160
<v Speaker 3>People all crushed or killed by severe blunt force trauma

0:11:09.200 --> 0:11:13.120
<v Speaker 3>to the thorax, all with the same green glop found

0:11:13.160 --> 0:11:16.240
<v Speaker 3>around their bodies, and after a visit to a local

0:11:16.280 --> 0:11:20.400
<v Speaker 3>botanical garden, Kolchak is able to ascertain the origin of

0:11:20.440 --> 0:11:24.680
<v Speaker 3>the green glop. It is Spanish moss, which only grows,

0:11:24.760 --> 0:11:28.600
<v Speaker 3>he's told in hot and humid conditions nowhere around Chicago,

0:11:29.040 --> 0:11:31.559
<v Speaker 3>outside of a greenhouse. And I have to make a

0:11:31.600 --> 0:11:36.280
<v Speaker 3>little observation. Spanish moss is not like usually wet and soggy.

0:11:36.440 --> 0:11:39.120
<v Speaker 3>So I think I don't know how much experience the

0:11:39.120 --> 0:11:42.640
<v Speaker 3>writers here had with actual Spanish moss, which is consistently

0:11:42.679 --> 0:11:47.160
<v Speaker 3>described in this more like they're talking about algae.

0:11:47.760 --> 0:11:50.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, Yeah, that is weird, isn't it. Yeah, maybe they

0:11:50.280 --> 0:11:52.320
<v Speaker 2>just hadn't been really exposed to it. But yeah, I

0:11:52.360 --> 0:11:55.280
<v Speaker 2>don't think of Spanish moss as being humid and wet

0:11:55.360 --> 0:11:57.400
<v Speaker 2>and drippy and gloppy and so forth.

0:11:57.720 --> 0:12:01.840
<v Speaker 3>It's actually rather dry and crispy. In fact, famously, I

0:12:01.880 --> 0:12:05.319
<v Speaker 3>know I was reading about there was one huge historical

0:12:05.440 --> 0:12:09.040
<v Speaker 3>fire that was started when some Spanish moss caught fire.

0:12:09.240 --> 0:12:12.880
<v Speaker 3>It was the Great Fire of nineteen oh one in Jacksonville, Florida,

0:12:13.320 --> 0:12:18.360
<v Speaker 3>which a huge fire that was started outside a factory

0:12:18.400 --> 0:12:22.120
<v Speaker 3>that was putting stuffing inside of upholstery for furniture, I think,

0:12:22.400 --> 0:12:25.439
<v Speaker 3>and the stuffing they were using was Spanish moss. There

0:12:25.440 --> 0:12:27.800
<v Speaker 3>were piles of it that I guess we're sitting there

0:12:27.840 --> 0:12:31.280
<v Speaker 3>to dry or sitting out ready to be stuffed into things.

0:12:31.520 --> 0:12:36.400
<v Speaker 3>Some of it caught fire and it caused this giant conflagration. Anyway,

0:12:36.440 --> 0:12:40.640
<v Speaker 3>back to colchak, investigation of one victim leads him to

0:12:40.760 --> 0:12:46.080
<v Speaker 3>the victim's workplace, a university sleep laboratory, where the professor

0:12:46.240 --> 0:12:49.960
<v Speaker 3>and his assistants are running an experimental treatment on a

0:12:50.000 --> 0:12:54.880
<v Speaker 3>man with severe narcolepsy by keeping him in an induced coma.

0:12:55.440 --> 0:12:59.200
<v Speaker 3>Colchak learns that the murder victim was an assistant in

0:12:59.240 --> 0:13:01.800
<v Speaker 3>the lab who was known for her clumsiness, one time

0:13:01.920 --> 0:13:05.000
<v Speaker 3>nearly waking up their test subject when she knocked over

0:13:05.120 --> 0:13:10.160
<v Speaker 3>some apparatus in the room. Beyond that, other murder victims

0:13:10.360 --> 0:13:13.680
<v Speaker 3>seem to have some connection to a social group of

0:13:13.880 --> 0:13:18.160
<v Speaker 3>Cajun street musicians who are all originally from Louisiana Bayou

0:13:18.200 --> 0:13:21.640
<v Speaker 3>Country and have moved up to the Chicago area. Kolchak

0:13:21.720 --> 0:13:24.760
<v Speaker 3>learns from one of their associates the story of a

0:13:24.800 --> 0:13:29.840
<v Speaker 3>bogeyman figure from Bayou folklore known as Paramoulfay or the

0:13:29.960 --> 0:13:33.280
<v Speaker 3>evil father. All the Cajuns would joke to each other,

0:13:33.320 --> 0:13:36.040
<v Speaker 3>you better watch out or Paramoufay is going to get you.

0:13:36.840 --> 0:13:39.360
<v Speaker 3>And the stories go that Para Malfay has lived in

0:13:39.400 --> 0:13:42.920
<v Speaker 3>the swamp since long before the Cajuns arrived. He's wet,

0:13:43.040 --> 0:13:46.680
<v Speaker 3>he's covered in rot, and festooned with Spanish moss from

0:13:46.720 --> 0:13:49.679
<v Speaker 3>head to toe. Mothers warn their children that if they

0:13:49.720 --> 0:13:53.400
<v Speaker 3>get out of line, Paramoufay will squeeze the life right

0:13:53.440 --> 0:13:55.840
<v Speaker 3>out of them, and the only way to beat him

0:13:56.200 --> 0:13:58.800
<v Speaker 3>is to stab him with a steak from a Bayou

0:13:58.920 --> 0:14:03.720
<v Speaker 3>gum tree. Kolchak gets another piece of the puzzle. A

0:14:03.760 --> 0:14:07.520
<v Speaker 3>prime suspect emerges in several of the murders, a man

0:14:07.640 --> 0:14:10.640
<v Speaker 3>named Languis who is known to have a grudge against

0:14:10.640 --> 0:14:14.679
<v Speaker 3>several of the victims, but he has a rock solid alibi.

0:14:15.360 --> 0:14:18.560
<v Speaker 3>He is the man who has been in an induced

0:14:18.640 --> 0:14:21.840
<v Speaker 3>coma in the sleep laboratory, so he's being monitored twenty

0:14:21.880 --> 0:14:24.080
<v Speaker 3>four to seven. There's no way he could have done

0:14:24.120 --> 0:14:27.880
<v Speaker 3>the murders because he never left the lab he's been asleep. Finally,

0:14:28.000 --> 0:14:30.920
<v Speaker 3>Colchak pieces it all together. He discovers the truth the

0:14:31.000 --> 0:14:34.400
<v Speaker 3>murders are being carried out by the sleeping man, but

0:14:34.600 --> 0:14:39.880
<v Speaker 3>not physically. He is dreaming people to death. His experimental

0:14:39.920 --> 0:14:44.560
<v Speaker 3>coma is preventing him from dreaming normally. I guess the

0:14:44.640 --> 0:14:47.320
<v Speaker 3>drug regimen that the scientists are giving him is doing

0:14:47.320 --> 0:14:50.320
<v Speaker 3>something to his ability to dream, and so his dreams

0:14:50.400 --> 0:14:54.880
<v Speaker 3>are escaping his mind and becoming a physical entity in

0:14:54.920 --> 0:14:57.960
<v Speaker 3>the form of the swamp monster paramou Fay.

0:14:58.840 --> 0:15:02.640
<v Speaker 2>So it's a sleep dream manifestation, kind of a.

0:15:02.560 --> 0:15:05.760
<v Speaker 3>Toolpot exactly, and in the form of the bay U

0:15:05.800 --> 0:15:10.640
<v Speaker 3>boogeyman covered in Spanish moss that this sleep subject grew

0:15:10.720 --> 0:15:13.840
<v Speaker 3>up hearing about. So I guess presumably the monster in

0:15:13.920 --> 0:15:16.320
<v Speaker 3>this story could have been anything. It could have been

0:15:16.400 --> 0:15:19.360
<v Speaker 3>whatever it was that this man had in his mind.

0:15:19.440 --> 0:15:22.960
<v Speaker 3>But because this is the folklore he knows, it assumes

0:15:23.040 --> 0:15:25.960
<v Speaker 3>this form. It's kind of like Wes Craven's New Nightmare.

0:15:26.080 --> 0:15:29.680
<v Speaker 3>You know, there's an entity that could take any form.

0:15:29.760 --> 0:15:31.880
<v Speaker 3>The form it takes is the form you imagine. So

0:15:31.960 --> 0:15:33.480
<v Speaker 3>it becomes Freddy Krueger.

0:15:33.960 --> 0:15:37.160
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, or of course reminds one of Goser as well.

0:15:37.280 --> 0:15:38.960
<v Speaker 2>Choose the form of the destructor.

0:15:39.280 --> 0:15:44.440
<v Speaker 3>Yes. So Kolchak explains his theory to the police commander

0:15:44.440 --> 0:15:48.440
<v Speaker 3>in the sleep lab. To mad Dog Captain mad Dog

0:15:49.120 --> 0:15:52.080
<v Speaker 3>Keenan Wynn here and the professor is ordered to wake

0:15:52.160 --> 0:15:54.480
<v Speaker 3>up the test subject in order to stop the mayhem.

0:15:54.680 --> 0:15:57.880
<v Speaker 3>But it doesn't work. Langua will not wake up, and

0:15:57.960 --> 0:16:02.160
<v Speaker 3>instead he dies. Jack thinks that, well, that's tragic, but

0:16:02.200 --> 0:16:05.040
<v Speaker 3>now at least the trouble is over, until he discovers

0:16:05.080 --> 0:16:08.760
<v Speaker 3>water and Spanish moss in his desk drawers. He thinks

0:16:08.800 --> 0:16:10.960
<v Speaker 3>that there's like that the ceiling. The plumbing in the

0:16:11.440 --> 0:16:14.480
<v Speaker 3>ceiling is leaking, and that's why there's water everywhere. But nope,

0:16:15.120 --> 0:16:20.000
<v Speaker 3>Paramoulfa has been stalking around his desk in the newspaper office,

0:16:20.280 --> 0:16:23.680
<v Speaker 3>and this seems to mean that Paramoufay has escaped his host.

0:16:24.120 --> 0:16:28.040
<v Speaker 3>Even though the dreamer is dead, the dream lives on independently,

0:16:28.440 --> 0:16:31.360
<v Speaker 3>and now the dream knows the reporter is on to him.

0:16:31.880 --> 0:16:34.520
<v Speaker 3>In the end, Kolchak has to confront the monster by

0:16:34.560 --> 0:16:37.400
<v Speaker 3>tracking it to the sewers and staking it with a

0:16:37.440 --> 0:16:40.840
<v Speaker 3>bayou gum tree branch that he stole from the botanical garden.

0:16:41.880 --> 0:16:44.440
<v Speaker 3>The sewer confrontation, I feel like, is a little anti

0:16:44.440 --> 0:16:47.800
<v Speaker 3>climactic for me because you never get a great, great

0:16:47.840 --> 0:16:50.360
<v Speaker 3>look at the monster. He's kind of a big shaggy

0:16:50.560 --> 0:16:53.040
<v Speaker 3>vegetable sasquatch played by Richard Keel.

0:16:54.160 --> 0:16:58.000
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. I mean, the lighting's pretty good, so it's not unforgiving,

0:16:58.120 --> 0:17:02.280
<v Speaker 2>but yeah, it's a bit dark. I mean, it's obviously

0:17:02.360 --> 0:17:06.040
<v Speaker 2>not the most robust monster costume ever committed to film.

0:17:06.119 --> 0:17:08.640
<v Speaker 3>But I love the concept of the monster, even if

0:17:08.640 --> 0:17:11.280
<v Speaker 3>it's not the most impressive looking thing I've ever seen.

0:17:12.160 --> 0:17:16.159
<v Speaker 3>The idea of this shaggy creature dreamed into existence and

0:17:16.320 --> 0:17:20.480
<v Speaker 3>covered head to toe in Spanish moss, just a shambling

0:17:20.960 --> 0:17:22.320
<v Speaker 3>mess of plant matter.

0:17:23.200 --> 0:17:26.560
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I think it's a It's an admirable plot. It

0:17:27.119 --> 0:17:29.080
<v Speaker 2>all fit, all the pieces fit together, and then at

0:17:29.080 --> 0:17:32.359
<v Speaker 2>the same time it feels wild and weird enough that

0:17:32.400 --> 0:17:35.800
<v Speaker 2>it could have been a symbol via like an improv

0:17:35.920 --> 0:17:40.359
<v Speaker 2>theater audience shout out plot elements, like all right, what

0:17:40.359 --> 0:17:43.159
<v Speaker 2>do we have? Okay here, I hear rim sleep, I

0:17:43.240 --> 0:17:47.719
<v Speaker 2>hear Cajun boogeyman, I hear French cuisine. Okay, let's put

0:17:47.760 --> 0:17:48.640
<v Speaker 2>all this together.

0:17:50.520 --> 0:17:54.920
<v Speaker 3>Now. I was really hoping to discover that Paramolfa would

0:17:54.920 --> 0:17:57.400
<v Speaker 3>be a real piece of Bayou lore that I could

0:17:57.440 --> 0:17:59.919
<v Speaker 3>dig into, but alas I came up short on this.

0:18:01.000 --> 0:18:03.480
<v Speaker 3>All the sources I could find that looked solid at

0:18:03.520 --> 0:18:06.720
<v Speaker 3>all seem to trace back to the Culchak episode. There

0:18:06.760 --> 0:18:11.160
<v Speaker 3>are some websites that claim Paramol Fay is an independent

0:18:11.200 --> 0:18:14.320
<v Speaker 3>folk tale, but they don't cite any sources and they're

0:18:14.320 --> 0:18:16.959
<v Speaker 3>just kind of websites. So I don't know. I couldn't

0:18:17.000 --> 0:18:20.040
<v Speaker 3>find anything that looks solid that says this is an

0:18:20.200 --> 0:18:24.800
<v Speaker 3>actual story that goes anywhere back further than the TV show,

0:18:25.080 --> 0:18:27.200
<v Speaker 3>So I can't say for certain, but I will say

0:18:27.240 --> 0:18:29.919
<v Speaker 3>my best judgment is it looks to me like this

0:18:29.960 --> 0:18:32.600
<v Speaker 3>creature was invented for the show, though I think it

0:18:32.680 --> 0:18:36.120
<v Speaker 3>may be based on existing folk beliefs. There are many

0:18:36.160 --> 0:18:39.480
<v Speaker 3>monsters of the swamp. One example that it could be

0:18:39.520 --> 0:18:42.199
<v Speaker 3>based on would be like the rugaroo, sort of a

0:18:42.240 --> 0:18:44.320
<v Speaker 3>Francophone American werewolf legend.

0:18:45.240 --> 0:18:50.120
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I think the rugaru connection is pretty solid here. Which,

0:18:50.160 --> 0:18:52.120
<v Speaker 2>by the way, if you ever go to the zoo,

0:18:52.119 --> 0:18:54.480
<v Speaker 2>the Audubon Zoo down in New Orleans, they have one

0:18:55.240 --> 0:18:59.320
<v Speaker 2>on display. That's a lot of fun. But yeah, I

0:19:00.040 --> 0:19:02.480
<v Speaker 2>feel like vay connection to that creature, like maybe that

0:19:02.680 --> 0:19:06.000
<v Speaker 2>was even the original concept. And they're like, we have

0:19:06.040 --> 0:19:08.280
<v Speaker 2>another episode that has a werewolf in it. Let's go

0:19:08.359 --> 0:19:11.840
<v Speaker 2>a different direction here. I didn't do an exhaustive search.

0:19:12.000 --> 0:19:14.000
<v Speaker 2>It seems like you went a lot deeper. But I

0:19:14.040 --> 0:19:17.359
<v Speaker 2>did crack open Carol Rose's books and see if she

0:19:17.480 --> 0:19:20.359
<v Speaker 2>had any mention. The only the closest thing she mentions

0:19:20.440 --> 0:19:25.560
<v Speaker 2>is a different supernatural father, and that's Pierre Futard or

0:19:25.640 --> 0:19:29.199
<v Speaker 2>Father Spanker, which is a French kind of uger character

0:19:29.280 --> 0:19:33.360
<v Speaker 2>that's also a monstrous Christmas kind of crampist creature that's

0:19:33.600 --> 0:19:38.280
<v Speaker 2>a counterpart to Father Christmas. So she doesn't listen any

0:19:38.520 --> 0:19:42.800
<v Speaker 2>kind of you know, swamp Spanish moss creature. So I

0:19:43.040 --> 0:19:45.080
<v Speaker 2>think you're right. I think it's an invention for the show,

0:19:45.119 --> 0:19:48.280
<v Speaker 2>but a fun invention and one that feels like it

0:19:48.320 --> 0:19:50.200
<v Speaker 2>could be real enough. So there you go.

0:19:51.280 --> 0:19:56.639
<v Speaker 3>Yes, Now, what about the monstrous qualities of Spanish moss itself?

0:19:56.720 --> 0:20:00.080
<v Speaker 3>I wanted to get a bit into this here. The

0:20:00.119 --> 0:20:03.760
<v Speaker 3>funny thing about Spanish moss, most scientific sources will acknowledge

0:20:03.840 --> 0:20:05.800
<v Speaker 3>this right at the top, is that it is neither

0:20:05.920 --> 0:20:09.960
<v Speaker 3>Spanish nor is it moss, which is pretty funny. But

0:20:10.000 --> 0:20:12.960
<v Speaker 3>I'll deal with those one at a time. So regarding moss,

0:20:13.240 --> 0:20:18.240
<v Speaker 3>the species name of Spanish moss is Telanzia eucinioides, and

0:20:18.359 --> 0:20:23.880
<v Speaker 3>it's taxonomized within the flowering plant family Bromeliacee, also known

0:20:23.880 --> 0:20:27.720
<v Speaker 3>as the bromeliads, along with the pineapple plants. So Spanish

0:20:27.800 --> 0:20:31.600
<v Speaker 3>moss is a cousin to the pineapple And I feel

0:20:31.600 --> 0:20:33.080
<v Speaker 3>like you can almost see it, Like if you get

0:20:33.160 --> 0:20:35.480
<v Speaker 3>up real close to Spanish moss and you look at

0:20:35.520 --> 0:20:39.280
<v Speaker 3>the weird curling stalks and leaves that kind of remind

0:20:39.320 --> 0:20:42.320
<v Speaker 3>me of pineapple leaves in a strange way. They're obviously

0:20:42.400 --> 0:20:45.520
<v Speaker 3>much smaller, but you can almost see the family resemblance.

0:20:45.880 --> 0:20:48.000
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I'm looking at some close up pictures right now,

0:20:48.119 --> 0:20:50.200
<v Speaker 2>and yeah, I can lean into that.

0:20:50.600 --> 0:20:54.520
<v Speaker 3>True mosses, of course, are more distantly related. They belong

0:20:54.600 --> 0:20:59.199
<v Speaker 3>to a division of non vascular, non flowering plants called Bryophytes.

0:20:59.440 --> 0:21:03.359
<v Speaker 3>Spanish is not a moss at all. It's also not Spanish.

0:21:03.400 --> 0:21:07.000
<v Speaker 3>It is native to north, South and Central America, so

0:21:07.240 --> 0:21:10.399
<v Speaker 3>in the United States it's only found in the south

0:21:10.560 --> 0:21:13.760
<v Speaker 3>along the Gulf Coast and up the East coast to

0:21:13.840 --> 0:21:17.359
<v Speaker 3>around Virginia. Chicago is no place for a Spanish moss

0:21:17.400 --> 0:21:18.040
<v Speaker 3>man to thrive.

0:21:18.480 --> 0:21:21.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. When I think Spanish moss, I always instantly think Savannah, Georgia,

0:21:22.000 --> 0:21:24.800
<v Speaker 2>because we have some some beautiful examples of it there,

0:21:24.920 --> 0:21:29.280
<v Speaker 2>especially in the out there in amid the tombstones.

0:21:29.720 --> 0:21:32.560
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, in North America, it's going to be, especially in

0:21:32.680 --> 0:21:37.440
<v Speaker 3>like coastal areas around the American South. But if it's

0:21:37.480 --> 0:21:41.120
<v Speaker 3>not Spanish in origin, why is it called Spanish moss?

0:21:41.400 --> 0:21:43.200
<v Speaker 3>You know a lot of things just have like a

0:21:44.080 --> 0:21:46.480
<v Speaker 3>country name applied to them and they're not from that

0:21:46.520 --> 0:21:48.399
<v Speaker 3>country at all, And this is one of those cases.

0:21:48.440 --> 0:21:51.840
<v Speaker 3>The origin story that I've seen most attested here is

0:21:51.920 --> 0:21:55.879
<v Speaker 3>that the naming convention comes from early French explorers in

0:21:56.640 --> 0:21:59.200
<v Speaker 3>the Americas who thought that the plant looked like the

0:21:59.240 --> 0:22:03.000
<v Speaker 3>big beer words of Spanish conquistadors, so they called the

0:22:03.000 --> 0:22:04.800
<v Speaker 3>plant Spanish beard.

0:22:06.359 --> 0:22:09.560
<v Speaker 2>Well, that's another reason that one might lean into creating

0:22:09.560 --> 0:22:12.080
<v Speaker 2>a monster based on it, right, because it's already compared

0:22:12.119 --> 0:22:16.440
<v Speaker 2>to a part of a person's look in general features.

0:22:16.760 --> 0:22:18.240
<v Speaker 3>That's true. I want to get back to that in

0:22:18.240 --> 0:22:21.240
<v Speaker 3>a minute now. An interesting thing that makes Spanish moss

0:22:21.280 --> 0:22:24.840
<v Speaker 3>different as a plant is that it is an epiphyte,

0:22:25.080 --> 0:22:29.360
<v Speaker 3>which means an organism that grows on other plants. Epi

0:22:29.400 --> 0:22:33.000
<v Speaker 3>means on top of fight means plant. So it's an epiphyte.

0:22:33.520 --> 0:22:35.600
<v Speaker 3>If you've ever seen it in the wild before, You've

0:22:35.640 --> 0:22:39.040
<v Speaker 3>probably seen it hanging off of the limbs of trees,

0:22:39.160 --> 0:22:43.880
<v Speaker 3>especially trees like live oak and cyprus. Now you might assume,

0:22:44.119 --> 0:22:46.760
<v Speaker 3>just by looking at it dangling off of tree limbs

0:22:46.800 --> 0:22:50.160
<v Speaker 3>the way it does, that Spanish moss is a parasite

0:22:50.320 --> 0:22:53.360
<v Speaker 3>killing the tree that hosts it. And you also might

0:22:53.400 --> 0:22:56.919
<v Speaker 3>remember the botanical body horror that we talked about in

0:22:56.960 --> 0:23:00.840
<v Speaker 3>our episodes on mistletoe from several years back. In that case,

0:23:01.720 --> 0:23:05.000
<v Speaker 3>one that is totally going Cronenberg on its host plant,

0:23:05.280 --> 0:23:07.840
<v Speaker 3>that seems not to be the case with Spanish moss.

0:23:08.359 --> 0:23:10.520
<v Speaker 3>A lot of sources flatly state that it is just

0:23:10.640 --> 0:23:13.880
<v Speaker 3>not parasitic at all. It does no harm to the tree.

0:23:14.119 --> 0:23:17.720
<v Speaker 3>According to this opinion, it would probably be best considered a

0:23:17.760 --> 0:23:20.760
<v Speaker 3>commensal organism, So in this case, the idea would be

0:23:20.760 --> 0:23:24.720
<v Speaker 3>Spanish moss benefits the tree is unaffected. However, it seems

0:23:24.760 --> 0:23:28.840
<v Speaker 3>to me like the exact symbiotic equation is perhaps debatable,

0:23:29.720 --> 0:23:33.880
<v Speaker 3>and some sources say Spanish moss might have a mild

0:23:33.960 --> 0:23:37.320
<v Speaker 3>negative effect on the host tree, possibly just by blocking

0:23:37.440 --> 0:23:39.960
<v Speaker 3>sun from reaching some of its lower leaves or something

0:23:40.000 --> 0:23:43.359
<v Speaker 3>like that. But it's not like drilling into the host

0:23:43.480 --> 0:23:46.879
<v Speaker 3>tree and sucking it, sucking nutrients out of its sucking

0:23:46.920 --> 0:23:50.160
<v Speaker 3>water out of its vascular system, and stuff like that

0:23:50.200 --> 0:23:51.560
<v Speaker 3>the way that mistletoe does.

0:23:52.240 --> 0:23:52.320
<v Speaker 1>So.

0:23:52.520 --> 0:23:55.879
<v Speaker 3>According to most sources, at least, Spanish moss is probably

0:23:55.960 --> 0:23:58.760
<v Speaker 3>not a parasite. It's certainly not an obligate parasite, though

0:23:58.800 --> 0:24:01.240
<v Speaker 3>it seems to prefer tree. I think you can see

0:24:01.280 --> 0:24:05.840
<v Speaker 3>it sometimes growing on other substrates, even inanimate ones. And

0:24:05.880 --> 0:24:09.520
<v Speaker 3>it does not leach sustenance directly from its host tree.

0:24:10.000 --> 0:24:12.840
<v Speaker 3>So if it doesn't act like a vampire to the

0:24:12.840 --> 0:24:15.959
<v Speaker 3>host tree, and it doesn't have roots going into the ground,

0:24:16.320 --> 0:24:19.240
<v Speaker 3>how does it get its water and mineral nutrients which

0:24:19.240 --> 0:24:23.160
<v Speaker 3>plants need. Well, it gets these things from the air.

0:24:23.760 --> 0:24:27.400
<v Speaker 3>Spanish moss is an air plant, so it absorbs moisture

0:24:27.560 --> 0:24:31.840
<v Speaker 3>from the air using little scales on its leaves called trichomes.

0:24:32.400 --> 0:24:36.439
<v Speaker 3>So when rainfalls or when fog swirls, when mists rises

0:24:36.480 --> 0:24:39.240
<v Speaker 3>off the ground, the Spanish moss will be there waiting

0:24:39.280 --> 0:24:43.639
<v Speaker 3>to get its cut. And as this tangled, shaggy collection

0:24:43.920 --> 0:24:48.280
<v Speaker 3>of hair like leaves, these fibers, all winding together, it

0:24:48.320 --> 0:24:51.280
<v Speaker 3>does have a very uncanny appearance. It can form these

0:24:51.320 --> 0:24:54.919
<v Speaker 3>ghostly drooping masses like the wispy hair of a witch,

0:24:55.920 --> 0:24:59.119
<v Speaker 3>or like old bits of cobweb tangled up in the branches.

0:24:59.160 --> 0:25:02.360
<v Speaker 3>But if you look close, the structure is interesting. Rob

0:25:02.400 --> 0:25:04.720
<v Speaker 3>I've got some pictures for you to examine here. People

0:25:04.800 --> 0:25:07.399
<v Speaker 3>at home, you might want to look up close ups

0:25:07.440 --> 0:25:11.240
<v Speaker 3>of Spanish moss, especially to see the tri combes. If

0:25:11.240 --> 0:25:15.120
<v Speaker 3>you see magnified images, like through a microscope, you can

0:25:15.160 --> 0:25:18.879
<v Speaker 3>see all these little these little scales lifting up like

0:25:19.040 --> 0:25:22.360
<v Speaker 3>flaps off of the surface of the leaves.

0:25:23.400 --> 0:25:25.800
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. Yeah, it's very intricate.

0:25:25.640 --> 0:25:28.520
<v Speaker 3>And these scales are what the plant uses to trap

0:25:28.640 --> 0:25:31.960
<v Speaker 3>moisture from the air. However, that means that in order

0:25:32.000 --> 0:25:35.199
<v Speaker 3>to survive, the Spanish moss does need what will at

0:25:35.359 --> 0:25:39.280
<v Speaker 3>least at some point be a warm, sunny, humid environment. So,

0:25:39.320 --> 0:25:41.560
<v Speaker 3>as Colchak discovered, you're not going to find it growing

0:25:41.600 --> 0:25:45.320
<v Speaker 3>around Chicago, except maybe in a steamy sewer, though I

0:25:45.320 --> 0:25:49.320
<v Speaker 3>guess there it wouldn't have access to the sun. But

0:25:49.440 --> 0:25:52.240
<v Speaker 3>during cold and dry times it can apparently go dormant,

0:25:52.800 --> 0:25:55.040
<v Speaker 3>so it can kind of like keep the water that

0:25:55.119 --> 0:25:57.880
<v Speaker 3>it has stored just kind of close up and then

0:25:57.960 --> 0:26:02.000
<v Speaker 3>wade out dry times, but it will eventually need favorable

0:26:02.040 --> 0:26:05.320
<v Speaker 3>conditions to come back, and the tricombes are also used

0:26:05.680 --> 0:26:09.160
<v Speaker 3>to trap mineral and chemical nutrients that the plant needs.

0:26:09.200 --> 0:26:11.800
<v Speaker 3>Those can be dissolved in the water that it absorbs,

0:26:11.920 --> 0:26:14.240
<v Speaker 3>or it can I've read also that it can sort

0:26:14.280 --> 0:26:17.760
<v Speaker 3>of like just catch debris from the air. It can

0:26:17.800 --> 0:26:20.960
<v Speaker 3>catch dust, bird droppings, whatever, and try to make use

0:26:21.000 --> 0:26:25.480
<v Speaker 3>of that for its nutrients. Now, because Spanish moss has

0:26:25.560 --> 0:26:28.560
<v Speaker 3>to survive by trapping whatever water vapor is in the

0:26:28.640 --> 0:26:32.840
<v Speaker 3>air for some monstrous flavor, we can call this breathing fog.

0:26:32.960 --> 0:26:36.280
<v Speaker 3>Because it has to breathe fog. You might imagine that

0:26:36.400 --> 0:26:39.800
<v Speaker 3>water is precious to it. What little it can get

0:26:40.119 --> 0:26:44.800
<v Speaker 3>must be preserved. But plants also need to breathe in

0:26:44.840 --> 0:26:47.800
<v Speaker 3>a way in order to perform photosynthesis. In order to

0:26:47.840 --> 0:26:51.879
<v Speaker 3>power their metabolism, they have to exchange gases with the atmosphere,

0:26:51.920 --> 0:26:55.400
<v Speaker 3>taking in carbon dioxide and water and then using sunlight

0:26:55.480 --> 0:26:58.680
<v Speaker 3>to power that chemical reaction that generates the carbohydrates for

0:26:58.720 --> 0:27:01.560
<v Speaker 3>the plant, and then of course oxygen as a waste product,

0:27:01.560 --> 0:27:05.720
<v Speaker 3>which is useful to us. But breathing exchanging gases with

0:27:05.760 --> 0:27:08.879
<v Speaker 3>the atmosphere can be dangerous when you are living on

0:27:08.960 --> 0:27:11.520
<v Speaker 3>a razor's edge of hydration when you have to get

0:27:11.560 --> 0:27:15.040
<v Speaker 3>all of your water out of the air itself. And specifically,

0:27:15.040 --> 0:27:18.640
<v Speaker 3>the danger comes when a plant opens the little holes

0:27:18.680 --> 0:27:22.600
<v Speaker 3>in its leaves called stomata to absorb CO two from

0:27:22.640 --> 0:27:25.400
<v Speaker 3>the atmosphere. When it opens up like that, it can

0:27:25.520 --> 0:27:30.879
<v Speaker 3>lose moisture through those little openings, especially under a hot sun.

0:27:31.680 --> 0:27:36.560
<v Speaker 3>So Spanish moss uses a specially evolved type of photosynthesis

0:27:36.600 --> 0:27:42.760
<v Speaker 3>to avoid this. It's called crass Eulacian acid metabolism photosynthesis

0:27:42.840 --> 0:27:47.000
<v Speaker 3>usually CAM photosynthesis for short, and this is an adaptation

0:27:47.160 --> 0:27:51.280
<v Speaker 3>found in plants that survive in especially arid conditions. Under

0:27:51.320 --> 0:27:56.119
<v Speaker 3>this regime photosynthesis it actually has two phases. There's a

0:27:56.200 --> 0:27:59.320
<v Speaker 3>day cycle and a night cycle. So during the day,

0:27:59.480 --> 0:28:02.879
<v Speaker 3>when the fronment is hot and dry, the plant keeps

0:28:02.880 --> 0:28:06.280
<v Speaker 3>its stomata closed so it doesn't lose water through the

0:28:06.280 --> 0:28:10.760
<v Speaker 3>holes under the burning sun. But nighttime is the right time.

0:28:10.880 --> 0:28:14.040
<v Speaker 3>When the sun goes down, the stomata open up and

0:28:14.080 --> 0:28:18.320
<v Speaker 3>they absorb CO two and you specially adapted structure chemical

0:28:18.320 --> 0:28:21.520
<v Speaker 3>structures in their cells to fix the CO two and

0:28:21.680 --> 0:28:25.720
<v Speaker 3>store it until daytime. Then when the sun comes back up,

0:28:25.760 --> 0:28:29.880
<v Speaker 3>the stomata close once again, and the plant cells release

0:28:30.080 --> 0:28:34.560
<v Speaker 3>the stored co two harvested during the night for photosynthesis

0:28:34.600 --> 0:28:37.760
<v Speaker 3>to take place under the sunlight. So you could argue

0:28:37.800 --> 0:28:41.920
<v Speaker 3>that Spanish moss feeds by night and then closes the

0:28:41.960 --> 0:28:44.600
<v Speaker 3>coffin lid to digest during the cursed daylight.

0:28:45.400 --> 0:28:48.640
<v Speaker 2>Ooh, very nice. That's seasonally appropriate right there.

0:28:49.280 --> 0:28:51.560
<v Speaker 3>So actually, I think Spanish moss is the is the

0:28:51.640 --> 0:28:53.800
<v Speaker 3>perfect thing to cover the body of a monster that

0:28:53.920 --> 0:28:55.040
<v Speaker 3>roams in the nighttime.

0:28:56.360 --> 0:28:56.520
<v Speaker 2>Though.

0:28:56.920 --> 0:28:59.000
<v Speaker 3>You know, something that just occurred to me about the

0:28:59.040 --> 0:29:02.720
<v Speaker 3>episode is how come the monster in Kolchak always attacks

0:29:02.720 --> 0:29:05.160
<v Speaker 3>in the night. The guy is sleeping all day in

0:29:05.240 --> 0:29:07.600
<v Speaker 3>all night, so shouldn't he sometimes be dreaming it during

0:29:07.640 --> 0:29:08.320
<v Speaker 3>the daytime?

0:29:09.400 --> 0:29:13.480
<v Speaker 2>Unless he's aware of how cam photosynthesis works. You know,

0:29:14.160 --> 0:29:15.800
<v Speaker 2>it's a shame they didn't go into all this in

0:29:15.840 --> 0:29:20.200
<v Speaker 2>the episode, because Darren McGavin could have been like, cam photosynthesis?

0:29:20.240 --> 0:29:21.360
<v Speaker 2>Is it camming right now?

0:29:24.160 --> 0:29:35.960
<v Speaker 4>That is what he'd say. Okay, Rob, are you ready

0:29:35.960 --> 0:29:36.400
<v Speaker 4>for yours?

0:29:37.040 --> 0:29:40.720
<v Speaker 2>Yeah? For mine. You know, if you've listened to the show,

0:29:40.720 --> 0:29:43.360
<v Speaker 2>and if you've listened to Weird House Cinema, you probably

0:29:43.360 --> 0:29:45.280
<v Speaker 2>know that I have a soft spot for the nineteen

0:29:45.400 --> 0:29:50.720
<v Speaker 2>nineties Outer Limits revival. They produced a ton of episodes,

0:29:50.760 --> 0:29:53.920
<v Speaker 2>more episodes of this in the original Outer Limits series.

0:29:55.040 --> 0:29:57.520
<v Speaker 2>I think they were all filmed in Canada, often used

0:29:57.680 --> 0:30:03.280
<v Speaker 2>very Canadian cruise and very Canadian casts, and of course

0:30:03.600 --> 0:30:06.440
<v Speaker 2>often dealt with you know, it was a science fiction series,

0:30:06.480 --> 0:30:10.400
<v Speaker 2>so it's more likely to involve elements that we can

0:30:10.400 --> 0:30:12.560
<v Speaker 2>discuss here on the show, as opposed to shows like

0:30:12.720 --> 0:30:14.360
<v Speaker 2>Night Gallery or Tales from the Crypt.

0:30:14.920 --> 0:30:17.440
<v Speaker 3>What little of the nineties Outer Limits I've seen is

0:30:17.520 --> 0:30:20.360
<v Speaker 3>mostly stuff that you've referred me to, but by large

0:30:20.400 --> 0:30:24.520
<v Speaker 3>I'm impressed, Like, well, it's a mix of things. The

0:30:24.640 --> 0:30:28.400
<v Speaker 3>episodes don't always look the most amazing, but of the

0:30:28.400 --> 0:30:31.120
<v Speaker 3>stuff I've seen, typically the writing and the acting is

0:30:31.200 --> 0:30:31.920
<v Speaker 3>quite solid.

0:30:32.800 --> 0:30:35.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. Typically if you're just going in blind on a

0:30:35.280 --> 0:30:37.440
<v Speaker 2>nineties Outer Limits episode, you can expect it to be

0:30:37.480 --> 0:30:43.120
<v Speaker 2>well acted, overly serious, with a mix of solid practical effects.

0:30:43.200 --> 0:30:45.720
<v Speaker 2>Usually there's some nice sets like this is a show

0:30:45.760 --> 0:30:49.200
<v Speaker 2>that really had to think and rethink how to create

0:30:49.240 --> 0:30:54.000
<v Speaker 2>a spaceship or alien hallway multiple times per season, and

0:30:54.040 --> 0:30:57.480
<v Speaker 2>they generally did a pretty good job. The digital effects, though,

0:30:57.600 --> 0:31:00.360
<v Speaker 2>ye are generally not that great to look gap.

0:31:01.240 --> 0:31:04.240
<v Speaker 3>I'm going to say regarding the sets, it has a quality.

0:31:04.440 --> 0:31:07.520
<v Speaker 3>I don't know exactly what this is I'm noticing, but

0:31:07.600 --> 0:31:12.360
<v Speaker 3>it looks like other TV shows made in Canada in

0:31:12.440 --> 0:31:15.600
<v Speaker 3>the nineties. Like the sets remind me of the sets

0:31:15.640 --> 0:31:18.480
<v Speaker 3>from Are You Afraid of the Dark? The Nickelodeon horror

0:31:18.560 --> 0:31:22.760
<v Speaker 3>TV show with you Know shot in Canada in the nineties.

0:31:22.800 --> 0:31:25.120
<v Speaker 3>A lot of things shot in Canada in the nineties

0:31:25.440 --> 0:31:28.080
<v Speaker 3>look like this to me. Film nerds out there, tell

0:31:28.120 --> 0:31:30.520
<v Speaker 3>me what is it? I'm noticing? What is that nineties

0:31:30.560 --> 0:31:31.360
<v Speaker 3>Canada look?

0:31:32.280 --> 0:31:35.080
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, And if memory serves I may be wrong in this.

0:31:35.120 --> 0:31:38.760
<v Speaker 2>I think we filmed all these in and also around Toronto.

0:31:38.880 --> 0:31:43.680
<v Speaker 2>So you know, anytime you need like an urban environment,

0:31:43.800 --> 0:31:46.880
<v Speaker 2>you need some skyscrapers or what have you, there's a

0:31:46.880 --> 0:31:49.080
<v Speaker 2>certain mix of buildings that are going to be considered

0:31:49.120 --> 0:31:52.120
<v Speaker 2>for those shots. But an you're right, yeah, I love

0:31:52.160 --> 0:31:56.160
<v Speaker 2>the nineties Outer Limits. The lesser episodes are often going

0:31:56.240 --> 0:32:00.000
<v Speaker 2>to have a weaker message or more ham fisted message,

0:32:00.080 --> 0:32:02.720
<v Speaker 2>and the opening and closing narration can also be a

0:32:02.720 --> 0:32:05.760
<v Speaker 2>bit hammy, as it tries to like compose a really

0:32:05.840 --> 0:32:10.640
<v Speaker 2>grandiose idea for this episode that is sometimes present and

0:32:10.720 --> 0:32:12.240
<v Speaker 2>sometimes feels kind of tacked on.

0:32:12.720 --> 0:32:15.680
<v Speaker 3>I agree. I thought with this episode in particular, it

0:32:15.880 --> 0:32:18.400
<v Speaker 3>might have been better without any of the narration, because

0:32:18.400 --> 0:32:20.360
<v Speaker 3>I feel like the narration just tried to put an

0:32:20.400 --> 0:32:24.680
<v Speaker 3>overly simplistic spin on what was actually a morally complex episode.

0:32:25.080 --> 0:32:26.680
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. Like, I feel like the ending to this one,

0:32:26.880 --> 0:32:29.520
<v Speaker 2>they nailed the landing, there's no need to say, and

0:32:29.600 --> 0:32:32.239
<v Speaker 2>the plane landed successfully, and like, no, we just watched it.

0:32:32.240 --> 0:32:36.200
<v Speaker 2>It just didn't. So the episode that I selected is

0:32:36.280 --> 0:32:39.320
<v Speaker 2>from the seventh season of The Outer Limits. I believe

0:32:39.360 --> 0:32:42.800
<v Speaker 2>this is actually from two thousand and one. It is

0:32:42.840 --> 0:32:44.760
<v Speaker 2>titled Think like a Dinosaur.

0:32:45.200 --> 0:32:47.680
<v Speaker 3>You might really expect the episodes going in a different

0:32:47.760 --> 0:32:50.040
<v Speaker 3>direction than it does based on that title.

0:32:50.520 --> 0:32:53.400
<v Speaker 2>Yeah you think you think, I don't know, walk like

0:32:53.440 --> 0:33:00.000
<v Speaker 2>an Egyptian or I don't know, do the Dinosaur'll get

0:33:00.080 --> 0:33:02.920
<v Speaker 2>into what the title means. But it's based on the

0:33:03.040 --> 0:33:06.440
<v Speaker 2>nineteen ninety six Hugo winning novelette of the same name

0:33:06.880 --> 0:33:11.640
<v Speaker 2>by James Patrick Kelly. It was directed by Jorge Montesi

0:33:12.000 --> 0:33:16.360
<v Speaker 2>and it stars Enrico Colintoni. This is an actor, by

0:33:16.360 --> 0:33:19.560
<v Speaker 2>the way, who played Veronica Mar's dad on Veronica Mars

0:33:19.840 --> 0:33:23.440
<v Speaker 2>and he also played the character of mathisar in Galaxy Quest.

0:33:23.760 --> 0:33:25.960
<v Speaker 2>It also stars Linnea Sharples.

0:33:26.440 --> 0:33:29.560
<v Speaker 3>I would say Enrico Colantoni is especially good in this

0:33:29.920 --> 0:33:32.120
<v Speaker 3>I've liked him in everything I've seen him, and you know,

0:33:32.160 --> 0:33:34.320
<v Speaker 3>he's great and Veronica Mars and all that, but he

0:33:35.200 --> 0:33:38.800
<v Speaker 3>really is the heart of this episode and his performance

0:33:38.840 --> 0:33:39.480
<v Speaker 3>holds it down.

0:33:40.000 --> 0:33:43.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah yeah, maybe not on the same level as holding

0:33:43.240 --> 0:33:46.560
<v Speaker 2>it together as as Darren mcavan, but still solid, solid

0:33:46.560 --> 0:33:50.920
<v Speaker 2>performance that grounds the episode. Oh. I should also point

0:33:50.920 --> 0:33:54.000
<v Speaker 2>out if you want to watch this episode, lucky you,

0:33:54.120 --> 0:33:57.880
<v Speaker 2>because if you get Prime, this show is back on Prime.

0:33:58.800 --> 0:34:02.280
<v Speaker 2>It was on Prime like early in the pandemic, and

0:34:02.320 --> 0:34:05.240
<v Speaker 2>I watched a number of episodes like virtually with some friends.

0:34:05.280 --> 0:34:07.120
<v Speaker 2>We would do it every Monday night, and then it

0:34:07.200 --> 0:34:09.759
<v Speaker 2>vanished and we had to like watch it via like

0:34:09.840 --> 0:34:13.960
<v Speaker 2>scrambled versions on Daily Motion I think, and like sometimes

0:34:14.000 --> 0:34:18.880
<v Speaker 2>where they had it was completely the footage was backwards

0:34:19.000 --> 0:34:21.879
<v Speaker 2>or mirrored so that all the text was weird I think,

0:34:21.920 --> 0:34:24.200
<v Speaker 2>so that like it couldn't be detected by bots or

0:34:24.239 --> 0:34:28.000
<v Speaker 2>something I don't know, and the quality was suspect. But

0:34:28.080 --> 0:34:30.480
<v Speaker 2>now it's back on Prime. The quality is as good

0:34:30.480 --> 0:34:33.840
<v Speaker 2>as it's going to get for the nineties outer limits,

0:34:33.880 --> 0:34:36.200
<v Speaker 2>maybe even too good considering some of the effects.

0:34:36.560 --> 0:34:38.160
<v Speaker 3>Okay, tell us the plot, all.

0:34:38.160 --> 0:34:39.680
<v Speaker 2>Right, So what we have here is a good old

0:34:39.719 --> 0:34:45.120
<v Speaker 2>fashioned teleportation horror yarn, one of my favorite sub subgenres

0:34:45.160 --> 0:34:48.759
<v Speaker 2>of horror. So in the story, this is what the

0:34:48.800 --> 0:34:54.040
<v Speaker 2>scenario in the future a technologically advanced reptilian alien species

0:34:54.120 --> 0:34:58.719
<v Speaker 2>called the Hanen, but dubbed dinos by humans. They facilitate

0:34:58.760 --> 0:35:01.880
<v Speaker 2>a form of teleportation that has allowed human beings to

0:35:01.920 --> 0:35:05.600
<v Speaker 2>travel to new worlds and explore the wider waters of

0:35:05.640 --> 0:35:09.800
<v Speaker 2>the galaxy. Now, the process here is very clinical, presented

0:35:09.840 --> 0:35:13.880
<v Speaker 2>as something it can do undergoing anesthesia, and many humans

0:35:13.920 --> 0:35:16.800
<v Speaker 2>seem to feel a great deal of anxiety about the process,

0:35:17.360 --> 0:35:23.200
<v Speaker 2>anxiety that the emotionless pacifist Dinos do not share. So

0:35:23.320 --> 0:35:25.680
<v Speaker 2>the Dinos carry out most of the process, but a

0:35:25.760 --> 0:35:30.040
<v Speaker 2>human supervisor has to hit the final switch, because the

0:35:30.080 --> 0:35:34.480
<v Speaker 2>system works by scanning a comatose individual at point A,

0:35:35.280 --> 0:35:39.600
<v Speaker 2>sending the information of that individual to point B, where

0:35:40.239 --> 0:35:44.640
<v Speaker 2>the machine over there recreates an exact duplicate of them,

0:35:45.040 --> 0:35:48.319
<v Speaker 2>and at this point there are two of the individual

0:35:48.600 --> 0:35:53.160
<v Speaker 2>with identical bodies and identical brains, identical memories. It then

0:35:53.239 --> 0:35:57.040
<v Speaker 2>falls to the human supervisor at point A to hit

0:35:57.080 --> 0:36:02.759
<v Speaker 2>the switch that incinerates the comatose individual, the original individual,

0:36:03.040 --> 0:36:06.239
<v Speaker 2>the one who is doing the quote unquote traveling. This

0:36:06.640 --> 0:36:10.640
<v Speaker 2>termination of the original individual at point A is called

0:36:10.680 --> 0:36:11.840
<v Speaker 2>balancing the equation.

0:36:12.400 --> 0:36:15.520
<v Speaker 3>Now, I should note that they explain the experience of

0:36:15.640 --> 0:36:19.320
<v Speaker 3>the what they call the jumper in this story as

0:36:19.920 --> 0:36:23.400
<v Speaker 3>as being continuous. So they say that you close your

0:36:23.440 --> 0:36:26.240
<v Speaker 3>eyes here at the jumping station and then you open

0:36:26.320 --> 0:36:29.840
<v Speaker 3>them on this wonderful planet that you're being transported to,

0:36:30.400 --> 0:36:33.200
<v Speaker 3>so that they suggest that it's just going to be

0:36:33.320 --> 0:36:34.880
<v Speaker 3>like being here and then being there.

0:36:35.600 --> 0:36:38.959
<v Speaker 2>Right, But as we'll see, like deep down, everybody knows

0:36:39.040 --> 0:36:41.879
<v Speaker 2>what this means, and you know, I should point out

0:36:41.920 --> 0:36:43.360
<v Speaker 2>and we'll get into this more in a bit, but

0:36:43.960 --> 0:36:47.440
<v Speaker 2>I mentioned anesthesia. Anesthesia seems to be like a common

0:36:48.560 --> 0:36:52.640
<v Speaker 2>reference point or starting point for fantastic interpretations of this,

0:36:52.719 --> 0:36:55.400
<v Speaker 2>and it's also involved in sort of the wider philosophical

0:36:55.440 --> 0:36:58.719
<v Speaker 2>contemplation here. You know, what does it mean when my

0:36:58.840 --> 0:37:02.480
<v Speaker 2>consciousness changes? What does it mean when my consciousness seems

0:37:02.520 --> 0:37:05.960
<v Speaker 2>to cease for an amount of time? You know, it's

0:37:06.000 --> 0:37:09.759
<v Speaker 2>that weird experience of suddenly, oh, whatever happened happened, and

0:37:09.800 --> 0:37:13.640
<v Speaker 2>I'm suddenly awake again after the fact. I'm conscious again

0:37:13.680 --> 0:37:16.080
<v Speaker 2>after the fact. And so you see this reflected in

0:37:16.120 --> 0:37:21.800
<v Speaker 2>other treatments of teleportation, in say Stephen King's The Jaunt,

0:37:22.160 --> 0:37:27.000
<v Speaker 2>or also you see it referenced in like cryo sleep

0:37:27.080 --> 0:37:32.080
<v Speaker 2>scenarios and other science fiction. Yeah, so anyway, that's the setup,

0:37:32.120 --> 0:37:35.760
<v Speaker 2>the sort of technological world building setup for the episode.

0:37:35.840 --> 0:37:41.360
<v Speaker 2>The plot concerns essentially three characters. You have Enrico Colintoni's

0:37:41.440 --> 0:37:45.200
<v Speaker 2>Michael Burr. He's the human supervisor at the lunar jump station.

0:37:45.360 --> 0:37:49.920
<v Speaker 2>He's the one who hits that incineration switch. Then you

0:37:49.960 --> 0:37:54.920
<v Speaker 2>have LINEA. Sharple's Kamala Shastri it is pronounced Kamala in

0:37:54.960 --> 0:37:58.840
<v Speaker 2>this episode, who has arrived at the lunar station to

0:37:59.000 --> 0:38:01.840
<v Speaker 2>jump to a disc world where she's going to study

0:38:02.080 --> 0:38:05.760
<v Speaker 2>an alien civilization. And then you have David James Lewis

0:38:05.800 --> 0:38:08.919
<v Speaker 2>playing this character Will Carson, who it takes a little

0:38:08.960 --> 0:38:10.399
<v Speaker 2>bit to figure out what he's there for, but he's

0:38:10.440 --> 0:38:14.359
<v Speaker 2>a replacement tech who is actually a psychological observer sent

0:38:14.440 --> 0:38:17.880
<v Speaker 2>by the company to make sure that Burr can handle

0:38:17.920 --> 0:38:18.360
<v Speaker 2>the job.

0:38:18.760 --> 0:38:22.719
<v Speaker 3>Because a lot is writing on Burr doing his job correctly.

0:38:23.200 --> 0:38:26.440
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, because the Dinos are like, this is great, this

0:38:26.520 --> 0:38:29.640
<v Speaker 2>is this technology is wonderful. It's going to change everything

0:38:29.640 --> 0:38:31.600
<v Speaker 2>you do. It's going to ensure the long term survival

0:38:31.600 --> 0:38:34.600
<v Speaker 2>of the human race. But you've got to prove to

0:38:34.760 --> 0:38:37.840
<v Speaker 2>us that you're able to handle this. The Dinos refer

0:38:37.920 --> 0:38:41.320
<v Speaker 2>to humans as weepies because they see them as is

0:38:41.560 --> 0:38:44.319
<v Speaker 2>way too emotional. They make a big deal out of

0:38:44.320 --> 0:38:47.239
<v Speaker 2>this whole destroy yourself at point A to travel to

0:38:47.280 --> 0:38:49.960
<v Speaker 2>point B, and they do not want to continue with

0:38:50.000 --> 0:38:54.120
<v Speaker 2>it if humans cannot handle it. So in this scenario again,

0:38:54.960 --> 0:38:59.880
<v Speaker 2>Kamala Shastri traveling to a distant point in the galaxy

0:39:00.040 --> 0:39:03.279
<v Speaker 2>or whatever. It seems like everything is going to going

0:39:03.320 --> 0:39:05.560
<v Speaker 2>as plan. She's a little nervous, but she's up for it.

0:39:06.120 --> 0:39:11.520
<v Speaker 2>But then during the procedure, the transmission is interrupted. Reconstitution

0:39:11.640 --> 0:39:16.439
<v Speaker 2>at point B cannot be confirmed, so the jumper at

0:39:16.480 --> 0:39:21.480
<v Speaker 2>point A cannot be incinerated. So Kamala wakes up screaming

0:39:21.600 --> 0:39:24.879
<v Speaker 2>still at point A, and essentially we're unsure if her

0:39:24.880 --> 0:39:28.200
<v Speaker 2>double has awoken at point B and she is traumatized

0:39:28.200 --> 0:39:30.760
<v Speaker 2>by the pain and terror she felt in the jump chamber,

0:39:31.360 --> 0:39:35.239
<v Speaker 2>and Burr is there he tries to reassure and you know,

0:39:35.320 --> 0:39:38.520
<v Speaker 2>says some kind words, is very compassionate, but she's like,

0:39:38.600 --> 0:39:40.799
<v Speaker 2>I don't think I can go through it again, and

0:39:40.840 --> 0:39:43.359
<v Speaker 2>he assures her, you don't have to, you know, don't

0:39:43.400 --> 0:39:44.880
<v Speaker 2>don't worry. You don't have to worry about it. Then

0:39:44.920 --> 0:39:47.640
<v Speaker 2>if you don't want to give it a second try.

0:39:47.760 --> 0:39:51.680
<v Speaker 2>This is entirely voluntary. But at this point even Burr's

0:39:51.680 --> 0:39:55.600
<v Speaker 2>commitment to teleportation technology is put to a severe test

0:39:55.920 --> 0:39:59.919
<v Speaker 2>when the Dynos confirm that Kamala has arrived at Point B.

0:40:00.719 --> 0:40:04.000
<v Speaker 2>They tell him and Carson insists as well that now

0:40:04.080 --> 0:40:08.680
<v Speaker 2>he has to balance the equation by killing the original Kamala.

0:40:08.840 --> 0:40:11.720
<v Speaker 2>So he struggles with the ethics of this, but goes

0:40:11.800 --> 0:40:15.160
<v Speaker 2>forward with it by convincing her to simply go through

0:40:15.239 --> 0:40:16.960
<v Speaker 2>with the teleportation. It's like, you've got to get back

0:40:16.960 --> 0:40:19.520
<v Speaker 2>in there. You've got to continue your mission, with the

0:40:19.560 --> 0:40:22.799
<v Speaker 2>idea of being that she won't be scanned and transmitted

0:40:22.800 --> 0:40:26.120
<v Speaker 2>this time. She doesn't know this. She'll just be incinerated

0:40:26.239 --> 0:40:28.799
<v Speaker 2>and that will balance the equation. That will only be

0:40:29.000 --> 0:40:33.040
<v Speaker 2>one Kamala. And she's on this distant planet exploring this

0:40:33.120 --> 0:40:36.160
<v Speaker 2>new civilization, and at this point he almost pulls it off,

0:40:36.200 --> 0:40:40.120
<v Speaker 2>but she gets cold feet again and the truth comes out,

0:40:40.160 --> 0:40:43.239
<v Speaker 2>and so now Burr is under even more pressure to

0:40:43.280 --> 0:40:45.600
<v Speaker 2>balance the equation, and there is no way around the

0:40:45.640 --> 0:40:50.240
<v Speaker 2>fact that he's contemplating just cold blooded murder and being

0:40:50.280 --> 0:40:53.520
<v Speaker 2>asked to kill her, and she knows that that is

0:40:53.520 --> 0:40:57.000
<v Speaker 2>the scenario as well. And what's at stake here is

0:40:57.040 --> 0:40:59.960
<v Speaker 2>like the continuation, like you said, of the entire teleportation program,

0:41:00.040 --> 0:41:03.600
<v Speaker 2>the advancement in continuing survival of the human species. So

0:41:03.680 --> 0:41:06.600
<v Speaker 2>a lot of pressure is put on him at this moment.

0:41:07.320 --> 0:41:09.880
<v Speaker 3>There's a background scenario that they discussed, which is that

0:41:09.960 --> 0:41:13.000
<v Speaker 3>humans have destroyed the environment of Earth, that Earth is

0:41:13.280 --> 0:41:16.560
<v Speaker 3>close to uninhabitable at this point. Humans have polluted the

0:41:16.640 --> 0:41:19.360
<v Speaker 3>environment so much, and that in order to have a

0:41:19.440 --> 0:41:22.000
<v Speaker 3>chance at survival, they're going to have to be able

0:41:22.000 --> 0:41:26.040
<v Speaker 3>to teleport en mass to these unspoiled worlds. But the

0:41:26.080 --> 0:41:29.440
<v Speaker 3>Han and like you said, they're unwilling to let humans

0:41:29.480 --> 0:41:32.239
<v Speaker 3>do this unless they prove that they can handle the

0:41:32.239 --> 0:41:35.240
<v Speaker 3>technology that they can quote balance the equation.

0:41:35.920 --> 0:41:37.880
<v Speaker 2>Now, at this point, my summary is not going to

0:41:37.920 --> 0:41:39.640
<v Speaker 2>really do it. It's going to sound a lot more

0:41:39.719 --> 0:41:43.160
<v Speaker 2>rushed because this is a part of the episode that

0:41:43.200 --> 0:41:47.000
<v Speaker 2>I think really depends heavily on the performances, but this

0:41:47.080 --> 0:41:49.880
<v Speaker 2>is what happens. We see Berg grab a cool looking

0:41:49.920 --> 0:41:52.319
<v Speaker 2>sci fi gun from a safe, something that you might

0:41:52.400 --> 0:41:56.120
<v Speaker 2>see in time Coop or something, and we think he's

0:41:56.160 --> 0:41:58.440
<v Speaker 2>going to go killer at this point, but when he

0:41:58.560 --> 0:42:02.600
<v Speaker 2>runs runs into her in the complex, he tells her

0:42:02.640 --> 0:42:05.040
<v Speaker 2>that he's arranging to have her smuggled safely back to

0:42:05.120 --> 0:42:09.360
<v Speaker 2>Earth on a routine shuttle, so that seems to be

0:42:09.680 --> 0:42:13.480
<v Speaker 2>in motion, and then he's confronted by Carson and he

0:42:13.560 --> 0:42:15.520
<v Speaker 2>knocks Carson out, So yeah, it seems like, all right,

0:42:15.560 --> 0:42:18.919
<v Speaker 2>he's gone rogue. He's doing the moral right thing here

0:42:18.960 --> 0:42:22.640
<v Speaker 2>for the individual. Maybe not for the greater good, but

0:42:22.680 --> 0:42:25.480
<v Speaker 2>for the individual. And then he leads her to an

0:42:25.520 --> 0:42:27.919
<v Speaker 2>air lock. But then he has this change of heart.

0:42:27.960 --> 0:42:32.040
<v Speaker 2>We see flashes back to this background information about him

0:42:32.040 --> 0:42:36.279
<v Speaker 2>having lost his family, lost his wife, and he has

0:42:36.320 --> 0:42:38.600
<v Speaker 2>a change of heart and instead he blasts her out

0:42:38.640 --> 0:42:41.279
<v Speaker 2>the air lock. Clearly this was not an easy choice

0:42:41.320 --> 0:42:43.799
<v Speaker 2>for him to make. He's just emotionally destroyed by this.

0:42:44.239 --> 0:42:47.640
<v Speaker 2>Two years later we see him once more. He's still

0:42:47.680 --> 0:42:52.160
<v Speaker 2>apparently the supervisor there at the Lunar Teleportation station and

0:42:52.560 --> 0:42:58.359
<v Speaker 2>the teleporter is being used and it's receiving somebody who

0:42:58.440 --> 0:43:01.600
<v Speaker 2>is it, Well, it's come on on her return to

0:43:01.640 --> 0:43:04.480
<v Speaker 2>the lunar station from her studies on that distant planet,

0:43:04.960 --> 0:43:07.879
<v Speaker 2>and she greets him warmly, telling him, Hey, you were

0:43:07.880 --> 0:43:10.960
<v Speaker 2>my jump supervisor. Don't you remember remember me? You were

0:43:11.000 --> 0:43:13.920
<v Speaker 2>so nice to me, you were so comforting, And he

0:43:13.960 --> 0:43:16.680
<v Speaker 2>says flat late, no, that was somebody else.

0:43:18.719 --> 0:43:20.799
<v Speaker 3>And then the narrator comes in with some I think

0:43:20.880 --> 0:43:24.759
<v Speaker 3>over overly simplified, kind of hammy summary of everything we

0:43:24.880 --> 0:43:25.279
<v Speaker 3>just saw.

0:43:26.040 --> 0:43:29.080
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. Yeah. When I was watching these episodes with with

0:43:29.120 --> 0:43:31.200
<v Speaker 2>some with some friends, we would always make fun of

0:43:31.239 --> 0:43:34.799
<v Speaker 2>the ending narration, especially if the episode was a bit

0:43:34.880 --> 0:43:37.520
<v Speaker 2>bad or confusing, because you knew he'd come in and

0:43:37.560 --> 0:43:39.359
<v Speaker 2>try and wrap it up with a tight little boat.

0:43:41.160 --> 0:43:43.120
<v Speaker 3>Now, I think there are a lot of really interesting

0:43:43.160 --> 0:43:45.200
<v Speaker 3>things about this episode, and it raises a lot of

0:43:45.200 --> 0:43:50.560
<v Speaker 3>the great questions about about teleportation as a technology, if

0:43:50.600 --> 0:43:53.480
<v Speaker 3>you were to imagine something like it actually existed. Some

0:43:53.520 --> 0:43:56.040
<v Speaker 3>of the same questions applied to the idea of like

0:43:57.320 --> 0:44:01.080
<v Speaker 3>mind uploading or you know, transferral conciousness to a machine

0:44:01.160 --> 0:44:03.520
<v Speaker 3>substrate or something like that. I think one of the

0:44:03.560 --> 0:44:07.880
<v Speaker 3>really interesting things in this episode is that the essential

0:44:09.560 --> 0:44:14.040
<v Speaker 3>thing that Burr has to do has not changed. In

0:44:14.120 --> 0:44:17.799
<v Speaker 3>both cases. He is supposed to destroy the body of

0:44:17.840 --> 0:44:20.560
<v Speaker 3>the jumper at the origin point while they while they

0:44:20.640 --> 0:44:23.839
<v Speaker 3>go on living at the destination point. The only thing

0:44:23.880 --> 0:44:27.120
<v Speaker 3>that has changed is that in this scenario, the jumper

0:44:28.480 --> 0:44:32.719
<v Speaker 3>at the departure point has had time to wake up

0:44:32.840 --> 0:44:35.640
<v Speaker 3>and become conscious of the fact that they're still here.

0:44:36.200 --> 0:44:40.440
<v Speaker 3>But otherwise it's the same. So there's something where like,

0:44:40.600 --> 0:44:43.040
<v Speaker 3>it doesn't feel like murder if they knew what was

0:44:43.080 --> 0:44:47.359
<v Speaker 3>going to happen going in and they're destroyed instantaneously at

0:44:47.400 --> 0:44:49.480
<v Speaker 3>the departure point. As long you know they understand, they

0:44:49.520 --> 0:44:54.439
<v Speaker 3>get to live on at the destination But something about

0:44:54.480 --> 0:44:57.440
<v Speaker 3>the fact that she has had several seconds of being

0:44:57.480 --> 0:45:00.520
<v Speaker 3>awake now and she's like, well, now that I'm here,

0:45:00.680 --> 0:45:04.719
<v Speaker 3>I don't want to die at this place. That changes

0:45:04.760 --> 0:45:07.480
<v Speaker 3>the equation. And I think that's interesting because it plays

0:45:07.480 --> 0:45:10.799
<v Speaker 3>with our intuitions about what would or would not be

0:45:10.920 --> 0:45:12.920
<v Speaker 3>murder in a strange scenario like this.

0:45:13.840 --> 0:45:18.320
<v Speaker 2>Absolutely, yeah, it's just this level of it certainly reminds

0:45:18.360 --> 0:45:24.160
<v Speaker 2>one of various sort of moral thought experiments where it's like, okay,

0:45:24.400 --> 0:45:26.200
<v Speaker 2>you're going to flip the switch and you're going to

0:45:26.239 --> 0:45:28.560
<v Speaker 2>save the human race. But somebody that you don't really

0:45:28.600 --> 0:45:30.440
<v Speaker 2>see or know in another room's going to die. And

0:45:30.480 --> 0:45:32.360
<v Speaker 2>then if they're okay with that, well, okay, here's a

0:45:32.360 --> 0:45:33.759
<v Speaker 2>different version of the scenario, etc.

0:45:34.640 --> 0:45:37.080
<v Speaker 3>Though I guess it also raises these some questions about

0:45:37.160 --> 0:45:40.839
<v Speaker 3>like where is consciousness located and is it possible for

0:45:40.920 --> 0:45:45.000
<v Speaker 3>consciousness to be continuously transferred if that concept even makes sense,

0:45:45.400 --> 0:45:48.000
<v Speaker 3>because again, the jumpers talk about the idea that well,

0:45:48.040 --> 0:45:49.920
<v Speaker 3>they don't mind that their body is going to be

0:45:50.040 --> 0:45:53.840
<v Speaker 3>destroyed at the departure point because they're just going to

0:45:53.840 --> 0:45:56.040
<v Speaker 3>close their eyes and wake up on this other planet.

0:45:56.400 --> 0:45:59.799
<v Speaker 3>They seem to have confidence that their consciousness will con

0:46:00.160 --> 0:46:02.759
<v Speaker 3>tinue in some way. But what does that mean?

0:46:03.239 --> 0:46:05.680
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and you know, in this we can't help but

0:46:05.719 --> 0:46:08.480
<v Speaker 2>think of the think in the anesthesia example, you know,

0:46:08.600 --> 0:46:12.920
<v Speaker 2>and really like sort of like just everyday ideas of like, well,

0:46:13.160 --> 0:46:14.640
<v Speaker 2>am I the same person when I wake up in

0:46:14.640 --> 0:46:18.920
<v Speaker 2>the morning, that sort of thing, you know. Really yeah, yeah,

0:46:19.120 --> 0:46:22.040
<v Speaker 2>comparisons between sleep and death that, as we've discussed in

0:46:22.080 --> 0:46:25.520
<v Speaker 2>the show, go you know, back into the earliest times

0:46:25.600 --> 0:46:29.080
<v Speaker 2>during which humans were able to contemplate these things, and

0:46:29.080 --> 0:46:32.040
<v Speaker 2>and that brings us, I think, to the dinosaurs, the dinos,

0:46:32.080 --> 0:46:34.759
<v Speaker 2>the haunins, because that's another element of the plot here

0:46:34.800 --> 0:46:38.759
<v Speaker 2>that we don't you kind of have to come back

0:46:38.800 --> 0:46:40.600
<v Speaker 2>and think about it more yourself, because they don't get

0:46:40.600 --> 0:46:42.680
<v Speaker 2>into it as much, at least in the episode. Is like,

0:46:43.040 --> 0:46:46.600
<v Speaker 2>what is the thought process of these of these dinos

0:46:46.640 --> 0:46:51.719
<v Speaker 2>who are again presented as being like dinosaur creatures, but

0:46:51.760 --> 0:46:55.479
<v Speaker 2>they're not. They're not depicted as being like completely quote

0:46:55.560 --> 0:47:00.000
<v Speaker 2>unquote cold blooded, Like they're not cruel, They're just calculates,

0:47:00.400 --> 0:47:03.239
<v Speaker 2>and it seems like they have made the decision and

0:47:03.280 --> 0:47:05.640
<v Speaker 2>don't seem to put a lot of effort into it

0:47:05.680 --> 0:47:09.880
<v Speaker 2>really that hey, you know, when one teleports, one is

0:47:09.920 --> 0:47:12.799
<v Speaker 2>going to destroy a version of themselves and recreate a

0:47:12.840 --> 0:47:16.359
<v Speaker 2>new one to carry out a particular task or goal, etc.

0:47:17.160 --> 0:47:19.759
<v Speaker 2>And they don't think it's a big deal. And so

0:47:19.840 --> 0:47:21.759
<v Speaker 2>I was thinking a little bit like, well, what would

0:47:21.760 --> 0:47:23.640
<v Speaker 2>that mean, where does that come from? How much of

0:47:23.640 --> 0:47:26.720
<v Speaker 2>that would be cultural? Because you can imagine a scenario

0:47:26.800 --> 0:47:29.799
<v Speaker 2>even with humans where if they're regularly undergoing this kind

0:47:29.840 --> 0:47:32.560
<v Speaker 2>of teleportation, you would maybe have a lot of cultural

0:47:32.600 --> 0:47:36.240
<v Speaker 2>ideas surrounding it, maybe even religious ideas surrounding it about

0:47:36.239 --> 0:47:38.399
<v Speaker 2>the nature of the self and the soul and how

0:47:38.440 --> 0:47:43.560
<v Speaker 2>that has continued through this technological leap. But also maybe

0:47:43.600 --> 0:47:46.040
<v Speaker 2>there's something about the Hannans that, you know, maybe they're

0:47:46.040 --> 0:47:50.759
<v Speaker 2>more use social where the sacrifice doesn't mean as much

0:47:50.760 --> 0:47:53.279
<v Speaker 2>because the individual doesn't mean as much, and that's just

0:47:53.360 --> 0:47:55.440
<v Speaker 2>part of their just genetic program.

0:47:55.960 --> 0:47:59.960
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, you know, it's interesting. They are portrayed as mostly

0:48:00.160 --> 0:48:06.440
<v Speaker 3>benevolent but just not swayed by emotional considerations, and so

0:48:06.520 --> 0:48:08.279
<v Speaker 3>I think their point of view is that they're not

0:48:08.560 --> 0:48:11.360
<v Speaker 3>harming the jumper by killing them here because they're already

0:48:11.360 --> 0:48:14.640
<v Speaker 3>alive somewhere else. So it doesn't matter what the jumper

0:48:14.719 --> 0:48:18.759
<v Speaker 3>at the destination, at the departure point actually wants, Like

0:48:19.120 --> 0:48:21.040
<v Speaker 3>if they wake up and say, no, don't kill me,

0:48:21.120 --> 0:48:24.040
<v Speaker 3>it's like that is just not of importance. You know,

0:48:24.120 --> 0:48:26.680
<v Speaker 3>they're fine, They're somewhere else now, and so this is

0:48:26.760 --> 0:48:29.160
<v Speaker 3>just sort of like a mistake to be cleaned up.

0:48:29.640 --> 0:48:31.879
<v Speaker 3>Whereas the human point of view is, oh, now there's

0:48:31.880 --> 0:48:33.839
<v Speaker 3>a person in front of me who wants to live,

0:48:34.520 --> 0:48:37.440
<v Speaker 3>and that that is extremely important, like the fact that

0:48:37.520 --> 0:48:40.200
<v Speaker 3>this person is conscious and they want to live, gives

0:48:40.200 --> 0:48:42.400
<v Speaker 3>them just as much right to live as the person

0:48:42.440 --> 0:48:45.480
<v Speaker 3>at the destination point, and the dinosaurs don't see it

0:48:45.520 --> 0:48:47.600
<v Speaker 3>that way. They're like, well, no, this is the way

0:48:47.640 --> 0:48:51.160
<v Speaker 3>it works, and you know, she as long as she's fine.

0:48:51.239 --> 0:48:53.960
<v Speaker 3>They're what, the one that's here doesn't matter anymore.

0:48:54.480 --> 0:48:56.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, they don't. Again, they don't understand it. They kind

0:48:56.920 --> 0:49:03.279
<v Speaker 2>of mock the human emotion in this respect, calling us wheepies.

0:49:03.520 --> 0:49:05.680
<v Speaker 2>You can imagine memes they might create, like, oh no,

0:49:05.719 --> 0:49:08.680
<v Speaker 2>a weepee accidentally made two sandwiches and now it's sad,

0:49:09.160 --> 0:49:12.480
<v Speaker 2>that sort of thing. But I should also mention they

0:49:12.520 --> 0:49:15.399
<v Speaker 2>made the strange choice in this episode to have the

0:49:15.520 --> 0:49:21.840
<v Speaker 2>Hanens speak in an almost unintelligible monster voice. Yes. Yeah,

0:49:21.960 --> 0:49:24.160
<v Speaker 2>like though the monster the dino will be talking, you

0:49:24.280 --> 0:49:26.680
<v Speaker 2>just can't understand it. You have to run it back

0:49:26.760 --> 0:49:28.360
<v Speaker 2>to figure out what it's squawking about.

0:49:28.520 --> 0:49:32.359
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, jump the chain back. It's kind of crypt.

0:49:32.040 --> 0:49:37.840
<v Speaker 2>Keeper, Yeah, like crypt Keeper, sketchy, but but harder to understand.

0:49:38.160 --> 0:49:42.399
<v Speaker 3>Well, Also, they established that they're getting the humans are

0:49:42.440 --> 0:49:47.440
<v Speaker 3>hearing the Hanen through a real time translation device, so

0:49:47.560 --> 0:49:52.560
<v Speaker 3>it's like translating their sort of squawks and language into English.

0:49:52.600 --> 0:49:55.839
<v Speaker 3>For the jump operators. But hold on a second, why

0:49:55.840 --> 0:49:58.000
<v Speaker 3>does it make them sound like the crypt Keeper. If

0:49:58.000 --> 0:50:00.399
<v Speaker 3>it's doing that anyway, shouldn't the machine just give them

0:50:00.400 --> 0:50:01.880
<v Speaker 3>the kind of the serie voice.

0:50:02.400 --> 0:50:05.200
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, they're like, it's it's set to Cryptkeeper. We don't

0:50:05.200 --> 0:50:07.560
<v Speaker 2>know how to change it back to Angela Lansbury. This

0:50:07.719 --> 0:50:19.240
<v Speaker 2>is just what we have to use now. Of course,

0:50:19.239 --> 0:50:22.440
<v Speaker 2>the central treatment of the whole episode has to do

0:50:22.560 --> 0:50:26.160
<v Speaker 2>with this, this idea of teleportation, the recreation of the

0:50:26.239 --> 0:50:30.960
<v Speaker 2>self and and and the I guess it's not even

0:50:31.000 --> 0:50:33.319
<v Speaker 2>really a question about like the continuation of the soul

0:50:33.480 --> 0:50:36.840
<v Speaker 2>like it at Herd. Here it seems to be clear

0:50:36.960 --> 0:50:39.400
<v Speaker 2>that someone is dying and then a new person is

0:50:39.440 --> 0:50:43.719
<v Speaker 2>being created. And I really wasn't aware of this until

0:50:43.719 --> 0:50:47.480
<v Speaker 2>I started researching this episode. But it turns out this

0:50:47.760 --> 0:50:52.320
<v Speaker 2>entire central premise lines up with the work of Derek Parfitt,

0:50:52.719 --> 0:50:58.080
<v Speaker 2>a British philosopher who specialized in personal identity, among other subjects.

0:50:58.480 --> 0:51:01.080
<v Speaker 3>Parfit's come up on the show before. We may have

0:51:01.200 --> 0:51:05.160
<v Speaker 3>talked about him, Was it in our episode on astronomical suffering?

0:51:05.239 --> 0:51:08.960
<v Speaker 2>Maybe? I think so. Yeah. He he wrote about a

0:51:09.040 --> 0:51:11.640
<v Speaker 2>number of topics, so it's not like he's not like

0:51:11.640 --> 0:51:14.360
<v Speaker 2>a one idea guy, and he's very influential. So he

0:51:14.480 --> 0:51:18.160
<v Speaker 2>lived nineteen forty two through twenty seventeen, and in his

0:51:18.360 --> 0:51:23.680
<v Speaker 2>nineteen eighty seven book Reasons and Persons, he explores exactly

0:51:23.760 --> 0:51:28.239
<v Speaker 2>this scenario. And I'm unsure if Kelly, the author of

0:51:28.760 --> 0:51:32.360
<v Speaker 2>Think Like a Ninosaur, based his fiction on this, or if,

0:51:32.480 --> 0:51:35.440
<v Speaker 2>as with swamp Thing and swamp Man, we have an

0:51:35.560 --> 0:51:40.120
<v Speaker 2>uncertain case with a possibility of independent development in different fields.

0:51:40.120 --> 0:51:43.880
<v Speaker 3>Swamp Man being another philosophical thought experiment about the idea

0:51:43.920 --> 0:51:47.080
<v Speaker 3>that like, if your body was destroyed by lightning and

0:51:47.120 --> 0:51:50.720
<v Speaker 3>then recreated out of different molecules by a lightning strike

0:51:50.760 --> 0:51:54.400
<v Speaker 3>and a swamp like, what relation would that other you

0:51:54.600 --> 0:51:55.480
<v Speaker 3>have to the original?

0:51:55.560 --> 0:51:55.640
<v Speaker 1>You?

0:51:56.440 --> 0:51:56.640
<v Speaker 2>Right?

0:51:56.760 --> 0:51:57.000
<v Speaker 3>Right?

0:51:58.239 --> 0:52:02.759
<v Speaker 2>So again Parfitt's book Reasons in Persons, in chapter ten

0:52:03.280 --> 0:52:06.399
<v Speaker 2>what we Believe Ourselves to Be, he presents a thought

0:52:06.400 --> 0:52:10.000
<v Speaker 2>experiment in which he is commuting to work on Mars

0:52:10.200 --> 0:52:13.400
<v Speaker 2>via a machine called a tele transporter, in which the

0:52:13.440 --> 0:52:17.000
<v Speaker 2>subject loses consciousness and wakes up a moment later, or

0:52:17.000 --> 0:52:21.080
<v Speaker 2>seems to wake up a moment later at their destination.

0:52:22.040 --> 0:52:25.680
<v Speaker 2>In reality, however, it's explained, really an hour takes an

0:52:25.680 --> 0:52:31.240
<v Speaker 2>hour passes in between losing consciousness and reawakening. The original

0:52:31.320 --> 0:52:36.520
<v Speaker 2>body is scanned, recorded in every detail, and destroyed. Traveling

0:52:36.560 --> 0:52:39.600
<v Speaker 2>at light speed, the information takes three minutes to reach Mars,

0:52:39.680 --> 0:52:42.560
<v Speaker 2>and then, using that information that had been sent, the

0:52:42.680 --> 0:52:46.279
<v Speaker 2>replicator machine on Mars creates a new brain and a

0:52:46.320 --> 0:52:50.200
<v Speaker 2>new body out of new matter. So then Parfitt goes

0:52:50.280 --> 0:52:53.799
<v Speaker 2>on to layout a scenario that involves interruption and accidental

0:52:53.880 --> 0:52:58.319
<v Speaker 2>duplication without destruction of the original. The added wrinkle is

0:52:58.360 --> 0:53:01.240
<v Speaker 2>that while the machine failed to destroy the original body

0:53:01.280 --> 0:53:04.080
<v Speaker 2>and brain, it also inflicted a heart condition that will

0:53:04.080 --> 0:53:08.480
<v Speaker 2>be fatal in like forty days. Also in the thought experiment,

0:53:08.520 --> 0:53:10.960
<v Speaker 2>the scanning is supposed to destroy the individual as part

0:53:11.000 --> 0:53:14.799
<v Speaker 2>of the process. It's not like there's this switch that

0:53:14.800 --> 0:53:17.560
<v Speaker 2>you hit for incineration. It's like all part of the process.

0:53:17.920 --> 0:53:20.919
<v Speaker 3>So it's not a separate decision that an operator has to.

0:53:20.840 --> 0:53:23.839
<v Speaker 2>Make right, right, And it makes more sense, I guess.

0:53:23.840 --> 0:53:29.919
<v Speaker 2>In the fictional treatment, he writes quote simple teletransportation as

0:53:30.000 --> 0:53:33.359
<v Speaker 2>just described is a common feature in science fiction, and

0:53:33.400 --> 0:53:36.080
<v Speaker 2>it is believed by some readers of this fiction merely

0:53:36.120 --> 0:53:39.359
<v Speaker 2>to be the fastest way of traveling. They believe that

0:53:39.440 --> 0:53:43.839
<v Speaker 2>my replica would be me. Other science fiction readers and

0:53:43.880 --> 0:53:46.399
<v Speaker 2>some of the characters in this fiction take a different view.

0:53:46.920 --> 0:53:49.839
<v Speaker 2>They believe that when I press the green button, I die.

0:53:50.320 --> 0:53:53.080
<v Speaker 2>My replica is someone else who has been made to

0:53:53.160 --> 0:53:56.320
<v Speaker 2>be exactly like me. So he uses the thought experiment

0:53:56.360 --> 0:53:59.640
<v Speaker 2>to discuss what he calls two kinds of sameness, qualitative

0:53:59.680 --> 0:54:04.280
<v Speaker 2>identa and numerical identity. So the scanner and replicator produce

0:54:04.360 --> 0:54:09.480
<v Speaker 2>a double that is qualitatively identical but not numerically identical.

0:54:09.560 --> 0:54:12.520
<v Speaker 2>In other words, the two are otherwise the same, but

0:54:12.560 --> 0:54:16.360
<v Speaker 2>they are not literally the same person in a physical sense. Again,

0:54:16.760 --> 0:54:20.800
<v Speaker 2>like new matter was used to make, there's no physical

0:54:20.840 --> 0:54:22.480
<v Speaker 2>connection between these two beings.

0:54:22.960 --> 0:54:25.000
<v Speaker 3>It's kind of like how you can have two copies

0:54:25.040 --> 0:54:27.200
<v Speaker 3>of the same book that are at the same time

0:54:27.440 --> 0:54:30.360
<v Speaker 3>the same book, but they're also two different objects.

0:54:30.920 --> 0:54:35.160
<v Speaker 2>Right. Likewise, though, he points out that numerically identical individuals

0:54:35.600 --> 0:54:41.040
<v Speaker 2>can also become qualitatively different. Quote though our chief concern

0:54:41.600 --> 0:54:46.640
<v Speaker 2>is our numerical identity. Psychological changes matter. Indeed, on one view,

0:54:46.760 --> 0:54:51.280
<v Speaker 2>certain kinds of qualitative change destroy numerical identity. If certain

0:54:51.320 --> 0:54:53.960
<v Speaker 2>things happen to me, the truth might not be that

0:54:54.040 --> 0:54:56.680
<v Speaker 2>I become a very different person. The truth might be

0:54:56.760 --> 0:55:00.359
<v Speaker 2>that I cease to exist, that the resulting person is

0:55:00.400 --> 0:55:01.080
<v Speaker 2>someone else.

0:55:02.760 --> 0:55:05.640
<v Speaker 3>And in fact, the strange thing is that our bodies

0:55:05.680 --> 0:55:10.120
<v Speaker 3>and minds are constantly undergoing physical change, and yet we

0:55:10.239 --> 0:55:15.040
<v Speaker 3>have the conscious experience of it seeming to be that

0:55:15.120 --> 0:55:18.600
<v Speaker 3>life is continuous. It just feels like you were the

0:55:18.640 --> 0:55:21.600
<v Speaker 3>same person you have been your whole life, but physically

0:55:21.680 --> 0:55:22.720
<v Speaker 3>you're always changing.

0:55:23.400 --> 0:55:27.280
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. Yeah, physically at a cellular level, things are changing

0:55:27.320 --> 0:55:30.640
<v Speaker 2>where we're not exactly the same matter that we were

0:55:30.800 --> 0:55:34.239
<v Speaker 2>years back, and then major events, as he's pointing out,

0:55:34.560 --> 0:55:38.040
<v Speaker 2>have a huge impact on us. The episode closes with

0:55:38.120 --> 0:55:41.080
<v Speaker 2>this idea as well, which I thought was right, thought

0:55:41.160 --> 0:55:44.560
<v Speaker 2>was really nice. The Kamala, who is beamed back to

0:55:44.600 --> 0:55:49.000
<v Speaker 2>the lunar base is one numerically different. This is the

0:55:49.040 --> 0:55:52.359
<v Speaker 2>third version of her in the story that we don't see,

0:55:52.360 --> 0:55:55.680
<v Speaker 2>the second, the one that's on that other planet. This

0:55:55.719 --> 0:55:59.200
<v Speaker 2>is all due of course to the scanner destroyer replicator technology,

0:55:59.440 --> 0:56:02.879
<v Speaker 2>but she also so seems to be qualitatively different as

0:56:02.880 --> 0:56:06.560
<v Speaker 2>her as her experienced studying an alien civilization has greatly

0:56:06.600 --> 0:56:09.520
<v Speaker 2>impacted her. There's even a new tattoo on her and

0:56:09.600 --> 0:56:12.640
<v Speaker 2>a different hairstyle to sort of drive this home visually.

0:56:13.520 --> 0:56:14.440
<v Speaker 3>Yeah.

0:56:14.520 --> 0:56:18.800
<v Speaker 2>Meanwhile, Burr is numerically identical to the man she knew before,

0:56:18.840 --> 0:56:21.520
<v Speaker 2>that she met before, but it seems that he is

0:56:21.600 --> 0:56:25.840
<v Speaker 2>qualitatively different as well, forever changed by the horrendous series

0:56:25.880 --> 0:56:28.360
<v Speaker 2>of events that he went through, namely the murder he

0:56:28.400 --> 0:56:33.200
<v Speaker 2>committed to keep the teleportation machines running. And and of

0:56:33.200 --> 0:56:37.080
<v Speaker 2>course she is completely oblivious to this because the version

0:56:37.360 --> 0:56:41.239
<v Speaker 2>of Kamala that she is did not witness any of

0:56:41.280 --> 0:56:44.880
<v Speaker 2>this and was not the one murdered. And so that

0:56:45.200 --> 0:56:47.920
<v Speaker 2>final line just hits nicely. He's like, no, that was

0:56:47.960 --> 0:56:51.240
<v Speaker 2>someone else, Like that was a that was a different

0:56:51.360 --> 0:56:54.240
<v Speaker 2>me before I was changed by what happened.

0:56:54.760 --> 0:56:58.000
<v Speaker 3>I think this raises another interesting philosophical question, kind of

0:56:58.000 --> 0:57:02.480
<v Speaker 3>a moral philosophical question, which is, imagine that the error

0:57:02.520 --> 0:57:05.400
<v Speaker 3>scenario had never happened. You know, you never had the

0:57:05.719 --> 0:57:08.759
<v Speaker 3>scene where he has to hunt down a jumper with

0:57:09.160 --> 0:57:11.600
<v Speaker 3>a gun and blow them out of the airlock. It like,

0:57:12.880 --> 0:57:15.080
<v Speaker 3>murder them in a very explicit way, and he was

0:57:15.120 --> 0:57:18.840
<v Speaker 3>still just pressing the button to incinerate the body. Is

0:57:18.920 --> 0:57:22.800
<v Speaker 3>there anything morally wrong going on there? If we assume

0:57:22.920 --> 0:57:26.320
<v Speaker 3>that everything that the characters assume is true, So assume

0:57:26.400 --> 0:57:30.800
<v Speaker 3>that it is basically painless. That the conscious experience of

0:57:30.840 --> 0:57:33.120
<v Speaker 3>the person undergoing it is that they close their eyes

0:57:33.120 --> 0:57:35.680
<v Speaker 3>here and they wake up at the destination point. There's

0:57:35.720 --> 0:57:40.280
<v Speaker 3>not actually like a person to suffer or to be

0:57:40.400 --> 0:57:43.600
<v Speaker 3>denied life or whatever that there's just a continuous conscious

0:57:43.640 --> 0:57:48.600
<v Speaker 3>experience and all of that. Is there anything morally wrong

0:57:48.640 --> 0:57:51.640
<v Speaker 3>with what you're doing by pressing the button to incinerate

0:57:51.720 --> 0:57:54.920
<v Speaker 3>the person at the departure point? I don't know. I

0:57:54.960 --> 0:57:57.360
<v Speaker 3>think that's a really interesting question to ask, because you

0:57:57.360 --> 0:58:01.560
<v Speaker 3>could say, even if nobody is so, and the person

0:58:01.720 --> 0:58:05.560
<v Speaker 3>who's jumping gets to continue to live, so in whatever

0:58:05.720 --> 0:58:08.480
<v Speaker 3>normal way we would think about it, they're not being murdered,

0:58:09.040 --> 0:58:11.880
<v Speaker 3>you'd still have to wonder if there is some kind

0:58:11.880 --> 0:58:15.360
<v Speaker 3>of subtle moral violence going on just by the repeated

0:58:15.400 --> 0:58:19.920
<v Speaker 3>pressing of a button to destroy a human body like that, Like,

0:58:20.120 --> 0:58:23.240
<v Speaker 3>is that conditioning the person who has to do the

0:58:23.240 --> 0:58:28.120
<v Speaker 3>button pushing in a way that degrades them morally in

0:58:28.160 --> 0:58:28.600
<v Speaker 3>some way?

0:58:29.160 --> 0:58:34.320
<v Speaker 2>Yeah? Yeah, it's a rich field for thought here, And

0:58:34.680 --> 0:58:37.800
<v Speaker 2>to be clear, Parfitt goes into a great more detail

0:58:38.480 --> 0:58:41.400
<v Speaker 2>in the book, and of course uses this thought experiment

0:58:41.520 --> 0:58:45.120
<v Speaker 2>as a leaping off point to discuss identity and self

0:58:45.160 --> 0:58:48.680
<v Speaker 2>at great length though it's all it's all very, very

0:58:48.800 --> 0:58:52.560
<v Speaker 2>readable and absorbable, so I do recommend picking that up.

0:58:52.560 --> 0:58:55.560
<v Speaker 2>And I did not not have time to seek out

0:58:55.560 --> 0:58:59.560
<v Speaker 2>and read the original novel Lette Think like a Dinosaur.

0:58:59.720 --> 0:59:01.640
<v Speaker 2>But I understand, of course it is quite good as well,

0:59:01.640 --> 0:59:03.640
<v Speaker 2>and I'd be interested to hear from anyone out there

0:59:03.920 --> 0:59:07.040
<v Speaker 2>who has read it and can compare it to the

0:59:07.120 --> 0:59:10.600
<v Speaker 2>outer limits adaptation. And of course yeah, in terms of

0:59:12.360 --> 0:59:15.480
<v Speaker 2>human consciousness and identity. You know, we could easily go

0:59:15.520 --> 0:59:18.200
<v Speaker 2>on and on here, but I thought I might close out.

0:59:18.240 --> 0:59:21.880
<v Speaker 2>I was reminded of a brief mention from an article

0:59:21.920 --> 0:59:24.520
<v Speaker 2>that we reference in our shadow episodes? Do we actually

0:59:24.600 --> 0:59:28.600
<v Speaker 2>see shadows? On Jay Store Daily? By Roy Sorensen, He

0:59:28.680 --> 0:59:32.480
<v Speaker 2>writes the optics of the Chinese moists focused on shadows

0:59:32.560 --> 0:59:37.160
<v Speaker 2>rather than light. They defend the literal truth of Chiangxu's aphromism,

0:59:37.440 --> 0:59:40.880
<v Speaker 2>the shadow of a flying bird never moves, for shadows

0:59:40.960 --> 0:59:45.360
<v Speaker 2>last only an instant. The Chinese dialectician Kung Sun Lung

0:59:46.400 --> 0:59:49.360
<v Speaker 2>three twenty five through two point fifty PCE appears to

0:59:49.400 --> 0:59:53.200
<v Speaker 2>have extended the objection to the bird. At each moment

0:59:53.320 --> 0:59:55.520
<v Speaker 2>the bird is where it is, and so is not

0:59:55.680 --> 0:59:58.720
<v Speaker 2>traveling since the bird is always at rest, the bird

0:59:58.840 --> 1:00:00.800
<v Speaker 2>no more moves than its shadow.

1:00:01.320 --> 1:00:03.320
<v Speaker 3>I guess to try to map that onto our questions

1:00:03.360 --> 1:00:08.080
<v Speaker 3>about teleportation and human consciousness. You know, would consciousness survive

1:00:08.520 --> 1:00:11.320
<v Speaker 3>the body being destroyed in one place and recreated exactly

1:00:11.400 --> 1:00:11.800
<v Speaker 3>in another.

1:00:12.800 --> 1:00:12.880
<v Speaker 1>Uh.

1:00:13.520 --> 1:00:16.080
<v Speaker 3>You could maybe take the view that consciousness is not

1:00:16.360 --> 1:00:19.240
<v Speaker 3>continuous anyway, that that is merely an illusion and there

1:00:19.240 --> 1:00:25.560
<v Speaker 3>are only instants of consciousness that are that are mistakenly

1:00:25.680 --> 1:00:29.640
<v Speaker 3>thinking that something is is traceable from one moment to

1:00:29.680 --> 1:00:31.440
<v Speaker 3>the next, and in fact there is not.

1:00:32.320 --> 1:00:34.200
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, absolutely, I don't know.

1:00:34.120 --> 1:00:35.960
<v Speaker 3>If I buy that, but that's an interesting way of

1:00:36.000 --> 1:00:36.400
<v Speaker 3>seeing it.

1:00:36.840 --> 1:00:38.320
<v Speaker 2>Well that I guess that's one of the great things

1:00:38.360 --> 1:00:42.120
<v Speaker 2>about this about it, about this particular quandary, but also

1:00:42.400 --> 1:00:46.680
<v Speaker 2>questions about consciousness in general, is that there's I mean,

1:00:46.720 --> 1:00:48.360
<v Speaker 2>I guess there's some wrong answers out there, but you

1:00:48.400 --> 1:00:50.920
<v Speaker 2>can generalize and say there are no wrong answers like this.

1:00:51.400 --> 1:00:54.880
<v Speaker 2>These are all just thought experiments and ideas that that

1:00:55.080 --> 1:00:57.960
<v Speaker 2>tease at the reality and make us sort of turn

1:00:58.040 --> 1:01:01.680
<v Speaker 2>our perceptions on their head and reconsider what they are

1:01:01.960 --> 1:01:02.960
<v Speaker 2>and what we are.

1:01:03.280 --> 1:01:05.080
<v Speaker 3>Well, yeah, I think a lot of the thought experiments

1:01:05.120 --> 1:01:09.760
<v Speaker 3>about consciousness. They don't necessarily provide evidence to help us

1:01:09.800 --> 1:01:13.560
<v Speaker 3>discover the true nature and origin of consciousness. They don't

1:01:13.600 --> 1:01:17.760
<v Speaker 3>always help us discover what consciousness really objectively is, but

1:01:17.800 --> 1:01:22.400
<v Speaker 3>they do help us better understand our intuitions about consciousness,

1:01:22.400 --> 1:01:25.680
<v Speaker 3>which are often quite vague, and these thought experiments can

1:01:25.720 --> 1:01:29.360
<v Speaker 3>make them clearer. Yeah. Anyway, good Outer Limits episode.

1:01:29.600 --> 1:01:32.400
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I recommend checking out. It's one of my favorites.

1:01:32.440 --> 1:01:35.640
<v Speaker 2>It's one of my wife's favorites. I think she she'd

1:01:35.680 --> 1:01:38.240
<v Speaker 2>seen it before our I did years ago, and she

1:01:38.920 --> 1:01:41.760
<v Speaker 2>always brings it up as an episode worth watching. So

1:01:41.840 --> 1:01:44.680
<v Speaker 2>I would agree not all of the Outer Limits episodes

1:01:44.720 --> 1:01:47.919
<v Speaker 2>are necessarily worth watching. Again, there are some weak ones,

1:01:47.960 --> 1:01:50.720
<v Speaker 2>but this one's a strong one, all right. And on

1:01:50.760 --> 1:01:52.360
<v Speaker 2>that note, we're going to go ahead and close up

1:01:52.440 --> 1:01:57.880
<v Speaker 2>Anthology of Horror volume nine. Thanks for listening, joining us

1:01:58.000 --> 1:02:00.640
<v Speaker 2>on this quest, and we'd love to hear from everyone

1:02:00.680 --> 1:02:03.160
<v Speaker 2>out there. If you have thoughts about the episodes in

1:02:03.200 --> 1:02:05.960
<v Speaker 2>particular or the show's in particular that we discussed here,

1:02:06.000 --> 1:02:08.480
<v Speaker 2>write in. And if you have thoughts about the subject

1:02:08.560 --> 1:02:12.960
<v Speaker 2>matter that we discussed about consciousness and the self about

1:02:13.520 --> 1:02:18.040
<v Speaker 2>Spanish Moss and different interpretations of it right in we

1:02:18.080 --> 1:02:20.880
<v Speaker 2>would love to hear from you. Just a reminder that

1:02:20.920 --> 1:02:23.840
<v Speaker 2>Stuff to Blow Your Mind as a science podcast with

1:02:24.120 --> 1:02:29.600
<v Speaker 2>core episodes on Tuesdays and Thursdays. We have a listener

1:02:29.600 --> 1:02:32.360
<v Speaker 2>mail episode on Mondays. We have a short form Monster

1:02:32.400 --> 1:02:35.200
<v Speaker 2>Factor Artifact episode on Wednesdays, and on Fridays, we set

1:02:35.200 --> 1:02:37.600
<v Speaker 2>aside most serious concerns to just talk about a weird

1:02:37.640 --> 1:02:41.000
<v Speaker 2>film on Weird House Cinema. And hey, if you use

1:02:41.040 --> 1:02:43.880
<v Speaker 2>any of the social media platforms, do check us out

1:02:43.920 --> 1:02:48.440
<v Speaker 2>and follow us there there, I've and running again on Instagram.

1:02:48.480 --> 1:02:51.080
<v Speaker 2>We are stbym.

1:02:50.040 --> 1:02:54.240
<v Speaker 3>Podcast huge thanks as always to our excellent audio producer

1:02:54.400 --> 1:02:57.480
<v Speaker 3>O Skull of Skulls Pauseway. If you would like to

1:02:57.480 --> 1:03:00.320
<v Speaker 3>get in touch with us with feedback on this episode, together,

1:03:00.360 --> 1:03:02.640
<v Speaker 3>to suggest a topic for the future, or just to

1:03:02.680 --> 1:03:06.000
<v Speaker 3>say hello, you can email us at contact Stuff to

1:03:06.040 --> 1:03:14.560
<v Speaker 3>Blow your Mind dot com.

1:03:14.600 --> 1:03:17.560
<v Speaker 1>Stuff to Blow Your Mind is production of iHeartRadio. For

1:03:17.640 --> 1:03:20.400
<v Speaker 1>more podcasts from My Heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app,

1:03:20.560 --> 1:03:37.560
<v Speaker 1>Apple Podcasts, or wherever you're listening to your favorite shows.