WEBVTT - Volcanic Winters, Microplastics, and More: Live from the Great Northern – Lab 057

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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Dope Labs, a weekly podcast that mixes hardcore science,

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<v Speaker 1>pop culture, and a healthy dosa friendship. This week, we

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<v Speaker 1>have a special episode that was recorded live at the

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<v Speaker 1>Great Northern Festival in Minneapolis, Minnesota. We had so much

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<v Speaker 1>fun during this live show because we talked about the

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<v Speaker 1>science of all things winter and what better place to

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<v Speaker 1>talk about the science of cold and all things winter

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<v Speaker 1>than the coldest place that I have ever been to

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<v Speaker 1>in these United States of America.

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<v Speaker 2>And we got a lot of flak tt on Instagram.

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<v Speaker 2>People were saying, why didn't you tell us you were

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<v Speaker 2>having a live show?

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<v Speaker 1>Well, y'all are spicy spicy in the comments, but we're

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<v Speaker 1>gonna go ahead and tell people.

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<v Speaker 3>Now.

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<v Speaker 2>We have a live show on April fourteenth at seven

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<v Speaker 2>pm at the Boston Museum of Science. So if you're

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<v Speaker 2>in the greater Boston area, come out and join us.

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<v Speaker 3>Tickets are free.

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<v Speaker 2>All you have to do is register and you can

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<v Speaker 2>get this same energy on April fourteenth. Yes, there will

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<v Speaker 2>be a link in our show notes for you to

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<v Speaker 2>register and come again. Those tickets are zero dollars and

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<v Speaker 2>zero cents. So we want to see you.

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<v Speaker 3>All right, Let's get into it.

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<v Speaker 2>Here's our conversation, recorded live from the Great Northern Festival.

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<v Speaker 4>M I came out too hot, too hot too. You

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<v Speaker 4>threw your micro my mic back flew off.

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<v Speaker 3>How are y'all feeling?

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<v Speaker 4>Thank you all so much for being here? It is cold.

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<v Speaker 4>I was like I wouldn't come.

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<v Speaker 3>But we're glad that you be very glad.

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<v Speaker 2>All right, so we like to have a little you know,

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<v Speaker 2>I don't know anybody here. Has anybody heard Dope Labs before?

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<v Speaker 3>Some people?

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<v Speaker 4>Okay, okay, so.

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<v Speaker 3>Y'all in the lab, all right, all.

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<v Speaker 2>Right, ok so you already know it's gonna be some

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<v Speaker 2>cackling in here. We're going to be laughing a lot tonight.

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<v Speaker 2>For those of you that don't know us. I'm Tt

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<v Speaker 2>and I'm Zachiah, and we both host Dope Labs, which

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<v Speaker 2>is our podcast that's for people who like science and

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<v Speaker 2>for people who are just like I'm not going okay,

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<v Speaker 2>I'm not quite sure. So we want to have a

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<v Speaker 2>little bit of fun with y'all. For just a little backstory.

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<v Speaker 2>Our podcast is built on like our experience as grad students.

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<v Speaker 2>So I'm a molecular biologist slash geneticist.

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<v Speaker 3>You know, I've done a little bit.

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<v Speaker 2>Of biochemistry, all of that, right, And when I was

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<v Speaker 2>in grad school, I met TT.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, and I was starting grad school and I was

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<v Speaker 1>I'm in material science and engineering, mechanical engineering, a little

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<v Speaker 1>bit of chemistry, a little bit of bio materials.

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<v Speaker 4>But not really. I'm not going to pretend like I

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<v Speaker 4>know any biology.

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<v Speaker 2>And so we liked for our podcast to feel like

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<v Speaker 2>what we think our experience was, which was friendship and science,

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<v Speaker 2>but not like.

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<v Speaker 3>Dry eyed science, right, a little bit of exciting science.

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<v Speaker 2>And so we graduated, and this is maybe twenty fourteen,

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<v Speaker 2>twenty fifteen, getting on up into the twenty sixteen and seventeen.

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<v Speaker 2>Anytime we told a joke, we said something that everybody

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<v Speaker 2>else was saying.

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<v Speaker 3>We should have a podcast, right, if you left.

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<v Speaker 4>A joke, Yeah, isn't that what everybody's doing. Isn't that

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<v Speaker 4>how it goes?

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<v Speaker 2>So that's kind of where we started, and we just

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<v Speaker 2>wanted to bring this, you know, care for each other,

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<v Speaker 2>this passion for science and a passion for explaining science.

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<v Speaker 2>So I like to say, well, TT says it most

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<v Speaker 2>of the time that I never meet a stranger, Okay, never,

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<v Speaker 2>I'm Southern. That's how it works. And you know, we

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<v Speaker 2>would go out and talk.

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<v Speaker 4>To people and we said she was or most of

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<v Speaker 4>the talking.

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<v Speaker 1>I was just doing the listening and like, hey, this

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<v Speaker 1>person may kill us.

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<v Speaker 3>No needs a fear. I'm good in hand to hand combat.

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<v Speaker 2>But if people found out that we were scientists, they

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<v Speaker 2>would ask questions like, you know, uh, I never figured

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<v Speaker 2>I never understood, like why is the sky blued? People

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<v Speaker 2>say it's something you know that's really simple, but can

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<v Speaker 2>you explain it?

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<v Speaker 1>Or they would ask, I don't understand about buoyancy? How

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<v Speaker 1>do ships stay afloat? Or they would ask things that

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<v Speaker 1>were more biological, biological in its background, where Zekiir would

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<v Speaker 1>really be able to chime in and I would just

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<v Speaker 1>be listening and you know, sipping my tea.

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<v Speaker 2>But I think what we found is this is where

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<v Speaker 2>we really loved science, at that intersection of excitement and

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<v Speaker 2>question asking and accessibility. And so that's what we try

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<v Speaker 2>to do with Dope Labs, and that's what we're gonna

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<v Speaker 2>try to do with y'all tonight.

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<v Speaker 3>Okay, also, buckle up, buckleloup, buckle up. All right.

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<v Speaker 2>So when we were saying, like okay, first of all,

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<v Speaker 2>girl is gonna be cold.

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<v Speaker 1>It's gonna be cold, not ready. Those are the two

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<v Speaker 1>things that we knew. It's gonna be cold and we're

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<v Speaker 1>not ready.

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<v Speaker 2>I'm gonna tell one of t T secrets since she's

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<v Speaker 2>gonna be upset. Maybe she wanted to wear a snowsuit

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<v Speaker 2>for this.

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<v Speaker 4>It was for fashion's sake.

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<v Speaker 1>I thought you a would really appreciate it. You understand

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<v Speaker 1>you and say, listen, I see you, I know what

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<v Speaker 1>you're doing.

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<v Speaker 4>It didn't come in time.

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<v Speaker 2>But you know, I said, hmm, that could be a

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<v Speaker 2>good end. You know, when we're talking about science, there's

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<v Speaker 2>just so much we could start with. When we think

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<v Speaker 2>about pop culture and what's happening, I said, what will

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<v Speaker 2>people want to hear from us? Maybe we could talk

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<v Speaker 2>about the lunar New Year that's happening.

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<v Speaker 4>Maybe yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>And then I said, maybe we could be spicy and

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<v Speaker 2>talk about Joe Rogan.

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<v Speaker 3>Maybe maybe.

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<v Speaker 2>But then I said, we should really talk about what's

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<v Speaker 2>really happening today, and the people aren't really I haven't

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<v Speaker 2>seen too much on Twitter Instagram about it, but it's

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<v Speaker 2>groundhouse back.

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<v Speaker 3>Yes.

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<v Speaker 1>Now, I grew up in Maryland, so that's just south

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<v Speaker 1>of Pennsylvania and punks and tiny phil This isn't him

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<v Speaker 1>I know him when I see him. Every Groundhog Day,

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<v Speaker 1>it's like, well, at least in Pennsylvania, it's a holiday,

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<v Speaker 1>and everybody's waiting to see if the groundhog sees it shadow,

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<v Speaker 1>and we're keeping our fingers crossed that he doesn't so

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<v Speaker 1>that we don't have to experience anymore cold winters. But

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<v Speaker 1>it turns out this morning he did. I think you

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<v Speaker 1>guys didn't really care because but I've read on the

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<v Speaker 1>East coast is not very happy about it.

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<v Speaker 2>And so when we started thinking about, you know, groundhogs, now,

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<v Speaker 2>TT has way more experience than I do with the groundhog,

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<v Speaker 2>like go way back. Yeah, not so much in North Carolina,

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<v Speaker 2>we don't really check in with that. But I was like,

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<v Speaker 2>is there a science to it? Not really, I feel

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<v Speaker 2>like this is just, you know, people are just having

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<v Speaker 2>a good time, having a good time. But then we

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<v Speaker 2>did start thinking, like, how do we know about what's

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<v Speaker 2>going to happen severe weather events and change in climate.

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<v Speaker 2>I think that's a big theme of the Great Northern

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<v Speaker 2>And so, you know, we have been We've had a

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<v Speaker 2>couple of episodes some of you may have heard them.

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<v Speaker 2>We've talked about some of the fires that we've seen

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<v Speaker 2>on the West Coast that we've seen in Australia, and

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<v Speaker 2>just you know, I think trying to get that sweet

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<v Speaker 2>balance when we're talking to folks about the difference between

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<v Speaker 2>weather day to day, like today supposed to feel like

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<v Speaker 2>minus fifteen okay, and people, you know, if I share

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<v Speaker 2>that on Instagram, people are gonna say, like, oh, that

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<v Speaker 2>just shows you climate change. It's not really that warm.

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<v Speaker 2>Look how cold it is. And I'm like, no, no, no, no, no,

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<v Speaker 2>We're talking about climate that's over a long period of time, right,

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<v Speaker 2>And so we're seeing all of these severe weather events

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<v Speaker 2>tied to increasing temperatures, ocean acidification, seeing melting of snow,

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<v Speaker 2>and so we're seeing a lot more things that feel

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<v Speaker 2>like heat waves, seeing way more heat waves. We're seeing

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<v Speaker 2>you know, hurricanes, way more hurricane activity than I ever remember,

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<v Speaker 2>now I have to have many years of record.

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<v Speaker 3>I don't have many years of record.

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<v Speaker 2>But we're seeing way more of this stuff, and that

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<v Speaker 2>still feels like it's related to winter. You know, it's

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<v Speaker 2>still related to all these things are kind of tied together.

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<v Speaker 3>And so I think.

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<v Speaker 2>We're starting to see a change of people coming around

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<v Speaker 2>the corner for kind of seeing that we all are

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<v Speaker 2>tied together, like these borders of what's Minnesota, what's Wisconsin,

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<v Speaker 2>What's I.

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<v Speaker 3>Don't even know if those are right beside each other.

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<v Speaker 4>Don't We didn't say we need geography?

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, yeah, yeah, I mean it's a science, but it's

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<v Speaker 3>not mine.

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<v Speaker 2>And you know, and so you know that's that's really

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<v Speaker 2>like fake kind of I mean, it's artificial, right, because

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<v Speaker 2>what's happening on the East Coast, what's happening in the Midwest,

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<v Speaker 2>all of that is all tied together. What's happening in

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<v Speaker 2>the North Pole, in Antarctica, in the Pacific Ocean. You know,

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<v Speaker 2>we just saw a volcano eruption there. All of those

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<v Speaker 2>things are tied together. And that's because this is.

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<v Speaker 3>All the water that we have.

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<v Speaker 2>Now, I don't know what y'all learned in elementary school,

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<v Speaker 2>maybe about the water cycle. Anybody have a water cycle

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<v Speaker 2>song that they know? No? Oh, I see somebody saying,

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<v Speaker 2>maybe it's a spotlight you're saying no, now, no, I

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<v Speaker 2>promise you. I mean I thought we were having a

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<v Speaker 2>good time, and so I had a water cycle song

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<v Speaker 2>and it was like condensation, evaporation, precipitation on my mind.

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<v Speaker 3>Anybody heard that.

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<v Speaker 4>I've never heard that that's hurtful.

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<v Speaker 2>Well, it's all part of the water cycle and it

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<v Speaker 2>happens all the time.

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<v Speaker 3>That was that second verse. But when we think about that,

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<v Speaker 3>this is all the water that we have.

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<v Speaker 2>So what's happening in Australia run off on the roads

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<v Speaker 2>and into the rivers and into greater bodies of water,

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<v Speaker 2>you know, into different basins. That's the same water from

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<v Speaker 2>that's ancestral water, right, Like that's water that evaporates your grandma's,

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<v Speaker 2>mama's water, you know. And when you really think about that,

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<v Speaker 2>that water has a record, like that water has a memory,

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<v Speaker 2>and we have to take care of it. One of

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<v Speaker 2>the things we've been seeing is over time, right when

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<v Speaker 2>we look at when we think about climate and we

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<v Speaker 2>think about changes on a really large scale over time,

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<v Speaker 2>we're seeing some warming oceans.

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<v Speaker 3>And you know, it may feel good for a vacation.

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<v Speaker 3>You're like, oh it's warm.

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<v Speaker 2>Out here, you know, Oh give my you know, get

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<v Speaker 2>my selfie, get my pictures off, right, But that's not

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<v Speaker 2>the only thing that's happening with these oceans. What we're

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<v Speaker 2>also getting is what I like to call spicier oceans. Okay, Now,

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<v Speaker 2>anybody suffer from like acid reflux or heartburn. Y'all don't

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<v Speaker 2>have that either. So y'all didn't know the water cycle

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<v Speaker 2>and you don't have heartburn. Okay, I'm just keeping I'm kidding, Store,

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<v Speaker 2>it's just me. It's well if i'm if I'm trying

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<v Speaker 2>to have a good time, I'm definitely having a roll, lads. Okay,

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<v Speaker 2>the ocean is is acidifying. Anybody heard of that before? Okay,

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<v Speaker 2>all right, we got to inform crowds. So when we

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<v Speaker 2>think about what does it mean to acidify? We know

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<v Speaker 2>about the pH scale. Have y'all seen alkaline water? Okay,

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<v Speaker 2>they say, like that's pH nine and above. So if

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<v Speaker 2>you look at this scale up here over in the blues,

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<v Speaker 2>that's your alkaline. What else is in the blue bleach

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<v Speaker 2>is alkaline? I'm trying to think soap is alkaline? The

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<v Speaker 2>ocean should be neutral. We wanted to be around seven.

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<v Speaker 3>Okay.

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<v Speaker 2>When you start to get over into the acidic areas,

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<v Speaker 2>you get into like lemon juice and tomatoes and coffee.

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<v Speaker 2>Those are the things that bother me. And then stomach acid,

0:11:41.000 --> 0:11:44.800
<v Speaker 2>which is around like pH two. Now our oceans are

0:11:45.280 --> 0:11:48.439
<v Speaker 2>because of the activity that we're having here as inhabitants

0:11:48.440 --> 0:11:52.439
<v Speaker 2>of planet Earth. Our oceans are starting to capture a

0:11:52.520 --> 0:11:56.200
<v Speaker 2>little bit more carbon dioxide, and we're getting this intricate process.

0:11:56.240 --> 0:11:58.199
<v Speaker 2>I won't take you through the chemistry, but if you

0:11:58.240 --> 0:12:02.679
<v Speaker 2>ask me later, I will. And we're getting some ocean asidification.

0:12:02.720 --> 0:12:04.960
<v Speaker 2>And people are like, oh, don't be so alarmed. The

0:12:04.960 --> 0:12:07.320
<v Speaker 2>pH is only changing, Like we're looking at steps of

0:12:07.320 --> 0:12:09.559
<v Speaker 2>one here on this scale behind us, But the pH

0:12:09.640 --> 0:12:12.440
<v Speaker 2>is only changing by zero point like point one, So

0:12:12.480 --> 0:12:16.079
<v Speaker 2>that's only a little bit. And I said, my friends, okay,

0:12:16.280 --> 0:12:19.120
<v Speaker 2>you're missing the point. It's a log scale. And so

0:12:19.160 --> 0:12:21.719
<v Speaker 2>if you guys have seen you know, not to take

0:12:21.800 --> 0:12:24.040
<v Speaker 2>us back to the past few years and what's happening.

0:12:24.200 --> 0:12:25.600
<v Speaker 3>But we've seen log scale before.

0:12:25.640 --> 0:12:28.120
<v Speaker 2>And so that zero point one percent change or zero

0:12:28.200 --> 0:12:32.200
<v Speaker 2>point one step change is about a thirty percent change

0:12:32.240 --> 0:12:35.880
<v Speaker 2>in acidification. So we're getting way more acidic. I don't

0:12:36.040 --> 0:12:38.880
<v Speaker 2>want to swim in a gin and tonic like, I

0:12:39.520 --> 0:12:40.920
<v Speaker 2>don't want the ocean to feel like that.

0:12:41.080 --> 0:12:42.040
<v Speaker 3>And it's not just me.

0:12:42.559 --> 0:12:44.360
<v Speaker 2>If you won't do it for yourselves, if we won't

0:12:44.440 --> 0:12:47.760
<v Speaker 2>change our behavior and stuff for you know, the future generations,

0:12:47.920 --> 0:12:51.320
<v Speaker 2>at least do it for the delicacies that we love. Okay,

0:12:52.040 --> 0:12:54.880
<v Speaker 2>So what we know with this like ocean acidification, is

0:12:54.880 --> 0:12:59.319
<v Speaker 2>that we're losing basically our gems, our treats, our oysters

0:12:59.360 --> 0:13:05.160
<v Speaker 2>and other organisms that create shells and exoskeletons, crustaceans, anybody

0:13:05.160 --> 0:13:05.640
<v Speaker 2>like shrimp.

0:13:06.240 --> 0:13:07.200
<v Speaker 3>I'm gonna stop asking.

0:13:07.080 --> 0:13:08.040
<v Speaker 4>The thank you them.

0:13:08.080 --> 0:13:10.280
<v Speaker 2>They don't eat anything, They don't eat anything, they don't

0:13:10.280 --> 0:13:11.840
<v Speaker 2>have heartburn, and they.

0:13:11.720 --> 0:13:13.040
<v Speaker 3>Don't know about the water cycles.

0:13:13.160 --> 0:13:13.679
<v Speaker 4>Just us.

0:13:13.760 --> 0:13:16.079
<v Speaker 2>Okay, So you guys do know some crustaceans and you

0:13:16.160 --> 0:13:19.760
<v Speaker 2>care about those. And so we're thinking about, you know,

0:13:19.800 --> 0:13:23.400
<v Speaker 2>when we look at the projection for what the pH

0:13:23.480 --> 0:13:25.280
<v Speaker 2>of the ocean might be based on the changes that

0:13:25.280 --> 0:13:27.720
<v Speaker 2>we're seeing now, we're thinking at the end of the century.

0:13:27.760 --> 0:13:28.760
<v Speaker 3>So twenty one hundred.

0:13:30.040 --> 0:13:34.120
<v Speaker 2>It's wild to say that when they've done scientists have

0:13:34.120 --> 0:13:36.160
<v Speaker 2>done experiments and they're saying, like snails and things that

0:13:36.200 --> 0:13:39.120
<v Speaker 2>create shells that are in the ocean, the shells are

0:13:39.120 --> 0:13:43.120
<v Speaker 2>dissolving like within forty five minutes because of the acidification

0:13:43.160 --> 0:13:44.000
<v Speaker 2>that we expect to have.

0:13:44.240 --> 0:13:45.280
<v Speaker 3>So I'm like, we got to make some.

0:13:45.320 --> 0:13:50.040
<v Speaker 1>Changes, absolutely absolutely, And one of the major changes that

0:13:50.080 --> 0:13:52.000
<v Speaker 1>we have to also think about when it comes to

0:13:52.040 --> 0:13:54.320
<v Speaker 1>these delicacies that are in the ocean. That we're thinking

0:13:54.320 --> 0:13:57.200
<v Speaker 1>about is microplastics. I think all of us are aware

0:13:57.320 --> 0:14:01.680
<v Speaker 1>that our ocean has a huge plastic problem. And plastic

0:14:01.800 --> 0:14:04.760
<v Speaker 1>is a really interesting material. I'm a material scientist. So

0:14:04.880 --> 0:14:06.440
<v Speaker 1>we'll talk about it just a little bit and we'll.

0:14:06.320 --> 0:14:10.160
<v Speaker 4>Keep going plastic. There's no way for it to degrade.

0:14:10.679 --> 0:14:14.600
<v Speaker 1>The plastic that you see in everything that we have

0:14:14.640 --> 0:14:17.640
<v Speaker 1>in our clothes, that we have in our shoes, that

0:14:18.000 --> 0:14:20.000
<v Speaker 1>we have in pretty much every.

0:14:19.800 --> 0:14:22.840
<v Speaker 4>Corner of our rooms. That plastic will exist forever.

0:14:23.040 --> 0:14:26.560
<v Speaker 1>It will never degrade, and it has to go somewhere,

0:14:26.800 --> 0:14:28.840
<v Speaker 1>and one of the places that is going is into

0:14:28.880 --> 0:14:31.880
<v Speaker 1>the ocean. Right now, they're saying that a majority of

0:14:31.920 --> 0:14:36.280
<v Speaker 1>the microplastics that are found in the ocean are from textiles,

0:14:36.600 --> 0:14:39.440
<v Speaker 1>so like clothing and things like that, because apparently y'all

0:14:39.440 --> 0:14:41.080
<v Speaker 1>are throwing your clothesway in the trash.

0:14:41.760 --> 0:14:43.680
<v Speaker 2>I didn't know people were doing that. I didn't know

0:14:43.680 --> 0:14:48.560
<v Speaker 2>I had plastic clothes. Content is the fabric of my life.

0:14:49.800 --> 0:14:54.560
<v Speaker 2>Car tires, Okay, I thought that was rubber material scientists,

0:14:54.760 --> 0:14:55.479
<v Speaker 2>I defer.

0:14:57.240 --> 0:15:00.440
<v Speaker 4>City dust exactly.

0:15:03.360 --> 0:15:04.720
<v Speaker 2>I mean, if you've been in New York, you know

0:15:04.800 --> 0:15:07.520
<v Speaker 2>what city does this, you're basically chewing the air.

0:15:07.920 --> 0:15:08.960
<v Speaker 4>It's nasty.

0:15:09.680 --> 0:15:12.440
<v Speaker 1>And then also what's really interesting is another large part

0:15:12.480 --> 0:15:17.640
<v Speaker 1>of it is road markings. Road markets are actually thermoplastic.

0:15:17.720 --> 0:15:19.440
<v Speaker 1>So I don't know if you've ever seen some road

0:15:19.520 --> 0:15:21.880
<v Speaker 1>markings being put down, but like they'll put fire on

0:15:21.920 --> 0:15:24.120
<v Speaker 1>top of it and helps it adhere to the road.

0:15:24.400 --> 0:15:28.160
<v Speaker 1>So it has synthetic materials as resin, and it's not

0:15:28.280 --> 0:15:31.600
<v Speaker 1>just paint. And so when it rains, when it snows

0:15:31.960 --> 0:15:35.680
<v Speaker 1>and it runs into our sewers, that's where it gets

0:15:35.720 --> 0:15:38.720
<v Speaker 1>incorporated into our water system and then that eventually gets

0:15:38.720 --> 0:15:39.560
<v Speaker 1>out into the ocean.

0:15:40.920 --> 0:15:42.400
<v Speaker 4>So there have been a lot of.

0:15:42.320 --> 0:15:44.720
<v Speaker 1>Studies that have been done to figure out how much

0:15:44.920 --> 0:15:48.640
<v Speaker 1>plastic is there actually in the ocean, and so you know,

0:15:49.000 --> 0:15:51.120
<v Speaker 1>let's show them. So there was some research that was

0:15:51.160 --> 0:15:56.880
<v Speaker 1>done with salps and they over eight years, they looked

0:15:56.880 --> 0:16:00.240
<v Speaker 1>at the gut of over one hundred salps and they

0:16:00.320 --> 0:16:04.040
<v Speaker 1>found microplastics in all of their stomach. So the reason

0:16:04.080 --> 0:16:06.480
<v Speaker 1>why they chose this type of fish, I had never

0:16:06.640 --> 0:16:11.960
<v Speaker 1>even seen this before. It looks like that, yes, is

0:16:12.000 --> 0:16:15.280
<v Speaker 1>because it's a filterfish. They live in about a mile

0:16:15.360 --> 0:16:18.960
<v Speaker 1>deep in the ocean and to propel themselves through the ocean.

0:16:19.080 --> 0:16:20.840
<v Speaker 1>They take water in and then they push it out,

0:16:20.920 --> 0:16:23.600
<v Speaker 1>and that's also how they eat. So then they became

0:16:23.760 --> 0:16:27.240
<v Speaker 1>like a really great animal to look at to figure

0:16:27.240 --> 0:16:30.000
<v Speaker 1>out if there's microplastics. They found microplastics in all one

0:16:30.080 --> 0:16:33.520
<v Speaker 1>hundred over eight years. So they are estimating that in

0:16:33.600 --> 0:16:40.880
<v Speaker 1>the ocean that there is about eight million microplastic particles

0:16:41.160 --> 0:16:42.520
<v Speaker 1>per cubic meter.

0:16:43.560 --> 0:16:46.760
<v Speaker 3>I thought you meant total. We're gonna say total, no.

0:16:47.760 --> 0:16:52.760
<v Speaker 4>Cubic meter, eight million microplastics. So it's a problem. It's

0:16:52.840 --> 0:16:54.880
<v Speaker 4>a really really big problem.

0:16:56.640 --> 0:17:00.080
<v Speaker 1>And so like I was saying, when you have we

0:17:00.160 --> 0:17:03.480
<v Speaker 1>have all of these ways for the microplastics to get

0:17:03.520 --> 0:17:06.280
<v Speaker 1>into our water system, into our ocean, and like Zekiah

0:17:06.320 --> 0:17:09.600
<v Speaker 1>was saying, this water is all that we have, and

0:17:09.680 --> 0:17:12.240
<v Speaker 1>it has that closed loop, so it's really cyclical. You know,

0:17:12.280 --> 0:17:15.439
<v Speaker 1>it rains, it goes into the water, evaporates, goes back

0:17:15.480 --> 0:17:15.920
<v Speaker 1>into the sky.

0:17:16.080 --> 0:17:16.639
<v Speaker 4>We drink it.

0:17:17.200 --> 0:17:22.480
<v Speaker 1>Now they're finding microplastics in snowpack in mountains, they're taking samples.

0:17:22.600 --> 0:17:25.879
<v Speaker 1>This is a paper from Europe, but they've also found

0:17:25.880 --> 0:17:29.959
<v Speaker 1>it in Colorado. So we know that there's microplastics in

0:17:30.000 --> 0:17:32.640
<v Speaker 1>the snow. And so then you think about the animals

0:17:32.640 --> 0:17:37.199
<v Speaker 1>that live there, the people who drink water that's really fresh,

0:17:37.520 --> 0:17:40.040
<v Speaker 1>that it comes from the mountains, and what does that

0:17:40.160 --> 0:17:44.760
<v Speaker 1>mean for us as humans and as how we consume.

0:17:45.280 --> 0:17:49.199
<v Speaker 1>So when you think about snow and microplastics in the

0:17:49.240 --> 0:17:55.480
<v Speaker 1>snow and snow formation, it seems really possible that microplastic

0:17:55.520 --> 0:17:58.280
<v Speaker 1>could be in the snow that's just falling down onto

0:17:58.320 --> 0:17:58.960
<v Speaker 1>our streets.

0:17:59.320 --> 0:18:04.719
<v Speaker 4>Because if you think of the structure of water, so

0:18:05.119 --> 0:18:05.600
<v Speaker 4>h two oz.

0:18:07.359 --> 0:18:13.240
<v Speaker 1>When it's frozen, it makes us really discrete hexagonal pattern,

0:18:13.960 --> 0:18:19.280
<v Speaker 1>and so as a snowflake grows, it's going to expand

0:18:20.119 --> 0:18:23.840
<v Speaker 1>in a way that only that fits that hexagonal pattern,

0:18:23.880 --> 0:18:27.040
<v Speaker 1>which is why snowflakes are always pretty symmetric.

0:18:27.520 --> 0:18:30.359
<v Speaker 4>But they also are never the same, as we all know.

0:18:30.840 --> 0:18:32.679
<v Speaker 1>And the reason why they're never the same is because

0:18:33.920 --> 0:18:35.639
<v Speaker 1>up in the clouds when you have the water vapor.

0:18:35.760 --> 0:18:38.760
<v Speaker 1>So some people think that snowflakes start from a water droplet,

0:18:38.800 --> 0:18:39.320
<v Speaker 1>that's not true.

0:18:39.320 --> 0:18:40.159
<v Speaker 4>It's water vapor.

0:18:40.359 --> 0:18:43.359
<v Speaker 1>That water vapor then condenses onto a piece of dust

0:18:43.640 --> 0:18:46.960
<v Speaker 1>or a piece of plastic, and that's when it starts

0:18:46.960 --> 0:18:49.760
<v Speaker 1>to grow. So if you go back one side, you

0:18:49.760 --> 0:18:53.080
<v Speaker 1>can see that dependent on depending on the humidity. So

0:18:53.160 --> 0:18:55.439
<v Speaker 1>the amount of water vapor that is in the cloud,

0:18:55.920 --> 0:18:59.080
<v Speaker 1>and then the temperature at the time that dictates the

0:18:59.119 --> 0:19:05.320
<v Speaker 1>size and shape of your snowflake. So the colder it is,

0:19:05.720 --> 0:19:08.159
<v Speaker 1>the more it's the snowflake stays pretty flat.

0:19:08.440 --> 0:19:09.800
<v Speaker 4>The warmer it gets.

0:19:10.600 --> 0:19:12.720
<v Speaker 1>No, the colder it is, the more intricate that the

0:19:12.760 --> 0:19:15.600
<v Speaker 1>design gets. The warm it is, the more it stays flat,

0:19:16.119 --> 0:19:19.480
<v Speaker 1>the more humidities, the more water vapor. You could see

0:19:19.480 --> 0:19:22.560
<v Speaker 1>that it becomes more and more and more intricate. And

0:19:22.600 --> 0:19:25.920
<v Speaker 1>these snowflakes aren't the same because while they're in the

0:19:25.920 --> 0:19:28.440
<v Speaker 1>their water vapor state and they're beginning to grow, they're

0:19:28.480 --> 0:19:30.920
<v Speaker 1>traveling through these clouds, they're flying all over the place,

0:19:30.920 --> 0:19:33.080
<v Speaker 1>and no two snowflakes take the same path.

0:19:33.520 --> 0:19:34.399
<v Speaker 4>It's kind of like people.

0:19:35.119 --> 0:19:38.040
<v Speaker 1>And so by the time they reach their critical mass

0:19:38.200 --> 0:19:40.399
<v Speaker 1>and they start to get too heavy to stay inside

0:19:40.400 --> 0:19:42.680
<v Speaker 1>of clouds, that's when they start to fall down.

0:19:43.760 --> 0:19:44.640
<v Speaker 4>And so when you start to.

0:19:44.560 --> 0:19:51.120
<v Speaker 1>Think about snow and microplastics, it really makes you think

0:19:51.160 --> 0:19:53.119
<v Speaker 1>about how you know, when we were kids, we were

0:19:53.160 --> 0:19:55.320
<v Speaker 1>outside and the snowing and you stick it hung up.

0:19:57.160 --> 0:19:59.480
<v Speaker 1>Now it kind of it kind of ruins that for

0:19:59.520 --> 0:20:01.640
<v Speaker 1>everybody because you don't want to do that too much.

0:20:01.640 --> 0:20:03.359
<v Speaker 1>I don't think anymore, because then you might end up

0:20:03.400 --> 0:20:04.440
<v Speaker 1>pooping legos.

0:20:07.119 --> 0:20:08.240
<v Speaker 4>We're gonna take a quick.

0:20:08.080 --> 0:20:10.360
<v Speaker 1>Break, but when we get back we'll have more from

0:20:10.400 --> 0:20:33.280
<v Speaker 1>our live show at the Great Northern Festival. We're back,

0:20:33.359 --> 0:20:35.920
<v Speaker 1>but before we get to today's show, just the heads

0:20:36.000 --> 0:20:38.400
<v Speaker 1>up that next week we have a really great episode

0:20:38.400 --> 0:20:41.360
<v Speaker 1>for you. It's all about the connection between our minds

0:20:41.400 --> 0:20:44.960
<v Speaker 1>and our bodies. We're talking to doctor Suzanne O'Sullivan about

0:20:45.040 --> 0:20:46.639
<v Speaker 1>psychosomatic disorders.

0:20:46.760 --> 0:20:49.199
<v Speaker 2>So don't miss it. Now let's get back to the

0:20:49.200 --> 0:20:57.800
<v Speaker 2>Great Northern Festivals. I'm not up for pooping legos, but

0:20:57.880 --> 0:21:01.640
<v Speaker 2>I think the thing we have realized. So we've been

0:21:01.640 --> 0:21:04.280
<v Speaker 2>here for a couple of days, and I think the

0:21:04.720 --> 0:21:07.120
<v Speaker 2>major takeaway I've been having a good time.

0:21:07.359 --> 0:21:10.320
<v Speaker 3>I've been having a great time here. Okay. I came

0:21:10.320 --> 0:21:11.000
<v Speaker 3>here from Atlanta.

0:21:11.200 --> 0:21:13.520
<v Speaker 2>I put on I bundled up, and I said, Wow,

0:21:14.240 --> 0:21:16.680
<v Speaker 2>winter is different here, Like y'all are doing stuff.

0:21:17.320 --> 0:21:19.320
<v Speaker 4>No one's staying at home, everybody's out.

0:21:19.880 --> 0:21:22.639
<v Speaker 2>These winters are not created equal. Now winter for me,

0:21:22.680 --> 0:21:25.560
<v Speaker 2>I'm like, oh, dreary, there's nothing to do. Everything's closed.

0:21:26.160 --> 0:21:27.880
<v Speaker 3>Uh, there's no snow.

0:21:29.080 --> 0:21:31.480
<v Speaker 2>And even the call, even the thought that there might

0:21:31.520 --> 0:21:34.640
<v Speaker 2>be snow. Uh, there's way less activity than we see here.

0:21:35.400 --> 0:21:38.119
<v Speaker 2>And so, you know, I just have been like, we

0:21:38.160 --> 0:21:41.000
<v Speaker 2>could could learn something, We could learn something, you know,

0:21:41.760 --> 0:21:44.040
<v Speaker 2>maybe we could maybe I need to be here in

0:21:44.040 --> 0:21:45.760
<v Speaker 2>the winter, like to see all the things that are

0:21:45.760 --> 0:21:46.959
<v Speaker 2>going on with the Great Northern I don't know if

0:21:46.960 --> 0:21:49.720
<v Speaker 2>you guys have done anything else that's part of the festival.

0:21:50.800 --> 0:21:54.960
<v Speaker 2>I mean, you have pond hockey. I see people doing

0:21:54.960 --> 0:21:56.399
<v Speaker 2>some things. We're gonnahow you a little bit because I

0:21:56.440 --> 0:21:59.920
<v Speaker 2>have some questions for y'all. You know, people doing all

0:22:00.119 --> 0:22:04.680
<v Speaker 2>kinds of stuff just outside, having a good time, brewery tours.

0:22:06.240 --> 0:22:08.399
<v Speaker 3>I just don't know. We don't have that, and I

0:22:08.480 --> 0:22:11.280
<v Speaker 3>want it. I want it. But I was looking.

0:22:11.280 --> 0:22:13.040
<v Speaker 2>When I started looking, I was like, why is you know,

0:22:13.080 --> 0:22:15.840
<v Speaker 2>I'm in Google, Like, why is winter more so awful?

0:22:17.520 --> 0:22:20.679
<v Speaker 2>So awful in Atlanta? It's so great here, Okay. So,

0:22:21.440 --> 0:22:23.080
<v Speaker 2>and I found this different kind of winter that I

0:22:23.119 --> 0:22:25.880
<v Speaker 2>hadn't heard of. So, you know, we saw a volcanic

0:22:26.440 --> 0:22:29.800
<v Speaker 2>eruption a couple of weeks ago that was really devastating

0:22:29.920 --> 0:22:34.159
<v Speaker 2>in the Southern Pacific Ocean in Tonga. And when I

0:22:34.240 --> 0:22:36.320
<v Speaker 2>was looking at that and looking up different stuff about winter.

0:22:36.359 --> 0:22:38.679
<v Speaker 2>I came across the volcanic winter. Anybody ever heard of

0:22:38.680 --> 0:22:42.080
<v Speaker 2>that before? I want to see somebody says, yes, well

0:22:42.240 --> 0:22:44.760
<v Speaker 2>I hadn't heard of it me either, And we're gonna

0:22:44.760 --> 0:22:45.480
<v Speaker 2>talk about it real quick.

0:22:45.520 --> 0:22:45.800
<v Speaker 4>Okay.

0:22:45.880 --> 0:22:49.880
<v Speaker 2>So a volcanic winter is basically you have a volcano

0:22:49.960 --> 0:22:52.320
<v Speaker 2>that erupts and it is pushing up so much ash,

0:22:52.320 --> 0:22:55.200
<v Speaker 2>and you have a sulfur as well that you basically

0:22:55.240 --> 0:22:59.760
<v Speaker 2>create this cloud of debris and particles in the stratosphere.

0:23:00.280 --> 0:23:03.200
<v Speaker 2>Now we won't get into like what all those little

0:23:03.240 --> 0:23:04.080
<v Speaker 2>things are and what's happening.

0:23:04.119 --> 0:23:04.919
<v Speaker 3>I won't walk you through that.

0:23:04.960 --> 0:23:08.720
<v Speaker 2>But what you basically create, or what the environment or

0:23:08.720 --> 0:23:11.560
<v Speaker 2>the atmosphere creates is now want to switch to summer.

0:23:11.600 --> 0:23:13.920
<v Speaker 2>You know those little reflective things you can put in

0:23:13.920 --> 0:23:15.560
<v Speaker 2>your windshield so the car doesn't get too hot.

0:23:15.920 --> 0:23:17.119
<v Speaker 3>It basically creates that in the.

0:23:17.119 --> 0:23:21.680
<v Speaker 2>Atmosphere, right, And so any sun that's coming down gets

0:23:21.680 --> 0:23:23.879
<v Speaker 2>reflected back any heat, and so what you get is

0:23:24.720 --> 0:23:28.320
<v Speaker 2>effective winter. So global decrease in temperature two to three

0:23:28.359 --> 0:23:33.000
<v Speaker 2>degrees globally just from a powerful volcanic eruption.

0:23:33.480 --> 0:23:34.560
<v Speaker 3>And I was like, is.

0:23:34.560 --> 0:23:36.760
<v Speaker 2>This for real when I first saw it, because I

0:23:36.760 --> 0:23:38.840
<v Speaker 2>hadn't heard of it before. I felt like everybody did

0:23:38.840 --> 0:23:41.080
<v Speaker 2>a science project with a volcano, they didn't talk about

0:23:41.080 --> 0:23:45.240
<v Speaker 2>it then, No, And so I was like, wow, I'm

0:23:45.280 --> 0:23:48.040
<v Speaker 2>not sure. I don't know about this. And I looked

0:23:48.040 --> 0:23:51.120
<v Speaker 2>a little bit more beyond Wikipedia, and I said, oh,

0:23:51.160 --> 0:23:52.600
<v Speaker 2>it looks like the last time this happened was in

0:23:52.640 --> 0:23:54.720
<v Speaker 2>like nineteen twelve. But they can track this back to

0:23:54.880 --> 0:23:58.520
<v Speaker 2>so many years ago. And I was like, well, what's

0:23:58.520 --> 0:24:02.119
<v Speaker 2>the real like, what's the real evidence of this? And

0:24:02.359 --> 0:24:05.760
<v Speaker 2>there is some they're taking full ice cores, So y'all

0:24:05.640 --> 0:24:08.520
<v Speaker 2>all probably familiar with ice cores. We don't have that, okay,

0:24:08.640 --> 0:24:10.880
<v Speaker 2>But they're taking these ice cores and going so deep

0:24:10.880 --> 0:24:13.399
<v Speaker 2>and pulling the ice out, and they can see volcanic

0:24:13.680 --> 0:24:16.119
<v Speaker 2>ash covering. So if you look at that thick gray

0:24:16.240 --> 0:24:19.560
<v Speaker 2>ring here in this cylinder, evidence of a volcanic winter.

0:24:19.800 --> 0:24:23.639
<v Speaker 1>So that's kind of like tree rings or the or

0:24:23.680 --> 0:24:26.400
<v Speaker 1>in rock faces. How they can look back and look

0:24:26.400 --> 0:24:27.760
<v Speaker 1>at like striations and things like that.

0:24:28.160 --> 0:24:31.000
<v Speaker 2>Now I love this kind of science. It feels really exciting.

0:24:31.080 --> 0:24:33.280
<v Speaker 2>It feels I can see it with the naked eye,

0:24:33.280 --> 0:24:35.640
<v Speaker 2>compared to like molecular biology, which is what I've done.

0:24:36.320 --> 0:24:38.439
<v Speaker 2>But It also feels a little unsafe, like do we

0:24:38.520 --> 0:24:41.040
<v Speaker 2>know this isn't a load bearing ice core? You know,

0:24:41.119 --> 0:24:43.320
<v Speaker 2>Like I just feel like we shouldn't take too many

0:24:43.359 --> 0:24:45.400
<v Speaker 2>of these, you know, punch out right from the earth.

0:24:45.440 --> 0:24:47.680
<v Speaker 2>I feel like somebody should be regular right the.

0:24:47.720 --> 0:24:48.720
<v Speaker 4>Whole punch in the earth.

0:24:48.960 --> 0:24:51.119
<v Speaker 1>Something's gonna happen, Something bad is gonna happen.

0:24:51.440 --> 0:24:53.239
<v Speaker 2>I've seen a lot of movies, and that's usually how

0:24:53.240 --> 0:24:56.080
<v Speaker 2>it starts. Now, this is what I want to ask

0:24:56.119 --> 0:24:56.520
<v Speaker 2>you all about.

0:24:56.640 --> 0:24:58.840
<v Speaker 4>Yes, we've got questions, we've.

0:24:58.640 --> 0:25:00.800
<v Speaker 2>Got Now I'm interested. I'm gonna tell you I'm in

0:25:00.920 --> 0:25:01.679
<v Speaker 2>thermal culture.

0:25:01.920 --> 0:25:02.280
<v Speaker 4>M hm.

0:25:02.840 --> 0:25:06.600
<v Speaker 2>So y'all are dipping in different hot water bests while

0:25:06.600 --> 0:25:10.480
<v Speaker 2>it's cold outside. They go from hot water than cold water,

0:25:11.520 --> 0:25:12.800
<v Speaker 2>then back to hot, then.

0:25:12.800 --> 0:25:15.119
<v Speaker 4>Back to cold. I don't know how many cycles y'all do,

0:25:15.520 --> 0:25:17.560
<v Speaker 4>but it's different.

0:25:17.640 --> 0:25:18.280
<v Speaker 3>It's different.

0:25:18.640 --> 0:25:20.760
<v Speaker 2>Now we don't we haven't figured out the science behind

0:25:20.760 --> 0:25:21.240
<v Speaker 2>this one.

0:25:21.520 --> 0:25:23.120
<v Speaker 3>But we're trying to.

0:25:23.040 --> 0:25:25.320
<v Speaker 2>Find a way to make it an episode, okay, and

0:25:25.359 --> 0:25:27.240
<v Speaker 2>we're gonna have to shout out all of y'all yeah,

0:25:27.240 --> 0:25:28.919
<v Speaker 2>because you know, this is your own thing. So when

0:25:28.960 --> 0:25:30.760
<v Speaker 2>we do it, we're gonna you know, on social media,

0:25:30.800 --> 0:25:32.360
<v Speaker 2>we're gonna ask for a call. We're gonna say, hey,

0:25:32.480 --> 0:25:34.640
<v Speaker 2>let us know what you think. If you've ever done this,

0:25:34.720 --> 0:25:37.080
<v Speaker 2>I want y'all to call in and tell us. Okay,

0:25:37.359 --> 0:25:38.119
<v Speaker 2>we want to hear it.

0:25:39.920 --> 0:25:42.720
<v Speaker 1>And so another thing that we found that was very

0:25:42.720 --> 0:25:45.120
<v Speaker 1>interesting when we were, you know, doing our googles, why

0:25:45.320 --> 0:25:48.679
<v Speaker 1>is winter is so awful but seems so manageable to

0:25:48.800 --> 0:25:50.040
<v Speaker 1>people in the Midwest.

0:25:51.280 --> 0:25:58.920
<v Speaker 4>Apparently you are smarter. Yes, I think it's fair. Big

0:25:59.000 --> 0:26:01.400
<v Speaker 4>up yourselves, Big up to y'all.

0:26:02.400 --> 0:26:05.919
<v Speaker 1>There have been studies that have shown that folks that

0:26:05.960 --> 0:26:09.760
<v Speaker 1>are in cooler climates are actually smarter. They make better

0:26:09.920 --> 0:26:12.919
<v Speaker 1>decisions than people in warmer climates. And the studies that

0:26:12.920 --> 0:26:15.160
<v Speaker 1>they were doing is that they would have so apparently

0:26:15.560 --> 0:26:17.919
<v Speaker 1>a comfortable temperature is seventy two degrees. I know that

0:26:17.960 --> 0:26:23.000
<v Speaker 1>probably sounds balmy to y'all, but so they put folks

0:26:23.040 --> 0:26:25.920
<v Speaker 1>that were in a room colder than seventy two degrees

0:26:26.000 --> 0:26:29.000
<v Speaker 1>five five degrees and then warmer, and they gave them

0:26:29.280 --> 0:26:33.359
<v Speaker 1>a series of tasks. In almost one hundred percent of

0:26:33.400 --> 0:26:36.760
<v Speaker 1>the time, the people who were in the cooler rooms

0:26:36.880 --> 0:26:40.399
<v Speaker 1>performed way better. And it's not even that they were

0:26:40.440 --> 0:26:44.960
<v Speaker 1>able to perform better. They were able to choose routes.

0:26:44.600 --> 0:26:47.720
<v Speaker 4>To get to an answer that made more sense.

0:26:47.760 --> 0:26:51.520
<v Speaker 1>They were more logical and they didn't stray away from

0:26:52.040 --> 0:26:53.080
<v Speaker 1>complex thinking.

0:26:53.280 --> 0:26:56.320
<v Speaker 4>The people in warmer in the warmer rooms.

0:26:56.080 --> 0:26:58.159
<v Speaker 2>They would always just kind of take the easiest route

0:26:58.160 --> 0:26:59.920
<v Speaker 2>to be able to finish whatever they were doing.

0:27:00.760 --> 0:27:03.400
<v Speaker 4>So that was really really interesting to me, and I said, Wow,

0:27:03.440 --> 0:27:07.440
<v Speaker 4>I guess, I guess maybe the people.

0:27:07.119 --> 0:27:09.840
<v Speaker 2>In Minnesota know what they're doing and they they've got it.

0:27:10.000 --> 0:27:12.040
<v Speaker 2>They've got it all figured out. They know exactly what

0:27:12.240 --> 0:27:13.280
<v Speaker 2>I mean. I saw the skywalking.

0:27:13.359 --> 0:27:17.280
<v Speaker 4>That seems smart, genius, smart genius. I was like, you

0:27:17.280 --> 0:27:19.320
<v Speaker 4>don't even have to go outside. This is perfect.

0:27:20.280 --> 0:27:23.960
<v Speaker 2>But then I was like, are they smarter because they

0:27:23.960 --> 0:27:28.480
<v Speaker 2>also do things like this, and y'all seem to do

0:27:28.560 --> 0:27:29.960
<v Speaker 2>it a lot and like to do it, and I

0:27:30.000 --> 0:27:34.080
<v Speaker 2>don't really understand. It feels dangerous, it feels very dangerous.

0:27:34.160 --> 0:27:37.280
<v Speaker 2>But luckily for y'all, I've taken a lot of physics,

0:27:37.320 --> 0:27:40.920
<v Speaker 2>so I was able to I was able to understand

0:27:40.960 --> 0:27:42.840
<v Speaker 2>it a little bit more so for someone like the

0:27:42.880 --> 0:27:43.440
<v Speaker 2>ski jump.

0:27:44.640 --> 0:27:46.399
<v Speaker 1>I'm sure you've all seen it. The Winter Olympics is

0:27:46.480 --> 0:27:49.720
<v Speaker 1>upon us. We are very excited about it. With the

0:27:49.720 --> 0:27:53.000
<v Speaker 1>ski jump. They go down that long ramp and they

0:27:53.080 --> 0:27:56.760
<v Speaker 1>launch themselves into the sky and they all make the

0:27:56.800 --> 0:28:00.639
<v Speaker 1>same shape with their body, and that's intentional, of course,

0:28:01.400 --> 0:28:02.920
<v Speaker 1>and it's because of physics.

0:28:03.119 --> 0:28:04.480
<v Speaker 4>They're making this shape with.

0:28:04.440 --> 0:28:09.439
<v Speaker 1>Their body that is one aerodynamic but also gives them

0:28:09.480 --> 0:28:13.479
<v Speaker 1>the ability to fly, so it gives them lift. So

0:28:14.520 --> 0:28:18.320
<v Speaker 1>it's the same thought process, the same physics that's used

0:28:18.320 --> 0:28:20.959
<v Speaker 1>for airplane wings. You can see that the shape is

0:28:21.200 --> 0:28:24.679
<v Speaker 1>roughly the same. Right, the air that's passing over a

0:28:24.720 --> 0:28:28.840
<v Speaker 1>ski jumper is going a lot faster, and what that

0:28:28.920 --> 0:28:31.920
<v Speaker 1>does is it creates a difference in pressure, so there's

0:28:32.000 --> 0:28:35.440
<v Speaker 1>higher pressure beneath them, and that pushes them up into

0:28:35.440 --> 0:28:38.800
<v Speaker 1>the sky. Now they don't have an engine on their backs,

0:28:39.120 --> 0:28:40.240
<v Speaker 1>so they got.

0:28:40.040 --> 0:28:40.920
<v Speaker 4>To come down to the ground.

0:28:40.960 --> 0:28:43.440
<v Speaker 1>And that's well, that's not the only part that scares me,

0:28:43.480 --> 0:28:45.920
<v Speaker 1>but they got to come down to the ground. So

0:28:46.720 --> 0:28:50.000
<v Speaker 1>once they reach their peak, they start to make their

0:28:50.040 --> 0:28:52.680
<v Speaker 1>way down, they change the shape of their skis and

0:28:52.720 --> 0:28:54.520
<v Speaker 1>then when they hit the ground, they always make sure

0:28:54.520 --> 0:28:57.840
<v Speaker 1>they have bent knees and they are able to distribute

0:28:57.960 --> 0:29:00.760
<v Speaker 1>the energy that they have accumulated from going down the

0:29:00.840 --> 0:29:04.240
<v Speaker 1>ramp so fast, flying through the sky and distribute that

0:29:04.400 --> 0:29:09.560
<v Speaker 1>energy into the ground and not into their bones and crash.

0:29:09.600 --> 0:29:14.280
<v Speaker 1>So that is something that I think you gotta be

0:29:14.360 --> 0:29:16.400
<v Speaker 1>pretty smart to be able to do that.

0:29:16.560 --> 0:29:18.440
<v Speaker 4>So it lines up with the science.

0:29:18.520 --> 0:29:21.000
<v Speaker 2>I mean, I think we gotta figure it out, Like

0:29:21.120 --> 0:29:23.760
<v Speaker 2>y'all know something that we don't know yet on the

0:29:23.760 --> 0:29:26.760
<v Speaker 2>East coast. Yeah, because meanwhile on the East Coast, a

0:29:26.800 --> 0:29:33.520
<v Speaker 2>few weeks ago, we got a whopping four inches of snow. Okay,

0:29:33.760 --> 0:29:36.400
<v Speaker 2>imagine it.

0:29:36.320 --> 0:29:39.800
<v Speaker 1>Was a dark time for us.

0:29:40.600 --> 0:29:42.920
<v Speaker 4>We were struggling. These people, these are real pictures.

0:29:42.920 --> 0:29:46.280
<v Speaker 1>They were stranded overnight on the highway from four inches

0:29:46.280 --> 0:29:46.680
<v Speaker 1>of snow.

0:29:47.040 --> 0:29:48.200
<v Speaker 4>Because we don't know what we're doing.

0:29:48.760 --> 0:29:53.600
<v Speaker 2>And there's a warm temperature decisions Okay, they need to

0:29:53.640 --> 0:29:55.400
<v Speaker 2>lower the temperature when they decide how we're going to

0:29:55.480 --> 0:29:56.000
<v Speaker 2>prepare for.

0:29:55.960 --> 0:29:59.080
<v Speaker 1>The snow exactly. And I mean we've had This isn't

0:29:59.080 --> 0:29:59.960
<v Speaker 1>the first time this has happen.

0:30:00.560 --> 0:30:03.360
<v Speaker 2>Now, this a couple of Ooh, I don't know how

0:30:03.360 --> 0:30:04.600
<v Speaker 2>long ago it was, but t T and I were

0:30:04.640 --> 0:30:05.240
<v Speaker 2>in grad school.

0:30:05.520 --> 0:30:07.960
<v Speaker 3>This is in Durham, North Carolina. Yes, this is a

0:30:08.000 --> 0:30:10.640
<v Speaker 3>story were gonna tell often, but y'all are our.

0:30:10.520 --> 0:30:13.840
<v Speaker 2>Friends now, so yeah, we're gonna tell it. We both

0:30:13.840 --> 0:30:15.240
<v Speaker 2>are in the lab and I'm like, oh girl, it's

0:30:15.280 --> 0:30:16.040
<v Speaker 2>gonna snow today.

0:30:16.640 --> 0:30:17.480
<v Speaker 3>They always say it's.

0:30:17.360 --> 0:30:21.160
<v Speaker 2>Gonna snows neverth Carolina. And I'm like, hmmm, we're gonna

0:30:21.200 --> 0:30:23.440
<v Speaker 2>go out, you know. So we're gonna do our experiments,

0:30:23.480 --> 0:30:25.479
<v Speaker 2>set everything up. We can go out after after our

0:30:25.520 --> 0:30:28.280
<v Speaker 2>experiments are done. And then they're like, no, no, the

0:30:28.360 --> 0:30:31.800
<v Speaker 2>ice is coming. It's ice and snow. Everything comes to

0:30:31.840 --> 0:30:34.560
<v Speaker 2>a screeching halt. So we're at Duke at the time.

0:30:34.680 --> 0:30:37.440
<v Speaker 2>We're in the labs, but Duke is a major employer

0:30:37.760 --> 0:30:41.080
<v Speaker 2>in Durham, North Carolina. But also when Duke makes a decision,

0:30:41.680 --> 0:30:45.440
<v Speaker 2>so does everybody else. So the whole city of Durham

0:30:45.560 --> 0:30:49.600
<v Speaker 2>just says two o'clock. Everything's canceled, everything's closed.

0:30:51.840 --> 0:30:52.160
<v Speaker 4>Crying.

0:30:52.680 --> 0:30:53.560
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, I mean.

0:30:54.880 --> 0:30:57.280
<v Speaker 2>So we both park in the same parking garage. I

0:30:57.400 --> 0:31:00.160
<v Speaker 2>was on like the top floor. It took us so

0:31:00.240 --> 0:31:04.000
<v Speaker 2>long to get down out of the garage, and I said,

0:31:04.040 --> 0:31:05.760
<v Speaker 2>tit grow, What do you think is happening? So we're

0:31:05.800 --> 0:31:08.560
<v Speaker 2>facetiming each other okay in the car because we've been

0:31:08.560 --> 0:31:10.520
<v Speaker 2>in there so long, and I said this, you know,

0:31:10.600 --> 0:31:11.680
<v Speaker 2>it's been thirty minutes.

0:31:11.800 --> 0:31:13.160
<v Speaker 3>That's a long time to be to.

0:31:13.120 --> 0:31:15.920
<v Speaker 2>Be in the garage trying to get out, and the

0:31:15.960 --> 0:31:18.960
<v Speaker 2>things I'm thinking about are like, so much exhaust?

0:31:19.320 --> 0:31:22.680
<v Speaker 3>Should we all be here like this? You know, it

0:31:22.720 --> 0:31:23.479
<v Speaker 3>doesn't seem right now.

0:31:23.520 --> 0:31:25.040
<v Speaker 2>Normally the cars come and go, so you have time

0:31:25.080 --> 0:31:25.880
<v Speaker 2>for this stuff to clear.

0:31:27.080 --> 0:31:29.040
<v Speaker 3>Do I have enough gas? I waited the last minute

0:31:29.080 --> 0:31:30.959
<v Speaker 3>for everything. Do I have enough gas? If we continue

0:31:31.000 --> 0:31:32.120
<v Speaker 3>to wait here and idle, I.

0:31:32.040 --> 0:31:33.280
<v Speaker 4>Thought we were gonna have to sleep there.

0:31:34.400 --> 0:31:37.200
<v Speaker 2>I mean, just to give you a taste of the

0:31:37.280 --> 0:31:40.560
<v Speaker 2>level of panic. We're in line, waiting to get still

0:31:40.600 --> 0:31:42.320
<v Speaker 2>waiting to get out of the garage, and somebody comes

0:31:42.360 --> 0:31:45.080
<v Speaker 2>and knocks on my window, and it is a woman

0:31:45.120 --> 0:31:48.480
<v Speaker 2>from my lab. She said, can you take me home

0:31:48.520 --> 0:31:50.479
<v Speaker 2>to Chapel Hill, which is about thirty minutes from here.

0:31:50.480 --> 0:31:52.400
<v Speaker 2>I'm like, girl, I've been here thirty minutes. I haven't moved,

0:31:52.400 --> 0:31:53.880
<v Speaker 2>but one level, I won't be able.

0:31:53.760 --> 0:31:54.200
<v Speaker 3>To take you home.

0:31:54.240 --> 0:31:55.640
<v Speaker 2>I said, what about your car? She said, I'll just

0:31:55.720 --> 0:31:57.360
<v Speaker 2>leave it. Just take me as far as you can,

0:31:57.440 --> 0:31:58.800
<v Speaker 2>as far as you can go, and then I'll get

0:31:58.800 --> 0:32:02.120
<v Speaker 2>out of our walk. I mean, people were making those

0:32:02.160 --> 0:32:04.800
<v Speaker 2>types of decisions at four inches of snow, and I

0:32:04.840 --> 0:32:06.120
<v Speaker 2>thought that she was being wild.

0:32:06.120 --> 0:32:07.720
<v Speaker 3>But when we made it out to the street, When.

0:32:07.600 --> 0:32:10.360
<v Speaker 2>We made it out to the street, it was as

0:32:10.440 --> 0:32:13.640
<v Speaker 2>if the apocalypse had happened. People had abandoned that abandoned

0:32:13.680 --> 0:32:14.080
<v Speaker 2>their cars.

0:32:14.080 --> 0:32:15.040
<v Speaker 4>That's the reason why we were stuck.

0:32:15.040 --> 0:32:17.840
<v Speaker 1>People just got out their cars and left their cars there.

0:32:18.920 --> 0:32:20.080
<v Speaker 3>I know that would not fly here.

0:32:20.080 --> 0:32:21.080
<v Speaker 4>I know y'all wouldn't have.

0:32:21.160 --> 0:32:24.720
<v Speaker 2>Had first of all, the streets would be clean, yes,

0:32:24.800 --> 0:32:29.320
<v Speaker 2>And people were just leaving their cars parked at the light,

0:32:29.960 --> 0:32:32.440
<v Speaker 2>and so we were waiting.

0:32:32.160 --> 0:32:33.760
<v Speaker 4>Behind cars and didn't have people in them.

0:32:35.120 --> 0:32:39.440
<v Speaker 1>We both lived less than five miles away from campus.

0:32:39.800 --> 0:32:42.920
<v Speaker 1>It took us four hours to get home.

0:32:44.280 --> 0:32:45.520
<v Speaker 3>I thought they learned something from that.

0:32:45.800 --> 0:32:46.280
<v Speaker 4>They didn't.

0:32:46.320 --> 0:32:47.640
<v Speaker 3>They didn't. They didn't, they didn't.

0:32:47.680 --> 0:32:49.160
<v Speaker 4>We haven't learned a thing on the East Coast.

0:32:50.560 --> 0:32:53.280
<v Speaker 1>But one of the things that gets really impacted on

0:32:53.320 --> 0:32:55.479
<v Speaker 1>the East Coast when things like this happened.

0:32:55.520 --> 0:32:56.920
<v Speaker 4>I know you saw in those pictures that there were

0:32:56.920 --> 0:32:57.480
<v Speaker 4>some trucks.

0:32:58.280 --> 0:33:02.760
<v Speaker 1>The trucking industry gets severely impacted every time something like

0:33:02.800 --> 0:33:06.280
<v Speaker 1>this happens. Like we make jokes about it, but there

0:33:06.280 --> 0:33:09.479
<v Speaker 1>are truckers that are really struggling because they are trying

0:33:09.520 --> 0:33:11.959
<v Speaker 1>to get us the things that we need in our

0:33:12.000 --> 0:33:14.240
<v Speaker 1>grocery stores and the things that we are adding to

0:33:14.280 --> 0:33:19.240
<v Speaker 1>cart on Amazon. So one of the episodes that we

0:33:19.280 --> 0:33:24.920
<v Speaker 1>did recently was about the trucker shortage, and calling it

0:33:24.920 --> 0:33:29.160
<v Speaker 1>a trucker shortage kind of is misleading because there are

0:33:29.240 --> 0:33:33.960
<v Speaker 1>over ten million people with a CDL, so a commercial what.

0:33:33.920 --> 0:33:35.560
<v Speaker 3>Is cdo commercial drivers.

0:33:35.320 --> 0:33:36.760
<v Speaker 4>Like commercial drivers?

0:33:36.800 --> 0:33:41.960
<v Speaker 1>But only a third of them are trucking And there's

0:33:42.000 --> 0:33:45.080
<v Speaker 1>a reason. There's the reason for that is because the

0:33:45.120 --> 0:33:48.720
<v Speaker 1>trucking industry is modeling themselves after the fat food industry,

0:33:49.640 --> 0:33:53.200
<v Speaker 1>and what they bank on, what they hope for is

0:33:53.200 --> 0:33:56.560
<v Speaker 1>that they can get people that are really excited, dedicated

0:33:57.200 --> 0:34:01.280
<v Speaker 1>to become truckers and then they burn them out and

0:34:01.320 --> 0:34:03.560
<v Speaker 1>then another person will come in right behind them.

0:34:03.840 --> 0:34:10.040
<v Speaker 2>That sounds a little bit like nursing science academics.

0:34:10.080 --> 0:34:13.960
<v Speaker 1>I'm like, yes, right, it sounds like a lot of

0:34:14.000 --> 0:34:17.000
<v Speaker 1>industries and you can that. I'm telling you go back

0:34:17.040 --> 0:34:19.920
<v Speaker 1>and listen to this episode because you'll find that there

0:34:19.920 --> 0:34:23.160
<v Speaker 1>are a lot of tactics that overlay in a lot

0:34:23.200 --> 0:34:25.399
<v Speaker 1>of the industries that we work in. And so you'll

0:34:25.440 --> 0:34:28.080
<v Speaker 1>start to be like, wait a minute, are you trying

0:34:28.080 --> 0:34:29.319
<v Speaker 1>to what's going on here?

0:34:30.400 --> 0:34:32.839
<v Speaker 4>And like all of these ways.

0:34:32.520 --> 0:34:37.000
<v Speaker 1>That we're being monitored and managed and being asked to

0:34:37.040 --> 0:34:42.320
<v Speaker 1>put out really really high productivity rates that seem impossible.

0:34:42.719 --> 0:34:45.680
<v Speaker 1>It all goes back to the the invention of the

0:34:45.719 --> 0:34:48.640
<v Speaker 1>factory in the assembly line. What they did is that

0:34:48.680 --> 0:34:52.520
<v Speaker 1>they had this thing called scientific management where they would

0:34:52.520 --> 0:34:56.440
<v Speaker 1>find the biggest, toughest guy in the in the whole factory,

0:34:56.640 --> 0:34:59.799
<v Speaker 1>and they would say, over the next hour, I want

0:34:59.840 --> 0:35:03.439
<v Speaker 1>you to make as many of these things as you can.

0:35:04.400 --> 0:35:06.280
<v Speaker 1>And if he could make a hundred, they would say,

0:35:06.680 --> 0:35:10.120
<v Speaker 1>that's the that's the line. Everybody needs to be making

0:35:10.200 --> 0:35:13.319
<v Speaker 1>a hundred of these an hour. And so then they

0:35:13.360 --> 0:35:16.680
<v Speaker 1>would dictate what your productivity or how productive you were

0:35:17.120 --> 0:35:19.080
<v Speaker 1>based on that benchmark.

0:35:20.200 --> 0:35:22.160
<v Speaker 2>And that's the same tactic that they use in a

0:35:22.280 --> 0:35:25.360
<v Speaker 2>lot of different industries, including the trucking industry. And so

0:35:25.400 --> 0:35:29.759
<v Speaker 2>when we have things like that, should we call the snowstorm.

0:35:29.840 --> 0:35:30.319
<v Speaker 4>I don't know.

0:35:32.920 --> 0:35:37.759
<v Speaker 2>Yes, we didn't have any This is my actual grocery store.

0:35:37.800 --> 0:35:38.680
<v Speaker 4>We didn't have any food.

0:35:40.040 --> 0:35:41.479
<v Speaker 3>This is a couple weeks ago.

0:35:41.600 --> 0:35:42.959
<v Speaker 4>This is a couple of weeks ago. I've been eaten

0:35:43.239 --> 0:35:47.200
<v Speaker 4>since then. This is my first time eating. There was

0:35:47.280 --> 0:35:48.439
<v Speaker 4>no there was no food.

0:35:48.480 --> 0:35:50.399
<v Speaker 1>The only food that was on the shelves were things

0:35:50.400 --> 0:35:53.680
<v Speaker 1>that were prepackaged, so you couldn't find any fresh vegetables.

0:35:53.760 --> 0:35:56.399
<v Speaker 1>There's no meat, there was no milk, there was nothing.

0:35:56.400 --> 0:35:57.160
<v Speaker 3>There was plant milk.

0:35:57.360 --> 0:35:59.800
<v Speaker 4>There was plant based milk, which is just fine, but

0:36:00.480 --> 0:36:00.879
<v Speaker 4>there was.

0:36:01.120 --> 0:36:03.839
<v Speaker 1>A lot of people were everybody came to the grocery store.

0:36:03.840 --> 0:36:06.200
<v Speaker 1>We all just stared at the empty shells, like, what

0:36:06.960 --> 0:36:09.360
<v Speaker 1>is actually going on? And it's because of all this

0:36:09.520 --> 0:36:13.200
<v Speaker 1>backup and there's not enough truckers that are being valued

0:36:13.520 --> 0:36:16.640
<v Speaker 1>and put into a situation where they can flourish and

0:36:17.080 --> 0:36:19.640
<v Speaker 1>do their jobs and do their jobs for a long time.

0:36:20.239 --> 0:36:21.680
<v Speaker 1>And so that was one of the things that we

0:36:21.760 --> 0:36:26.080
<v Speaker 1>found when we were researching for this episode. Lap thirty

0:36:26.160 --> 0:36:30.520
<v Speaker 1>nine ad Decartes. Seventy percent of all freight is transported

0:36:30.520 --> 0:36:31.359
<v Speaker 1>by trucks.

0:36:31.880 --> 0:36:33.640
<v Speaker 4>The average truck driver on.

0:36:33.680 --> 0:36:36.360
<v Speaker 1>The road is driving twenty one days out of the

0:36:36.400 --> 0:36:38.520
<v Speaker 1>month and doing fourteen hour days.

0:36:39.000 --> 0:36:41.200
<v Speaker 3>That's a lot of time.

0:36:41.960 --> 0:36:43.560
<v Speaker 4>I don't do anything that much.

0:36:43.920 --> 0:36:45.040
<v Speaker 3>Sometimes you sleep that long.

0:36:45.120 --> 0:36:48.400
<v Speaker 4>I can sleep for a very long time, yes, but

0:36:48.480 --> 0:36:50.080
<v Speaker 4>even that I can't do that for that long.

0:36:50.120 --> 0:36:51.600
<v Speaker 2>I feel like we really got to give the truckers

0:36:51.600 --> 0:36:53.759
<v Speaker 2>their props, right, like and you know, when I was

0:36:53.760 --> 0:36:55.279
<v Speaker 2>a kid, I used to go like this when I

0:36:55.320 --> 0:36:57.239
<v Speaker 2>saw it, Yes, I feel like we need to like

0:36:57.280 --> 0:36:59.040
<v Speaker 2>do this, but then do a heart. Yeah, like we

0:36:59.040 --> 0:37:00.680
<v Speaker 2>should do something when we see them.

0:37:00.760 --> 0:37:05.200
<v Speaker 1>Honestly, they're working very very hard and they really don't

0:37:05.440 --> 0:37:08.440
<v Speaker 1>get the necessary props that they should be getting. And

0:37:08.640 --> 0:37:10.279
<v Speaker 1>the other thing is that they don't also don't get

0:37:10.320 --> 0:37:13.800
<v Speaker 1>any money when they stop yea like when they stop driving,

0:37:13.800 --> 0:37:17.520
<v Speaker 1>when they're when they're dropping their goods off, the clock stops,

0:37:17.520 --> 0:37:19.880
<v Speaker 1>they stop making money. And so there's a lot of

0:37:19.880 --> 0:37:22.799
<v Speaker 1>initiatives out there that's trying to get them better pay

0:37:22.880 --> 0:37:26.440
<v Speaker 1>for their work, but it's just really, really tough. So

0:37:27.160 --> 0:37:29.279
<v Speaker 1>that's what happens on the East Coast. I mean, I

0:37:29.280 --> 0:37:32.560
<v Speaker 1>think it again to go back to the if it's colder,

0:37:32.600 --> 0:37:33.120
<v Speaker 1>you're smarter.

0:37:33.520 --> 0:37:34.560
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, we haven't quite figured.

0:37:34.760 --> 0:37:37.800
<v Speaker 2>We haven't we're not cold enough, but you know, yeah,

0:37:37.920 --> 0:37:42.120
<v Speaker 2>you really have to kind of say, like we should

0:37:42.200 --> 0:37:43.880
<v Speaker 2>learn from each other. So I'm gonna try to take

0:37:43.880 --> 0:37:45.439
<v Speaker 2>some tips that I see you around here. When trying

0:37:45.440 --> 0:37:46.800
<v Speaker 2>to take some of that back with me to Georgia,

0:37:47.080 --> 0:37:49.160
<v Speaker 2>you'll maybe take something back with you to Maryland. And

0:37:49.200 --> 0:37:52.439
<v Speaker 2>I know y'all all probably I'll probably take food. She will,

0:37:52.520 --> 0:37:55.000
<v Speaker 2>she will, And y'all have been rocking with us throughout this.

0:37:55.200 --> 0:37:57.399
<v Speaker 2>And you may say I thought they were talking about winter.

0:37:57.760 --> 0:37:59.160
<v Speaker 2>How are we talking about trucks?

0:38:00.560 --> 0:38:00.799
<v Speaker 3>You know?

0:38:00.960 --> 0:38:02.880
<v Speaker 2>I think we just are really excited to show you

0:38:02.960 --> 0:38:05.080
<v Speaker 2>were just giving you just a tiny sliver, like if

0:38:05.120 --> 0:38:07.680
<v Speaker 2>we had a pie, not even a full slice of

0:38:08.400 --> 0:38:12.520
<v Speaker 2>what is like between us right like this, you're in

0:38:12.560 --> 0:38:14.600
<v Speaker 2>our brains, you're with us, You're with us, and so

0:38:15.120 --> 0:38:17.080
<v Speaker 2>you know, although we were talking about winter, I feel

0:38:17.120 --> 0:38:17.920
<v Speaker 2>like just a recap.

0:38:17.960 --> 0:38:19.440
<v Speaker 3>We've talked about quite a few things.

0:38:19.640 --> 0:38:19.800
<v Speaker 4>You know.

0:38:19.840 --> 0:38:21.520
<v Speaker 2>We talked a little bit about climate, and then we

0:38:21.600 --> 0:38:24.040
<v Speaker 2>jumped into sharing all of this water, and then we said,

0:38:24.120 --> 0:38:26.040
<v Speaker 2>let's do it for the bivalves, you know, so that's

0:38:26.360 --> 0:38:29.880
<v Speaker 2>that's where our muscles and oysters and crustaceans too, even

0:38:29.920 --> 0:38:30.799
<v Speaker 2>though I don't really rock with them.

0:38:30.880 --> 0:38:33.960
<v Speaker 1>And then we talked about plastic snow, We talked about

0:38:34.440 --> 0:38:37.560
<v Speaker 1>volcanic winter. My friend told us all about those cores,

0:38:37.600 --> 0:38:38.680
<v Speaker 1>those load bearing cores.

0:38:39.480 --> 0:38:42.080
<v Speaker 2>And I think I've really settled on winter is underrated,

0:38:42.120 --> 0:38:43.520
<v Speaker 2>Like y'all are doing it right up here.

0:38:43.680 --> 0:38:44.600
<v Speaker 3>Winter's underrated.

0:38:44.640 --> 0:38:46.080
<v Speaker 4>It is, It definitely is.

0:38:48.120 --> 0:38:49.359
<v Speaker 3>You've sold us, you've sold us.

0:38:49.480 --> 0:38:52.320
<v Speaker 1>Yes, we've learned a lot about the physics of winter

0:38:52.520 --> 0:38:54.880
<v Speaker 1>and how you all are able to maneuver on the

0:38:54.920 --> 0:38:58.200
<v Speaker 1>ice and fly through the sky no problem.

0:38:58.239 --> 0:39:01.040
<v Speaker 2>But our overall thing that we got a lot to

0:39:01.080 --> 0:39:05.920
<v Speaker 2>learn from you. We have enjoyed our time with y'all,

0:39:06.160 --> 0:39:10.000
<v Speaker 2>and unfortunately I think it's over, but we have enjoyed

0:39:10.000 --> 0:39:11.480
<v Speaker 2>you and we hope that you will continue to check

0:39:11.560 --> 0:39:12.800
<v Speaker 2>us out, share us with your friends.

0:39:12.920 --> 0:39:15.719
<v Speaker 3>Yes, just as a reminder, we're only on Spotify, but.

0:39:15.800 --> 0:39:18.480
<v Speaker 2>It's free, and it's every Thursday and you can get

0:39:18.520 --> 0:39:19.759
<v Speaker 2>as many doses as you're like.

0:39:20.680 --> 0:39:31.680
<v Speaker 3>Thank you. That's it for Lab fifty seven.

0:39:31.880 --> 0:39:34.560
<v Speaker 2>Call us at two zero two five six seven seven

0:39:34.680 --> 0:39:37.080
<v Speaker 2>zero two eight and tell us what you thought. Hopefully

0:39:37.080 --> 0:39:39.480
<v Speaker 2>that convinced you that you need us near you live.

0:39:39.680 --> 0:39:41.839
<v Speaker 2>Soon you can give us an idea for a lab

0:39:41.880 --> 0:39:44.640
<v Speaker 2>we should do this semester by calling us again at

0:39:44.680 --> 0:39:47.640
<v Speaker 2>two zero two five six seven seven zero two eight.

0:39:47.760 --> 0:39:49.680
<v Speaker 1>And don't forget there's so much more for you to

0:39:49.760 --> 0:39:51.959
<v Speaker 1>dig into. On our website. You can see a cheat

0:39:52.000 --> 0:39:55.400
<v Speaker 1>sheet for all the previous labs, additional links and resources

0:39:55.400 --> 0:39:57.759
<v Speaker 1>in the show notes. Plus you can sign up for

0:39:57.800 --> 0:40:01.640
<v Speaker 1>our newsletter. Check it out at Dope Last podcast dot com.

0:40:01.880 --> 0:40:04.799
<v Speaker 1>Special thanks to the Great Northern Festival for having us.

0:40:04.920 --> 0:40:08.880
<v Speaker 2>You can find them on Instagram at the Great Northern Festival.

0:40:08.520 --> 0:40:10.719
<v Speaker 1>And you can find us on Twitter and Instagram at

0:40:10.719 --> 0:40:11.760
<v Speaker 1>Doe Blabs podcast.

0:40:12.000 --> 0:40:16.280
<v Speaker 2>TT's on Twitter and Instagram at d R Underscore t Sho.

0:40:16.160 --> 0:40:18.680
<v Speaker 4>And you can find Zakia at z said So.

0:40:19.320 --> 0:40:22.520
<v Speaker 1>Doe Labs is a Spotify original production from Mega Owned

0:40:22.520 --> 0:40:23.120
<v Speaker 1>Media Group.

0:40:23.200 --> 0:40:26.080
<v Speaker 2>Our producers are Jenny Radlett, Mask and Lydia Smith of

0:40:26.200 --> 0:40:30.800
<v Speaker 2>WaveRunner Studios. Our associate producer from Mega Ohmedia is Breanna Garrett.

0:40:30.920 --> 0:40:35.440
<v Speaker 2>Editing in sound design by Rob Smerciak, mixing by Hannes Brown.

0:40:35.719 --> 0:40:39.560
<v Speaker 2>Original music composed and produced by Taka Yasuzawa and Alex

0:40:39.640 --> 0:40:45.480
<v Speaker 2>Sugier from Spotify. Executive producer Corin Gilliard and creative producer

0:40:45.640 --> 0:40:52.360
<v Speaker 2>Miguel Contreras. Special thanks to Shirley Ramos, Jess Borison, yasmin Afifi, Kamu, Elolia,

0:40:52.760 --> 0:40:57.240
<v Speaker 2>tillkrat Key and Brian Marquis. Executive producers from Mega Owmedia Group,

0:40:57.480 --> 0:41:00.000
<v Speaker 2>r us T T Show, Dia and Zakia Watts

0:41:11.400 --> 0:41:11.440
<v Speaker 4>H