WEBVTT - What was Web 2.0? 0:00:04.800 --> 0:00:13.600 With Technology with Text Stuff from toom. Hey there everyone, 0:00:13.720 --> 0:00:17.920 this is Jonathan with Text Stuff and today I wanted 0:00:17.960 --> 0:00:22.200 to peep back into the past. This is not gonna 0:00:22.239 --> 0:00:24.479 be a rerun episode. This is actually gonna be a 0:00:24.520 --> 0:00:27.000 new episode, but it's a new episode about something that 0:00:27.080 --> 0:00:32.120 tech Stuff has covered before. Back in Chris Pallette and 0:00:32.200 --> 0:00:35.680 I did an episode about what is web two point oh? 0:00:36.400 --> 0:00:38.120 But I think we've had enough time since then to 0:00:38.200 --> 0:00:40.680 really take a look back and explore what the concept 0:00:40.720 --> 0:00:43.599 of web two point oh was and what if anything 0:00:43.680 --> 0:00:47.120 is taking its place, and does the term mean anything 0:00:47.960 --> 0:00:51.080 wasn't just kind of a placeholder. It's gonna be a 0:00:51.120 --> 0:00:53.800 lot of opinion in this because it's from my own 0:00:53.840 --> 0:00:57.480 personal perspective. But honestly, if you've heard the term web 0:00:57.520 --> 0:00:59.800 two point oh and you always wondered what that meant, 0:01:00.280 --> 0:01:03.200 that's what I want to cover today. But to start off, 0:01:03.240 --> 0:01:06.480 we need to look at a history of the Web itself. 0:01:07.200 --> 0:01:10.920 And I'm sure you all know that the Web and 0:01:10.959 --> 0:01:14.399 the Internet are two different things, but just in case, 0:01:15.080 --> 0:01:18.600 let's lay down that groundwork. Now. The Internet refers to 0:01:18.959 --> 0:01:24.520 the network of networks, this gigantic network of computer networks 0:01:24.520 --> 0:01:27.800 that are all interconnected together. There's a series of connections 0:01:27.800 --> 0:01:31.800 that allows computers to communicate with one another. So this 0:01:31.880 --> 0:01:36.520 is an enormous system that allows all kinds of different 0:01:36.560 --> 0:01:40.720 types of communication to go across it. And back in 0:01:40.760 --> 0:01:44.080 the day, we used to talk about the Internet in 0:01:44.120 --> 0:01:47.240 the terms of the information super Highway. You might be 0:01:47.319 --> 0:01:50.160 familiar with that term. So it was kind of the 0:01:50.160 --> 0:01:55.160 infrastructure that allowed rapid communication across the globe and allowed 0:01:55.200 --> 0:01:59.640 people who were on one computer network to communicate directly 0:01:59.640 --> 0:02:02.440 with who are on a totally separate computer network. Because 0:02:02.480 --> 0:02:06.600 of this interconnectivity. Now the Web is just one way 0:02:06.640 --> 0:02:10.120 to send and consume information on that super highway. So 0:02:10.160 --> 0:02:12.720 you can think of it as a vehicle that shares 0:02:12.800 --> 0:02:16.160 the super highway with other vehicles. So the Web would 0:02:16.200 --> 0:02:18.600 be like a giant bus. And then you might have 0:02:18.800 --> 0:02:21.920 a freight train that's or not freight train, but a 0:02:21.919 --> 0:02:24.280 freight truck that's driving right next to it that's file 0:02:24.360 --> 0:02:29.080 transfer protocol, or a bunch of mail vehicles M A 0:02:29.240 --> 0:02:32.360 I L that would stand for email that kind of stuff. 0:02:32.360 --> 0:02:35.240 These would all be traveling along the Internet. None of 0:02:35.240 --> 0:02:39.040 them are the Internet. They're just a means of communication 0:02:39.120 --> 0:02:42.800 that exists because the Internet is the platform upon which 0:02:42.840 --> 0:02:48.040 they exist. So you access the web through a web browser. 0:02:48.639 --> 0:02:51.480 Big shock there, I'm sure we usually refer to that 0:02:51.520 --> 0:02:54.560 as the client. Your machine with the web browser is 0:02:54.600 --> 0:02:58.960 the client, and the browser or client lets you request 0:02:59.040 --> 0:03:02.600 information from another machine on the Internet, which we call 0:03:02.680 --> 0:03:06.480 a server. The server receives your request in response to 0:03:06.560 --> 0:03:09.480 it sends the relevant data back to you. And all 0:03:09.520 --> 0:03:12.639 of that has done through a visual interface. In other words, 0:03:13.000 --> 0:03:17.200 you've got something rendered out as uh uh, you know, 0:03:17.320 --> 0:03:21.880 something that's easy to to interpret and consume within the browser, 0:03:22.280 --> 0:03:27.040 as opposed to a text based approach that is, you know, 0:03:27.600 --> 0:03:30.480 marred by lots of code that might be really confusing 0:03:30.520 --> 0:03:33.600 to you. Now, the path taken by your request and 0:03:33.639 --> 0:03:37.000 the returning information isn't set in stone, so this is 0:03:37.120 --> 0:03:40.720 different from roads. This is where the road analogy really 0:03:40.760 --> 0:03:44.760 breaks down, because if you have a set of roads 0:03:44.960 --> 0:03:47.760 between you and your destination, you might be able to 0:03:47.760 --> 0:03:52.440 take a detour or perhaps two detours if things are 0:03:52.440 --> 0:03:54.480 really bad. Let's say there's flooding, you can't get to 0:03:54.480 --> 0:03:57.200 where you were going using your normal routes. But the 0:03:57.200 --> 0:03:59.800 way the Internet goes it's way more robust than that. 0:04:00.640 --> 0:04:05.400 The information is delivered via packets. The packets all can 0:04:05.400 --> 0:04:08.760 travel different pathways to get to their destination, whereupon everything 0:04:08.840 --> 0:04:11.880 gets put back together and displayed for you. Now that's 0:04:11.920 --> 0:04:15.360 not just for Web information. That's for all information going 0:04:15.400 --> 0:04:19.600 across the Internet traffic. But it's uh. One of the 0:04:19.640 --> 0:04:22.560 reasons why the Internet is so useful. It's that you 0:04:22.560 --> 0:04:24.880 don't have to worry if there is a break in 0:04:24.920 --> 0:04:28.560 the communication lines between you and the web server because 0:04:28.560 --> 0:04:31.839 the data can route around. That very important if you 0:04:31.880 --> 0:04:35.400 have machines that are constantly going on and offline. So 0:04:35.440 --> 0:04:37.720 back to the web. Now, the birthplace of the World 0:04:37.720 --> 0:04:42.240 Wide Web is CERN. That's the same organization that oversees 0:04:42.240 --> 0:04:45.480 the large had drawn colliders. So we're talking particle physics 0:04:46.080 --> 0:04:50.159 and lull cats all because of CERN. Thanks TERN, specifically 0:04:50.279 --> 0:04:53.200 say thanks to Tim berners Lee, who developed what would 0:04:53.200 --> 0:04:56.320 become the basis of the World Wide Web on the 0:04:56.560 --> 0:05:00.599 next computer and uh, in case you're an familiar with 0:05:00.640 --> 0:05:04.120 what Next is or was, really it was a computer 0:05:04.160 --> 0:05:07.599 platform developed by Steve Jobs after he had been forced 0:05:07.760 --> 0:05:12.000 from Apple. So Apple forced Steve Jobs out of the 0:05:12.040 --> 0:05:15.919 company or Steve Jobs quit, depending upon the person telling 0:05:15.960 --> 0:05:19.440 the story, and as a result, Steve Jobs then went 0:05:19.480 --> 0:05:22.400 on to found a new company called Next and develop 0:05:22.440 --> 0:05:25.760 a new type of computer. Eventually he would come back 0:05:25.800 --> 0:05:29.240 to Apple. Essentially, Apple begged Steve Jobs to return just 0:05:29.320 --> 0:05:32.839 as Apple was on the brink of bankruptcy, and Next 0:05:32.960 --> 0:05:35.599 kind of faded away. But it was the Next computer 0:05:35.720 --> 0:05:39.400 that Tim burners Lee was using to develop web pages 0:05:39.560 --> 0:05:44.080 and the first web browser. In fact, the first website 0:05:44.200 --> 0:05:47.880 was built in by Tim burners Lee and he hosted 0:05:47.920 --> 0:05:51.719 it on his own computer. That site contained information about 0:05:51.760 --> 0:05:54.560 the purpose and structure of the web, so kind of 0:05:54.560 --> 0:05:57.520 an explanation of what the web would be capable of, 0:05:57.880 --> 0:06:00.000 and also a set of instructions on how to create 0:06:00.040 --> 0:06:02.560 your own web server, because obviously the web is only 0:06:02.600 --> 0:06:06.200 really useful if other people start to join on. Otherwise 0:06:06.240 --> 0:06:09.080 it's just kind of a you know, you just logg 0:06:09.120 --> 0:06:13.320 in remotely to someone else's computer. It's not that exciting now. 0:06:13.360 --> 0:06:16.880 The browser he built was called Worldwide Web is where 0:06:16.880 --> 0:06:21.080 we get that from. And things continued along a lot 0:06:21.120 --> 0:06:23.760 of research centers and students began to get access to 0:06:23.800 --> 0:06:27.400 the world Wide Web, but things really took off on 0:06:27.480 --> 0:06:32.960 April three, n That's when uh CERN decided to release 0:06:33.200 --> 0:06:36.520 the web to the general public, meaning they made the 0:06:36.520 --> 0:06:39.560 information itself on how the web works public and open. 0:06:40.160 --> 0:06:42.880 Along with the open license for the Web, CERN offered 0:06:42.880 --> 0:06:45.400 a basic browser and a library of code to help 0:06:45.440 --> 0:06:48.039 things move along, and it didn't take long for other 0:06:48.160 --> 0:06:51.960 organizations and eventually people and companies to join in. So 0:06:52.120 --> 0:06:56.320 Also in nineteen three, the National Center for super Computing 0:06:56.360 --> 0:07:02.000 Applications or in cs A released Mosaic one point oh 0:07:02.080 --> 0:07:04.640 and that became the first web browser to really find 0:07:04.640 --> 0:07:08.400 popularity among the general public. At this point, most of 0:07:08.440 --> 0:07:11.640 the people using the web were still researchers and students, 0:07:11.720 --> 0:07:15.080 but gradually people outside of these groups began to learn 0:07:15.120 --> 0:07:17.320 of the web. It started to get press coverage, and 0:07:17.440 --> 0:07:20.800 people began to get excited by this concept of a 0:07:20.800 --> 0:07:23.920 computer network that you could access and find real information 0:07:24.080 --> 0:07:27.440 and communicate with people in real time. And here's a 0:07:27.440 --> 0:07:31.200 funny note. During this time, I was in college and 0:07:31.280 --> 0:07:34.640 my first impression of the Web at that time was 0:07:34.680 --> 0:07:37.400 that it was slow, and it was unattractive and it 0:07:37.480 --> 0:07:40.720 was superfluous. I had become used to browsing the Internet 0:07:40.840 --> 0:07:44.560 using other means like tel net to connect to chat 0:07:44.640 --> 0:07:48.880 rooms or games or whatever, or even uh not full 0:07:48.960 --> 0:07:52.240 Internet access things like bulletin board systems, and I just 0:07:52.280 --> 0:07:55.320 thought that the graphical approach to the web was completely 0:07:55.360 --> 0:07:59.600 unnecessary and slow things down. The browser had to take 0:07:59.640 --> 0:08:01.680 time to get the information and render the stuff you 0:08:01.720 --> 0:08:06.080 need to see, and at the time, the internet connectivity 0:08:06.200 --> 0:08:09.920 and the power of computers meant that that stuff took ages. 0:08:10.080 --> 0:08:12.280 And I just thought, well, who wants to sit around 0:08:12.360 --> 0:08:14.920 forever to try and get this information when you could 0:08:14.920 --> 0:08:18.120 get it so much faster using FTP or tell net 0:08:18.200 --> 0:08:20.080 or whatever it may be, depending upon the kind of 0:08:20.080 --> 0:08:24.480 information you're interested in. So I thought the web was 0:08:24.520 --> 0:08:26.840 probably a flash in the pan. It would not be 0:08:27.320 --> 0:08:30.960 the last time I'd be radically wrong about the technology 0:08:31.240 --> 0:08:34.760 you think I'd learned. At any rate, by the web 0:08:34.840 --> 0:08:38.560 was making headlines and e commerce became a thing. One 0:08:38.559 --> 0:08:42.480 of the earliest examples I could find was that pizza 0:08:42.559 --> 0:08:47.880 Hut sold a pizza online, actually allowing customers to order 0:08:47.960 --> 0:08:52.440 pizza in some areas using the web. The company Yahoo 0:08:52.520 --> 0:08:55.920 was founded around this time too, and its main purpose 0:08:55.960 --> 0:08:58.000 at that time was to serve as just a search 0:08:58.040 --> 0:09:00.760 engine to help search for the content on the web, 0:09:01.120 --> 0:09:03.400 making it easier for people to find stuff they wanted. 0:09:03.960 --> 0:09:08.000 Before search engines. It was pretty tough. You had to 0:09:08.040 --> 0:09:10.920 be kind of you kind of had to be part 0:09:10.960 --> 0:09:13.800 of the click that understood how the web worked. Now 0:09:13.840 --> 0:09:16.560 today we're all used to things like you r l s, 0:09:16.920 --> 0:09:19.120 where you have to type in a web address. In fact, 0:09:19.200 --> 0:09:21.040 there may be a couple of websites that you still 0:09:21.120 --> 0:09:24.760 navigate to by typing in the web address, but not 0:09:24.920 --> 0:09:28.480 everyone is comfortable with that. So search engines made it 0:09:28.559 --> 0:09:31.559 much easier for people to interact with the Web without 0:09:31.640 --> 0:09:34.840 having to memorize the protocol that they would need in 0:09:34.920 --> 0:09:39.319 order to visit a specific website. Now, much later than 0:09:39.360 --> 0:09:41.880 the early nineties, we look back on the websites of 0:09:41.880 --> 0:09:44.840 this era as being pre Web two point oh. For 0:09:44.880 --> 0:09:48.800 the most part, you could probably call them Web one 0:09:48.840 --> 0:09:51.840 point oh. But that's what we call a retronym, meaning 0:09:51.880 --> 0:09:56.000 we named it after the thing had already happened. Uh. 0:09:56.040 --> 0:09:59.080 And it's kind of like World War One. While World 0:09:59.120 --> 0:10:01.400 War One was going on, no one referred to it 0:10:01.440 --> 0:10:03.679 as World War one. There had not been a World 0:10:03.679 --> 0:10:06.360 War two yet, there'd be no reason to call it 0:10:06.440 --> 0:10:10.440 World War one unless you expected there to be another one, 0:10:10.640 --> 0:10:14.000 so you might use something else like the Great War. Uh. 0:10:14.040 --> 0:10:17.240 And It was only in in a you know, in 0:10:17.320 --> 0:10:19.880 retrospect when World War two broke out, that World War 0:10:19.920 --> 0:10:24.720 One really got that name. So what actually defines web 0:10:24.760 --> 0:10:28.400 one point oh? For lack of a better term, Not 0:10:28.520 --> 0:10:30.920 everyone even thinks web one point oh is is a 0:10:31.000 --> 0:10:33.560 thing at all? Like it? It doesn't make any sense, 0:10:33.600 --> 0:10:36.600 but some people will use that term, but wasn't actually 0:10:36.600 --> 0:10:40.520 described well. The websites in those days. Most of them 0:10:40.800 --> 0:10:44.679 were largely static pages, which means you would navigate to 0:10:44.720 --> 0:10:47.840 a page and see what was there, and after doing that, 0:10:47.880 --> 0:10:50.720 there'd probably be very little reason to ever return to 0:10:50.800 --> 0:10:54.360 that page because it's going to be pretty much the same. Uh. 0:10:54.400 --> 0:10:57.600 It's kind of like the equivalent of a magazine or 0:10:57.640 --> 0:10:59.640 a book. You know, if you go and you read 0:10:59.679 --> 0:11:02.920 a magazine and you close the magazine, then you come 0:11:02.920 --> 0:11:04.200 back to it and you open it up to the 0:11:04.240 --> 0:11:07.440 same page, it's gonna be the same magazine article. It 0:11:07.520 --> 0:11:10.120 doesn't change from one moment to the next. That's the 0:11:10.160 --> 0:11:12.880 way a lot of websites were in the early days. 0:11:13.840 --> 0:11:17.040 Those web pages didn't have any way for visitors to 0:11:17.040 --> 0:11:20.839 have any kind of meaningful interaction on the site. At most, 0:11:20.880 --> 0:11:24.120 there might be a visitor counter that would click up 0:11:24.160 --> 0:11:27.480 a notch each time someone navigated to the website, and 0:11:27.480 --> 0:11:29.880 those were a huge deal early on. I don't know 0:11:29.920 --> 0:11:33.000 if you guys remember, but I remember lots of websites 0:11:33.040 --> 0:11:35.720 having a visitor counter, and they took it as a 0:11:35.760 --> 0:11:39.120 matter of pride when they passed a arbitrary milestone like 0:11:39.160 --> 0:11:42.439 five thousand visitors or something like that. But there was 0:11:42.480 --> 0:11:44.959 no way to leave comments or have any other impact 0:11:44.960 --> 0:11:47.400 on the site for the most part for these types 0:11:47.440 --> 0:11:51.440 of web pages. Now there were exceptions. Some websites were 0:11:51.480 --> 0:11:56.520 dedicated to updating content regularly, or they were allowing people 0:11:56.520 --> 0:11:58.839 to leave their own contributions, or even both of those 0:11:58.880 --> 0:12:01.720 things at the same time. There was a student at 0:12:01.720 --> 0:12:05.400 Swarthmore College named Justin Hall who started up a web 0:12:05.400 --> 0:12:09.040 page in Originally, it was just a collection of links 0:12:09.080 --> 0:12:11.840 that he thought were particularly interesting. The website was called 0:12:11.880 --> 0:12:15.760 Justin's Links, and not long after he started the site, 0:12:15.800 --> 0:12:18.360 he actually saw the potential to do something more with 0:12:18.440 --> 0:12:21.240 it than just show a collection of links, and he 0:12:21.320 --> 0:12:23.320 sought as a way to publish his thoughts to a 0:12:23.320 --> 0:12:26.440 global audience, kind of like an online journal, and a 0:12:26.440 --> 0:12:29.880 lot of people point to Justin's Links as being the 0:12:29.920 --> 0:12:33.680 first blog UH. This sort of approach of using the 0:12:33.720 --> 0:12:36.240 web as sort of a dynamic communication tool set the 0:12:36.280 --> 0:12:38.280 site apart from a lot of the web pages that 0:12:38.480 --> 0:12:42.040 were around at the same time. But many sites lacked 0:12:42.040 --> 0:12:45.000 that sort of dynamic approach, and at the same time, 0:12:45.000 --> 0:12:48.120 companies began to rush the web in hopes of beating 0:12:48.160 --> 0:12:50.880 competitors to the punch. The web was viewed as kind 0:12:50.880 --> 0:12:53.040 of a Wild West type of territory in which a 0:12:53.120 --> 0:12:56.840 company could stake its claim online and stand to make 0:12:56.880 --> 0:12:59.000 a ton of money in the short term before everyone 0:12:59.040 --> 0:13:04.160 else caught up. Simultaneously, several companies emerged that use the 0:13:04.200 --> 0:13:08.480 web as the very foundation for the company itself. Some 0:13:08.600 --> 0:13:13.560 of them offered goods or services to consumers, so normal 0:13:13.720 --> 0:13:17.480 people who are just using the web themselves. Others were 0:13:17.480 --> 0:13:21.000 targeting other companies and they were offering up services meant 0:13:21.040 --> 0:13:24.280 to help businesses succeed, but many of these lacked any 0:13:24.360 --> 0:13:27.720 sort of cohesive business plan, which caused a big problem. 0:13:27.800 --> 0:13:31.480 They were offering up services that some people found helpful, 0:13:32.120 --> 0:13:34.280 but they didn't have any way of making money. And 0:13:34.320 --> 0:13:36.840 this obviously is not something that has just gone away. 0:13:37.240 --> 0:13:40.440 We've seen this with lots of different services. Some of 0:13:40.440 --> 0:13:44.079 which exists solely as a means to try and get 0:13:44.080 --> 0:13:49.640 acquired by other larger businesses. UH, which can work if 0:13:49.679 --> 0:13:52.280 you have a great idea for a service or app 0:13:52.360 --> 0:13:55.240 that people are going to really enjoy using, but you 0:13:55.320 --> 0:13:59.560 don't have a way of generating money from that. It 0:13:59.640 --> 0:14:02.160 might us be good enough to get a lot of 0:14:02.200 --> 0:14:05.040 attention and then wait for someone to offer to buy you. 0:14:05.040 --> 0:14:07.120 You know, maybe they'll figure out a way of using it, 0:14:07.200 --> 0:14:09.520 or maybe they'll pair it with stuff they already have, 0:14:10.440 --> 0:14:14.720 and that's how it makes money. But back then, not 0:14:14.880 --> 0:14:20.760 having a plan just wasn't really working for people. Towards 0:14:20.760 --> 0:14:23.680 the end of the ninety nineties, web companies were sprouting 0:14:23.760 --> 0:14:28.640 up all over the place, and investors were really excited 0:14:28.680 --> 0:14:30.920 at the opportunity to get in on the ground floor 0:14:30.960 --> 0:14:34.240 of something that had the potential to become huge, meaning 0:14:34.320 --> 0:14:38.080 you could stand to become a millionaire overnight with some 0:14:38.200 --> 0:14:42.240 of these opportunities, and they began to flood startup companies 0:14:42.240 --> 0:14:45.000 with cash. More than a few of those startup companies 0:14:45.080 --> 0:14:48.120 ended up with way more money than what they needed, 0:14:48.760 --> 0:14:52.560 and that encouraged some bad decisions on the part of founders. 0:14:52.600 --> 0:14:57.360 A lot of founders began to spend that excess cash 0:14:57.480 --> 0:15:04.080 by creating lavish headquarters or crazy benefits for employees. Meanwhile, 0:15:04.120 --> 0:15:07.520 their businesses still didn't have a way of making revenue. So, 0:15:07.680 --> 0:15:09.680 in other words, let's say that you want to open 0:15:09.760 --> 0:15:12.520 up a lemonade stand, and normally you would just need 0:15:12.560 --> 0:15:15.280 a few dollars to buy some lemons and some sugar. 0:15:15.800 --> 0:15:18.080 You get some water, and then you put all that together. 0:15:18.160 --> 0:15:20.480 Maybe you get a little poster board to write up 0:15:20.480 --> 0:15:24.240 a sign. So maybe you're starting budget is twenty dollars 0:15:24.320 --> 0:15:26.800 and you're selling it for five cents a cup, and 0:15:26.840 --> 0:15:29.400 you figure out that after a certain number of cups, 0:15:29.800 --> 0:15:32.960 you know you've got plenty of of of supply there. 0:15:32.960 --> 0:15:35.800 After a certain number of cups, you're going to break even. Uh, 0:15:35.840 --> 0:15:38.160 and then after that's all profit and you've got enough 0:15:38.200 --> 0:15:42.360 to make a decent profit over your investment. Well, now 0:15:42.400 --> 0:15:45.560 imagine that you are opening up that lemonade stand, but 0:15:45.600 --> 0:15:50.480 someone's given you twenty thousand dollars and you don't have 0:15:50.520 --> 0:15:53.640 any way of scaling up your operation, So you just 0:15:53.920 --> 0:15:57.320 spend that extra money on a really nice lemonade stand, 0:15:57.880 --> 0:16:02.240 and you know, a soup, a nifty titanium lemon crusher, 0:16:02.360 --> 0:16:05.520 that kind of stuff. It doesn't help you make money 0:16:05.520 --> 0:16:07.480 in the long run. It just means that's how you 0:16:07.560 --> 0:16:11.280 spent your your startup cash. A lot of companies fell 0:16:11.280 --> 0:16:15.280 into this trap. You can read about startups dot com 0:16:15.360 --> 0:16:19.680 industries in the late nineties and how ridiculously lavish some 0:16:19.760 --> 0:16:23.560 of their offices were, and it was a mess. So 0:16:25.160 --> 0:16:27.360 compounding that problem was the fact that a lot of 0:16:27.360 --> 0:16:31.800 these companies were rewarding employees by giving them shares of 0:16:31.840 --> 0:16:36.360 the company. Now, if everything was working, fine, that's great, 0:16:36.440 --> 0:16:39.040 because those shares are worth real money once you get 0:16:39.080 --> 0:16:41.600 to a point where the employees are allowed to sell 0:16:41.640 --> 0:16:45.400 those shares. Usually there's a period where employees are not 0:16:45.440 --> 0:16:47.680 allowed to do that sort of thing until they get 0:16:47.760 --> 0:16:52.400 to a particular point in the fiscal year. But here's 0:16:52.400 --> 0:16:55.040 where the real problems came in because a lot of 0:16:55.040 --> 0:16:59.920 these companies began to falter when people realized, hey, they 0:17:00.000 --> 0:17:02.480 don't really have a way of making money and they 0:17:02.480 --> 0:17:05.560 can only keep treading water with investment money for so 0:17:05.600 --> 0:17:08.760 long before everything falls apart. And it was like a 0:17:08.800 --> 0:17:12.560 house of cards. It all fell down, and it didn't 0:17:12.600 --> 0:17:14.760 all fall down on a single day. It's not like 0:17:14.800 --> 0:17:16.760 there's a particular day you can point to and say 0:17:16.840 --> 0:17:20.359 this is the day the bubble burst, the bubble meaning 0:17:20.480 --> 0:17:25.600 this speculation bubble of the value of dot com companies. Instead, 0:17:25.640 --> 0:17:29.399 it happened over a course of years from two thousand 0:17:29.440 --> 0:17:32.800 one essentially, and during that time people began to get 0:17:32.800 --> 0:17:35.440 more suspicious of dot com companies that began to ask 0:17:35.480 --> 0:17:39.080 harder questions. The companies themselves were starting to run out 0:17:39.119 --> 0:17:41.720 of that investment money, and because they hadn't found a 0:17:41.720 --> 0:17:44.800 way to generate enough revenue, they couldn't stay afloat, and 0:17:44.840 --> 0:17:48.119 a lot of them went completely out of business. Some 0:17:48.280 --> 0:17:52.840 of them took serious hits to their value. Amazon dot Com, 0:17:52.880 --> 0:17:55.119 for example, was around in those days and for a 0:17:55.119 --> 0:17:57.639 while had shares that were in the triple digit value, 0:17:57.640 --> 0:18:00.959 like over a hundred dollars of share, but after the 0:18:01.000 --> 0:18:04.800 bubble burst it dropped to less than ten dollars a share, 0:18:05.280 --> 0:18:10.480 huge drop. But companies like Amazon were large enough and 0:18:10.480 --> 0:18:14.160 and savvy enough to wade through that time and emerge 0:18:14.200 --> 0:18:17.280 out the other side. Not all companies were so lucky, 0:18:17.440 --> 0:18:20.359 and the worst part of this is that those employees 0:18:20.480 --> 0:18:23.119 who had worked so hard and had been rewarded in 0:18:23.200 --> 0:18:28.720 stock now found themselves with worthless stock. The companies were bankrupt, 0:18:28.840 --> 0:18:32.399 so the shares were not worth anything, and that was 0:18:32.440 --> 0:18:34.800 a huge issue. So you had all these people who, 0:18:35.440 --> 0:18:38.879 for a while on paper were millionaires and then suddenly 0:18:38.880 --> 0:18:41.720 they were broke, or at least they weren't millionaires anymore. 0:18:42.840 --> 0:18:46.320 Many dot com companies went on to business um and 0:18:46.640 --> 0:18:50.800 those that stayed around people wanted to try and figure out, well, 0:18:51.119 --> 0:18:53.920 what what set them apart, what made them different? How 0:18:53.960 --> 0:18:56.800 did these companies survive? How did these websites make it 0:18:56.880 --> 0:19:00.800 through the dot com bubble burst while so many others 0:19:00.840 --> 0:19:03.960 went away? And that's where the term web two point 0:19:04.040 --> 0:19:08.520 oh really comes into play. Now. Personally, I think it's 0:19:08.560 --> 0:19:12.720 a dumb term. It's terrible. It suggests a chronological order, 0:19:13.280 --> 0:19:15.840 so it would suggest that there was first Web one 0:19:15.880 --> 0:19:17.760 point oh and then at some point there was a 0:19:17.800 --> 0:19:20.560 Web two point oh release. Because it's very similar to 0:19:20.560 --> 0:19:24.960 the way we look at software. For example, we're operating systems, 0:19:25.280 --> 0:19:27.800 but that's not what this means. It's not the way 0:19:27.840 --> 0:19:31.560 it works. So I think it's ultimately more confusing than helpful. 0:19:31.880 --> 0:19:35.359 But that's what we have, uh, And the truth is 0:19:35.440 --> 0:19:39.120 that both websites that were more in the Web one 0:19:39.160 --> 0:19:42.680 point oh frame than the web two point oh frame 0:19:42.880 --> 0:19:46.000 and web two point o websites existed at the same time. 0:19:46.000 --> 0:19:49.720 In other words, this wasn't chronological. You can't point to 0:19:49.760 --> 0:19:53.720 a date and say after this time, all the websites 0:19:53.720 --> 0:19:58.560 were Web two point oh. Even back in with Justin's Links, 0:19:59.000 --> 0:20:03.120 we start seeing two point oh philosophy working its way 0:20:03.200 --> 0:20:06.360 into websites. And that was years before the dot com 0:20:06.400 --> 0:20:11.919 bubble burst. So it's problematic using this term. But at 0:20:11.920 --> 0:20:16.320 any rate, we need to look at what actually happened, 0:20:16.359 --> 0:20:18.399 like why is this term around in the first place, 0:20:18.480 --> 0:20:24.159 And that's because of the O'Reilly Media company. So in 0:20:24.200 --> 0:20:26.879 two thousand four, Tim O'Reilly who was the founder of 0:20:26.920 --> 0:20:30.760 O'Reilly Media, and Dale Dougherty, who was a VP and 0:20:30.840 --> 0:20:33.720 O'Reilly we're having a brainstorming session. They were trying to 0:20:33.720 --> 0:20:37.840 come up with a an event that could really focus 0:20:38.080 --> 0:20:42.919 on what makes a web company successful? Why were some 0:20:42.960 --> 0:20:46.480 web companies able to survive while so many others failed, 0:20:47.119 --> 0:20:49.960 What were the mistakes that the older websites made or 0:20:50.000 --> 0:20:52.760 the failed websites made, and what were the success stories? 0:20:53.280 --> 0:20:55.320 And so they started trying to think, well, how are 0:20:55.320 --> 0:20:58.080 we going to define this, what's the what's the way 0:20:58.119 --> 0:21:03.160 we create a catchy term to explain the new philosophy 0:21:03.200 --> 0:21:06.240 of the web, the one that survived, And that's where 0:21:06.240 --> 0:21:09.920 they came up with the term web two point oh. 0:21:10.119 --> 0:21:12.760 And that was it. It was just to give a 0:21:12.880 --> 0:21:15.119 name to a summit, the Web two point oh Summit, 0:21:15.119 --> 0:21:18.640 which took place in two thousand four, and they had 0:21:18.680 --> 0:21:23.159 several since then, but they just wanted a way to say, 0:21:23.640 --> 0:21:26.640 these are the type of websites that did all right 0:21:27.119 --> 0:21:29.280 throughout the dot com bubble verse. These are the ones 0:21:29.320 --> 0:21:32.920 that had the traits that allowed them to survive. Now, 0:21:32.960 --> 0:21:35.600 in general, the qualities that define web two point oh 0:21:35.640 --> 0:21:38.439 are that they tend to be dynamic pages rather than 0:21:38.480 --> 0:21:40.680 static ones, meaning that there's a reason for you to 0:21:40.760 --> 0:21:43.879 go back and look at it again. It's not something 0:21:43.920 --> 0:21:47.119 that's going to be a page out of the encyclopedia 0:21:47.240 --> 0:21:50.000 and it never ever changes. That makes it web two 0:21:50.040 --> 0:21:53.520 point oh. Another is that there tends to be some 0:21:53.600 --> 0:21:57.040 way for users to generate content and submit it to 0:21:57.320 --> 0:22:01.400 the website. That may be something along the lines of blogging, 0:22:01.640 --> 0:22:05.640 where the users are journaling using the web page as 0:22:05.720 --> 0:22:09.120 a place for their journal to go, or it might 0:22:09.160 --> 0:22:13.480 be social media site where they're just reaching out to 0:22:13.600 --> 0:22:17.000 friends or sharing links or stories or jokes or whatever. 0:22:18.440 --> 0:22:22.520 Or it might be something more akin to Amazon, where 0:22:22.640 --> 0:22:26.159 users are able to review products that they've purchased, and 0:22:26.240 --> 0:22:30.120 that adds value to Amazon because future customers can look 0:22:30.119 --> 0:22:33.119 at those reviews and make judgments, and then they too 0:22:33.200 --> 0:22:37.240 can contribute to this system, and that makes the whole 0:22:37.359 --> 0:22:42.000 experience of using Amazon more pleasant and robust and useful 0:22:42.119 --> 0:22:45.879 to both the company and the consumer. These are the 0:22:45.920 --> 0:22:48.920 sort of things that became known as the web two 0:22:49.000 --> 0:22:53.680 point oh qualities, This dynamic approach with user generated content, 0:22:54.200 --> 0:22:58.160 stuff that could be syndicated and be sent out across 0:22:58.240 --> 0:23:00.760 multiple platforms. All of that was wrapped up in this 0:23:01.720 --> 0:23:05.040 and like I said, it does in fact cover things 0:23:05.040 --> 0:23:07.400 like social media sites. If you look back on the 0:23:07.480 --> 0:23:11.800 timeline of the major social media sites, they all emerged 0:23:12.000 --> 0:23:17.360 after the dot com bubble burst. There really weren't any 0:23:17.560 --> 0:23:21.480 sites that kind of fall into that social media category 0:23:21.720 --> 0:23:25.760 the way we think of today pre dot Com bubble burst. 0:23:25.840 --> 0:23:28.800