WEBVTT - Print Your Dream Home 0:00:00.160 --> 0:00:07.240 Brought to you by Toyota. Let's go places. Welcome to 0:00:07.400 --> 0:00:14.480 Forward Thinking, I'll see everyone, and welcome to Forward Thinking, 0:00:14.520 --> 0:00:17.000 the podcast that looks at the future and says our 0:00:17.040 --> 0:00:20.000 house in the middle of the street. I'm Jonathan Strickland 0:00:20.040 --> 0:00:23.400 and I'm Lauren bulk bomb Our other coast. Joe McCormick 0:00:23.600 --> 0:00:26.079 is out today, so we are going it alone. Yep. 0:00:26.280 --> 0:00:28.840 But you know it's all right because we've done this 0:00:28.880 --> 0:00:32.320 show without me. We've done an episode I think or 0:00:32.360 --> 0:00:35.680 maybe two without Lauren. So really, I mean, we all 0:00:35.680 --> 0:00:38.760 just take turns, and Joe knows that the future is 0:00:39.440 --> 0:00:42.160 strong in our hands. We're going to keep the future going. 0:00:42.200 --> 0:00:44.600 We're not going to break the future. Yes, we we 0:00:44.680 --> 0:00:47.120 sadly do not have the Mystical Acts in the studio, 0:00:47.200 --> 0:00:50.680 but it's presence really has imputas Yeah, the mystical Acts 0:00:50.720 --> 0:00:53.920 is really now a metaphor. It's it's the mystical Acts 0:00:53.960 --> 0:00:57.080 that's inside us all. But Joe is the caretaker of 0:00:57.080 --> 0:00:59.920 the mystical accent, and frankly we didn't want to do 0:01:00.080 --> 0:01:02.280 around his desk and find where he keeps it for 0:01:02.400 --> 0:01:06.080 fear of discovering something we cannot unlearned. But Today, we're 0:01:06.080 --> 0:01:08.559 going to learn more about something we've already talked about 0:01:08.560 --> 0:01:11.800 a couple of times on this podcast, three D printing. 0:01:11.920 --> 0:01:15.240 And the reason we're talking about again is because folks 0:01:15.319 --> 0:01:19.480 keep coming up with really cool applications for this stuff. Now, 0:01:19.520 --> 0:01:22.360 if you've only ever seen a demo of a three 0:01:22.440 --> 0:01:25.840 D printer, or perhaps have managed to work on one 0:01:25.840 --> 0:01:29.200 in some small capacity, you're probably aware it's it's what 0:01:29.240 --> 0:01:32.759 we call additive manufacturing, right, is this process of adding 0:01:33.200 --> 0:01:37.120 layer upon layer of very thin material to build a 0:01:37.240 --> 0:01:41.240 three dimensional object from the ground up. Now, traditionally plastics 0:01:41.280 --> 0:01:43.520 are used in these things, but um, but these days 0:01:43.680 --> 0:01:47.319 lots of different materials are are being used to create 0:01:47.360 --> 0:01:51.560 all kinds of different uh end objects. Yeah, I remember 0:01:51.640 --> 0:01:55.440 that you and Joe talked about printing things like pizza, 0:01:56.040 --> 0:01:58.640 which which may or may not have been a success 0:01:59.640 --> 0:02:02.880 less than a total success. But but but I mean edible. 0:02:02.920 --> 0:02:09.040 I mean something that is relatively nutritious and not completely disgusting. Yeah. Hey, 0:02:09.120 --> 0:02:12.640 you know, baby steps, baby steps towards the replicator, my friends. 0:02:12.760 --> 0:02:15.040 And honestly, if I can cook something that falls into 0:02:15.080 --> 0:02:18.000 those categories the traditional way, then I'm pretty proud of myself. 0:02:18.080 --> 0:02:20.519 I counted as a win myself. Yeah, same here. So 0:02:21.280 --> 0:02:23.280 the cool thing we wanted to talk about today a 0:02:23.280 --> 0:02:26.200 couple of different things. Actually, well, one was something that 0:02:26.240 --> 0:02:29.720 we talked about in this week's Forward Thinking video three 0:02:29.840 --> 0:02:34.880 D printed houses. I mean an entire entire house. Yeah, 0:02:34.880 --> 0:02:37.440 And when we're talking about three D printer, this thing 0:02:38.080 --> 0:02:39.840 is enormous. If you were to look at you would 0:02:39.840 --> 0:02:43.400 just think this is some really bizarre construction machinery because 0:02:43.400 --> 0:02:47.240 it's so big. It measures ten meters wide, which is 0:02:47.360 --> 0:02:51.560 thirty three ft by six point six meters high, which 0:02:51.600 --> 0:02:55.000 is twenty two ft, so thirty three ft wide twenty 0:02:55.040 --> 0:02:59.000 two ft tall. And this thing can print a house 0:02:59.600 --> 0:03:04.160 out of recycled materials no less. Yeah. Now, specifically, it 0:03:04.240 --> 0:03:07.560 was a company in China, near Shanghai that was using 0:03:07.600 --> 0:03:11.280 this as a demonstration. They printed ten houses in a 0:03:11.320 --> 0:03:16.200 single day, and these were relatively small houses. The material 0:03:16.280 --> 0:03:21.120 looks very much like concrete is, but they were able 0:03:21.160 --> 0:03:23.960 to take runoff like the stuff that isn't used in 0:03:24.040 --> 0:03:28.840 other manufacturing processes and use that recycle that into actual 0:03:28.880 --> 0:03:32.840 construction material. So it cuts down on waste not only 0:03:33.360 --> 0:03:37.560 by taking this recycled material, but by using this additive uh, 0:03:37.800 --> 0:03:41.440 manufacturing process because, like we talked about in previous podcasts, 0:03:41.760 --> 0:03:44.720 if you're talking about subtractive, that means you take something 0:03:44.880 --> 0:03:48.040 and then you carve away all the stuff you don't want. Right. 0:03:48.120 --> 0:03:51.920 This is traditional sculpture is a subtractive process where you 0:03:51.960 --> 0:03:54.160 take a block of whatever material is, so let's say 0:03:54.160 --> 0:03:56.560 it's marble, and then you cut away all the stuff 0:03:56.600 --> 0:04:00.360 that doesn't look like David, you know. That's the ballistic 0:04:00.400 --> 0:04:03.160 way of putting it. But three D printing is additive, 0:04:03.160 --> 0:04:05.280 where you're only adding the stuff you need and you 0:04:05.320 --> 0:04:09.120 don't add anything that's that's superfluous or necessary, so you 0:04:09.240 --> 0:04:12.200 have less waste. It can also be more structurally sound, 0:04:12.520 --> 0:04:15.560 uh than than having to worry about how the corners 0:04:15.640 --> 0:04:18.520 joined up, because they're built joined up right now. The 0:04:19.200 --> 0:04:21.920 Chinese version I saw, which by the way, they bought 0:04:21.960 --> 0:04:25.520 that three D printer from the United States. But the 0:04:25.600 --> 0:04:27.720 Chinese version I saw it looked more like they were 0:04:27.720 --> 0:04:31.200 printing large segments together and then assembling them. But there's 0:04:31.240 --> 0:04:34.359 another version that was proposed and built by the University 0:04:34.360 --> 0:04:37.919 of Southern California that could print an entire house in 0:04:38.000 --> 0:04:42.200 twenty four hours, and it in fact is printed you 0:04:42.240 --> 0:04:44.400 get the whole house. It's not printed. It's not like 0:04:44.440 --> 0:04:46.320 you get four walls that you didn't have to put 0:04:46.320 --> 0:04:47.680 together and then a roof that you have to put 0:04:47.720 --> 0:04:50.200 on top. It prints the whole thing. Wow. So so 0:04:50.240 --> 0:04:52.599 it's on some kind of some kind of rail system 0:04:52.720 --> 0:04:55.400 or scaffolding. The three the three D printer itself is 0:04:55.440 --> 0:04:58.360 on rails. So imagine two arms, each of which are 0:04:58.400 --> 0:05:01.920 mounted on a rail that are separated by However, why 0:05:02.000 --> 0:05:04.280 do you want the house to be? So? These rails 0:05:04.320 --> 0:05:07.880 allow the the printer head to move up and down 0:05:07.920 --> 0:05:11.040 the entire length of where that house is going to 0:05:11.080 --> 0:05:16.080 be and laid down, layer by layer everything in this house. 0:05:16.440 --> 0:05:20.159 It's pretty phenomenal. Now, granted, this approach also means that 0:05:20.480 --> 0:05:24.240 you're really just creating the foundation, the structures, the walls, 0:05:24.279 --> 0:05:27.120 the ceiling, that kind of thing, even leaving uh spaces 0:05:27.160 --> 0:05:29.760 for things like windows and doors. But you are not 0:05:30.040 --> 0:05:33.159 printing components that will be necessary that you have to 0:05:33.160 --> 0:05:36.159 add in later, things like plumbing or electricity, that stuff 0:05:36.160 --> 0:05:38.120 we have to Yeah, we haven't quite gotten to the 0:05:38.160 --> 0:05:40.760 point yet where we can print all of that together. 0:05:41.000 --> 0:05:43.600 As it turns out, mixing materials within a single project 0:05:43.720 --> 0:05:46.560 is relatively difficult. It is something that that we're as 0:05:46.600 --> 0:05:49.400 we're going to talk about later on, people are working on. Yes, 0:05:49.760 --> 0:05:52.960 So it's really cool that this this approach is being 0:05:53.080 --> 0:05:56.040 used for multiple reasons. One is just the idea that 0:05:56.440 --> 0:06:00.640 you could you could build a house ten houses and day. 0:06:00.680 --> 0:06:04.440 That could be fine for people who have who need 0:06:04.480 --> 0:06:07.239 low income housing, because these houses are also really cheap. 0:06:07.320 --> 0:06:10.720 One the houses are since they're being uh created by 0:06:10.880 --> 0:06:13.720 a printer, mean that the labor costs are lower and 0:06:13.800 --> 0:06:17.960 to the materials cost because it's recycled, are lower. So 0:06:18.160 --> 0:06:21.679 the approximate price of one of these houses is less 0:06:21.680 --> 0:06:26.480 than five thousand dollars for a house. So you think, 0:06:26.600 --> 0:06:28.479 all right, print ten of those in a day. You've 0:06:28.480 --> 0:06:32.960 got fifty thou dollars worth of houses, which normally fifty 0:06:33.000 --> 0:06:34.960 thou dollars wouldn't even buy you much of a of 0:06:35.000 --> 0:06:39.480 a large house in most major areas in the especially 0:06:39.480 --> 0:06:42.400 here in Atlanta, um if you're living in the city anyway, 0:06:42.480 --> 0:06:46.240 So it's it's pretty interesting on those levels. And they 0:06:46.279 --> 0:06:49.599 also are talking about possibly using something like this to 0:06:49.680 --> 0:06:54.680 construct the actual levels of a skyscraper, so perhaps one 0:06:54.720 --> 0:06:58.080 day being able to print floor by floor a skyscraper 0:06:58.080 --> 0:07:01.600 that then gets assembled. It's really interesting idea. I don't 0:07:01.640 --> 0:07:05.039 know how far it's going to go, but the idea 0:07:05.120 --> 0:07:07.600 of being able to do something like this, use computer 0:07:07.600 --> 0:07:10.120 assisted design to build your dream home and then print 0:07:10.160 --> 0:07:14.200 it out is pretty cool. Well, considering that that some 0:07:14.600 --> 0:07:18.360 segments of the construction industry are are already trying to 0:07:18.360 --> 0:07:21.560 to use that kind of three D modeling and um 0:07:21.680 --> 0:07:27.680 and cheaper labor through these pre designed uh customs little 0:07:27.680 --> 0:07:30.720 bit almost like modules modules right right, thank you, and 0:07:30.920 --> 0:07:33.440 out of manufacturing is is really just the next step 0:07:33.520 --> 0:07:36.320 in all of that. So, and and not having to 0:07:36.480 --> 0:07:41.040 drag giant pre built modules around on trucks is also 0:07:41.280 --> 0:07:43.480 you just have to move the giants, the giant three 0:07:43.560 --> 0:07:46.280 D printer to wherever you need to go. But I mean, 0:07:46.440 --> 0:07:49.040 even if even if this means printing something and then 0:07:49.200 --> 0:07:52.880 using a giant tractor trailer to to haul at someplace, 0:07:52.880 --> 0:07:55.160 you're still talking about building a house in a fraction 0:07:55.200 --> 0:07:57.400 of the time it would take. I mean, anyone who 0:07:57.400 --> 0:08:01.200 has seen a house being built no that that tends 0:08:01.240 --> 0:08:04.360 to be a pretty long process. So being able to 0:08:04.400 --> 0:08:07.160 do it in a day, like even the the the 0:08:07.280 --> 0:08:10.600 University of Southern California version, which was a multi room 0:08:10.680 --> 0:08:13.920 house with multiple floors. They said they could still do 0:08:13.960 --> 0:08:16.440 it in twenty four hours. So twenty four hours start 0:08:16.480 --> 0:08:18.160 to finish, you have a you have a house. It 0:08:18.200 --> 0:08:20.480 may not quite be ready to be to move into, 0:08:20.840 --> 0:08:24.160 but that all the structures are built. That is amazing. 0:08:24.320 --> 0:08:27.320 So it's it's really cool. But that's that's just one 0:08:27.720 --> 0:08:29.640 use of three D printing that we wanted to cover. 0:08:29.720 --> 0:08:34.080 There's actually a whole bunch, especially in the medical field, right, 0:08:34.160 --> 0:08:37.000 I mean, anything that's on a smaller scale is obviously 0:08:37.000 --> 0:08:38.600 going to be a little bit easier to deal with, 0:08:38.760 --> 0:08:43.320 and there are so many opportunities for for advancements in medicine. Yeah, 0:08:43.840 --> 0:08:45.640 one of the ones that I wanted to talk about 0:08:45.840 --> 0:08:49.760 is is actually a pretty simple one in the grand 0:08:49.800 --> 0:08:51.600 scheme of things, because some of the stuff we're gonna 0:08:51.600 --> 0:08:54.120 talk about tends to be let's let's use the word 0:08:54.280 --> 0:08:57.839 invasive the in order to take advantage of it. We're 0:08:57.840 --> 0:09:01.160 talking about things some kind of surgery. Yeah, this in 0:09:01.200 --> 0:09:04.240 this case, this is just replacing the good old broken 0:09:04.360 --> 0:09:07.040 arm or broken leg cast Like I don't know, I 0:09:07.080 --> 0:09:10.200 have never had to wear one, all right, so neither 0:09:10.240 --> 0:09:13.880 of us have experienced the joy of having a plaster cast. 0:09:13.960 --> 0:09:16.479 But they but they look they look itchy and unwieldy 0:09:16.600 --> 0:09:19.199 and terrible, right, and they don't allow your skin to 0:09:19.280 --> 0:09:21.320 breathe or anything like that. I can just imagine just 0:09:21.360 --> 0:09:25.080 going crazy thinking I just I just want some air 0:09:25.559 --> 0:09:27.760 on my skin and coming out even more pasty and 0:09:27.800 --> 0:09:30.720 translucent to the neither of us, which would pretty much 0:09:30.760 --> 0:09:34.920 mean we'd be completely transparent. Yeah, we go from translucent 0:09:34.920 --> 0:09:38.440 to transparent like those little frogs at the or or 0:09:38.480 --> 0:09:42.920 the the invisible woman type uh model that you could 0:09:42.960 --> 0:09:45.400 get in school where it show all the veins, and yeah, 0:09:45.440 --> 0:09:48.400 that would be us. It's really not far from where 0:09:48.400 --> 0:09:52.120 we are already. But yeah, so so one way of 0:09:52.280 --> 0:09:56.640 perhaps going a different route than the plaster cast is 0:09:56.679 --> 0:10:01.560 to follow the design of Dinna's Kasan And I have 0:10:01.640 --> 0:10:03.760 no idea if I pronounced his name correctly, but he's 0:10:03.760 --> 0:10:08.839 a Turkish designer who created this super cool three D 0:10:08.960 --> 0:10:12.960 printed essentially a plastic cast. Uh. The way it works 0:10:13.200 --> 0:10:16.120 is you would first have whatever body part needed to 0:10:16.120 --> 0:10:19.040 have the cast on it completely scanned three D scanned, 0:10:19.400 --> 0:10:21.720 so you're getting all the different angles there. The cast 0:10:21.800 --> 0:10:25.480 is then built specifically to the contours of that limb, 0:10:25.760 --> 0:10:29.080 so it fits nice and snug. It prints into two 0:10:29.120 --> 0:10:32.520 segments which then snapped together, just like if you've ever 0:10:32.559 --> 0:10:35.120 put together any kind of plastic toy, you know that 0:10:35.200 --> 0:10:38.000 has a little pegs, poles, same sort of thing, And 0:10:38.280 --> 0:10:41.840 instead of being a solid piece like a plaster cast is, 0:10:42.040 --> 0:10:44.640 it looks more like a net. So it's got holes 0:10:44.679 --> 0:10:47.600 that are opened up so that your your skin can breathe. 0:10:47.840 --> 0:10:51.600 You've got that ability to if an itch hits you 0:10:51.960 --> 0:10:54.880 actually scratch it without having to stick some sort of 0:10:55.000 --> 0:10:57.600 chopstick down the cast and hope you can hit the 0:10:57.679 --> 0:11:02.560 right spot. Uh. And also an interesting idea, although it's 0:11:02.600 --> 0:11:06.679 somewhat untested or at least the tests are inconclusive, is 0:11:06.720 --> 0:11:12.559 to allow using an ultrasonic emitter to put ultrasonic signals 0:11:12.600 --> 0:11:17.920 into your your your body to help stimulate bone healing. 0:11:18.679 --> 0:11:22.680 So there's some studies that suggest this actually works. There's 0:11:22.720 --> 0:11:28.160 some studies that say that ultrasonic stimulation has a negligible, 0:11:28.200 --> 0:11:31.400 if any effect, So the jury is still out on 0:11:31.400 --> 0:11:35.880 whether or not ultrasonic stimulation is really a benefit, and 0:11:35.920 --> 0:11:38.240 if it is, if it's a measurable enough benefit to 0:11:38.320 --> 0:11:42.000 justify the cost. So there's still some debate on that, 0:11:42.080 --> 0:11:44.400 but one thing is for sure. If you have a 0:11:44.440 --> 0:11:47.160 big plaster cast on, you can't really take advantage of 0:11:47.160 --> 0:11:49.559 it anyway, because the ultrasonic frequencies are going to have 0:11:49.600 --> 0:11:54.439 trouble just penetrating that. So if you have have one 0:11:54.440 --> 0:11:56.199 that has holes in it where you can actually put 0:11:56.240 --> 0:11:59.040 the emitter right up against the skin, you get around that. 0:11:59.160 --> 0:12:01.720 I'll take the being able to scratch an itch thing. Yeah, 0:12:01.760 --> 0:12:05.480 even even if the ultrasonic ends up ultimately proving to 0:12:05.600 --> 0:12:08.880 not be a scientifically valid means of helping heal the bone. 0:12:09.679 --> 0:12:12.880 The comfort factor alone, plus these things look kind of 0:12:13.080 --> 0:12:15.440 kind of badass. They do, They really do. I mean, 0:12:15.480 --> 0:12:17.440 you know, if you want to go sort of punk, 0:12:17.480 --> 0:12:22.280 fishnetty sort of look and hey, I'm punk, but maybe 0:12:22.840 --> 0:12:24.920 that's that's me I want. I want the fish nets 0:12:24.960 --> 0:12:27.840 and they can be printed in any color. Yeah yeah, yeah. 0:12:27.920 --> 0:12:29.560 The ones I saw were black, but they also had 0:12:29.600 --> 0:12:31.840 them printed in white, which was nice. Um, I mean 0:12:31.880 --> 0:12:35.320 I would probably go hot pink because that's clearly what 0:12:35.360 --> 0:12:37.240 I always think of you, Yeah, because I mean I'm 0:12:37.280 --> 0:12:40.600 punk rock, but I like to feel pretty, So yeah, 0:12:40.840 --> 0:12:44.640 super cool use of it. But then we have some more. 0:12:45.320 --> 0:12:48.080 I guess you could say extreme uses of three D 0:12:48.160 --> 0:12:53.280 printing things for something beyond a broken bone. So for example, prostheses, right, 0:12:53.320 --> 0:12:55.800 which we've talked a bunch about before on the show. 0:12:55.960 --> 0:12:58.040 And uh, and I think that in the last time 0:12:58.040 --> 0:13:01.640 that we were talking about prostheses, we didn't mention the 0:13:01.679 --> 0:13:05.960 possibility of three D printing things specifically for specific people. Yeah, 0:13:05.960 --> 0:13:10.040 but but it's become so much cheaper and more widespread, 0:13:10.120 --> 0:13:12.600 so much easier to access right now, A lot of 0:13:12.600 --> 0:13:16.600 these prostheses tend to be fairly primitive compared to say, 0:13:16.640 --> 0:13:20.120 you know, your top of the line prosthetics. Like there's 0:13:20.160 --> 0:13:22.920 some procetics out there that are fully have you know, 0:13:23.040 --> 0:13:26.040 robotic motors and everything in them so that they can 0:13:26.120 --> 0:13:30.839 respond to either muscle control or some other control mechanism. 0:13:30.960 --> 0:13:35.520 These that we're talking about here are less um less sophisticated, 0:13:35.600 --> 0:13:38.800 but they can still make a dramatic impact on the 0:13:38.840 --> 0:13:41.120 life of someone who has lost a limb or perhaps 0:13:41.160 --> 0:13:43.960 was born without, say, fingers. We're going to talk a 0:13:43.960 --> 0:13:46.880 little bit about a person like that. So this is 0:13:46.960 --> 0:13:51.280 really cool stuff. I love the idea of of democratizing 0:13:51.360 --> 0:13:55.480 a technology and getting it into a lot more fields. 0:13:55.480 --> 0:13:58.520 Where people would not necessarily have the means, maybe they 0:13:58.520 --> 0:14:01.440 don't have the money or they don't have accessibility of 0:14:01.440 --> 0:14:04.679 getting one of these incredible prosthetics, because seeing a doctor 0:14:04.720 --> 0:14:07.719 paying for that kind of thing exactly. Project Daniel is 0:14:07.760 --> 0:14:09.839 a really good example of that. Yeah, this is a 0:14:10.080 --> 0:14:14.080 came This came from Not Impossible Labs. So so Mike 0:14:14.400 --> 0:14:17.240 of Not Impossible Labs, He's actually done quite a few videos, 0:14:17.440 --> 0:14:19.800 including a ted talk about some of the work he's 0:14:19.800 --> 0:14:23.000 done with this. This group flew down to Sudan to 0:14:23.280 --> 0:14:25.760 print a prosthetic arm for a young man named Daniel, 0:14:25.760 --> 0:14:28.360 who had lost both his arms in a bomb blast. 0:14:28.400 --> 0:14:31.720 I mean, obviously, the Sudan is the the is a 0:14:31.760 --> 0:14:35.080 region that has just been uh plagued by war, very 0:14:35.200 --> 0:14:39.000 violent conflicts for years and years, and they're countless victims 0:14:39.080 --> 0:14:42.440 of this, lots of people who have lost one or 0:14:42.480 --> 0:14:46.960 more limbs. So he went down and worked with the 0:14:47.360 --> 0:14:52.320 people of this little town in the Sudan and brought 0:14:52.360 --> 0:14:55.520 along a three D printer, brought brought along spools of 0:14:55.560 --> 0:14:59.200 the material that the three D printer uses, and began 0:14:59.240 --> 0:15:04.960 to work on building a three D printed arm for Daniel. Yeah, 0:15:05.000 --> 0:15:07.960 but not just too I mean, and that alone is wonderful, 0:15:08.040 --> 0:15:10.600 of course, but also to teach the community how to 0:15:10.720 --> 0:15:13.320 use these tools so that they can continue using it 0:15:13.400 --> 0:15:16.400 after he and and the other project leaders had gone 0:15:16.440 --> 0:15:19.080 back home. Yeah, and that's exactly what has happened. That 0:15:19.360 --> 0:15:21.800 there's a follow up that talks about how they have 0:15:21.920 --> 0:15:25.480 printed I think an arm a day, they've printed limbs 0:15:25.560 --> 0:15:29.480 to help people. It gives them a new range of motion, 0:15:29.520 --> 0:15:32.240 gives them freedom. For example, with with Daniel, they talked 0:15:32.240 --> 0:15:35.240 about how this allowed him to feed himself for the 0:15:35.280 --> 0:15:39.440 first time in two years. So that is something we all, 0:15:39.760 --> 0:15:41.400 most of us, I won't say we all, most of 0:15:41.480 --> 0:15:43.640 us take for granted. We take this stuff for granted. 0:15:43.720 --> 0:15:47.920 So to think of someone regaining that kind of agency 0:15:47.960 --> 0:15:51.880 in their own lives is it's really moving. And so 0:15:51.960 --> 0:15:55.640 we're seeing that being used in places like uh, the 0:15:55.680 --> 0:15:59.400 Sedan and other places that have very little access to 0:15:59.720 --> 0:16:02.640 tap of the line kind of prosthetics. You know, that 0:16:02.680 --> 0:16:05.760 gets a lot of attention in the robotics field over 0:16:06.000 --> 0:16:09.520 in other countries like in the United States, But this 0:16:09.600 --> 0:16:13.280 is something that could dramatically change a lot of people's lives. 0:16:13.360 --> 0:16:17.880 Another example, another really heartwarming story. Yeah, there's a Kansas 0:16:17.960 --> 0:16:21.000 teenager named Mason Wilde who used a three D printer 0:16:21.080 --> 0:16:24.000 to make a prosthetic hand for a neighbor of his. 0:16:24.240 --> 0:16:28.040 So one of his neighbors is this nine year old girl. Yeah, no, 0:16:28.040 --> 0:16:32.160 no fingers on one hand. Um, And so Mason Wilde 0:16:32.160 --> 0:16:35.840 printed up, he designed and worked, and he had already 0:16:35.840 --> 0:16:38.240 built a computer from scratch when he was a little 0:16:38.280 --> 0:16:42.200 bit younger. So this teenager goes and builds, designs and 0:16:42.200 --> 0:16:46.200 builds a three D printed hand and uh and and 0:16:46.320 --> 0:16:49.960 the girl absolutely adores it. And it can do things 0:16:49.960 --> 0:16:52.320 like it can grip pick things up. She's able to 0:16:52.360 --> 0:16:55.760 have a lot more mobility. She was born without these fingers, 0:16:55.760 --> 0:16:57.800 so it wasn't due to an injury, but now she 0:16:57.920 --> 0:17:01.320 has um a working hand and she loves it. The 0:17:01.360 --> 0:17:03.840 neat thing about this three D printing approach is also 0:17:04.000 --> 0:17:09.640 that as a person grows, you can print new new prosthses. 0:17:09.720 --> 0:17:12.480 Yeah and you you know again, combining the three D 0:17:12.600 --> 0:17:15.919 scanning with a three D printing makes this much easier. Obviously, 0:17:16.000 --> 0:17:18.119 if you don't have the three D scanner, it's a 0:17:18.119 --> 0:17:21.760 lot more trial and error. But even but but but 0:17:21.880 --> 0:17:24.200 either way, I mean the idea that a high school 0:17:24.240 --> 0:17:27.040 er went and did this for his elementary school neighbor. 0:17:27.240 --> 0:17:30.800 Is just so cute and and indicative of the way 0:17:30.800 --> 0:17:34.320 that the industry can go right. This is very clearly 0:17:34.440 --> 0:17:38.080 something that is is at a core of a large 0:17:38.160 --> 0:17:40.480 part of the three D printer community, like a three 0:17:40.560 --> 0:17:43.159 D printer enthusiasts, the folks who have been behind this 0:17:43.240 --> 0:17:46.280 technology for the better part of a decade while most 0:17:46.280 --> 0:17:48.920 of us were unaware that such a thing could even exist. 0:17:49.480 --> 0:17:52.239 This is the sort of stuff they've been championing from 0:17:52.320 --> 0:17:54.800 the very beginning, and now we're seeing the stories come 0:17:54.800 --> 0:17:57.520 out as the technology has become sophisticate enough to actually 0:17:57.560 --> 0:17:59.920 make it a reality, because clearly, you know, in the 0:18:00.040 --> 0:18:05.760 early days, you're talking about resolutions of several microns thick 0:18:05.880 --> 0:18:08.800 per layer, which means that you couldn't have a really 0:18:08.920 --> 0:18:12.800 smooth kind of object that you printed on a on 0:18:12.880 --> 0:18:15.439 a micro level, anything that had a lot of moving parts. 0:18:15.560 --> 0:18:18.000 It was a little complicated. And now we're getting to 0:18:18.080 --> 0:18:21.760 the sophisticated printers that can print on either are micron 0:18:21.800 --> 0:18:24.879 thick or even thinner, and that's that just means that 0:18:24.920 --> 0:18:28.920 you're able to make much more complex materials by by 0:18:28.960 --> 0:18:32.120 combining all the little things that you've printed out sophistication 0:18:32.160 --> 0:18:36.040 and also am inexpensiveness in this case, you know, giving 0:18:36.080 --> 0:18:39.040 that teenager access to a three D printer that that 0:18:39.160 --> 0:18:42.520 he can work with. He apparently went to a library 0:18:42.560 --> 0:18:45.439 and use the libraries three D printer. So when you 0:18:45.480 --> 0:18:47.480 think about that, you right, he was able to print 0:18:47.560 --> 0:18:53.040 a hand using a public institutions three D printer. Uh, 0:18:53.080 --> 0:18:56.720 this is something that again, a prosthetic can cost thousands 0:18:56.760 --> 0:19:01.080 of dollars depending upon the complexity and how it needs 0:19:01.119 --> 0:19:03.280 to be fitted to the person. I mean, this is 0:19:03.280 --> 0:19:07.760 a process that usually takes months and months and and 0:19:07.880 --> 0:19:10.399 thousands of dollars of money that a lot of people 0:19:10.440 --> 0:19:13.480 just don't have. So it's pretty phenomenal stuff. Back on 0:19:13.520 --> 0:19:16.960 the sophistication side though. Um Over in Wales, a man 0:19:17.040 --> 0:19:19.400 who had been in a motorcycle accident that had affected 0:19:19.440 --> 0:19:23.800 half of his face has has been printed replacement skull parts. Yeah, now, 0:19:23.840 --> 0:19:27.000 this is pretty phenomenal. He broke both cheekbones, a joy, 0:19:27.040 --> 0:19:29.680 lost teeth. I mean it was it was a terrible injury. 0:19:29.760 --> 0:19:31.600 Oh yeah yeah, but they but they were able to 0:19:31.680 --> 0:19:34.360 scan the healthy side of his head using CT that's 0:19:34.440 --> 0:19:37.680 that's computerized tomography in which a series of X rays 0:19:37.800 --> 0:19:41.159 from many angles are combined to create cross sections of 0:19:41.160 --> 0:19:44.320 a patient's bones and soft tissue. Um they used that 0:19:44.400 --> 0:19:46.199 to create and print a three D model of what 0:19:46.240 --> 0:19:49.280 they wanted to do, including like custom fit surgical guides, 0:19:49.720 --> 0:19:54.120 and then printed titanium implants specified for this dude's face, 0:19:54.200 --> 0:19:56.639 which is phenomenal. Yeah. It means that they were able 0:19:56.720 --> 0:19:59.880 to make his face much more symmetrical than any other 0:20:00.119 --> 0:20:03.480 means and that uh, he would end up looking more 0:20:03.600 --> 0:20:06.400 like his old self, because I mean, this is this 0:20:06.480 --> 0:20:10.560 is incredible surgery. I mean, you're talking about replacing a 0:20:10.600 --> 0:20:14.040 significant portion of his skull. Yeah. The doctors also said that, 0:20:14.280 --> 0:20:16.879 you know that that specificity allowed them to take a 0:20:16.880 --> 0:20:19.680 lot of the kind of dangerous guesswork out of out 0:20:19.680 --> 0:20:21.840 of the surgical work that they were doing. Sure, because 0:20:21.880 --> 0:20:24.840 I mean, if you end up miscalculating and then you're 0:20:24.880 --> 0:20:27.960 in the process of implanting that and you realize this 0:20:28.000 --> 0:20:30.600 isn't going to work, then that means you already have 0:20:30.640 --> 0:20:32.560 to have another surgery down the line. If you're in 0:20:32.600 --> 0:20:37.640 the middle of an eight hour surgery and this is Yeah, 0:20:37.680 --> 0:20:39.879 that that's terrible. So yeah, this was this is a 0:20:39.880 --> 0:20:43.680 pretty phenomenal use. And then the next one makes my 0:20:43.800 --> 0:20:47.200 mind boggle. This this, it's hard for me to even 0:20:47.240 --> 0:20:49.800 imagine this idea. So, Lauren, why don't you tell me 0:20:49.920 --> 0:20:54.000 about the equivalent of a three D printed pacemaker? Okay, 0:20:54.000 --> 0:20:56.760 this one is a lot more experimental. So so researchers 0:20:56.800 --> 0:21:00.840 have printed a custom fit electronic membrane that can wrap 0:21:00.920 --> 0:21:03.920 over a heart and provide the same monitoring and an 0:21:03.920 --> 0:21:08.040 emergency stimulation that pacemakers can. Today, now, Jonathan and I 0:21:08.080 --> 0:21:10.600 did a whole episode about pacemakers over on our other 0:21:10.640 --> 0:21:13.680 show Text Stuff, and I meant to go grab the 0:21:14.160 --> 0:21:16.320 date and episode title, but I did not, So we'll 0:21:16.400 --> 0:21:18.800 throw that in with the when we publish this podcast, 0:21:18.840 --> 0:21:21.040 I'll make sure that to tweet out and everything of 0:21:21.080 --> 0:21:23.760 the link to that so you guys can listen. So yeah, 0:21:23.800 --> 0:21:25.920 so so watch for that on social guys. But um, 0:21:25.960 --> 0:21:28.640 but but so, I mean, basically, what a pacemaker does 0:21:28.840 --> 0:21:31.080 is if um, you know your your your heart runs 0:21:31.080 --> 0:21:35.159 on electrical single signals, and if something goes wrong, a 0:21:35.280 --> 0:21:37.359 sensor can tell and and give it a little bit 0:21:37.359 --> 0:21:40.360 of a of a burst to keep a little defibrillator 0:21:40.400 --> 0:21:43.520 almost to reregulate it, to get it pumping back in 0:21:43.680 --> 0:21:47.399 a normal, uh, normal beat. So what these researchers did 0:21:47.400 --> 0:21:49.679 They scanned the heart and we're talking about a rabbit 0:21:49.720 --> 0:21:52.080 heart that was x vivo so so outside the body 0:21:52.119 --> 0:21:55.080 and in laboratory conditions. And then they printed this kind 0:21:55.080 --> 0:21:58.760 of polymer glove that can be integrated with silicon and 0:21:59.040 --> 0:22:02.440 uh electronic sensors, all structured in a way that lets 0:22:02.480 --> 0:22:05.639 them stretch without breaking. This allows the sensors in the 0:22:05.680 --> 0:22:09.240 device to be in this constant easy contact with the heart. 0:22:09.280 --> 0:22:11.240 You know, you don't have to like staple it onto 0:22:11.320 --> 0:22:14.480