WEBVTT - How Yo-Yos Work 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:02.840 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 0:00:03.160 --> 0:00:07.560 It's ready. Are you welcome to stuff you should know 0:00:08.160 --> 0:00:16.279 from House stof works dot com. Hey, and welcome to 0:00:16.320 --> 0:00:20.960 the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. This is Charles W. Chuck Bryant. 0:00:21.200 --> 0:00:25.319 That's me, same as ever, scratching the old back. Yeah, 0:00:25.400 --> 0:00:27.240 I just got a little itch there. You ever use 0:00:27.320 --> 0:00:29.600 one of those little dealies, the little creepy hand, the 0:00:29.600 --> 0:00:31.840 little monkey powk on the end of the stick I 0:00:31.920 --> 0:00:37.239 have before, Um, I don't like to do that. It hurts. Yeah, 0:00:37.320 --> 0:00:39.960 I guess you could call it. It's a painful sensation. 0:00:40.560 --> 0:00:43.519 I get up against the wall sometimes and do the 0:00:43.680 --> 0:00:47.120 blue the bear. That'll do sometimes too, But it's weird, 0:00:47.159 --> 0:00:50.240 like I only have backaches in about the same place, 0:00:50.280 --> 0:00:53.199 and that would be on my left shoulder blade on 0:00:53.280 --> 0:00:58.520 the western side of it, depending on which direction I'm facing. Curiously, 0:00:58.560 --> 0:01:00.960 this is going to be the most interesting this show. 0:01:01.040 --> 0:01:04.759 That is not a treat Chuck Man, So, Chuck, this 0:01:04.840 --> 0:01:06.680 is going to be a great one. I have a 0:01:06.720 --> 0:01:08.840 feeling that's gonna be one of those ones where it's like, wow, 0:01:08.880 --> 0:01:11.600 that turned out to be really good. It's physics heavy, 0:01:11.680 --> 0:01:14.600 out the Yeah, everyone loves that. But the fact is, 0:01:14.720 --> 0:01:17.040 when we finished this, you're gonna know how yo yo works. 0:01:17.120 --> 0:01:22.360 This is probably the most truly titled, truest titled episode 0:01:22.360 --> 0:01:27.399 well we've ever done. Do you think yep? I don't know. 0:01:27.600 --> 0:01:29.480 All right, well we'll find out. I think it should 0:01:29.480 --> 0:01:32.080 be called physics through the eye of a yo yo. 0:01:32.520 --> 0:01:36.199 So listen, have you ever seen the movie Harlem Nights? 0:01:36.959 --> 0:01:40.880 Uh parts dude? That is go back and watch it again. 0:01:41.959 --> 0:01:44.360 Oh you're crazy. It's one of the best movies ever. 0:01:44.920 --> 0:01:49.040 Eddie Murphy, Red Fox, Richard Pryor, and like everybody else 0:01:49.080 --> 0:01:52.279 in it too. I think Bernie Max in there terrible script. 0:01:52.440 --> 0:01:54.000 I don't think the script is terro. I thought it 0:01:54.040 --> 0:01:57.120 was great. Um. There's one thing about that movie that 0:01:57.240 --> 0:02:00.240 bugged me to know it. It's setting like the twenties, right, 0:02:01.360 --> 0:02:04.600 and throughout the movie Eddie Murphy uses the word yo 0:02:05.200 --> 0:02:08.320 yo was obviously a modern term, and it just sticks 0:02:08.320 --> 0:02:10.040 out like a sore thumb every time he does. It 0:02:10.160 --> 0:02:12.400 drives me crazy, Like it drives me crazy that he 0:02:12.440 --> 0:02:14.720 did it drives me crazy that the director wasn't like, 0:02:14.880 --> 0:02:17.880 you can't say yo. This is like nineteen twenties New York. 0:02:18.000 --> 0:02:19.760 Yo wasn't around. I don't know that they were going 0:02:19.800 --> 0:02:23.240 for a historical accuracy in that one. They were wearing spats, 0:02:24.800 --> 0:02:28.239 so um Jerry like that one. So I went back 0:02:28.240 --> 0:02:30.000 to the little digging Chuck and it turns out that 0:02:30.080 --> 0:02:33.240 yo was in fact around in the nineteen twenties. But 0:02:33.600 --> 0:02:36.800 Eddie Murphy was still wrong for using it in that capacity. Okay, 0:02:36.880 --> 0:02:40.080 so um yo goes back at least to like the 0:02:40.160 --> 0:02:44.200 fifteenth century, as like a hunting cry, right when somebody 0:02:44.240 --> 0:02:48.680 was like somebody else might go yo and you go 0:02:49.080 --> 0:02:53.200 chase fox. Um. That was kind of the first wave 0:02:53.240 --> 0:02:57.040 of yo um. As far back as eighteen fifty nine. 0:02:57.400 --> 0:03:00.200 We know that there were sailors that were using yet 0:03:00.880 --> 0:03:04.200 yo ho Yo ho ho or also um. It was 0:03:04.480 --> 0:03:10.240 a response for roll call like yo, like somebody called 0:03:10.240 --> 0:03:13.320 your name, you would say yo. It wasn't until after 0:03:13.360 --> 0:03:16.880 World War two, though, that the modern incarnation comes and 0:03:16.960 --> 0:03:22.640 it came out of the Italian quarters of Philadelphia. So 0:03:22.680 --> 0:03:25.240 that's where they think yo came from after World War two. 0:03:25.560 --> 0:03:30.760 Hence Eddie Murphy was wrong in using yo, especially frequently 0:03:31.120 --> 0:03:35.200 in the movie Harlem Nights. So I did all that research, 0:03:35.560 --> 0:03:39.200 or I could have just looked into Google Translate from 0:03:39.240 --> 0:03:45.720 English too, uh Filipino or vice versa, and find that 0:03:45.800 --> 0:03:48.400 it just means come. Yeah, but I don't think that's 0:03:48.400 --> 0:03:51.600 what it means here, does it? It does now, So 0:03:51.680 --> 0:03:55.000 the word yo yo as it stands, it means come, 0:03:55.040 --> 0:03:57.680 come or come back. Yeah, that makes sense. Did you 0:03:57.720 --> 0:04:01.280 know that? I did? You want to talk a little 0:04:01.280 --> 0:04:03.040 bit about the history of yo yos? Did you know 0:04:03.200 --> 0:04:08.720 before reading this fantastic article that yo yo's originated as 0:04:08.760 --> 0:04:11.200 we understand them now, originated in the Philippines in the 0:04:11.280 --> 0:04:14.680 nineteen twenties. I didn't know that. I did know that 0:04:14.760 --> 0:04:17.119 it was around for a long time before that though, 0:04:17.400 --> 0:04:21.440 And you know other forms, well, pretty much the same form. 0:04:21.480 --> 0:04:24.120 They were like two forms of yo yo's in history, 0:04:24.480 --> 0:04:26.240 and one came out of the new one came out 0:04:26.279 --> 0:04:29.520 of the Philippines. The other one that's pretty old, well 0:04:29.680 --> 0:04:35.240 ancient Chinese or at least ancient Greeks years ago. But 0:04:35.520 --> 0:04:38.279 they think the Chinese had something similar to that. Yeah, 0:04:38.279 --> 0:04:40.960 I'm starting to strongly suspect that the Chinese or the 0:04:41.000 --> 0:04:46.520 origin of human civilization. Yeah, they came up with beer. Well, 0:04:46.560 --> 0:04:49.479 they came up with beer, you have it. They went 0:04:49.680 --> 0:04:52.000 right there. Uh, and it is the oldest toy on 0:04:52.040 --> 0:04:54.719 the planet except the doll. The dolly. I thought that 0:04:54.760 --> 0:04:57.920 was pretty interesting too, Yeah, yeah, of course, although I 0:04:57.920 --> 0:05:00.400 wonder if they're kind of diminishing any kind of ancient 0:05:00.520 --> 0:05:03.200 rituals or rights by saying like, look at that's cute doll, 0:05:03.440 --> 0:05:07.240 when really it's you know, some sort of fetish m hmm. 0:05:07.839 --> 0:05:10.159 I don't know. You never know. So it's been around 0:05:10.200 --> 0:05:14.839 long time. They've designed it in different ways over the years. Uh. 0:05:14.880 --> 0:05:19.600 The original design was had the string tied tight to 0:05:19.800 --> 0:05:23.000 the little access there. We'll call it the Greek design, 0:05:23.200 --> 0:05:25.360 the Greek design. Now we'll call it the Chinese design 0:05:26.240 --> 0:05:28.479 or the European design. Well, not designed, but it was 0:05:28.480 --> 0:05:32.159 popular in Europe. And that obviously if if you ever 0:05:32.279 --> 0:05:35.440 used an old yo yo like that or redesign yours 0:05:35.480 --> 0:05:37.720 to where it's tied around the axle, it'll pop up, 0:05:38.400 --> 0:05:40.160 you know, as soon as you throw it down, it'll 0:05:40.200 --> 0:05:44.920 pop back up because it's tied to the axle. Um, 0:05:44.960 --> 0:05:46.720 And you said it was popular in Europe. There were 0:05:46.720 --> 0:05:49.680 other words for other names for the yo yo before 0:05:50.360 --> 0:05:54.760 it was a yo yo, that's right. There was the lemigret, 0:05:54.880 --> 0:05:59.160 the Bendalora. The Bendalora was British, I believe the quiz. Yeah, 0:05:59.200 --> 0:06:01.080 I didn't. I didn't get a country of origin for that, 0:06:01.880 --> 0:06:04.279 but it was very popular in Europe. There's a painting 0:06:04.279 --> 0:06:08.440 of I think Louis is he the boy King? I 0:06:08.440 --> 0:06:10.599 don't know whichever Louis was the boy king of him 0:06:10.640 --> 0:06:13.680 holding like a yoyo, like a royal painting of him 0:06:13.680 --> 0:06:16.080 with a yoyo or the what was a little hoop 0:06:16.080 --> 0:06:18.320 on and a stick? I think that's what it's called. 0:06:18.360 --> 0:06:21.880 That was an awesome game hoop on a stick? Who uh? 0:06:21.920 --> 0:06:25.680 And then um, I don't think you can compare the 0:06:25.760 --> 0:06:27.920 yo yo to the hoop on a stick. No, I'm 0:06:27.920 --> 0:06:30.320 not comparing. I'm just saying I just never got that 0:06:31.120 --> 0:06:34.080 to Oh okay, well here's another one for you. Napoleon 0:06:34.360 --> 0:06:36.760 was well known for carrying and using a yo yo, 0:06:37.400 --> 0:06:41.159 apparently for stress relief. Oh yeah, it didn't work too well. 0:06:41.200 --> 0:06:44.119 Here's a stressed out dude. He needed the yo yo. 0:06:44.480 --> 0:06:47.640 But as as you said that, that's the the European 0:06:47.720 --> 0:06:51.200 favored or Chinese design, where like the strings tied really 0:06:51.240 --> 0:06:52.960 tight to the axel and it just basically goes up 0:06:53.000 --> 0:06:57.040 and down right. So the Filipino design led to the 0:06:57.080 --> 0:06:59.840 modern yo yo as we understand it now, and the 0:07:00.080 --> 0:07:04.640 huge distinction is that the the string is just looped 0:07:04.680 --> 0:07:08.320 around the axle kind of loosely, which has the added 0:07:08.360 --> 0:07:12.920 benefit of allowing the yo yo itself to spin once 0:07:12.960 --> 0:07:16.360 it reaches the end of the string. Sleep. That's what 0:07:16.400 --> 0:07:18.960 the that's why people yo yo I think. Yeah, it's 0:07:19.000 --> 0:07:20.600 all about the tricks. I mean, it's sort of fun 0:07:20.640 --> 0:07:22.840 for a minute just to go up and down, but 0:07:22.880 --> 0:07:25.040 it's really all about the tricks. It's just a stress 0:07:25.080 --> 0:07:26.840 reliever if it just goes up and down. Did you 0:07:26.920 --> 0:07:29.280 yo yo when you were a kid? Uh? Yeah, here there. 0:07:29.480 --> 0:07:31.480 But even as a kid like I could sense that, 0:07:31.600 --> 0:07:34.080 like these these new modern ones that we'll talk about 0:07:34.080 --> 0:07:36.600 with like ball bearings and clutches, they just seem like cheating. 0:07:37.560 --> 0:07:41.200 I agree, let's not even talk about them. It's not 0:07:41.200 --> 0:07:43.600 even a real yo yo. So, Chuck, you want to 0:07:43.600 --> 0:07:46.640 talk about a little bit about physics, Well, let's finish 0:07:46.680 --> 0:07:49.040 the history for shall we. Okay, Well, I have plenty 0:07:49.080 --> 0:07:52.680 of that. Uh. It was originally in the Philippines. They 0:07:52.680 --> 0:07:55.640 think it was a hunting weapon for like four years, so, 0:07:56.440 --> 0:07:58.600 but not like a little tiny yo yo. They were 0:07:58.640 --> 0:08:02.160 really big and it was basically a big spindle attached 0:08:02.160 --> 0:08:04.680 to a rope with like spikes coming off of it. 0:08:04.840 --> 0:08:06.560 They were like the size of a ugo. Yeah, and 0:08:06.600 --> 0:08:09.480 I guess the just the benefit there is you could 0:08:09.560 --> 0:08:12.400 get it back after you threw it at somebody. Right. 0:08:12.440 --> 0:08:15.080 The stream was almost just useless though, Well you can 0:08:15.160 --> 0:08:18.600 just throw it and run after it. Oh really okay, 0:08:18.960 --> 0:08:22.679 it was actually heavy rope in the US for hunting too, right. Well, 0:08:22.720 --> 0:08:26.160 at some point down the line, well, yeah, you would 0:08:26.160 --> 0:08:28.800 think anything used in hunting, you know, does double duty 0:08:28.800 --> 0:08:33.880 and more exactly anything you're trying to kill. Yeah. Um. 0:08:34.320 --> 0:08:37.760 The At some point though, they became smaller and became 0:08:37.800 --> 0:08:42.079 toys and uh. In the twenties, a Filipino immigrant to 0:08:42.080 --> 0:08:45.800 the US named Pedro Floris Um started a company, the 0:08:45.800 --> 0:08:49.240 first modern yoyo company in the United States, and did 0:08:49.280 --> 0:08:52.920 pretty well for himself, uh, and then sold out to 0:08:52.960 --> 0:08:57.240 a man named Duncan. Right, Donald Duncan, Yes, Donald Ducan 0:08:58.120 --> 0:09:02.880 and Duncan Duncan and uh, you know Florest's and Santa 0:09:02.920 --> 0:09:04.840 Barbara and like you said, was selling these things like 0:09:04.880 --> 0:09:07.920 hotcakes enough that Duncan said, hey, let me buy that 0:09:08.920 --> 0:09:11.800 I'm gonna keep the name yo yo because it's catchy. 0:09:12.080 --> 0:09:15.680 I'm gonna trade market and now I own it. And uh. 0:09:15.720 --> 0:09:18.960 Through the years he had competitors that made similar devices 0:09:19.040 --> 0:09:23.040 with different names, and they were like, dude, everyone's calling 0:09:23.080 --> 0:09:25.079 the sing of yo yo. We want to be able 0:09:25.120 --> 0:09:26.840 to call it a yo yo two. And he said, no, no, 0:09:26.960 --> 0:09:29.760 I own it. Then the federal courts in the nineteen 0:09:29.840 --> 0:09:32.920 six five says, you know what, that's generic enough now 0:09:32.920 --> 0:09:35.960 where you don't own it any longer. They're all yo yo's. 0:09:36.040 --> 0:09:39.600 Well what these legal challenges to their trademark? The name 0:09:39.679 --> 0:09:41.800 yo yo um was one of the things that bled 0:09:41.840 --> 0:09:45.960 the company dry. It eventually went bankrupt. Duncan, the Duncan 0:09:46.040 --> 0:09:49.240 Company went bankrupt in the same year they ruled yeah 0:09:49.360 --> 0:09:51.280 against them. They were like, well, that's it for us, 0:09:51.320 --> 0:09:53.760 But they also had other money troubles. They were they 0:09:53.760 --> 0:09:56.680 were actually victims of their own success, the Duncan Company was. 0:09:57.040 --> 0:10:00.199 So they moved in the forties to luck wiscon In, 0:10:00.320 --> 0:10:02.600 which very quickly became known as the yo yo capital 0:10:02.600 --> 0:10:05.480 of the world, and at their peak they were making 0:10:06.000 --> 0:10:09.559 thirty six d yoyos an hour, mostly out of would 0:10:09.600 --> 0:10:12.520 At first maple They're using a million board feet of 0:10:12.559 --> 0:10:17.880 maple wood every year. Yeah. And they actually, in addition 0:10:17.920 --> 0:10:20.680 to their legal challenges, like the money going to fight 0:10:20.720 --> 0:10:24.800 their legal battles, um, they were paying tons of money 0:10:24.840 --> 0:10:29.880 in overtime to advertising. Um. And as a matter of fact, 0:10:30.000 --> 0:10:33.920 I think in nineteen sixty two, Chuck, they managed to 0:10:33.960 --> 0:10:37.280 sell forty five million yo yos and in that same 0:10:37.360 --> 0:10:39.679 year there were only forty million kids in the US. 0:10:40.720 --> 0:10:43.199 That's pretty astounding. A chicken in every pot and a 0:10:43.280 --> 0:10:48.480 yo yo and every exact other hand at sure, un, 0:10:48.720 --> 0:10:50.320 I guess some kids were yo yo with both hands. 0:10:50.440 --> 0:10:53.960 They're rich kids. Um. But like I said, they they 0:10:54.080 --> 0:10:57.040 the company ended up going bankrupt anyway, but yo yo 0:10:57.160 --> 0:11:01.920 enthusiasts still look very fondly on the Duncan name. And um, 0:11:01.960 --> 0:11:06.079 I think June sixth, Yes, June sixth is National Yoyo Day, 0:11:06.120 --> 0:11:11.880 which happens to be the same day as Donald Duncan's birthday. Yeah. Well, 0:11:11.920 --> 0:11:14.160 and the Duncan name lives on. Obviously, you still see 0:11:14.240 --> 0:11:18.439 Duncan yoyo's. They sold out, They didn't just shut down, well, 0:11:18.480 --> 0:11:21.920 they went bankrupts and sold all right. Yeah, so who 0:11:22.000 --> 0:11:26.160 was the flam flam Bail plastics company. They said, we'll 0:11:26.200 --> 0:11:29.640 keep the name Duncan because it's synonymous with yoyos. It's 0:11:29.679 --> 0:11:33.840 not generic yet. There's a little yoyo history for you. 0:11:34.280 --> 0:11:35.520 I got a little more. I'm going to stay to 0:11:35.600 --> 0:11:39.000 the end. I think you'll like. Okay, we didn't tease 0:11:39.040 --> 0:11:42.000 you with it that. Let's talk about physics. Well, I 0:11:42.040 --> 0:11:49.200 think this is very interesting. Good. So there's a two Okay. 0:11:49.320 --> 0:11:52.640 You mentioned with the string tied to the classic Chinese 0:11:52.679 --> 0:11:59.600 design yoyo, you have one kind of um energy going on, right, yes, 0:12:00.000 --> 0:12:03.600 and that is linear momentum, the ability of it to 0:12:03.640 --> 0:12:06.760 go up and down or I should say down and up. Right, 0:12:06.920 --> 0:12:10.520 that's right with the Filipino design, the modern design and 0:12:10.600 --> 0:12:13.640 has two kinds of potential energy. It has that same 0:12:13.720 --> 0:12:15.960 linear momentum to go up and down, but it also 0:12:16.000 --> 0:12:19.920 has angular momentum. And angular momentum is um its ability 0:12:19.960 --> 0:12:22.960 to spin on an axle. Okay, so you've got two 0:12:23.000 --> 0:12:25.960 things going on. And like you said, when the yo 0:12:26.080 --> 0:12:29.000 yo hits the end of the line of its linear momentum, 0:12:29.320 --> 0:12:31.640 it can still it's built up since it's wound around 0:12:31.640 --> 0:12:34.440 the school. It's built up a lot of angular momentum, 0:12:34.520 --> 0:12:36.679 so we can just sit there and spin or sleep 0:12:36.800 --> 0:12:40.400 as you called it. It actually increases as it goes down, 0:12:41.000 --> 0:12:44.160 which is the key to keeping it spinning right. It 0:12:44.160 --> 0:12:47.160 gets faster as it falls. There's another pretty cool trait 0:12:47.240 --> 0:12:49.920 to yoyo. Who knew they were so complex? I didn't? 0:12:50.880 --> 0:12:53.520 Did you? I did not? Okay? So um. They also 0:12:53.600 --> 0:12:58.080 have gyroscopic stability, chuck, they do, okay. So if you 0:12:58.200 --> 0:13:00.200 if you have a yoyo that's sleeping and you witch 0:13:00.240 --> 0:13:02.680 down on top of it, like it goes down and 0:13:02.679 --> 0:13:06.840 then back up, that's because of its gyroscopic stability. That 0:13:06.960 --> 0:13:09.920 point that you push down on the yo yo is 0:13:09.960 --> 0:13:12.840 transferred from the front and spun around to the back. 0:13:13.040 --> 0:13:15.240 So that's even now, So the yo yo just keep 0:13:15.240 --> 0:13:19.439 spinning as long as it's spinning fast enough. Gyroscopic stability, yes, 0:13:19.679 --> 0:13:23.640 that means a spinning object object will resist change to 0:13:23.720 --> 0:13:26.760 its axis of rotation. And have you ever thrown a 0:13:26.800 --> 0:13:30.040 football it's the same thing. Yeah, Or if you've ever 0:13:30.120 --> 0:13:34.439 thrown a football poorly, what do they call that? Wibbler turkey, 0:13:34.480 --> 0:13:37.319 wounded duck brick. That's why wounded duck doesn't go very 0:13:37.320 --> 0:13:40.440 far because it doesn't have that tight spin, so it 0:13:40.559 --> 0:13:43.160 falls off its axis and won't travel as far, the 0:13:43.200 --> 0:13:45.520 same as a prison And then the whole team's man. Basically, 0:13:45.559 --> 0:13:50.200 anything that spins frisbees, footballs, there's there's gotta be a baseball. 0:13:51.360 --> 0:13:53.280 We could liken it to a baseball somehow. Let's say 0:13:53.280 --> 0:13:57.920 a curveball, knuckleball slider. Definitely not a knuckleball slider than spin. 0:13:58.000 --> 0:14:02.239 It all really like a shot put. No, the knuckleball. 0:14:02.360 --> 0:14:05.560 You the whole key is it doesn't move. It travels 0:14:05.600 --> 0:14:11.840 like this, and that's why it moves all around crazy. Um. 0:14:12.120 --> 0:14:15.280 So you've got your you've got your yoyo sleeping. You're 0:14:15.320 --> 0:14:20.360 you're totally aware of its gyroscopic stability um and you 0:14:20.440 --> 0:14:24.760 understand that it's angular momentum is just awesome. It's far 0:14:24.800 --> 0:14:27.400 out right, it's far out but you want to wake 0:14:27.440 --> 0:14:29.280 it up. And that's when you bring it out of 0:14:29.320 --> 0:14:32.400 its sleep and rewind it back up the spool. Right, 0:14:32.600 --> 0:14:34.680 we'll tug on the old finger. Yeah, And the reason 0:14:34.760 --> 0:14:38.680 why it's because the loop, right, there's less friction with 0:14:38.760 --> 0:14:42.080 the loop around the axle. When you tug it, you 0:14:42.160 --> 0:14:45.040 increase that friction and you allow it to rewind. It 0:14:45.120 --> 0:14:47.760 just grabs ahold of its buddy and just let's go 0:14:47.840 --> 0:14:50.320 back up to the palm. Yeah, it's pretty cool. Yeah. 0:14:50.600 --> 0:14:55.640 I like yoyo physics a lot. So we basically just 0:14:55.640 --> 0:14:59.920 talked about the two hardest parts, right, sleeping and waking. Yeah, 0:15:00.040 --> 0:15:02.960 And like I said, sleeping is the key to do 0:15:03.040 --> 0:15:06.880 any kind of trick like walking the dog, which I 0:15:06.920 --> 0:15:08.200 was pretty good. I used to. Could do a few 0:15:08.320 --> 0:15:10.840 Yeo tricks. Yeah, I could walk the dog, and I 0:15:10.880 --> 0:15:13.680 could do uh, I could do the deal where you 0:15:13.680 --> 0:15:17.280 you make a triangle and then TikTok through the triangle 0:15:17.560 --> 0:15:21.120 something like a cradle or probably the cats and the cradle, 0:15:21.960 --> 0:15:23.920 let's call a cat's cradle, and then I could I 0:15:23.920 --> 0:15:27.880 could do the around the world. Wow, around the world. Yeah, 0:15:27.920 --> 0:15:30.080 I couldn't do any of those. I'm gonna this inspired 0:15:30.120 --> 0:15:31.520 me to get a new yo yo. By the way, 0:15:31.680 --> 0:15:34.960 I like the vintage Duncan ones, specifically the yellow ones 0:15:35.000 --> 0:15:38.080 with the butterfly, like the gold the gold butterfly, the 0:15:38.160 --> 0:15:44.560 inverted ones, because they had those that were that looked 0:15:44.640 --> 0:15:48.600 like a butterfly that were inverted, and I think that 0:15:48.680 --> 0:15:54.920 actually plays apart and the uh increasing the moment of 0:15:54.920 --> 0:15:57.480 inertia section. Yeah, I think that's why they flipped it 0:15:57.520 --> 0:15:59.920 out to put more weight on the outside. Yeah, okay, 0:16:00.000 --> 0:16:01.920 what you want to talk about that? So do you 0:16:01.920 --> 0:16:06.240 remember when we did the Um Murphy's Law podcast? I could, 0:16:06.280 --> 0:16:08.200 I forget remember one of the books that he wrote 0:16:08.240 --> 0:16:11.360 was for Your Moments of Inertia. Yeah. Yeah. I didn't 0:16:11.360 --> 0:16:14.600 realize it was a terrible, terrible engineering pun until I 0:16:14.680 --> 0:16:19.000 read this article Paul staff a little bit. We love 0:16:19.040 --> 0:16:22.240 that guy, so, Chuck. A moment of inertia is basically 0:16:23.040 --> 0:16:28.840 a way of describing as spinning objects resistance two changes 0:16:28.880 --> 0:16:34.080 in that rotation, basically um being slowed down right, Um. 0:16:34.120 --> 0:16:37.120 And what what smarter people than us have figured out 0:16:37.160 --> 0:16:41.560 is that if you increased the mass and distribute it 0:16:41.640 --> 0:16:45.960 slightly further away from the axis, you're going to increase 0:16:46.000 --> 0:16:50.000 its moment of inertia and that increases the amount of 0:16:50.000 --> 0:16:52.720 time is just sleeping right. Yeah. And like I said, 0:16:52.800 --> 0:16:54.880 I don't know this, but I just remember when I 0:16:54.920 --> 0:16:57.200 was a kid, they had those inverted yo yos, and 0:16:57.440 --> 0:16:59.160 I bet you anything that's why they did that. It's 0:16:59.200 --> 0:17:01.520 got to be because were wider at the outside and 0:17:01.560 --> 0:17:05.560 then curved in, which had to be less mass. Yeah, 0:17:05.600 --> 0:17:09.560 it was less stuff. That's would So I'm gonna go 0:17:09.560 --> 0:17:11.439 on record as saying that's why they did that. But 0:17:11.480 --> 0:17:16.200 I think you want more mass further away to increase 0:17:16.240 --> 0:17:18.199 its moment of in nurture. Right. Yeah, so it was 0:17:18.280 --> 0:17:20.880 there was more mass on the outside further away from 0:17:20.880 --> 0:17:23.879 the axis. Yeah, so that allows things to sleep a 0:17:24.200 --> 0:17:26.879 lot longer. And um, that was a I guess you 0:17:26.920 --> 0:17:30.600 could say one of the breakthroughs in yoyo design. I 0:17:30.640 --> 0:17:33.439 think in the sixties they started adding mass to the 0:17:33.480 --> 0:17:37.440 outside and um, extending the axle a little bit. Bam, 0:17:37.760 --> 0:17:42.560 yoyo has been improved. Think about this, right, maybe even 0:17:42.600 --> 0:17:46.359 longer than that. Years ago, somebody invented the yo yo 0:17:47.080 --> 0:17:51.400 does not change until the Philippines in the early twentieth century. 0:17:51.560 --> 0:17:53.399 Well I thought it said it did change, We just 0:17:53.400 --> 0:17:57.600 don't know. Said there were changes in designs over the years. No, 0:17:58.040 --> 0:17:59.800 not that I took. I took it like there was 0:18:00.040 --> 0:18:04.120 one way and then there was the Filipino way and 0:18:04.160 --> 0:18:06.240 that was it. We got a correction to make them 0:18:06.359 --> 0:18:08.520 and then the twenty century hits and then there's all 0:18:08.560 --> 0:18:12.600 these great improvements on these designs. Indeed, one of the 0:18:12.800 --> 0:18:17.600 improvements Chuck was adding bald bearings. Right, yeah, well you 0:18:17.640 --> 0:18:19.720 and I don't think these are improvements, or at least 0:18:19.760 --> 0:18:22.960 I don't. Okay, that's absolutely true. That's a good caveat. 0:18:23.400 --> 0:18:27.160 I think that the Filipinos perfected the yo yo. Let's 0:18:27.160 --> 0:18:30.320 just call them modifications for sorry kids who don't know 0:18:30.320 --> 0:18:33.119 how to yo yo rich kids. Yeah, that makes it easier, 0:18:33.160 --> 0:18:36.040 I think. Didn't that the whole point of both of 0:18:36.040 --> 0:18:38.919 these things. Yeah, I guess makes it easier to sleep. 0:18:38.960 --> 0:18:42.040 And yeah, and I guess they're like, well, if you're 0:18:42.080 --> 0:18:45.280 just enjoying sleeping and waking your yo yo, then why 0:18:45.359 --> 0:18:47.239 make it tough if you want to have fun with 0:18:47.280 --> 0:18:51.800 your toy. I can't believe they made it easier for 0:18:51.880 --> 0:18:55.439 kids to have fun. So the bald bearing design I 0:18:55.480 --> 0:18:59.880 think is kind of clever. Um. Basically, the this modified 0:19:00.000 --> 0:19:04.920 asition takes the axle and splits it into into two races, 0:19:05.359 --> 0:19:08.879 which are basically little courses for ball bearings to spin around. 0:19:09.200 --> 0:19:11.439 Right now, does that split the axle? These are just 0:19:11.520 --> 0:19:15.000 around the axle. So one is connected to the axle 0:19:15.960 --> 0:19:19.840 that's the inter race, one is connected to the string 0:19:20.000 --> 0:19:21.680 that's the outer race, and then in between the two 0:19:21.680 --> 0:19:27.080 are ball bearings. They're not connected in any way, um 0:19:27.119 --> 0:19:30.720 except maybe via the context with the ball bearings. So 0:19:30.800 --> 0:19:33.679 when you when you release your yo yo towards the 0:19:33.680 --> 0:19:36.399 ground and it's linear and angular momentum really build up. 0:19:37.000 --> 0:19:40.320 When it hits the inter race can tilt a little 0:19:40.320 --> 0:19:44.080 bit and um connect with the outer race via the 0:19:44.080 --> 0:19:48.240 ball bearings. So they're they're spinning, right, and then as 0:19:48.280 --> 0:19:53.080 they straighten out the um they they're they're not connected anymore, 0:19:53.400 --> 0:19:57.000 so that the string no longer has any effect on 0:19:57.119 --> 0:19:59.879 whether the yo yo spins or not, because it's just 0:20:00.080 --> 0:20:03.960 the interrace connected to the axle that's spinning. So your 0:20:04.080 --> 0:20:07.320 yo yo can sleep far, far longer. Yeah, the outer 0:20:07.400 --> 0:20:09.760 race spens the interrace, which spens the axle. Right, it's 0:20:09.760 --> 0:20:12.119 like a transfer of angular momentum exactly, and then the 0:20:12.160 --> 0:20:14.560 strings just like you just let me know when you're done, 0:20:14.880 --> 0:20:17.480 and we'll wind back up. Well, it'll get a little tuggle. 0:20:17.600 --> 0:20:21.199 Do the same thing with that style, right, or you 0:20:21.240 --> 0:20:24.520 can just completely take yourself out of the equation altogether 0:20:24.600 --> 0:20:27.400 except for a snap of the risk. The initial release 0:20:27.880 --> 0:20:30.160 is all you need to do with what's called the 0:20:30.280 --> 0:20:34.800 yo yo with the brain. These are really fake yoyo's. 0:20:35.320 --> 0:20:36.600 I want to get one though. It's kind of cool, 0:20:36.560 --> 0:20:38.520 like you could be in a vegetative state and do 0:20:38.560 --> 0:20:41.399 this yo yo. Yeah, this was in the nineties. Company 0:20:41.440 --> 0:20:45.080 called Yomega release these and they called it the yo 0:20:45.160 --> 0:20:47.240 Yo with the brain, when in fact they should have 0:20:47.240 --> 0:20:50.040 called it the yo Yo with the clutch. And Uh. 0:20:50.760 --> 0:20:53.359 The deal here is you've got these two clutch arms, 0:20:54.320 --> 0:20:57.440 uh weighted ball on one side, and it's not attached 0:20:57.440 --> 0:21:00.920 on the other side, and they're spring loaded. The spindle 0:21:01.200 --> 0:21:04.000 is not attached to the axle, but the clutch arms 0:21:04.000 --> 0:21:06.600 are attached to the spindle. So when you throw this 0:21:06.680 --> 0:21:10.119 thing down, it's gonna spin slower at first than the 0:21:10.240 --> 0:21:13.320 and the clutch is engaged. As it gets faster, all 0:21:13.320 --> 0:21:17.159 of a sudden it's enough inertia to pop the clutch 0:21:17.280 --> 0:21:23.480 essentially against the edges, and it releases the spindle, which 0:21:23.600 --> 0:21:26.919 makes the whole thing spin faster. On the axis right, 0:21:26.960 --> 0:21:31.639 the centrifugal force um pushes down the weight, which pushes 0:21:31.680 --> 0:21:34.720 down the arm under the spring, which releases the two 0:21:34.960 --> 0:21:37.280 which allows it to spin. And it only spends for 0:21:37.280 --> 0:21:39.000 a certain amount of time. It's not like the kind 0:21:39.040 --> 0:21:41.679 that you tug back up. It'll spin til it slows 0:21:41.720 --> 0:21:44.879 down and then the clutch locks back down and boom 0:21:45.000 --> 0:21:47.080 it shoots back up, right back up. I wanna, I 0:21:47.080 --> 0:21:48.600 wanna wish we had one of those. I want to 0:21:48.640 --> 0:21:51.119 see what it's like. So basically, the big to the 0:21:51.160 --> 0:21:54.840 two modifications are based on separating the string from the 0:21:54.880 --> 0:21:59.040 axle by by creating two different kinds of I guess 0:21:59.359 --> 0:22:02.200 axles are mendles or whatever, which are really just sort 0:22:02.240 --> 0:22:07.119 of taking the Philippine Filipino design a step further because 0:22:07.640 --> 0:22:10.159 although it made contact with the axle, it wasn't quote 0:22:10.200 --> 0:22:12.399 connected to the axle. Yeah, I guess it was, but 0:22:12.440 --> 0:22:15.439 it wasn't tight. And a guy named Michael Caffrey is 0:22:15.480 --> 0:22:17.560 the one who came up with the yo yo with 0:22:17.600 --> 0:22:20.639 the brain Andy Omega started telling him in n but 0:22:20.680 --> 0:22:24.400 he came up with in two years after a man 0:22:24.520 --> 0:22:28.040 named Tom cun created the no jive three and one 0:22:28.119 --> 0:22:30.360 yo yo that you could take a part and replace 0:22:30.400 --> 0:22:33.159 the axle and do all sorts of modifications with no 0:22:33.320 --> 0:22:37.080 really big big time for changes in yo yo design. 0:22:37.240 --> 0:22:38.719