1 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:06,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stuff 2 00:00:06,680 --> 00:00:14,120 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:14,360 --> 00:00:17,239 Speaker 1: I'm Robert Lamb. I'm Julie Douglas. You know, Julie, I 4 00:00:17,239 --> 00:00:18,840 Speaker 1: want to kick off the podcast by just giving a 5 00:00:18,840 --> 00:00:21,279 Speaker 1: shout out to our male all of our male listeners 6 00:00:21,320 --> 00:00:24,760 Speaker 1: out there, because according to some studies that we've been 7 00:00:24,800 --> 00:00:27,560 Speaker 1: reading today, uh, they might not be around forever. In fact, 8 00:00:27,600 --> 00:00:31,120 Speaker 1: the males as we know it may become extinct, what 9 00:00:31,240 --> 00:00:34,559 Speaker 1: like like woolly mammoth extinct, like wooly mammoth extinct. Like 10 00:00:34,800 --> 00:00:37,720 Speaker 1: it'll just be just be ladies out there. Uh And 11 00:00:37,920 --> 00:00:41,319 Speaker 1: and I guess it just I feel kind of I'm 12 00:00:41,360 --> 00:00:44,279 Speaker 1: kind of fearful for any podcast. It's not stuff your 13 00:00:44,280 --> 00:00:48,159 Speaker 1: mom didn't tell you whoa Um, I don't know. I 14 00:00:48,159 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 1: mean I think that you're a brave man to introduce 15 00:00:51,159 --> 00:00:54,320 Speaker 1: such a subject. I mean, this is this is gonna listen. 16 00:00:54,360 --> 00:00:57,840 Speaker 1: I think a really emotional response. Well not not really, 17 00:00:57,960 --> 00:01:01,040 Speaker 1: because if you're twoing in and you're expecting me to 18 00:01:01,160 --> 00:01:03,440 Speaker 1: like jump to the defense of males. As we discussed 19 00:01:03,480 --> 00:01:07,440 Speaker 1: the possibility of an all female planet and the extinction 20 00:01:07,600 --> 00:01:11,640 Speaker 1: of of the masculine gender, I'm I'm not gonna defend 21 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:14,280 Speaker 1: guys too much because I I tend to and there's 22 00:01:14,280 --> 00:01:17,120 Speaker 1: a mistake in this too to rely too heavily on this. 23 00:01:17,440 --> 00:01:20,320 Speaker 1: But I tend to attribute attribute a lot of the 24 00:01:20,360 --> 00:01:25,360 Speaker 1: horrors of the world too to masculine dominance in the 25 00:01:25,400 --> 00:01:29,360 Speaker 1: culture and h and you know, lay a lot of 26 00:01:29,720 --> 00:01:33,920 Speaker 1: the crimes of humanity at the feet of the patriarchy. Wow, 27 00:01:34,040 --> 00:01:39,760 Speaker 1: I christen you, Robert b linhearted lamb uh. So let's 28 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:41,680 Speaker 1: let's get into that a little bit more. I mean, 29 00:01:41,800 --> 00:01:44,319 Speaker 1: if if the uh, if men aren't going to be around, 30 00:01:44,360 --> 00:01:50,000 Speaker 1: what's going on? What would make them become extinct? To 31 00:01:50,120 --> 00:01:51,880 Speaker 1: to get to that point, we really need to discuss 32 00:01:51,920 --> 00:01:54,800 Speaker 1: what men are like. There's a tendency to sort of 33 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:56,280 Speaker 1: like if you if you look at like you know, 34 00:01:56,280 --> 00:01:59,320 Speaker 1: see biblical accounts and and all, there's society of like, oh, 35 00:01:59,360 --> 00:02:01,600 Speaker 1: God created a I and then he created a woman. 36 00:02:02,160 --> 00:02:04,080 Speaker 1: But it kind of goes back like we were talking 37 00:02:04,080 --> 00:02:06,920 Speaker 1: about in a previous podcast about male nipples. The reason 38 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:10,440 Speaker 1: males have nipples is because females have nipples and uh, 39 00:02:10,880 --> 00:02:12,720 Speaker 1: and and the nipples are it's kind of like the 40 00:02:13,280 --> 00:02:16,040 Speaker 1: car that that you get in a car and you're like, oh, well, 41 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:19,160 Speaker 1: there's just an empty spot where the cigarette lighter goes. Well, 42 00:02:19,400 --> 00:02:21,880 Speaker 1: the other cars have the cigarette lighter because that's the 43 00:02:22,160 --> 00:02:24,400 Speaker 1: main model. Like the female is the main model, and 44 00:02:24,440 --> 00:02:27,920 Speaker 1: the male gender is just this, uh, this offshoot that's 45 00:02:27,960 --> 00:02:33,200 Speaker 1: necessary for procreation. Well so the afterthought, Wow, yeah, okay, 46 00:02:33,280 --> 00:02:36,080 Speaker 1: So to get there, I think we need to look 47 00:02:36,160 --> 00:02:40,280 Speaker 1: at chromosomes. Yeah, the chromosomes are key like ladies X 48 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:46,120 Speaker 1: X men X Y. Okay, and so that why isn't 49 00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:49,440 Speaker 1: that the whole story about the Y being this imperfect 50 00:02:49,560 --> 00:02:52,079 Speaker 1: version of the X isn't too far off? Yeah, that's 51 00:02:52,080 --> 00:02:54,920 Speaker 1: my understanding of it. Okay, So we all know that 52 00:02:54,960 --> 00:02:58,840 Speaker 1: ourselves contain twenty three pairs of chromosomes, and twenty two 53 00:02:58,880 --> 00:03:01,359 Speaker 1: of those pairs are man matched pairs, and those are 54 00:03:01,360 --> 00:03:04,280 Speaker 1: shared by men and women. But the twenty three is different. 55 00:03:05,200 --> 00:03:08,560 Speaker 1: And I there's the rub, right, because in women, the 56 00:03:08,560 --> 00:03:11,640 Speaker 1: twenty three pair is made up of two chromosomes, and 57 00:03:11,720 --> 00:03:13,880 Speaker 1: men it's made up of an X chromosome and a 58 00:03:14,000 --> 00:03:18,000 Speaker 1: Y chromosome. Yeah, and it's that Y chromosome that determines 59 00:03:18,160 --> 00:03:21,880 Speaker 1: maleness and humans, and it holds genes necessary for forming 60 00:03:21,919 --> 00:03:25,880 Speaker 1: testies and making sperm. So the fact that it doesn't 61 00:03:25,880 --> 00:03:28,480 Speaker 1: have a matching pair poses a bit of a problem 62 00:03:28,480 --> 00:03:32,600 Speaker 1: for the Y chromosomes because all the other chromosomes they 63 00:03:32,639 --> 00:03:34,840 Speaker 1: come in two copies, and every time a cell divides, 64 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:38,560 Speaker 1: mistakes and genes can creep in and so impaired chromosomes. 65 00:03:38,560 --> 00:03:40,680 Speaker 1: That means that if there's a mistake, you can go 66 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:43,360 Speaker 1: back and a cell can always get the correct gene 67 00:03:43,400 --> 00:03:47,000 Speaker 1: sequence from the other chromosome. But that is not the 68 00:03:47,080 --> 00:03:50,760 Speaker 1: same situation for the Y. Yeah, there's been some some 69 00:03:50,840 --> 00:03:53,720 Speaker 1: really interesting studies. Uh. The one that I was looking 70 00:03:53,760 --> 00:03:56,280 Speaker 1: at was from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland 71 00:03:57,080 --> 00:03:59,840 Speaker 1: and it's two thousand nine study. And again you need 72 00:03:59,880 --> 00:04:02,920 Speaker 1: a Y chromosome to the mail and they the study 73 00:04:02,920 --> 00:04:05,720 Speaker 1: found it three hundred million years ago the Y chromosome 74 00:04:05,760 --> 00:04:09,839 Speaker 1: had genes on it. Now we're down to about forty five. 75 00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:12,480 Speaker 1: And at the rate we're going, we're going to run 76 00:04:12,480 --> 00:04:14,560 Speaker 1: out of genes on the Y chromosome in about five 77 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:16,880 Speaker 1: million years according to this particular study. Now, I think 78 00:04:16,880 --> 00:04:20,640 Speaker 1: you found an even uh shorter estimate, didn't you. Um. 79 00:04:20,920 --> 00:04:25,039 Speaker 1: The estimate that I looked at was a thousand years. Yeah. 80 00:04:25,120 --> 00:04:28,480 Speaker 1: And the reason though, is because the mistakes have crept 81 00:04:28,520 --> 00:04:31,600 Speaker 1: into the Y chromosome um and every time a gene 82 00:04:31,600 --> 00:04:35,080 Speaker 1: on the chromosome goes bad, it basically disappears. So that's 83 00:04:35,080 --> 00:04:38,080 Speaker 1: why it's gotten down so low. So scientists theorized that 84 00:04:38,120 --> 00:04:40,360 Speaker 1: the X and Y chromosome did start out with the 85 00:04:40,400 --> 00:04:43,280 Speaker 1: same amount of genes, but you're seeing in the Y 86 00:04:43,400 --> 00:04:49,599 Speaker 1: chromosome quite a depletion, okay, and entered geneticist Brian Sykes, 87 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:54,880 Speaker 1: who is introducing this sort of lightning rod idea that 88 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:57,960 Speaker 1: the chromosome, the Y chromosome will become extinct in a 89 00:04:58,200 --> 00:05:01,080 Speaker 1: d twenty five thousand years because of its lack of 90 00:05:01,120 --> 00:05:04,880 Speaker 1: ability to recombine with other chromosomes and repair itself. So, 91 00:05:06,560 --> 00:05:08,800 Speaker 1: I mean, this is what people have found. The researchers 92 00:05:08,839 --> 00:05:11,760 Speaker 1: have found that over a millennia, the Y chromosome has 93 00:05:11,800 --> 00:05:16,120 Speaker 1: lost most of its genes, which is really stunning and 94 00:05:16,360 --> 00:05:18,880 Speaker 1: it's not the sort of information they were actively looking for. 95 00:05:19,040 --> 00:05:21,479 Speaker 1: Is just as they were studying, they went, WHOA, what's 96 00:05:21,480 --> 00:05:23,960 Speaker 1: going on here with with the Y chromosome. Yeah, it's 97 00:05:23,960 --> 00:05:27,360 Speaker 1: worth mentioning that that there's a gene called the s 98 00:05:27,520 --> 00:05:30,720 Speaker 1: R Y and uh, this is important because it switches 99 00:05:30,720 --> 00:05:33,680 Speaker 1: on the development of testes and pumps out male hormones 100 00:05:34,160 --> 00:05:40,680 Speaker 1: that determines maleness or masculinity. Yeah, and when you look 101 00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:45,440 Speaker 1: at Brian Sykes, he's basically saying that regardless, regardless of 102 00:05:45,480 --> 00:05:48,800 Speaker 1: that function men as you had had already pointed out 103 00:05:48,839 --> 00:05:53,400 Speaker 1: to our genetically modified women, so flaws are never repaired 104 00:05:54,200 --> 00:05:57,680 Speaker 1: and if that goes on for generation after generation, Psykes argues, 105 00:05:58,080 --> 00:06:02,640 Speaker 1: eventually there are no functioning Y chromosomes left and those 106 00:06:02,680 --> 00:06:05,440 Speaker 1: I mean huge implications for the future of the world, 107 00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:08,200 Speaker 1: Like we could basically potentially go the way of the vole. 108 00:06:09,320 --> 00:06:13,039 Speaker 1: You could. Yeah, apparently the vole, which is kind of 109 00:06:13,040 --> 00:06:14,880 Speaker 1: like a mole, except it begins with a V. Right, 110 00:06:15,040 --> 00:06:17,560 Speaker 1: a rodent. Yeah, this is scientific explanation. It's a it's 111 00:06:17,560 --> 00:06:20,440 Speaker 1: a rodent typically found in Eastern Europe, Europe, and then 112 00:06:20,480 --> 00:06:23,919 Speaker 1: they're also a country rats in Japan that have this 113 00:06:23,960 --> 00:06:26,200 Speaker 1: as well. They have no Y chromosome and no s 114 00:06:26,320 --> 00:06:28,920 Speaker 1: R Y gene. So how are they getting by? Okay, 115 00:06:28,960 --> 00:06:32,839 Speaker 1: So what they're doing is because they have seemed to 116 00:06:32,839 --> 00:06:36,279 Speaker 1: have lost their Y chromosome somewhere down the line, they 117 00:06:36,440 --> 00:06:40,279 Speaker 1: have genetic material that confers maleness and has transferred itself 118 00:06:40,360 --> 00:06:44,120 Speaker 1: to another chromosome, So it's jumping chromosomes and applying that 119 00:06:44,240 --> 00:06:48,719 Speaker 1: chromosome on there. But if I'm under if I'm interestaining 120 00:06:48,839 --> 00:06:52,680 Speaker 1: this right, it's only going to produce two X chromosomes. 121 00:06:52,680 --> 00:06:58,160 Speaker 1: It's not actually going to reproduce another Y. So it's adapted, 122 00:06:58,760 --> 00:07:02,000 Speaker 1: but it's not necessarily carrying on its male nous. Yeah. 123 00:07:02,120 --> 00:07:03,919 Speaker 1: According to study I was looking at, they said that 124 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:06,560 Speaker 1: there are several candidate genes that could potentially um uh 125 00:07:06,640 --> 00:07:08,800 Speaker 1: you know, jump in and take over from the s 126 00:07:08,960 --> 00:07:12,280 Speaker 1: r Y to uh you know again to switch on 127 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:15,720 Speaker 1: the development of tests and pump out male hormones. Um. 128 00:07:15,760 --> 00:07:18,760 Speaker 1: And it's even possible that two or more different sex 129 00:07:18,840 --> 00:07:23,480 Speaker 1: determination systems based on different genes could pop up in 130 00:07:23,560 --> 00:07:26,280 Speaker 1: different populations, which I think which I think is and 131 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:29,720 Speaker 1: this is in the human population. Um so you could 132 00:07:29,760 --> 00:07:33,880 Speaker 1: conceivably have have this situation where you have different in 133 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:37,200 Speaker 1: a way different species sort of splitting off. Okay, so 134 00:07:37,400 --> 00:07:40,800 Speaker 1: be like divergent paths. Yeah, yeah, Okay, that's a very 135 00:07:40,840 --> 00:07:43,600 Speaker 1: interesting problem without the s r Y, Like one group 136 00:07:43,640 --> 00:07:46,520 Speaker 1: of people like suddenly their systems are using this gene 137 00:07:46,560 --> 00:07:48,440 Speaker 1: to determine sex, but then this other group has this 138 00:07:48,520 --> 00:07:52,000 Speaker 1: other method like there there are other sex determining tools 139 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:54,760 Speaker 1: in the toolbox, and it's kind of we're kind of 140 00:07:54,800 --> 00:07:59,160 Speaker 1: unsure what nature might go with for different groups. And 141 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:01,200 Speaker 1: then of course these groups would not necessarily be compatible 142 00:08:01,200 --> 00:08:04,160 Speaker 1: with one and another. That's what the studies talking about. 143 00:08:04,720 --> 00:08:08,480 Speaker 1: So I'm also thinking about David Page of m I. T. S. 144 00:08:08,760 --> 00:08:13,560 Speaker 1: Whitehead Institute, who disagrees that the Y chromosome actually become 145 00:08:13,640 --> 00:08:17,960 Speaker 1: extinct because he says that in his research that the 146 00:08:18,120 --> 00:08:21,920 Speaker 1: Y chromosome has been secretly creating backup copies of itself 147 00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:26,200 Speaker 1: and its most important genes, not all of them. Cocy 148 00:08:26,240 --> 00:08:30,520 Speaker 1: theory exactly, Um, but I think it's important to know 149 00:08:30,600 --> 00:08:35,079 Speaker 1: it's not all of the genes, just the most important ones, uh. 150 00:08:35,080 --> 00:08:37,040 Speaker 1: And these are stored in the DNA as mirror images 151 00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:42,040 Speaker 1: or palindromes. Palindrome is you might remember from everyone from 152 00:08:42,520 --> 00:08:44,800 Speaker 1: English class. That's a word that's also a word that 153 00:08:44,800 --> 00:08:46,800 Speaker 1: has felt the same way backwards as farward, like race, 154 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:52,760 Speaker 1: car or none or two yes my favorite. Um. So 155 00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:58,000 Speaker 1: basically Page is saying that you know, looking at that logic, 156 00:08:58,320 --> 00:09:00,600 Speaker 1: they're not it's not necessarily going to go stink. That's 157 00:09:00,640 --> 00:09:05,240 Speaker 1: how it's actually been repairing itself um and and still 158 00:09:05,320 --> 00:09:08,920 Speaker 1: been in circulation, so to speak. And so it kind 159 00:09:08,920 --> 00:09:13,800 Speaker 1: of brings me to a natural question though, if if 160 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:20,640 Speaker 1: men in the Y chromosome more specifically, are imperfect the 161 00:09:20,679 --> 00:09:25,400 Speaker 1: imperfect expression of X are or they needed biologically anymore, 162 00:09:25,520 --> 00:09:30,080 Speaker 1: especially given our technological advances. Well, it's interesting when you 163 00:09:30,080 --> 00:09:33,240 Speaker 1: look at you look at at examples in nature. There 164 00:09:33,240 --> 00:09:37,560 Speaker 1: are plenty of examples of a sexual reproduction promogenesis. Yeah, 165 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:39,920 Speaker 1: of course, there are also plenty of examples that I 166 00:09:39,960 --> 00:09:43,160 Speaker 1: find rather interesting of situations where the male is just 167 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:47,040 Speaker 1: not necessary in the long run. There's another rodent called 168 00:09:47,360 --> 00:09:52,440 Speaker 1: the brown and techinnus, also known as mac Lee's marsupial mouse. 169 00:09:52,640 --> 00:09:54,480 Speaker 1: So maybe it's not maybe it's not a rodent, maybe 170 00:09:54,480 --> 00:09:57,440 Speaker 1: it's marsupial. But any rate, this is a particular species. 171 00:09:57,480 --> 00:09:59,640 Speaker 1: The male mates like crazy for like twelve hours at 172 00:09:59,640 --> 00:10:02,960 Speaker 1: a time. I believe this was featured on Life or 173 00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:06,199 Speaker 1: Planet Earth, one of those two programs. Just mates like crazy, 174 00:10:06,440 --> 00:10:08,760 Speaker 1: mate mate mate, mate, mate, mate mate, then day night, 175 00:10:09,280 --> 00:10:12,960 Speaker 1: and then eventually just humps himself to death, just dies. Uh. 176 00:10:13,120 --> 00:10:16,000 Speaker 1: And the benefit here is, at this point, he's he's 177 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:20,839 Speaker 1: done his part. He's uh, he's Uh, he's facilitated, uh, 178 00:10:20,880 --> 00:10:24,600 Speaker 1: sexual reproduction. That's so cold. He's fulfilled his biological and 179 00:10:24,640 --> 00:10:26,920 Speaker 1: now he's dead. And by being dead, that's one less 180 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:29,480 Speaker 1: mouth to feed, right, because otherwise he would just be 181 00:10:29,559 --> 00:10:33,960 Speaker 1: setting around, you know, eating food, watching TV until then. Yeah, 182 00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:36,520 Speaker 1: you know how how men are and uh, and this 183 00:10:36,559 --> 00:10:38,800 Speaker 1: way he's he has at least the common courtesy to 184 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:41,360 Speaker 1: die afterwards. And you see this, you know, in in 185 00:10:41,360 --> 00:10:44,480 Speaker 1: insects as well in another species, where the male, having 186 00:10:44,559 --> 00:10:47,559 Speaker 1: performed his role, uh, just kicks the buck bucket or 187 00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:52,400 Speaker 1: the female devours his head. Yes, yeah, I do recall 188 00:10:52,480 --> 00:10:55,600 Speaker 1: hearing about that praying man. Yes, well, you also have 189 00:10:55,760 --> 00:11:00,800 Speaker 1: virgin births, which happened um in boa constructs for instance, 190 00:11:01,360 --> 00:11:04,960 Speaker 1: and I happened actually pretty recently, were a bow constructor 191 00:11:05,679 --> 00:11:09,080 Speaker 1: fused a copy of herself, of her of her eggs. 192 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:12,000 Speaker 1: Excuse me, she took her eggs and she fused a 193 00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:17,120 Speaker 1: copy of her genetic material, which stimulated embryonic development. And 194 00:11:17,840 --> 00:11:20,959 Speaker 1: the reason they know that that happened because she was 195 00:11:21,000 --> 00:11:24,440 Speaker 1: housed with males, is that she had this caramel colored 196 00:11:24,720 --> 00:11:29,240 Speaker 1: broad of little bow constrictors, which wasn't a genetic trade 197 00:11:29,280 --> 00:11:32,120 Speaker 1: of any of the males and you know this, it 198 00:11:32,160 --> 00:11:34,199 Speaker 1: happens every once in a while. Wow. So they can 199 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:36,680 Speaker 1: get by, Yeah, they can get by. They can bring 200 00:11:36,720 --> 00:11:38,920 Speaker 1: home the bacon fried up in a pan. There are 201 00:11:38,960 --> 00:11:40,760 Speaker 1: a couple of exams, other examples they don't have to 202 00:11:41,200 --> 00:11:44,760 Speaker 1: even acknowledge or a man. There are a couple of 203 00:11:44,760 --> 00:11:46,800 Speaker 1: other examples from the insect to the world that I 204 00:11:46,840 --> 00:11:50,800 Speaker 1: really like. One there is there. Well, there was a 205 00:11:50,840 --> 00:11:55,360 Speaker 1: study from North Carolina State University and they were looking 206 00:11:55,360 --> 00:11:59,320 Speaker 1: at termites and they found that like basically with termites, 207 00:11:59,360 --> 00:12:00,880 Speaker 1: you have like a young ueen goes out, finds it, 208 00:12:00,920 --> 00:12:03,600 Speaker 1: found a new colony, and then she has a termite king, 209 00:12:03,679 --> 00:12:05,520 Speaker 1: and as is often the case in the insect world, 210 00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:08,080 Speaker 1: the king is just there for the mating. Again, the 211 00:12:08,120 --> 00:12:10,920 Speaker 1: females are the species. The male is just the um, 212 00:12:10,960 --> 00:12:15,400 Speaker 1: you know, the the the byproduct that's necessary to facilitate 213 00:12:15,600 --> 00:12:18,440 Speaker 1: sexual production. Yeah, he's just a pool boy hanging out 214 00:12:18,480 --> 00:12:22,680 Speaker 1: around in the drone chamber. Yeah. So so so anyway, 215 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:26,040 Speaker 1: they they start doing it, reproducing, but then the queen 216 00:12:26,080 --> 00:12:29,360 Speaker 1: eventually dies like she it's you know, it's a big 217 00:12:29,400 --> 00:12:32,160 Speaker 1: responsibility run in a you know, a whole community of 218 00:12:32,240 --> 00:12:36,400 Speaker 1: termites stress. Yeah, so then you need another queen. But 219 00:12:36,600 --> 00:12:39,199 Speaker 1: but here's the thing you don't in breeding is typically 220 00:12:39,240 --> 00:12:43,000 Speaker 1: a bad thing for a community. So uh, you know, 221 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:45,160 Speaker 1: just on a genetic level. And I'm not talking about 222 00:12:45,679 --> 00:12:49,280 Speaker 1: because because there's no real social anything, and you know 223 00:12:49,320 --> 00:12:53,760 Speaker 1: in the termite world. Um, so they need a new queen, 224 00:12:53,840 --> 00:12:56,240 Speaker 1: right and we don't. But we don't need the king 225 00:12:56,280 --> 00:13:00,720 Speaker 1: to to start breeding with a daughter. So the queen 226 00:13:00,960 --> 00:13:05,400 Speaker 1: will a sexually reproduce to create the new queen, essentially 227 00:13:05,440 --> 00:13:09,120 Speaker 1: clone herself so that there's no no crossing of the 228 00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:13,200 Speaker 1: genetic streams so to speak. Yeah, and then then I 229 00:13:13,240 --> 00:13:16,600 Speaker 1: read there was another interesting study. Um, and this one 230 00:13:16,840 --> 00:13:19,040 Speaker 1: was featured in a BBC article not too long ago, 231 00:13:19,559 --> 00:13:25,200 Speaker 1: and they covered Amazonian ants, which are essentially an all 232 00:13:25,240 --> 00:13:28,040 Speaker 1: female species at this point. Like they at some point 233 00:13:28,120 --> 00:13:29,880 Speaker 1: they basically were like, you know, ladies, we can do 234 00:13:29,880 --> 00:13:32,280 Speaker 1: this on our own. We don't need the this drone 235 00:13:32,760 --> 00:13:35,240 Speaker 1: just hanging around. Uh, you know, we can just stick 236 00:13:35,240 --> 00:13:38,679 Speaker 1: with a sexual reproduction. So their number of benefits to this, First, 237 00:13:38,679 --> 00:13:42,400 Speaker 1: the ants don't waste any energy producing males, which which 238 00:13:42,400 --> 00:13:46,240 Speaker 1: again they don't do much, you know besides breeding. And uh, 239 00:13:46,280 --> 00:13:49,080 Speaker 1: and you know they've combined two positions you know, in 240 00:13:49,160 --> 00:13:53,400 Speaker 1: their their social uh strata. And it also doubles the 241 00:13:53,480 --> 00:13:57,679 Speaker 1: number of reproductive females that are produced each generation. Now, 242 00:13:57,679 --> 00:14:00,720 Speaker 1: the downside to that is that there's less diversity, which 243 00:14:00,800 --> 00:14:04,000 Speaker 1: means that like you get one new parasite, one new disease, 244 00:14:04,240 --> 00:14:07,320 Speaker 1: and it can essentially wipe out the entire species, which 245 00:14:07,400 --> 00:14:10,120 Speaker 1: is probably you know, a reason why why you don't 246 00:14:10,160 --> 00:14:14,319 Speaker 1: see as as many a sexual you know, species, because 247 00:14:14,480 --> 00:14:17,239 Speaker 1: because it will often you know, open them up for 248 00:14:17,400 --> 00:14:22,480 Speaker 1: potential just disaster when a new parasite, disease, et cetera coming. Right. 249 00:14:22,520 --> 00:14:24,680 Speaker 1: They want to encourage diversity right in a genetic pool, 250 00:14:24,840 --> 00:14:28,040 Speaker 1: right exactly. It's the whole reason for sexual reproduction over 251 00:14:28,120 --> 00:14:31,320 Speaker 1: a sexual in most cases. But I mean here's the 252 00:14:31,360 --> 00:14:34,600 Speaker 1: thing that I think it's spelling out for humans is 253 00:14:34,640 --> 00:14:37,560 Speaker 1: that eventually, I mean right around the corner, I mean, 254 00:14:38,160 --> 00:14:40,960 Speaker 1: two women will be able to fertilize an egg with 255 00:14:41,520 --> 00:14:46,240 Speaker 1: the other genetic material and it will still be a 256 00:14:46,280 --> 00:14:49,320 Speaker 1: diverse pool of genetic material. And this will be this 257 00:14:49,360 --> 00:14:53,480 Speaker 1: will be via a medical procedure or exactly exactly. And 258 00:14:53,520 --> 00:14:56,560 Speaker 1: I mean a good example is just you know, in 259 00:14:56,680 --> 00:14:59,920 Speaker 1: the animal world, is last summer, Japanese team announced that 260 00:15:00,040 --> 00:15:03,480 Speaker 1: female mice had been made pregnant using cells from other females, 261 00:15:03,520 --> 00:15:06,880 Speaker 1: and they gave birth to completely healthy babies. I think 262 00:15:06,960 --> 00:15:08,760 Speaker 1: the only thing that they noticed is that the babies 263 00:15:08,800 --> 00:15:15,920 Speaker 1: were about smaller than the other mice in the control group. So, 264 00:15:17,040 --> 00:15:19,880 Speaker 1: I mean, I think that's what's sort of spelling that 265 00:15:20,280 --> 00:15:24,960 Speaker 1: the future might be a matriarchal one. Yeah, like a 266 00:15:25,040 --> 00:15:30,040 Speaker 1: race short women and their robot physicians exactly. They're they're 267 00:15:30,080 --> 00:15:33,440 Speaker 1: female robot physicians. That might add well, Mike, why is 268 00:15:33,480 --> 00:15:35,800 Speaker 1: the wait, why does the physician have to be Like 269 00:15:35,840 --> 00:15:39,200 Speaker 1: maybe they'll be a little nostalgic for the the masculinity 270 00:15:39,200 --> 00:15:41,440 Speaker 1: of the past, and they'll they'll have the robots will 271 00:15:41,480 --> 00:15:45,120 Speaker 1: be like male robot doctors. Uh, you know, I would say, 272 00:15:45,440 --> 00:15:48,280 Speaker 1: friend of the ladies listening out there. Uh you know, 273 00:15:48,440 --> 00:15:50,520 Speaker 1: if you've ever had a guyn incologist, you're definitely gonna 274 00:15:50,520 --> 00:15:55,080 Speaker 1: want a female robot gynecologist. Yeah, even if it is 275 00:15:55,080 --> 00:16:00,200 Speaker 1: a robot, it's just that's a comforting aspect. But you're right, 276 00:16:00,240 --> 00:16:03,720 Speaker 1: maybe maybe some people would be nostalgic, Like maybe it'll 277 00:16:03,760 --> 00:16:05,400 Speaker 1: be kind of maybe it'll be programmed to say, I 278 00:16:05,440 --> 00:16:08,400 Speaker 1: don't have much time. My golf gang. My golf game 279 00:16:08,440 --> 00:16:10,920 Speaker 1: is right around the corner. Yeah, it'll be like or 280 00:16:10,960 --> 00:16:13,960 Speaker 1: maybe they'll go after the model. After the doctors in Madmen. 281 00:16:14,120 --> 00:16:15,800 Speaker 1: You know, it's like they're always like smoking in there 282 00:16:15,880 --> 00:16:18,840 Speaker 1: while they're telling the lady. So it is so because 283 00:16:18,880 --> 00:16:20,800 Speaker 1: they'll they'll miss it. They'll you know, it'd be like, oh, well, 284 00:16:20,840 --> 00:16:23,320 Speaker 1: you know, victory over all the horrible things that were mailed. 285 00:16:23,360 --> 00:16:25,920 Speaker 1: But then they're like, but I kind of miss those jerks. 286 00:16:26,040 --> 00:16:29,120 Speaker 1: So you know, let's start programming robots stuff to behave 287 00:16:29,240 --> 00:16:37,120 Speaker 1: really horribly maybe. So this presentation is brought to you 288 00:16:37,160 --> 00:16:45,120 Speaker 1: by Intel Sponsors of Tomorrow. Actually it makes me think 289 00:16:45,160 --> 00:16:48,360 Speaker 1: about the article that you sent me called the End 290 00:16:48,360 --> 00:16:51,280 Speaker 1: of Men this is the Atlantic, Yeah, yes, yeah, and 291 00:16:51,280 --> 00:16:53,200 Speaker 1: it was it was sort of spelling out a future 292 00:16:54,080 --> 00:16:58,680 Speaker 1: not necessarily through science, maybe more socio economic terms. I 293 00:16:58,720 --> 00:17:02,240 Speaker 1: actually might even call it says economic Darwinism, in which 294 00:17:02,320 --> 00:17:06,359 Speaker 1: the future of um of the earth seems to be 295 00:17:06,359 --> 00:17:08,679 Speaker 1: geared a lot more toward women right now. So what 296 00:17:08,760 --> 00:17:11,800 Speaker 1: happened to the men? Are they they're not going extinct, 297 00:17:11,880 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 1: but they're just what being relegated to like brood chambers. Yeah, yeah, 298 00:17:17,680 --> 00:17:19,560 Speaker 1: they're they're in their main caves. It turns out that 299 00:17:19,600 --> 00:17:22,960 Speaker 1: they're not adapting as well as women. Uh, it turns 300 00:17:22,960 --> 00:17:26,560 Speaker 1: out and that this economic environment that if you're really 301 00:17:26,560 --> 00:17:31,760 Speaker 1: flexible you communicate well, uh, you can mitigate arguments, so 302 00:17:31,800 --> 00:17:34,960 Speaker 1: on and so forth, and in the global economy that 303 00:17:35,119 --> 00:17:39,159 Speaker 1: you're going to be pretty useful. And Uh. There's a 304 00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:43,040 Speaker 1: book called The Evolution of Culture by Leslie White, and 305 00:17:43,080 --> 00:17:45,240 Speaker 1: the crux of that idea or that book was that 306 00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:49,600 Speaker 1: social systems are determined by technological systems. So we're at 307 00:17:49,600 --> 00:17:52,840 Speaker 1: a point in our history, are technicol technological history, where 308 00:17:53,880 --> 00:17:58,040 Speaker 1: women are beginning to dominate the workplace. And so you're 309 00:17:58,080 --> 00:18:00,800 Speaker 1: looking right now at this year or the balance of 310 00:18:00,800 --> 00:18:03,560 Speaker 1: the work force has tipped towards women for the first 311 00:18:03,560 --> 00:18:06,919 Speaker 1: time ever. And for every two men who get a 312 00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:09,679 Speaker 1: college degree this year, three men, three women will do 313 00:18:09,720 --> 00:18:13,119 Speaker 1: the same. And right now women earn six of all 314 00:18:13,160 --> 00:18:17,960 Speaker 1: master's degrees. So there's definitely a trend here happening, and 315 00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:22,159 Speaker 1: a lot of this is being diascerbated by the fact 316 00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:26,840 Speaker 1: that typical male industries like construction, for instance, I've sort 317 00:18:26,840 --> 00:18:30,240 Speaker 1: of evaporated in the recession. But I think what's interesting 318 00:18:30,359 --> 00:18:34,080 Speaker 1: about that article is that it's it is pointing uh 319 00:18:34,160 --> 00:18:38,480 Speaker 1: to a time in our history where women are entering 320 00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:41,760 Speaker 1: the workplace and dominating fields that were typically thought as 321 00:18:42,000 --> 00:18:45,160 Speaker 1: thought of as a mail fields and doing them really well. 322 00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:49,640 Speaker 1: And of course, the the wage gap still exists. Women 323 00:18:49,680 --> 00:18:52,359 Speaker 1: are still getting paid less than men, and so you 324 00:18:52,400 --> 00:18:55,800 Speaker 1: have to wonder too if the economy is rewarding women 325 00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:58,200 Speaker 1: for not being paid as much and actually employing them 326 00:18:58,200 --> 00:19:00,000 Speaker 1: over men. That that's certainly got to be an asked 327 00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:02,520 Speaker 1: aspect of it. Kind of serve men, right though, you 328 00:19:02,560 --> 00:19:04,560 Speaker 1: think so, yeah, kind of like like, oh, you're only 329 00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:06,800 Speaker 1: messed up there, didn't you You thought you were you 330 00:19:06,840 --> 00:19:08,720 Speaker 1: were a cheating amount of something that you're just opening 331 00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:11,640 Speaker 1: the door, that's right. Well, I mean, yeah, that's that's 332 00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:14,399 Speaker 1: the good thing about this is that it's just a 333 00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:17,840 Speaker 1: matter of time where pay will become equal. Yeah, particularly 334 00:19:17,880 --> 00:19:19,800 Speaker 1: when you've tipped the scales in the workplace with more 335 00:19:19,800 --> 00:19:22,200 Speaker 1: women working there than then. But I should also note 336 00:19:22,280 --> 00:19:26,359 Speaker 1: that CEO's top positions as are still filled by men obviously, 337 00:19:26,840 --> 00:19:30,920 Speaker 1: and only three percent of the fortune CEO CEOs or women. 338 00:19:31,160 --> 00:19:35,199 Speaker 1: I mean that's kind of astounding. And then NFL coaches 339 00:19:35,760 --> 00:19:38,119 Speaker 1: m alright, guys, they're most like they're not none of 340 00:19:38,160 --> 00:19:41,280 Speaker 1: them are women? Are they yet until they see my game? 341 00:19:43,080 --> 00:19:45,720 Speaker 1: But um, the reason that I wanted to bring this up, 342 00:19:46,160 --> 00:19:51,160 Speaker 1: but not to get into you know, cultural um happenings 343 00:19:51,400 --> 00:19:53,800 Speaker 1: for today because we're more of a science podcast, is 344 00:19:53,840 --> 00:19:57,359 Speaker 1: to talk about Ronald Ericsson. He's a biologist, so he's 345 00:19:57,440 --> 00:20:02,360 Speaker 1: kind of a cowboy biologist and yeah he I mean, 346 00:20:02,720 --> 00:20:04,680 Speaker 1: he's the Marble Man. In fact, I think they eat. 347 00:20:04,880 --> 00:20:06,960 Speaker 1: He owns the property where a lot of the Marble 348 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:09,959 Speaker 1: Man stuff was shot and he's really proud of that. Um. 349 00:20:10,160 --> 00:20:14,720 Speaker 1: But he's the guy that's responsible for separating uh sperm 350 00:20:14,760 --> 00:20:18,080 Speaker 1: carrying the mail producing Y chromosome from the X chromosome. 351 00:20:18,920 --> 00:20:22,280 Speaker 1: And he's the guy who basically brought this to market 352 00:20:22,320 --> 00:20:25,640 Speaker 1: and saying, hey, Almo, assuming that a lot of people 353 00:20:25,680 --> 00:20:27,840 Speaker 1: are going to want to have boys and be able 354 00:20:27,880 --> 00:20:31,480 Speaker 1: to determine sex, and this is the guy who who 355 00:20:31,560 --> 00:20:35,600 Speaker 1: made that happen. Of course, the big irony now is 356 00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:39,760 Speaker 1: that people are choosing girls over boys something like two 357 00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:44,480 Speaker 1: to one, and in some clinics upwoards to seventy. So 358 00:20:44,680 --> 00:20:49,800 Speaker 1: it's also spelling out a story that's being told in 359 00:20:50,200 --> 00:20:53,159 Speaker 1: something like the Atlantic giving us stats about women and 360 00:20:53,280 --> 00:20:56,679 Speaker 1: how they're dominating the workplace. And then when you look 361 00:20:56,720 --> 00:20:58,560 Speaker 1: at these clinics and you see that people are opting 362 00:20:58,600 --> 00:21:00,960 Speaker 1: for more women than men, we kind of gotta wonder 363 00:21:01,040 --> 00:21:04,560 Speaker 1: what's going on. And in fact, this guy, I mean, 364 00:21:04,600 --> 00:21:08,600 Speaker 1: he's quite a character. He basically says, and I thought 365 00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:11,000 Speaker 1: it was going to be all about men, because historically 366 00:21:11,080 --> 00:21:14,600 Speaker 1: that's what we've chosen men over women. But you know, 367 00:21:15,080 --> 00:21:19,080 Speaker 1: here I am a grandfather of a granddaughter who is 368 00:21:19,280 --> 00:21:24,200 Speaker 1: now a genetic scientist. Yeah, there was a time, and 369 00:21:24,359 --> 00:21:27,879 Speaker 1: this has pointed out in several works, but also in 370 00:21:28,280 --> 00:21:32,440 Speaker 1: the comedic film Sting Ray Sam, which I encourage everyone 371 00:21:32,480 --> 00:21:35,080 Speaker 1: to check out, that there there was a there was 372 00:21:35,119 --> 00:21:38,600 Speaker 1: a time where the idea of having a a female 373 00:21:39,320 --> 00:21:44,800 Speaker 1: child was was pretty disastrous if you were either really 374 00:21:44,880 --> 00:21:47,160 Speaker 1: poor or really rich, right, I mean China is still 375 00:21:47,240 --> 00:21:49,679 Speaker 1: kind of shaking that off, yes, because if you're really rich, 376 00:21:49,840 --> 00:21:52,280 Speaker 1: you need a male air and a female is not 377 00:21:52,359 --> 00:21:54,680 Speaker 1: necessarily gonna cut it. And then if you're really poor, 378 00:21:55,160 --> 00:21:57,560 Speaker 1: it can be rather heartbreaking too. You know, you're you 379 00:21:57,680 --> 00:22:01,360 Speaker 1: have this female child who can't you know, necessarily work 380 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:03,560 Speaker 1: on the farm like you need or do the manual 381 00:22:03,640 --> 00:22:07,280 Speaker 1: labor that needs doing, um, and may suddenly find herself 382 00:22:07,359 --> 00:22:11,639 Speaker 1: morally compromised by the society around her. Right, You've got 383 00:22:11,680 --> 00:22:14,480 Speaker 1: the whole dowrything to worry. Yeah, that too. So so 384 00:22:14,640 --> 00:22:17,160 Speaker 1: it was kind of like a middle that for a while. 385 00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:18,720 Speaker 1: They even the idea that like the you know, the 386 00:22:18,760 --> 00:22:21,639 Speaker 1: female child could be the you know, the you know her, 387 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:25,400 Speaker 1: you know, daddy's favorite was more of a middle class thing, right, yeah. Yeah, 388 00:22:25,720 --> 00:22:28,480 Speaker 1: And I mean again, you look that historically and you 389 00:22:28,560 --> 00:22:31,520 Speaker 1: see that men in ancient Greece were tying off their 390 00:22:31,600 --> 00:22:35,639 Speaker 1: left left testicle, uh, in the hopes of producing a 391 00:22:35,760 --> 00:22:38,720 Speaker 1: male air. I mean, people were taking it very seriously. 392 00:22:39,119 --> 00:22:41,000 Speaker 1: And some women, you know back in the day, we're 393 00:22:41,000 --> 00:22:43,880 Speaker 1: actually losing their lives if they didn't produce a male air. Well, 394 00:22:43,920 --> 00:22:47,880 Speaker 1: that's worse. That's I'm sorry to grow at the torture. Yeah. 395 00:22:47,880 --> 00:22:50,000 Speaker 1: I didn't mean to bring it down there. Um. But 396 00:22:50,880 --> 00:22:53,399 Speaker 1: so some people are in a panic over this, and 397 00:22:53,720 --> 00:22:57,240 Speaker 1: specifically I will talk about Japan, where they're they're in 398 00:22:57,480 --> 00:23:01,080 Speaker 1: a national panic over the rise of something they've called herbivores, 399 00:23:01,680 --> 00:23:04,760 Speaker 1: which are men who are gardening and organizing dessert parties 400 00:23:04,960 --> 00:23:09,720 Speaker 1: and basically declining to have sex while their female counterparts 401 00:23:09,960 --> 00:23:13,960 Speaker 1: are out in the workplace and they're being known as carnivores. Huh. 402 00:23:14,200 --> 00:23:17,480 Speaker 1: That's interesting. I've I've seen some some interesting documentaries about this, 403 00:23:17,720 --> 00:23:21,160 Speaker 1: particularly BBC's Japan Rama. Uh. They did a whole show 404 00:23:21,200 --> 00:23:24,320 Speaker 1: about sexuality in Japan, and in particular they were looking 405 00:23:24,359 --> 00:23:27,399 Speaker 1: at like a taku culture of the nerd culture in Japan, 406 00:23:27,480 --> 00:23:29,200 Speaker 1: where a lot of them in a very kind of 407 00:23:30,080 --> 00:23:32,600 Speaker 1: awesome way. It's like there was this, uh, there's this 408 00:23:32,680 --> 00:23:34,120 Speaker 1: kind of feel. It's kind of kind of this sort 409 00:23:34,160 --> 00:23:35,800 Speaker 1: of the way a lot of people look at nerds. 410 00:23:35,840 --> 00:23:37,399 Speaker 1: It's like, oh, these guys can't get dates, you know. 411 00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:39,480 Speaker 1: But there were some of these are talking that were like, 412 00:23:39,600 --> 00:23:41,840 Speaker 1: you know, I don't really want a woman in my 413 00:23:41,960 --> 00:23:45,200 Speaker 1: life because I have all these awesome hobbies and collections 414 00:23:45,240 --> 00:23:47,520 Speaker 1: going on. If even if there was a lady would 415 00:23:47,520 --> 00:23:49,240 Speaker 1: just get in the way of this stuff. So no, no, 416 00:23:49,400 --> 00:23:52,280 Speaker 1: thank you, I'm fine. And and again I think that's 417 00:23:52,359 --> 00:23:53,960 Speaker 1: kind of awesome in a way, it's not very good 418 00:23:54,040 --> 00:23:57,600 Speaker 1: for the future ones, um, you know, culture and nation 419 00:23:57,720 --> 00:24:00,320 Speaker 1: in the long run if everybody's buying into that. No, 420 00:24:00,520 --> 00:24:02,639 Speaker 1: but it does kind of point out that a certain 421 00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:06,600 Speaker 1: amount of gender performance on humans parts, right. I mean, 422 00:24:06,880 --> 00:24:09,320 Speaker 1: we obviously have biological differences, and there are some differences 423 00:24:09,400 --> 00:24:12,440 Speaker 1: in our brains. You know, women tend to have, you know, 424 00:24:12,520 --> 00:24:15,359 Speaker 1: more gray matter in the communication parts of their brains. Um, 425 00:24:15,720 --> 00:24:18,440 Speaker 1: men have more braun But at the end of the day, 426 00:24:18,520 --> 00:24:22,440 Speaker 1: if we all just you know, had long hair, didn't 427 00:24:22,480 --> 00:24:26,600 Speaker 1: shave um, except for I guess men in their beards, 428 00:24:27,040 --> 00:24:29,800 Speaker 1: we would look remarkably similar. You know, am I performing 429 00:24:29,840 --> 00:24:33,359 Speaker 1: my gender and wearing earrings and lipsticks in certain clothing? 430 00:24:33,600 --> 00:24:35,800 Speaker 1: So your solution is that everybody should stop bathing and 431 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:42,080 Speaker 1: that's going to fix everything? Yes, it is. I already 432 00:24:42,119 --> 00:24:44,640 Speaker 1: told you I'm a fan of the funk, and I'm 433 00:24:44,680 --> 00:24:48,560 Speaker 1: just kidding. But you know, I do think that there's 434 00:24:49,520 --> 00:24:53,000 Speaker 1: aspect of adaptability here that we're talking about. And if 435 00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:55,320 Speaker 1: you look at women in the workplace the last hundred years, 436 00:24:55,359 --> 00:24:57,320 Speaker 1: I've had to adapt. So I don't think it's all 437 00:24:57,480 --> 00:24:59,679 Speaker 1: bad news for guys out there. I mean, I think 438 00:24:59,720 --> 00:25:06,520 Speaker 1: that the chromosomes are repairing themselves and they can adapt. Yeah. Well, 439 00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:09,840 Speaker 1: like I said earlier, often fall into the trap of 440 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:14,720 Speaker 1: blaming everything horrible and human civilization on males. And I 441 00:25:14,800 --> 00:25:17,080 Speaker 1: think a lot of it can really be related to 442 00:25:17,119 --> 00:25:19,600 Speaker 1: their feet because it's you know, you end up with 443 00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:23,359 Speaker 1: a culture dominated by by males, it tends to be 444 00:25:23,480 --> 00:25:28,440 Speaker 1: more warlike, more violent, and uh yeah, I mean just 445 00:25:28,520 --> 00:25:30,520 Speaker 1: look at the news. I really don't think I have 446 00:25:30,600 --> 00:25:32,920 Speaker 1: to make that strong of a case for this because 447 00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:35,680 Speaker 1: the the the headlines pretty much do it for me. 448 00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:37,960 Speaker 1: But an interesting thing was brought up by that Atlantic 449 00:25:38,080 --> 00:25:41,440 Speaker 1: article was that was there's this theory that it's not 450 00:25:41,640 --> 00:25:44,080 Speaker 1: really a male female thing in terms of like who's 451 00:25:44,080 --> 00:25:46,600 Speaker 1: going to be brutal. It's like whatever the dominant sex 452 00:25:46,760 --> 00:25:51,680 Speaker 1: is just might be brutal and violent just because it's 453 00:25:51,720 --> 00:25:54,480 Speaker 1: dominant like that. So it's more like a human nature thing, 454 00:25:54,720 --> 00:25:56,560 Speaker 1: right yeah, And I think as opposed to any sort 455 00:25:56,600 --> 00:25:59,399 Speaker 1: of what we sometimes think are intrinsic values attached to 456 00:25:59,480 --> 00:26:01,879 Speaker 1: a gender, right right, it's uh, it's kind of you know, 457 00:26:01,920 --> 00:26:03,800 Speaker 1: it's kind of like the whole absolute power of corrupts 458 00:26:03,840 --> 00:26:06,639 Speaker 1: absolutely kind of a deal. The Atlantica article that we 459 00:26:06,720 --> 00:26:10,440 Speaker 1: mentioned earlier, they they made this case based on on 460 00:26:10,520 --> 00:26:13,000 Speaker 1: the fact that that the rate of violence committed by 461 00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:17,359 Speaker 1: middle aged women has increased since the nineteen eighties, and 462 00:26:17,520 --> 00:26:20,240 Speaker 1: that you see more and more like high profile female 463 00:26:20,320 --> 00:26:24,639 Speaker 1: killers and serial murders. So, as you know, is the 464 00:26:24,760 --> 00:26:29,800 Speaker 1: female stock and society rises, so perhaps does their capacity 465 00:26:29,920 --> 00:26:34,840 Speaker 1: for violence? Isn't an interesting argument, And and again it's 466 00:26:34,920 --> 00:26:37,359 Speaker 1: it's I tend to sort of I tend to like 467 00:26:37,520 --> 00:26:39,280 Speaker 1: that in that it is maybe a little more of 468 00:26:39,359 --> 00:26:42,000 Speaker 1: a humans are messed up as opposed to you know, 469 00:26:42,160 --> 00:26:45,200 Speaker 1: men are bad, women are good, because yeah, I think 470 00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:47,280 Speaker 1: we're beyond that now, Yeah, because we all know women 471 00:26:47,359 --> 00:26:49,000 Speaker 1: can be pretty horrible as well. I mean, it's not 472 00:26:49,240 --> 00:26:53,800 Speaker 1: men do not have an exclusive copyright on on being wretched. 473 00:26:54,200 --> 00:26:56,119 Speaker 1: And I think that women are sometimes thought of as 474 00:26:56,200 --> 00:26:59,200 Speaker 1: more altruistic because they have the children and are the 475 00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:05,359 Speaker 1: the the caregivers, and you know, that's that's out of necessity, 476 00:27:06,040 --> 00:27:09,320 Speaker 1: you know. And um, you know, maybe maybe women are 477 00:27:09,320 --> 00:27:12,560 Speaker 1: replicating their DNA because they're selfish, because they'd like to 478 00:27:12,600 --> 00:27:16,480 Speaker 1: see their you know, DNA come to life. Um you know, 479 00:27:16,640 --> 00:27:19,800 Speaker 1: I'm not saying. You know, I'm a mother and i'd 480 00:27:19,840 --> 00:27:22,920 Speaker 1: have a little DNA replicate myself, but um, you know, 481 00:27:23,000 --> 00:27:25,480 Speaker 1: I didn't necessarily do that, so I could see some 482 00:27:25,640 --> 00:27:28,520 Speaker 1: gene sequencing and action. But I'm just saying that you 483 00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:31,080 Speaker 1: know to to UH to say that, oh, you know, 484 00:27:31,200 --> 00:27:33,800 Speaker 1: women are are better than men in that sense or 485 00:27:33,880 --> 00:27:36,399 Speaker 1: have a better moral compass isn't necessarily true. I'm all 486 00:27:36,440 --> 00:27:38,960 Speaker 1: on board with what you're saying, is that, you know, 487 00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:41,600 Speaker 1: sometimes it just depends on the circumstance and what the 488 00:27:41,640 --> 00:27:44,879 Speaker 1: power structure is. And so far, what's proven out is 489 00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:47,680 Speaker 1: that when you do have men in charge, that there's 490 00:27:47,720 --> 00:27:53,280 Speaker 1: a some some sometimes catastrophic events happening, sometimes not, but 491 00:27:53,480 --> 00:27:56,399 Speaker 1: you know, there definitely is more of violence. And then 492 00:27:56,400 --> 00:28:00,280 Speaker 1: there's also the relationship between testosterone and excessive risk. Um. 493 00:28:00,359 --> 00:28:03,160 Speaker 1: This is I think interesting to point out. This may 494 00:28:03,240 --> 00:28:06,880 Speaker 1: be why men aren't as much of a good fit 495 00:28:07,640 --> 00:28:13,239 Speaker 1: in today's economic environment because excessive risk is seen as 496 00:28:13,320 --> 00:28:18,960 Speaker 1: bad and cooperation, adaptability, flexibility, those are all things that 497 00:28:19,040 --> 00:28:23,119 Speaker 1: are fitting into the archetype of what we're seeing right 498 00:28:23,160 --> 00:28:26,320 Speaker 1: now now. I um, I was, I was curious. I 499 00:28:26,359 --> 00:28:30,359 Speaker 1: also looked up prison stats and I found those. I 500 00:28:30,400 --> 00:28:34,000 Speaker 1: found a report from the Bureau of Prisons and they 501 00:28:34,080 --> 00:28:36,879 Speaker 1: had they have these different codes for UH for for 502 00:28:36,960 --> 00:28:39,880 Speaker 1: different types of crimes. They have like code on codes 503 00:28:39,960 --> 00:28:42,120 Speaker 1: that are in the hundreds like one D one oh one, 504 00:28:42,160 --> 00:28:44,240 Speaker 1: one oh four, and then there are two hundred codes 505 00:28:44,320 --> 00:28:48,920 Speaker 1: like two oh one two, And the two hundred codes 506 00:28:48,960 --> 00:28:52,320 Speaker 1: are things like fighting it fighting, threatening bodily harm, and 507 00:28:52,360 --> 00:28:57,840 Speaker 1: assaulting people. The one hundred codes are killing, attempted murder, um, 508 00:28:58,040 --> 00:29:00,920 Speaker 1: a serious assault, possession of a wet and all right. 509 00:29:01,520 --> 00:29:05,640 Speaker 1: And when in examining gender specific violence, they found it 510 00:29:05,760 --> 00:29:08,600 Speaker 1: was extremely rare for women to commit uh, these one 511 00:29:08,680 --> 00:29:12,120 Speaker 1: hundred level or you know, more like murder level crimes. 512 00:29:12,720 --> 00:29:15,040 Speaker 1: And part of this was in that they were like, oh, well, 513 00:29:15,080 --> 00:29:19,080 Speaker 1: we need a separate system for determining like male violence 514 00:29:19,200 --> 00:29:22,680 Speaker 1: and female violence as far as the prison system is concerned. 515 00:29:23,080 --> 00:29:25,440 Speaker 1: So that's a that's interesting to take into account. But 516 00:29:25,440 --> 00:29:28,360 Speaker 1: then again, you're looking at female or male violence within 517 00:29:29,280 --> 00:29:32,040 Speaker 1: within the culture, within the larger culture, and there's so 518 00:29:32,080 --> 00:29:34,920 Speaker 1: many different layers of that nature versus nurture and so 519 00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:37,640 Speaker 1: on and so forth. Yeah, I don't know, it's a 520 00:29:37,680 --> 00:29:40,520 Speaker 1: sticky subject. I mean, we started out just talking about 521 00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:43,360 Speaker 1: how the Y chromosome it can't repair itself so great 522 00:29:44,000 --> 00:29:47,120 Speaker 1: and the implications of that, Yeah, I mean the far 523 00:29:47,200 --> 00:29:49,800 Speaker 1: reaching you can't ignore that. Yeah. So I mean I 524 00:29:49,840 --> 00:29:51,680 Speaker 1: guess it boils down to them the answer, Like any 525 00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:53,760 Speaker 1: of these things it's more of a a middle ground 526 00:29:53,840 --> 00:29:56,320 Speaker 1: thing where it's the answer is not that female should 527 00:29:56,320 --> 00:29:58,720 Speaker 1: be in charge and men shouldn't, or that men should 528 00:29:58,720 --> 00:30:00,800 Speaker 1: be extinct and we just need a fe l uh 529 00:30:01,360 --> 00:30:05,080 Speaker 1: culture female race uh in and of itself, but more 530 00:30:05,160 --> 00:30:09,280 Speaker 1: of a uh you know, more gender equality, more uh 531 00:30:09,360 --> 00:30:14,000 Speaker 1: you know, an improvement in communication between the genders, all 532 00:30:14,080 --> 00:30:17,240 Speaker 1: these things that are pretty uh, pretty common sense at 533 00:30:17,320 --> 00:30:19,320 Speaker 1: least I think to most moderns. Yeah, once that makes 534 00:30:19,360 --> 00:30:22,960 Speaker 1: sense in the whole evolutionary scheme of things. I mean, 535 00:30:23,120 --> 00:30:25,560 Speaker 1: you know, we don't necessarily need to go and fight 536 00:30:25,640 --> 00:30:30,200 Speaker 1: tigers anymore, and and and uh and lived the way 537 00:30:30,240 --> 00:30:33,680 Speaker 1: that we lived before, where excessive risk was really great 538 00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:36,240 Speaker 1: in testosterone levels that were high or really great. So 539 00:30:36,400 --> 00:30:39,120 Speaker 1: it would make sense that so many thousands of years 540 00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:43,480 Speaker 1: later we would evolve into creatures that were a little 541 00:30:43,480 --> 00:30:46,400 Speaker 1: bit more sensitive to their environments. It just happens that, 542 00:30:46,560 --> 00:30:50,080 Speaker 1: you know, this discovery of the y chromosome and this 543 00:30:50,200 --> 00:30:53,959 Speaker 1: information from the Atlantic, you know, crossed our desk at 544 00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:56,080 Speaker 1: the same time, and it made an interesting story I 545 00:30:56,120 --> 00:30:58,440 Speaker 1: think of what's going on. But still I'm looking to 546 00:30:58,560 --> 00:31:02,440 Speaker 1: the future when other planets will be populated by short 547 00:31:02,480 --> 00:31:06,000 Speaker 1: women and their robot physicians. I think it's gonna happen, 548 00:31:06,240 --> 00:31:10,080 Speaker 1: and uh it'll be. It'll be interesting for those that 549 00:31:10,160 --> 00:31:11,720 Speaker 1: are alive to see what I think that you need 550 00:31:11,800 --> 00:31:17,120 Speaker 1: to uh touch to uh Branson about that, just as 551 00:31:17,160 --> 00:31:20,120 Speaker 1: a side project, you know. 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