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Speaker 1: Now here's a highlight from coast to coast AM on

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Speaker 1: iHeart Radio and welcome back. We are with the scientists,

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Speaker 1: theoretical physicists Leonard Mulatta. Now, Leonard, what's new in the

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Speaker 1: world of science? By the way, before we get back

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Speaker 1: into elastic, any cutting edge breakthroughs out there, Well, you know,

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Speaker 1: the big one was the gravitational waves that I think

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Speaker 1: was really the biggest breakthrough of a well on physics,

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Speaker 1: at least of kind of backed up Einstein, didn't it. Well,

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Speaker 1: it's that, yeah, it definitely did, and it was, you know,

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Speaker 1: one hundred years after his prediction that it was confirmed.

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Speaker 1: But it's it's really the beginning of a new way

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Speaker 1: to examine the universe because you know, since Galileo, we've

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Speaker 1: been using telescopes to look at light and then different

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Speaker 1: frequencies radio waves, infred in microwaves, so they're all different

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Speaker 1: kinds of light that we've been using to study the

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Speaker 1: other galaxies in the past because the light takes a

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Speaker 1: while to get to us, so we can look backward

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Speaker 1: that way. But with gravitational energy is a totally different

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Speaker 1: kind of energy than electromagnetic or light energy, and so

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Speaker 1: this success opens up a whole new way to study

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Speaker 1: the universe, and we can learn things that we could

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Speaker 1: learn us using light methodology or electromagnetic methodology. So it's

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Speaker 1: not just that we confirmed what Einstein predicted, but we

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Speaker 1: opened up a whole new a whole new way of

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Speaker 1: studying the cosmos. And that's pretty exciting. I think when

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Speaker 1: you were dealing with Stephen, did he try to explain

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Speaker 1: to you his thoughts on the Big Bang and off

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Speaker 1: that started. Of course he did, and that was what

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Speaker 1: consumes his life, were those ideas, and you know he

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Speaker 1: did he get his answer? Did he find it? He

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Speaker 1: had his answer, And you know that's really what our book,

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Speaker 1: The Grand Design was about. So he okay, you want it, George,

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Speaker 1: I want it. I want it. So there's that song

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Speaker 1: in Queen I want it now. Okay. Well, you know

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Speaker 1: the universe is expanding, right with time is getting bigger.

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Speaker 1: That means not that you and I are expanding, but

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Speaker 1: that's the space that we're in is expanding. So between

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Speaker 1: two points in space, there's more and more space as

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Speaker 1: time goes on. And if you if you go backwards

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Speaker 1: and run that backwards, you'll find it. The universe was

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Speaker 1: smaller in the old days, and when the universe gets

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Speaker 1: small enough, it enters what's called the quantum realm. The

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Speaker 1: quantum realm is a realm where of a very tiny word,

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Speaker 1: the uncertainty principle, and all that craziness from quantum mechanics

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Speaker 1: is relevant, and where things are bubbling in and old

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Speaker 1: existence all the time, and you can't say where something

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Speaker 1: is because it could be here, it could be there,

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Speaker 1: And all those crazy things that happened on normally just

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Speaker 1: on the atomic or nuclear scale, that they would happen

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Speaker 1: on the whole universe scale when the universe was small enough.

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Speaker 1: So as you go backward, the effect of that space

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Speaker 1: and time itself it starts to be noticeable, so that

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Speaker 1: space and time lose the character that we understand that

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Speaker 1: they have today, that we feel that we intuitively understand,

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Speaker 1: and time begins to look more like a dimension of

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Speaker 1: space that was his theory, and that and that if

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Speaker 1: you go back there is no point where which is

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Speaker 1: a beginning, because time itself ceases to have the meaning

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Speaker 1: that we normally assigned to it. It's almost like think

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Speaker 1: about the globe as if you're going starting somewhere on

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Speaker 1: the globe, you start heading south, you never really find

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Speaker 1: the beginning. You can go through the south poone you

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Speaker 1: start coming back north, but you never find a point

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Speaker 1: where it starts or ends. It just goes in circles.

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Speaker 1: So that's kind of the idea that he had of

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Speaker 1: how the universe began, and there was a quantum beginning,

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Speaker 1: which means that there are many many alternative universes, just

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Speaker 1: like there are many different places that electron can be.

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Speaker 1: There are many different histories the universe could have, and

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Speaker 1: of course we're in one particular one of them. And

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Speaker 1: so that his view was that the different parallel universes

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Speaker 1: all have different laws of nature. That the laws of

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Speaker 1: nature themselves are what we in physics can call a

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Speaker 1: dynamical variable. They're like a property like position or or speed.

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Speaker 1: The laws themselves are determined by these quantum fluctuations. And

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Speaker 1: so all the different universes have different laws, and we

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Speaker 1: happen to be in one that has laws that allow

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Speaker 1: us to be here. But that's not hard to understand,

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Speaker 1: because if this universe didn't have those laws, we wouldn't

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Speaker 1: be here to ask about it. Right, it's right, that's right.

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Speaker 1: Does it does it prove or disapprove of the existence

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Speaker 1: of God. Well, see, when we wrote that book there

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Speaker 1: was very controversial. The London Times kicked us off with

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Speaker 1: a big headline Stephen Hawking colon there is no God

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Speaker 1: or something like and that wasn't true. Oh, it's not

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Speaker 1: true at all. You know, we don't we're not at

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Speaker 1: all proving that there is no what we what? What

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Speaker 1: his theory says is that you don't need a deity

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Speaker 1: or anything else to start the universe, that the niverse

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Speaker 1: could come from nothing, and explains how that works. That

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Speaker 1: doesn't mean that there isn't one, and of course one,

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Speaker 1: As we said earlier, one could always ask the question, well,

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Speaker 1: who made the quantum laws? You know, in physics you

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Speaker 1: can always whatever your my answer is. As a physicist,

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Speaker 1: you can say, but why is that right? I'll say

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Speaker 1: it's because of this theory, the theory that A equals

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Speaker 1: B and I derive everything from it. He says, well,

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Speaker 1: why does the equal be? Maybe if I work hard,

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Speaker 1: I'll find out because C equals d, And then you

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Speaker 1: can say, why does the equal d? There's no end

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Speaker 1: to it? So the end is by definition God, you know,

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Speaker 1: in some minds, And that's that. With Stephen's view, have

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Speaker 1: we been able to explain scientifically what life is all about. No,

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Speaker 1: I mean, I mean, I mean here you are on

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Speaker 1: this book. Yeah, you're on this national radio show. You've

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Speaker 1: had your life, I've had mine. We've got all these

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Speaker 1: billions of people scurrying around the planet. What's it all about? Well,

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Speaker 1: I think we each have to find, you know, our

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Speaker 1: own meaning. To me, learning about my place and the

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Speaker 1: place of my personal place, the place of my species

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Speaker 1: and my planet in the universe and where it's going,

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Speaker 1: that that gives it the meaning that it has. It

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Speaker 1: allows me to place put myself in perspective and you know,

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Speaker 1: not taking myself too seriously. But see, you know, on

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Speaker 1: the other hand, how wonderful it is that, you know,

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Speaker 1: laws that are basically governed by randomness can produce something

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Speaker 1: that is so unrandom as you and I and you know,

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Speaker 1: such a rich consciousness and ideas and existence. And that's

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Speaker 1: just the wonderful miracle that happens. And to understand that

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Speaker 1: it's just you know, some days you may go, my

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Speaker 1: troubles are bad, and you go not compared to the

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Speaker 1: stars or or or I'm great, not compared to the

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Speaker 1: to the galaxies. So I think that keeping all that

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Speaker 1: in mind and where you fit is a very healthy thing.

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Speaker 1: I think what's interesting about your title elastic is the

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Speaker 1: subtitle flexible thinking at the time of change. UM. Flexible thinking,

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Speaker 1: I think is very important for somebody in their life,

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Speaker 1: isn't it it is. I think it's very important, not

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Speaker 1: only for success and to thrive and to face and

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Speaker 1: new challenges, but just to be happy. If you're not

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Speaker 1: flexible and things happen that that you don't like or

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Speaker 1: you didn't expect, could cause the psychological problems issues, you

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Speaker 1: get upset. If you're flexible and go with the flow, Uh,

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Speaker 1: it's better. That's that's where Deepak and science come together,

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Speaker 1: because he always used to tell me that Leonard being

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Speaker 1: flexible is the most important thing, and he might be right.

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Speaker 1: I think he's right. By the way, can't give up

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Speaker 1: my Twitter, Oh absolutely sure thing. It's at lmilo at

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Speaker 1: You better spell that, yeah, okay at L M L

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Speaker 1: O d I n O w L for Leonard and

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Speaker 1: then M L O D I n OW. Thanks, thank you.

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Speaker 1: We'll give it out again before you're off the air

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Speaker 1: with us tonight. UM. A lot of corporations are changing

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Speaker 1: their approach now to increase performance. And one of the

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Speaker 1: ways they're doing this is through what you're writing about

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Speaker 1: right now, elastic thinking. Right, Well, you know they've noticed

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Speaker 1: that you have companies like a Kodak, Remember Kodak, great

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Speaker 1: company invented digital photos. What happened to them? You know

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Speaker 1: what about Blockbuster? Blockbuster, oh that I was talking about

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Speaker 1: that last week. They didn't see it coming at all. Well,

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Speaker 1: didn't have the flexible thing, I'll tell you. You know,

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Speaker 1: some executive Leonard should have said, folks, there's something called

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Speaker 1: streaming video which is going to make all our stuff

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Speaker 1: and stores obsolete. There's one Blockbuster store left I think

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Speaker 1: it's in Australia and it's owned by some franchise. All

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Speaker 1: the company stores are gone. The business has gone basically well,

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Speaker 1: they had the clunky tapes, right, They're even slow to

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Speaker 1: get into the DVDs, and Netflix starts mailing them and

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Speaker 1: they thought, oh, that's dorky, they're mailing DVDs. But guess what,

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Speaker 1: that was a great business. And Blockbuster was even slow

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Speaker 1: and putting them in their store publicly held company at

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Speaker 1: the time, you know. And that's why Netflix is a

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Speaker 1: great example, because Netflix kind of started pushed them away

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Speaker 1: with the DVD mailings, right, yep, Netflix killed them, kill them. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's right. But then when the streaming started, as you

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Speaker 1: just pointed out, Netflix was not like Blockbuster. Netflix started saying,

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Speaker 1: these DVDs are nice, but you know that's going to

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Speaker 1: go by the you know, the wayside too. Let's let's

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Speaker 1: get onto the new business. And they started looking at

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Speaker 1: streaming and people criticize them in the beginning, like, oh,

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Speaker 1: they're going into streaming, streaming as clunky. You know, we

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Speaker 1: don't have the bandwidth yet. And they said, no, streaming

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Speaker 1: is the future. So they did what Blockbuster didn't do.

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Speaker 1: They made the transition. And they're still trying to keep continually.

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Speaker 1: And that's what you have to do today. Now, when

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Speaker 1: the power goes down or something goes down, you might

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Speaker 1: want to have your DVDs still around. But that's apparently

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Speaker 1: there's still a mailing, a little mail order business. I

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Speaker 1: didn't realize that that Netflix does some people just in case. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: some people are still the dinosaur type. But I mean,

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Speaker 1: here's somebody at Blockbuster or some executive who did not

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Speaker 1: see this coming and Netflix blew right past them. How

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Speaker 1: could they miss that? That's the thing that you know,

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Speaker 1: people are not used to questioning their assumptions, so they

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Speaker 1: had to remember the old In the old days, the

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Speaker 1: secretive business was to look at your core business or

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Speaker 1: are those words they used to say? Core business? You

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Speaker 1: look at your core business, stick to your core business,

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Speaker 1: focus on it, optimize it. And that's not true anymore.

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Speaker 1: That's if you just stick. They stuck to their core

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Speaker 1: business and they got a core business right out of business.

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Speaker 1: So you know, now you've got to constantly be changing

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Speaker 1: your business. I bet some young executive, some some kid

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Speaker 1: who was working at Blockbuster went to talk to his

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Speaker 1: executive boss and said, boss, you know, I think there's

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Speaker 1: this new thing coming where people are going to be

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Speaker 1: able to watch and then I have to leave their

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Speaker 1: home to get the DVD. They can just do it

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Speaker 1: with their remote right on their television, because it's it's

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Speaker 1: all going to be that way. And he said, I

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Speaker 1: don't even know what it's called, but we should look

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Speaker 1: into that. And the guy probably said, you're nut skinned

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Speaker 1: go back to your offense. There are Blockbuster employees who

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Speaker 1: quit and went to work for Netflix and did quite

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Speaker 1: well for themselves. Yeah. Absolutely, But my favorite is, Okay,

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Speaker 1: guess what this company is they don't pay their workers,

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Speaker 1: they don't train their workers, they don't do quality assurance

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Speaker 1: on their stuff, even though it's supposed to be experts.

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Speaker 1: Guess what those are all assumptions that you would think

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Speaker 1: that that would you imagine going to a grocery store

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Speaker 1: and they say, oh, that was only not pay They

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Speaker 1: don't charge either. So imagine go to the grocery store.

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Speaker 1: They say, take what you want, pay what you want. Okay,

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Speaker 1: that's the business model of this company Wikipedia. Okay, so

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Speaker 1: we imagine with Botanica. I remember Encyclopedia Britannica. You know

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Speaker 1: when when when the online stuff started happening, people said, oh, yeah,

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Speaker 1: they're going to put their their encyclopedia online too. But

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Speaker 1: that's not It wasn't online encyclopedia that was Wikipedia's great vision.

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Speaker 1: It was these things that I said that they're going

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Speaker 1: to have the people right, and they're not going to

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Speaker 1: get paid, and they're not going to be um employees

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Speaker 1: employees there, we're not going to charge for it, and

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Speaker 1: they're not going to be trained, and it's all going

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Speaker 1: to work out by the wisdom of crowds. And it

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Speaker 1: was that assumption that Britannica couldn't couldn't must it couldn't stand.

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Speaker 1: And and they'll also let non paid public members correct

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Speaker 1: the mistakes. Yeah, they correct. So so it's just like

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Speaker 1: you said, there's probably people at you know, Britannica who

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Speaker 1: were saying, hey, we gotta gotta we gotta, you know,

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Speaker 1: co opt this Wikipedia company. We gotta start doing what

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Speaker 1: they're doing. They're off, I'll never work, you know who.

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Speaker 1: I remember that they were saying, up until a few

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Speaker 1: years ago, encyclopedia that's not written by experts, How could

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Speaker 1: that be? Well, could you then call elastic thinking futuristic

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Speaker 1: thinking as well? It is futuristic. It's the kind of

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Speaker 1: thinking that envisions and prepares for the future, and it's

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Speaker 1: what you need. It's what you need to face the

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Speaker 1: future because in the future things aren't going to be

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Speaker 1: the way they are today. So if you look back,

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Speaker 1: imagine how you go on a vacation and twenty years

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Speaker 1: ago you didn't go to all these different websites, you

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Speaker 1: didn't go to Airbnb, you didn't get to the airport

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Speaker 1: by uber. Everything has changed, right, So twenty years from

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Speaker 1: now it's going to change also, and to keep up

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Speaker 1: with it and to be to deal with it, you

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Speaker 1: need elastic thinking. Is elastic thinking the wave of the

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Speaker 1: future for an individual more and more, And I'm not

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Speaker 1: saying I have to be careful. I'm to stress that

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Speaker 1: I'm not saying lobstical thinking doesn't have a place. It

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Speaker 1: really does. But more and more we need elastic thinking.

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Speaker 1: We need a mix of thinking, and our brains are

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Speaker 1: capable of both. But what we need more and more

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Speaker 1: in what has been neglected in the past, except if

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Speaker 1: you're an artist or a writer or a musician, is

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Speaker 1: a need for elastic thinking. But we needed now in business,

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Speaker 1: and we need it in our everyday lives. Would you

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Speaker 1: say that Jeff Bezos from Amazon, Elon Musque from Tesla PayPal,

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Speaker 1: of course, that they were elastic thinkers, Oh yeah, and

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Speaker 1: still are exactly. They're the ones who were the anti

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Speaker 1: blockbusters and the anti the opposites as a physicist, the

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Speaker 1: opposite of Blockbuster, the opposites of Britannicaca. They were the

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Speaker 1: ones who questioned, who had a vision that things could

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Speaker 1: work differently. And you know, when you first have that vision,

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Speaker 1: that looks weird. So when I just said you might

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Speaker 1: go into a grocery store and pay what, you know,

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Speaker 1: take what you want and pay what you want. Haha,

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Speaker 1: we're all laughing. But if someone started a grocery store

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Speaker 1: like that, it might work, And then twenty years from

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Speaker 1: now we'd look back and go, I can't imagine how

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Speaker 1: it was any different. You know. The idea that you

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Speaker 1: take your own groceries and put them into a into

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Speaker 1: a grocery cart was a new idea at one time,

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Speaker 1: about one hundred years. People used to go in and

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Speaker 1: and someone behind the counter would have to hand them

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Speaker 1: their groceries, and the business was very inefficient because there

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Speaker 1: were long weights when there was crowded, and when it

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Speaker 1: was not crawled, the a lot of clerks sitting around

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Speaker 1: doing nothing. Someone had this idea that to do it

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Speaker 1: differently the way we do it now, right, And people

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Speaker 1: laugh at them and said that's not going to work.

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Speaker 1: You can't let people touch the stuff themselves. How are

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Speaker 1: you going to organize that and keep figuring out for

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Speaker 1: cash registers and lines and aisles of stuff. And he

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Speaker 1: started what's called Tiggy Wiggly, which is still a Ronnie

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Speaker 1: beat multimillionaire. And at that time when he started, it

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Speaker 1: was just as weird an idea as we'll let people

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Speaker 1: take what they want, to pay what they want. It's

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Speaker 1: just as weird as the Wikipedia one. And but twenty

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Speaker 1: years after he, you know, his store started and other

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Speaker 1: stores started up that way, people couldn't imagine how they

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Speaker 1: ever did it differently. That's just the way ideas go.

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Speaker 1: It is, it is dramatic. Listen to more Coast to

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Speaker 1: Coast AM every weeknight at one am Eastern, and go

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Speaker 1: to Coast to Coast am dot com for more