1 00:00:08,520 --> 00:00:10,800 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to Savor production of I Heart Radio. 2 00:00:10,840 --> 00:00:13,320 Speaker 1: I'm Ann Reese and I'm Lauren Vocal Bam and today 3 00:00:13,360 --> 00:00:18,560 Speaker 1: we have an episode for you about toothpicks. Yes, and 4 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:25,720 Speaker 1: it is surprisingly perhaps fun. It's a fun one. Yeah, yeah, 5 00:00:25,920 --> 00:00:29,040 Speaker 1: there was. All right. So, so we had been reached 6 00:00:29,080 --> 00:00:31,120 Speaker 1: out to buy some of the fine humans in our 7 00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:33,400 Speaker 1: company to ask if we would want to do an 8 00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:37,760 Speaker 1: episode surrounding like super Bowl related topics. And I know 9 00:00:37,840 --> 00:00:42,400 Speaker 1: I just said the word you even in the outline. 10 00:00:43,400 --> 00:00:45,920 Speaker 1: Even in the outline, you write the Big Game as 11 00:00:45,960 --> 00:00:48,960 Speaker 1: though someone is going to bust into our Google docs. 12 00:00:50,479 --> 00:00:53,239 Speaker 1: I wouldn't put it past them. I'm ready for the 13 00:00:53,360 --> 00:00:58,400 Speaker 1: knock on my closet studio door any minute. They really don't. 14 00:00:58,480 --> 00:01:05,400 Speaker 1: It's really not like that. They're not We're not selling anything. 15 00:01:05,560 --> 00:01:08,479 Speaker 1: We're not marketing anything based on the Super Bowl. We're 16 00:01:08,520 --> 00:01:19,279 Speaker 1: just saying that it's happening. We're selling our personalities, our brand. Well, okay, 17 00:01:19,280 --> 00:01:25,800 Speaker 1: not no, I guess, but I feel like I just 18 00:01:25,840 --> 00:01:30,440 Speaker 1: put a toothpick in your argument. Oh no, oh dear 19 00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:35,480 Speaker 1: uh right, And so we're like alright, like like like 20 00:01:35,520 --> 00:01:39,480 Speaker 1: what can we talk about surrounding Super Bowl? Sort of topics, 21 00:01:39,640 --> 00:01:41,840 Speaker 1: and I was like, I don't know, what about like 22 00:01:41,880 --> 00:01:46,520 Speaker 1: cocktail picks, what about like toothpicks? Yeah, yeah, yeah, because 23 00:01:46,560 --> 00:01:50,440 Speaker 1: we've done a lot of the pretty big Super Bowl 24 00:01:50,440 --> 00:01:57,160 Speaker 1: adjacent foods already. Um, we did discuss doing Cincinnati chili, 25 00:01:57,240 --> 00:02:01,280 Speaker 1: but we thought that would be like picking a side. Yeah, 26 00:02:01,480 --> 00:02:06,800 Speaker 1: we backed away from that one. Yeah. Um, but but 27 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:10,400 Speaker 1: yeah toothpicks yeah, because they are involved in a lot 28 00:02:10,440 --> 00:02:16,680 Speaker 1: of snacks. Um. And actually I bought some toothpicks many 29 00:02:16,760 --> 00:02:19,760 Speaker 1: years ago, um, when we were playing D and D 30 00:02:19,880 --> 00:02:23,040 Speaker 1: pretty regularly, and I would make all those snacks like, oh, 31 00:02:24,840 --> 00:02:28,880 Speaker 1: required toothpicks, yeah, for serving, Yeah, to have a little 32 00:02:28,919 --> 00:02:33,960 Speaker 1: hand held bites. Sure, yes, yes this, yes, Um, I 33 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:39,760 Speaker 1: have a lot of toothpick thoughts. Actually, okay, yeah, yeah. 34 00:02:39,919 --> 00:02:45,480 Speaker 1: So I used to be extremely anti toothpick in high school. 35 00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:49,320 Speaker 1: I thought they were a waste. Like I just I 36 00:02:49,360 --> 00:02:52,880 Speaker 1: couldn't get behind it. You were like environmentally speaking, like 37 00:02:52,919 --> 00:02:55,520 Speaker 1: this is ridiculous to use the single use thing and 38 00:02:55,560 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: then throw it away. Okay, right, but I say that 39 00:02:59,400 --> 00:03:03,080 Speaker 1: as in I'm not entirely sure which is worse toothpicks 40 00:03:03,080 --> 00:03:09,200 Speaker 1: are flows. Oh, but at the time I was very 41 00:03:09,240 --> 00:03:11,680 Speaker 1: anti toothpick, and I got in a big fight with 42 00:03:12,040 --> 00:03:15,640 Speaker 1: our class president actually in high school, where he was 43 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:18,359 Speaker 1: like trying to I guess proof I was a hypocrite 44 00:03:20,080 --> 00:03:23,040 Speaker 1: because he's like, you sitting chairs, they're made of wood, 45 00:03:23,360 --> 00:03:26,960 Speaker 1: and I was like, but you could use flaws. You knows, 46 00:03:27,639 --> 00:03:34,360 Speaker 1: we got. It was a whole blowout. Um, I'm not 47 00:03:34,400 --> 00:03:36,720 Speaker 1: sure I feel about it looking back. I guess I 48 00:03:36,760 --> 00:03:39,840 Speaker 1: stood up for my ideals. I don't know how great 49 00:03:39,840 --> 00:03:42,760 Speaker 1: are my ideals they were, but but you stood up 50 00:03:42,760 --> 00:03:48,400 Speaker 1: to yourself and that's good. Oh, I we like, I 51 00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:57,800 Speaker 1: remember this fight. We were in front of the classroom fighting. Yeah. 52 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:04,200 Speaker 1: I do not have a have any emotionally charged toothpick story. 53 00:04:04,960 --> 00:04:14,480 Speaker 1: I'm shocked. Shocked, Laura, I have another one actually. Yeah. So, 54 00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:18,159 Speaker 1: in doing this research, it was really interesting because when 55 00:04:18,160 --> 00:04:20,719 Speaker 1: you think about it, toothpicks are used for a lot 56 00:04:20,760 --> 00:04:24,279 Speaker 1: of different things, not just for picking teeth. And one 57 00:04:24,279 --> 00:04:27,080 Speaker 1: of the things that caught my eye was, you know 58 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:31,719 Speaker 1: people build things using toothpicks, um share a little little 59 00:04:31,760 --> 00:04:35,560 Speaker 1: models or something or yeah or yeah, even using them 60 00:04:35,560 --> 00:04:39,080 Speaker 1: as support structures for like a gingerbread house serve. Yeah, totally. 61 00:04:40,400 --> 00:04:43,599 Speaker 1: So when I was in high school, we had a 62 00:04:43,680 --> 00:04:49,200 Speaker 1: project where we had to build a bridge using toothpicks. Okay, 63 00:04:50,360 --> 00:04:54,640 Speaker 1: it haunts me to this day. To this day, I 64 00:04:56,160 --> 00:04:59,600 Speaker 1: that bridge I had, like this triangle design I had. 65 00:04:59,680 --> 00:05:03,440 Speaker 1: I was using all these like most load bearing, like 66 00:05:03,480 --> 00:05:06,640 Speaker 1: efficient designs that I could find online. It was way 67 00:05:06,640 --> 00:05:09,919 Speaker 1: too complicated and how do you so much glue? And 68 00:05:09,960 --> 00:05:12,920 Speaker 1: I would just go home every lunch break for like 69 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:18,640 Speaker 1: a week and just be like, try glue, please dry, 70 00:05:18,680 --> 00:05:22,520 Speaker 1: and I'm pretty sure it's shattered when I oh no, 71 00:05:23,080 --> 00:05:31,560 Speaker 1: oh dude. It was one of my most traumatic building projects. Okay, 72 00:05:31,720 --> 00:05:36,200 Speaker 1: I'm I'm sorry. Hey, I'm having a moment. You are yeah, yeah, 73 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:40,320 Speaker 1: I well, you know it's in the past. Those toothpicks 74 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:44,440 Speaker 1: can't hurt you anymore any but toothpicks can't hurt they. 75 00:05:44,760 --> 00:05:48,760 Speaker 1: I've also been hurt by a toothpick. And that's something 76 00:05:48,800 --> 00:05:52,200 Speaker 1: else that's going to come up in this outline. I'm 77 00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:55,640 Speaker 1: just a lot of stuff has been unearthed. Yeah, apparently, 78 00:05:55,839 --> 00:05:58,919 Speaker 1: I'm I'm sorry. If I if I had known, I 79 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:01,720 Speaker 1: might have, you know, like like done a trigger warning 80 00:06:01,800 --> 00:06:04,960 Speaker 1: or something like. I would have made sure for me. 81 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:09,360 Speaker 1: It's like like content warning, Like Hey, Annie, like are 82 00:06:09,360 --> 00:06:11,680 Speaker 1: you gonna be okay if we do a toothpick episode. 83 00:06:11,720 --> 00:06:15,719 Speaker 1: You could have told me, jeez. I honestly, until we, like, 84 00:06:15,960 --> 00:06:18,400 Speaker 1: until I sat down and started doing the research, that's 85 00:06:18,400 --> 00:06:23,040 Speaker 1: when all this started coming out. Wait a minute, I'm 86 00:06:23,040 --> 00:06:25,080 Speaker 1: glad it wasn't immediate, because I was starting to feel 87 00:06:25,080 --> 00:06:32,719 Speaker 1: like some kind of toothpick monster, which sounds terrifying. But no, no, no, no, um, 88 00:06:32,720 --> 00:06:36,680 Speaker 1: it's actually but it was really enjoyable. Um, it's really 89 00:06:36,760 --> 00:06:40,000 Speaker 1: enjoyable research, even if I do have these memories associated 90 00:06:40,040 --> 00:06:44,160 Speaker 1: with it, but I also have the positive memory of 91 00:06:44,200 --> 00:06:49,599 Speaker 1: testing to see if brownies were done, our cakes were done? Sure? Yeah, yeah, yeah, 92 00:06:49,720 --> 00:06:53,640 Speaker 1: I that is probably my number one that's absolutely my 93 00:06:53,720 --> 00:06:57,240 Speaker 1: number one use of toothpicks around the house. I don't 94 00:06:57,320 --> 00:07:00,200 Speaker 1: usually use them as like a personal grooming thing, and 95 00:07:00,240 --> 00:07:03,880 Speaker 1: I don't tend to make the sort of food products 96 00:07:03,960 --> 00:07:06,400 Speaker 1: that would require a toothpick, because I'm like, oh no, 97 00:07:06,600 --> 00:07:11,200 Speaker 1: that's no. I make giant stews. That's basically all I cook, um, 98 00:07:11,240 --> 00:07:14,280 Speaker 1: which I guess you could use a toothpick on. But anyway, um, 99 00:07:14,400 --> 00:07:16,960 Speaker 1: yeah so, but but whenever I'm doing a baked good, 100 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:20,760 Speaker 1: I'm like, is the toothpick clean? Like, yeah, just like that, 101 00:07:21,200 --> 00:07:26,520 Speaker 1: you say it in that voice. Look, you gotta tell 102 00:07:26,560 --> 00:07:31,560 Speaker 1: those cakes who's boss. Okay, okay, okay, you gotta make 103 00:07:31,600 --> 00:07:36,640 Speaker 1: them understand that you are in charge and you're not 104 00:07:36,840 --> 00:07:45,720 Speaker 1: Brooke any shenanigans, No cake shenanigans for you. I see. Okay, Well, 105 00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:50,800 Speaker 1: perhaps we both have some unearthed issues here, but all right, 106 00:07:51,240 --> 00:08:01,280 Speaker 1: let us get to our question. Toothpicks What are they? Well? Uh, 107 00:08:01,400 --> 00:08:07,600 Speaker 1: toothpicks are a type of hand tool. Um. They're they're small, 108 00:08:07,680 --> 00:08:10,960 Speaker 1: oblong sticks that often come to a point on at 109 00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:14,680 Speaker 1: least one end um and are meant to yes, either 110 00:08:14,920 --> 00:08:17,320 Speaker 1: spear small bites of food to bring to your mouth, 111 00:08:17,640 --> 00:08:21,640 Speaker 1: or to uh to hold bits of food together, or 112 00:08:21,720 --> 00:08:24,040 Speaker 1: to help you remove small bits of food from between 113 00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:26,640 Speaker 1: your teeth. As an extension of part A there. They 114 00:08:26,640 --> 00:08:28,840 Speaker 1: can also be used to to fix a garnish and 115 00:08:28,880 --> 00:08:32,400 Speaker 1: a cocktail glass. Perhaps. Um. They're often meant to be 116 00:08:32,520 --> 00:08:37,520 Speaker 1: single use and disposable. They're uh, they're like a good 117 00:08:37,559 --> 00:08:42,400 Speaker 1: way to handle food without using your hands. Yeah, not 118 00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:51,800 Speaker 1: my most poetic, but they're they're like the tiniest skewers. Uh. 119 00:08:51,840 --> 00:08:56,600 Speaker 1: They're they're simple but effective tool. Yeah, I forgot about 120 00:08:56,640 --> 00:09:06,640 Speaker 1: those sword shaped. Yeah, those plastics. Oh yeah, so good right. Yes, 121 00:09:06,920 --> 00:09:10,400 Speaker 1: disposable toothpicks can indeed be made from plastic like that, 122 00:09:10,559 --> 00:09:13,600 Speaker 1: or from wood or from bamboo. Um. If you're working 123 00:09:13,600 --> 00:09:16,240 Speaker 1: with wood, you want to take a nice, strong, but 124 00:09:16,320 --> 00:09:20,520 Speaker 1: flexible wood log like like birch. Um it's usually birch 125 00:09:20,520 --> 00:09:24,000 Speaker 1: in the industry, and uh and then veneer it, meaning 126 00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:28,920 Speaker 1: you sort of peel it into long thin strips like 127 00:09:28,920 --> 00:09:32,160 Speaker 1: like ribbons. Almost. Um, it's sort of like it's sort 128 00:09:32,160 --> 00:09:36,080 Speaker 1: of like using a spiralizer, um, but on a log. 129 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:39,240 Speaker 1: It's it's if you've never seen video of this happening, 130 00:09:39,400 --> 00:09:43,600 Speaker 1: it's wild and beautiful. Look it up. Um, super interesting. 131 00:09:44,080 --> 00:09:48,400 Speaker 1: I also am personally. As I was doing the reading 132 00:09:48,440 --> 00:09:51,160 Speaker 1: for this, I realized that I miss how it's made 133 00:09:51,280 --> 00:09:57,320 Speaker 1: so much because that just slightly bonkers level of extremely 134 00:09:57,440 --> 00:10:08,040 Speaker 1: chill narration with like very off putting background music and 135 00:10:08,320 --> 00:10:11,959 Speaker 1: really boring mechanical processes. I was just like, oh gosh, 136 00:10:12,360 --> 00:10:14,480 Speaker 1: this just really hits some kind of spot. I don't 137 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:16,360 Speaker 1: even like weed, and this hits some kind of spot 138 00:10:17,720 --> 00:10:20,520 Speaker 1: at any rate. Um. So you're working with birch, e'ven 139 00:10:20,520 --> 00:10:24,320 Speaker 1: near it, yes, and then either punch out flat sided 140 00:10:24,360 --> 00:10:30,240 Speaker 1: toothpicks U or UH stamp and then mill down rounded toothpicks. 141 00:10:30,800 --> 00:10:33,880 Speaker 1: Bamboo toothpicks, meanwhile, are made by um splitting stocks of 142 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:37,120 Speaker 1: bamboo into long, thin rods that are then cut to length. 143 00:10:37,679 --> 00:10:40,720 Speaker 1: In both cases, the toothpicks are then dried until they're 144 00:10:40,760 --> 00:10:44,120 Speaker 1: hard and tumbled until they're smooth. Afterwards, they can be 145 00:10:44,240 --> 00:10:47,280 Speaker 1: machined so that they're really sharp and pointy at one 146 00:10:47,400 --> 00:10:50,480 Speaker 1: end um and flat or grooved at the other. Some 147 00:10:50,559 --> 00:10:52,560 Speaker 1: can be decorated at one end with a with a 148 00:10:52,640 --> 00:10:56,160 Speaker 1: frill of paper or plastic um. Some can be soaked 149 00:10:56,240 --> 00:10:58,800 Speaker 1: with a flavored compound like mint or cinnamon during the 150 00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:02,319 Speaker 1: processing to give the finished pick a breath freshening flavor. 151 00:11:03,960 --> 00:11:08,080 Speaker 1: Plastic toothpicks are generally made by filling uh you know, 152 00:11:08,559 --> 00:11:12,360 Speaker 1: long skinny toothpick shaped molds with liquid plastic, and then 153 00:11:12,440 --> 00:11:14,840 Speaker 1: cooling and drying them until they're hard, and then polishing 154 00:11:14,920 --> 00:11:19,440 Speaker 1: or tumbling them smooth. UM Special decorative molds can be 155 00:11:19,520 --> 00:11:21,880 Speaker 1: used to create shapes at one end, you know, like 156 00:11:21,920 --> 00:11:26,560 Speaker 1: a cute little animal or leaf or something, or a logo. UM. 157 00:11:26,600 --> 00:11:29,440 Speaker 1: You can also stamp specialized shapes out of wood veneer. 158 00:11:30,360 --> 00:11:33,600 Speaker 1: This reminds me when we were in Allahu and we 159 00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:36,400 Speaker 1: went to that poke A battle in the grocery store. 160 00:11:37,480 --> 00:11:40,200 Speaker 1: One of the dishes of poke a was served with 161 00:11:40,240 --> 00:11:45,160 Speaker 1: a little Mickey Mouse toothpick. That's right. And I was like, well, 162 00:11:45,160 --> 00:11:49,959 Speaker 1: this is heck and cute and it was delicious. Gosh, 163 00:11:49,960 --> 00:11:55,720 Speaker 1: it was delicious, man. Okay anyway, Um, yes, these disposable 164 00:11:55,760 --> 00:11:59,800 Speaker 1: toothpicks can be packaged in boxes of a few hundred 165 00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:03,760 Speaker 1: were individually wrapped in paper plastic for distribution through like 166 00:12:03,880 --> 00:12:07,000 Speaker 1: restaurants or airlines or hospitals or what have you. Um, 167 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:09,800 Speaker 1: but not all toothpicks are disposable. Um. You can use 168 00:12:09,880 --> 00:12:13,720 Speaker 1: affordable but durable materials like stainless steel or fancier stuff 169 00:12:13,760 --> 00:12:17,000 Speaker 1: like silver or some kind of decorative hardwood. UM to 170 00:12:17,080 --> 00:12:23,439 Speaker 1: make a reusable or even heirloom toothpick. I think that 171 00:12:23,520 --> 00:12:27,120 Speaker 1: was my favorite rabbit hole of this episode, was looking up, 172 00:12:27,600 --> 00:12:33,960 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, like fancy toothpicks from the past, yeah, yester years, 173 00:12:34,080 --> 00:12:38,800 Speaker 1: like collectible toothpicks, and it's just like way too big too, 174 00:12:38,880 --> 00:12:43,520 Speaker 1: Like they looked like we were unwieldy, like cigarettes sized, 175 00:12:43,559 --> 00:12:51,360 Speaker 1: and you're like, that's okay, it's like a big quill. Yeah, yeah, 176 00:12:51,679 --> 00:12:55,760 Speaker 1: it was. It was a good rabbit hole. I recommend it. Um. Well, 177 00:12:55,760 --> 00:12:59,880 Speaker 1: what about the nutrition. Definitely, don't eat a toothpick. That's 178 00:12:59,880 --> 00:13:03,480 Speaker 1: a really dangerous for Don't ingest something that hard and pointy. 179 00:13:03,600 --> 00:13:06,439 Speaker 1: That's bad. As we will talk about a few times 180 00:13:06,440 --> 00:13:10,200 Speaker 1: throughout this episode. That's very definitely do not do that. No. 181 00:13:10,520 --> 00:13:15,160 Speaker 1: I don't usually give an equivocal uh nutrition advice, but 182 00:13:15,240 --> 00:13:18,959 Speaker 1: this is one of them. Don't eat toothings. I feel 183 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:23,400 Speaker 1: like that should be a shirt now. I'm like, man, 184 00:13:23,440 --> 00:13:26,760 Speaker 1: I bet someone makes edible toothpicks out of I bet 185 00:13:27,080 --> 00:13:31,400 Speaker 1: heck and heck in something. Um, maybe like a good 186 00:13:31,520 --> 00:13:33,760 Speaker 1: I bet you could make like a like a decent 187 00:13:33,960 --> 00:13:37,280 Speaker 1: enough like cracker situation, or maybe some kind of veggie 188 00:13:37,280 --> 00:13:42,920 Speaker 1: spear like a carrot a carrot stick. Yeah, I bet 189 00:13:42,960 --> 00:13:48,600 Speaker 1: you could. Okay, future experimentation, Yeah, let us know in 190 00:13:48,600 --> 00:13:52,920 Speaker 1: the mean one encounter this, we do have some numbers 191 00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:56,200 Speaker 1: for you. Uh huh. A single birch tree can be 192 00:13:56,240 --> 00:14:02,760 Speaker 1: made into about four million toothpicks. Wow. Yeah, dang um 193 00:14:02,760 --> 00:14:06,840 Speaker 1: At its peak, Strong Maine, the toothpick capital of the world, 194 00:14:06,920 --> 00:14:11,559 Speaker 1: as it was once called, manufactured of America's wooden toothpicks. 195 00:14:11,920 --> 00:14:14,800 Speaker 1: During World War Two, they were making over seventy five 196 00:14:15,080 --> 00:14:24,320 Speaker 1: billion annually. That's wild, that's wild, m Um. Modern birch 197 00:14:24,640 --> 00:14:28,200 Speaker 1: flat toothpicks can be punched out at a rate of 198 00:14:28,320 --> 00:14:34,240 Speaker 1: eight thousand per minute, and processing facilities can handle about 199 00:14:35,080 --> 00:14:39,480 Speaker 1: seven hundred forty seven thousand, five hundred toothpicks an hour, 200 00:14:40,920 --> 00:14:49,080 Speaker 1: or about twenty million a day. Wow. That's a lot 201 00:14:49,080 --> 00:14:53,920 Speaker 1: of toothpicks. A lot of toothpicks. Wow. Um. There is 202 00:14:53,960 --> 00:14:57,160 Speaker 1: a specially shop in Tokyo, Japan that has been producing 203 00:14:57,240 --> 00:15:00,800 Speaker 1: high quality toothpicks for over three hundred years, according to 204 00:15:00,840 --> 00:15:04,200 Speaker 1: their site, which I had to access via Google translates. Okay, 205 00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:07,560 Speaker 1: so yeah, a little grain of salt there. But according 206 00:15:07,600 --> 00:15:10,760 Speaker 1: to the Google translated site, only about four hundred of 207 00:15:10,760 --> 00:15:14,000 Speaker 1: these toothpicks can be made a day by a skilled 208 00:15:14,200 --> 00:15:19,760 Speaker 1: craftsman or skilled craftsman or craftsman. I was unsure it 209 00:15:19,840 --> 00:15:25,040 Speaker 1: was multiple people or sings all right, yeah, because they 210 00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:28,040 Speaker 1: really didn't go into the specifics of what of any 211 00:15:28,080 --> 00:15:31,480 Speaker 1: of that. Um. And another statistic they claim a craftsman 212 00:15:31,520 --> 00:15:35,280 Speaker 1: can make two thousand confectionary toothpicks a day. Because they 213 00:15:35,400 --> 00:15:38,920 Speaker 1: kind of differentiate between what's used to clean your teeth 214 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:43,520 Speaker 1: and what's just to use alright, get confections. Sure, m hmm. 215 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:46,680 Speaker 1: This is a dated number, but according to the CDC 216 00:15:46,880 --> 00:15:50,680 Speaker 1: from nineteen night two, there were around eight thousand one 217 00:15:51,160 --> 00:15:55,880 Speaker 1: toothpick related injuries in the US per year. Oh no, 218 00:15:56,840 --> 00:16:03,480 Speaker 1: oh too related injuries. Be very careful. Um uh. There 219 00:16:03,520 --> 00:16:09,040 Speaker 1: are a number of world records regarding toothpicks. Here. I 220 00:16:09,120 --> 00:16:11,720 Speaker 1: picked a few of my favorites because if you really 221 00:16:11,720 --> 00:16:18,920 Speaker 1: start going, you can really go. Um so so yeah, okay, um. 222 00:16:18,960 --> 00:16:24,160 Speaker 1: The most toothpicks placed in a beard is three thousand, 223 00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:31,240 Speaker 1: five hundred whoa, Yeah, that was achieved after three hours 224 00:16:31,240 --> 00:16:35,160 Speaker 1: and thirteen minutes of work. Wow. Yeah, how do you 225 00:16:35,200 --> 00:16:41,960 Speaker 1: get them out? I very carefully. I it's really The 226 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:44,520 Speaker 1: photographs are really cool, like the guy or I'm not 227 00:16:44,560 --> 00:16:46,240 Speaker 1: sure if cool is quite the right word for it, 228 00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:48,560 Speaker 1: but very interesting, Like the guy just looks like his 229 00:16:48,640 --> 00:16:58,720 Speaker 1: face is like made out of h hedgehogs. That's pretty cool. Um. Meanwhile, 230 00:16:58,960 --> 00:17:02,040 Speaker 1: the most toothpicks put into a beard in a single 231 00:17:02,120 --> 00:17:07,280 Speaker 1: minute is sixty two. That the person, like the same 232 00:17:07,320 --> 00:17:10,119 Speaker 1: person who's beard it is doing it. Yeah, yeah, and 233 00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:12,080 Speaker 1: I think it's the same dude who who got both 234 00:17:12,119 --> 00:17:15,600 Speaker 1: of those records. Oh so he's okay, yeah, he's really 235 00:17:15,600 --> 00:17:24,840 Speaker 1: going yeah, okay. Um, the most toothpicks rotated in one's 236 00:17:24,920 --> 00:17:33,800 Speaker 1: mouth simultaneously, um is sixty six toothpicks. That sounds to 237 00:17:33,880 --> 00:17:41,520 Speaker 1: interest to me. Heck. Um toothpick sculptures, um. The tallest 238 00:17:41,720 --> 00:17:45,639 Speaker 1: toothpick sculpture on record was five point oh nine meters 239 00:17:45,760 --> 00:17:49,679 Speaker 1: that's sixteen point seven ft. Um. I'm not sure what 240 00:17:49,760 --> 00:17:55,800 Speaker 1: it was of. Uh. The smallest toothpick sculpture was a 241 00:17:55,840 --> 00:17:59,440 Speaker 1: replica of the Empire State Building that was made from 242 00:17:59,440 --> 00:18:04,359 Speaker 1: a single toothpick, and it stood nineteen point eight six 243 00:18:04,440 --> 00:18:09,919 Speaker 1: millimeters that's about zero point seven eight inches. Was it 244 00:18:10,000 --> 00:18:15,200 Speaker 1: just a toothpick? No, it's all carved, it was all 245 00:18:16,440 --> 00:18:20,679 Speaker 1: it was all like, yeah, I'm just imagining somebody showing 246 00:18:20,720 --> 00:18:23,480 Speaker 1: up like been lack here it is, I have made 247 00:18:24,520 --> 00:18:28,120 Speaker 1: this tower the Empire states. Don't you see the likeness? 248 00:18:29,920 --> 00:18:36,760 Speaker 1: I mean it's not incorrect. Alright, alright, alright. Some have 249 00:18:36,800 --> 00:18:40,800 Speaker 1: written about the villainization of the toothpick, how it's used 250 00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:43,480 Speaker 1: to signify a villain or perhaps someone who is just 251 00:18:44,240 --> 00:18:48,160 Speaker 1: not the best, maybe up to no good, but unsavory. Yes, 252 00:18:48,560 --> 00:18:51,159 Speaker 1: but on the other hand, how at some points it 253 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:55,280 Speaker 1: has also been a symbol of like coolness. Yeah, that 254 00:18:55,359 --> 00:18:58,919 Speaker 1: like James Dean kind of thing. Yes, exactly, And this 255 00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:02,159 Speaker 1: is a part of Las Lows. Jackie daytona disguise in 256 00:19:02,560 --> 00:19:05,080 Speaker 1: the show What We Do in the Shadows on f 257 00:19:05,520 --> 00:19:09,080 Speaker 1: X where he puts in the toothpick, and it's when 258 00:19:09,119 --> 00:19:12,840 Speaker 1: he removes the toothpick that Jim the vampire slash Mark 259 00:19:12,880 --> 00:19:17,359 Speaker 1: Camel sees that he is truly a vampire. Yea, guys, 260 00:19:17,440 --> 00:19:19,600 Speaker 1: is him for what he is and that he is not, 261 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:23,280 Speaker 1: in fact a what is it normal human bartender? Yeah? 262 00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:29,080 Speaker 1: Nor Yes, that episode is so good. I highly recommend it. 263 00:19:29,760 --> 00:19:34,280 Speaker 1: That's just one example of many of the toothpick and 264 00:19:34,359 --> 00:19:37,959 Speaker 1: we'll we'll talk about more examples in our history section. 265 00:19:38,040 --> 00:19:39,800 Speaker 1: Oh we will, and we're going to get into that 266 00:19:39,840 --> 00:19:41,359 Speaker 1: as soon as we get back from a quick break 267 00:19:41,359 --> 00:19:54,040 Speaker 1: forward from our sponsors and we're back. Thank you sponsors, Yes, 268 00:19:54,080 --> 00:19:59,840 Speaker 1: thank you. So there's been surprisingly a lot of academic 269 00:20:00,119 --> 00:20:06,520 Speaker 1: quoreento toothpicks. Yeah, it's amazing. Yeah, toothpicks go way back, 270 00:20:07,480 --> 00:20:10,640 Speaker 1: they do. So the consensus is that humans have probably 271 00:20:10,680 --> 00:20:14,520 Speaker 1: been using tools to pick their teeth since pretty much forever, 272 00:20:15,160 --> 00:20:18,239 Speaker 1: anthropologists suggests that the grooves on the teeth of some 273 00:20:18,359 --> 00:20:23,000 Speaker 1: Neanderthal remains um were made by the use of roughly crafted, 274 00:20:23,080 --> 00:20:27,320 Speaker 1: rudimentary toothpicks, most likely constructive of stiff grass or something 275 00:20:27,359 --> 00:20:32,240 Speaker 1: like that. In two c E. A tyrant of Syracuse 276 00:20:32,440 --> 00:20:36,840 Speaker 1: named Agatholes allegedly was killed after using a poison soaked 277 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:46,719 Speaker 1: toothpick toothpick intrigue, and according to popular legend and ancient 278 00:20:46,840 --> 00:20:51,320 Speaker 1: Roman times, Emperor Nero allegedly also entered a dining hall 279 00:20:51,400 --> 00:20:55,040 Speaker 1: with a silver toothpick in his mouth. And indeed, throughout history, 280 00:20:55,080 --> 00:20:57,800 Speaker 1: toothpicks have been made of all kinds of fancy materials 281 00:20:57,880 --> 00:21:01,439 Speaker 1: and in all kinds of shapes. And yeah, I remember 282 00:21:01,480 --> 00:21:05,879 Speaker 1: this was a befour standardized toothbrushes, toothpaste, and floss. So 283 00:21:05,960 --> 00:21:08,600 Speaker 1: many of our past topics we've covered were at one 284 00:21:08,720 --> 00:21:12,560 Speaker 1: time used as breath fresheners. For instance, this was something 285 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:16,080 Speaker 1: that was on people's minds. Uh. And as long as 286 00:21:16,160 --> 00:21:19,080 Speaker 1: humans have been eating, and perhaps specifically meat, which human 287 00:21:19,119 --> 00:21:22,600 Speaker 1: teeth are not necessarily well designed for, we've been looking 288 00:21:22,640 --> 00:21:25,400 Speaker 1: for ways to keep our mouths, if not clean then 289 00:21:25,480 --> 00:21:31,720 Speaker 1: not like outright decay. Yes, mm hmmm. The toothpick is 290 00:21:31,760 --> 00:21:35,520 Speaker 1: one of the earliest non lithic tools used by hominids 291 00:21:35,560 --> 00:21:37,720 Speaker 1: that we know of, and picking one's teeth has been 292 00:21:37,760 --> 00:21:42,080 Speaker 1: called one of our oldest habits. According to a few sources, 293 00:21:42,119 --> 00:21:45,640 Speaker 1: toothpicks really took off in Japan during the Edo period 294 00:21:45,840 --> 00:21:49,680 Speaker 1: um the early to mid sixteen hundred. Specifically, later, some 295 00:21:49,720 --> 00:21:53,120 Speaker 1: toothpicks in Japan were inscribed with fortunes, and in one 296 00:21:53,160 --> 00:21:55,879 Speaker 1: region there was a tradition of getting sind Bay crackers 297 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:59,720 Speaker 1: with a fortune wrapped toothpick inside, which made way for 298 00:22:00,320 --> 00:22:04,440 Speaker 1: the fortune cookie, which is a different episode. Oh yes, 299 00:22:04,560 --> 00:22:07,679 Speaker 1: oh absolutely, I thought that was Yeah, I thought that 300 00:22:07,720 --> 00:22:11,280 Speaker 1: was interesting. I just got I got a fortune cookie lately, 301 00:22:11,320 --> 00:22:13,199 Speaker 1: and what did it say it? I was offended. I 302 00:22:13,280 --> 00:22:20,119 Speaker 1: was like, I don't need your judgment cookie, Okay. It 303 00:22:20,240 --> 00:22:23,440 Speaker 1: was basically like get your act together or else. Wow, 304 00:22:24,000 --> 00:22:26,320 Speaker 1: Like if I had wanted, if I wanted that kind 305 00:22:26,359 --> 00:22:29,439 Speaker 1: of read, I would have gone to my tarot cards 306 00:22:29,520 --> 00:22:34,159 Speaker 1: or something that's right, right, like pardons. You didn't have 307 00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:37,320 Speaker 1: to come for me that hard cookie. I know, I know. 308 00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:39,280 Speaker 1: I tried to like crumple it up and throw it away. 309 00:22:39,280 --> 00:22:46,040 Speaker 1: But it's so light that nothing that happened, oh my goodness, 310 00:22:46,320 --> 00:22:52,280 Speaker 1: during it. Well, records indicate that an order of Portuguese 311 00:22:52,359 --> 00:22:55,840 Speaker 1: nuns in the sixteenth century made money making a treat 312 00:22:55,840 --> 00:22:58,440 Speaker 1: that was a sticky treat, sticky to the fingers, it 313 00:22:58,480 --> 00:23:01,600 Speaker 1: got lodged in the teeth, so they further supported themselves 314 00:23:01,640 --> 00:23:04,639 Speaker 1: by selling toothpicks in order for people to pick up 315 00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:11,520 Speaker 1: the goods out the remaining debris in their teeth. It's clever, um, 316 00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:14,480 Speaker 1: and some sources do suggest that a whole etiquette around 317 00:23:14,520 --> 00:23:17,000 Speaker 1: when and where to use toothpicks arose around this time 318 00:23:17,000 --> 00:23:19,720 Speaker 1: in Europe. I tried to access this because I desperately 319 00:23:19,720 --> 00:23:21,760 Speaker 1: wanted to know more, but it was a page I 320 00:23:21,760 --> 00:23:25,119 Speaker 1: couldn't get to it. Um. I believe that that is true. 321 00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:27,320 Speaker 1: That just makes sense to me that there was rules 322 00:23:27,359 --> 00:23:30,560 Speaker 1: around it. But of course, yeah, I couldn't get any 323 00:23:30,640 --> 00:23:35,479 Speaker 1: more specific than that. Uh. And those grooves we mentioned earlier, 324 00:23:35,480 --> 00:23:39,000 Speaker 1: those grooves on the teeth of the Neanderthals, They have 325 00:23:39,119 --> 00:23:44,200 Speaker 1: been puzzling anthropologists for years, but at least by nineteen eleven, 326 00:23:44,359 --> 00:23:47,720 Speaker 1: a French anthropologist was suggesting that they were caused by 327 00:23:47,920 --> 00:23:51,320 Speaker 1: toothpicks and it should be noted the Neanderthals sporting these 328 00:23:51,320 --> 00:23:55,879 Speaker 1: grooves were uncovered all over Indigenous Australians, Native Americans, Canary Islanders, 329 00:23:55,920 --> 00:23:58,720 Speaker 1: and Upper Dynastic Egyptians, to name a few. That the 330 00:23:58,760 --> 00:24:02,560 Speaker 1: oldest known examples are from Africa. A tooth from an 331 00:24:02,600 --> 00:24:05,679 Speaker 1: archaeological site in Ethiopia with these grooves. It's estimated to 332 00:24:05,720 --> 00:24:12,119 Speaker 1: be nearly two million years old. I know. However, some 333 00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:15,040 Speaker 1: argue that even a lifetime of use of toothpicks could 334 00:24:15,119 --> 00:24:18,960 Speaker 1: not have caused those grooves, and that's something else must 335 00:24:19,040 --> 00:24:22,160 Speaker 1: have been the cause. Um. They suggest perhaps the toothpicks 336 00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:24,119 Speaker 1: were used to relive tooth pain. And then I know, 337 00:24:24,160 --> 00:24:27,400 Speaker 1: I saw another argument that was saying, like, just by 338 00:24:27,440 --> 00:24:31,120 Speaker 1: the nature of these rudimentary toothpicks, it would take more 339 00:24:31,240 --> 00:24:34,520 Speaker 1: force over time, and so you'd be digging deeper and 340 00:24:34,560 --> 00:24:38,160 Speaker 1: deeper as you use them, the more you used them. 341 00:24:39,040 --> 00:24:43,280 Speaker 1: So I don't know, there's still discussion and debate, and 342 00:24:43,320 --> 00:24:49,320 Speaker 1: I tell you, people are really looking into this, so yeah, yeah, yeah, no, no, 343 00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:51,520 Speaker 1: I mean because the study of dental hygiene through the 344 00:24:51,520 --> 00:24:54,119 Speaker 1: ages is interesting to a lot of a lot of 345 00:24:54,119 --> 00:24:56,960 Speaker 1: different people, and right, and you know, like like I 346 00:24:57,240 --> 00:24:59,440 Speaker 1: just did an episode over and brainstuff about the history 347 00:24:59,480 --> 00:25:02,800 Speaker 1: of toothpag past and how yeah, and how it inter 348 00:25:03,040 --> 00:25:08,720 Speaker 1: intersects with um these right, these handheld tooth related tools 349 00:25:09,400 --> 00:25:14,480 Speaker 1: like early early brush type things or or yeah, stuff 350 00:25:14,480 --> 00:25:18,119 Speaker 1: with fibrous type things that people were using. So yeah, 351 00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:24,160 Speaker 1: really interesting. Yeah, yeah, for sure as the fascinating research 352 00:25:24,240 --> 00:25:28,840 Speaker 1: for for real. Uh. The American industrial toothpick industry took 353 00:25:28,880 --> 00:25:31,320 Speaker 1: off in the nineteenth century and it's largely credited to 354 00:25:31,400 --> 00:25:35,320 Speaker 1: Boston businessman Charles Forrester, who was born in eighteen twenty 355 00:25:35,400 --> 00:25:37,960 Speaker 1: six to a rich family in New England. The story 356 00:25:38,040 --> 00:25:41,400 Speaker 1: goes that while working for his importer exporter uncle in Brazil, 357 00:25:41,880 --> 00:25:45,320 Speaker 1: he noticed that the indigenous Brazilians had excellent teeth and 358 00:25:45,359 --> 00:25:48,520 Speaker 1: he thought it was due to these handcrafted toothpicks that 359 00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:52,080 Speaker 1: they were using. UM and this was during the Industrial 360 00:25:52,119 --> 00:25:54,919 Speaker 1: revolution ish, so he got the idea to mass reduce 361 00:25:55,280 --> 00:26:00,440 Speaker 1: toothpicks and export and sell them to South America. While 362 00:26:00,480 --> 00:26:04,480 Speaker 1: he wasn't the most knowledgeable and the actual engineering arena, 363 00:26:04,600 --> 00:26:08,000 Speaker 1: he was very very business happy and was able to 364 00:26:08,000 --> 00:26:10,880 Speaker 1: get a patent and essentially a monopoly on toothpicks here 365 00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:14,919 Speaker 1: in the US. He took inspiration from shoemaking technology, and 366 00:26:14,960 --> 00:26:18,600 Speaker 1: by eighteen seventy his factory was turning out millions of 367 00:26:18,720 --> 00:26:24,280 Speaker 1: toothpicks a day. However, he still struggled at times to 368 00:26:24,320 --> 00:26:28,160 Speaker 1: find a market. Many just whittled their own toothpicks when 369 00:26:28,160 --> 00:26:31,520 Speaker 1: needed uh and didn't see the point in purchasing something 370 00:26:31,560 --> 00:26:35,399 Speaker 1: that they could have just made, especially something that was 371 00:26:35,440 --> 00:26:39,720 Speaker 1: a one time use item. So to sell his product, 372 00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:43,800 Speaker 1: Forrester paid Harvard students to go around to restaurants and 373 00:26:43,840 --> 00:26:48,840 Speaker 1: retail locations asking for toothpicks, sometimes causing quite a fuss 374 00:26:49,280 --> 00:26:54,200 Speaker 1: when two picks weren't available, and low and behold, um, 375 00:26:54,280 --> 00:26:58,560 Speaker 1: Forrester would show up in the next few days offering 376 00:26:58,640 --> 00:27:03,879 Speaker 1: his weares, offering his toothpicks. To really seal the deal, 377 00:27:04,040 --> 00:27:07,760 Speaker 1: the same students would return once the toothpicks had been purchased, 378 00:27:08,080 --> 00:27:11,719 Speaker 1: to ask for them. Yeah and I and I read that, um, 379 00:27:11,720 --> 00:27:15,040 Speaker 1: when they were purchasing like boxes from retail locations. The 380 00:27:15,200 --> 00:27:17,720 Speaker 1: students with that immediately, you know, like like they would 381 00:27:17,760 --> 00:27:20,240 Speaker 1: be purchasing them with money that Forrester had given them, 382 00:27:20,280 --> 00:27:22,359 Speaker 1: and then they would just go back and hand the 383 00:27:22,400 --> 00:27:26,480 Speaker 1: toothpicks back to Forrester, and so it was a circle 384 00:27:26,520 --> 00:27:30,640 Speaker 1: of toothpicks, the great circle of toothpicks, so we all 385 00:27:30,640 --> 00:27:36,080 Speaker 1: know it. And through this Forrester really helped make the 386 00:27:36,160 --> 00:27:39,720 Speaker 1: toothpick into something that was viewed as integral to the 387 00:27:39,760 --> 00:27:44,320 Speaker 1: American dining experience. It was seen as ritualistic and cool 388 00:27:44,440 --> 00:27:48,520 Speaker 1: and accessory and a sign of status um. It suggested 389 00:27:48,560 --> 00:27:52,280 Speaker 1: that the toothpick tour could afford to dine at a 390 00:27:52,480 --> 00:27:57,480 Speaker 1: nice restaurant. Through all this, there were still um a 391 00:27:57,560 --> 00:28:00,800 Speaker 1: reusable toothpicks out there on the market as part of 392 00:28:00,840 --> 00:28:04,680 Speaker 1: people's like personal like hygiene kits or or personal carry 393 00:28:04,760 --> 00:28:08,680 Speaker 1: kits um. In the eighties, UH surrounding all of this, 394 00:28:08,840 --> 00:28:11,800 Speaker 1: there was an article in Harper's Bazaar that advised readers 395 00:28:11,840 --> 00:28:14,679 Speaker 1: to avoid gold or silver toothpicks as they could scratch 396 00:28:14,720 --> 00:28:18,040 Speaker 1: your tooth in animal um, and to avoid ivory toothpicks 397 00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:23,040 Speaker 1: because those were unsanitary, but was promoting these disposable wooden 398 00:28:23,119 --> 00:28:27,800 Speaker 1: toothpicks and quills um and recommended using them quickly and 399 00:28:27,840 --> 00:28:31,119 Speaker 1: without drawing any unnecessary attention. You know, don't make any noise, 400 00:28:31,240 --> 00:28:32,960 Speaker 1: don't like try to like hide your mouth with a 401 00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:34,720 Speaker 1: napkin while you're doing it, Just do it and be 402 00:28:34,720 --> 00:28:42,480 Speaker 1: done with it. Don't draw attention to your toothpick. Yeah yeah, Well, 403 00:28:42,920 --> 00:28:46,400 Speaker 1: on the other side of the spectrum, later in films, 404 00:28:46,480 --> 00:28:50,240 Speaker 1: toothpicks and using toothpicks could represent a menacing villain or 405 00:28:50,240 --> 00:28:53,840 Speaker 1: an extension of the strong, brooding hero. It was an 406 00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:56,600 Speaker 1: item actors could use to emphasize a point or to 407 00:28:56,680 --> 00:28:59,480 Speaker 1: simply give a character an outlet to express an emotion. 408 00:29:00,800 --> 00:29:05,440 Speaker 1: At his peak, Forrester was producing five million toothpicks a year, 409 00:29:05,880 --> 00:29:08,760 Speaker 1: and several competitors started up in the state of Maine 410 00:29:08,840 --> 00:29:14,720 Speaker 1: in response, including Strong Main. Yes. Later, the toothpick Capital 411 00:29:14,720 --> 00:29:18,880 Speaker 1: of the World bore on that later and in The 412 00:29:18,880 --> 00:29:21,480 Speaker 1: New York Times published an editorial about the author's dismay 413 00:29:21,520 --> 00:29:26,520 Speaker 1: of women using toothpicks I know, writing that women quote 414 00:29:26,800 --> 00:29:29,720 Speaker 1: cannot feel at ease on rising in the morning unless 415 00:29:29,760 --> 00:29:34,560 Speaker 1: they consume two or three toothpicks before breakfast. Gosh, the 416 00:29:34,600 --> 00:29:38,040 Speaker 1: women of our day boldly using toothpicks. How dare they 417 00:29:39,480 --> 00:29:45,960 Speaker 1: boldly going? We're no toothpicks before my oh my? Well. 418 00:29:46,000 --> 00:29:49,040 Speaker 1: I actually was confused when I first read the article, 419 00:29:49,040 --> 00:29:52,320 Speaker 1: because I was like, is this negative? And then someone 420 00:29:53,080 --> 00:29:58,480 Speaker 1: kindly explained in Okay, they're just using a lot of toothpicks, 421 00:29:59,480 --> 00:30:09,080 Speaker 1: acting like men used having dental hygiene. How dare they ridiculous? Ridiculous? Um? 422 00:30:09,120 --> 00:30:12,280 Speaker 1: And yes. At certain points throughout the nineteenth and twentieth century, 423 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:15,640 Speaker 1: toothpicks were viewed as a sign of rudeness and or 424 00:30:15,840 --> 00:30:21,800 Speaker 1: poor health. Yeah. Um. Meanwhile, in nineteen o four, uh 425 00:30:22,040 --> 00:30:27,560 Speaker 1: Forster showed off his fancy round toothpicks at the St. 426 00:30:27,560 --> 00:30:34,480 Speaker 1: Louis World's Fair. Oh. According to one source, I read 427 00:30:34,680 --> 00:30:37,960 Speaker 1: Mother's wrapping a toothpick with cotton to swab a baby's 428 00:30:37,960 --> 00:30:40,240 Speaker 1: ears and nose may have led to the invention of 429 00:30:40,280 --> 00:30:44,360 Speaker 1: the Q tip in the nineteen twenties. It was a 430 00:30:44,360 --> 00:30:47,920 Speaker 1: really interesting article. It was about how the toothpick lends 431 00:30:47,960 --> 00:30:50,360 Speaker 1: itself to a lot of different uses and have in 432 00:30:50,400 --> 00:30:55,360 Speaker 1: that way sort of led to other things to be invented. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, 433 00:30:55,400 --> 00:30:58,840 Speaker 1: And I've I have seen that fact in separate articles 434 00:30:58,920 --> 00:31:05,120 Speaker 1: about key tips before. So who knows, mm hmm. At 435 00:31:05,120 --> 00:31:09,160 Speaker 1: some point during World War Two, facing supply shortages of 436 00:31:09,200 --> 00:31:11,960 Speaker 1: many different things, um, the U. S Department of Commerce 437 00:31:12,120 --> 00:31:17,040 Speaker 1: called a conference to standardize American toothpick sizes. It was like, 438 00:31:17,120 --> 00:31:22,600 Speaker 1: no more of these wastefully large toothpicks. And that is 439 00:31:22,640 --> 00:31:27,240 Speaker 1: how apparently we wound up with the then standard at 440 00:31:27,240 --> 00:31:30,880 Speaker 1: any rate of two inch length for round toothpicks and 441 00:31:30,920 --> 00:31:36,640 Speaker 1: a two point three seven five inch length for flat toothpicks. Wow, 442 00:31:37,320 --> 00:31:42,160 Speaker 1: all right, I like specificity. Yeah, I'm intrigued by where 443 00:31:42,160 --> 00:31:47,440 Speaker 1: it comes from, but I like it. And then in 444 00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:53,959 Speaker 1: author Sherwood Anderson died from complications after swallowing a toothpick 445 00:31:54,160 --> 00:31:58,120 Speaker 1: on a cruise. Um, it's unsure if it was a 446 00:31:58,120 --> 00:32:00,400 Speaker 1: food or drink item that was the cause up because 447 00:32:00,400 --> 00:32:03,360 Speaker 1: I read something that said it was like a sausage situation, 448 00:32:03,400 --> 00:32:05,840 Speaker 1: and I read something that was a cocktail drink, So 449 00:32:05,880 --> 00:32:10,040 Speaker 1: I'm not sure. Um, but whatever the case was, toothpicks 450 00:32:10,960 --> 00:32:13,160 Speaker 1: were they were. This was around the time they were 451 00:32:13,200 --> 00:32:15,320 Speaker 1: showing up in cocktails, so that might be one of 452 00:32:15,320 --> 00:32:17,480 Speaker 1: the reasons. People were like, that's definitely what it was. 453 00:32:20,440 --> 00:32:24,840 Speaker 1: But yeah, some believe that President Warren G. Harding, a 454 00:32:24,920 --> 00:32:30,160 Speaker 1: frequent toothpick to her, also died via toothpick. So yeah, 455 00:32:30,160 --> 00:32:36,640 Speaker 1: I watch out, don't yeh, don't mess. And yes, once 456 00:32:36,680 --> 00:32:40,760 Speaker 1: the toothpick capital of the world. Strong mans last American 457 00:32:40,840 --> 00:32:46,680 Speaker 1: Wooden toothpick factory closed in two thousand and three, just 458 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:52,920 Speaker 1: not as much demand for the toothpick. I don't have 459 00:32:53,000 --> 00:33:03,160 Speaker 1: conflicting thoughts conflicted, but the history is certainly interesting. So cool. Yeah, 460 00:33:03,320 --> 00:33:06,280 Speaker 1: it was a fun one. I recommend the fancy toothpick 461 00:33:06,360 --> 00:33:10,560 Speaker 1: rabbit hole. Ah, there's some really great images out there. 462 00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:14,760 Speaker 1: And if any of you have any fancy toothpicks, oh 463 00:33:14,800 --> 00:33:19,360 Speaker 1: my gosh, you've got to let us know. Yes, we 464 00:33:19,400 --> 00:33:25,200 Speaker 1: would love so much to hear about your toothpick pleasure 465 00:33:25,240 --> 00:33:30,640 Speaker 1: in pain. Yes, you also have toothpick trauma. You can 466 00:33:30,720 --> 00:33:35,960 Speaker 1: call that though. But in the meantime, we do have 467 00:33:36,000 --> 00:33:38,840 Speaker 1: some listener mail for you. But first we've got one 468 00:33:38,840 --> 00:33:49,720 Speaker 1: more quick break for a word from our sponsors, and 469 00:33:49,760 --> 00:33:52,960 Speaker 1: we're back. Thank you sponsored, Yes, thank you, We're back 470 00:33:53,000 --> 00:34:05,240 Speaker 1: with meal. A very violent listener mail that was you 471 00:34:05,280 --> 00:34:08,640 Speaker 1: should have seen the hand, yesters, listeners, it was very intense. 472 00:34:09,120 --> 00:34:11,920 Speaker 1: It was quite intense. There was a look in my eyes. 473 00:34:12,200 --> 00:34:18,440 Speaker 1: I was glad we were over Skype. Um, I we 474 00:34:18,520 --> 00:34:20,720 Speaker 1: should we should start this one. We want to thank 475 00:34:21,680 --> 00:34:27,680 Speaker 1: some listeners, mysterious listeners who sent us marzipan. We got 476 00:34:27,719 --> 00:34:31,120 Speaker 1: two packages of marzipan. There was no name on the packages. 477 00:34:31,120 --> 00:34:32,600 Speaker 1: If I don't heard from the same person, they just 478 00:34:32,640 --> 00:34:37,919 Speaker 1: came at different times, I'm not sure, but thank you. Yes, yes, yes, 479 00:34:38,080 --> 00:34:41,040 Speaker 1: so I we got to try it. I got my 480 00:34:41,080 --> 00:34:45,440 Speaker 1: first taste the shapes. They're so cute. They're little fruits 481 00:34:45,520 --> 00:34:48,640 Speaker 1: and oranges and limes, and I really enjoyed it. I 482 00:34:48,680 --> 00:34:52,719 Speaker 1: liked the texture a lot um and I'm very excited 483 00:34:52,840 --> 00:34:55,560 Speaker 1: to share these. We've got some decent We've got a 484 00:34:55,560 --> 00:34:59,759 Speaker 1: decent number of marzipan uh to share to don't else 485 00:35:01,040 --> 00:35:04,120 Speaker 1: very exciting, So thank you, yes, And also I really 486 00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:07,400 Speaker 1: appreciate how many listeners wrote in. I got a confession 487 00:35:07,440 --> 00:35:12,560 Speaker 1: to make. I guess I don't know how to work Instagram. 488 00:35:12,680 --> 00:35:15,120 Speaker 1: I logged in there today and I thought I'd been 489 00:35:15,160 --> 00:35:18,840 Speaker 1: like keeping pretty regularly, like answering. I guess I just 490 00:35:18,920 --> 00:35:21,840 Speaker 1: didn't realize there was that whole other, like third tab 491 00:35:21,960 --> 00:35:25,920 Speaker 1: that was you know, unknown, like you should check and 492 00:35:26,000 --> 00:35:29,640 Speaker 1: see whether you know this person answering messages that were 493 00:35:29,680 --> 00:35:34,919 Speaker 1: from like two years ago. But I appreciated how many 494 00:35:34,920 --> 00:35:38,279 Speaker 1: of you wrote in as I was diving into that, 495 00:35:38,360 --> 00:35:40,840 Speaker 1: about how you loved the Mars band Hedgehog, how you 496 00:35:40,840 --> 00:35:42,600 Speaker 1: stopped and looked it up and loved the Mars ban 497 00:35:46,040 --> 00:35:50,520 Speaker 1: because it is glorious. Yes, it is absolutely glorious. Al right, 498 00:35:50,640 --> 00:35:54,279 Speaker 1: So Leslie sent a picture of some peanut butter uh 499 00:35:54,560 --> 00:36:00,200 Speaker 1: for the recent National Peanut Butter Day and wrote one 500 00:36:00,239 --> 00:36:02,279 Speaker 1: goes out to you Annie. Also, did you know the 501 00:36:02,320 --> 00:36:05,560 Speaker 1: Peanut Butter Council has a spoon that is engraved with 502 00:36:05,719 --> 00:36:08,399 Speaker 1: peanut butter is my favorite food group? I got one. 503 00:36:08,360 --> 00:36:11,799 Speaker 1: I had a kit recently and thought of you. We 504 00:36:11,920 --> 00:36:16,160 Speaker 1: currently have four peanut butters in my house creamy, crunchy, honey, 505 00:36:16,239 --> 00:36:20,080 Speaker 1: roasted creamy, all Peter Pan because the spouse has opinions 506 00:36:20,080 --> 00:36:23,680 Speaker 1: on peanut butter brand, and a jar of big spoon 507 00:36:23,760 --> 00:36:26,880 Speaker 1: nut butters. In Durham there was a jar of regular 508 00:36:26,920 --> 00:36:29,279 Speaker 1: peanut butter in the hotel room we stayed in on 509 00:36:29,280 --> 00:36:32,360 Speaker 1: our wedding night, near the mini fridge, and of course 510 00:36:32,719 --> 00:36:34,880 Speaker 1: one of our friends opened it, so we had to 511 00:36:34,920 --> 00:36:42,759 Speaker 1: take it and the salted peanuts. Yes, yes to all 512 00:36:42,840 --> 00:36:45,239 Speaker 1: the peanut butter, Yes to peanut butter on the wedding night, 513 00:36:46,080 --> 00:36:49,120 Speaker 1: Yes to peanut butter opinions and in all of these 514 00:36:49,120 --> 00:36:52,160 Speaker 1: different types. I know Joe have at least twenty peanut 515 00:36:52,160 --> 00:36:54,360 Speaker 1: butter right now due to circumstances that we're kind of 516 00:36:54,400 --> 00:36:58,520 Speaker 1: out of my control, but I'm not mad about it. 517 00:36:58,560 --> 00:37:01,600 Speaker 1: Is that is that? Also? Uh due to the National 518 00:37:01,640 --> 00:37:05,799 Speaker 1: Peanut Council. Okay, yeah, oh y'all, we got to take 519 00:37:05,840 --> 00:37:09,200 Speaker 1: this amazing field trip that the that the Peanut Council sponsored, 520 00:37:09,200 --> 00:37:11,440 Speaker 1: and got to go out to Alabama and uh and 521 00:37:11,520 --> 00:37:15,760 Speaker 1: meet some farmers and just really really interesting human people. Um, 522 00:37:15,840 --> 00:37:20,080 Speaker 1: and we got this great tape and then the world 523 00:37:20,200 --> 00:37:24,000 Speaker 1: sort of exploded, and we haven't had the capacity to 524 00:37:24,160 --> 00:37:28,080 Speaker 1: put together a little mini series from that yet. We 525 00:37:28,160 --> 00:37:32,200 Speaker 1: need to. The peanut was cool. The peanut farm machinery 526 00:37:32,440 --> 00:37:37,920 Speaker 1: was so fascinating. Yes, and and listeners. In one of 527 00:37:37,960 --> 00:37:42,239 Speaker 1: the most endearing mix ups I've ever encountered, they accidentally 528 00:37:42,320 --> 00:37:48,040 Speaker 1: hired like a party bus transport us around. So it 529 00:37:48,080 --> 00:37:50,480 Speaker 1: was a bunch of like food journalists on this party 530 00:37:50,480 --> 00:37:54,200 Speaker 1: bus in peanut fields and we it was delightful. It 531 00:37:54,320 --> 00:37:58,160 Speaker 1: was delightful. It's hard to put into words how delightful 532 00:37:58,200 --> 00:38:01,880 Speaker 1: it was. But they also sent us each a flat 533 00:38:01,960 --> 00:38:07,200 Speaker 1: of peanut butter. Yes, no, it was awesome. It was 534 00:38:07,239 --> 00:38:11,680 Speaker 1: so cool to see that was made. So hopefully one 535 00:38:11,760 --> 00:38:15,520 Speaker 1: day soon ish we can pull that together because it 536 00:38:15,640 --> 00:38:20,160 Speaker 1: was really good. Absolutely. In the meanwhile, John, who also 537 00:38:20,239 --> 00:38:23,680 Speaker 1: sent us an amazing package, wrote, I love learning more 538 00:38:23,719 --> 00:38:26,000 Speaker 1: about so many foods. Some I love, others I know 539 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:29,120 Speaker 1: a little about. I've lived in Japan for about twenty years, 540 00:38:29,160 --> 00:38:31,280 Speaker 1: and all the pop culture references give me a clue 541 00:38:31,280 --> 00:38:34,239 Speaker 1: of what's going on outside my culture. I don't get 542 00:38:34,239 --> 00:38:37,239 Speaker 1: into TV shows or movies horror. Oh gosh, no, I'm 543 00:38:37,239 --> 00:38:39,759 Speaker 1: a whimp. I can't watch that. Now I know a 544 00:38:39,760 --> 00:38:42,520 Speaker 1: bit more of what Bob's Burgers and various Star Wars 545 00:38:42,600 --> 00:38:45,960 Speaker 1: movies and more are about. And then John told us 546 00:38:45,960 --> 00:38:47,920 Speaker 1: a bit about some of the goodies he sent, along 547 00:38:47,960 --> 00:38:51,520 Speaker 1: with some other notes. Um Kodie cock, rice sprinkles. Did 548 00:38:51,560 --> 00:38:53,160 Speaker 1: Lauren mentioned that she takes a bit of photo cock 549 00:38:53,320 --> 00:38:56,080 Speaker 1: and eats it straight in an episode long ago, Yes, 550 00:38:56,120 --> 00:38:58,960 Speaker 1: I did. Uh. When I want something flavorful and savory 551 00:38:59,040 --> 00:39:01,359 Speaker 1: but don't want us ac snack, that's what I do. 552 00:39:01,719 --> 00:39:05,680 Speaker 1: Sukiyaki flavor tastes kind of like Baco's invitation bacon bits, 553 00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:08,320 Speaker 1: which I'll also eat a bit of straight. This is 554 00:39:08,360 --> 00:39:11,359 Speaker 1: my favorite flavor for eating straight. Others I put on rice. 555 00:39:11,680 --> 00:39:14,960 Speaker 1: Do as you like the Google Translate app usually does 556 00:39:15,000 --> 00:39:18,480 Speaker 1: an okay slash good job of translating Japanese. UM. The 557 00:39:18,600 --> 00:39:22,720 Speaker 1: shemy spice is from a small shop in Niko. Niko 558 00:39:22,920 --> 00:39:25,719 Speaker 1: is one of Japan's top tourust spots and just two 559 00:39:25,800 --> 00:39:28,160 Speaker 1: hours west of my home. It was a good place 560 00:39:28,200 --> 00:39:30,160 Speaker 1: to go to get most of these items for you. 561 00:39:30,719 --> 00:39:33,799 Speaker 1: I've lived in Fukushima Prefecture for four years. Proud of it. 562 00:39:34,200 --> 00:39:36,439 Speaker 1: I'm a part of a group making calendars to show 563 00:39:36,480 --> 00:39:39,440 Speaker 1: the world what Fukshima is actually like a nice place. 564 00:39:40,160 --> 00:39:43,279 Speaker 1: The back of the calendar explains the project more. This year, 565 00:39:43,360 --> 00:39:46,280 Speaker 1: my photo is on the cover from the site listed 566 00:39:46,280 --> 00:39:49,160 Speaker 1: on the last page of the calendar. Www dot This 567 00:39:49,200 --> 00:39:51,880 Speaker 1: is Fukushima dot org um. You can scroll down to 568 00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:55,560 Speaker 1: previous year's calendars and download them free as PDFs. By 569 00:39:55,560 --> 00:39:58,799 Speaker 1: the time you receive this calendar should be up on 570 00:39:58,840 --> 00:40:03,640 Speaker 1: the site. UM and then furthermore, he commented Durian the 571 00:40:03,800 --> 00:40:07,359 Speaker 1: stinky cheese slash not though of fruits, I like blue 572 00:40:07,440 --> 00:40:11,279 Speaker 1: cheese and darien. Both were acquired tastes. Not though the 573 00:40:11,320 --> 00:40:13,520 Speaker 1: texture gets me and I struggled to get it down. 574 00:40:16,560 --> 00:40:21,280 Speaker 1: I love it. Oh, I still got that Jerry ice cream, Lauren. Yeah, 575 00:40:21,280 --> 00:40:25,319 Speaker 1: I know, Oh it's gonna happen. It's gonna happen. Um. 576 00:40:25,360 --> 00:40:27,960 Speaker 1: I will say I I love I love the flavor 577 00:40:28,880 --> 00:40:32,759 Speaker 1: of um of not though I can I can understand 578 00:40:32,920 --> 00:40:36,360 Speaker 1: the texture being a thing, and I do think also 579 00:40:36,440 --> 00:40:39,440 Speaker 1: I do think like Okay, so so we had we 580 00:40:39,480 --> 00:40:42,920 Speaker 1: had that Facebook live show called snack Stuff for a while. 581 00:40:43,440 --> 00:40:46,760 Speaker 1: Annie was the producer on it, and um, Ben Bowland 582 00:40:46,800 --> 00:40:50,880 Speaker 1: and I were on camera, uh Ben Bolen from stuff 583 00:40:50,880 --> 00:40:52,719 Speaker 1: They Don't Want You to Know and stuff like that, 584 00:40:53,480 --> 00:40:56,080 Speaker 1: and and like Ben Boland and I have had some 585 00:40:56,120 --> 00:40:58,720 Speaker 1: adventures y'all. Like I mean, like we've worked pretty closely 586 00:40:58,760 --> 00:41:00,320 Speaker 1: for a number of years and we're like we're like 587 00:41:00,400 --> 00:41:04,919 Speaker 1: pretty tight. Um. I think the biggest judgment face I've 588 00:41:04,920 --> 00:41:07,359 Speaker 1: ever gotten from him was when I ate a bite 589 00:41:07,360 --> 00:41:09,560 Speaker 1: a nut though, and I was like, oh, yeah, that's fine. 590 00:41:11,680 --> 00:41:13,680 Speaker 1: He like gave me this look he was like what 591 00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:22,799 Speaker 1: kind oh inhuman monster? Are Like how how I'm not mad, 592 00:41:22,840 --> 00:41:24,880 Speaker 1: I'm just impressed. Like it was just it was like 593 00:41:24,920 --> 00:41:27,680 Speaker 1: a lot of face. I was just like, oh, okay, 594 00:41:27,800 --> 00:41:32,080 Speaker 1: heck a lot of emotions. Yeah yeah, yeah. I mean 595 00:41:32,239 --> 00:41:35,360 Speaker 1: I've had not to once and I feel like the 596 00:41:35,400 --> 00:41:38,280 Speaker 1: biggest thing I remember was that I liked the taste, 597 00:41:38,320 --> 00:41:40,440 Speaker 1: but it wasn't pain to eat like I remember it 598 00:41:40,480 --> 00:41:44,000 Speaker 1: being like it's a sort of stringy. Yeah, so yeah, 599 00:41:44,040 --> 00:41:49,359 Speaker 1: that's the whole thing. I liked the taste at any rate. Yeah, 600 00:41:49,560 --> 00:41:52,760 Speaker 1: not to in no way to shame anyone for anything 601 00:41:52,760 --> 00:41:55,600 Speaker 1: that they like or dislike. Um, it was just very funny. 602 00:41:55,680 --> 00:41:57,799 Speaker 1: I was like, really, this this is the moment, this 603 00:41:57,840 --> 00:42:01,120 Speaker 1: is the thing. Yeah, you you all ate some strange 604 00:42:03,040 --> 00:42:06,920 Speaker 1: mm hmm some items I am I will say I 605 00:42:07,000 --> 00:42:11,280 Speaker 1: was unfamiliar with and sounded strange to my particular taste. 606 00:42:12,640 --> 00:42:16,959 Speaker 1: But did that Yeah, but she did it spectacularly. Yeah, 607 00:42:17,120 --> 00:42:19,400 Speaker 1: you know, I don't. I can't think of a single 608 00:42:19,480 --> 00:42:21,360 Speaker 1: thing on there that I wouldn't that we ate on 609 00:42:21,400 --> 00:42:24,239 Speaker 1: there that I wouldn't need. Again, Um, I think my 610 00:42:24,360 --> 00:42:30,440 Speaker 1: least favorite thing was the spoiled milk flavored jellybelly. That 611 00:42:30,560 --> 00:42:32,680 Speaker 1: was That was the only thing I didn't like because 612 00:42:32,680 --> 00:42:35,320 Speaker 1: it tastes like spoil. Because it tastes like spoiled milk, 613 00:42:35,920 --> 00:42:42,239 Speaker 1: that's not good. Yeah, nobody wants that. Uh now everything else, Yeah, 614 00:42:42,520 --> 00:42:45,719 Speaker 1: I'm like, sure, that's fine. Insects, rattlesnake, yeah, do do 615 00:42:45,800 --> 00:42:49,000 Speaker 1: do do what you want that's okay. I think that 616 00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:54,879 Speaker 1: that ranch flavored soda that made my stomach turney that 617 00:42:54,920 --> 00:42:58,319 Speaker 1: made and it's not like bad. I mean it's not 618 00:42:58,360 --> 00:43:06,520 Speaker 1: like good. Uh yeah, And he's like, okay, you're being 619 00:43:06,640 --> 00:43:09,960 Speaker 1: nice about it. But sure, yeah, I mean I don't like. 620 00:43:10,520 --> 00:43:13,880 Speaker 1: That's like one of my very rare things I really avoid. 621 00:43:13,960 --> 00:43:17,480 Speaker 1: But yeah, it was fine. It's not like I did 622 00:43:17,480 --> 00:43:21,040 Speaker 1: a spittake like it was Dr Pepper or something. Um, 623 00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:24,560 Speaker 1: but it was. It was a lot. There's a lot 624 00:43:24,600 --> 00:43:32,960 Speaker 1: going on that is yes, absolutely, yes, Um, that's awesome. 625 00:43:32,960 --> 00:43:35,680 Speaker 1: About the calendar. The calendars are lovely. John sent us 626 00:43:35,680 --> 00:43:39,319 Speaker 1: a bunch of calendars, and now I'm like kind of 627 00:43:39,360 --> 00:43:42,920 Speaker 1: determined to slip in a random reference in every episode 628 00:43:42,960 --> 00:43:46,120 Speaker 1: just for you, John, so you can keep up on Yeah, 629 00:43:46,280 --> 00:43:50,680 Speaker 1: just for like our own integrity. We can keep you 630 00:43:50,760 --> 00:43:53,680 Speaker 1: up to date on the pop culture. What's going on? 631 00:43:53,840 --> 00:44:02,120 Speaker 1: Oh yes, oh yes, very specific. Yeah. Yeah, that we 632 00:44:02,200 --> 00:44:04,279 Speaker 1: got you. We got you. We'll keep you. We'll keep 633 00:44:04,320 --> 00:44:08,160 Speaker 1: you up to date. Uh. And thank you so much 634 00:44:08,160 --> 00:44:11,960 Speaker 1: again for sending the package. It was very well and 635 00:44:12,080 --> 00:44:16,080 Speaker 1: it was spread out. Everyone's very happy. Yes, um. And 636 00:44:16,239 --> 00:44:19,800 Speaker 1: thanks to both of these listeners for writing in thanks 637 00:44:19,800 --> 00:44:23,360 Speaker 1: to the mysterious Sender of the Marzipan, or senders of 638 00:44:23,440 --> 00:44:26,080 Speaker 1: the Marzipan. If you would like to write to us 639 00:44:26,080 --> 00:44:28,200 Speaker 1: that you can our email us Hello at savor pod 640 00:44:28,280 --> 00:44:31,040 Speaker 1: dot com. We're also on social media. You can find 641 00:44:31,120 --> 00:44:36,120 Speaker 1: us on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Yes all three places. 642 00:44:36,160 --> 00:44:38,400 Speaker 1: We are at savor pod and we do hope to 643 00:44:38,440 --> 00:44:40,960 Speaker 1: hear from you. Savor is production of I Heart Radio. 644 00:44:41,120 --> 00:44:43,400 Speaker 1: For more podcasts my heart Radio, you can visit the 645 00:44:43,400 --> 00:44:46,480 Speaker 1: i Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen 646 00:44:46,520 --> 00:44:49,600 Speaker 1: to your favorite shows. Thanks as always to our superproducers 647 00:44:49,680 --> 00:44:52,480 Speaker 1: Dylan Fagan and Andrew Howard. Thanks to you for listening, 648 00:44:52,520 --> 00:44:54,239 Speaker 1: and we hope that lots more good things are coming 649 00:44:54,280 --> 00:44:56,160 Speaker 1: your way.