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Speaker 1: So we all love traveling. And I can't remember if

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Speaker 1: I said this in today's classic episode, but I got

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Speaker 1: really really close to making it to Antarctica once before

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Speaker 1: my operation went bust. One day go we'll go there,

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Speaker 1: hopefully as a group. And in today's classic episode, we

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Speaker 1: ask what will people find beneath the South Pole? In

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Speaker 1: what are we talking ancient artifacts of a civilization? Are

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Speaker 1: we talking a cave system that leads down into the

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Speaker 1: depths where the others live, Perhaps alien DNA trapped in

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Speaker 1: ice cores, maybe ancient monuments or pyramids. This is a

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Speaker 1: question that is fascinating, but it also leads to some

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Speaker 1: troubling implications. Alright, so travel with us. Here we go

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Speaker 1: from UFOs two, ghosts and government cover ups, histories re

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Speaker 1: with unexplained and events. You can turn back now or

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Speaker 1: learn the stuff they don't want you to now. Welcome

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Speaker 1: back to the show. My name is Matt, I'm Ben,

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Speaker 1: and we are here as always where that our super

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Speaker 1: producer Noel the iceman Brown, Hey, Noel, So everybody, it

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Speaker 1: just on the top here. I just wanted to let

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Speaker 1: you know I got a vaccine a T DEAP. What's

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Speaker 1: a T depth specifically, it's is supposed to help you

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Speaker 1: out with tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough. And there's a

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Speaker 1: specific reason that you need to get this vaccine. That

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Speaker 1: is happening in my life. It's pretty awesome. And anyway,

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Speaker 1: I it seemed to be having some kind of reaction

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Speaker 1: that is not usually what's supposed to happen when you

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Speaker 1: get this vaccine. I had a fever of a hundred

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Speaker 1: and one point seven and uh just been sweating up

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Speaker 1: ut off, kind of out of it. Feel like your

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Speaker 1: brain is sort of wrapped in cotton a bit. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, I remember you were telling me that about

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Speaker 1: one in one hundred people have a reaction that you're having. Well, okay,

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Speaker 1: I can't I can't say with authority that that is true.

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Speaker 1: I was told by a gentleman on the elevator of

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Speaker 1: this building yesterday after I was because he happened to

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Speaker 1: get on the elevator while I was moving my arm

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Speaker 1: around because the injection site is on your upper arm

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Speaker 1: and it's very very sore, and there's about a twenty

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Speaker 1: four hour period where your arm is supposed to hurt,

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Speaker 1: and you know, I was awkwardly moving my arm around

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Speaker 1: when he got on the elevator and he was like, oh,

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Speaker 1: what'd you get a vaccine? Like? I said, yes, it

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Speaker 1: really hurts. He's like, what kind told him? It was

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Speaker 1: a tetapp and he's like, oh, man, you know there's

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Speaker 1: about a one and one chance that you're going to

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Speaker 1: get a fever like I did. And I was like,

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Speaker 1: what got home? Guess what it? Manifested. I don't know

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Speaker 1: if that dude cursed me. Maybe he did. Maybe, yeah,

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Speaker 1: maybe he accepted you somehow. I don't know. Well, this

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Speaker 1: guy I've met, if you were described were to describe

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Speaker 1: him to someone, would you describe him as a doctor.

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Speaker 1: I couldn't say. Okay, I believe he lives in this building.

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Speaker 1: But you know who knows. They're all kinds of different

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Speaker 1: and amazing people that live here and some that aren't

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Speaker 1: so amazing. This building is huge. Yes, there are people

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Speaker 1: that no one else knows lives here, right in the nooks,

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Speaker 1: the crannies, the unexplored areas of the of this gargantuan thing.

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Speaker 1: And today we're talking about unexplored gargantlan things. No, guys,

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Speaker 1: we hope that you appreciate this show because Matt has

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Speaker 1: pushed himself a little bit closer and closer to that

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Speaker 1: death's door. So is so dangerous for me to do

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Speaker 1: this right now? Well, at first I thought that was

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Speaker 1: a single tear coming out of your eye, but appears

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Speaker 1: to be blood. It's blood and sweat and maybe it's here.

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Speaker 1: So oh man, that's you know, that's that's kind of cool.

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Speaker 1: I respect that cool. So we're we're gonna get through

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Speaker 1: this episode to tell you some exciting stuff before hopefully

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Speaker 1: uh my co host and producer Matt Madman Frederick it's

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Speaker 1: your nickname for today, uh passes away into the great beyond.

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Speaker 1: Oh man, alright, cool, let's get through this, no pressure.

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Speaker 1: Let's just make this the best one so um by

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Speaker 1: way of an introduction and and that I'm joking, right,

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Speaker 1: you'll be fine. I don't know. I thought I would

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Speaker 1: be over much faster than this. So maybe I'm just

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Speaker 1: on a downward spiral. We'll find out. What's cool Man,

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Speaker 1: a little delirium always helps his show. At that time,

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Speaker 1: I didn't sleep. That was great. That was my favorite episode.

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Speaker 1: We've made some more. Really all right, well this is

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Speaker 1: going to be the new favorite. Okay. So there's this

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Speaker 1: book that I really enjoy called The Atlas of Remote Islands,

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Speaker 1: and and for everyone who is a book lover in

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Speaker 1: the audience. And there's nothing wrong with not being a

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Speaker 1: book lover, because a lot of books are terrible. Let's

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Speaker 1: face it, there are so many out there now. I mean,

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Speaker 1: we're not paid to be someone's English teacher. We don't

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Speaker 1: have to pretend that every book is amazing. The world

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Speaker 1: is just lousy with books that you know are not

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Speaker 1: going to be your favorites. It doesn't mean that they

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Speaker 1: themselves are objectively bad, just means they're not for you.

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Speaker 1: And every so often you run into something on the

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Speaker 1: other side of the spectrum, a book that is so

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Speaker 1: amazing that you can't even hold onto it because you

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Speaker 1: continually give it to other people saying, I want to

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Speaker 1: please check this out, this reminds me of you or

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Speaker 1: whatever you say. It kind of becomes a part of

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Speaker 1: your worldview almost almost, Yeah. And the Atlas of Remote Islands,

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Speaker 1: which is more of a travel log than an actual atlas.

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Speaker 1: It's it's just this book of fifty different very small

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Speaker 1: islands and a small one to two paragraph story about

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Speaker 1: their history. And while I was reading this book, uh,

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Speaker 1: at least the first time, what I became really captivated

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Speaker 1: by were the islands in the Southern Hemisphere, not just

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Speaker 1: you know, the the scattering uh sparsely populated tiny islands

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Speaker 1: in uh the oceanic area, but also, and even more so,

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Speaker 1: the inhospitable barren places. The closer you get to Antarctica,

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Speaker 1: the more it seems as though the natural world is

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Speaker 1: telling you turn back, you know. And that's what we're

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Speaker 1: talking about today. We were talking about Antarctica, the most

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Speaker 1: mysterious continent. Let's get to some of the facts. So

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Speaker 1: Antarctica is the fifth largest continent in the world. It's

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Speaker 1: roughly twice the size of Australia, which you know, Australia

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Speaker 1: is pretty big everybody. So that's a lot of ice

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Speaker 1: covered lands. It's home to the world's freshwater supply and

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Speaker 1: nine percent of the world's freshwater ice. And this place

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Speaker 1: is really cool. It's currently the coldest and the windiest continent.

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Speaker 1: It also possession possesses the highest average elevation of any continent,

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Speaker 1: which is crazy. That just means it's full of those mountains. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's another and that's another interesting thing. Yeah, because of

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Speaker 1: the land mass of Antarctica is covered with ice, and

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Speaker 1: if it didn't have the highest average elevation. If it

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Speaker 1: did not have those mountains, then it would probably be

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Speaker 1: a h covered with ice. Well maybe ninety nine or something.

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Speaker 1: But just because there's still be some land on the

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Speaker 1: coast in some places, Matt, this ice is three miles

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Speaker 1: thick cheese. So, to paraphrase so many horror movies, what

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Speaker 1: lay beneath? We know relatively little about this, and this

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Speaker 1: week we looked at what people might find beneath the

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Speaker 1: ice if it all melted away. The ice in Antarctica

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Speaker 1: comes in two large categories. There's the Western sheets Eastern sheet.

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Speaker 1: It extends all across the land like some curse in

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Speaker 1: a medieval fairy tale, and also into the surrounding ocean.

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Speaker 1: So what we'd like to do is talk a little

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Speaker 1: bit about some of the fringe theories and some of

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Speaker 1: the concepts that you will hear related to Antarctica. And

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Speaker 1: it touches on so many other things, some of which

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Speaker 1: we've covered before and a couple of which I would

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Speaker 1: consider our greatest hits. Are some of my favorite stories, yes,

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Speaker 1: and one of those is climate change. This is one

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Speaker 1: that really gets our audience riled up one way or

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Speaker 1: the other. And you know what, I'm in a state

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Speaker 1: at this point, Ben, I'm just gonna say it. Climate

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Speaker 1: change is real. This stuff is getting out of hand

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Speaker 1: and we're all gonna die. Well, of course climate change

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Speaker 1: is real because climates change over time. I think, what

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Speaker 1: man made climate change? It's our fault. And yeah, the anthropocene, right, Uh,

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Speaker 1: the it's it's an interesting thing you can always I

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Speaker 1: don't know. I think it's so clever what people do

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Speaker 1: in the sorts of televised debate debates where it's uh,

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Speaker 1: they do the thought terminating clichefing, let's call it climate change. Uh,

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Speaker 1: Like now as we're recording this this week, one of

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Speaker 1: the big things are the big things in international affairs

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Speaker 1: would be, uh, the Ironing nuclear deal. And everyone's like

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Speaker 1: nuclear deal, Nuclear deal, nuclear deal. But you have to

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Speaker 1: dig yourself to find the exact details. You have to

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Speaker 1: you have to go onto the internet and search. The

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Speaker 1: mainstream news is not really say, telling the details of stuff.

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Speaker 1: And you know what else, just while woman rand here

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Speaker 1: and this is just gonna be so brief. Look, I

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Speaker 1: understand when people get very very emotional and angry about

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Speaker 1: their their opinion or what they see as the facts.

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Speaker 1: Right when someone because we get letters all the time

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Speaker 1: when someone says, well, climate change, you know, again another buzzword, right,

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Speaker 1: because what we're talking about is much more intricate, much

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Speaker 1: more widespread, specific things that are occurring right exactly, Uh,

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Speaker 1: ocean acidification, stuff like that, things that have been proven right, right,

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Speaker 1: and people were really arguing over the degree of it

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Speaker 1: and the cause of it. But just throwing buzzwords at people,

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Speaker 1: um kind of hacks the brain to get past the

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Speaker 1: cognitive ability and straight into the primitive reptile brain stuff

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Speaker 1: where all of a sudden, the person who believes climate

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Speaker 1: changes um not man made, or believes you know that, uh,

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Speaker 1: some great lizard Messiah is going to emerge from a

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Speaker 1: volcano beneath the ocean. Whatever I'm saying, It doesn't matter

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Speaker 1: what people believe. It matters how you believe and how

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Speaker 1: you support that belief. And it makes me, It makes

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Speaker 1: me just somewhere between UM derisively, amused, and uh incredibly

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Speaker 1: sad when I see people get super super emotional about

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Speaker 1: a thing and think that, you know, if I yell

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Speaker 1: at this person enough, if I am just angry enough,

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Speaker 1: then it don't matter. And then at that point you

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Speaker 1: have to ask yourself. Are you trying to persuade that

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Speaker 1: person or you just trying to like get caught up

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Speaker 1: in a pitchfork party, yeah, or are you trying to

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Speaker 1: express your belief hard enough or reinforce your belief by

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Speaker 1: yelling oh yeah, yeah, Yeah, that's we should look at

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Speaker 1: those uh psychological phenomenon to you know. That's one, uh

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Speaker 1: a little bit of inside baseball here. That's one show

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Speaker 1: that I pitched for brain Stuff. It's other show I do,

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Speaker 1: and they, after we discussed with the production team and stuff,

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Speaker 1: they didn't want me to do this episode, but it

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Speaker 1: was why you can't win an argument on the Internet,

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Speaker 1: And that's a great episode. Thanks, why don't we do it? Yeah?

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Speaker 1: But but okay, so aside from that that rant there, uh,

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Speaker 1: the forces of climate change clearly have impacted the planet

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Speaker 1: and are continuing apace. And we'll talk a little bit

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Speaker 1: now about the thing you were about to bring up,

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Speaker 1: because you can't talk about Antarctica without talking about ice,

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Speaker 1: and you can't talk about large amounts of ice without

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Speaker 1: talking about climate change. Right, Yeah, So so with climate change,

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Speaker 1: we're we're talking about several things that really are happening.

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Speaker 1: Like I kind of mentioned earlier. Sea levels really are rising,

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Speaker 1: and they're going to rise more in the future, or

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Speaker 1: at least they are projected to do so. Now, you

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Speaker 1: might also hear people claiming that Antarctica loses ice at

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Speaker 1: times and then it gains it back at other times.

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Speaker 1: But there's a little bit of a discrepancy there. So

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Speaker 1: the whole thing, this whole idea hinges on a bit

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Speaker 1: of a misunderstanding. I think think of ice in Antarctica

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Speaker 1: as coming in two different types. So you've got your

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Speaker 1: land ice and you've got your sea ice. Now, the

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Speaker 1: sea ice itself is seasonal. It grows in the winter

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Speaker 1: as it gets colder, then it recedes just a little

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Speaker 1: bit in as it gets warmer, or I mean, it

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Speaker 1: can disappear almost completely over summer, but it's still it's

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Speaker 1: still always there. It just uh it's kind of like

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Speaker 1: a if I make a bad comparison. Uh, it's kind

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Speaker 1: of like a person who maybe gains and loses weight

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Speaker 1: very easily. They have variations of weight. Yeah, there's a range.

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Speaker 1: There's essentially a range of weight. Yeah, and ice that

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Speaker 1: Antarctica takes on during the winter, Antarctica gets some water weight. Okay,

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Speaker 1: that's exactly what Yeah, But like you were saying, there's

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Speaker 1: a there's a different kind of ice, right, Yeah, the

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Speaker 1: land the land ice is is very different. This stuff

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Speaker 1: it acres slowly over time and it here's the problem,

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Speaker 1: is disappearing. Now. You have to imagine that the land,

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Speaker 1: the ice that's on land, as it is melting, it's

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Speaker 1: increasing the amount of water, of liquid water that's in

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Speaker 1: the seas, right, because the amount of frozen water already

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Speaker 1: in the sea is part of the volume of the ocean,

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Speaker 1: the sea we're talking about. So let's let's advance this

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Speaker 1: further because there are probably some people who already saying no, no, no,

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Speaker 1: he totally don't get it. Well, we have a we

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Speaker 1: have a plot twist here that a lot of people

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Speaker 1: might not be aware of. This change in land ice

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Speaker 1: cannot be attributed solely to a changing climate. For instance,

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Speaker 1: look at Waits Glacier. It's this large, rapidly changing outlet

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Speaker 1: of the West Antarctic ice sheet, and it's it's being

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Speaker 1: eroded by the ocean, sure, of course, but it's also

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Speaker 1: being melted by a different, uh, a different thing, yeah,

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Speaker 1: from below, from the geothermal heat that's being forced uff

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Speaker 1: through it, and that that to me, Ben presents a

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Speaker 1: whole another issue. Yeah, whole, another whole other uh box

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Speaker 1: carve badgers, Yes, the box car badgers that are heating

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Speaker 1: up the earth from the inside. What's going on? Been

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Speaker 1: a whole another boot of birds, bag of boots. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: can of chinchilla's. I could do this all day, Okay,

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Speaker 1: So yeah that You can check out the study by

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Speaker 1: researchers at the Institute for Geophysics at the University of

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Speaker 1: Texas at Austin or U T I G for those

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Speaker 1: of you who love an acronym, and that is in

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Speaker 1: a journal called the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.

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Speaker 1: So they found they found that despite the popular debate,

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Speaker 1: as usually happens, there are other factors at play and

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Speaker 1: it's not just a yes or no thing. It turns

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Speaker 1: out that geothermal energy is our geo thermal heat rather

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Speaker 1: is changing the nature of the continent. And one thing

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Speaker 1: we should say about Antarctica, the history of Antarctica that's

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Speaker 1: just amazing is um it. It's only been an ice

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Speaker 1: covered continent for about thirty five million years, which sounds

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Speaker 1: a bit long in the tooth for us, but in

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Speaker 1: the grand scheme of things, that's like, that's a bad weekend, right,

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Speaker 1: and uh, and it could totally come back. It used

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Speaker 1: to be a subtropical thing that looked a lot like

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Speaker 1: the modern day of Pacific Northwest for anyone who's been there, cool,

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Speaker 1: beautiful place. People still aren't sure what happened thirty five

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Speaker 1: million years ago, because apparently, just in the scheme of things,

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Speaker 1: the way this ice across the land and covered the

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Speaker 1: place happened very quickly. So we don't know. We don't

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Speaker 1: know what happened, and we don't know exactly how Antarctica works.

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Speaker 1: For lack of a better phrase, sure, we're not for

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Speaker 1: lack of trying, though we've set up we the human

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Speaker 1: species has set up research facilities across the land in

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Speaker 1: a couple of places. You know. One of the things

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Speaker 1: that I found really interesting was who owns Antarctica? Yes, yes, yes,

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Speaker 1: And when you look online you can find the maps

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Speaker 1: of the segments that Antarctic the way it split up,

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Speaker 1: because it goes from the South Pole or the um.

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Speaker 1: I think it's the actual I don't. I can't remember

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Speaker 1: if it's the actual South Pole or the magnetics. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think it's the ceremonial South Pole. You're talking about

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Speaker 1: the Antarctic Treaty, right, Yes, signed in Washington on in

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Speaker 1: December of nineteen fifty nine by twelve countries who the

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Speaker 1: people signed it were just the twelve countries whose scientists

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Speaker 1: have been futs and around down there. They were, they

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Speaker 1: were active during what's called the International Geophysical Year of

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Speaker 1: fifty seven and fifty eight. So but it's really cool.

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Speaker 1: Looks like a PI pie chart. Yeah, yeah, yeah, with

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Speaker 1: all the flags arranged around it. Yeah. The treaty itself

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Speaker 1: is something that, um, we can talk about in detail.

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Speaker 1: Do you want to do it now or do you

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Speaker 1: want to do it later? We can do it, we

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Speaker 1: can do it, Let's do it later either way. I'm sorry.

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Speaker 1: I just kept thinking imagining who actually gets to study

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Speaker 1: which parts, and and if you're going to get different

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Speaker 1: research on the northeastern side that's very different from the

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Speaker 1: research you get on the southwest. If there's there's like

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Speaker 1: a good neighborhood of Antartico, maybe I imagine if you're

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Speaker 1: a biologist, that answers absolutely true. UM, I guess it

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Speaker 1: depends on your field of study, right. Sure. You know

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Speaker 1: a while ago there was an expedition that you and

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Speaker 1: I have talked about a few years back. Um, actually

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Speaker 1: we should get into that later later sorry spoiler alert. Anyway,

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Speaker 1: just to sew it up, geo thermal energy, if human

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Speaker 1: beings build permanent settlements on the continent of Antarctica and

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Speaker 1: get rid of the ice and yes, yes, before the

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Speaker 1: emails come in. By permanent settlement, I mean like a

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Speaker 1: nation state or colony. I don't mean a research center,

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Speaker 1: which is a beautiful thing but does not a country make.

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Speaker 1: And uh, the but if if people ended up actually

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Speaker 1: living an Antarctica, the if we're gonna be nationalistic the

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Speaker 1: U s A A yes, wait, I think that's already

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Speaker 1: an insurance. Yeah, USA just buys Antarctica. UM or some

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Speaker 1: other large corporation. Google owns Antarctica. So anyway, these people

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Speaker 1: could easily end up powering their society by geo thermal energy,

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Speaker 1: which sounds like science fiction, but it's totally possible. I

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Speaker 1: am now imagining the a country that goes through and

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Speaker 1: just burrows through the three miles of ice, makes giant

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Speaker 1: walls to keep the ice away, and has a civilization

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Speaker 1: that's kind of surrounded by these ice walls. Oh right,

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Speaker 1: living inside the walls of the Canyon, similar to um

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Speaker 1: the similar to the Native American groups. Yeah, so the

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Speaker 1: thing is, it's not science fiction. It's happening now, just

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Speaker 1: in a different country. Oh, Iceland is not the big

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Speaker 1: ice walls, but Iceland. Iceland derives the majority of its

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Speaker 1: power from geothermal energy. So it's so it's completely possible.

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Speaker 1: But it's also true that the nuances of anti the

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Speaker 1: Antarctic climates or the long term effects are still largely there.

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Speaker 1: There's still some questions to answer, just because this geothermal

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Speaker 1: stuff is relatively recent at least our understanding of it

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Speaker 1: and the effects of this, the long term effects kind

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Speaker 1: of anybody's guess. We we still don't exactly know, you know,

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Speaker 1: what happened thirty five million years ago. We're catching up.

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Speaker 1: We're like people who started watching Seinfeld today. Oh no kidding, Oh,

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Speaker 1: but they have. There's so much to learn though, at

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Speaker 1: least and and being there's so much to enjoy. Yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: that in that case, the comparison holds. I'm just a

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Speaker 1: little bit sour about it because, you know, I had

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Speaker 1: never really watched a lot of a lot of that stuff,

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Speaker 1: and then I ended up I just started watching it.

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Speaker 1: I'm still in that moment where I realized that all

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Speaker 1: four of the main characters problems could be solved by

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Speaker 1: having a cell phone. Oh wow, that's true if they

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Speaker 1: were able to just communicate immediately, if they well, it's

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Speaker 1: it seems like a lot of the things are based

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Speaker 1: on yeah, yeah, yeah, Harald structure and improv or something.

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Speaker 1: Oh that's why. Oh my gosh, Ben, I never thought

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Speaker 1: about that before. That's huge, is it. I'm sure that

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Speaker 1: somebody else's I'm sure, I'm sure, but thank you. I

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Speaker 1: went to Uh. I went to New York and saw

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Speaker 1: the not not for this thing, but you know, I

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Speaker 1: was traveling and as as you know, Matt, we we

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Speaker 1: saw the Seinfeld apartment UH, and it was just something

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Speaker 1: that it's just something that TV company made too as

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Speaker 1: a recreation, but always startled that so many people like

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Speaker 1: the show. There are people around the block, down the

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Speaker 1: street to a different street. It is very crazy. I

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Speaker 1: don't know if it was just the neighborhood or if

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Speaker 1: it's that popular. It was a big deal. My my

359
00:22:45,760 --> 00:22:48,439
Speaker 1: parents liked it a lot. I'm gonna feel strange if

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Speaker 1: I ever have to meet uh Uh Seinfeld, Jerry Jerry Seinfeld,

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Speaker 1: Larry David if I ever have to meet them, because

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Speaker 1: I don't. I don't know. I guess I was just like, hey, guys,

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Speaker 1: I understand your show is quite popular, and I don't

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Speaker 1: think we're ever going to meet the congratulations. Who knows

365
00:23:06,160 --> 00:23:10,520
Speaker 1: they might be listening now anyway. Anyhow, tangents abound in

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Speaker 1: this episode. Let's move to one of the Let's cut

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Speaker 1: straight to the chase, one of the episodes we did

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Speaker 1: early on in our career together. Nazis in the Hollow Earth. Yes,

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Speaker 1: the idea of that perhaps, or there is the idea

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Speaker 1: that there is a civilization that exists below the crust

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Speaker 1: of the earth, and as crazy as it sounds, that

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Speaker 1: there is some type of inner star that powers the

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Speaker 1: civilization beneath us, and there's a powerful civilization that can

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Speaker 1: that the Nazis at least thought perhaps a small group

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Speaker 1: of the Nazis, Yeah, I thought could come up, come

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Speaker 1: out from the bowels of the earth and help them

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Speaker 1: win their battles. Because as the national Socialists of these

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Speaker 1: factions of nationals socialist ak Nazis today um as they

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Speaker 1: new with a strange and mystic religious certitude, these uh,

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Speaker 1: these denizens of the inner world were also totally totally arian. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: totally and down for the cause, right right, and cared

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Speaker 1: about what was happening between in these political political maneuvers.

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Speaker 1: So well, we did fine with that, and you can

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Speaker 1: check out our video on the topic. Is that, uh,

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Speaker 1: it is true. You know that that stuff you see

386
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Speaker 1: on the History Channel can be often disingenuous, but it

387
00:24:43,080 --> 00:24:46,520
Speaker 1: is true that factions of the Nazi Party had an

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Speaker 1: intense belief in the occult, which we've talked about with

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Speaker 1: Za Naimberby, right, yeah, and uh, the belief in real

390
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Speaker 1: and trying to reconstruct this new mythology. And there really were, um,

391
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Speaker 1: there really were government financed quests to find things like

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Speaker 1: these hidden mystical lands like Shambala, cheng La and or

393
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Speaker 1: in the case of Antarctica and entrance to the underworld. Yes, yeah,

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Speaker 1: and there was, um there was actually a plan to

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Speaker 1: colonize part of Antarctica as a means of expanding the

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Speaker 1: German wailing industry at the time. And that leads to

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Speaker 1: at least supposedly yeah, right in New Swabia. But as

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Speaker 1: we as we learned and as you can see if

399
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Speaker 1: if you look into some of the historical documents available Uh,

400
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Speaker 1: no one, No one found any entrance. And that's not

401
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Speaker 1: to say there's not an extensive possible cave system in Antarctica.

402
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Speaker 1: I would say there most definitely is just because of

403
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Speaker 1: the ice over time and then refreezing, the melting and

404
00:26:06,440 --> 00:26:10,120
Speaker 1: refreezing in the way caves form. Yeah, yeah, so there

405
00:26:10,240 --> 00:26:14,880
Speaker 1: might be something there, but we have at this point

406
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Speaker 1: we have little evidence of We we know a little

407
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Speaker 1: bit about what kind of life might be there, but

408
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Speaker 1: we know very little about it. We do also have

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Speaker 1: another thing that we should bring up, and I think

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Speaker 1: we did an episode on this to Matt. This belief

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Speaker 1: in the the National Socialist Nazi Party exploring and attempting

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Speaker 1: to take over Antarctica ties in with a little known

413
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Speaker 1: story in US history as well. Right ah, Operation High Jump.

414
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Speaker 1: You say, yes, are we we chased them? Or we

415
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Speaker 1: we at least followed the Nazis down towards Antarctica. Let's

416
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Speaker 1: do well, let's do the movie version of it. How

417
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Speaker 1: would you how would you say them? If you were

418
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Speaker 1: if you were pitching the move version of Operation High

419
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Speaker 1: How would you? How would you pitch it to me? Okay,

420
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Speaker 1: like we're in the elevator, We've got five seconds before

421
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Speaker 1: we get the next Yeah, I'll help you pitch to

422
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Speaker 1: Let's say nol Is. Uh, nol Is, Who's a good director.

423
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Speaker 1: Who's the director that you other than nol He has

424
00:27:18,359 --> 00:27:19,840
Speaker 1: to be someone else? Oh, and he has to be

425
00:27:19,920 --> 00:27:26,400
Speaker 1: someone else. Let's go with Michael Bay. No. I mean

426
00:27:27,240 --> 00:27:29,440
Speaker 1: I could see him being able to sell this movie though.

427
00:27:30,840 --> 00:27:34,560
Speaker 1: Oh god, yeah, let's do Bay. He could sell this. Okay.

428
00:27:34,680 --> 00:27:37,880
Speaker 1: So if we're pitching Operation High Jump to Michael Bay,

429
00:27:37,960 --> 00:27:41,159
Speaker 1: what will we say? All right, this is how we go?

430
00:27:41,320 --> 00:27:44,120
Speaker 1: All right, sub Bay? So check this out. I got

431
00:27:44,200 --> 00:27:47,360
Speaker 1: this idea for a movie. I think United States Military

432
00:27:48,040 --> 00:27:52,639
Speaker 1: Navy giant ships. Right then you've got Nazi ships too, right,

433
00:27:53,119 --> 00:27:56,640
Speaker 1: So there there there's one section Nazi ships, United States Navy,

434
00:27:56,920 --> 00:28:01,160
Speaker 1: other ships heading towards Antarctica. Right then they get into

435
00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:03,680
Speaker 1: these battles. Were Well, we're gonna make them get into

436
00:28:03,680 --> 00:28:06,920
Speaker 1: battles because we need explosions, right right, Bay? Okay, so

437
00:28:07,840 --> 00:28:10,720
Speaker 1: what else? Oh? This was? Yeah? This is good. I

438
00:28:10,840 --> 00:28:13,119
Speaker 1: think that I think he would go, um, all right,

439
00:28:13,119 --> 00:28:17,280
Speaker 1: it's not you have any explosions and naval ships? Now,

440
00:28:17,480 --> 00:28:21,960
Speaker 1: can these ships transform? Yeah? I didn't do battleship. I

441
00:28:22,480 --> 00:28:25,680
Speaker 1: don't remember who did battleship was Oliver Stone. Oh god,

442
00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:29,280
Speaker 1: I don't think all right, yeah, it's it's if we

443
00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:33,000
Speaker 1: were doing that in a world kind of kind of intro,

444
00:28:33,960 --> 00:28:37,120
Speaker 1: we could tell some great stories about high Operational High Jump.

445
00:28:37,200 --> 00:28:40,959
Speaker 1: The thing is they would not be the truth. Wicked

446
00:28:41,080 --> 00:28:45,440
Speaker 1: Leaks has been involved in in bringing up bringing up

447
00:28:45,520 --> 00:28:50,360
Speaker 1: some documents related to the activities at the time. So

448
00:28:50,480 --> 00:28:54,000
Speaker 1: first let's talk about what Operation High Jump actually was

449
00:28:54,040 --> 00:28:57,000
Speaker 1: supposed to be. It was led by a guy named

450
00:28:57,640 --> 00:29:01,440
Speaker 1: Richard E. Bird. He was a rear admiral of the U. S. Navy,

451
00:29:02,120 --> 00:29:06,600
Speaker 1: and their mission was to establish a research base. Their

452
00:29:06,640 --> 00:29:10,480
Speaker 1: official mission with the charming name of Little America for

453
00:29:12,440 --> 00:29:15,880
Speaker 1: I don't Little America for that that's gonna be look

454
00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:20,120
Speaker 1: look interesting on a postcard, right, And so according to

455
00:29:20,720 --> 00:29:24,560
Speaker 1: the official Navy Naval Report, at least they had objectives.

456
00:29:24,600 --> 00:29:27,360
Speaker 1: They had six objectives. The second of those was this

457
00:29:27,560 --> 00:29:33,360
Speaker 1: idea of consolidating extending severnty over as much of Antarctic

458
00:29:33,440 --> 00:29:36,560
Speaker 1: as they could. Make sense, that's what we do, that's

459
00:29:36,600 --> 00:29:39,440
Speaker 1: what Yeah, that's what people in general seem to be

460
00:29:39,600 --> 00:29:44,360
Speaker 1: quite fond of. But the the Wicked Leaks reports seemed

461
00:29:44,360 --> 00:29:49,680
Speaker 1: to seem to prove that the underlying motivation for this

462
00:29:50,840 --> 00:30:00,480
Speaker 1: was not so much the National Socialist Party but the

463
00:30:00,720 --> 00:30:05,120
Speaker 1: Soviet Party, the the USSR, because Operation High Jump occurred

464
00:30:05,200 --> 00:30:09,000
Speaker 1: in forty six and forty seven, so that would be

465
00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:14,760
Speaker 1: after World War right after World War two has concluded.

466
00:30:15,200 --> 00:30:19,680
Speaker 1: And the reason the theory that we've we've often heard

467
00:30:19,800 --> 00:30:23,040
Speaker 1: is that well, uh Nazis regrouped to a secret place

468
00:30:23,120 --> 00:30:27,040
Speaker 1: in your Swabia and Operation high Jump was part of

469
00:30:27,080 --> 00:30:31,960
Speaker 1: a secret war, a secret atomic war or something. But

470
00:30:32,600 --> 00:30:36,440
Speaker 1: what it seems to be more of is more evidence

471
00:30:36,600 --> 00:30:41,240
Speaker 1: that immediately after World War Two the Cold War began. Yea,

472
00:30:41,920 --> 00:30:45,640
Speaker 1: even before it ended, right right, even before it ended.

473
00:30:45,720 --> 00:30:49,800
Speaker 1: And they're they're different. Um, there are different interpretations of that.

474
00:30:50,600 --> 00:30:54,360
Speaker 1: I'll probably go on to Facebook and Twitter where you

475
00:30:54,400 --> 00:30:58,479
Speaker 1: can follow us a conspiracy stuff. Yeah, and UH dropped

476
00:30:58,560 --> 00:31:01,120
Speaker 1: the links for any body who wants to check out

477
00:31:01,240 --> 00:31:03,640
Speaker 1: more at least of what Wicked Leaks has to say

478
00:31:04,080 --> 00:31:08,040
Speaker 1: regarding Operation high Jump. Now we get to one of

479
00:31:08,080 --> 00:31:14,680
Speaker 1: the most exciting things, the most exciting thing about this stuff.

480
00:31:16,360 --> 00:31:21,680
Speaker 1: People found fossils into Antarctica. So I smelts, what else

481
00:31:21,720 --> 00:31:23,840
Speaker 1: are we gonna find? One other kind of life is

482
00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:28,040
Speaker 1: going to be there, like living life or just more fossils. Well,

483
00:31:28,280 --> 00:31:31,600
Speaker 1: we know that all the fossils that have been found

484
00:31:32,120 --> 00:31:34,120
Speaker 1: so far, at least all the big ones. When you're

485
00:31:34,160 --> 00:31:38,800
Speaker 1: thinking of you know, large flora and fauna, uh, dinosaurs,

486
00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:41,600
Speaker 1: I'll just say it, dinosaurs is kind of weird. Dinosaurs

487
00:31:41,640 --> 00:31:46,040
Speaker 1: are we gonna find and maybe we'll find a dinosaur civilization. Uh.

488
00:31:46,840 --> 00:31:49,400
Speaker 1: All the fossils we found so far, the majority are

489
00:31:49,520 --> 00:31:54,320
Speaker 1: from margins of coastal islands, exposed mountain rock places. Um,

490
00:31:55,040 --> 00:31:57,400
Speaker 1: because those are a few places that don't have like

491
00:31:57,800 --> 00:32:01,280
Speaker 1: miles of ice over them. Uh. And because the continent

492
00:32:01,400 --> 00:32:05,360
Speaker 1: was not always so cold, because it was a subtropical

493
00:32:05,480 --> 00:32:09,000
Speaker 1: climate for so long, we know that there had to

494
00:32:09,080 --> 00:32:14,920
Speaker 1: be huh an abundance of life. Sure, I was looking

495
00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:17,600
Speaker 1: for the right word that didn't have a curseword that

496
00:32:17,680 --> 00:32:22,240
Speaker 1: it uh. So during the Cretaceous period it did enjoy

497
00:32:22,280 --> 00:32:25,680
Speaker 1: a warmer, lusher climate. And that Cretaceous period started a

498
00:32:25,760 --> 00:32:29,280
Speaker 1: hundred forty four million years ago, it ended sixty five

499
00:32:29,440 --> 00:32:33,800
Speaker 1: million years ago. And those fossils are are pretty exciting.

500
00:32:33,920 --> 00:32:37,400
Speaker 1: Just a few things we've seen on and scientists have

501
00:32:37,480 --> 00:32:42,240
Speaker 1: identified a handful of dinosaur species that they think are

502
00:32:42,880 --> 00:32:48,320
Speaker 1: you know, if not uniquely Antarctic, have been identified at

503
00:32:48,360 --> 00:32:51,800
Speaker 1: least as as something that would have lived in the Antarctic,

504
00:32:51,840 --> 00:32:55,880
Speaker 1: and not just like single animal, but that indicates larger population. However,

505
00:32:56,600 --> 00:32:59,440
Speaker 1: what you said just then was by far the most

506
00:32:59,520 --> 00:33:04,240
Speaker 1: exciting thing. What we might not just be looking for

507
00:33:04,640 --> 00:33:10,000
Speaker 1: relics of life gone by. We may find living things,

508
00:33:10,120 --> 00:33:13,600
Speaker 1: life in action. Yeah, yeah, And who knows the size

509
00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:16,880
Speaker 1: of these things. It would probably be much smaller micro

510
00:33:17,720 --> 00:33:21,480
Speaker 1: level like micro level life or even bacteria. Maybe a

511
00:33:21,520 --> 00:33:24,600
Speaker 1: little bit larger than that. Because there are other places

512
00:33:25,360 --> 00:33:28,320
Speaker 1: that we can kind of point to that are somewhat

513
00:33:28,440 --> 00:33:32,280
Speaker 1: like Antarctica. And there is this one place in particular

514
00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:36,480
Speaker 1: that we know of might hold these things or these keys,

515
00:33:37,040 --> 00:33:40,000
Speaker 1: and it's already been looked at a bit. It's this

516
00:33:40,120 --> 00:33:42,840
Speaker 1: place that you may have heard of called Lake Vostok.

517
00:33:43,400 --> 00:33:46,560
Speaker 1: It's this pristine freshwater lake that's buried two and a

518
00:33:46,640 --> 00:33:50,200
Speaker 1: half miles below solid ice. That's three point seven kilometers

519
00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:53,440
Speaker 1: by the way, for everyone outside of Namibia and the

520
00:33:53,600 --> 00:34:00,360
Speaker 1: US and Myanmar countries. It's about the size is of

521
00:34:00,520 --> 00:34:03,200
Speaker 1: Lake Ontario, one of the great lakes here in the US,

522
00:34:03,440 --> 00:34:07,440
Speaker 1: and it's the largest of the more than two hundred

523
00:34:07,560 --> 00:34:12,360
Speaker 1: liquid lakes that are strewn across Antarctica. Right. Yes, beneath

524
00:34:12,440 --> 00:34:18,960
Speaker 1: that ice there is more than simply stone and fossils

525
00:34:19,040 --> 00:34:22,799
Speaker 1: and dead things mountains. Yeah, there's there's lakes man freshwater

526
00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:27,880
Speaker 1: lakes that are liquid. And what we've learned is that

527
00:34:28,200 --> 00:34:31,759
Speaker 1: these lakes are created when, again the geothermal heat, the

528
00:34:31,960 --> 00:34:37,440
Speaker 1: energy from Earth's core, melts the bottom of the ice sheet. Uh.

529
00:34:37,560 --> 00:34:40,359
Speaker 1: This is maybe counterintuitive to some folks, but the thick

530
00:34:40,440 --> 00:34:45,239
Speaker 1: blanket of ice on top access insulation. These lakes don't

531
00:34:45,239 --> 00:34:48,640
Speaker 1: get out much. No, they don't. They just kind of

532
00:34:49,000 --> 00:34:51,080
Speaker 1: they I don't know. They're they're happy. They like the

533
00:34:51,120 --> 00:34:54,560
Speaker 1: quiet life, and that's perhaps why they've been isolated for

534
00:34:54,760 --> 00:35:00,239
Speaker 1: hundreds of thousands, two millions of years. That and when

535
00:35:00,360 --> 00:35:05,759
Speaker 1: something's isolated that long, if you're familiar with the evolution

536
00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:09,480
Speaker 1: to creepy, in my opinion, the creepy evolution of cave

537
00:35:09,600 --> 00:35:16,000
Speaker 1: dwelling creatures, then you know that hundreds of thousands, well

538
00:35:16,280 --> 00:35:24,680
Speaker 1: more millions of years gives creatures space to adapt. And

539
00:35:24,800 --> 00:35:28,279
Speaker 1: so you know, as you can assume, scientists are really

540
00:35:28,320 --> 00:35:30,600
Speaker 1: excited to get into these lakes like Lake of All

541
00:35:30,640 --> 00:35:33,560
Speaker 1: stark and really do as much research as possible, go

542
00:35:33,680 --> 00:35:35,600
Speaker 1: as deep as you can into the lake, and just

543
00:35:36,600 --> 00:35:39,080
Speaker 1: explore it as much as possible can. Can you imagine

544
00:35:39,120 --> 00:35:42,280
Speaker 1: being a scientist and discovering perhaps even a new type

545
00:35:42,320 --> 00:35:46,160
Speaker 1: of life at the bottom of one of these lakes. Yeah, yeah,

546
00:35:46,320 --> 00:35:49,840
Speaker 1: I'd be like the academic version of Kanye West. You

547
00:35:49,880 --> 00:35:53,120
Speaker 1: could drop all the mics of yelling at people at

548
00:35:53,600 --> 00:35:59,160
Speaker 1: meet ups for readings. I would interrupt people's finding present

549
00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:03,520
Speaker 1: I would interrupt people's presentations on their findings. Even if

550
00:36:03,560 --> 00:36:05,920
Speaker 1: you found microbial life, right, but what if you found

551
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:12,520
Speaker 1: something bigger? Yes? So here Yeah, so scientists have raced

552
00:36:12,560 --> 00:36:17,200
Speaker 1: to collect water samples from Lake Vostok and and this

553
00:36:17,640 --> 00:36:23,399
Speaker 1: was relatively controversial because what we are essentially doing when

554
00:36:23,560 --> 00:36:26,040
Speaker 1: we do something like that is that we are breaking

555
00:36:26,320 --> 00:36:32,719
Speaker 1: the seal on something ancient, right, and going through here.

556
00:36:34,200 --> 00:36:38,479
Speaker 1: What the scientists found was they found life. They found

557
00:36:38,560 --> 00:36:44,000
Speaker 1: living things in there, and to me, that's um, that's

558
00:36:44,080 --> 00:36:48,160
Speaker 1: kind of well, it's it's beautiful. I choose to interpret

559
00:36:48,200 --> 00:36:53,160
Speaker 1: it as beautiful rather than ominous. But you're right, Matt,

560
00:36:53,239 --> 00:36:57,560
Speaker 1: they found bacteria, but they found more than that too. Yeah,

561
00:36:57,600 --> 00:37:01,880
Speaker 1: they found over one multi cell sular species, which is

562
00:37:02,120 --> 00:37:04,640
Speaker 1: that's huge that they even found some species that are

563
00:37:04,840 --> 00:37:09,000
Speaker 1: generally associated with mollusks and fish. And there was even

564
00:37:09,080 --> 00:37:12,400
Speaker 1: one researcher who I think said, well, with all these findings,

565
00:37:12,520 --> 00:37:15,960
Speaker 1: we might even have fish in there somewhere, and then

566
00:37:16,040 --> 00:37:19,040
Speaker 1: he very quickly it was like, okay, well maybe not

567
00:37:19,200 --> 00:37:22,759
Speaker 1: fish alright, right, because it's so difficult to uh, it's

568
00:37:22,760 --> 00:37:28,560
Speaker 1: so difficult to present scientific findings to the general Well,

569
00:37:29,280 --> 00:37:32,520
Speaker 1: I would say, it's not. It's not difficult to present

570
00:37:32,600 --> 00:37:36,560
Speaker 1: this stuff to general public, because there's this great there's

571
00:37:36,600 --> 00:37:40,960
Speaker 1: this great error that people often make about quote unquote

572
00:37:41,000 --> 00:37:44,279
Speaker 1: the general public, the quote Titian the common man, and

573
00:37:44,440 --> 00:37:48,560
Speaker 1: that is to say that a single individual is smart,

574
00:37:48,640 --> 00:37:52,440
Speaker 1: but a group is stupid. Now, as as convenient as

575
00:37:52,520 --> 00:37:54,080
Speaker 1: that might be, as fun as it might be to

576
00:37:54,200 --> 00:37:58,520
Speaker 1: read on like a very negative hallmark card, uh, I've

577
00:37:58,560 --> 00:38:01,200
Speaker 1: never seen that before. The fact of the matter is

578
00:38:01,440 --> 00:38:07,279
Speaker 1: that people are that that people are intelligent, and you know, cognitively,

579
00:38:08,560 --> 00:38:12,960
Speaker 1: people are similar to the old story about goldfish, our

580
00:38:13,840 --> 00:38:17,560
Speaker 1: our intelligence grows to the size of its container. So

581
00:38:17,719 --> 00:38:20,480
Speaker 1: who makes the container? Who frames the debate? It's not

582
00:38:20,760 --> 00:38:24,640
Speaker 1: it's not that, it's not that scientists will report something

583
00:38:25,560 --> 00:38:30,160
Speaker 1: and everybody in the world is all of a sudden

584
00:38:30,480 --> 00:38:33,280
Speaker 1: just dumb about it. Now, it's that they report something,

585
00:38:33,360 --> 00:38:37,200
Speaker 1: but then it is uh condensed and twisted into something

586
00:38:37,280 --> 00:38:40,480
Speaker 1: that can be told in two minutes and thirty seconds

587
00:38:41,040 --> 00:38:45,080
Speaker 1: before shifting to a picture of like a cat that

588
00:38:45,280 --> 00:38:51,360
Speaker 1: accidentally sneezed while it farted, which I would watch. But

589
00:38:51,719 --> 00:38:53,800
Speaker 1: but so I I don't think like I do. I

590
00:38:53,920 --> 00:38:57,320
Speaker 1: think it's just a huge error to say that he

591
00:38:57,520 --> 00:38:59,759
Speaker 1: had to he had to withdraw that might have fish

592
00:38:59,840 --> 00:39:02,600
Speaker 1: they because people wouldn't understand it. But what he was

593
00:39:02,640 --> 00:39:07,200
Speaker 1: probably more concerned with was someone who wants a really

594
00:39:07,280 --> 00:39:09,920
Speaker 1: good headline, grabbing it and running with it and saying

595
00:39:09,960 --> 00:39:13,240
Speaker 1: like and I'm sure they did fish. I don't remember

596
00:39:13,280 --> 00:39:16,279
Speaker 1: seeing the headline, but I'm sure it existed. And so

597
00:39:16,719 --> 00:39:18,840
Speaker 1: so we do know though that this is exciting, right,

598
00:39:18,880 --> 00:39:23,600
Speaker 1: there's there's a great lead here, there's evidence that compels

599
00:39:23,680 --> 00:39:26,640
Speaker 1: us because this is one of how many lakes said,

600
00:39:29,080 --> 00:39:32,080
Speaker 1: I've already found some evidence. We already know there's gonna

601
00:39:32,120 --> 00:39:35,120
Speaker 1: be something down there Bend that's gonna be Oh, I

602
00:39:35,200 --> 00:39:38,839
Speaker 1: don't know, I cannot There's gonna be a dinosaur. Yeah,

603
00:39:38,920 --> 00:39:43,759
Speaker 1: I cannot wait. Ancient civilization, alien life pyramid. Let me

604
00:39:43,920 --> 00:39:47,120
Speaker 1: a pyramid. Are you kidding me? That would be great.

605
00:39:47,400 --> 00:39:49,719
Speaker 1: I don't know if it will be. You know, it

606
00:39:49,760 --> 00:39:53,200
Speaker 1: will happen, probably not, probably not. I'm gonna keep hoping.

607
00:39:53,280 --> 00:39:56,520
Speaker 1: And well, I was gonna say praying, But well, we

608
00:39:56,760 --> 00:39:59,000
Speaker 1: we live. That's the thing, though we literally don't know.

609
00:39:59,120 --> 00:40:01,920
Speaker 1: It's it's such and it's such an exciting thing. And

610
00:40:02,600 --> 00:40:08,280
Speaker 1: often we as a species think about space, deep space,

611
00:40:08,360 --> 00:40:13,600
Speaker 1: as as the vast unexplored territory. But this is vast

612
00:40:13,719 --> 00:40:18,360
Speaker 1: unexplored territory that you know and e cosmically in in

613
00:40:18,440 --> 00:40:22,120
Speaker 1: a cosmic sense or cosmic scale, is right next to us.

614
00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:26,239
Speaker 1: We're already there. And I'm interested to see. I'm very

615
00:40:26,320 --> 00:40:30,200
Speaker 1: interested in the future of Antarctica, and I know you

616
00:40:30,360 --> 00:40:32,000
Speaker 1: are too. As a matter of fact, this is one

617
00:40:32,040 --> 00:40:35,239
Speaker 1: of the things that we talked about off air that

618
00:40:35,320 --> 00:40:40,279
Speaker 1: would be uh one of the most important coming developments,

619
00:40:41,160 --> 00:40:45,799
Speaker 1: and that is who owns it? Precisely, who will own

620
00:40:45,880 --> 00:40:49,200
Speaker 1: Antarctica in the future, right, Yes, So we talked about

621
00:40:49,239 --> 00:40:54,360
Speaker 1: that treaty, the Antarctic Treaty. The it started out with

622
00:40:54,560 --> 00:40:59,520
Speaker 1: twelve countries and now there are fifty two because they

623
00:40:59,560 --> 00:41:01,759
Speaker 1: would start signing the terms of it so they could

624
00:41:01,800 --> 00:41:06,040
Speaker 1: send scientists down do some research. It has a couple

625
00:41:06,080 --> 00:41:10,600
Speaker 1: of very big provisions. The first one is that antarcticas

626
00:41:10,640 --> 00:41:16,080
Speaker 1: shall be used for peaceful purposes only, So no nuclear bases, guys,

627
00:41:16,520 --> 00:41:21,600
Speaker 1: no submarine reups. Uh, none of that. I feel like

628
00:41:21,719 --> 00:41:28,719
Speaker 1: that's a tough thing to enforce, but well don't it's not.

629
00:41:29,120 --> 00:41:31,520
Speaker 1: It's not impossible. I'm I'm sure it's a pain in

630
00:41:31,560 --> 00:41:33,480
Speaker 1: the butt. Yeah, yeah, that's what I mean, just to

631
00:41:33,640 --> 00:41:38,520
Speaker 1: even get a ship down there. Well, other other islands

632
00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:42,920
Speaker 1: in the area that are owned by various countries as

633
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:48,399
Speaker 1: research islands may not have those same stipulations. So, for instance, um,

634
00:41:48,800 --> 00:41:56,560
Speaker 1: if you're you know, like Queen maud islands are excuse me,

635
00:41:56,719 --> 00:42:02,360
Speaker 1: Queen maud Land is part of Antarctica, but what about

636
00:42:02,440 --> 00:42:06,600
Speaker 1: the islands off of that do they also qualify? And

637
00:42:06,880 --> 00:42:08,960
Speaker 1: these are things that are answered in the treaties, but

638
00:42:09,160 --> 00:42:14,120
Speaker 1: the answers may differ at certain points in time or

639
00:42:14,320 --> 00:42:19,360
Speaker 1: in in territorial reckoning. Another thing is that freedom of

640
00:42:19,440 --> 00:42:23,600
Speaker 1: scientific investigation Antarctica and cooperation towards that end should continue.

641
00:42:24,320 --> 00:42:30,560
Speaker 1: So if your scientists from the US and knowles scientists

642
00:42:30,680 --> 00:42:36,200
Speaker 1: from Finland and I'm a scientist from Azerbaijan or whatever.

643
00:42:36,280 --> 00:42:39,600
Speaker 1: It doesn't matter. Then, no matter what's really going on

644
00:42:39,719 --> 00:42:42,640
Speaker 1: with our countries, we should be able to cooperate as

645
00:42:42,960 --> 00:42:48,719
Speaker 1: academics and scientific observation and results from Antarctica shall be

646
00:42:48,880 --> 00:42:54,120
Speaker 1: made freely available. Snow keeping secrets, No saying we've discovered

647
00:42:54,160 --> 00:42:57,520
Speaker 1: the ruins of an ancient alien civilization. No one tell Greg.

648
00:42:59,040 --> 00:43:01,840
Speaker 1: You know what, I really we probably shouldn't tell Gregg.

649
00:43:02,760 --> 00:43:05,680
Speaker 1: He's just gonna get so excited, you know how he is.

650
00:43:06,520 --> 00:43:09,320
Speaker 1: He's gonna start telling everybody that he found it. He is.

651
00:43:09,680 --> 00:43:13,719
Speaker 1: I wish he never started that tumbler look what I

652
00:43:13,840 --> 00:43:18,400
Speaker 1: found dot combler dot com. Yeah, but so alright, so

653
00:43:18,600 --> 00:43:23,120
Speaker 1: right now there is this there is this agreement that holds.

654
00:43:23,320 --> 00:43:28,799
Speaker 1: But this agreement, this treaty UH is going to come

655
00:43:28,960 --> 00:43:35,840
Speaker 1: under some increasing pressure as as Antarctica becomes increasingly accessible,

656
00:43:36,360 --> 00:43:39,960
Speaker 1: right and important once the ice melts, What what kind

657
00:43:39,960 --> 00:43:44,359
Speaker 1: of mineral deposits are looking out at under there? You know? Yeah,

658
00:43:44,440 --> 00:43:47,200
Speaker 1: who's gonna be here's the crazy thing? Who's gonna be

659
00:43:47,600 --> 00:43:52,120
Speaker 1: worried about Antarctica when all this ice is melting? But well,

660
00:43:52,239 --> 00:43:54,399
Speaker 1: you know, actually, now that I think about a little

661
00:43:54,440 --> 00:43:57,680
Speaker 1: bit more, if the land ice really starts melting at

662
00:43:57,840 --> 00:44:01,640
Speaker 1: an increasing rate to a point where this land is livable,

663
00:44:02,880 --> 00:44:05,759
Speaker 1: we're gonna have to find new places for humans to live.

664
00:44:06,680 --> 00:44:11,400
Speaker 1: Maybe this is the answer. Wow, I don't. Yeah, these

665
00:44:11,440 --> 00:44:16,359
Speaker 1: coastal cities, I can't live there anymore. Yeah, but what's

666
00:44:16,400 --> 00:44:19,000
Speaker 1: the span of time for that too? That's a large

667
00:44:19,040 --> 00:44:23,120
Speaker 1: span of time. But eventually Antarctica might be the answer.

668
00:44:23,320 --> 00:44:25,520
Speaker 1: It might eventually it might be the new neighborhood for

669
00:44:25,640 --> 00:44:27,960
Speaker 1: people for a few million years until the next nine

670
00:44:28,040 --> 00:44:30,680
Speaker 1: age maybe. Yeah, And that depends on Oh, we shall

671
00:44:30,880 --> 00:44:33,759
Speaker 1: talk about the polls next. But the so yeah, so

672
00:44:33,880 --> 00:44:40,120
Speaker 1: Antarctica is has the potential to become a hot spot

673
00:44:40,480 --> 00:44:45,040
Speaker 1: for international competition, similar to the North Pole, where uh

674
00:44:45,960 --> 00:44:51,040
Speaker 1: soon probably if if you're listening, it's probably within your lifetime. Uh.

675
00:44:51,239 --> 00:44:55,279
Speaker 1: The there will be parts of the year where the

676
00:44:55,520 --> 00:44:59,440
Speaker 1: ice at the North Pole melts to the point where

677
00:45:00,320 --> 00:45:04,799
Speaker 1: ships can navigate across, which would be tremendous for international

678
00:45:04,880 --> 00:45:11,640
Speaker 1: shipping and also very dangerous for very dangerous for the

679
00:45:12,480 --> 00:45:16,920
Speaker 1: countries involved as they negotiate peace. You know. Uh, we're

680
00:45:16,920 --> 00:45:19,719
Speaker 1: talking about this software too. Once upon a time. Uh,

681
00:45:20,280 --> 00:45:24,760
Speaker 1: once upon a time, Alaska was called McKinley's folly because

682
00:45:24,880 --> 00:45:27,279
Speaker 1: he spent so much money on it. How would you

683
00:45:27,320 --> 00:45:31,600
Speaker 1: buy all this? Right? And you know listeners who are

684
00:45:31,640 --> 00:45:34,560
Speaker 1: not based in the US. I was thinking from this

685
00:45:34,680 --> 00:45:37,000
Speaker 1: perspective when I looked at a map of the fifty U.

686
00:45:37,120 --> 00:45:39,799
Speaker 1: S States recently, and I thought, Man, yeah, Alaska looks weird.

687
00:45:40,360 --> 00:45:44,080
Speaker 1: Alaska looks like how did you call that? What happened? Uh?

688
00:45:44,400 --> 00:45:49,800
Speaker 1: So Uh? The but the idea of these poles of

689
00:45:49,880 --> 00:45:54,680
Speaker 1: the world becoming becoming new regional hot spots or new

690
00:45:54,719 --> 00:45:58,920
Speaker 1: global hotspots is not as strange as it might sound.

691
00:45:59,520 --> 00:46:02,440
Speaker 1: And I know that it can be tremendously controversial for

692
00:46:02,560 --> 00:46:07,759
Speaker 1: people to talk about that stuff, but um, it's the

693
00:46:07,880 --> 00:46:11,200
Speaker 1: fact is it's happening. People are just talking about why

694
00:46:11,280 --> 00:46:18,040
Speaker 1: it's happening and what the timeline is. But the to

695
00:46:18,280 --> 00:46:21,360
Speaker 1: to paraphrase the old opera quote, the lady has sang

696
00:46:23,280 --> 00:46:25,960
Speaker 1: saying this is this is happening. There's not There's not

697
00:46:26,239 --> 00:46:31,920
Speaker 1: much people could do to bring back the ice. Right. Eventually,

698
00:46:32,160 --> 00:46:35,839
Speaker 1: it will eventually, at least in the in the North Pole. Uh,

699
00:46:36,040 --> 00:46:40,839
Speaker 1: it will it will be uh navigable by water because

700
00:46:40,880 --> 00:46:43,160
Speaker 1: it won't be that ice there all the year. But

701
00:46:43,480 --> 00:46:47,120
Speaker 1: again also I should probably hedge my bets there because

702
00:46:47,160 --> 00:46:50,839
Speaker 1: I said, in your lifetime. But we're not sure. Yeah,

703
00:46:50,960 --> 00:46:53,319
Speaker 1: we're not sure how old you are either. Listener. Yeah,

704
00:46:53,520 --> 00:46:55,680
Speaker 1: that's a very good point. So I'd like anybody who

705
00:46:56,160 --> 00:46:58,360
Speaker 1: who studies the climate professionally and to let me know

706
00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:01,000
Speaker 1: your estimates, would love to read them on air. Oh

707
00:47:01,080 --> 00:47:05,120
Speaker 1: and speaking corrections, we do have another one. I messed

708
00:47:05,160 --> 00:47:09,080
Speaker 1: this up. I slipped when we were talking um In

709
00:47:09,680 --> 00:47:16,320
Speaker 1: in our earlier episodes on on World War three. It

710
00:47:16,440 --> 00:47:23,560
Speaker 1: was Nikita Kruschev who gifted Crimea to Ukraine in nineteen

711
00:47:24,320 --> 00:47:29,840
Speaker 1: not Stalin. Yeah, it was Skruschev. So the uh, the

712
00:47:30,000 --> 00:47:34,000
Speaker 1: last last thing we talked about here is uh the

713
00:47:34,120 --> 00:47:38,080
Speaker 1: pole shifting. Oh yes, which came up recently on our

714
00:47:38,280 --> 00:47:44,000
Speaker 1: social media. Right. Uh, here's the long story short. All

715
00:47:44,120 --> 00:47:49,760
Speaker 1: the evidence indicates that every so often the magnetic poles

716
00:47:50,160 --> 00:47:56,279
Speaker 1: of Earth shift. So what this means is, essentially the

717
00:47:56,360 --> 00:47:58,520
Speaker 1: north pole becomes a south pole, south pole becomes the

718
00:47:58,600 --> 00:48:03,799
Speaker 1: north pole. Most times, it happens gradually the polls start

719
00:48:03,920 --> 00:48:07,120
Speaker 1: to slowly shift away from their part, and then the

720
00:48:07,320 --> 00:48:10,800
Speaker 1: north that your compass points to is not the geographical

721
00:48:10,960 --> 00:48:15,000
Speaker 1: north right. And this, I mean this is something people

722
00:48:15,040 --> 00:48:18,480
Speaker 1: know if you use a compass. But other times it's

723
00:48:18,600 --> 00:48:24,080
Speaker 1: just flipped like like fresh banding, like the Life of

724
00:48:24,200 --> 00:48:26,319
Speaker 1: the Fresh Prince of val Air and his theme song

725
00:48:26,600 --> 00:48:33,480
Speaker 1: just gets flipped turned upside down and this but this, uh,

726
00:48:34,400 --> 00:48:35,960
Speaker 1: you know, I just bring this up because we're talking

727
00:48:35,960 --> 00:48:38,400
Speaker 1: about the polls. Every so often you hear people worrying

728
00:48:38,400 --> 00:48:41,800
Speaker 1: about this. This is another thing where we know that

729
00:48:42,480 --> 00:48:48,520
Speaker 1: historically we're overdue for it. But uh, when when does

730
00:48:48,600 --> 00:48:51,719
Speaker 1: that date actually come? Do? No one knows really how

731
00:48:51,800 --> 00:48:54,920
Speaker 1: to calculate it well. And the effects of a of

732
00:48:55,040 --> 00:48:58,879
Speaker 1: a polar versal like that, it's because we're talking about

733
00:48:59,000 --> 00:49:04,480
Speaker 1: the main the magneto sphere and you know, the inner

734
00:49:04,960 --> 00:49:09,160
Speaker 1: mechanics of the magnetic nature of Earth. Um. I don't

735
00:49:09,280 --> 00:49:12,160
Speaker 1: have all that information ben about how what it's going

736
00:49:12,239 --> 00:49:15,200
Speaker 1: to do exactly when it happens. But it seems like

737
00:49:15,239 --> 00:49:19,600
Speaker 1: the effects aren't going to be massive. No, No, well,

738
00:49:19,680 --> 00:49:25,120
Speaker 1: I think the effects will be probably the effects probably

739
00:49:25,120 --> 00:49:29,800
Speaker 1: be massive for certain migratory species that depend on that reckoning,

740
00:49:30,239 --> 00:49:34,319
Speaker 1: Uh to navigate the world, so to understand which way

741
00:49:34,400 --> 00:49:39,640
Speaker 1: is north? Yeah? Uh? And oh and no speaking of

742
00:49:39,840 --> 00:49:42,640
Speaker 1: North as we sow this up, guys, I know we

743
00:49:42,719 --> 00:49:45,120
Speaker 1: didn't get to everything. We're a little over our time.

744
00:49:45,200 --> 00:49:48,920
Speaker 1: I just saw no buddy Kristen and stuff. Mom never

745
00:49:49,040 --> 00:49:52,279
Speaker 1: told you walked by. Well we well, first thing we

746
00:49:52,360 --> 00:49:59,440
Speaker 1: have to do, Ben is really fast starts miss Okay, No, yes, man,

747
00:50:01,000 --> 00:50:02,720
Speaker 1: I just I just had to talk to you that, okay.

748
00:50:02,840 --> 00:50:04,960
Speaker 1: I just need to hear your voice. I was feeling scared.

749
00:50:05,080 --> 00:50:07,640
Speaker 1: No not if you know, it looks good, you kind

750
00:50:07,680 --> 00:50:11,960
Speaker 1: of you're kind of unhinged. Sorry, I'm really sorry. It's good.

751
00:50:12,520 --> 00:50:15,440
Speaker 1: I've just never seen you like this. Man. It's very

752
00:50:15,480 --> 00:50:18,320
Speaker 1: strange because I'm freezing right now, but I know my

753
00:50:18,440 --> 00:50:21,719
Speaker 1: internal temperature is very hot, and I've got my hoodie on.

754
00:50:22,440 --> 00:50:24,880
Speaker 1: It's a horrible it's kind of hot water bottle nestled

755
00:50:24,920 --> 00:50:30,719
Speaker 1: underneath his chin, like it's the blood like your face. Yeah,

756
00:50:32,360 --> 00:50:35,520
Speaker 1: it's so funny. I was I was watching Mr Robot

757
00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:40,600
Speaker 1: last night and this isn't really a spoiler alert, but

758
00:50:40,880 --> 00:50:43,560
Speaker 1: I I just okay, So he is kicking a habit.

759
00:50:44,320 --> 00:50:47,759
Speaker 1: One of the characters is kicking a habit, and he's

760
00:50:47,760 --> 00:50:50,320
Speaker 1: having the night sweats and going through all that stuff,

761
00:50:50,640 --> 00:50:53,640
Speaker 1: and I was watching it, identifying so hard with his

762
00:50:53,800 --> 00:50:58,000
Speaker 1: character at that moment. Holy crap, Yeah you like in

763
00:50:58,040 --> 00:51:01,200
Speaker 1: the show. Oh yeah, watched the first episode. I really

764
00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:04,719
Speaker 1: enjoyed it. I need to. I can't speak highly enough

765
00:51:04,760 --> 00:51:08,560
Speaker 1: about it. The cinematography of this past episode. I can't

766
00:51:08,600 --> 00:51:10,560
Speaker 1: place that guy. I feel like I've seen him in

767
00:51:10,640 --> 00:51:12,799
Speaker 1: something that I liked, but I cannot, for the life

768
00:51:12,840 --> 00:51:15,279
Speaker 1: of me, figure out what it was. I'm not positive either.

769
00:51:15,400 --> 00:51:18,840
Speaker 1: Now I just see him as that character. All right, Ben? Sorry, no, no, no,

770
00:51:19,120 --> 00:51:22,120
Speaker 1: what did this? Uh? This Antarctic discussion at least cool

771
00:51:22,200 --> 00:51:26,440
Speaker 1: you down? Are you gonna are you gonna do? Are

772
00:51:26,480 --> 00:51:28,239
Speaker 1: you gonna put in? Did you just put in like

773
00:51:28,560 --> 00:51:32,960
Speaker 1: a drum roll? Yeah? I did it with my mind? Okay, Well,

774
00:51:33,160 --> 00:51:35,560
Speaker 1: well we heard in post much like Antarctica, my ice

775
00:51:35,800 --> 00:51:40,000
Speaker 1: is melting rapidly. Well it's time to trundle you off

776
00:51:40,080 --> 00:51:43,680
Speaker 1: to a sick bed. So well, Uh no, I have

777
00:51:43,840 --> 00:51:45,480
Speaker 1: to I have to ask. I have to ask both

778
00:51:45,480 --> 00:51:47,759
Speaker 1: of you guys, would you, given the chance, take a

779
00:51:47,840 --> 00:51:52,000
Speaker 1: trip to Antarctica? Don't they do like cruises or something? Yeah?

780
00:51:52,040 --> 00:51:55,319
Speaker 1: I got very close to us sneaking aboard. I mean,

781
00:51:55,400 --> 00:51:58,400
Speaker 1: not as a stowaway. I got very one of my

782
00:51:58,520 --> 00:52:01,920
Speaker 1: friends family. She was she was going with them because

783
00:52:02,640 --> 00:52:05,680
Speaker 1: her parents had, I don't know, retired or was the

784
00:52:05,800 --> 00:52:08,680
Speaker 1: anniversary or something. And they said, oh, we're gonna go

785
00:52:08,760 --> 00:52:13,000
Speaker 1: to Antarctica and it's like a punishment. It's more affordable

786
00:52:13,280 --> 00:52:16,480
Speaker 1: if more people go with us, and so you know,

787
00:52:16,680 --> 00:52:19,279
Speaker 1: I'm here cheap skate. So I said, how affordable is

788
00:52:19,400 --> 00:52:21,360
Speaker 1: what do you mean? You know, might have different ideas,

789
00:52:21,560 --> 00:52:24,839
Speaker 1: but I was all set to go. And then apparently,

790
00:52:25,000 --> 00:52:27,399
Speaker 1: and I can only tell this story on the air

791
00:52:27,880 --> 00:52:31,880
Speaker 1: because I'm not going to use the names, but apparently

792
00:52:32,360 --> 00:52:36,080
Speaker 1: turned out it was more the dad's thing, and the

793
00:52:36,200 --> 00:52:38,400
Speaker 1: wife eventually put her foot down and said, you know,

794
00:52:38,560 --> 00:52:42,320
Speaker 1: this is my anniversary too, Why the hell are we

795
00:52:42,480 --> 00:52:45,520
Speaker 1: going to Antarctica. What are you trying to say about

796
00:52:45,560 --> 00:52:49,120
Speaker 1: our marriage? Which is which was a which is a

797
00:52:49,200 --> 00:52:50,800
Speaker 1: nice little But that was my one chance to go.

798
00:52:51,120 --> 00:52:53,759
Speaker 1: And there was another expedition where these guys were going

799
00:52:53,800 --> 00:52:56,800
Speaker 1: to send people out to find an entrance to the

800
00:52:56,880 --> 00:52:59,680
Speaker 1: hollow Earth and yeah, and you could sign up on

801
00:52:59,800 --> 00:53:04,719
Speaker 1: line to submit your qualifications and this was um we

802
00:53:04,840 --> 00:53:09,480
Speaker 1: were working together. So remember I never heard back from him. So, guys,

803
00:53:09,560 --> 00:53:12,200
Speaker 1: if you're checking out the show. Let me know how

804
00:53:12,239 --> 00:53:14,160
Speaker 1: it went. We'll go on the next one if you're

805
00:53:14,320 --> 00:53:16,800
Speaker 1: If you let us, I don't know. Maybe their WiFi

806
00:53:16,920 --> 00:53:18,799
Speaker 1: is not good being in the hollow earth and all.

807
00:53:19,320 --> 00:53:20,960
Speaker 1: Uh so, no, what do you what do you think

808
00:53:20,960 --> 00:53:23,320
Speaker 1: about the episode before we close out? But anything? No,

809
00:53:23,400 --> 00:53:24,840
Speaker 1: I don't know how anything in particular. I think you

810
00:53:24,880 --> 00:53:29,719
Speaker 1: guys were thorough as usual. Um, I think there's some

811
00:53:29,840 --> 00:53:32,120
Speaker 1: interesting things to think about. I don't think we were

812
00:53:32,160 --> 00:53:34,040
Speaker 1: a man. I think there's so much more we could do.

813
00:53:34,400 --> 00:53:36,400
Speaker 1: I want to go to Antarctica, sign up on a

814
00:53:36,520 --> 00:53:40,319
Speaker 1: research station, put my two years in or whatever. And uh,

815
00:53:40,880 --> 00:53:43,120
Speaker 1: I want to find the thing. You want to find

816
00:53:43,160 --> 00:53:46,319
Speaker 1: the thing? You think it's down there. I think there's

817
00:53:46,320 --> 00:53:49,439
Speaker 1: a possibility too that we talked about it, like, could

818
00:53:49,520 --> 00:53:56,040
Speaker 1: you accidentally dig too deep and resurrect some contagion or

819
00:53:56,120 --> 00:53:59,239
Speaker 1: pathogen The thing was, By the way, what is the thing?

820
00:53:59,440 --> 00:54:03,000
Speaker 1: The thing was an alien life form that landed. Yeah,

821
00:54:04,080 --> 00:54:07,279
Speaker 1: but it's so it's hard to say exactly what it

822
00:54:07,600 --> 00:54:11,680
Speaker 1: is because you don't really see its natural shape. It's

823
00:54:11,760 --> 00:54:15,239
Speaker 1: the ambiguous type for a while. Yeah, but yeah, we know.

824
00:54:15,320 --> 00:54:17,000
Speaker 1: I mean, you didn't even talk about that a possible

825
00:54:17,040 --> 00:54:22,000
Speaker 1: contagion or a viral life form that lives there. We

826
00:54:22,120 --> 00:54:24,360
Speaker 1: should get to We should do that in a future

827
00:54:24,400 --> 00:54:27,560
Speaker 1: episode about a disease wiping out the earth, which is

828
00:54:28,200 --> 00:54:32,920
Speaker 1: one of the one of historically one of the most

829
00:54:33,800 --> 00:54:37,839
Speaker 1: dangerous disasters, right, even more so than an earthquake. Quick

830
00:54:37,880 --> 00:54:40,080
Speaker 1: trivia question. Yes, we can cut this if you want.

831
00:54:40,280 --> 00:54:42,080
Speaker 1: It was a trivia question the other week when I

832
00:54:42,120 --> 00:54:43,960
Speaker 1: was playing, Um, do you know the names of the

833
00:54:44,080 --> 00:54:47,960
Speaker 1: two types of plague that made up the black plague?

834
00:54:50,960 --> 00:54:57,520
Speaker 1: And then there's the other one, uh, Gregg's plague. I've

835
00:54:57,520 --> 00:55:02,200
Speaker 1: already forgotten what it was. You've already forgotten what I

836
00:55:02,280 --> 00:55:05,640
Speaker 1: think it was like, neumonic christneumonic plague. Yeah, that's what

837
00:55:05,719 --> 00:55:10,239
Speaker 1: it was exactly. It was the bubonicnemonic. That sounds like

838
00:55:10,320 --> 00:55:20,160
Speaker 1: a fun plague that it helps you remember the mubonic plague. Yes, well,

839
00:55:20,520 --> 00:55:25,440
Speaker 1: well playeds are well plagued. On that note, We're we

840
00:55:25,600 --> 00:55:29,439
Speaker 1: better get out of here before Kristen Christy comes back

841
00:55:29,560 --> 00:55:33,919
Speaker 1: for revenge. So we hope that you did enjoy this episode. Again,

842
00:55:33,960 --> 00:55:35,839
Speaker 1: there's a lot of stuff we didn't get to, uh,

843
00:55:36,000 --> 00:55:38,759
Speaker 1: but we would like to hear from you with your

844
00:55:38,840 --> 00:55:42,080
Speaker 1: thoughts on the future of Antarctica, any of the things

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Speaker 1: we've discussed before, and any ideas you have for an

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Speaker 1: upcoming episode. And that's the end of this classic episode.

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