1 00:00:00,520 --> 00:00:03,120 Speaker 1: He let you know, USA listener, heads up, there's going 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:05,840 Speaker 1: to be some four letter words that drop in this episode. 3 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:06,600 Speaker 1: So now you know. 4 00:00:07,920 --> 00:00:10,440 Speaker 2: You can see Hottis from how we're standing. You can 5 00:00:10,480 --> 00:00:13,120 Speaker 2: see the buildings across the river. You can see the 6 00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:18,160 Speaker 2: fence right there that divides the two countries. So Hottis 7 00:00:18,280 --> 00:00:19,479 Speaker 2: is right in view. 8 00:00:20,960 --> 00:00:23,720 Speaker 3: It's the cusp of summer as the sun sets over 9 00:00:23,800 --> 00:00:28,480 Speaker 3: La Frontera. I joined doctor Yolanda Leva, a history professor 10 00:00:28,600 --> 00:00:32,160 Speaker 3: at the University of Texas at ol Paso, and there's 11 00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:36,240 Speaker 3: also Da Vidromo, a historian who specializes on the US 12 00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:37,440 Speaker 3: Mexico borderlines. 13 00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:41,080 Speaker 4: Just from this street alone, I mean, you could just 14 00:00:41,159 --> 00:00:44,960 Speaker 4: go building by building and it tells you the most 15 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:48,320 Speaker 4: important chapters of Mexican American history. 16 00:00:49,080 --> 00:00:51,600 Speaker 3: We are within walking distance of the Paso the North 17 00:00:51,640 --> 00:00:54,279 Speaker 3: the Bridge, one of the border bridges that connects al 18 00:00:54,360 --> 00:00:57,760 Speaker 3: Paso to see La Juartes. The Rio Grande River, the 19 00:00:57,880 --> 00:01:02,160 Speaker 3: natural division between the United States and Mexico snakes below 20 00:01:02,200 --> 00:01:05,160 Speaker 3: the bridge. The three of us are standing in front 21 00:01:05,240 --> 00:01:09,360 Speaker 3: of a red brick apartment building in Segundovarrio, a historic 22 00:01:09,400 --> 00:01:14,200 Speaker 3: neighborhood in downtown Alpaso. In the late eighteen, hundreds thousands 23 00:01:14,200 --> 00:01:18,880 Speaker 3: of Mexican immigrants passed through or lived in Segundovarrio. It's 24 00:01:18,920 --> 00:01:21,200 Speaker 3: also known as the Ellis Island of the. 25 00:01:21,160 --> 00:01:25,119 Speaker 4: Border, not the other Alice Island. What you original Alisilo. 26 00:01:26,520 --> 00:01:29,440 Speaker 3: The colorful streets of this neighborhood are full with layers 27 00:01:29,440 --> 00:01:32,920 Speaker 3: of history. Once it was home to El Tostado or 28 00:01:33,160 --> 00:01:33,880 Speaker 3: Don Tosti. 29 00:01:34,360 --> 00:01:38,600 Speaker 4: He was the first Mexican American musician to sell more 30 00:01:38,600 --> 00:01:41,640 Speaker 4: than a million records, and he was a patrico. 31 00:01:42,680 --> 00:01:46,400 Speaker 3: A few blocks down lift Avelaro Delgado, a Chicano writer 32 00:01:46,560 --> 00:01:52,000 Speaker 3: and community organizer. But there's someone else who lived inside 33 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:55,000 Speaker 3: the red brick apartment building we're standing in front of, 34 00:01:55,560 --> 00:02:00,440 Speaker 3: whose legacy and history has not always been whitely selld braided. 35 00:02:01,880 --> 00:02:08,120 Speaker 3: In this exact apartment once lived Teresa Uria, a Mexican revolutionary, 36 00:02:08,639 --> 00:02:12,200 Speaker 3: a kurandera or healer, and a feminist. 37 00:02:12,560 --> 00:02:15,520 Speaker 4: She was everything. She was a curandera, she was a 38 00:02:15,560 --> 00:02:19,120 Speaker 4: newspaper editor. I mean so many people were drawn to 39 00:02:19,160 --> 00:02:22,520 Speaker 4: her charisma that literally hundreds of people would set up 40 00:02:22,560 --> 00:02:24,440 Speaker 4: tents in front of our home there. 41 00:02:25,200 --> 00:02:28,280 Speaker 3: In eighteen ninety six, Teresa Aurea moved to a Passo. 42 00:02:28,800 --> 00:02:31,880 Speaker 3: People loved her. They worshiped her like a saint. 43 00:02:32,520 --> 00:02:36,760 Speaker 4: Teresita became a symbol of a forgotten history that was 44 00:02:36,840 --> 00:02:40,160 Speaker 4: utterly fascinating. I mean, she was like the Selina of 45 00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:40,920 Speaker 4: her time. 46 00:02:44,760 --> 00:02:48,800 Speaker 1: From Fuduro Media and PRX It's Latino Usa. I'm Maria 47 00:02:48,919 --> 00:02:51,760 Speaker 1: no posa. Today we bring back to life the forgotten 48 00:02:51,800 --> 00:02:55,639 Speaker 1: story of Teresa Uria, known as the Mexican Joan of arc. 49 00:03:03,919 --> 00:03:06,959 Speaker 1: Back in two thousand and six, the city of Elbaso 50 00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:11,119 Speaker 1: approved a plan to demolish segund No Barrio, the neighborhood 51 00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:15,000 Speaker 1: where Teresa Rea healed hundreds of people in her home 52 00:03:15,160 --> 00:03:19,639 Speaker 1: in the eighteen hundreds. Teresa was a kurandera, someone who 53 00:03:19,760 --> 00:03:24,560 Speaker 1: uses herbs and traditional healing methods, but her abilities didn't 54 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:28,920 Speaker 1: stop there. According to various accounts, Teresa also had a 55 00:03:29,040 --> 00:03:35,320 Speaker 1: special power. She could heal through touch. People believed Teresa 56 00:03:35,480 --> 00:03:40,280 Speaker 1: was a saint, but her fame went beyond healing bodies. 57 00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:45,080 Speaker 1: Teresa's vision of love and equality touched hearts and minds, 58 00:03:45,160 --> 00:03:50,880 Speaker 1: inspiring rebellions in Mexico against the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, 59 00:03:51,440 --> 00:03:54,720 Speaker 1: so much so that Diaz called the nineteen year old 60 00:03:55,200 --> 00:04:00,280 Speaker 1: the most dangerous girl in Mexico. Despite it all, though says, 61 00:04:00,440 --> 00:04:07,080 Speaker 1: life got erased from history books and museums. To understand 62 00:04:07,120 --> 00:04:10,680 Speaker 1: the story of Terres Aurea is to understand what gets 63 00:04:10,800 --> 00:04:16,159 Speaker 1: remembered and what gets forgotten. Historians dabid Romo and jolan 64 00:04:16,200 --> 00:04:19,440 Speaker 1: Na Leeba were part of a movement that resisted El 65 00:04:19,480 --> 00:04:25,600 Speaker 1: Baso's plan to demolish Dereesa's old neighborhood. They created Museo Urbano, 66 00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:29,719 Speaker 1: a space to celebrate the legacy of Segundo Barrio and 67 00:04:29,800 --> 00:04:33,520 Speaker 1: the history of its once predilic daughter. As we mark 68 00:04:33,560 --> 00:04:36,520 Speaker 1: International Women's Day on March eighth, today, we're going to 69 00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:39,160 Speaker 1: bring you the story of a woman whose legacy deserves 70 00:04:39,160 --> 00:04:44,080 Speaker 1: to be celebrated. Our producer Marieesquinka has the story, which 71 00:04:44,120 --> 00:04:45,800 Speaker 1: we first aired in twenty twenty one. 72 00:04:47,320 --> 00:04:51,000 Speaker 3: Terre Saurra was born in eighteen seventy three in the 73 00:04:51,120 --> 00:04:55,960 Speaker 3: last screen state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Her mother, Kayetana Chaves, 74 00:04:56,080 --> 00:04:59,000 Speaker 3: was an indigenous woman. She worked in the ranch of 75 00:04:59,040 --> 00:05:03,440 Speaker 3: don To mass a tall, light skinned, rich asandala with 76 00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:09,440 Speaker 3: Spanish lineage, notorious for his wondering eye. Kayetana was just 77 00:05:09,600 --> 00:05:13,159 Speaker 3: fourteen years old when she gave birth to Tennisita, the 78 00:05:13,320 --> 00:05:14,880 Speaker 3: daughter of tomas Urrea. 79 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:19,520 Speaker 2: So if we're looking at it from the perspective of 80 00:05:19,640 --> 00:05:23,599 Speaker 2: society back then, fourteen is a pretty common age to 81 00:05:23,680 --> 00:05:26,360 Speaker 2: get married and to start having children. 82 00:05:27,080 --> 00:05:30,960 Speaker 3: This is Yolanda again Achicana, historian at the University of 83 00:05:31,000 --> 00:05:35,000 Speaker 3: Texas at al Paso. She specializes in border history. 84 00:05:35,360 --> 00:05:38,960 Speaker 2: What is not different is that power relationship that he's 85 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:44,200 Speaker 2: her employer, so we don't know like did she want 86 00:05:44,240 --> 00:05:49,919 Speaker 2: to have sex with him or was it forced. So 87 00:05:50,000 --> 00:05:52,640 Speaker 2: if we look at that power dynamic, then I think 88 00:05:52,680 --> 00:05:54,280 Speaker 2: it's very questionable. 89 00:05:55,240 --> 00:05:58,760 Speaker 3: In an interview, Teresa said she was an illegitimate child. 90 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:02,800 Speaker 3: She was one of nineteen children don tomas Urrea had 91 00:06:02,880 --> 00:06:07,120 Speaker 3: outside of his marriage. As a child, Dedesita must have 92 00:06:07,200 --> 00:06:11,119 Speaker 3: stood out as a mestisa. She's described as having light skin, 93 00:06:11,480 --> 00:06:17,080 Speaker 3: large brown eyes, and long black hair. In eighteen eighty, 94 00:06:17,160 --> 00:06:21,120 Speaker 3: when Teresa was seven years old, Portfirio Diaz's first term 95 00:06:21,200 --> 00:06:25,600 Speaker 3: as president of Mexico was ending a military general. He 96 00:06:25,640 --> 00:06:28,640 Speaker 3: came into office by staging a coup and reigned over 97 00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:33,120 Speaker 3: Mexico for more than thirty years. The general would shape 98 00:06:33,160 --> 00:06:37,880 Speaker 3: the course of Teresa's life. Porfirio Diaz's time in office 99 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:40,839 Speaker 3: is known as the Portfiriato. He ruled with an iron 100 00:06:40,880 --> 00:06:44,359 Speaker 3: fist and secured his presidency by installing his supporters and 101 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:49,520 Speaker 3: possessions of power. His opponents were sometimes assassinated. 102 00:06:49,400 --> 00:06:53,880 Speaker 4: And he basically controlled the whole shebang, you know, all 103 00:06:53,920 --> 00:06:58,960 Speaker 4: of Mexico through corruption, through just having the just keeping 104 00:06:59,040 --> 00:07:03,160 Speaker 4: a good relationship with the oligarchy in every different state. 105 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:07,640 Speaker 3: This is Da Vidromo again, the history professor who specializes 106 00:07:07,720 --> 00:07:11,320 Speaker 3: on the borderlands. He wrote about Teresa Ure in Ringside 107 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:14,400 Speaker 3: Seat to a Revolution, his book about al Paso and 108 00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:21,280 Speaker 3: Sulahuardes's connection to the Mexican Revolution. In Sinaloa, Teresa's father, Tomasura, 109 00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:24,160 Speaker 3: is forced to leave the state because he didn't support 110 00:07:24,160 --> 00:07:28,120 Speaker 3: the Daz backed candidate for governor. Don Tomasura decided to 111 00:07:28,160 --> 00:07:31,760 Speaker 3: move to another family owned ranch further north in Kawoa, 112 00:07:32,160 --> 00:07:35,080 Speaker 3: a city in the neighboring state of Sonora, some two 113 00:07:35,120 --> 00:07:40,360 Speaker 3: hundred miles away. Kayetana and Teresa, who was seven years 114 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:42,920 Speaker 3: old at the time, were among the hundreds of people 115 00:07:42,920 --> 00:07:46,720 Speaker 3: who joined tomas Urrea in his exile from Sinaloa. For 116 00:07:46,800 --> 00:07:49,760 Speaker 3: all of her childhood and into her teenage, years. Teresa 117 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:52,360 Speaker 3: grew up with her mother in separate quarters from the ranch. 118 00:07:52,920 --> 00:07:56,080 Speaker 3: She grew up in poverty, surrounded by indigenous people like 119 00:07:56,080 --> 00:07:56,760 Speaker 3: her mother. 120 00:07:58,640 --> 00:08:02,720 Speaker 2: Is growing up in this time of great changes in Mexico, 121 00:08:02,880 --> 00:08:07,320 Speaker 2: great economic changes, and the rich are getting richer and 122 00:08:07,360 --> 00:08:11,320 Speaker 2: the poor are getting poorer. And there's a little middle class, 123 00:08:11,400 --> 00:08:13,320 Speaker 2: but it doesn't have much power. 124 00:08:14,320 --> 00:08:17,360 Speaker 3: Teresita didn't go to school until she was nine years old, 125 00:08:17,440 --> 00:08:22,880 Speaker 3: but she didn't want to study. The more and more 126 00:08:22,960 --> 00:08:26,640 Speaker 3: I read about Teresa, the more obsessed I became. There 127 00:08:26,680 --> 00:08:30,960 Speaker 3: was something marvelous or otherworldly about her. The details that 128 00:08:31,040 --> 00:08:35,920 Speaker 3: seeped in through newspapers, interviews, and archives were fascinating. Take 129 00:08:35,960 --> 00:08:38,960 Speaker 3: this quote, for example, taken from an interview in the 130 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:43,040 Speaker 3: San Francisco Examiner in nineteen hundred, where she described how 131 00:08:43,040 --> 00:08:43,880 Speaker 3: she learned to read. 132 00:08:44,640 --> 00:08:46,720 Speaker 5: Later, I felt I wanted to learn how to read, 133 00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:49,840 Speaker 5: and I learned my alphabet from a very very old lady. 134 00:08:50,640 --> 00:08:54,120 Speaker 5: My writing came to me of itself. I wanted to write, 135 00:08:54,200 --> 00:08:56,760 Speaker 5: and I wrote. But how I learned I don't know, 136 00:08:57,080 --> 00:09:00,160 Speaker 5: for I was not taught on the floor of my 137 00:09:00,160 --> 00:09:02,800 Speaker 5: mother's house. I first wrote with my little finger in 138 00:09:02,840 --> 00:09:03,320 Speaker 5: the dust. 139 00:09:04,400 --> 00:09:08,240 Speaker 3: The quotuo hear of Teresa are taken from English newspaper articles. 140 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:12,200 Speaker 3: Teresa didn't speak English, so they are translations and they 141 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:17,679 Speaker 3: are voiced by one of our producers, Victoria Estra. When 142 00:09:17,720 --> 00:09:23,040 Speaker 3: Teresa was fifteen years old, her mother, Kayitana, disappeared. It's 143 00:09:23,120 --> 00:09:27,439 Speaker 3: not clear why. Like many details in Teresa's life, there 144 00:09:27,480 --> 00:09:30,200 Speaker 3: are things we just don't know that have been lost 145 00:09:30,320 --> 00:09:35,640 Speaker 3: in the historical record. After her mother disappeared, Don tomas 146 00:09:35,760 --> 00:09:38,880 Speaker 3: Urrea ordered Teresa to move into the ranch with him. 147 00:09:39,320 --> 00:09:44,320 Speaker 3: Teresa's life completely changed. The dirt floors she grew up 148 00:09:44,360 --> 00:09:47,839 Speaker 3: with were replaced by the white adove walls of her 149 00:09:47,840 --> 00:09:53,199 Speaker 3: father's large ascienda. Don to mass Urias's mistress, a teenager 150 00:09:53,720 --> 00:09:57,800 Speaker 3: nearly the same age as Teresita, lived in the ascienda too. 151 00:10:00,400 --> 00:10:03,800 Speaker 3: At her father's ranch, Teresa became an apprentice to Wila, 152 00:10:04,160 --> 00:10:07,920 Speaker 3: a Yaqui Kurandera, who worked for her father. The Yaquis 153 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:12,920 Speaker 3: are an indigenous group in Sonora. Through Wila, Teresa learned 154 00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:16,439 Speaker 3: how to heal by using plants, part of an indigenous 155 00:10:16,520 --> 00:10:22,400 Speaker 3: traditional medicine practice known as kurandrismo that predates the sixteenth 156 00:10:22,400 --> 00:10:27,360 Speaker 3: century Guran Deismo refers to a system of healing practice 157 00:10:27,400 --> 00:10:32,040 Speaker 3: in Mexico, Latin America, and in places with large Mexican 158 00:10:32,120 --> 00:10:40,240 Speaker 3: communities like the US Mexico borderlands. Prior to the Spanish 159 00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:44,240 Speaker 3: colonization of Mexico, there were indigenous healers across the region. 160 00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:50,920 Speaker 2: If you look at traditional medicine among indigenous people before 161 00:10:50,960 --> 00:10:56,160 Speaker 2: the Europeans came, everybody was very specialized. Some people knew 162 00:10:56,160 --> 00:11:00,720 Speaker 2: about plants, some people knew how to work with bones, 163 00:11:01,200 --> 00:11:05,640 Speaker 2: some people knew how to do massages, just like we 164 00:11:05,679 --> 00:11:08,559 Speaker 2: would think of a medical specialization today. 165 00:11:09,640 --> 00:11:13,120 Speaker 3: It's believed gordandros have a special don or gift that 166 00:11:13,240 --> 00:11:17,280 Speaker 3: allows them to cure others, and unlike Western medicine, gourdan 167 00:11:17,320 --> 00:11:20,960 Speaker 3: derisma is not limited to the physical body. It concerns 168 00:11:20,960 --> 00:11:24,960 Speaker 3: itself with the psychological, spiritual, social, and health needs of 169 00:11:24,960 --> 00:11:30,040 Speaker 3: a person. That mind and body are connected. With Spanish 170 00:11:30,040 --> 00:11:34,160 Speaker 3: colonization in the sixteenth century, indigenous healing methods merge with 171 00:11:34,280 --> 00:11:38,760 Speaker 3: European practices. The word gourandeto comes from the Spanish word kurat, 172 00:11:39,040 --> 00:11:40,400 Speaker 3: which means to heal. 173 00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:47,320 Speaker 2: So then when the Spanish come and begin to control society, 174 00:11:48,480 --> 00:11:53,480 Speaker 2: they too want to undermine the idea that indigenous people 175 00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:59,560 Speaker 2: have knowledge or can contribute, so they don't want people 176 00:11:59,679 --> 00:12:03,920 Speaker 2: to think, oh, look at this highly specialized medical system. 177 00:12:04,360 --> 00:12:07,880 Speaker 3: Gurand Rismo was looked down upon by Spanish physicians and 178 00:12:08,080 --> 00:12:13,079 Speaker 3: was even considered criminal. During the Mexican Inquisition, Gurandrismo was 179 00:12:13,120 --> 00:12:18,840 Speaker 3: a prosecutable crime. Characteristics of kurand Rismo include ritual Catholic prayer, 180 00:12:19,000 --> 00:12:21,320 Speaker 3: the use of plants and herbs, and the belief in 181 00:12:21,360 --> 00:12:26,640 Speaker 3: God or Creator. To become a Kurandea takes years of training. 182 00:12:26,960 --> 00:12:29,760 Speaker 3: It's not something anyone can just pick up. It's a 183 00:12:29,800 --> 00:12:32,439 Speaker 3: commitment that is taken very seriously. 184 00:12:33,000 --> 00:12:36,559 Speaker 2: So it's just like I wouldn't take a biology class 185 00:12:36,600 --> 00:12:41,480 Speaker 2: and say I'm a doctor now. People shouldn't call themselves 186 00:12:41,520 --> 00:12:45,600 Speaker 2: at Kurandeta if they have not really thoroughly trained, and 187 00:12:45,679 --> 00:12:50,320 Speaker 2: they have a teacher who has trained them. 188 00:12:50,360 --> 00:12:53,480 Speaker 3: Back in our passo, I'm in the house of Greece. Munos. 189 00:12:53,679 --> 00:12:57,280 Speaker 3: My name is Grice Munos, a self described moher medicina 190 00:12:57,400 --> 00:13:03,400 Speaker 3: or a curandera. She burns gotv mesquite, coppal, lavender, and tobacco. 191 00:13:04,280 --> 00:13:07,800 Speaker 3: The smoke fills a room and hovers around us, swirling 192 00:13:07,840 --> 00:13:12,440 Speaker 3: in esses grease feels connected to Teresa. She has a 193 00:13:12,440 --> 00:13:13,920 Speaker 3: picture of her and her altar. 194 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:16,400 Speaker 2: I'm very connected to Teresita. 195 00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:20,160 Speaker 6: She's been watching me a long time, and Teresita is 196 00:13:20,160 --> 00:13:22,360 Speaker 6: still around. She hasn't gone anywhere. 197 00:13:23,679 --> 00:13:27,199 Speaker 3: Greece is also close friends with one of Teresa's living relatives, 198 00:13:27,520 --> 00:13:32,360 Speaker 3: the Chicano writer Luis Albertore. Like Teresa, Greece was the 199 00:13:32,400 --> 00:13:36,960 Speaker 3: apprentice of Akurandetra for years. Grease works with the spirit. 200 00:13:37,520 --> 00:13:42,320 Speaker 6: I'm not a midwife, I'm not a I'm not a wescera. 201 00:13:43,400 --> 00:13:48,320 Speaker 6: Women tend to find me when they've gotten themselves a 202 00:13:48,320 --> 00:13:52,640 Speaker 6: bit lost. Maybe they just went through a major change, 203 00:13:53,960 --> 00:13:59,559 Speaker 6: maybe they need to accept something, a death of some type. 204 00:14:00,080 --> 00:14:03,520 Speaker 6: That's really where I come in. I can't speak for 205 00:14:03,559 --> 00:14:08,240 Speaker 6: all curanderos, but essentially especially the ones that work with 206 00:14:08,280 --> 00:14:11,080 Speaker 6: the spirit like I do. We're just here to help 207 00:14:11,120 --> 00:14:13,120 Speaker 6: you reconnect. 208 00:14:16,640 --> 00:14:21,400 Speaker 3: In the borderlands, grandismo is still very prevalent. The borderlands 209 00:14:21,480 --> 00:14:25,000 Speaker 3: used to be part of Mexico until the mid nineteenth century, 210 00:14:25,600 --> 00:14:29,240 Speaker 3: twenty five years before Edisa was born. But during the 211 00:14:29,280 --> 00:14:34,840 Speaker 3: Mexican American War of the late eighteen forties, Mexico lost Arizona, California, 212 00:14:34,960 --> 00:14:41,080 Speaker 3: New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah to the US. 213 00:14:42,120 --> 00:14:45,480 Speaker 3: Under her apprenticeship with Wila, Teresa learned the names and 214 00:14:45,520 --> 00:14:48,880 Speaker 3: properties of more than two hundred herbs. She followed Wila 215 00:14:48,920 --> 00:14:51,440 Speaker 3: around while her teacher did things like helping women give 216 00:14:51,480 --> 00:14:56,880 Speaker 3: birth or treating wounds and illnesses. Then something happened to 217 00:14:56,960 --> 00:15:02,160 Speaker 3: Teresa when she was sixteen years old. There's bearing accounts 218 00:15:02,200 --> 00:15:05,600 Speaker 3: on the next set of events. Some accounts say that 219 00:15:05,760 --> 00:15:10,240 Speaker 3: Isa had an epileptic seizure. Other reports say an engineering 220 00:15:10,240 --> 00:15:13,040 Speaker 3: student tried to rape her and it gave Teresa a 221 00:15:13,160 --> 00:15:19,520 Speaker 3: shock induced seizure. In either case, after losing consciousness, Teresa 222 00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:20,800 Speaker 3: fell into a coma. 223 00:15:21,400 --> 00:15:22,280 Speaker 2: They think she's dead. 224 00:15:24,280 --> 00:15:27,240 Speaker 3: That ESA's father put his ear against her chest to 225 00:15:27,360 --> 00:15:32,440 Speaker 3: listen for a heartbeat, but he couldn't hear anything. He 226 00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:36,680 Speaker 3: ordered a coffin to be built. They prepared that Isa 227 00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:40,560 Speaker 3: for a wake, dressed her in a white dress. They 228 00:15:40,600 --> 00:15:43,760 Speaker 3: placed her body on a table and surrounded her body 229 00:15:43,800 --> 00:15:44,600 Speaker 3: with candles. 230 00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:52,280 Speaker 6: So they make her a casket and in Elvelorio, she 231 00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:53,080 Speaker 6: wakes up. 232 00:15:55,120 --> 00:15:56,600 Speaker 2: And everyone is like holy shit. 233 00:15:58,520 --> 00:16:01,680 Speaker 3: After waking up, that is predicted that in three days 234 00:16:01,720 --> 00:16:04,080 Speaker 3: they were going to need the coffin for someone else. 235 00:16:05,400 --> 00:16:07,480 Speaker 2: And then Wila died. 236 00:16:09,880 --> 00:16:13,360 Speaker 3: Three days later. That ASA's teacher was found in her room. 237 00:16:14,000 --> 00:16:17,800 Speaker 3: It looked like she passed away peacefully. The cause of 238 00:16:17,840 --> 00:16:21,560 Speaker 3: her death wasn't clear, but people speculated she died from 239 00:16:21,600 --> 00:16:23,640 Speaker 3: old age or exhaustion. 240 00:16:23,840 --> 00:16:27,360 Speaker 6: And they buried Wila in the casket they had made 241 00:16:27,360 --> 00:16:28,080 Speaker 6: for Terracita. 242 00:16:31,600 --> 00:16:35,600 Speaker 1: Coming up on Latino, USA, Teresa Rea wakes up from 243 00:16:35,600 --> 00:16:40,680 Speaker 1: her coma with a newfound power. She can miraculously heal 244 00:16:40,840 --> 00:16:59,680 Speaker 1: people through touch. Stay with us, Hey, we're back. When 245 00:16:59,720 --> 00:17:02,680 Speaker 1: we let off, Teresa Rea had woken up from a 246 00:17:02,760 --> 00:17:06,400 Speaker 1: coma and had predicted the death of her mentor, wla 247 00:17:06,760 --> 00:17:12,200 Speaker 1: A Yaqui Grandera. Now Teresa realizes she has a new 248 00:17:12,520 --> 00:17:16,719 Speaker 1: miraculous power. Producer Maries Kinkam is going to pick up 249 00:17:16,720 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 1: the story from here. 250 00:17:20,160 --> 00:17:24,440 Speaker 3: After waking up from her coma, Teresa was a normal. 251 00:17:25,800 --> 00:17:28,960 Speaker 3: She fell into a trance that lasted three months in 252 00:17:29,160 --> 00:17:34,240 Speaker 3: eighteen days. In an article from the San Francisco Examiner, 253 00:17:34,480 --> 00:17:38,520 Speaker 3: Teresa Urea said she didn't remember anything that happened during 254 00:17:38,560 --> 00:17:40,080 Speaker 3: those three months. 255 00:17:40,800 --> 00:17:43,800 Speaker 5: They tell me, those who saw me, that I could 256 00:17:43,840 --> 00:17:47,240 Speaker 5: move about, that they had to feed me, that I 257 00:17:47,320 --> 00:17:50,000 Speaker 5: talked strange things about God, and religion. 258 00:17:52,160 --> 00:17:55,600 Speaker 3: During this trans Teresa said she had a vision. The 259 00:17:55,680 --> 00:17:58,840 Speaker 3: archangel Gabriel appeared to her as a young man. He 260 00:17:58,960 --> 00:18:02,680 Speaker 3: delivered her a letter. It urged everyone to repent from 261 00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:05,560 Speaker 3: their sins, believe in Jesus, and they would be cured. 262 00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:10,720 Speaker 3: When she finally returned to full consciousness, Teresa had a gift. 263 00:18:11,400 --> 00:18:15,280 Speaker 3: She could heal people through touch. One of the people 264 00:18:15,359 --> 00:18:18,520 Speaker 3: she cured in Kavoda was Mariana, a woman in her 265 00:18:18,520 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 3: twenties that couldn't walk. After Teresa cured her, Marianna was 266 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,080 Speaker 3: able to walk again, and she became her devout, loyal 267 00:18:26,160 --> 00:18:31,120 Speaker 3: friend and assistant. Esa described a change happening within her 268 00:18:31,160 --> 00:18:32,320 Speaker 3: when she healed people. 269 00:18:33,119 --> 00:18:35,480 Speaker 5: I could still if I touched people or rub them 270 00:18:35,640 --> 00:18:38,480 Speaker 5: make them well. I felt in me only the wish 271 00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:41,159 Speaker 5: to do good in the world. I spoke much to 272 00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:44,240 Speaker 5: the people about God, not about the church or to 273 00:18:44,320 --> 00:18:47,679 Speaker 5: tell them to go to church, but about God. I 274 00:18:47,800 --> 00:18:50,800 Speaker 5: told them what I believe, that God is the spirit 275 00:18:50,880 --> 00:18:53,439 Speaker 5: of love, that we who we are in the world, 276 00:18:53,880 --> 00:18:58,280 Speaker 5: must love one another and live in peace, otherwise we 277 00:18:58,359 --> 00:18:59,080 Speaker 5: offend God. 278 00:19:02,840 --> 00:19:08,080 Speaker 3: Word quickly spread about the miraculous healer. Hundreds of people 279 00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:12,200 Speaker 3: started visiting her father's ranch in Kawara. They traveled long 280 00:19:12,240 --> 00:19:16,080 Speaker 3: distances and were often poor and indigenous people of the region, 281 00:19:16,960 --> 00:19:21,919 Speaker 3: the Yaqui and Mayo Indians that Isa refused to charge 282 00:19:21,920 --> 00:19:23,280 Speaker 3: for her services. 283 00:19:23,720 --> 00:19:26,040 Speaker 5: I have no wish to be paid. I do not 284 00:19:26,200 --> 00:19:29,159 Speaker 5: care for find things or find houses or money. I 285 00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:30,640 Speaker 5: will refuse no one to help. 286 00:19:33,280 --> 00:19:37,000 Speaker 3: Aside from her healing powers, there were other supernatural phenomena 287 00:19:37,200 --> 00:19:38,240 Speaker 3: associated with her. 288 00:19:39,080 --> 00:19:43,120 Speaker 4: Her family members believed that she was able to predict 289 00:19:43,240 --> 00:19:46,600 Speaker 4: even when people were about to arrive that she had 290 00:19:46,640 --> 00:19:49,160 Speaker 4: no knowledge of. She would say this, such and such 291 00:19:49,160 --> 00:19:52,040 Speaker 4: a person is going to come tomorrow, and they would 292 00:19:52,520 --> 00:19:56,840 Speaker 4: She could predict rain, She could predict deaths in the family. 293 00:19:57,640 --> 00:20:02,879 Speaker 3: She had other strange qualities, and people would say that 294 00:20:03,720 --> 00:20:05,680 Speaker 3: she emitted an aroma. 295 00:20:05,240 --> 00:20:07,800 Speaker 4: Of roses, like so many people would say that, like 296 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:09,720 Speaker 4: she just smelt like roses. 297 00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:14,840 Speaker 3: There are also accounts of her quote unquote astro projecting. 298 00:20:15,040 --> 00:20:17,639 Speaker 2: Like she could travel out of her body, and she 299 00:20:17,680 --> 00:20:20,600 Speaker 2: could describe places she had never been. And it's not 300 00:20:20,640 --> 00:20:23,320 Speaker 2: like she had the internet right where we could fake it. 301 00:20:24,440 --> 00:20:27,320 Speaker 3: People began to call her a saint and worshiped her 302 00:20:27,440 --> 00:20:30,480 Speaker 3: like one. They called her Santa Terrisa la Santa de 303 00:20:31,240 --> 00:20:36,720 Speaker 3: Santa Derisita. She was only sixteen years old. They created 304 00:20:36,760 --> 00:20:40,240 Speaker 3: prayer cards with her image. In one prayer card, she 305 00:20:40,320 --> 00:20:44,119 Speaker 3: stoically stands. She's dressed in a black dress that covers 306 00:20:44,119 --> 00:20:48,040 Speaker 3: her arms. A long black cross hangs from her neck. 307 00:20:48,720 --> 00:20:52,400 Speaker 3: Her black hair is wrapped in a braided bun. Angels 308 00:20:52,400 --> 00:20:56,880 Speaker 3: surround her. Two turbs hold a crown they are placing 309 00:20:56,960 --> 00:21:00,000 Speaker 3: over her head. Her gaze is looking at the distance. 310 00:21:02,160 --> 00:21:05,240 Speaker 3: They built wooden statues of her to venerate her like 311 00:21:05,320 --> 00:21:09,120 Speaker 3: a saint. Teresa said she was not a saint. That 312 00:21:09,160 --> 00:21:12,560 Speaker 3: you don't need the mediation of the church or priest 313 00:21:12,840 --> 00:21:17,000 Speaker 3: to cure, an idea that she repeated more than once. 314 00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:21,280 Speaker 3: In doing so, she challenged the authority of the Catholic Church, 315 00:21:22,000 --> 00:21:26,680 Speaker 3: one of the most powerful institutions in Mexico, even today. 316 00:21:27,560 --> 00:21:30,160 Speaker 5: I felt that God willed that I should heal them, 317 00:21:30,600 --> 00:21:33,600 Speaker 5: and when they asked me, I did so. No, I 318 00:21:33,640 --> 00:21:36,439 Speaker 5: do not think prayer is necessary, nor does one have 319 00:21:36,520 --> 00:21:39,480 Speaker 5: to believe in me to be cured. If I can cure, 320 00:21:39,680 --> 00:21:40,120 Speaker 5: I can. 321 00:21:43,960 --> 00:21:47,439 Speaker 3: Priests announced her as a heretic, an impostor, and evil worker. 322 00:21:48,080 --> 00:21:51,560 Speaker 3: The clergy threatened to excommunicate everyone that seeked her help. 323 00:21:52,560 --> 00:21:55,199 Speaker 3: Here's Grice again, the Kurandera from al Paso. 324 00:21:55,920 --> 00:21:58,840 Speaker 6: They saw her like a living saint. So you can 325 00:21:58,920 --> 00:22:07,080 Speaker 6: imagine heresy to call a teenage girl Asanta, right, a 326 00:22:07,160 --> 00:22:12,600 Speaker 6: living teen girl Asanta. So she became a problem. In 327 00:22:12,680 --> 00:22:16,000 Speaker 6: those times, the only people that could talk to God 328 00:22:16,119 --> 00:22:18,679 Speaker 6: were priests. 329 00:22:18,119 --> 00:22:20,640 Speaker 3: From a young age. That is, I was breaking all 330 00:22:20,720 --> 00:22:23,080 Speaker 3: sorts of traditional norms and rules. 331 00:22:23,520 --> 00:22:29,360 Speaker 6: She was completely considered heretical and completely forward for her 332 00:22:29,440 --> 00:22:31,240 Speaker 6: time in every way. 333 00:22:32,359 --> 00:22:36,360 Speaker 3: At the same time, the power of dictator Porfirio Dias 334 00:22:36,400 --> 00:22:40,720 Speaker 3: only kept growing. Under the Portfitriato, thousands of Yakkis were 335 00:22:40,760 --> 00:22:44,560 Speaker 3: taken from their lands and expelled as slaves to Yucatan. 336 00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:47,240 Speaker 3: Here's la vid Romo again. 337 00:22:48,440 --> 00:22:53,160 Speaker 4: So Porfilio Dias in Sonora carried out this very destructive 338 00:22:53,880 --> 00:22:59,040 Speaker 4: warfare against the indigenous Yaki population and would send the 339 00:22:59,119 --> 00:23:05,840 Speaker 4: Yakis to southern Mexico to virtual death camps and slave camps. 340 00:23:07,560 --> 00:23:10,959 Speaker 3: Teresa was often visited by the Yaquis in Kawora, and 341 00:23:11,000 --> 00:23:15,720 Speaker 3: she was sympathetic to their uprisings. She often defended them 342 00:23:15,800 --> 00:23:18,320 Speaker 3: and said they had the God given right to fight 343 00:23:18,359 --> 00:23:21,960 Speaker 3: for their land and freedom, and later interviews with the 344 00:23:21,960 --> 00:23:25,880 Speaker 3: New York Journal. She described watching Yaki children not even 345 00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:30,560 Speaker 3: three years old, being lynched. She called the Yaquis the 346 00:23:30,640 --> 00:23:35,560 Speaker 3: bravest and most persecuted people in the world. This at 347 00:23:35,600 --> 00:23:38,080 Speaker 3: a time when opposing the Diaz regime was. 348 00:23:38,080 --> 00:23:41,040 Speaker 2: Deadly, Soa. 349 00:23:42,080 --> 00:23:44,399 Speaker 4: Told the Yakis to fight for their lands, and of 350 00:23:44,440 --> 00:23:47,240 Speaker 4: course this brought the enmity of Porfiolias. 351 00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:53,679 Speaker 3: While Teresa never took arms, she inspired rebellions. This was 352 00:23:53,720 --> 00:23:57,040 Speaker 3: the case in one small town called Tomochik, located in 353 00:23:57,080 --> 00:24:00,360 Speaker 3: the Sierra Madre of Chihuahua, about two hundred miles away 354 00:24:00,359 --> 00:24:04,919 Speaker 3: from Alpaso. After hearing about Teresa's power, Kruz Travis, the 355 00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:08,399 Speaker 3: leader of Tomochic, and other villagers traveled to Kabora to 356 00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:13,120 Speaker 3: meet with Teresa. They witnessed hundreds of people camped out 357 00:24:13,119 --> 00:24:16,560 Speaker 3: at her father's ranch. They had heard of Teresa's healing 358 00:24:16,600 --> 00:24:20,200 Speaker 3: powers and visited her to be cured. They were moved 359 00:24:20,200 --> 00:24:25,040 Speaker 3: by her vision of love. Gruz Travis, the Tomoschik leader, 360 00:24:25,080 --> 00:24:30,720 Speaker 3: and Teresa became friends and started exchanging letters. When the 361 00:24:30,800 --> 00:24:35,920 Speaker 3: villagers returned to Tomochik, they decided to only worship living saints. 362 00:24:36,400 --> 00:24:39,159 Speaker 3: They replaced the statue of a dead saint with a 363 00:24:39,240 --> 00:24:44,560 Speaker 3: statue of a living Teresesa. They chose La Sante Kaatersita 364 00:24:44,800 --> 00:24:49,840 Speaker 3: as the official guardian of the town. This brought the 365 00:24:49,880 --> 00:24:53,800 Speaker 3: great ire of a local priest, who threatened to excommunicate 366 00:24:53,920 --> 00:24:58,760 Speaker 3: every Tomochko who believed in Teresa. When they refused to obey, 367 00:24:59,200 --> 00:25:02,959 Speaker 3: the priests sent got a message to the government. Por 368 00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:06,480 Speaker 3: Vidio Dias ordered the rebels to be quote quickly and 369 00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:08,680 Speaker 3: severely punished. 370 00:25:09,280 --> 00:25:12,679 Speaker 4: And for Filia sends hundreds of troops to utterly destroy 371 00:25:12,720 --> 00:25:13,600 Speaker 4: the entire town. 372 00:25:15,400 --> 00:25:18,400 Speaker 3: The rebels fling themselves into a fight they were destined 373 00:25:18,400 --> 00:25:23,520 Speaker 3: to lose, shouting Viva la Santa Caura. According to Romo, 374 00:25:23,680 --> 00:25:27,360 Speaker 3: they killed six hundred federal troops, but the Mexican government 375 00:25:27,440 --> 00:25:31,480 Speaker 3: led a ruthless fight. They set fire to the village, 376 00:25:31,720 --> 00:25:34,800 Speaker 3: killed women and children. They stacked the bodies of the 377 00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:39,520 Speaker 3: dead with their leader, Cruise Travis on top. Not one 378 00:25:39,640 --> 00:25:42,600 Speaker 3: boy or man over the age of thirteen survived, according 379 00:25:42,600 --> 00:25:44,160 Speaker 3: to historians. 380 00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:50,040 Speaker 4: So it was just kind of a vicious, vicious attack 381 00:25:50,119 --> 00:25:55,840 Speaker 4: on anyone that would challenge the power of the dictator 382 00:25:55,880 --> 00:25:57,119 Speaker 4: of Mexico at that time. 383 00:25:58,320 --> 00:26:01,639 Speaker 3: The Mexican government claimed that its Tita incited the rebellion. 384 00:26:03,880 --> 00:26:07,240 Speaker 3: She always denied any involvement in any uprisings, but she 385 00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:12,119 Speaker 3: also defended them. She believed revolution was necessary when people 386 00:26:12,119 --> 00:26:17,840 Speaker 3: were oppressed. When she was nineteen years old, Portfidiodias exiled 387 00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:22,280 Speaker 3: Teresa from Mexico. I can't help thinking of ESA's power, 388 00:26:22,680 --> 00:26:25,480 Speaker 3: of the fact that men threw themselves into a revolution 389 00:26:25,880 --> 00:26:27,240 Speaker 3: while screaming her name. 390 00:26:28,880 --> 00:26:32,440 Speaker 2: Porfiodias had said she was the most dangerous girl in Mexico, 391 00:26:33,359 --> 00:26:36,919 Speaker 2: and she was a teenager. So what would make a 392 00:26:37,000 --> 00:26:43,800 Speaker 2: teenager dangerous to a dictator with incredible power and incredible 393 00:26:43,880 --> 00:26:47,919 Speaker 2: policing power. You know that to me shows you the 394 00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:51,680 Speaker 2: power of her love and the power of her vision, 395 00:26:52,920 --> 00:26:59,280 Speaker 2: which was that everyone should be equal, men and women, mestisos, blancos, 396 00:27:00,160 --> 00:27:02,520 Speaker 2: indigenous people, everybody's human. 397 00:27:11,800 --> 00:27:15,200 Speaker 3: After being exiled from Mexico in eighteen ninety two, Teresa 398 00:27:15,280 --> 00:27:19,800 Speaker 3: lived in Nogales, Arizona. By then, Teresa was already a star. 399 00:27:20,440 --> 00:27:23,479 Speaker 3: The world press had been covering her miraculous cures for 400 00:27:23,520 --> 00:27:24,199 Speaker 3: two years. 401 00:27:24,200 --> 00:27:27,560 Speaker 4: At that point, she was in the newspapers all the time, 402 00:27:27,640 --> 00:27:31,959 Speaker 4: the local newspapers, newspapers in Mexico City, and there were 403 00:27:32,040 --> 00:27:35,200 Speaker 4: articles like from all over the United states about her, 404 00:27:35,240 --> 00:27:37,919 Speaker 4: You know the New York Times, and I know that 405 00:27:37,960 --> 00:27:41,159 Speaker 4: there were people from France writing letters to her. So 406 00:27:41,240 --> 00:27:45,000 Speaker 4: this is like mega superstar in the world of the 407 00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:45,960 Speaker 4: eighteen nineties. 408 00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:50,760 Speaker 3: Reading the articles, it seems there's almost an obsession with her. 409 00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:54,800 Speaker 3: They often start by focusing on her looks. They call 410 00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:59,040 Speaker 3: her beautiful. In one article, she's described as Mexican and 411 00:27:59,160 --> 00:28:03,920 Speaker 3: hugh with large, handsome eyes, hypnotic. Some people call them 412 00:28:04,280 --> 00:28:08,879 Speaker 3: raven haired, tall, and slender. Another article is headlined she 413 00:28:09,280 --> 00:28:12,159 Speaker 3: is not pretty. It goes on to say that she 414 00:28:12,320 --> 00:28:15,719 Speaker 3: is not ugly, but she has quote a squatty figure 415 00:28:15,960 --> 00:28:19,800 Speaker 3: and a round, fat face, just as hundreds of ordinary 416 00:28:19,880 --> 00:28:24,920 Speaker 3: Mexican women have. They speculate and scrutinize her cures. One 417 00:28:25,040 --> 00:28:28,680 Speaker 3: article mentions American physicians don't take her seriously because she 418 00:28:28,720 --> 00:28:31,720 Speaker 3: doesn't practice germ theory and touches the hands of the 419 00:28:31,760 --> 00:28:36,760 Speaker 3: people she helps. Many describe Americans looking at her with amusement. 420 00:28:37,480 --> 00:28:41,120 Speaker 3: Some newspapers label her a miraculous healer and others a 421 00:28:41,240 --> 00:28:44,760 Speaker 3: crazy saint. They call her the living patron saint of 422 00:28:44,800 --> 00:28:48,600 Speaker 3: the Indians. There are very few articles that actually include 423 00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:52,280 Speaker 3: interviews with her. Either way, it seems they couldn't stop 424 00:28:52,320 --> 00:28:56,680 Speaker 3: talking about her. After living in Arizona, she moved to 425 00:28:56,680 --> 00:29:00,160 Speaker 3: Albaso in eighteen ninety six. Hundreds of people gathered at 426 00:29:00,200 --> 00:29:04,760 Speaker 3: the Union Depot train station awaiting her arrival. People would 427 00:29:04,800 --> 00:29:08,520 Speaker 3: spend hours trying to catch just a glimpse of Teresa. 428 00:29:09,080 --> 00:29:11,880 Speaker 3: And I'll pass the Times article from that time reports. 429 00:29:12,560 --> 00:29:17,120 Speaker 3: I imagine it, the hordes of people pushing up against 430 00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:21,840 Speaker 3: each other, tiptoeing over each other's shoulders, the buzz and 431 00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:25,240 Speaker 3: excitement in the air, the way they must have screened 432 00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:28,640 Speaker 3: her name when the train arrived, how they must have roared. 433 00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:32,720 Speaker 3: No less than three thousand people visited her house on 434 00:29:32,760 --> 00:29:33,880 Speaker 3: the day she arrived. 435 00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:38,960 Speaker 7: The article noted, she would stand there, yegawan, you know, 436 00:29:39,200 --> 00:29:43,480 Speaker 7: hundreds of people, the line would be completely down, se 437 00:29:43,960 --> 00:29:45,800 Speaker 7: and she would heal them with her hands. 438 00:29:47,200 --> 00:29:49,560 Speaker 3: That is, I would act. Calculated that she cured up 439 00:29:49,560 --> 00:29:53,720 Speaker 3: to two hundred people a day, and I'll passo. From 440 00:29:53,840 --> 00:29:57,080 Speaker 3: six in the morning to nine at night, Teresa curd 441 00:29:57,200 --> 00:30:01,520 Speaker 3: for the ill. Various accounts exists of her healing work 442 00:30:01,720 --> 00:30:06,920 Speaker 3: and her miracles. She cured people suffering from smallpox, leprosy. 443 00:30:07,480 --> 00:30:11,000 Speaker 3: She touched people who were paralyzed and they could suddenly 444 00:30:11,200 --> 00:30:16,040 Speaker 3: walk again. The Alpaso Times reporter also described that as 445 00:30:16,080 --> 00:30:17,320 Speaker 3: a looking pale and. 446 00:30:17,240 --> 00:30:20,640 Speaker 2: Weak, she wasn't taking care of herself because how can 447 00:30:20,680 --> 00:30:23,200 Speaker 2: you see hundreds of people per day? And then she 448 00:30:23,280 --> 00:30:25,800 Speaker 2: must have been under a lot of pressure because there 449 00:30:25,840 --> 00:30:27,960 Speaker 2: were thousands of people waiting to see her. 450 00:30:28,640 --> 00:30:32,480 Speaker 3: Throughout her life, her connections to the Mexican Revolution continue, 451 00:30:32,680 --> 00:30:36,760 Speaker 3: earning her the title the Mexican Joan of arc and Alpasso. 452 00:30:36,880 --> 00:30:41,920 Speaker 3: Teresa co edited elind Bendente, an anti DS newspaper. Some 453 00:30:41,960 --> 00:30:43,640 Speaker 3: of the articles have her signature. 454 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:48,320 Speaker 4: During this period, they were about forty Spanish language newspapers 455 00:30:48,800 --> 00:30:52,920 Speaker 4: in Alpasso, and the large majority of them were anti das. 456 00:30:53,360 --> 00:30:57,640 Speaker 4: They were anti the dictatorship of Mexico, and Soesita was 457 00:30:57,720 --> 00:31:00,880 Speaker 4: part of that movement, you know, like she she was 458 00:31:00,960 --> 00:31:03,280 Speaker 4: spreading the seat, spreading the ideas. 459 00:31:04,160 --> 00:31:07,600 Speaker 3: Throughout her life, Teresa was vocal about the Mexican government's 460 00:31:07,680 --> 00:31:09,680 Speaker 3: exploitation of indigenous people. 461 00:31:10,200 --> 00:31:13,280 Speaker 5: I pity the Indians of Sonora. I wish they were 462 00:31:13,360 --> 00:31:17,000 Speaker 5: cared for and protected. I fear they will be exterminated. 463 00:31:17,800 --> 00:31:19,840 Speaker 5: I would do anything for them. 464 00:31:20,200 --> 00:31:23,360 Speaker 3: The year that Esa arrived in Alpaso. She co authored 465 00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:27,920 Speaker 3: a Plan de Tomochik, a manifesto accusing the Mexican government 466 00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:31,719 Speaker 3: of murdering Yaqi children. It also called for the abolishment 467 00:31:31,760 --> 00:31:34,600 Speaker 3: of the death penalty and the emancipation of women. 468 00:31:35,080 --> 00:31:38,880 Speaker 4: And half of the people that signed this manifesto were women, 469 00:31:39,520 --> 00:31:41,560 Speaker 4: so that's like incredibly advanced. 470 00:31:42,520 --> 00:31:46,880 Speaker 3: During the same year, another antiths rebellion breaks out, this 471 00:31:46,960 --> 00:31:50,760 Speaker 3: time at a Mexican customs house located in Nogales, Sonora. 472 00:31:51,240 --> 00:31:54,440 Speaker 4: This is in August twelfth, eighteen ninety six, and there's 473 00:31:54,480 --> 00:31:59,720 Speaker 4: forty rebels that attacked the Mexican custom selves and Nogalle, Sonora, shouting. 474 00:32:02,440 --> 00:32:06,560 Speaker 3: The rebels killed two Mexican soldiers and temporarily took control 475 00:32:06,640 --> 00:32:10,000 Speaker 3: of the customs house for several hours. Some of the 476 00:32:10,040 --> 00:32:14,440 Speaker 3: men carried letters signed by Teresa, pictures of her, copies 477 00:32:14,480 --> 00:32:18,400 Speaker 3: of the newspaper she co edited. US and Mexican soldiers 478 00:32:18,480 --> 00:32:22,240 Speaker 3: joined forces and killed seven of the rebels. A picture 479 00:32:22,400 --> 00:32:26,120 Speaker 3: of their dead bodies was published in the press. The 480 00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:31,160 Speaker 3: caption described them as los indios fanaticos de la Santa Decaora, 481 00:32:31,480 --> 00:32:36,600 Speaker 3: the extremist Indian followers of La Santa de Caavora. The 482 00:32:36,680 --> 00:32:41,120 Speaker 3: American press became highly critical of her. They accused her 483 00:32:41,200 --> 00:32:45,080 Speaker 3: of leading several rebellions, including the one in Nogales. 484 00:32:46,600 --> 00:32:55,240 Speaker 4: So after this happens, the media begins questioning just how 485 00:32:55,360 --> 00:32:56,360 Speaker 4: dangerous she was. 486 00:32:57,440 --> 00:33:01,360 Speaker 3: Headline after headline accused her of leading rebells, of hypnotizing 487 00:33:01,400 --> 00:33:05,200 Speaker 3: the peaceful Yankee Indians, of causing trouble and Mexico with 488 00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:06,920 Speaker 3: her spiritualist propaganda. 489 00:33:07,480 --> 00:33:10,120 Speaker 2: That whole idea of calling her a witch is a 490 00:33:10,160 --> 00:33:15,480 Speaker 2: way to discredit her, to undermine her knowledge and her influence. 491 00:33:16,240 --> 00:33:19,480 Speaker 2: And then by saying that she's the reason that indigenous 492 00:33:19,520 --> 00:33:25,080 Speaker 2: people are rebelling, that's a way also to say they're 493 00:33:25,120 --> 00:33:29,040 Speaker 2: too ignorant to organize on their own. 494 00:33:32,240 --> 00:33:35,760 Speaker 3: Her vision of love, justice, and equality was so strong 495 00:33:35,840 --> 00:33:38,320 Speaker 3: that even if she didn't tell people to take arms, 496 00:33:38,560 --> 00:33:41,760 Speaker 3: she became their war cry. She turned into a symbol 497 00:33:41,840 --> 00:33:46,440 Speaker 3: of resistance. Traditionally, it's taught that the Mexican Revolution began 498 00:33:46,800 --> 00:33:51,560 Speaker 3: on November twentieth, nineteen ten, after Teresa died, but David 499 00:33:51,760 --> 00:33:54,040 Speaker 3: argues that the revolution began sooner. 500 00:33:54,760 --> 00:33:59,440 Speaker 4: That's the encyclopedia version. This revolutionary activity happened way before 501 00:33:59,520 --> 00:34:03,240 Speaker 4: nineteen ten, So it's naive to think that on one 502 00:34:03,360 --> 00:34:08,719 Speaker 4: day one guy calls for people to revolt and everybody 503 00:34:08,800 --> 00:34:13,320 Speaker 4: rises up. No, you plan seeds sometimes for decades, and 504 00:34:13,320 --> 00:34:15,080 Speaker 4: then there's a lot of failed battles. 505 00:34:16,239 --> 00:34:19,480 Speaker 3: He places that as a key figure in the Mexican 506 00:34:19,560 --> 00:34:23,080 Speaker 3: Revolution that deserves more recognition, but whose role has been 507 00:34:23,080 --> 00:34:24,560 Speaker 3: ignored by historians. 508 00:34:25,040 --> 00:34:27,680 Speaker 4: Her role in the revolution was not to shoot people. 509 00:34:28,360 --> 00:34:34,240 Speaker 4: It was to inspire people. It is Fronteisa based healing 510 00:34:34,320 --> 00:34:38,240 Speaker 4: powers that could ultimately change the world, that they could 511 00:34:38,320 --> 00:34:41,399 Speaker 4: lead to a revolution, to a more just fission of 512 00:34:41,920 --> 00:34:44,919 Speaker 4: who we are as a community. And that was incredibly 513 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:45,719 Speaker 4: ahead of her. 514 00:34:45,640 --> 00:34:50,680 Speaker 3: Time for Yolanda the history professor. That is as radical 515 00:34:50,719 --> 00:34:53,200 Speaker 3: politics set her apart from other curanderos. 516 00:34:54,080 --> 00:34:56,360 Speaker 2: I think the more important thing that sets her apart 517 00:34:57,239 --> 00:35:02,960 Speaker 2: is that she combined dal knowledge with I guess hope 518 00:35:02,960 --> 00:35:07,080 Speaker 2: it would call now social justice. I don't see that 519 00:35:07,160 --> 00:35:11,000 Speaker 2: in the other Keelers of that time. That's what sets 520 00:35:11,000 --> 00:35:15,279 Speaker 2: her apart, is that combination of tradition but also a 521 00:35:15,360 --> 00:35:18,040 Speaker 2: vision for a better future. 522 00:35:27,880 --> 00:35:30,400 Speaker 3: While she lived in Alpaso, they tried to kill Teresa 523 00:35:30,600 --> 00:35:33,760 Speaker 3: three times, causing her to leave just a year later. 524 00:35:34,480 --> 00:35:39,280 Speaker 3: She faced assassination attempts throughout her life. Here's Grise again. 525 00:35:39,840 --> 00:35:44,080 Speaker 6: It's incredible to think that a young woman could be 526 00:35:44,120 --> 00:35:48,880 Speaker 6: such a threat to like a government, the whole system 527 00:35:48,920 --> 00:35:49,759 Speaker 6: of patriarchy. 528 00:35:50,680 --> 00:35:55,720 Speaker 3: After leaving Alpaso, Teresa moved to Clifton, Arizona. There isn't 529 00:35:55,719 --> 00:35:58,240 Speaker 3: a lot of reporting on this period of her life 530 00:35:58,320 --> 00:36:02,759 Speaker 3: until nineteen hundred. In Clifton, she met a man called 531 00:36:02,800 --> 00:36:08,440 Speaker 3: Guadalupe Rodriguez Whillalupe remains a mysterious man. It's hard to 532 00:36:08,480 --> 00:36:13,000 Speaker 3: find any archival information about him. In an interview with 533 00:36:13,040 --> 00:36:17,919 Speaker 3: one of Teresa's relatives, he's described as handsome. Teresa married 534 00:36:17,960 --> 00:36:22,240 Speaker 3: Guadalupe eight months after meeting him, against her father's wishes. 535 00:36:22,760 --> 00:36:26,440 Speaker 3: At that time, Teresa was twenty seven years old. The 536 00:36:26,520 --> 00:36:30,439 Speaker 3: day after they got married, Guadalupe tried to kill her. 537 00:36:32,160 --> 00:36:35,200 Speaker 3: Teresa recounted what happened in an article from the San 538 00:36:35,239 --> 00:36:36,520 Speaker 3: Francisco Examiner. 539 00:36:37,719 --> 00:36:40,239 Speaker 5: The next day after we were married, he acted strangely. 540 00:36:40,880 --> 00:36:42,920 Speaker 5: He drew up some things of mine, pecked some of 541 00:36:42,920 --> 00:36:45,440 Speaker 5: my clothes in a bundle, put it over his shoulder, 542 00:36:45,480 --> 00:36:48,319 Speaker 5: and said to me, come with me. The people who 543 00:36:48,360 --> 00:36:50,239 Speaker 5: saw him said for me not to go, but I 544 00:36:50,320 --> 00:36:53,719 Speaker 5: followed him. He walked on the railroad track. I did 545 00:36:53,760 --> 00:36:56,359 Speaker 5: not know where he wanted to run. I ran too. 546 00:36:57,239 --> 00:37:00,600 Speaker 5: He had his gun and started to shoot. The people 547 00:37:00,680 --> 00:37:04,080 Speaker 5: ran out and made me come back. Then they caught him. 548 00:37:04,600 --> 00:37:06,480 Speaker 5: He was insane and they put him in jail. 549 00:37:07,960 --> 00:37:11,719 Speaker 3: A headline from the time read Santa Teresa shot by 550 00:37:11,840 --> 00:37:17,680 Speaker 3: spouse Yaqui saint finds marriage a failure. Other articles reported 551 00:37:17,719 --> 00:37:21,480 Speaker 3: that she lost popularity amongst her followers because saints are 552 00:37:21,520 --> 00:37:32,720 Speaker 3: not supposed to get married. She later divorced him. Teresa 553 00:37:32,880 --> 00:37:35,839 Speaker 3: then left her family in Clifton and traveled to San Francisco, 554 00:37:36,000 --> 00:37:40,120 Speaker 3: Los Angeles, New York, and Saint Louis. She was planning 555 00:37:40,160 --> 00:37:42,840 Speaker 3: on embarking on a world tour and wanted to travel 556 00:37:42,880 --> 00:37:45,520 Speaker 3: to Europe and India in order to learn about the 557 00:37:45,600 --> 00:37:51,000 Speaker 3: source of her healing powers. She said her power came 558 00:37:51,040 --> 00:37:53,880 Speaker 3: from God, but she wanted to learn how it moved 559 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:54,840 Speaker 3: through her body. 560 00:37:55,520 --> 00:37:58,200 Speaker 5: I seek to find out whence the power is derived. 561 00:38:00,239 --> 00:38:03,759 Speaker 3: She wanted to travel to cities like Paris and Jerusalem, 562 00:38:04,440 --> 00:38:07,879 Speaker 3: where may I find someone wise in such matters who 563 00:38:07,920 --> 00:38:11,800 Speaker 3: can and will tell me the secret? But she didn't 564 00:38:11,800 --> 00:38:15,359 Speaker 3: make it to those cities. In nineteen oh two, her 565 00:38:15,360 --> 00:38:18,839 Speaker 3: father died. That same year. She gave birth to her 566 00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:21,920 Speaker 3: first child. That Aesa had lived in New York for 567 00:38:21,960 --> 00:38:24,959 Speaker 3: a year with her translator and a family friend, John 568 00:38:25,040 --> 00:38:28,959 Speaker 3: Van Order. She had two daughters with him at the time. 569 00:38:29,040 --> 00:38:32,480 Speaker 3: This would have been very controversial since they were not married. 570 00:38:33,239 --> 00:38:36,200 Speaker 4: She was definitely a woman ahead of her times and 571 00:38:36,239 --> 00:38:40,480 Speaker 4: a woman that was that straddled many different borders. She 572 00:38:40,600 --> 00:38:43,800 Speaker 4: was a liminal being, somebody that's neither here nor there, 573 00:38:44,239 --> 00:38:46,920 Speaker 4: and I think that's what made her so fascinating. So 574 00:38:47,000 --> 00:38:49,719 Speaker 4: this was a woman that was defying all kinds of 575 00:38:50,760 --> 00:38:52,480 Speaker 4: traditional boundaries. 576 00:38:53,840 --> 00:38:55,799 Speaker 3: In nineteen oh fourth that as I moved back to 577 00:38:55,800 --> 00:38:58,920 Speaker 3: Arizona with her partner John. She bought some land and 578 00:38:58,960 --> 00:39:03,200 Speaker 3: had a house built. On October fifteenth, nineteen oh five, 579 00:39:03,400 --> 00:39:06,439 Speaker 3: Teresa Urea hosted a party in her newly built home 580 00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:11,400 Speaker 3: in Clifton to celebrate her thirty second birthday. I imagine 581 00:39:11,400 --> 00:39:14,720 Speaker 3: this moment the era of us, with celebration and joy. 582 00:39:15,360 --> 00:39:19,560 Speaker 3: They just blew out the candles, everyone's eating cake. Esa 583 00:39:19,719 --> 00:39:22,600 Speaker 3: liked to play the guitar and the marimba. She loved 584 00:39:22,600 --> 00:39:28,080 Speaker 3: to sing. The room freshly minted by her voice. Maybe 585 00:39:28,160 --> 00:39:32,759 Speaker 3: she had just opened gifts. But then Esa predicted she 586 00:39:32,760 --> 00:39:36,000 Speaker 3: would die before her next birthday, when she would turn 587 00:39:36,080 --> 00:39:40,640 Speaker 3: thirty three. Then she went around the room and said 588 00:39:40,680 --> 00:39:50,160 Speaker 3: goodbye to every guest. Months later, on January eleventh, nineteen 589 00:39:50,200 --> 00:39:53,399 Speaker 3: oh six, Teresa was at home with Marianna, her old 590 00:39:53,440 --> 00:39:56,520 Speaker 3: time friend and aid and one of the first people 591 00:39:56,560 --> 00:39:59,840 Speaker 3: that she had healed. She told Marianna, put me in 592 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,920 Speaker 3: in this room and put these clothes on me. The 593 00:40:03,000 --> 00:40:05,480 Speaker 3: room she was referring to was on the second floor 594 00:40:05,520 --> 00:40:08,320 Speaker 3: of her house. It was called the flower room because 595 00:40:08,360 --> 00:40:11,880 Speaker 3: it was full of flowers, ferns, and plants. It was 596 00:40:11,920 --> 00:40:17,000 Speaker 3: built to allow the maximum amount of sunlight. SA loved flowers. 597 00:40:17,600 --> 00:40:23,080 Speaker 3: She grew geraniums, pegonias, a bright red hibiscus. Her hair 598 00:40:23,239 --> 00:40:26,440 Speaker 3: was five feet long that as I would kick it 599 00:40:26,480 --> 00:40:29,080 Speaker 3: out of her way when it was loose. It was 600 00:40:29,160 --> 00:40:35,200 Speaker 3: longer than her body. When they offered her tea, Terisa said, I. 601 00:40:35,080 --> 00:40:38,759 Speaker 5: Do not want tea. I feel so badly. I think 602 00:40:38,800 --> 00:40:40,240 Speaker 5: this is my last day of life. 603 00:40:42,040 --> 00:40:45,520 Speaker 3: Teresa asked for a pan and a towel. She washed 604 00:40:45,520 --> 00:40:48,600 Speaker 3: her hands, wiped them down, tied them with a blue ribbon, 605 00:40:49,040 --> 00:40:51,879 Speaker 3: handed the towel back and said take this. 606 00:40:52,560 --> 00:40:53,840 Speaker 5: I will never use it again. 607 00:40:56,080 --> 00:41:01,279 Speaker 3: She then went to rest in her bedroom. Quite late afternoon, 608 00:41:01,719 --> 00:41:06,920 Speaker 3: Teresa died. Marianna dressed her in a white robe and 609 00:41:06,960 --> 00:41:11,680 Speaker 3: a blue shawl. When they put Teresa in the coffin, 610 00:41:12,280 --> 00:41:16,560 Speaker 3: they wrapped her long hair around her arm. She gave 611 00:41:16,600 --> 00:41:19,840 Speaker 3: instructions to lay her in the flower room for her funeral. 612 00:41:21,160 --> 00:41:26,239 Speaker 3: I can imagine that Isa suspended in flowers. The cause 613 00:41:26,280 --> 00:41:29,960 Speaker 3: of her death isn't clear. She might have had tuberculosis 614 00:41:30,080 --> 00:41:33,560 Speaker 3: or pneumonia. The official record stated consumption. 615 00:41:34,880 --> 00:41:40,560 Speaker 6: That's another aspect of curandismo, is that life force that 616 00:41:40,680 --> 00:41:44,480 Speaker 6: you have, that you're sharing it with people, and they're 617 00:41:44,560 --> 00:41:47,200 Speaker 6: taking little pieces of it, little pieces of it, little 618 00:41:47,200 --> 00:41:50,200 Speaker 6: pieces of it. Eventually, you know, a lot of curandetto's 619 00:41:50,239 --> 00:41:55,759 Speaker 6: get really sick and they die, you know. And so 620 00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:59,880 Speaker 6: it's that deep of a commitment when I tell you 621 00:42:00,680 --> 00:42:01,400 Speaker 6: till the death. 622 00:42:03,800 --> 00:42:07,560 Speaker 3: I can't talk about Teresa without admitting the sadness I 623 00:42:07,600 --> 00:42:10,799 Speaker 3: feel when I think of her life and death. Her 624 00:42:10,840 --> 00:42:15,279 Speaker 3: story feels incomplete, like a picture of her that's been 625 00:42:15,320 --> 00:42:19,800 Speaker 3: punctured with tiny holes. I feel the limitations of the archive, 626 00:42:20,440 --> 00:42:23,640 Speaker 3: of the gaps in her life, the things about her 627 00:42:23,640 --> 00:42:27,400 Speaker 3: that I can only imagine or speculate, the sound of 628 00:42:27,400 --> 00:42:31,280 Speaker 3: her voice, her favorite book, her favorite smell. 629 00:42:32,200 --> 00:42:34,360 Speaker 2: And that's one of the frustrating things to me, is 630 00:42:34,400 --> 00:42:35,160 Speaker 2: a historian? 631 00:42:36,440 --> 00:42:36,680 Speaker 4: Is it? 632 00:42:37,080 --> 00:42:40,000 Speaker 2: Especially with women? There's just things we'll never know. 633 00:42:41,520 --> 00:42:44,960 Speaker 3: I think about the way the press wrote about her 634 00:42:45,880 --> 00:42:50,960 Speaker 3: Banish Senorita, the woes of Teresa Urrea, a witch to 635 00:42:51,040 --> 00:42:55,160 Speaker 3: be shot. I think of all the violences she must 636 00:42:55,200 --> 00:42:58,440 Speaker 3: have experienced that we will never know about, and of 637 00:42:58,480 --> 00:42:59,200 Speaker 3: her strength. 638 00:43:00,360 --> 00:43:05,480 Speaker 2: She's a woman, she wasn't a saint. She was a 639 00:43:05,680 --> 00:43:06,320 Speaker 2: teen girl. 640 00:43:07,640 --> 00:43:10,680 Speaker 3: I imagine the details of her life that an archive 641 00:43:10,760 --> 00:43:15,440 Speaker 3: imbued with sexism and racism will never be able to 642 00:43:15,520 --> 00:43:19,520 Speaker 3: tell us about her. Did she stare into a lover's eyes? 643 00:43:20,280 --> 00:43:22,840 Speaker 3: Did she dance by herself in front of a mirror? 644 00:43:23,560 --> 00:43:27,400 Speaker 3: Maybe she scribbled her secrets into a journal she secretly 645 00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:30,880 Speaker 3: stashed away somewhere only for herself. 646 00:43:32,440 --> 00:43:34,840 Speaker 6: I don't know why I always think like I always 647 00:43:34,920 --> 00:43:38,399 Speaker 6: think about how longly she must have been and even 648 00:43:38,480 --> 00:43:42,000 Speaker 6: growing older and not really knowing who you can trust, 649 00:43:42,239 --> 00:43:45,359 Speaker 6: and really being seen as like a commodity. 650 00:43:47,480 --> 00:43:49,759 Speaker 3: Her whole life is marked by the things she did 651 00:43:49,800 --> 00:43:52,799 Speaker 3: for others. What does her life tell us about what 652 00:43:53,000 --> 00:43:56,200 Speaker 3: society deems worthy of remembering about the life of a 653 00:43:56,239 --> 00:44:02,239 Speaker 3: revolutionary woman. I imagine her existing without the weight of 654 00:44:02,320 --> 00:44:06,680 Speaker 3: having to be godly, saintly, of her having an ordinary life, 655 00:44:06,960 --> 00:44:10,959 Speaker 3: drinking a cup of coffee, reading a poem, singing into 656 00:44:11,000 --> 00:44:15,920 Speaker 3: the stem of a sunflower. I remember her limitlessness, and 657 00:44:16,040 --> 00:44:26,719 Speaker 3: maybe this is enough. Back at Teresa's former red brick 658 00:44:26,800 --> 00:44:30,000 Speaker 3: wall apartment in Alpaso, the entrance of the building is 659 00:44:30,040 --> 00:44:33,239 Speaker 3: fenced in with black gates. Through its holes you can 660 00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:36,920 Speaker 3: see a giant plaque. Historian Da Vitromo reads it. 661 00:44:38,000 --> 00:44:40,760 Speaker 4: This was the site of the residence of Teresa Uva, 662 00:44:42,080 --> 00:44:48,400 Speaker 4: an influential, legendary healer who helped inspire early revolutionary movements. 663 00:44:49,640 --> 00:44:52,719 Speaker 3: There were once murals that covered the courtyard adjacent to 664 00:44:52,760 --> 00:44:57,040 Speaker 3: the apartment complex that hosted musse Urano. The murals were 665 00:44:57,080 --> 00:45:00,560 Speaker 3: painted by students and people from the neighborhood. Now they've 666 00:45:00,560 --> 00:45:03,600 Speaker 3: been painted over in a coat of page. Only one 667 00:45:03,680 --> 00:45:08,040 Speaker 3: tiny mural stands. The Mosieurvano closed down in twenty twelve 668 00:45:08,080 --> 00:45:11,080 Speaker 3: after they ran out of funds, and although the museum 669 00:45:11,160 --> 00:45:13,840 Speaker 3: is gone and the murals are gone, the spirit of 670 00:45:13,880 --> 00:45:15,839 Speaker 3: the museum lingers like a photograph. 671 00:45:16,520 --> 00:45:21,000 Speaker 4: I have never seen a reaction as joyful and as 672 00:45:21,080 --> 00:45:25,600 Speaker 4: grateful and as excited enthused for any museum I've ever 673 00:45:25,640 --> 00:45:29,399 Speaker 4: been too. And yeah, they hit me like people were 674 00:45:29,480 --> 00:45:34,040 Speaker 4: just like they're so hungry to have like a piece 675 00:45:34,040 --> 00:45:39,279 Speaker 4: of their history be honored, be dignified, even if it's 676 00:45:39,320 --> 00:45:41,440 Speaker 4: something very small and very poor. 677 00:45:42,360 --> 00:45:46,160 Speaker 3: And maybe that is the biggest testament to Theesa's legacy, 678 00:45:46,800 --> 00:45:50,680 Speaker 3: that even though her history was largely erased and forgotten, 679 00:45:51,160 --> 00:45:55,120 Speaker 3: her memory lives on in this building, in this city, 680 00:45:55,800 --> 00:45:56,560 Speaker 3: in its people. 681 00:46:00,320 --> 00:46:04,759 Speaker 2: One of the failures I think of radicals in the 682 00:46:04,800 --> 00:46:11,480 Speaker 2: history of this country is that they look only at politics, 683 00:46:11,560 --> 00:46:15,480 Speaker 2: but they don't think about love. But I'm not talking 684 00:46:15,520 --> 00:46:19,440 Speaker 2: about mushy, you know, romantic love. I'm talking about the 685 00:46:19,560 --> 00:46:22,960 Speaker 2: kind of love that recognizes the humanity and other people. 686 00:46:23,680 --> 00:46:26,560 Speaker 2: And if we recognize the humanity and other people like 687 00:46:27,440 --> 00:46:32,160 Speaker 2: I believe that Asita did, then you want the best 688 00:46:32,280 --> 00:46:35,520 Speaker 2: for them like you want for yourself, and that would 689 00:46:35,560 --> 00:46:45,560 Speaker 2: just change everything. 690 00:47:05,760 --> 00:47:08,640 Speaker 1: That's it for today. This episode was produced by Mari 691 00:47:08,800 --> 00:47:12,000 Speaker 1: Esquinka and edited by Marta Martinez. It was mixed by 692 00:47:12,000 --> 00:47:16,280 Speaker 1: Stephanie Lebou, Julia Caruso, and Rosanna Cavan, with engineering support 693 00:47:16,280 --> 00:47:19,440 Speaker 1: from J. J. Grubin fact CHECKI for this episode by 694 00:47:19,560 --> 00:47:23,960 Speaker 1: Ben Calin. The Latino USA team also includes Roxana Guire, 695 00:47:24,160 --> 00:47:30,480 Speaker 1: Fernanda Chavari, Jessica Ellis, Victoria Strada, Dominique Estrosa, Renaldo Leanoz Junior, 696 00:47:30,719 --> 00:47:35,640 Speaker 1: Andrea Lopez Gruzzado, Luis Luna, Dasha Sandoval, Ner Saudi and 697 00:47:35,719 --> 00:47:40,080 Speaker 1: Nancy Drucquiro. Benille Ramirez, Marlon Bishop, Maria Garcia and myself 698 00:47:40,120 --> 00:47:44,319 Speaker 1: are co executive producers and I'm your host Mariaojosa. Join 699 00:47:44,400 --> 00:47:47,160 Speaker 1: us again on our next episode. Dear listener. In the meantime, 700 00:47:47,400 --> 00:47:52,640 Speaker 1: I'll see you on social media and remember note maayes bye. 701 00:47:53,760 --> 00:47:58,320 Speaker 8: Latino USA is made possible in part by the Ford Foundation, 702 00:47:58,719 --> 00:48:02,719 Speaker 8: working with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide, 703 00:48:03,200 --> 00:48:07,239 Speaker 8: the John D. And Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the 704 00:48:07,320 --> 00:48:13,520 Speaker 8: Heising Simons Foundation unlocking knowledge, opportunity and possibilities more at 705 00:48:13,719 --> 00:48:15,480 Speaker 8: hsfoundation dot org. 706 00:48:19,480 --> 00:48:22,280 Speaker 3: At the time, this would have been very controversial since 707 00:48:22,320 --> 00:48:23,200 Speaker 3: they were not married.