WEBVTT - Emmanuel Macron Talks EU Spending, Banks M&A, China

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news. President Macron, thank you

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<v Speaker 1>for talking to Bloomberg. We're here at your annual Choose

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<v Speaker 1>France conference for foreign investors.

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<v Speaker 2>And as long as.

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<v Speaker 1>I've known you, you have always wanted to prepare France

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<v Speaker 1>to like business more, but also business to like France more.

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<v Speaker 1>And you look and you see what is happening here.

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<v Speaker 1>You have had many successes. You are about to trumpet

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<v Speaker 1>fifteen billion euros of investment in France, but you also

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<v Speaker 1>know France has problems. The economy is not growing that much.

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<v Speaker 1>The economy since you came in has grown roughly half

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<v Speaker 1>as fast as America. You still have a state that

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<v Speaker 1>takes up fifty seven percent of GDP, and you have

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<v Speaker 1>all that red tape which your government says it wants

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<v Speaker 1>to get rid of, that is around three percent of GDP.

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<v Speaker 1>So how do you persuade people to choose France against that?

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<v Speaker 3>Thank you very much for being here in this vers

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<v Speaker 3>castle and this is quite a good wrap up. It

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<v Speaker 3>just made. We delivered a lot of reform since the

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<v Speaker 3>very beginning twenty seventeen. Tax cuts, flat tax on capital gains,

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<v Speaker 3>we decreased from thirty three point three to twenty five

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<v Speaker 3>percents corporate taxes. We made a lot of reforms on

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<v Speaker 3>labor law and after COVID. During this the past two

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<v Speaker 3>years with inflation war in Ukraine, we passed reform and

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<v Speaker 3>on pension scheme and unemployment mechanisms. I don't see a

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<v Speaker 3>lot of countries around us having done so.

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<v Speaker 2>So you don't just want to be compared to Europe

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<v Speaker 2>to you.

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<v Speaker 3>No, no, no, My point is just to say we delivered,

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<v Speaker 3>We do deliver, and we will deliver. And this is

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<v Speaker 3>why we will launch this week a new bunch of

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<v Speaker 3>reform on labor market. We will launch a new bunch

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<v Speaker 3>of simplification and attractiveness package for finance, and we will

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<v Speaker 3>prepare for we have already launched new simplification and we

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<v Speaker 3>will prepare for September a new bunch of reform on

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<v Speaker 3>labor markets. So it's a permanent work. But I see

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<v Speaker 3>where we come from and where we want to go. France,

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<v Speaker 3>who was lagging behind clearly in Europe because of too

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<v Speaker 3>much bureaucracy, a strong system, a lot of strength, but

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<v Speaker 3>lack of competitiveness, I think we bridge I don't think

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<v Speaker 3>I see that we clearly bridge the gap with the

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<v Speaker 3>others and now we are runners in Europe. My concern

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<v Speaker 3>is not just France, is Europe in comparison with US

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<v Speaker 3>and China. And this is the point you mentioned during

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<v Speaker 3>the three past decades. If you take this three the

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<v Speaker 3>last three decades, we created half of the value per

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<v Speaker 3>capita created by the US. Why lack of innovation, lack

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<v Speaker 3>of investment. This is the main reason. This is why

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<v Speaker 3>now my top priority is to have a European policy

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<v Speaker 3>saying we have to be much more innovative, we have

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<v Speaker 3>to create a much more efficient capital market, we have

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<v Speaker 3>to invest much more from a common budget as Europeans

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<v Speaker 3>and from the private sector, and we have to deliver

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<v Speaker 3>in parallel our decabination because I do believe that climates,

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<v Speaker 3>digital growsome job creation are the scripillars of what we

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<v Speaker 3>have to deliver, and.

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<v Speaker 2>Those will go through all of those.

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<v Speaker 1>But just on that point about the European economy, you

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<v Speaker 1>had a full scale attack on it at the Sorbonne

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<v Speaker 1>where you said it is sclerotic, it is being left behind.

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<v Speaker 1>Do you think that from the EU's point of view,

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<v Speaker 1>that sclerotic economy is a bigger long term challenge and say,

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<v Speaker 1>think this is one.

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<v Speaker 3>I think this is clearly linked to what's happening as well.

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<v Speaker 3>But we have to completely reset our model. I think

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<v Speaker 3>now France clearly is one of the leading economy. We

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<v Speaker 3>are number one in attractiveness, we've been number one during

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<v Speaker 3>the past five years, and if you take job creation growth,

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<v Speaker 3>we are one or second in the Eurozone.

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<v Speaker 2>Do you think so.

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<v Speaker 3>We are here now when I take Europe and especially

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<v Speaker 3>the EU as a whole, but it's as well for UK.

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<v Speaker 3>We have this issue in terms of business model. Why

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<v Speaker 3>because we had low cost energy thanks to Russia, production

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<v Speaker 3>thanks to santral and Eastern European countries with quite low costs,

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<v Speaker 3>a market for exports China, and a geopolitical umbrella US.

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<v Speaker 3>These pillars are being completely revised totally, yes, and it's

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<v Speaker 3>no more valid. So we have to reinvent and how

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<v Speaker 3>by creating much more value on our own by being

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<v Speaker 3>much more innovative, by creating much more jobs and jobs

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<v Speaker 3>with value, good jobs, I would say, on our continents.

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<v Speaker 3>The key point is deliver much more innovation and productivity

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<v Speaker 3>policy public and privates. The second key reforms is to

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<v Speaker 3>accelerate the cabination and especially our electricity policy because through

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<v Speaker 3>renewables and nuclear energy, we can deliver low carbon, sovereign

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<v Speaker 3>and low cost energy, which is much more than important

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<v Speaker 3>gas and fossil fuels. Third, we need much more investment

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<v Speaker 3>based on common budget and my view, based on public

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<v Speaker 3>reports and figures, we need one trially in more in

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<v Speaker 3>terms of budget, in terms of spending, and in parallel,

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<v Speaker 3>we have to make the Capitan Market Union a reality,

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<v Speaker 3>which is can.

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<v Speaker 1>I come on to the Capital Market Union because you

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<v Speaker 1>have here an example.

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<v Speaker 2>You have BNP.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, now probably Europe's and definitely the Eurozone's most successful bank,

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<v Speaker 1>worth eighty billion dollars. But you know you are entertaining

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<v Speaker 1>these people like JP Morgan and someone JP Morgan is

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<v Speaker 1>worth five hundred and fifty billion. It's it's nine times

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<v Speaker 1>this big Bank of America, four times as big. And

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<v Speaker 1>the reason why is BMP Parrybar cannot expand throughout the

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<v Speaker 1>European Union and take over other banks. This is very cool,

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<v Speaker 1>civil you would like to see BMP take over one

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<v Speaker 1>of these, take over a German bank or an Italian one.

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<v Speaker 2>I want.

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<v Speaker 3>I mean, we do need a consolidation, but we do

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<v Speaker 3>need as well an actual domestic market as Europeans which

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<v Speaker 3>is not the case. We have to deal with twenty

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<v Speaker 3>seven regulations. You know, in energy, finance and telco are

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<v Speaker 3>the key sectors where single market doesn't exist. It was

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<v Speaker 3>a choice at the very beginning. I do agree that

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<v Speaker 3>we have now to open this box and to deliver

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<v Speaker 3>a single market approach with much more efficient So our

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<v Speaker 3>view is that now we want to elaborate Froanco German

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<v Speaker 3>consensus on capital marketingion to have a single system of resolution,

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<v Speaker 3>a single supervision and a much more integrated capital marketingion.

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<v Speaker 1>Would you be happy with, say Spain Santandre coming and

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<v Speaker 1>buying society general, I mean part of.

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<v Speaker 3>That, it's part of the market, but dealing as Europeans

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<v Speaker 3>means that you need consolidation as Europeans you're not.

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<v Speaker 2>So it could be cross board emergers for directions.

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<v Speaker 3>But this one is for banking union, it's already on track.

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<v Speaker 3>Now we have to do it for capital marketingion, which

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<v Speaker 3>is broader and and even more difficult. But we started

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<v Speaker 3>to do so at a political level during the last console,

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<v Speaker 3>and I do believe that we can find Aco German agreement.

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<v Speaker 3>But why I want you to just understand the challenge

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<v Speaker 3>for us seventy five percent of our financing as Europeans

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<v Speaker 3>go through banks and insurance, so we need much more consolidation.

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<v Speaker 3>But we need a clear circulation of the savings all

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<v Speaker 3>around the place. This is the first objective, to be

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<v Speaker 3>much more efficient and to be sure that our savings

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<v Speaker 3>will be invested in the right sectors and the right geographies. Second,

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<v Speaker 3>every year three hundred billion savings goes to finance the

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<v Speaker 3>US economy because we are not attractive.

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<v Speaker 2>So on.

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<v Speaker 3>In parallel with this capital market union and the simplification

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<v Speaker 3>having an equal single market, we clearly need the same

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<v Speaker 3>level playing field as the US in terms of financing,

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<v Speaker 3>which means when you take solvency in basil, as long

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<v Speaker 3>as it's not implemented by the US competitors, it should

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<v Speaker 3>not be implemented by the European competitors. Otherwise this is

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<v Speaker 3>a killer for his taking because these regulations just prevent you,

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<v Speaker 3>i mean, our banks from investing in equity, which is

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<v Speaker 3>exactly what we need. And if you take the key

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<v Speaker 3>driver of this difference between the US and Europe, the

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<v Speaker 3>key driver is the fact that the US economy innovated

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<v Speaker 3>and invested much more iniquity and innovation than the European economy.

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<v Speaker 3>I think we did much better during in POSTCOVIC than

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<v Speaker 3>what we did during the financial crisis. But now this

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<v Speaker 3>is a totally new world and we do need this

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<v Speaker 3>new business model for the Europeans, more innovation, more investment,

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<v Speaker 3>single market and capital market onion and a relevant trade

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<v Speaker 3>policy because I want to at this point known the

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<v Speaker 3>US and now China are compliant with WTO Today we

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<v Speaker 3>are the only one in the room to respect just

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<v Speaker 3>the regulation of the beauty.

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<v Speaker 2>And we are to naive we are to open both of.

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<v Speaker 3>Them, their players and their economies. Can we have to

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<v Speaker 3>do this thing?

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<v Speaker 1>Can we come back to the to the issue of

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<v Speaker 1>China later? But just another French company, Total you mentioned energy.

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<v Speaker 2>Total's CEO has.

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<v Speaker 1>Talked about moving its primary listing away from France towards

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<v Speaker 1>New York.

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<v Speaker 2>Would you be happy with that?

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<v Speaker 3>Not at all? Would and I would be very surprised. No,

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<v Speaker 3>I wait for any confirmation. I understood it was remorse so.

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<v Speaker 1>But it's interesting that it's tied to the idea that

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<v Speaker 1>he would face extra ESG measures here that he would

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<v Speaker 1>not face in America.

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<v Speaker 2>So thinks that would affect his valuation.

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<v Speaker 3>Do you mean that we are more SERUS than the

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<v Speaker 3>US in terms of green economy and transition.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, but you also in your speech at the Sorbonne

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<v Speaker 1>you said, as I paraphrase, you said you cannot let

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<v Speaker 1>decarbonization and be enemies exactly.

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<v Speaker 3>And this is my point. But the point is just

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<v Speaker 3>we have to be sure when we regulate, we should

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<v Speaker 3>not overregulate. Yes, and I think now we have to deliver.

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<v Speaker 3>We need in Europe much more investment. We have to

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<v Speaker 3>cut that tabs have more flexibility. But in parallel everybody

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<v Speaker 3>has to be serious. I saw a lot of funds,

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<v Speaker 3>a lot of asset managers saying we are with you

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<v Speaker 3>on climate change. Where is the beef? Are you sure

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<v Speaker 3>you are sufficiently compliant? Are you sure you are clearly

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<v Speaker 3>addressing the same issues. This is my point, and this

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<v Speaker 3>is why we need a resting chrognization between the US

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<v Speaker 3>and Europe. The restrant cognization is number one. The US

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<v Speaker 3>regulation in terms of crimachange as should be more serious

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<v Speaker 3>and realigned on the European ones. Second, the Europeans have

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<v Speaker 3>to invest much more and be more serious and realign

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<v Speaker 3>themselves on the US.

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<v Speaker 1>To answer iven another French company, I asked you about

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<v Speaker 1>total and bmp lvmh. I look, so nobody has done

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<v Speaker 1>better under the Macron presidency than Banner or No. He's

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<v Speaker 1>now his wealth has increased by one hundred and seventy

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<v Speaker 1>billion euros and he is now the richest man in

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<v Speaker 1>the world, probably the first Frenchman to have that honor

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<v Speaker 1>since Napoleon. And I think we can both say brave

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<v Speaker 1>to mister Io. He's done it in a more peaceful way.

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<v Speaker 1>But it's interesting you look at the people who've right

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<v Speaker 1>at the very top of the wealthiest people in France,

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<v Speaker 1>mostly either airs or in fashion or both, and I

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<v Speaker 1>wonder whether that is the kind of France you talked

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<v Speaker 1>about creating. You always talk about technology, but the people

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<v Speaker 1>who've done really well are these old style businesses.

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<v Speaker 3>You're right, all of them. I don't think it's all

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<v Speaker 3>style of business, but it's a business where we have

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<v Speaker 3>competitive advantage luxury fashion and so because France is one

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<v Speaker 3>of a great place and Bernadaud consolidated this market very early.

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<v Speaker 3>He was one of the font in this industry, and

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<v Speaker 3>I think it is very good and this is a

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<v Speaker 3>chance for us because first we speak about a lot

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<v Speaker 3>of jobs which are located in France because a lot

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<v Speaker 3>of these jobs are impossible to be relocated elsewhere.

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<v Speaker 2>When you speak.

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<v Speaker 3>About alcohol, when you speak about cognac, maniac, champagne, fashion

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<v Speaker 3>and making a lot of this stuff, it's added value.

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<v Speaker 3>It's low qualified and very qualified jobs. And in tall

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<v Speaker 3>it consolidated the market elsewhere. And thanks to the fact

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<v Speaker 3>that is listed in France, we consolidate a lot of

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<v Speaker 3>value and value creation as well. This is why thanks

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<v Speaker 3>to total lvmh BNP and so on. But we are

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<v Speaker 3>the second largest place of the world to list your company.

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<v Speaker 1>But there is a there's a tension, isn't it If

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<v Speaker 1>I look at all those people, or certainly as VMH

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<v Speaker 1>carrying all those ones. They have done spectacically well by

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<v Speaker 1>exporting to places like China. They've done very well out

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<v Speaker 1>of globalization and all the prescriptions you were just talking

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<v Speaker 1>about in terms of Europe having higher top trade rules

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<v Speaker 1>being tougher with China. You know what will happen in

0:14:09.600 --> 0:14:13.199
<v Speaker 1>a couple of months time, the Europeans will say we want.

0:14:13.000 --> 0:14:14.760
<v Speaker 2>To put tariffs on electric vehicles.

0:14:15.080 --> 0:14:17.520
<v Speaker 1>And what will happen is mister g despite what he

0:14:17.880 --> 0:14:20.120
<v Speaker 1>told the last year, he will come back and will

0:14:20.160 --> 0:14:23.280
<v Speaker 1>he will put tariffs on Cognac and that will help

0:14:22.880 --> 0:14:25.840
<v Speaker 1>those very successful French business people.

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<v Speaker 3>Look, I think this is exactly the mistake we made

0:14:28.400 --> 0:14:32.320
<v Speaker 3>twenty years ago on the solar panels, and we killed

0:14:32.320 --> 0:14:36.440
<v Speaker 3>them our industry. I'm very simple. I don't like your

0:14:36.440 --> 0:14:39.640
<v Speaker 3>own blackmail anybody. I just look at a picture. When

0:14:39.640 --> 0:14:43.400
<v Speaker 3>you have diaries of ten for your electric for Chinese

0:14:43.400 --> 0:14:47.080
<v Speaker 3>electric vehicles entering into our market, and when you are

0:14:47.160 --> 0:14:50.120
<v Speaker 3>taxed between fifteen and twenty four when you go to

0:14:50.160 --> 0:14:53.400
<v Speaker 3>the Chinese market, you have an issue. And on all

0:14:53.440 --> 0:14:57.240
<v Speaker 3>the different sectors. What we want is just reciprocity. We

0:14:57.320 --> 0:15:01.960
<v Speaker 3>want and in fact more and that margins then regarding

0:15:02.040 --> 0:15:06.200
<v Speaker 3>the relation with China, level playing field. So what we

0:15:06.320 --> 0:15:08.800
<v Speaker 3>ask for is exactly that we want to be sure

0:15:08.800 --> 0:15:09.600
<v Speaker 3>that in terms.

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<v Speaker 2>Of tariffs, subsidies, rules of.

0:15:12.520 --> 0:15:16.480
<v Speaker 3>Production, we have a fair competition. And I mentioned it

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<v Speaker 3>very openly to present see. So it is not a

0:15:19.240 --> 0:15:22.600
<v Speaker 3>geopolitical agenda. We don't want to blackmail and push back

0:15:22.680 --> 0:15:25.240
<v Speaker 3>some of the production. We want to be sure it

0:15:25.320 --> 0:15:31.520
<v Speaker 3>is fair. It's fair to launch precisely inquiries and look

0:15:31.560 --> 0:15:35.320
<v Speaker 3>in details of the situation and revise it. If we

0:15:35.360 --> 0:15:38.280
<v Speaker 3>are weak, if we are threatened by the fact that

0:15:38.320 --> 0:15:42.480
<v Speaker 3>you can have retortion measures, you just don't do what

0:15:42.520 --> 0:15:45.240
<v Speaker 3>you have to do. We had this discussion and this

0:15:45.360 --> 0:15:48.080
<v Speaker 3>is why they decided not to implement the first measures

0:15:48.120 --> 0:15:51.400
<v Speaker 3>on Cognac, but to withdraw the first one. So I

0:15:51.440 --> 0:15:54.360
<v Speaker 3>think it's it's a normal approach. But look at the

0:15:54.400 --> 0:15:57.760
<v Speaker 3>situation today. The European Union is the most open place

0:15:57.800 --> 0:16:01.000
<v Speaker 3>of the world. But you cannot serve if at the

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<v Speaker 3>same time you have subsidieson other capacities in China and

0:16:04.480 --> 0:16:08.280
<v Speaker 3>protection in some part of the market, and inflation rediction

0:16:08.440 --> 0:16:12.800
<v Speaker 3>acts and buy American acts in the US. It doesn't

0:16:12.840 --> 0:16:13.680
<v Speaker 3>fly once again.

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<v Speaker 2>So Europe has got to get tougher now.

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<v Speaker 3>But this is a necessary not because we are protectionists,

0:16:19.800 --> 0:16:21.440
<v Speaker 3>because we want to protect our.

0:16:21.600 --> 0:16:24.080
<v Speaker 2>German The Germans do not agree with you without life.

0:16:23.880 --> 0:16:28.000
<v Speaker 3>I think it depends whom in Germany and for which perspective.

0:16:28.480 --> 0:16:32.080
<v Speaker 3>It's certainly true that some German companies, when they are

0:16:32.120 --> 0:16:36.880
<v Speaker 3>incorporated in China, for instance, benefiting from subsiditions, not just German,

0:16:36.960 --> 0:16:40.960
<v Speaker 3>European American. Their interest is probably to preserve that and

0:16:41.200 --> 0:16:43.440
<v Speaker 3>to sell themselves are over capacities in China to the

0:16:43.520 --> 0:16:46.760
<v Speaker 3>rest of the world. And especially the European markets. But

0:16:46.880 --> 0:16:50.720
<v Speaker 3>the German economies interest is totally aligne with the French

0:16:50.720 --> 0:16:57.680
<v Speaker 3>economies interests meaning creating jobs, creating value, but just protecting

0:16:58.440 --> 0:17:01.120
<v Speaker 3>your business and your people when they are attacked by

0:17:01.240 --> 0:17:05.280
<v Speaker 3>unfir measures and it's it's normal, it's part of the business.

0:17:05.520 --> 0:17:07.879
<v Speaker 3>So for me, it's just a no brainer.

0:17:08.000 --> 0:17:11.960
<v Speaker 1>It's a very interesting journey watching you make the French

0:17:12.280 --> 0:17:14.159
<v Speaker 1>love business more and business love France more.

0:17:14.200 --> 0:17:16.920
<v Speaker 2>Thank you very much, no, thank you. Into Bloomberg. It's

0:17:17.000 --> 0:17:17.520
<v Speaker 2>very important.

0:17:17.560 --> 0:17:19.080
<v Speaker 3>Thank you for being here. I hope you will have

0:17:19.080 --> 0:17:22.240
<v Speaker 3>the importanity to discuss with a lot of CEOs and

0:17:22.280 --> 0:17:26.160
<v Speaker 3>we will continue because business is in permanent evolution, given

0:17:26.200 --> 0:17:27.840
<v Speaker 3>the fact that your politics.

0:17:27.440 --> 0:17:30.000
<v Speaker 2>Is start moving all the time.

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<v Speaker 3>Thank you, thank you.

0:17:32.160 --> 0:17:32.480
<v Speaker 2>Jemis