1 00:00:01,080 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to you stuff you should know from house Stuff 2 00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:12,600 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm 3 00:00:12,680 --> 00:00:18,239 Speaker 1: Josh Clark with Charles W. Chuck Bryant, and Jerome Rowland. Jerry, 4 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:22,520 Speaker 1: that's j E. R. I. Yeah, for those who don't know, 5 00:00:22,760 --> 00:00:26,599 Speaker 1: we've ever said that, and we get many, many variations. Yeah, 6 00:00:26,600 --> 00:00:29,120 Speaker 1: it's it's mind boggling to mean that some people get 7 00:00:29,120 --> 00:00:32,920 Speaker 1: it right. And Jerry's a lady. Yes, shews. We'll just 8 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:35,600 Speaker 1: go ahead and you know, get that out there. I 9 00:00:35,720 --> 00:00:38,960 Speaker 1: think that most people knew that, right, most people new 10 00:00:39,000 --> 00:00:43,519 Speaker 1: listeners are producers. J E. R. Right, the lady, Oh night, 11 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:48,040 Speaker 1: that's a T shirt right there. Uh okay, well we 12 00:00:48,080 --> 00:00:51,000 Speaker 1: have that settled officially. If anybody ever asked, we can 13 00:00:51,040 --> 00:00:54,080 Speaker 1: just send them the link to the Spanish Inquisition episode. Yeah. 14 00:00:54,440 --> 00:00:56,880 Speaker 1: I've been singing the History of the World Part one 15 00:00:56,920 --> 00:00:59,000 Speaker 1: song all day. Yeah, I was gonna ask, how how 16 00:00:59,040 --> 00:01:01,959 Speaker 1: shall we start this with with the song or with 17 00:01:02,040 --> 00:01:06,280 Speaker 1: the Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition. Uh so either of 18 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:09,680 Speaker 1: mel Brooks or Monty Python. Well, they're both great to 19 00:01:10,240 --> 00:01:11,840 Speaker 1: you do one and I'll do the other at the 20 00:01:11,840 --> 00:01:16,360 Speaker 1: same time. The Inquisition. No one expects the Spanish Inquisition. 21 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:20,080 Speaker 1: I watched that bit again today too, and I was like, 22 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:25,559 Speaker 1: that's good. He got me l o LD. Wow. Yeah, 23 00:01:25,720 --> 00:01:27,840 Speaker 1: Flying Circuits one of the great sketch shows of all time. 24 00:01:27,880 --> 00:01:31,959 Speaker 1: I think I'm curious, Chuck, what percentage of l O 25 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:36,520 Speaker 1: L s do you think are actually symbolic of a 26 00:01:36,640 --> 00:01:39,960 Speaker 1: real laugh out loud, like when people say that, even 27 00:01:40,000 --> 00:01:42,960 Speaker 1: if it's a chuckle. Yeah, I don't know. I never 28 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:48,280 Speaker 1: say l O L though, always say like, oh, I've 29 00:01:48,280 --> 00:01:54,680 Speaker 1: seen you. No, I have to dude, I've never typed 30 00:01:54,800 --> 00:01:57,840 Speaker 1: l O L. That is not for any Internet shorthand. 31 00:01:57,960 --> 00:02:03,240 Speaker 1: That's true. It's is so true. To find the documentations, Okay, 32 00:02:03,320 --> 00:02:06,360 Speaker 1: I'm going to find it. I didn't expect the third degree. 33 00:02:07,120 --> 00:02:10,400 Speaker 1: Nobody expects the third degree. That's what my family said. 34 00:02:10,400 --> 00:02:14,120 Speaker 1: We said the third degree, not the Spanish Inquisition third degree. 35 00:02:14,720 --> 00:02:21,400 Speaker 1: Uh my family just left everybody alone. That must uh so, Chuck, Yes, 36 00:02:21,560 --> 00:02:24,960 Speaker 1: you've heard of the Spanish Inquisition obviously, are you? Were 37 00:02:25,000 --> 00:02:28,639 Speaker 1: you familiar with the actual thing, like beyond the seventies 38 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:32,480 Speaker 1: and the nineteen seventies, No, with money Python and mel Brooks. No, 39 00:02:32,560 --> 00:02:34,160 Speaker 1: I didn't know a whole lot about it. Was this 40 00:02:34,240 --> 00:02:36,720 Speaker 1: one was a delight to learn. Yeah, it was one 41 00:02:36,760 --> 00:02:39,119 Speaker 1: of those things in history where you realize a man, 42 00:02:39,160 --> 00:02:41,920 Speaker 1: it has it all. Frankly, there was more to it 43 00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:49,440 Speaker 1: than just what we thought, and it's possibly misunderstood. Yeah, 44 00:02:49,480 --> 00:02:53,600 Speaker 1: there's a lot of controversy surrounding how uh deep it 45 00:02:53,680 --> 00:02:57,079 Speaker 1: went and how bloody it got, and uh a lot 46 00:02:57,080 --> 00:02:59,720 Speaker 1: of people are still duking it out. Yeah, and that's 47 00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:03,520 Speaker 1: a that's it makes sense. Pope John Paul put it 48 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:09,280 Speaker 1: very well when he said, and I'm paraphrasing here that um, like, yes, 49 00:03:09,280 --> 00:03:13,239 Speaker 1: the Inquisition happened. Yes it was super messed up. Let's 50 00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:15,480 Speaker 1: find out exactly how messed up it is so the 51 00:03:15,560 --> 00:03:20,960 Speaker 1: church can be fully penitent h under um, being fully informed. 52 00:03:21,520 --> 00:03:24,320 Speaker 1: But he wasn't saying, like, stop making such a big 53 00:03:24,360 --> 00:03:26,720 Speaker 1: deal about the inquisition everywhere, because it was a big 54 00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:32,240 Speaker 1: deal because it was using, um, a court system, pretty 55 00:03:32,320 --> 00:03:35,360 Speaker 1: much a perverted court system, and now the kind that's 56 00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:38,120 Speaker 1: like you know, rusty and eugene like perverted meaning like 57 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:45,600 Speaker 1: twisted and grotesque. Um two route people out based on 58 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:48,720 Speaker 1: the idea that there they weren't pious enough or pious 59 00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:52,640 Speaker 1: in the right ways. And even that was disingenuous because 60 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:56,760 Speaker 1: ultimately it was used to consolidate power. Yeah, and I 61 00:03:56,800 --> 00:04:02,600 Speaker 1: saw other remarks from historians it even more ultimately, perhaps 62 00:04:03,000 --> 00:04:06,080 Speaker 1: it was a way to get money. Yeah, so power 63 00:04:06,120 --> 00:04:08,200 Speaker 1: and money. I think. So the whole thing just disgusting 64 00:04:08,400 --> 00:04:11,240 Speaker 1: at its core, and it's a real blemish on the 65 00:04:11,360 --> 00:04:14,440 Speaker 1: history of both the Church and Europe. Um. But it 66 00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:17,800 Speaker 1: did happen. But it's also possible that just how bad 67 00:04:17,839 --> 00:04:21,200 Speaker 1: it was, like you're saying was was exaggerated over the years. 68 00:04:21,760 --> 00:04:24,440 Speaker 1: So let's talk about this. We're talking specifically about the 69 00:04:24,480 --> 00:04:27,240 Speaker 1: Spanish Inquisition, but you can't really just talk about the 70 00:04:27,279 --> 00:04:30,039 Speaker 1: Spanish Inquisition. It didn't happen in a vacuum. It was 71 00:04:30,120 --> 00:04:33,159 Speaker 1: part of a larger thing that the inquisition in general. 72 00:04:33,760 --> 00:04:38,000 Speaker 1: Um which is basically a court system where the court 73 00:04:38,600 --> 00:04:42,440 Speaker 1: is actually responsible for trying you rather than being an 74 00:04:42,480 --> 00:04:47,159 Speaker 1: impartial spectator referee. Yeah, it's called the tribunal. Basically, there's 75 00:04:47,160 --> 00:04:50,520 Speaker 1: no jury. It's the judge decides whether you're guilty or 76 00:04:50,600 --> 00:04:53,680 Speaker 1: not and what your fate will be, right, which is 77 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:57,120 Speaker 1: kind of uneasy for the person who's being tried. Yeah, 78 00:04:57,200 --> 00:04:59,200 Speaker 1: you got one. Well, I think maybe a couple of 79 00:04:59,360 --> 00:05:02,520 Speaker 1: inquisitive wors uh might have been at work at times, 80 00:05:02,520 --> 00:05:05,200 Speaker 1: but it definitely wasn't like a jury system by any 81 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:08,360 Speaker 1: means none at all. Um. There were also some other 82 00:05:09,839 --> 00:05:15,480 Speaker 1: characteristics of a UM inquisition. You were not allowed to 83 00:05:15,520 --> 00:05:19,839 Speaker 1: know who is accusing you, and anyone could accuse you. 84 00:05:19,839 --> 00:05:22,920 Speaker 1: You had to testify whether you wanted to or not 85 00:05:23,520 --> 00:05:26,039 Speaker 1: without any help. Yeah, and like you said, anybody could 86 00:05:26,040 --> 00:05:29,680 Speaker 1: accuse you. Other criminals could accuse you, family members, other 87 00:05:30,720 --> 00:05:33,960 Speaker 1: other heretics. And that was the whole point of this 88 00:05:34,520 --> 00:05:39,479 Speaker 1: was to root out heretics, people who UM were who 89 00:05:39,520 --> 00:05:45,040 Speaker 1: held beliefs that flew in the face of church church orthodoxy. Yeah, 90 00:05:45,080 --> 00:05:46,920 Speaker 1: and I think we should get into this a little 91 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:52,640 Speaker 1: bit because there's a broad definition of heretic. Like what 92 00:05:52,680 --> 00:05:57,040 Speaker 1: they could actually ring people up for was vast. You know, 93 00:05:57,760 --> 00:06:01,800 Speaker 1: it wasn't like your Thai Catholic or you're a non 94 00:06:01,880 --> 00:06:07,200 Speaker 1: Christian atheist, like most of these people were either converts 95 00:06:07,240 --> 00:06:12,159 Speaker 1: to Catholicism, you know, forced converts like Jews or Muslims, 96 00:06:12,880 --> 00:06:16,640 Speaker 1: or you know, it could have been anything from bigamy 97 00:06:16,760 --> 00:06:19,520 Speaker 1: to quote superstitions was one of the things. Yeah, there 98 00:06:19,520 --> 00:06:23,039 Speaker 1: are a lot of witches who were rooted out solicitation 99 00:06:23,120 --> 00:06:25,480 Speaker 1: and this is all by the way from the archive. Um. 100 00:06:26,640 --> 00:06:31,480 Speaker 1: They eventually um opened up the Secret Archives. The Catholic 101 00:06:31,520 --> 00:06:34,280 Speaker 1: Church did about all this. Yeah, that's capitalized by the way, 102 00:06:34,360 --> 00:06:38,120 Speaker 1: secret archives. That's a really it's a title. Um. And 103 00:06:38,160 --> 00:06:41,440 Speaker 1: so they actually had percentages of the of what people 104 00:06:41,480 --> 00:06:43,720 Speaker 1: were were brought in for. And like I said, most 105 00:06:43,760 --> 00:06:46,479 Speaker 1: of them was because you were a different faith. But 106 00:06:46,600 --> 00:06:49,680 Speaker 1: one of them was a miscellaneous two or three thousand 107 00:06:49,760 --> 00:06:56,960 Speaker 1: people freemasonry, sodomy, bigamy, superstitions, basically anything that they could 108 00:06:57,000 --> 00:06:59,719 Speaker 1: cook up that they wanted to cook up. Okay, so 109 00:06:59,800 --> 00:07:03,120 Speaker 1: let's if they wanted to and that was heresy and 110 00:07:03,160 --> 00:07:06,600 Speaker 1: that was the umbrella crime that was being investigated by 111 00:07:06,640 --> 00:07:11,680 Speaker 1: the inquisitions. Yeah, supposedly you had to be um. You 112 00:07:11,720 --> 00:07:14,280 Speaker 1: had to be teaching these beliefs just to other people, 113 00:07:14,680 --> 00:07:17,400 Speaker 1: not just simply like a quiet believer of these uh 114 00:07:17,560 --> 00:07:21,360 Speaker 1: heretic things. Um. And you had to be doing it 115 00:07:21,400 --> 00:07:24,560 Speaker 1: of your own free will and like not be like 116 00:07:24,640 --> 00:07:29,000 Speaker 1: if you were under the influence of Satan. Hey, and 117 00:07:29,120 --> 00:07:34,520 Speaker 1: you had to um still hold this belief publicly even 118 00:07:34,560 --> 00:07:38,320 Speaker 1: after being corrected, even after its pointed out that what 119 00:07:38,480 --> 00:07:40,800 Speaker 1: you what you believe is heresy. So you want to 120 00:07:40,840 --> 00:07:43,920 Speaker 1: correct yourself yeah, so if you didn't correct, if you 121 00:07:43,960 --> 00:07:47,760 Speaker 1: didn't auto correct, then uh, yeah, you're right. So let's 122 00:07:47,800 --> 00:07:53,520 Speaker 1: take it back, um a little further back in the day. Uh, 123 00:07:54,280 --> 00:07:58,880 Speaker 1: Christians were very much persecuted and we're thrown to the 124 00:07:58,920 --> 00:08:04,880 Speaker 1: lions and were, Um there's there they were. They were 125 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:09,880 Speaker 1: very much mistreated. And apparently they kind of took that 126 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:12,960 Speaker 1: in a lot the same way that um maybe uh 127 00:08:13,280 --> 00:08:18,120 Speaker 1: Pip squeak, who's bullied and then bulks up over time, Yeah, 128 00:08:18,280 --> 00:08:22,200 Speaker 1: would treat being bullied. Um. The Christians did much the 129 00:08:22,240 --> 00:08:24,400 Speaker 1: same thing. Either that or they had a very short memory. 130 00:08:24,520 --> 00:08:29,480 Speaker 1: Because Um, after Constantine the Great converted to Christianity, he 131 00:08:29,600 --> 00:08:33,959 Speaker 1: was the Roman emperor. Um, all of a sudden, the Church, 132 00:08:34,080 --> 00:08:37,320 Speaker 1: the Catholic Church, started to enjoy a lot of power, 133 00:08:38,120 --> 00:08:41,320 Speaker 1: and that power grew and grew and grew. Um. And 134 00:08:41,320 --> 00:08:43,400 Speaker 1: then all of a sudden, there were monarchies all over 135 00:08:43,440 --> 00:08:48,400 Speaker 1: Europe that were Catholic, They considered themselves Catholic, they associated 136 00:08:48,440 --> 00:08:50,920 Speaker 1: with the Catholic Church, they were in cahoots with the pope, 137 00:08:51,480 --> 00:08:55,880 Speaker 1: and they they became very powerful. The Church became a 138 00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:59,280 Speaker 1: very powerful institution. Um. And one of the ways that 139 00:08:59,400 --> 00:09:02,560 Speaker 1: it's I did it was going to spread its power 140 00:09:02,880 --> 00:09:07,480 Speaker 1: and maintain its power. Was to squash anything that was 141 00:09:07,520 --> 00:09:12,800 Speaker 1: outside the purview of Catholic orthodoxy. Anything that the Pope 142 00:09:12,840 --> 00:09:20,000 Speaker 1: said was not kosher was um not okay, it was heresy. 143 00:09:20,240 --> 00:09:22,000 Speaker 1: And this is at the same time there are a 144 00:09:22,040 --> 00:09:26,320 Speaker 1: lot of different sects of Christianity, of Catholicism, even that 145 00:09:26,360 --> 00:09:29,200 Speaker 1: we're starting to gain in popularity. So things like the 146 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:33,840 Speaker 1: Illuminati came out of this um era and the cars 147 00:09:34,720 --> 00:09:40,160 Speaker 1: like very spiritual uh groups that were Christian and identify 148 00:09:40,200 --> 00:09:42,960 Speaker 1: as Christian but thought the Pope was corrupt, and the 149 00:09:42,960 --> 00:09:45,880 Speaker 1: Pope said, or we're coming after you guys. And this 150 00:09:45,920 --> 00:09:49,240 Speaker 1: was the first Inquisition. Yeah, there were even uh persecution 151 00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:53,640 Speaker 1: of fellow Christians, Protestant Christians, Lutheran Christians. So it wasn't 152 00:09:53,640 --> 00:09:57,360 Speaker 1: necessarily just your Jew or your Muslim. No, these were 153 00:09:57,480 --> 00:10:01,120 Speaker 1: Christians initially. It wasn't until the Spanish Inquisition that Jews 154 00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:04,959 Speaker 1: were targeted. It was um during the medieval or Papal 155 00:10:05,040 --> 00:10:08,560 Speaker 1: Inquisition starting and I think twelve thirty one under Pope 156 00:10:08,600 --> 00:10:14,920 Speaker 1: Gregory the ninth, he issued a papal bull that said, uh, 157 00:10:14,960 --> 00:10:20,440 Speaker 1: we're going after heretics and we're going to use uh inquisitions. Yeah, 158 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:23,280 Speaker 1: and that was the start, that's right, twelve thirty one, 159 00:10:23,400 --> 00:10:25,600 Speaker 1: and uh, he picked the what was known as the 160 00:10:25,640 --> 00:10:30,760 Speaker 1: Dominican Order, which was not Dominicans in Dominican Republic, but 161 00:10:30,920 --> 00:10:36,240 Speaker 1: founded by Saint Dominic de Guzman Um. And they were 162 00:10:36,280 --> 00:10:40,280 Speaker 1: apparently like super smart and really knowledgeable, and they were 163 00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:44,160 Speaker 1: the people too, I guess, the a team to go 164 00:10:44,200 --> 00:10:47,840 Speaker 1: about conducting this first inquisition. Right. So this was under 165 00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:51,520 Speaker 1: King Ferdinand two and Queen Isabella, and it says there 166 00:10:51,520 --> 00:10:55,360 Speaker 1: were secular rulers. Do you know what that means? Uh? 167 00:10:55,520 --> 00:10:57,760 Speaker 1: Did they not identify as Catholic or they just that 168 00:10:57,840 --> 00:11:00,600 Speaker 1: wasn't there? No, they definitely did. I think what they 169 00:11:00,600 --> 00:11:03,080 Speaker 1: were saying was they weren't. It wasn't like the pope. 170 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:06,040 Speaker 1: It was they were like, Okay, they were the head 171 00:11:06,040 --> 00:11:08,199 Speaker 1: of government. Okay, that makes sense, Yeah, I got you. 172 00:11:08,320 --> 00:11:10,960 Speaker 1: But they did identify as Catholic, and they just recently 173 00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:16,640 Speaker 1: united Spain under the Catholic monarchy, and so they were saying, 174 00:11:16,720 --> 00:11:19,640 Speaker 1: we need to make sure everybody else's Catholic. So let's 175 00:11:19,880 --> 00:11:22,320 Speaker 1: let's start an inquisition here too, right. Plus we can 176 00:11:22,360 --> 00:11:25,920 Speaker 1: collect some money, right if their found guilty, take their land. 177 00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:29,160 Speaker 1: That kind of thing. Uh. So, like I said, Isabelle 178 00:11:29,160 --> 00:11:33,920 Speaker 1: and Ferdinand with Pope six to the fourth uh And 179 00:11:33,920 --> 00:11:37,400 Speaker 1: like you said, it was to create unity on the surface, 180 00:11:37,800 --> 00:11:41,439 Speaker 1: but probably was more about power and money and um 181 00:11:41,880 --> 00:11:46,880 Speaker 1: kind of just squashing any alternative alternative thought. Right. Yeah, 182 00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:49,760 Speaker 1: I mean they were like, if you're consolidating two lands 183 00:11:49,760 --> 00:11:52,760 Speaker 1: into a single kingdom, it's not like flipping a switch. 184 00:11:53,000 --> 00:11:54,760 Speaker 1: You know, like there's a lot of people who have 185 00:11:54,840 --> 00:11:59,040 Speaker 1: political ties and alliances on a more local level, there's 186 00:11:59,120 --> 00:12:03,400 Speaker 1: like Dina's ease and clans um. The I guess Isabella 187 00:12:03,440 --> 00:12:05,959 Speaker 1: and Ferdinand said, you know, a really good way to 188 00:12:06,559 --> 00:12:11,839 Speaker 1: unite everybody is under the banner of Catholicism. But ultimately 189 00:12:11,960 --> 00:12:15,120 Speaker 1: it was about them consolidating their power and breaking up 190 00:12:15,160 --> 00:12:18,280 Speaker 1: these alliances and and to gain money because part of 191 00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:21,600 Speaker 1: the inquisition was if you were accused of heresy, and 192 00:12:21,679 --> 00:12:25,120 Speaker 1: if you were convicted of heresy, the church and the 193 00:12:25,200 --> 00:12:28,280 Speaker 1: government would take your land and split it with the 194 00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:31,719 Speaker 1: person who accused you. So it ultimately became this very 195 00:12:31,880 --> 00:12:36,360 Speaker 1: powerful political tool and almost a machine that raised a 196 00:12:36,360 --> 00:12:40,600 Speaker 1: lot of money for Spain. Yeah. We we talked about 197 00:12:40,679 --> 00:12:44,040 Speaker 1: Jews and Muslims. They were two of the bigger targets um. 198 00:12:44,080 --> 00:12:46,800 Speaker 1: As far as it was just a bigoted culture. Basically, 199 00:12:46,880 --> 00:12:50,720 Speaker 1: Jews were putting ghettos or killed um, which is weird 200 00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:54,679 Speaker 1: because Spain was a very it grew out of Jews, 201 00:12:54,880 --> 00:12:59,120 Speaker 1: Christians and Muslims living together in this area. But then 202 00:12:59,240 --> 00:13:04,520 Speaker 1: under Ferdinand and Isabella, they were like, it was just Catholicism. Yeah, 203 00:13:04,520 --> 00:13:08,840 Speaker 1: they were officially banished um with the Alhambra decree in 204 00:13:08,840 --> 00:13:13,440 Speaker 1: four two. And here's the rub is a lot of 205 00:13:13,440 --> 00:13:15,960 Speaker 1: these Jews converted to Catholicism. But it wasn't like they 206 00:13:15,960 --> 00:13:18,240 Speaker 1: were like, oh cool, well, you know, that's great, you 207 00:13:18,280 --> 00:13:20,679 Speaker 1: converted to our religion and that's all well and fine. 208 00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:26,360 Speaker 1: They called them pigs um maranos, which is derogatory, and 209 00:13:27,120 --> 00:13:30,840 Speaker 1: said we think you're probably still really practicing Judaism, which 210 00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:32,960 Speaker 1: some of them might have been. So yeah, it was 211 00:13:33,160 --> 00:13:37,920 Speaker 1: like the suddenly the power establishment was was Catholic and 212 00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:40,800 Speaker 1: there were a lot of Jews who converted. They were 213 00:13:40,800 --> 00:13:43,000 Speaker 1: called converse those two, which was I think kind of 214 00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:46,319 Speaker 1: a neutral term for him. But they were converted Catholics. 215 00:13:46,520 --> 00:13:49,080 Speaker 1: And yes, there was a great deal of suspicion that 216 00:13:49,160 --> 00:13:52,679 Speaker 1: they were Jewish and everything but name and that they 217 00:13:52,760 --> 00:13:56,280 Speaker 1: just converted to avoid persecution, not even necessarily at first 218 00:13:56,280 --> 00:13:58,800 Speaker 1: to avoid persecution, but just to to be able to 219 00:13:58,880 --> 00:14:03,280 Speaker 1: gain power because the power establishment was Catholic. So I'll 220 00:14:03,320 --> 00:14:06,000 Speaker 1: just go become Catholic too, and not still really Jewish, 221 00:14:06,040 --> 00:14:08,280 Speaker 1: but I can hang out and have communion with you 222 00:14:08,320 --> 00:14:11,880 Speaker 1: guys who were running the show. And so it was 223 00:14:11,920 --> 00:14:14,800 Speaker 1: the suspicion that they were what are called crypto Jews 224 00:14:15,960 --> 00:14:20,480 Speaker 1: running around in Spain that initiated the First inquis or 225 00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:23,000 Speaker 1: the Spanish Inquisition. Yeah, and I guess the same is 226 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:26,800 Speaker 1: true with the Muslim mores Um. They would convert to Catholicism, 227 00:14:26,800 --> 00:14:29,440 Speaker 1: and that still didn't really count. They were known as 228 00:14:29,640 --> 00:14:33,560 Speaker 1: Morisco's which is Moorish, and it was basically the same 229 00:14:33,560 --> 00:14:36,280 Speaker 1: thing as the Jewish community. There were still targets even 230 00:14:36,320 --> 00:14:40,840 Speaker 1: though they converted. And uh, like I said, it went 231 00:14:40,840 --> 00:14:44,440 Speaker 1: all the way over to Protestants and fellow Christians. So 232 00:14:44,760 --> 00:14:48,560 Speaker 1: anything not Catholic basically, and not even not just not Catholic, 233 00:14:48,600 --> 00:14:52,200 Speaker 1: but not orthodox Catholic. Yeah, it wasn't just in Europe either, 234 00:14:52,360 --> 00:14:54,200 Speaker 1: it was it happened in the New World in Mexico, 235 00:14:54,280 --> 00:14:57,640 Speaker 1: basically anywhere Spain was setting up shop. There could be 236 00:14:57,720 --> 00:15:01,600 Speaker 1: a mobile inquisition unit. So like that was one of 237 00:15:01,600 --> 00:15:05,320 Speaker 1: the even more despicable aspects of the Inquisition was that 238 00:15:05,360 --> 00:15:07,560 Speaker 1: they would go conquer a land and then set up 239 00:15:07,600 --> 00:15:10,120 Speaker 1: an inquisition to root out the non Catholics in a 240 00:15:10,240 --> 00:15:13,320 Speaker 1: land that was there were no Catholics. So like when 241 00:15:13,400 --> 00:15:18,040 Speaker 1: Spain took over Granada, um it was Moorish, it was Muslim. 242 00:15:18,480 --> 00:15:22,640 Speaker 1: They set up the the inquisition there, or the Portuguese 243 00:15:22,720 --> 00:15:25,640 Speaker 1: also had an inquisition, and when they went to India 244 00:15:26,400 --> 00:15:30,160 Speaker 1: they set up the goa In Inquisition and rooted out Hindus. 245 00:15:30,360 --> 00:15:32,880 Speaker 1: Well it's like, of course there's Hindus here. You guys 246 00:15:32,960 --> 00:15:36,440 Speaker 1: came from over there to the land of Hindus. Yes, 247 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:38,760 Speaker 1: there's gonna be Hindus here. Like this is this is 248 00:15:38,800 --> 00:15:41,480 Speaker 1: awful yea. But yeah, they also did it in Mexico 249 00:15:41,640 --> 00:15:44,680 Speaker 1: and other places too. Uh yeah. And like we said, 250 00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:47,480 Speaker 1: this isn't the only inquisition that was one in Portugal. 251 00:15:48,200 --> 00:15:51,320 Speaker 1: There was the Roman Inquisition in the fifteen forties. That's 252 00:15:51,360 --> 00:15:57,400 Speaker 1: where Galileo was famously uh I guess tried, yeah, and 253 00:15:57,480 --> 00:16:02,560 Speaker 1: he was under house arrest, but he apparently his um 254 00:16:02,600 --> 00:16:05,120 Speaker 1: his arrest in his trial was more just like it 255 00:16:05,240 --> 00:16:08,120 Speaker 1: just flew in the face of science. The way he 256 00:16:08,160 --> 00:16:10,160 Speaker 1: was treated apparently wasn't so bad. Like he had a 257 00:16:10,160 --> 00:16:12,320 Speaker 1: pension from the pope, and yeah, I thought he was 258 00:16:13,600 --> 00:16:16,840 Speaker 1: he died of natural causes. Yeah, but he was under 259 00:16:16,840 --> 00:16:22,200 Speaker 1: house arrest, but he was He wasn't hurting, apparently. It 260 00:16:22,280 --> 00:16:24,280 Speaker 1: was more just like the fact that that that there 261 00:16:24,360 --> 00:16:30,440 Speaker 1: was a trial right right of science by Catholicism. You know, 262 00:16:30,520 --> 00:16:33,640 Speaker 1: it's it doesn't get more literal than that exactly, So 263 00:16:34,160 --> 00:16:37,360 Speaker 1: like like you're saying, it's it's exported everywhere. Yeah, but 264 00:16:37,480 --> 00:16:40,080 Speaker 1: let's let's get into the trials in a minute, right 265 00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:47,880 Speaker 1: after these messages. Okay, welcome back. Do you want to 266 00:16:47,880 --> 00:16:50,240 Speaker 1: talk about the trials, Chuck. Yeah, we mentioned earlier that 267 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:55,160 Speaker 1: you could be accused by anyone anonymously. You didn't have 268 00:16:55,240 --> 00:16:59,840 Speaker 1: the assistance of a lawyer. Um, you weren't necessarily even 269 00:16:59,840 --> 00:17:03,280 Speaker 1: in formed of your charges, and you had to testify 270 00:17:04,680 --> 00:17:09,000 Speaker 1: on your own, behalf you like you were forced to basically. Yeah, 271 00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:12,560 Speaker 1: and on top of that, you didn't rarely have anyone 272 00:17:12,640 --> 00:17:15,679 Speaker 1: coming to your defense because you would probably also be 273 00:17:15,720 --> 00:17:17,960 Speaker 1: wrung up as a heretic. You're kind of on your own. 274 00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:22,840 Speaker 1: The witnesses, Yeah, their defense. Yeah, character witness here and 275 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:26,280 Speaker 1: the guy's going Nope, not me. Yeah, I probably did 276 00:17:26,320 --> 00:17:28,679 Speaker 1: see him flying around on him room, who knows. And 277 00:17:29,640 --> 00:17:31,560 Speaker 1: I didn't see anything about this, but it said that 278 00:17:31,680 --> 00:17:34,359 Speaker 1: fellow heretics could ride out other ones. But I wonder 279 00:17:34,400 --> 00:17:37,800 Speaker 1: if there was a system of leniency if you've sold 280 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:40,320 Speaker 1: people down the river. I think there definitely was. So 281 00:17:40,320 --> 00:17:43,680 Speaker 1: so let's this is how it happened. From what I understand, Um, 282 00:17:43,760 --> 00:17:47,359 Speaker 1: there would be news that the parish priest would get 283 00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:52,359 Speaker 1: that the inquisition was coming, and some inquisitors would come, 284 00:17:52,400 --> 00:17:54,760 Speaker 1: and I couldn't believe it. But this article failed to 285 00:17:54,760 --> 00:17:59,600 Speaker 1: mention Thomas the Torquemada, the Grand Inquisitor, like he's not 286 00:17:59,680 --> 00:18:02,640 Speaker 1: his doesn't appear in this article. It's in It's crazy. 287 00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:07,080 Speaker 1: But for a while Torqumoda took over from I think 288 00:18:07,200 --> 00:18:12,399 Speaker 1: Um fourteen eighty three to fo like the chief of 289 00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:15,040 Speaker 1: the Supreme Court. He's the head guy, and he is 290 00:18:15,200 --> 00:18:20,760 Speaker 1: um extremely vilified in history. He was a very hated 291 00:18:20,800 --> 00:18:24,040 Speaker 1: man because he was the face of the Inquisition, of 292 00:18:24,040 --> 00:18:26,880 Speaker 1: all this torture and and burning at the stake and 293 00:18:26,960 --> 00:18:31,280 Speaker 1: rooting people out and just a literal witch hunt. Um. 294 00:18:31,440 --> 00:18:35,760 Speaker 1: But so he's also somewhat defended by history a little 295 00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:38,920 Speaker 1: bit too. Apparently prior in the two years after the 296 00:18:38,960 --> 00:18:43,160 Speaker 1: Spanish Inquisition started and when he took over in fourteen 297 00:18:43,240 --> 00:18:47,040 Speaker 1: eighty three, those two years were very bloody. There was 298 00:18:47,080 --> 00:18:50,399 Speaker 1: a lot of torture. There were basically no rules. Torqumada 299 00:18:50,520 --> 00:18:52,800 Speaker 1: came in and established rules, so there were things like, 300 00:18:52,880 --> 00:18:55,879 Speaker 1: you can't torture anybody for longer than fifteen minutes, a 301 00:18:55,960 --> 00:18:58,720 Speaker 1: doctor has to be present during torture, and the doctor 302 00:18:58,760 --> 00:19:00,800 Speaker 1: says call it off, you have to op true. But 303 00:19:00,960 --> 00:19:03,320 Speaker 1: also if you did do this stuff, you can also 304 00:19:03,359 --> 00:19:06,840 Speaker 1: get a get off pretty easily, right, Like, if you 305 00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:08,600 Speaker 1: did torture and you weren't supposed to, it's really not 306 00:19:08,640 --> 00:19:09,960 Speaker 1: that big of a deal, Like, no one's gonna do 307 00:19:09,960 --> 00:19:12,800 Speaker 1: anything to you. Well, you could do torture because in 308 00:19:13,080 --> 00:19:18,720 Speaker 1: twelve uh, I can't remember, maybe twelve eighty three, well, 309 00:19:18,760 --> 00:19:22,320 Speaker 1: one of the popes issued another papal bull saying, in 310 00:19:22,359 --> 00:19:24,960 Speaker 1: addition to being able to do an inquisition, you can 311 00:19:25,040 --> 00:19:29,560 Speaker 1: torture too. That was Pope Innocent the fourth, very appropriate. 312 00:19:29,960 --> 00:19:33,120 Speaker 1: So you could torture somebody under the auspices of the church, 313 00:19:33,680 --> 00:19:35,480 Speaker 1: but you weren't supposed to like mangle him or something 314 00:19:35,520 --> 00:19:38,080 Speaker 1: like that. But yes, there wasn't any punishment for these inquisitors. 315 00:19:38,720 --> 00:19:42,280 Speaker 1: But Torqumod is the face of the of the inquisition. Um. 316 00:19:42,480 --> 00:19:44,480 Speaker 1: But there there are some people who say, well, he 317 00:19:44,560 --> 00:19:46,320 Speaker 1: kind of brought a little bit of order to it, 318 00:19:46,359 --> 00:19:48,400 Speaker 1: if you, if you can look at it like that. Yeah, 319 00:19:48,440 --> 00:19:50,960 Speaker 1: And other people say he may have even saved people 320 00:19:51,080 --> 00:19:54,840 Speaker 1: from you know, uh, gang violence of people basically just 321 00:19:54,920 --> 00:19:56,680 Speaker 1: running into your house and burning you at the stake, 322 00:19:56,960 --> 00:20:01,000 Speaker 1: right or from the state because um, there were apparently 323 00:20:01,080 --> 00:20:05,560 Speaker 1: some just common criminals who upon being captured with blaspheme 324 00:20:06,240 --> 00:20:09,880 Speaker 1: and then they would be tried by the Inquisition, which 325 00:20:09,920 --> 00:20:14,800 Speaker 1: is apparently a little more lenient and forgiving. Because consider this, Chuck, 326 00:20:15,760 --> 00:20:18,840 Speaker 1: this was is as gross as it is, as dark, 327 00:20:18,960 --> 00:20:23,960 Speaker 1: as despicable as this whole the Inquisition was. It was 328 00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:28,040 Speaker 1: still at its core a religious exercise, and the whole 329 00:20:28,080 --> 00:20:31,480 Speaker 1: point from the inquisitor on down, especially these people who 330 00:20:31,480 --> 00:20:35,240 Speaker 1: were true believers, the whole point was to extract a 331 00:20:35,240 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: confession and save the heretic soul. Yeah, it was all 332 00:20:39,560 --> 00:20:44,680 Speaker 1: about the confession. You couldn't just pronounce someone guilty. It 333 00:20:44,760 --> 00:20:49,080 Speaker 1: was that was pulled out of them by any means necessary, basically, 334 00:20:49,520 --> 00:20:51,520 Speaker 1: and only that you had to confess twice. You had 335 00:20:51,520 --> 00:20:53,840 Speaker 1: to if you confess under torture, you had to further 336 00:20:53,880 --> 00:20:57,720 Speaker 1: confess under you know, normal light of day, that what 337 00:20:57,760 --> 00:21:00,639 Speaker 1: you said was in fact true. Right, So the inquisitors 338 00:21:00,640 --> 00:21:02,240 Speaker 1: would come to town, they would set up shop, they 339 00:21:02,240 --> 00:21:06,200 Speaker 1: would establish they would say mass, they would tell everybody 340 00:21:06,240 --> 00:21:09,680 Speaker 1: what was going on, that they were here for an inquisition. Yeah, 341 00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:11,480 Speaker 1: and they give him a chance, right then, Yeah, there's 342 00:21:11,480 --> 00:21:13,680 Speaker 1: a forty day grace period and say you can confess 343 00:21:13,840 --> 00:21:16,879 Speaker 1: your heresy right here, and you won't be tortured. You 344 00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:19,520 Speaker 1: won't be punished. Um, you might have to do some penance, 345 00:21:19,520 --> 00:21:23,440 Speaker 1: of course, but you can escape torture for sure, and 346 00:21:23,760 --> 00:21:27,160 Speaker 1: you have to denounce other heretics. So that was sort 347 00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:29,520 Speaker 1: of the McCarthy is m if you name names and 348 00:21:29,600 --> 00:21:31,960 Speaker 1: we'll go easy on you. And so apparently some parish 349 00:21:32,040 --> 00:21:34,359 Speaker 1: priests would find out that the inquisition was coming and 350 00:21:34,400 --> 00:21:38,440 Speaker 1: would gather their flock and say, everybody, keep your mouth shut. 351 00:21:39,080 --> 00:21:43,199 Speaker 1: These guys will leave eventually. Just shut up. And a 352 00:21:43,200 --> 00:21:46,400 Speaker 1: lot of times these were just like country peasants who 353 00:21:46,440 --> 00:21:49,639 Speaker 1: had like they knew that they loved Jesus and the 354 00:21:49,680 --> 00:21:52,400 Speaker 1: Pope was in charge of them. But they also knew 355 00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:54,719 Speaker 1: that they like needed to get back to their donkey 356 00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:56,760 Speaker 1: because they hadn't fed it that day and they needed 357 00:21:56,800 --> 00:21:59,879 Speaker 1: to plow the fields later that afternoon. These weren't like 358 00:22:00,240 --> 00:22:06,360 Speaker 1: sophisticated people, and these were the the most educated, scholarly 359 00:22:07,680 --> 00:22:11,720 Speaker 1: people on the planet at the time coming to their town, Yes, 360 00:22:11,760 --> 00:22:15,159 Speaker 1: coming to their town and interrogating these peasants as to 361 00:22:15,640 --> 00:22:20,200 Speaker 1: like the nuances of Catholic Orthodoxy. Yeah, they were leading questions, 362 00:22:20,200 --> 00:22:23,440 Speaker 1: they would confuse them, they would get them rattled. Uh, 363 00:22:23,760 --> 00:22:27,320 Speaker 1: all just in the name of I guess, taking land 364 00:22:27,320 --> 00:22:30,359 Speaker 1: and money and assuming power. Right. And that was another 365 00:22:30,400 --> 00:22:32,760 Speaker 1: thing too that I think we didn't mention, um the 366 00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:37,560 Speaker 1: Jews in Spain prior to the consolidation of Spain into Spain, 367 00:22:38,320 --> 00:22:42,560 Speaker 1: where this was the merchant class. They were, um. While 368 00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:46,280 Speaker 1: there were plenty of peasants who were uneducated, there are 369 00:22:46,320 --> 00:22:48,760 Speaker 1: also a lot of Jews who were very much educated, 370 00:22:49,080 --> 00:22:52,040 Speaker 1: who were wealthy. So they did make even more desirable 371 00:22:52,119 --> 00:22:56,160 Speaker 1: targets under that um that viewpoint that this was all 372 00:22:56,160 --> 00:22:59,440 Speaker 1: about money and power and land. Like, what better group 373 00:22:59,480 --> 00:23:04,040 Speaker 1: to target then the wealthy middle class And they did. Yeah, 374 00:23:04,080 --> 00:23:06,200 Speaker 1: that's a good point and think about that, thanks man. 375 00:23:06,520 --> 00:23:10,080 Speaker 1: So where were we They weren't clever. They were being 376 00:23:10,280 --> 00:23:15,199 Speaker 1: uh confused basically, and depending on where you were, like 377 00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:17,480 Speaker 1: this is this is a country parish that we're talking 378 00:23:17,520 --> 00:23:21,959 Speaker 1: about right now. Yeah, pumpkins, European pumpkins. They were like 379 00:23:22,240 --> 00:23:25,879 Speaker 1: saucepans on their heads for hats and overalls with no 380 00:23:26,119 --> 00:23:30,639 Speaker 1: shirts underneath. Um. So the other thing is is they 381 00:23:30,640 --> 00:23:34,720 Speaker 1: would be uh they were imprisoned until they got a confession. 382 00:23:35,200 --> 00:23:37,359 Speaker 1: So it's not like they if they didn't get a 383 00:23:37,359 --> 00:23:40,920 Speaker 1: confession eventually they would just let them go and shun them. 384 00:23:40,960 --> 00:23:44,320 Speaker 1: They would hold on to them until they confessed, basically, 385 00:23:44,880 --> 00:23:46,680 Speaker 1: like that was the only way to get out. And 386 00:23:47,320 --> 00:23:51,600 Speaker 1: if you died in prison, um to your well, your 387 00:23:51,720 --> 00:23:54,359 Speaker 1: bones would be you'd be buried, but then your bones 388 00:23:54,359 --> 00:23:58,080 Speaker 1: would be dug up and cremated and basically scattered like 389 00:23:58,160 --> 00:24:02,399 Speaker 1: as an insult after death. And little known fact, but 390 00:24:02,520 --> 00:24:06,040 Speaker 1: in the nineteenth century somebody did this to Torqumata's remains. 391 00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:09,359 Speaker 1: They dug them up and incinerated what was left of 392 00:24:09,440 --> 00:24:12,400 Speaker 1: him and like scattered his asses, which I mean if 393 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:15,879 Speaker 1: you're if you're high up in the Dominican order. Yeah, 394 00:24:16,000 --> 00:24:19,440 Speaker 1: if somebody did that to your bones, it's an enormous 395 00:24:19,800 --> 00:24:26,840 Speaker 1: spiritual stab in the neck, you know. Uh. Okay, so 396 00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:30,919 Speaker 1: we have been uh had the bull the decree of 397 00:24:30,960 --> 00:24:35,159 Speaker 1: torture issued, and so they were you know, we've covered 398 00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:37,760 Speaker 1: this in medieval torture devices, a lot of it. But 399 00:24:37,880 --> 00:24:41,480 Speaker 1: they would do various things, uh to extract whatever information 400 00:24:41,520 --> 00:24:46,280 Speaker 1: they wanted. One was called the strapado and that was UM. 401 00:24:46,320 --> 00:24:49,240 Speaker 1: And this didn't sound too bad to me at first. Well, 402 00:24:49,720 --> 00:24:52,600 Speaker 1: hold on, let me explain. So at first I read 403 00:24:52,600 --> 00:24:56,600 Speaker 1: this is your hands. You were hung basically by your 404 00:24:56,720 --> 00:24:59,600 Speaker 1: arms above your head, which is pretty bad in and 405 00:24:59,600 --> 00:25:01,640 Speaker 1: of its well, I mean that in the rack. Both 406 00:25:01,680 --> 00:25:05,080 Speaker 1: sound like early chiropractic care in a way, like it 407 00:25:05,119 --> 00:25:07,280 Speaker 1: could really work some things out in the lower back. 408 00:25:07,920 --> 00:25:10,800 Speaker 1: But then I realized that your hands are tied behind 409 00:25:10,840 --> 00:25:14,280 Speaker 1: your back, and then you were hung from those hands. 410 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:16,920 Speaker 1: That's a way different thing than just being hung from 411 00:25:16,960 --> 00:25:20,119 Speaker 1: your hands. Yeah, because the chances of your your arms 412 00:25:20,160 --> 00:25:23,520 Speaker 1: coming out of your sockets, yeah, we're pretty good, very high. 413 00:25:23,560 --> 00:25:26,800 Speaker 1: And there were also additions to this torture that could 414 00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:32,080 Speaker 1: be UM added, like heavy weights to your legs. You 415 00:25:32,080 --> 00:25:35,880 Speaker 1: could be jerked downward instead of just hanging there. Yeah, um, 416 00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:39,720 Speaker 1: just to really kind of help that this location along 417 00:25:40,240 --> 00:25:44,560 Speaker 1: and make the stripato even more excruciating. They might burn 418 00:25:44,600 --> 00:25:47,359 Speaker 1: you with hot pokers while you were hanging there. Some 419 00:25:47,480 --> 00:25:51,400 Speaker 1: screw action. Yep, heavy boots. Yeah, the boot. You didn't 420 00:25:51,440 --> 00:25:53,760 Speaker 1: want that. You didn't want the boot. We talked about 421 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:56,920 Speaker 1: the rack um, which is when you know your hands 422 00:25:56,920 --> 00:25:59,639 Speaker 1: and feet are tied and you're on these rollers and 423 00:26:00,119 --> 00:26:02,399 Speaker 1: the metal frame, and they basically just turned those rollers 424 00:26:02,440 --> 00:26:05,720 Speaker 1: and give you a good stretch, meaning your your limbs 425 00:26:05,720 --> 00:26:07,800 Speaker 1: would come out of socket, and if they did it 426 00:26:07,840 --> 00:26:10,160 Speaker 1: too much, they might come completely away from your body. 427 00:26:10,480 --> 00:26:13,720 Speaker 1: You know what's crazy? I heard or read that there 428 00:26:13,880 --> 00:26:17,200 Speaker 1: is a there's something going on with a certain species 429 00:26:17,200 --> 00:26:20,280 Speaker 1: of starfish right now that are they appear to be 430 00:26:20,280 --> 00:26:25,080 Speaker 1: committing suicide. They're getting some sort of infection and to 431 00:26:25,480 --> 00:26:29,720 Speaker 1: kill themselves, they their arms crawl in different directions until 432 00:26:29,760 --> 00:26:34,719 Speaker 1: the middle is ripped apart and they eviscerate themselves. That's awful, 433 00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:36,800 Speaker 1: but that's going on right now. No one has any 434 00:26:36,800 --> 00:26:38,280 Speaker 1: idea of what the heck is going on with the 435 00:26:38,359 --> 00:26:42,560 Speaker 1: starfish or why they're getting this mysterious infection. And then 436 00:26:42,800 --> 00:26:46,000 Speaker 1: no one knew that starfish committed suicide. And the fact 437 00:26:46,000 --> 00:26:49,200 Speaker 1: that they know this is pretty remarkable too, that somebody's 438 00:26:49,200 --> 00:26:52,080 Speaker 1: studying starfish that closely that they have realized this is 439 00:26:52,119 --> 00:26:54,560 Speaker 1: going on. Well, they were probably watching the first starfish 440 00:26:54,640 --> 00:26:57,639 Speaker 1: the first time. You're like, let's starfish is really confused. 441 00:26:57,640 --> 00:27:00,840 Speaker 1: How cute? Oh my god. And then another one does it, 442 00:27:00,880 --> 00:27:03,040 Speaker 1: and another one You're like, we've got a problem. I 443 00:27:03,080 --> 00:27:07,800 Speaker 1: need to go write a paper. Uh, nothing's funny about that. 444 00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:11,120 Speaker 1: I love starfish. I don't know why I'm laughing. So, 445 00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:15,560 Speaker 1: like you pointed out earlier, mutilation was prohibited supposedly during 446 00:27:15,600 --> 00:27:19,600 Speaker 1: the torture, but um Alexander the fourth also decreed that 447 00:27:19,880 --> 00:27:23,200 Speaker 1: you could clear anyone from wrong doing, like we pointed out, 448 00:27:23,240 --> 00:27:25,879 Speaker 1: So it's even you're not gonna go up on a 449 00:27:25,920 --> 00:27:30,240 Speaker 1: tribunal for torturing someone as an inquisitor. No, that's not 450 00:27:30,240 --> 00:27:33,320 Speaker 1: gonna happen. I didn't see anything anywhere in the research 451 00:27:33,440 --> 00:27:36,399 Speaker 1: where any inquisitor ever got in trouble for anything that 452 00:27:36,480 --> 00:27:39,440 Speaker 1: was done during the Spanish inquisition. I don't I don't know. 453 00:27:39,480 --> 00:27:43,280 Speaker 1: It may have happened, but I didn't see anything. So 454 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:47,480 Speaker 1: so let's recount real quick. The the inquisition comes to town. 455 00:27:47,520 --> 00:27:50,320 Speaker 1: It's made up of some inquisitors, their secretaries, their staff. 456 00:27:50,520 --> 00:27:54,639 Speaker 1: In a banjo player said, they set up shop and um, 457 00:27:54,680 --> 00:27:57,200 Speaker 1: there's a forty day grace period where they're just hanging out. 458 00:27:57,320 --> 00:28:00,439 Speaker 1: Anybody who wants to come confess can can fest and 459 00:28:00,520 --> 00:28:02,760 Speaker 1: be forgiven. I bet that was scary though, Like you 460 00:28:02,760 --> 00:28:05,919 Speaker 1: don't want to be the first guy to trust that. Yeah, Like, 461 00:28:06,000 --> 00:28:08,959 Speaker 1: come on confess and people are like you, go do it. 462 00:28:09,600 --> 00:28:12,640 Speaker 1: I'm sure it'll be fine. Well, apparently like you would 463 00:28:12,680 --> 00:28:15,600 Speaker 1: wear like a yellow cross on your clothes much like 464 00:28:15,640 --> 00:28:18,320 Speaker 1: a scarlet letter for a while. As part of your penance, 465 00:28:19,920 --> 00:28:22,760 Speaker 1: there was there you were forgiven and even after the 466 00:28:22,800 --> 00:28:26,480 Speaker 1: grace period if you were if you confessed under torture, 467 00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:30,120 Speaker 1: and then they made you confess again without being under torture, 468 00:28:30,119 --> 00:28:32,640 Speaker 1: and they took it as a genuine one. You were forgiven. 469 00:28:34,280 --> 00:28:36,399 Speaker 1: Penance could be rough though, it could be, but it 470 00:28:36,400 --> 00:28:38,720 Speaker 1: could also not be. Yeah, but like pends on the 471 00:28:38,840 --> 00:28:41,000 Speaker 1: it was on. It was on the case and it 472 00:28:41,080 --> 00:28:43,880 Speaker 1: was left up to the inquisitors to use their judgment. True, 473 00:28:43,960 --> 00:28:47,880 Speaker 1: but some of the some of the penance included like 474 00:28:47,960 --> 00:28:50,520 Speaker 1: taking all your land, like we said, paying additional fines 475 00:28:50,560 --> 00:28:53,320 Speaker 1: of money, you might have hard labor for the rest 476 00:28:53,360 --> 00:28:58,280 Speaker 1: of your life. Um. Sometimes you're exiled completely from your 477 00:28:58,320 --> 00:29:02,840 Speaker 1: county or from your country. Yeah, so you've got all 478 00:29:02,880 --> 00:29:05,400 Speaker 1: of this is going on in a little town on 479 00:29:05,440 --> 00:29:11,120 Speaker 1: the countryside, not necessarily a little town like Bologna, um, Toledo. 480 00:29:11,480 --> 00:29:15,000 Speaker 1: They saw some some pretty heavy action. And these weren't 481 00:29:15,040 --> 00:29:20,200 Speaker 1: necessarily back water birds, you know. Um. But the the 482 00:29:20,240 --> 00:29:22,400 Speaker 1: inquisition would come to town side up a grace period, 483 00:29:22,640 --> 00:29:26,400 Speaker 1: then the accusations would start to fly. There'll be torture, 484 00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:30,000 Speaker 1: there'll be confessions, and then there was what are called 485 00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:32,760 Speaker 1: the auto's de fee, And an auto de fee was 486 00:29:32,840 --> 00:29:37,200 Speaker 1: a religious ritual fill with a lot of pomp and 487 00:29:37,360 --> 00:29:44,680 Speaker 1: their circumstances, where the accused and convicted would walk around 488 00:29:44,800 --> 00:29:47,800 Speaker 1: town in a big procession they have of course, of 489 00:29:47,840 --> 00:29:50,960 Speaker 1: course they have mass all the time, um, and like 490 00:29:51,120 --> 00:29:53,760 Speaker 1: everybody would come out for it. It was a huge thing, 491 00:29:53,920 --> 00:29:58,040 Speaker 1: very much like a public execution in the United States 492 00:29:58,160 --> 00:30:02,160 Speaker 1: or in in other parts of Europe. But the huge 493 00:30:02,280 --> 00:30:04,960 Speaker 1: difference was there was never an execution in an auto 494 00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:09,120 Speaker 1: to face. It was a religious ceremony and they wouldn't 495 00:30:09,120 --> 00:30:11,640 Speaker 1: it wouldn't have ended in execution. Even if the people 496 00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:15,560 Speaker 1: who were in the procession who had been convicted had 497 00:30:15,600 --> 00:30:17,840 Speaker 1: been sentenced to death. It wouldn't take place during an 498 00:30:17,880 --> 00:30:20,160 Speaker 1: auto to fay. It would take place separately, and in 499 00:30:20,200 --> 00:30:23,800 Speaker 1: most cases the inquisitors gave that person over to the 500 00:30:23,840 --> 00:30:26,760 Speaker 1: secular authorities to carry out the execution. Yeah, they didn't 501 00:30:26,800 --> 00:30:31,880 Speaker 1: execute folks themselves. Um, although they could just abandon you 502 00:30:32,360 --> 00:30:34,440 Speaker 1: is one way to look at it, where they would 503 00:30:34,480 --> 00:30:37,680 Speaker 1: just say, kind of say he's a heretic, turn him 504 00:30:37,680 --> 00:30:39,800 Speaker 1: over to the public. And that's where like you would 505 00:30:39,840 --> 00:30:42,920 Speaker 1: get burned at the stake, especially if you're a repeat 506 00:30:42,920 --> 00:30:46,440 Speaker 1: offender like you generally weren't forgiven for that if you 507 00:30:46,480 --> 00:30:48,400 Speaker 1: messed up more than once. And we talked before, I 508 00:30:48,440 --> 00:30:50,960 Speaker 1: don't remember what it was in, but burning at the stake. 509 00:30:51,440 --> 00:30:54,000 Speaker 1: We came across some documentation of what it would like. 510 00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:56,760 Speaker 1: It took like thirty minutes to die from it at 511 00:30:56,800 --> 00:31:00,120 Speaker 1: the earliest, up to a couple of hours, depending on 512 00:31:00,200 --> 00:31:03,320 Speaker 1: if the wind was blowing too much. Like that would 513 00:31:03,320 --> 00:31:06,280 Speaker 1: be a horrible, horrible way to go. Yeah, was the 514 00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:09,680 Speaker 1: worst ways to die. No, it was more recent than that, 515 00:31:09,840 --> 00:31:13,800 Speaker 1: was it? It was? But we'll get to, uh, the 516 00:31:13,880 --> 00:31:17,440 Speaker 1: fallout from all this stuff because you can't you can't 517 00:31:17,440 --> 00:31:19,320 Speaker 1: do this to people and not expected to be a 518 00:31:19,360 --> 00:31:22,040 Speaker 1: fallout over the course of history. Sure, And the Inquisition 519 00:31:22,120 --> 00:31:26,720 Speaker 1: wasn't just from the fourteen eighty one to fourteen ninety 520 00:31:26,800 --> 00:31:31,080 Speaker 1: two when the the Decree of Alambre was issued, like, 521 00:31:31,160 --> 00:31:34,160 Speaker 1: it kept going on until the nineteenth century. Yeah, eighteen 522 00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:36,400 Speaker 1: thirty four was when the last one in Spain occurred. 523 00:31:36,560 --> 00:31:39,080 Speaker 1: There was a school teacher who was put to death 524 00:31:39,200 --> 00:31:42,360 Speaker 1: in eighteen twenty six because he taught Deism to his class. 525 00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:47,280 Speaker 1: That's the nineteenth century, eighty six, and like, that's not 526 00:31:47,440 --> 00:31:50,400 Speaker 1: the fifteenth century, that's the nineteenth century. Now, it's not 527 00:31:50,480 --> 00:31:53,160 Speaker 1: that long ago in the grand scheme of things, you know. Yeah, 528 00:31:53,200 --> 00:31:55,720 Speaker 1: And in eighteen fifty eight, there's a very famous case 529 00:31:55,800 --> 00:32:00,760 Speaker 1: of a kid named Edgardo uh more Tara, and he 530 00:32:01,240 --> 00:32:04,320 Speaker 1: was a Jewish kid raised in a Jewish family who 531 00:32:04,560 --> 00:32:07,160 Speaker 1: was dying of a fever when he was like seven 532 00:32:07,280 --> 00:32:10,960 Speaker 1: or something like that, and one of the domestic servants 533 00:32:11,960 --> 00:32:15,040 Speaker 1: did an emergency baptism on the kid. The church found 534 00:32:15,040 --> 00:32:17,000 Speaker 1: out about it, came and took him from his family 535 00:32:17,200 --> 00:32:21,640 Speaker 1: and raised him as a Catholic When was that eighteen 536 00:32:21,680 --> 00:32:25,400 Speaker 1: fifty eight, So that was even after the last inquisition 537 00:32:25,480 --> 00:32:31,240 Speaker 1: supposedly when was the win four? Yes, so here's the thing. 538 00:32:31,880 --> 00:32:35,760 Speaker 1: The Spain said no more inquisition in eighteen thirty four. 539 00:32:36,080 --> 00:32:40,200 Speaker 1: The Catholic Church still actually has something called the Congregation 540 00:32:40,240 --> 00:32:42,560 Speaker 1: of the Doctrine of the Faith and renamed it in 541 00:32:42,560 --> 00:32:46,000 Speaker 1: the sixties sixties. Yeah, so it's still I mean, there's 542 00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:48,760 Speaker 1: still the concept of the Inquisition as part of the 543 00:32:48,760 --> 00:32:52,600 Speaker 1: Holy See, which is the Pope's power. But obviously nothing 544 00:32:52,640 --> 00:32:56,360 Speaker 1: like this was going on these days. Uh So since 545 00:32:56,560 --> 00:33:00,720 Speaker 1: the aftermath of the Inquisition is pretty controversial because beginning 546 00:33:00,720 --> 00:33:03,479 Speaker 1: in the fift hundreds of the Protestant Reformation, you had 547 00:33:03,480 --> 00:33:07,760 Speaker 1: a lot of uh, anti Catholic and anti Spanish sentiment, 548 00:33:08,280 --> 00:33:10,960 Speaker 1: and a lot of people from the Catholic side these 549 00:33:11,040 --> 00:33:15,040 Speaker 1: days are saying it was so exaggerated in the aftermath 550 00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:18,520 Speaker 1: that a very small percentage when we look in our 551 00:33:18,520 --> 00:33:23,640 Speaker 1: secret archives and our statistics, uh, we're actually killed. Um, 552 00:33:23,680 --> 00:33:26,320 Speaker 1: I think it was what like point one percent. So 553 00:33:26,480 --> 00:33:29,400 Speaker 1: I saw I saw something different. I saw um one 554 00:33:29,480 --> 00:33:33,920 Speaker 1: percent of the hundred and twenty five thousand trials in Spain, 555 00:33:34,000 --> 00:33:36,800 Speaker 1: Italy and Portugal. And here's the thing, man, I looked 556 00:33:36,800 --> 00:33:39,120 Speaker 1: at like three or four different sets of numbers, and 557 00:33:39,160 --> 00:33:43,320 Speaker 1: they're all way different. So you're never gonna we're never 558 00:33:43,320 --> 00:33:47,280 Speaker 1: gonna know actual, like solid numbers, because if you are 559 00:33:47,320 --> 00:33:49,640 Speaker 1: anti Catholic, you probably have your one set of numbers, 560 00:33:49,640 --> 00:33:52,080 Speaker 1: and if you're pro Catholic, you have your set of numbers. 561 00:33:52,440 --> 00:33:55,120 Speaker 1: You know what I'm saying. But these numbers, that one 562 00:33:55,200 --> 00:33:59,880 Speaker 1: percent of the hundred twenty five thousand trials um that was, 563 00:34:00,120 --> 00:34:07,760 Speaker 1: that's based on that secret archive that the um. Yeah, 564 00:34:07,920 --> 00:34:11,439 Speaker 1: that the thank you that the Vatican opened up under 565 00:34:11,440 --> 00:34:14,279 Speaker 1: Pope John Paul the second and said, you know what, 566 00:34:14,640 --> 00:34:18,160 Speaker 1: you guys, come in here, you scholars, root around and 567 00:34:18,200 --> 00:34:21,439 Speaker 1: give us a full report on the inquisition and let's 568 00:34:21,480 --> 00:34:24,080 Speaker 1: see you know what's what. And he apologized when he 569 00:34:24,200 --> 00:34:26,640 Speaker 1: announced that, and then he apologized in two thousand four 570 00:34:27,160 --> 00:34:30,160 Speaker 1: when they issued the report finally. And that's where that 571 00:34:30,239 --> 00:34:33,560 Speaker 1: one percent of the hundred and twenty five thousand came from. Yeah, 572 00:34:33,560 --> 00:34:37,279 Speaker 1: and that's how blog opinion pieces from two thousand four 573 00:34:37,400 --> 00:34:40,719 Speaker 1: where some people are like, you, we shouldn't be apologizing 574 00:34:40,760 --> 00:34:45,120 Speaker 1: for this again, like it was really inflated numbers and 575 00:34:45,160 --> 00:34:47,480 Speaker 1: it wasn't as bad as people say. Well, again, that's 576 00:34:47,520 --> 00:34:52,920 Speaker 1: the the pro Catholic uh side. Yeah, not pro inquisition necessarily, 577 00:34:53,000 --> 00:34:55,680 Speaker 1: but the Catholic defenders. I think it is a better 578 00:34:55,680 --> 00:34:57,920 Speaker 1: way to say. Yeah. I think they're probably also pointing 579 00:34:57,960 --> 00:35:00,239 Speaker 1: out like, yeah, this is mostly Spain and it was 580 00:35:00,280 --> 00:35:03,280 Speaker 1: mostly the monarchy and most of these executions were carried 581 00:35:03,320 --> 00:35:06,839 Speaker 1: out by the Spanish state rather than the inquisition. Yeah. 582 00:35:06,880 --> 00:35:08,799 Speaker 1: It's kind of tricky wording, now, you know it is. 583 00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:12,160 Speaker 1: I mean, the the pope was definitely involved. He gave 584 00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:14,959 Speaker 1: his blessing at the time to Ferdinand and Isabella to 585 00:35:15,040 --> 00:35:17,279 Speaker 1: carry this out, even though he came to regret it later. 586 00:35:17,760 --> 00:35:19,440 Speaker 1: But they were saying that he came to regret it 587 00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:22,000 Speaker 1: because he gave away so much power, because they said, 588 00:35:22,280 --> 00:35:25,800 Speaker 1: can we have an inquisition here in Spain? And he said, 589 00:35:26,000 --> 00:35:27,600 Speaker 1: I don't know, And they said, hey, you know those 590 00:35:27,640 --> 00:35:30,239 Speaker 1: Spanish troops that are protecting you from Turkey right now 591 00:35:30,239 --> 00:35:33,759 Speaker 1: in Rome, how about we recall them home? And he said, yeah, 592 00:35:33,920 --> 00:35:36,440 Speaker 1: why don't you have an inquisition? Yeah? Uh, And by 593 00:35:36,480 --> 00:35:37,880 Speaker 1: the way, you don't have to answer to me, just 594 00:35:37,920 --> 00:35:41,160 Speaker 1: go ahead and have your inquisition. And years later he's like, man, 595 00:35:41,239 --> 00:35:43,480 Speaker 1: that was probably not a good idea because Pope John 596 00:35:43,520 --> 00:35:46,440 Speaker 1: Paul the Second is going to have to apologize twice 597 00:35:46,480 --> 00:35:50,440 Speaker 1: for this right. And Plus what's the difference in executing 598 00:35:50,480 --> 00:35:53,640 Speaker 1: someone yourself at the end of a tribunal and saying, well, 599 00:35:53,640 --> 00:35:56,000 Speaker 1: we're not gonna do it, but if someone else happened 600 00:35:56,040 --> 00:35:58,880 Speaker 1: to after we set them into the street, it's not 601 00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:01,120 Speaker 1: you know, on our wives and even like set them 602 00:36:01,120 --> 00:36:03,920 Speaker 1: into the street like they're being killed because we tried 603 00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:08,640 Speaker 1: them because they weren't Catholic enough. So but yes, I 604 00:36:08,920 --> 00:36:12,120 Speaker 1: think it is. This is a really great illustration of 605 00:36:13,360 --> 00:36:16,040 Speaker 1: the history is never black and white, and it can 606 00:36:16,120 --> 00:36:18,799 Speaker 1: very easily become conflated, and even still today, like we 607 00:36:18,880 --> 00:36:23,440 Speaker 1: don't necessarily know what happened, and even if we do 608 00:36:23,560 --> 00:36:27,279 Speaker 1: know what happened from this symposium on the Inquisition, not 609 00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:30,480 Speaker 1: everybody believes it. You know. Yeah, well we got some 610 00:36:30,480 --> 00:36:32,840 Speaker 1: good comedy out of it from mel Brooks and Monty Python. 611 00:36:32,920 --> 00:36:37,359 Speaker 1: Years later we shared a tragedy. Plus time. Uh, let's see, 612 00:36:37,360 --> 00:36:39,799 Speaker 1: you got anything else I do not, sir. If you 613 00:36:39,960 --> 00:36:42,720 Speaker 1: want to learn more about the Inquisition, you can type 614 00:36:42,719 --> 00:36:44,880 Speaker 1: that word and the search part how stuff works dot 615 00:36:44,920 --> 00:36:47,680 Speaker 1: com and it will bring up this article. And since 616 00:36:47,719 --> 00:36:50,360 Speaker 1: you said search part, get this everybody. It's time for 617 00:37:00,239 --> 00:37:02,000 Speaker 1: all right. So, as most of you know, this is 618 00:37:02,040 --> 00:37:05,440 Speaker 1: a time when we thank people for sending us nice things, 619 00:37:06,200 --> 00:37:10,320 Speaker 1: from records and books to Christmas cards and cookies. Uh uh, 620 00:37:10,400 --> 00:37:14,600 Speaker 1: So let's get this going here. I've got some CDs 621 00:37:14,880 --> 00:37:18,120 Speaker 1: for you and vinyl albums. Even Baby in the Nobody 622 00:37:18,200 --> 00:37:22,160 Speaker 1: sent us shirts and c ds and Nostrin. Our buddy, 623 00:37:22,400 --> 00:37:26,239 Speaker 1: Gentry Kalelo sent us a vinyl LP and some T 624 00:37:26,360 --> 00:37:29,800 Speaker 1: shirts for her band Land of Vandals. Nice. Yeah, we 625 00:37:29,880 --> 00:37:33,799 Speaker 1: got those good stuff. Matt Rob from the School on 626 00:37:33,840 --> 00:37:36,160 Speaker 1: Wheels Team sent it's a nice Christmas card. Thank you 627 00:37:36,239 --> 00:37:40,759 Speaker 1: for that. Yeah. And Central on Christmas cards Amy that 628 00:37:40,960 --> 00:37:44,120 Speaker 1: is with an I. E. Meyer from Sellersburg, Indiana sent 629 00:37:44,200 --> 00:37:46,160 Speaker 1: us a nice Christmas card. Yeah. And are we saying 630 00:37:46,160 --> 00:37:50,319 Speaker 1: Matt Rob or Rab two ways? I called them Matt 631 00:37:50,320 --> 00:37:55,080 Speaker 1: Broccoli Rob in mind, so I'm gonna say Rob. Stacy 632 00:37:55,480 --> 00:37:59,040 Speaker 1: Wabell sent us some children's books Rudy's Incredible Kidney Machine 633 00:37:59,080 --> 00:38:01,640 Speaker 1: and Rudy gets a trans plant. So there's a children's 634 00:38:01,680 --> 00:38:05,160 Speaker 1: book for everything, and this one covers kidney transpense. Is awesome. 635 00:38:05,760 --> 00:38:08,879 Speaker 1: Our pals at co ed the Cooperative for Education who 636 00:38:09,440 --> 00:38:12,279 Speaker 1: helped fund education for kids in Guatemala, who were very 637 00:38:12,280 --> 00:38:14,520 Speaker 1: fond of They send us a nice Christmas cards, so 638 00:38:14,600 --> 00:38:18,560 Speaker 1: thanks guys. We got some knit socks from Jennifer Beaver 639 00:38:18,840 --> 00:38:21,560 Speaker 1: that are very warm and colorful. Whatch I know you like? 640 00:38:22,760 --> 00:38:25,640 Speaker 1: We got a Christmas card from Heather from Montana, Thank you. 641 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:28,759 Speaker 1: I got a postcard from Susannah Danner, Thank you for that. 642 00:38:29,560 --> 00:38:32,759 Speaker 1: Lauren Coyne also sent us a Christmas card. Um, and 643 00:38:32,800 --> 00:38:36,040 Speaker 1: you can watch my Dessert Junkie on YouTube and that's 644 00:38:36,040 --> 00:38:40,239 Speaker 1: our YouTube show. Um. We got three not one, not two, 645 00:38:40,360 --> 00:38:43,839 Speaker 1: but three volumes of short documentaries from Robin Canfield from 646 00:38:43,840 --> 00:38:48,399 Speaker 1: Actuality Media, which supports a documentary study Abroad program which 647 00:38:48,440 --> 00:38:51,479 Speaker 1: is pretty awesome, So all of you documentarians out there 648 00:38:51,840 --> 00:38:55,480 Speaker 1: check that out. Actuality Media very cool. Thank you Charles 649 00:38:55,480 --> 00:39:00,000 Speaker 1: Shell for sending us custom stuff you should know necklace. Yeah, 650 00:39:00,120 --> 00:39:03,239 Speaker 1: Ashley Murphy for the Japanese hero masks and the nice 651 00:39:03,320 --> 00:39:06,120 Speaker 1: letter that she sent. Yeah, that was nice. Those are great. Uh. 652 00:39:06,160 --> 00:39:09,680 Speaker 1: Thank you very much to Mona Collantine and Grandma Colling 653 00:39:09,719 --> 00:39:12,319 Speaker 1: Teine in the whole Collantine family for sending us the 654 00:39:12,400 --> 00:39:15,279 Speaker 1: big old tin of Christmas cookies again this year. Thank 655 00:39:15,320 --> 00:39:18,480 Speaker 1: you Ramona. She's one of our local fans and she's awesome. 656 00:39:20,080 --> 00:39:23,200 Speaker 1: Although her boyfriend I don't think helps and Nathan unless 657 00:39:23,200 --> 00:39:25,640 Speaker 1: you make cookies for us, I won't mention you again. 658 00:39:27,160 --> 00:39:30,040 Speaker 1: Although he might have helped Katherine Harmon the Courage send 659 00:39:30,440 --> 00:39:33,880 Speaker 1: the book Octopus and that's with an exclamation point because 660 00:39:34,000 --> 00:39:37,839 Speaker 1: she knows that we love the Octopus. Yes, and our 661 00:39:37,880 --> 00:39:42,560 Speaker 1: buddy Aaron a c ZZ Cooper Cooper, who again this 662 00:39:42,640 --> 00:39:45,719 Speaker 1: year took some of his best images of us photoshopped 663 00:39:45,719 --> 00:39:50,440 Speaker 1: into weird situations uh and made hard posters for us, 664 00:39:50,480 --> 00:39:53,600 Speaker 1: which are awesome, So thanks Coop. We appreciate them. As always. 665 00:39:53,680 --> 00:39:57,279 Speaker 1: You're the best. Uncle John's Bathroom Reader they always send 666 00:39:57,360 --> 00:39:59,760 Speaker 1: us great stuff, your friends. They sent us the book's 667 00:39:59,760 --> 00:40:02,960 Speaker 1: Weird Inventions in Weird Canada and if you're Canadian you 668 00:40:02,960 --> 00:40:05,520 Speaker 1: need to get Weird Canada and if you're not Canadian, 669 00:40:05,520 --> 00:40:07,359 Speaker 1: you should get into They sent us a couple other 670 00:40:07,360 --> 00:40:10,000 Speaker 1: ones too that I got. Yeah. Yeah. You can follow 671 00:40:10,000 --> 00:40:13,120 Speaker 1: them on Twitter, go to their website Uncle John's Bathroom Readers. 672 00:40:13,160 --> 00:40:17,359 Speaker 1: They are wonderful. Mark Palm of Vancouver, BC sen it's 673 00:40:17,360 --> 00:40:20,399 Speaker 1: a seven inch of his band super Crush. It's pretty great. 674 00:40:21,040 --> 00:40:22,840 Speaker 1: Seven inches a record by the way, for those of 675 00:40:22,880 --> 00:40:25,800 Speaker 1: you not in the know. Uh. We got two albums 676 00:40:25,800 --> 00:40:29,200 Speaker 1: from Ghosts of Sailors at See. We got the Skeleton 677 00:40:29,280 --> 00:40:34,080 Speaker 1: Coast and a single, so thanks for that. Nicole Wingett 678 00:40:34,400 --> 00:40:37,520 Speaker 1: send us wristbands from her Obstacle Course racing team, the 679 00:40:37,640 --> 00:40:41,440 Speaker 1: corn Fed Spartans. Uh, let's see. Vivian Chin in Korea 680 00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:46,200 Speaker 1: sent us Shawley's Fantasy two thousand fourteen calendars. Some K 681 00:40:46,400 --> 00:40:50,120 Speaker 1: pop anime. Oh yeah, I remember that stuff. Paul sent 682 00:40:50,239 --> 00:40:53,960 Speaker 1: us a lot of German cookies, like so many that 683 00:40:54,040 --> 00:40:56,640 Speaker 1: the entire office couldn't need them all. Uh. And the 684 00:40:56,719 --> 00:40:59,960 Speaker 1: DVD Michael Moore Hates America we got. Also got some 685 00:41:00,040 --> 00:41:05,040 Speaker 1: sweet treats from Renee. Uh. Chavez Chaves, C H A 686 00:41:05,120 --> 00:41:10,200 Speaker 1: V E. S. Javes. I'm gonna say Chavis all right. 687 00:41:10,600 --> 00:41:14,960 Speaker 1: Rachel Ray Rose of Rose Sign Language Interpreting Company send 688 00:41:15,040 --> 00:41:17,640 Speaker 1: us some homemade grape jelly and Pence. Oh yeah, I 689 00:41:17,680 --> 00:41:20,880 Speaker 1: had someone that the other day. Delicious. Yes, Bob Partridge, 690 00:41:20,880 --> 00:41:24,000 Speaker 1: Tennis and Alan Turing postcard from the London Science Museum. 691 00:41:24,480 --> 00:41:27,600 Speaker 1: So that was on point and pretty cool. Yeah. I 692 00:41:27,640 --> 00:41:29,040 Speaker 1: got a couple more you got some more. I have 693 00:41:29,120 --> 00:41:31,919 Speaker 1: one more, so you go ahead. Hillary Lozar super fan 694 00:41:32,000 --> 00:41:35,000 Speaker 1: sinn Us Flathead Lake cheese. Yeah, and by the way, 695 00:41:35,600 --> 00:41:38,759 Speaker 1: I've since eaten all of it since the last time 696 00:41:38,800 --> 00:41:40,920 Speaker 1: we mentioned it on the podcast. It was awesome. She 697 00:41:41,000 --> 00:41:43,360 Speaker 1: also sent, uh, you mean Emily some earrings, which is 698 00:41:43,400 --> 00:41:46,719 Speaker 1: very nice. Yes, it was nice. Um. And then Marcus 699 00:41:47,080 --> 00:41:50,399 Speaker 1: who sent us popping shots. Thanks for those. Yeah, yeah, 700 00:41:50,480 --> 00:41:53,399 Speaker 1: you can check those out online. And my last one, 701 00:41:53,680 --> 00:41:56,759 Speaker 1: Debbie from hammer Press sent us a goodie bag. They 702 00:41:56,800 --> 00:41:59,760 Speaker 1: are a letter press and design company from Kansas City, Missouri, 703 00:42:00,360 --> 00:42:02,600 Speaker 1: and she sent us all sorts of cool cool stuff 704 00:42:02,600 --> 00:42:06,000 Speaker 1: like hand printed cards and like cool pencils and erasers 705 00:42:06,040 --> 00:42:09,680 Speaker 1: and uh so support hammer Press and letter press designers. 706 00:42:09,719 --> 00:42:12,480 Speaker 1: It's a pretty cool thing for sure. So thanks everybody. 707 00:42:12,480 --> 00:42:16,560 Speaker 1: Thanks everybody, We appreciate it. Merry Christmas, Happy Holidays to you, 708 00:42:16,680 --> 00:42:19,799 Speaker 1: and uh thanks the other three d and sixty four 709 00:42:19,880 --> 00:42:22,719 Speaker 1: days of the year for all of the nice gifts. Uh. 710 00:42:22,760 --> 00:42:24,400 Speaker 1: If you want to get in touch with me and 711 00:42:24,520 --> 00:42:27,160 Speaker 1: Chuck to talk to us to send us a gift 712 00:42:27,160 --> 00:42:29,560 Speaker 1: for whatever reason, you can tweet to us at s 713 00:42:29,680 --> 00:42:32,520 Speaker 1: Y s K podcast. You can join us on Facebook 714 00:42:32,560 --> 00:42:34,759 Speaker 1: dot com. Slash stuff you Should Know. You can send 715 00:42:34,840 --> 00:42:37,920 Speaker 1: us an email to Stuff Podcast at Discovery dot com, 716 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:40,520 Speaker 1: and as always, you can hang out with us at 717 00:42:40,560 --> 00:42:42,840 Speaker 1: our cute little home on the web. Stuff you Should 718 00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:51,440 Speaker 1: Know dot com for more on this and thousands of 719 00:42:51,520 --> 00:43:01,040 Speaker 1: other topics. 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