1 00:00:15,436 --> 00:00:24,516 Speaker 1: Pushkin. Inspirational is a ward that gets thrown around a lot, 2 00:00:24,836 --> 00:00:26,356 Speaker 1: but it's hard to think of a better way to 3 00:00:26,396 --> 00:00:30,316 Speaker 1: describe the woman you'll hear in this episode. Malala Yushavsai 4 00:00:30,396 --> 00:00:32,996 Speaker 1: grew up in a remote part of Pakistan, then ruled 5 00:00:33,036 --> 00:00:36,236 Speaker 1: by the Violet militants of the Taliban. Life for women 6 00:00:36,316 --> 00:00:40,036 Speaker 1: under this oppressive regime was incredibly hard, and Malala, though 7 00:00:40,076 --> 00:00:43,036 Speaker 1: just a child, spoke openly about the restrictions placed on 8 00:00:43,116 --> 00:00:45,636 Speaker 1: her and her peers and how it had become hard 9 00:00:45,716 --> 00:00:48,916 Speaker 1: just to attend school. And then one day, on a 10 00:00:48,916 --> 00:00:52,636 Speaker 1: bus ride home from an exam, two Taliban gunmen approached 11 00:00:52,636 --> 00:00:56,636 Speaker 1: her vehicle. Who is Malala, they asked. The next thing 12 00:00:56,716 --> 00:01:00,636 Speaker 1: Malala remembers is waking up in the hospital. She had 13 00:01:00,636 --> 00:01:04,596 Speaker 1: survived a gunshot wound to the head, but instead of wavering, 14 00:01:04,756 --> 00:01:07,996 Speaker 1: she began championing harder and louder for equality in girls 15 00:01:08,116 --> 00:01:11,876 Speaker 1: education worldwide, and at the age of seventeen, she became 16 00:01:11,876 --> 00:01:16,316 Speaker 1: the youngest person ever to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. Recently, 17 00:01:16,396 --> 00:01:18,516 Speaker 1: I was lucky enough to host a live event with 18 00:01:18,636 --> 00:01:21,916 Speaker 1: Malala at my residential college at Yale, and I thought 19 00:01:21,916 --> 00:01:24,316 Speaker 1: all my happiness lab listeners might like to hear not 20 00:01:24,356 --> 00:01:27,476 Speaker 1: only her inspirational story, but also to listen to a 21 00:01:27,556 --> 00:01:32,196 Speaker 1: remarkable woman like Malala talking about burnout, self criticism, guilt, 22 00:01:32,476 --> 00:01:37,916 Speaker 1: family frictions, and even relaxing with Ted Lasso. Everyone at Yale, 23 00:01:37,996 --> 00:01:40,356 Speaker 1: everyone around the world who's joining us, please join me 24 00:01:40,476 --> 00:01:44,996 Speaker 1: and welcoming Malala. So settle in to hear some happiness 25 00:01:45,076 --> 00:01:48,796 Speaker 1: lessons from Malala with me. Doctor Laurie Santo's on the 26 00:01:48,836 --> 00:01:55,796 Speaker 1: Happiness Lab. I'm imagining that talking to a professor like 27 00:01:55,876 --> 00:01:58,716 Speaker 1: this over zoo when a like clunky internet connection must 28 00:01:58,716 --> 00:02:00,676 Speaker 1: take you back to like when you switch to remote 29 00:02:00,716 --> 00:02:03,876 Speaker 1: university back at Oxford in twenty twenty. I'm just curious 30 00:02:03,916 --> 00:02:06,396 Speaker 1: that time was so difficult for my students at Yale, 31 00:02:06,396 --> 00:02:08,196 Speaker 1: Like what was it like for you and kind of 32 00:02:08,196 --> 00:02:10,796 Speaker 1: how did you handle it? This was a tough time 33 00:02:10,836 --> 00:02:14,356 Speaker 1: for students all around the world. When the pandemic hit, 34 00:02:14,556 --> 00:02:18,236 Speaker 1: no one was prepared for how it would impact their studies. 35 00:02:18,636 --> 00:02:21,676 Speaker 1: I took my exam from home, I graduated from home, 36 00:02:21,836 --> 00:02:24,396 Speaker 1: and then again I was stuck at home. I was 37 00:02:24,556 --> 00:02:28,436 Speaker 1: so excited for life after university. I was just waiting 38 00:02:28,436 --> 00:02:30,876 Speaker 1: for that moment when I would be able to move 39 00:02:30,916 --> 00:02:33,956 Speaker 1: out and just explore what was out there. It was 40 00:02:34,436 --> 00:02:37,156 Speaker 1: quite difficult because you realize that it's not just you, 41 00:02:37,356 --> 00:02:40,316 Speaker 1: it's like it's everybody. It's all of us, and unfortunately 42 00:02:40,356 --> 00:02:43,356 Speaker 1: some of us were impacted more than others because of 43 00:02:43,516 --> 00:02:46,036 Speaker 1: where they come from in which geographies they were based. 44 00:02:46,516 --> 00:02:50,596 Speaker 1: I do advocacy for girls education and I dream of 45 00:02:50,636 --> 00:02:53,676 Speaker 1: a world where we see the number of girls who 46 00:02:53,676 --> 00:02:57,356 Speaker 1: are out of school reduced with time. But when COVID 47 00:02:57,476 --> 00:03:00,196 Speaker 1: hit at Manana Fund, we did a research which showed 48 00:03:00,236 --> 00:03:02,676 Speaker 1: that twenty million more girls are at risk of dropping 49 00:03:02,676 --> 00:03:05,676 Speaker 1: out because they're stuck at home. They're more likely to 50 00:03:05,716 --> 00:03:08,836 Speaker 1: be forced into marriages. They also will be helping their 51 00:03:08,836 --> 00:03:12,556 Speaker 1: family financially. And I realize that, you know, progress is 52 00:03:12,596 --> 00:03:16,036 Speaker 1: not linear as you are promised or as you are told. 53 00:03:16,276 --> 00:03:19,516 Speaker 1: There are these setbacks that are these external shocks that 54 00:03:19,596 --> 00:03:22,196 Speaker 1: can damage the work that's been done for the past 55 00:03:22,236 --> 00:03:25,276 Speaker 1: many many decades. COVID with such a tough time, but 56 00:03:25,316 --> 00:03:27,076 Speaker 1: I mean, the amazing thing about your work is you're 57 00:03:27,116 --> 00:03:30,116 Speaker 1: constantly turning your attention to these awful, awful situations that 58 00:03:30,236 --> 00:03:33,956 Speaker 1: face women's education and that face refugees. And one of 59 00:03:33,956 --> 00:03:36,276 Speaker 1: the things I wanted to talk about in our conversation today, 60 00:03:36,356 --> 00:03:39,036 Speaker 1: is how you get to keep doing such important work, 61 00:03:39,276 --> 00:03:41,076 Speaker 1: you know, how you kind of take care of yourself, 62 00:03:41,156 --> 00:03:42,956 Speaker 1: like in the context of kind of dealing with so 63 00:03:43,036 --> 00:03:45,316 Speaker 1: much suffering. The thing that I admire most about you, 64 00:03:45,316 --> 00:03:47,076 Speaker 1: and I know so many people admire most about you, 65 00:03:47,116 --> 00:03:49,156 Speaker 1: which is your courage. You know, it feels like you're 66 00:03:49,156 --> 00:03:51,956 Speaker 1: constantly diving in and doing really hard things. And I'm 67 00:03:51,996 --> 00:03:54,036 Speaker 1: curious what you do to cultivate that, Like, are there 68 00:03:54,116 --> 00:03:56,556 Speaker 1: strategies that you use to like psyche yourself up to 69 00:03:56,596 --> 00:03:58,556 Speaker 1: do all the kinds of things that intimidate you. You You know, 70 00:03:58,596 --> 00:04:01,396 Speaker 1: what advice would you give for you budding activists to 71 00:04:01,436 --> 00:04:04,836 Speaker 1: think about how they can gain some courage activism is, 72 00:04:04,876 --> 00:04:06,516 Speaker 1: you know, it's sort of my day to day job. 73 00:04:06,716 --> 00:04:10,436 Speaker 1: And I do not limit activism do just appearing on 74 00:04:10,556 --> 00:04:15,236 Speaker 1: stage or doing a TV interview or visiting a refugee camp. 75 00:04:15,316 --> 00:04:18,116 Speaker 1: I think when you are an activist, you have to 76 00:04:18,956 --> 00:04:22,076 Speaker 1: enshow that you are reflecting the message in your own 77 00:04:22,116 --> 00:04:25,156 Speaker 1: actions as well and how you live your life. So 78 00:04:25,236 --> 00:04:28,676 Speaker 1: if I am promoting forgiveness and kindness, and if I'm 79 00:04:28,716 --> 00:04:32,516 Speaker 1: bringing attention to justice and fairness, and I believe that, 80 00:04:32,556 --> 00:04:34,236 Speaker 1: you know, we should be living in a society where 81 00:04:34,236 --> 00:04:37,716 Speaker 1: everyone is treated fairly, regardless of their gender and their background. 82 00:04:37,916 --> 00:04:40,236 Speaker 1: Then I need to question myself, you know, is that 83 00:04:40,316 --> 00:04:42,396 Speaker 1: reflecting from the way I live my life or not. 84 00:04:42,876 --> 00:04:45,276 Speaker 1: You know, sometimes you have to make tough choices, you 85 00:04:45,356 --> 00:04:48,636 Speaker 1: have to ask tough questions, and it does require a 86 00:04:48,636 --> 00:04:51,676 Speaker 1: lot of strength to do that. But in my own 87 00:04:51,716 --> 00:04:54,316 Speaker 1: personal journey, you know, I know what it is like 88 00:04:54,516 --> 00:04:57,196 Speaker 1: to be told not to go to school, and I 89 00:04:57,236 --> 00:04:59,436 Speaker 1: know what it is like to be deprived of education. 90 00:04:59,956 --> 00:05:02,676 Speaker 1: It was in two thousand and eight and nine when 91 00:05:02,836 --> 00:05:06,036 Speaker 1: the Taliban gained a lot of influence in Swat Valley 92 00:05:06,196 --> 00:05:09,396 Speaker 1: in the north of Pakistan. The band Gil's Education band 93 00:05:09,436 --> 00:05:12,716 Speaker 1: women from going to markets. They were actually against the 94 00:05:12,756 --> 00:05:16,756 Speaker 1: presence of women in public and they did not see 95 00:05:16,756 --> 00:05:19,916 Speaker 1: a society where women could practice equal rights as men. 96 00:05:20,396 --> 00:05:23,276 Speaker 1: So I was part of that. I wanted the world 97 00:05:23,316 --> 00:05:25,636 Speaker 1: to speak out for me. I wanted someone to raise 98 00:05:25,676 --> 00:05:28,076 Speaker 1: their voice for me. And in this moment, when I 99 00:05:28,156 --> 00:05:30,596 Speaker 1: look at the fact that there are one hundred and 100 00:05:30,596 --> 00:05:33,396 Speaker 1: twenty seven million girls out of school, that right now 101 00:05:33,396 --> 00:05:37,476 Speaker 1: in Afghanistan, girls are banned from secondary education, that refugee 102 00:05:37,476 --> 00:05:41,676 Speaker 1: crisis is worsening, and more and more children are impacted 103 00:05:41,676 --> 00:05:44,676 Speaker 1: by wars and conflicts, and more and more children are 104 00:05:44,756 --> 00:05:48,836 Speaker 1: not receiving safe, in quality education that they deserved. So 105 00:05:48,876 --> 00:05:51,596 Speaker 1: I look back and I think about that Malala who 106 00:05:51,596 --> 00:05:54,116 Speaker 1: wanted the world to speak out. So I feel a 107 00:05:54,156 --> 00:05:57,276 Speaker 1: sense of responsibility because I wish more people had spoken 108 00:05:57,276 --> 00:05:58,756 Speaker 1: out for me, and I know that there are girls 109 00:05:58,756 --> 00:06:01,196 Speaker 1: who want us to speak out for them. This work 110 00:06:01,236 --> 00:06:04,356 Speaker 1: of sort of speaking out is so important, right, both 111 00:06:04,396 --> 00:06:07,556 Speaker 1: doing it yourself and kind of being this ripple effects 112 00:06:07,596 --> 00:06:10,236 Speaker 1: so you can cause other people to speak. It's so critical, 113 00:06:10,276 --> 00:06:12,876 Speaker 1: but it also can be so exhausting, like kind of 114 00:06:12,916 --> 00:06:14,996 Speaker 1: holding the crises of the world so close, you know, 115 00:06:15,636 --> 00:06:18,436 Speaker 1: is tough. And so I'm wondering, especially being so young 116 00:06:18,436 --> 00:06:20,596 Speaker 1: when you started this, like you know, how you're able 117 00:06:20,636 --> 00:06:23,476 Speaker 1: to keep doing this work that requires so much resiliency? 118 00:06:23,596 --> 00:06:25,476 Speaker 1: You know, have you ever gotten close to burnout? Are 119 00:06:25,476 --> 00:06:27,676 Speaker 1: there things you do to protect yourself from burnout? And 120 00:06:27,716 --> 00:06:30,876 Speaker 1: doing this work? The burnout is there in different phases. 121 00:06:31,436 --> 00:06:33,836 Speaker 1: It's like, you know, you focus on one cause and 122 00:06:33,876 --> 00:06:38,076 Speaker 1: one mission and you put so much energy into it 123 00:06:38,116 --> 00:06:41,036 Speaker 1: and then you achieve nothing. So I do advocacy for 124 00:06:41,156 --> 00:06:44,796 Speaker 1: financing for education, because there's a huge gap in financing 125 00:06:44,796 --> 00:06:48,676 Speaker 1: for education and reaching up to two hundred billion dollars. 126 00:06:48,716 --> 00:06:51,836 Speaker 1: So if it keeps expanding and we are not investing 127 00:06:51,916 --> 00:06:54,996 Speaker 1: enough into education, the crisis worsens. And we know it 128 00:06:55,036 --> 00:06:58,316 Speaker 1: has that ripple effect as well. Our health, our economies, 129 00:06:58,676 --> 00:07:01,556 Speaker 1: general equality, all of these things are impacted when we 130 00:07:01,556 --> 00:07:04,196 Speaker 1: don't invest in the education of girls, in the quality 131 00:07:04,276 --> 00:07:07,156 Speaker 1: education of all of our children. So, you know, these 132 00:07:07,156 --> 00:07:09,316 Speaker 1: things concern me. And when I do add the case 133 00:07:09,476 --> 00:07:11,276 Speaker 1: and I push for like you know, these G seven 134 00:07:11,356 --> 00:07:15,396 Speaker 1: leaders or D twenty countries and other policymakers, and then 135 00:07:15,836 --> 00:07:18,316 Speaker 1: sometimes they say a few nice words, and when you 136 00:07:18,356 --> 00:07:21,196 Speaker 1: look at the policy, they have not made any financial commitment. 137 00:07:21,676 --> 00:07:24,596 Speaker 1: They are not actually making the right policies that can 138 00:07:24,676 --> 00:07:27,556 Speaker 1: in show that we see general equality and we see 139 00:07:27,636 --> 00:07:31,156 Speaker 1: enough investment in girls education. So it does frustrate you. 140 00:07:31,356 --> 00:07:34,236 Speaker 1: So there is that burnout in that sense that you 141 00:07:34,356 --> 00:07:37,276 Speaker 1: feel like, could I have done a bit more? Was 142 00:07:37,276 --> 00:07:40,716 Speaker 1: it a bit optimistic of me that I even considered 143 00:07:40,756 --> 00:07:43,796 Speaker 1: it to be impactful? But then in those times I 144 00:07:43,876 --> 00:07:46,876 Speaker 1: remind myself of the positives and of the success that 145 00:07:46,996 --> 00:07:50,836 Speaker 1: we have made for instance, seeing the progress that has 146 00:07:50,876 --> 00:07:53,636 Speaker 1: been made in terms of focusing on this higher secondary 147 00:07:53,756 --> 00:07:56,516 Speaker 1: education of girls. The focus so far had been on 148 00:07:56,796 --> 00:08:00,876 Speaker 1: primary education, but now they have pushed for complete twelve 149 00:08:00,956 --> 00:08:04,156 Speaker 1: years of education. And I know that, you know, we 150 00:08:04,236 --> 00:08:06,476 Speaker 1: need to give complete education to every child so that 151 00:08:06,516 --> 00:08:10,236 Speaker 1: they can make choices for themselves for their future. So 152 00:08:11,036 --> 00:08:13,156 Speaker 1: you know that has been a success. So there is 153 00:08:13,156 --> 00:08:15,996 Speaker 1: a bit of hope and optimism in those times. You 154 00:08:16,036 --> 00:08:18,356 Speaker 1: have to remind yourself that if you are exhausted, you 155 00:08:18,356 --> 00:08:21,116 Speaker 1: are not going to be productive anyway, and you are 156 00:08:21,156 --> 00:08:24,476 Speaker 1: not going to be able to help in your activism 157 00:08:24,476 --> 00:08:27,476 Speaker 1: and your mission as much as you would want to be. 158 00:08:27,636 --> 00:08:31,156 Speaker 1: So you need to recharge yourself. And so I'm wondering 159 00:08:31,196 --> 00:08:33,276 Speaker 1: how you do that. I know, you know my students 160 00:08:33,316 --> 00:08:35,556 Speaker 1: at Yale sometimes if they feel kind of stressed and 161 00:08:35,596 --> 00:08:37,596 Speaker 1: anxious when they take time off. I feel like that 162 00:08:37,676 --> 00:08:39,996 Speaker 1: must be even worse if you're an activist, like you're 163 00:08:40,036 --> 00:08:42,276 Speaker 1: doing such amazing work. I'm curious, you know, how do 164 00:08:42,276 --> 00:08:44,276 Speaker 1: you get yourself to take a break or what is 165 00:08:44,356 --> 00:08:46,876 Speaker 1: moology for fun? I guess it's a question. Yeah, I 166 00:08:46,956 --> 00:08:49,076 Speaker 1: think the guilty is always there when you take a 167 00:08:49,116 --> 00:08:52,956 Speaker 1: break and For me personally, it is spending time with 168 00:08:52,996 --> 00:08:56,276 Speaker 1: my friends, even if it's you know, one video chat 169 00:08:56,356 --> 00:08:59,916 Speaker 1: even that health sore, spending time with my partner and 170 00:08:59,996 --> 00:09:03,036 Speaker 1: just you know, going for a nice dinner or just 171 00:09:03,076 --> 00:09:05,116 Speaker 1: taking a bit of time off. I love to play 172 00:09:05,436 --> 00:09:08,796 Speaker 1: badminton and cricket as well. Yeah, just just spending time 173 00:09:08,836 --> 00:09:11,196 Speaker 1: with your family can really help you. And you know, 174 00:09:11,236 --> 00:09:15,676 Speaker 1: watch a comedy show, watch ted Lasso, or watch you know, 175 00:09:15,756 --> 00:09:18,636 Speaker 1: Inventing an Now or something like that, and it sort 176 00:09:18,636 --> 00:09:21,396 Speaker 1: of distinctive for a moment, and then you are back 177 00:09:21,436 --> 00:09:23,436 Speaker 1: into your mission with a fresh mind and with a 178 00:09:23,516 --> 00:09:27,436 Speaker 1: new perspective, and it really helps you to be more 179 00:09:27,476 --> 00:09:30,076 Speaker 1: productive and more efficient in your work. That's awesome. I 180 00:09:30,116 --> 00:09:32,716 Speaker 1: love to hear that you prioritize taking rest and having 181 00:09:32,716 --> 00:09:35,476 Speaker 1: fun and just like you know, watching ted Lasso, amazing show. 182 00:09:35,636 --> 00:09:37,836 Speaker 1: I'm also curious about a different kind of stressor that 183 00:09:37,876 --> 00:09:40,076 Speaker 1: you face that's maybe different than some of my Yale students, 184 00:09:40,076 --> 00:09:43,356 Speaker 1: which is that, like, you know, you're this public figure, right, 185 00:09:43,356 --> 00:09:44,636 Speaker 1: you know, I know, I know so many of my 186 00:09:44,716 --> 00:09:47,316 Speaker 1: Yale students, especially my seniors now, are facing this hard 187 00:09:47,396 --> 00:09:49,636 Speaker 1: choice of like what should they do after college and 188 00:09:49,716 --> 00:09:52,276 Speaker 1: sort of thinking about next steps. But you know, with 189 00:09:52,356 --> 00:09:55,476 Speaker 1: a huge public platform like yours, I'm guessing the consequences 190 00:09:55,476 --> 00:09:57,876 Speaker 1: of your choices must feel even bigger, like just just 191 00:09:57,956 --> 00:10:00,036 Speaker 1: must feel like there's so many important things at stake, 192 00:10:00,116 --> 00:10:02,556 Speaker 1: and so you know, having just graduated from Oxford and 193 00:10:02,596 --> 00:10:04,436 Speaker 1: things like, you know, how you handle this, like how 194 00:10:04,436 --> 00:10:07,196 Speaker 1: do you make such big decisions? And do you grapple 195 00:10:07,196 --> 00:10:08,916 Speaker 1: with the same kind of indecision that I see with 196 00:10:08,996 --> 00:10:13,196 Speaker 1: my people too? Yes, I think, you know, young people 197 00:10:13,436 --> 00:10:16,316 Speaker 1: in this time are facing a lot of pressure. They 198 00:10:16,316 --> 00:10:20,036 Speaker 1: feel the urgency to take action, and there are a 199 00:10:20,076 --> 00:10:22,356 Speaker 1: lot of issues that concern us, and we know that 200 00:10:22,396 --> 00:10:25,636 Speaker 1: if we don't take action sooner, these issues will get worse, 201 00:10:25,636 --> 00:10:28,556 Speaker 1: and climate change is one example of that. I think 202 00:10:28,596 --> 00:10:32,716 Speaker 1: with this generation, we do dream of a better, fairer, kinder, 203 00:10:33,156 --> 00:10:38,036 Speaker 1: more peaceful world, and it still really frustrates us to 204 00:10:38,116 --> 00:10:41,436 Speaker 1: imagine that we still exist in a world where wars 205 00:10:41,436 --> 00:10:45,676 Speaker 1: are happening, where people are not actually understanding how you know, 206 00:10:45,756 --> 00:10:48,956 Speaker 1: for some economic gains we put the lives of people 207 00:10:48,996 --> 00:10:52,916 Speaker 1: at risk, and that we are still discriminating against people 208 00:10:52,956 --> 00:10:55,596 Speaker 1: based on their gender, based on their skin color, based 209 00:10:55,636 --> 00:10:58,996 Speaker 1: on their background, on their income level. So you know, 210 00:10:59,156 --> 00:11:02,436 Speaker 1: but I'm really happy to see that young people are 211 00:11:02,516 --> 00:11:05,276 Speaker 1: concerned about these issues and that they care and that 212 00:11:05,396 --> 00:11:08,116 Speaker 1: they come out and they take action. But I think 213 00:11:08,156 --> 00:11:10,716 Speaker 1: at the same time really important for young people to 214 00:11:11,596 --> 00:11:16,396 Speaker 1: prioritize their own learning, their own expertise as well, because 215 00:11:16,956 --> 00:11:20,076 Speaker 1: you know, with time, you realize that you also deserve 216 00:11:20,156 --> 00:11:23,316 Speaker 1: to be in those positions of power. You also deserve 217 00:11:23,396 --> 00:11:25,956 Speaker 1: to be in politics. You know, you need to be 218 00:11:26,036 --> 00:11:27,876 Speaker 1: the CEOs of the future. You need to be the 219 00:11:27,996 --> 00:11:30,316 Speaker 1: prime ministers and presidents of the future. You need to 220 00:11:30,316 --> 00:11:34,116 Speaker 1: take the roles of ministries as well, and you are 221 00:11:34,156 --> 00:11:37,236 Speaker 1: in the best place to make those decisions that can 222 00:11:37,276 --> 00:11:40,516 Speaker 1: actually help people. So I do encourage young people to 223 00:11:41,036 --> 00:11:45,476 Speaker 1: take a role in in these organizations in politics as well, 224 00:11:45,836 --> 00:11:49,716 Speaker 1: build your expertise, continue your education, learn from other people. 225 00:11:49,996 --> 00:11:53,036 Speaker 1: But in future, like do you imagine yourselves as the 226 00:11:53,116 --> 00:11:55,876 Speaker 1: decision makers and then you can make those decisions for 227 00:11:56,396 --> 00:11:59,636 Speaker 1: the future. That's awesome. We had one question from my 228 00:11:59,676 --> 00:12:02,716 Speaker 1: soul miss student Akio, who asks about what it's like 229 00:12:02,756 --> 00:12:04,876 Speaker 1: to be a pop culture I can't. I know your 230 00:12:04,956 --> 00:12:08,276 Speaker 1: name was like featured in movies and like your people 231 00:12:08,316 --> 00:12:10,716 Speaker 1: talk about you on TV shows and stuff. And so 232 00:12:10,956 --> 00:12:13,476 Speaker 1: I think Aki is just wondering, like, what's that? Like? 233 00:12:13,836 --> 00:12:16,436 Speaker 1: Is it just weird? Like do you enjoy it? I 234 00:12:16,516 --> 00:12:19,556 Speaker 1: will be honest that I caught up with the pop 235 00:12:19,636 --> 00:12:23,036 Speaker 1: culture stuff pretty late, but the pandemic really brought me 236 00:12:23,076 --> 00:12:25,516 Speaker 1: to watch TV shows and also like university time as well, 237 00:12:25,556 --> 00:12:28,596 Speaker 1: I started binge watching like Big Bank Period and other shows. 238 00:12:29,236 --> 00:12:33,076 Speaker 1: It's a big source of procrastination. I have seen like 239 00:12:33,516 --> 00:12:36,356 Speaker 1: my name being mentioned in a few shows, especially I 240 00:12:36,396 --> 00:12:39,476 Speaker 1: think in Succession. I was just watching it like randomly, 241 00:12:39,996 --> 00:12:42,636 Speaker 1: and then they mentioned my name, and I'm like, that's 242 00:12:42,636 --> 00:12:44,556 Speaker 1: pretty awkward. I don't know how to react to that, 243 00:12:46,196 --> 00:12:49,156 Speaker 1: but sometimes, you know, it's fun to see that. It's 244 00:12:49,156 --> 00:12:50,996 Speaker 1: a bit of a surprise, but it's fun to see 245 00:12:51,036 --> 00:12:54,956 Speaker 1: that about. What really makes me happy is the support 246 00:12:54,996 --> 00:12:57,636 Speaker 1: that I received from people from all around the world. 247 00:12:57,676 --> 00:13:00,996 Speaker 1: They are supporting my organization, Malana Fund, through which we 248 00:13:01,036 --> 00:13:04,756 Speaker 1: support an advocate for girls education. They are supporting us 249 00:13:04,796 --> 00:13:09,076 Speaker 1: through following like a newsletter. They're following my personal journey, 250 00:13:09,236 --> 00:13:12,516 Speaker 1: my personal opinions and thoughts through my bulletin platform Podium. 251 00:13:12,956 --> 00:13:15,996 Speaker 1: So I'm really happy to see that, and I really 252 00:13:16,036 --> 00:13:18,916 Speaker 1: appreciate the support that people have given to me. That's amazing. 253 00:13:19,116 --> 00:13:21,476 Speaker 1: And so another one of our community member is Victor 254 00:13:21,596 --> 00:13:25,676 Speaker 1: asks during a recent keynote education summit, you said it's 255 00:13:25,716 --> 00:13:28,436 Speaker 1: easier to feel distant from current crises around the world, 256 00:13:28,476 --> 00:13:31,676 Speaker 1: like those affecting refugees, and so Victor's asking, what can 257 00:13:31,676 --> 00:13:34,556 Speaker 1: we do to shake ourselves from this stupor, especially when 258 00:13:34,556 --> 00:13:36,636 Speaker 1: the media might not be helping us. How can we 259 00:13:36,676 --> 00:13:40,236 Speaker 1: reframe things to become more effective supporters because there's so 260 00:13:40,236 --> 00:13:42,596 Speaker 1: many people who need our help, who are just people 261 00:13:42,636 --> 00:13:45,716 Speaker 1: just like us, but sometimes things can feel so far away. 262 00:13:45,796 --> 00:13:48,156 Speaker 1: Any ideas for how we can feel closer and really 263 00:13:48,196 --> 00:13:51,636 Speaker 1: take more action, That's a great question. There are definitely 264 00:13:51,836 --> 00:13:55,516 Speaker 1: ways in which you can support refugees and you can 265 00:13:55,556 --> 00:13:59,156 Speaker 1: bring attention to other causes that you believe in. You know, 266 00:13:59,196 --> 00:14:02,956 Speaker 1: one of our biggest power is voting and then those 267 00:14:02,996 --> 00:14:07,116 Speaker 1: who we vote, holding them accountable, and it's writing to them, 268 00:14:07,116 --> 00:14:09,516 Speaker 1: it's putting more pressure on them and ask them that, 269 00:14:09,676 --> 00:14:12,996 Speaker 1: you know, what are they doing for refugees for other issues? 270 00:14:13,316 --> 00:14:16,356 Speaker 1: And you know, young people writing a letter to their 271 00:14:16,396 --> 00:14:21,916 Speaker 1: their local politicians and also participating in in those local 272 00:14:22,036 --> 00:14:25,476 Speaker 1: organizations and also in the international organizations like supporting their 273 00:14:25,516 --> 00:14:29,276 Speaker 1: causes raising awareness. So I think you know, those local 274 00:14:29,396 --> 00:14:33,916 Speaker 1: led activism can be really powerful and at Malanafen, like 275 00:14:33,996 --> 00:14:38,236 Speaker 1: the way we do projects is we support local activists 276 00:14:38,316 --> 00:14:45,196 Speaker 1: in ten countries including Pakistan, India, Nigeria, Brazil, Ethiopia. And 277 00:14:45,556 --> 00:14:49,076 Speaker 1: these are activists who are figuring out out what are 278 00:14:49,236 --> 00:14:52,796 Speaker 1: the barriers that prevent girls from schools And it could 279 00:14:52,796 --> 00:14:55,916 Speaker 1: be like lack a female teachers, or it could be sanitation, 280 00:14:56,036 --> 00:14:58,876 Speaker 1: it could be infrastructure, or it could be the lack 281 00:14:58,916 --> 00:15:02,276 Speaker 1: of other facilities. And when you address those specific issues, 282 00:15:02,316 --> 00:15:05,116 Speaker 1: you can help many more girls to enrol into schools. 283 00:15:05,116 --> 00:15:07,996 Speaker 1: And sometimes the policy changes that you need to make 284 00:15:08,036 --> 00:15:11,876 Speaker 1: that can involve more girls into schools. In Nigeria, for instance, 285 00:15:11,956 --> 00:15:16,036 Speaker 1: our education activists in the state of Kaduna pastor legislation 286 00:15:16,116 --> 00:15:19,436 Speaker 1: that helped them to reduce the hidden fees that students 287 00:15:19,476 --> 00:15:22,796 Speaker 1: had to face in schools from like covering uniform or 288 00:15:22,996 --> 00:15:26,436 Speaker 1: other schools stationary books, et cetera. That impacted girls more 289 00:15:26,556 --> 00:15:30,036 Speaker 1: because families were less likely to cover these extra costs 290 00:15:30,036 --> 00:15:32,316 Speaker 1: for their girls. And even in this COVID time, they 291 00:15:32,316 --> 00:15:37,236 Speaker 1: were able to do classes through radios, through televisions, through 292 00:15:37,276 --> 00:15:40,396 Speaker 1: mobile aaps to ensure that even if girls can't be 293 00:15:40,516 --> 00:15:43,676 Speaker 1: in school, they can still learn from home, so that 294 00:15:43,916 --> 00:15:46,996 Speaker 1: these girls do not miss out on their education. So 295 00:15:47,036 --> 00:15:51,596 Speaker 1: I think it's supporting these local activists, supporting local organizations. 296 00:15:51,596 --> 00:15:56,436 Speaker 1: It can really help us to bring more impact and 297 00:15:56,756 --> 00:15:59,476 Speaker 1: that positive change in our communities and in communities around 298 00:15:59,516 --> 00:16:02,716 Speaker 1: the world. When we come back from the break, Malala 299 00:16:02,756 --> 00:16:05,316 Speaker 1: will share more of her tips on advocating for change 300 00:16:05,636 --> 00:16:07,636 Speaker 1: and how you can begin to win over people who 301 00:16:07,676 --> 00:16:11,116 Speaker 1: are deeply opposed to equality justice, even if they happened 302 00:16:11,156 --> 00:16:14,636 Speaker 1: to be in your very own family. The Happiness Lab. 303 00:16:14,676 --> 00:16:26,076 Speaker 1: We'll be right back. Even though we're doing this as 304 00:16:26,116 --> 00:16:28,676 Speaker 1: a Silliman College t at Yale, because we're on Facebook Live, 305 00:16:28,716 --> 00:16:30,516 Speaker 1: we're kind of all over the world. And someone in 306 00:16:30,516 --> 00:16:33,556 Speaker 1: our Silliman community shared this with their friends community, which 307 00:16:33,596 --> 00:16:37,076 Speaker 1: got to a fifth grade classroom in Tucson, Arizona. So 308 00:16:37,116 --> 00:16:39,236 Speaker 1: I want to share one of their questions, which is 309 00:16:39,236 --> 00:16:41,396 Speaker 1: coming from a fifth grade student who's, you know, thinking 310 00:16:41,396 --> 00:16:43,716 Speaker 1: about what life must have been like for you when 311 00:16:43,756 --> 00:16:46,196 Speaker 1: you were kind of being treated differently just because you 312 00:16:46,236 --> 00:16:48,116 Speaker 1: were a woman. And so the question is, how did 313 00:16:48,116 --> 00:16:49,956 Speaker 1: you feel when men in Pakistan thought less of you? 314 00:16:50,036 --> 00:16:52,436 Speaker 1: Simply because you were a girl trying to get education. 315 00:16:53,076 --> 00:16:54,876 Speaker 1: How has that shaped you and how do you see 316 00:16:54,916 --> 00:16:57,316 Speaker 1: this shaping even women today who have to fight for 317 00:16:57,436 --> 00:16:59,836 Speaker 1: education and girls today who have to fight for an education. 318 00:17:00,356 --> 00:17:04,276 Speaker 1: I would share my personal story first, So when I 319 00:17:04,356 --> 00:17:07,556 Speaker 1: was growing up, there weren't these gender stage your lives 320 00:17:07,596 --> 00:17:10,036 Speaker 1: that were influencing my life ready. And I was not 321 00:17:10,116 --> 00:17:13,276 Speaker 1: the only woman or girl whose life was impacted. Women 322 00:17:13,356 --> 00:17:18,516 Speaker 1: overall are impacted by these gender stereotypes. They are called lesser, 323 00:17:18,796 --> 00:17:21,556 Speaker 1: they're told that they can't be leaders, they can't be activists, 324 00:17:21,556 --> 00:17:26,036 Speaker 1: that they can't be better decision makers. And I was 325 00:17:26,076 --> 00:17:30,116 Speaker 1: really lucky that my father believed in in me. He 326 00:17:30,276 --> 00:17:32,876 Speaker 1: just believed in this basic idea that men and women 327 00:17:33,316 --> 00:17:36,116 Speaker 1: are all equal and why should they be discriminated based 328 00:17:36,116 --> 00:17:39,036 Speaker 1: on their gender. And I always tell people that I 329 00:17:39,076 --> 00:17:42,996 Speaker 1: started speaking out and I was able to raise my voice. 330 00:17:43,676 --> 00:17:46,516 Speaker 1: But this could have been any other girl in Swath Valley. 331 00:17:46,836 --> 00:17:49,516 Speaker 1: But different in my story is that my father did 332 00:17:49,556 --> 00:17:53,036 Speaker 1: not stop me. There were so many other manalas out 333 00:17:53,076 --> 00:17:56,396 Speaker 1: there who could have raised their voices and who wanted to, 334 00:17:56,436 --> 00:17:59,356 Speaker 1: and who even had started, but their brothers, their fathers, 335 00:17:59,396 --> 00:18:03,276 Speaker 1: their male family members, stopped them from speaking out. So 336 00:18:03,676 --> 00:18:07,236 Speaker 1: sometimes it's you know, it's the small step of not 337 00:18:07,356 --> 00:18:11,676 Speaker 1: stopping women as my father, yourselves, don't don't click women's wings. 338 00:18:12,236 --> 00:18:15,956 Speaker 1: Allow women to go forward. It sometimes, you know, means 339 00:18:15,956 --> 00:18:17,996 Speaker 1: they're giving them the space, giving them the room to 340 00:18:18,036 --> 00:18:20,756 Speaker 1: step forward. Don't stand in their way. Be their allies, 341 00:18:20,836 --> 00:18:23,676 Speaker 1: be their supporters. You know, I was lucky that my 342 00:18:23,756 --> 00:18:25,996 Speaker 1: father and my brothers, and there are other men right 343 00:18:26,036 --> 00:18:29,356 Speaker 1: now who are you know, becoming advocates for women's rights. 344 00:18:29,356 --> 00:18:33,076 Speaker 1: And when they see women in their own community become leaders, 345 00:18:33,156 --> 00:18:37,316 Speaker 1: become um activists, it really gives them, you know, that 346 00:18:37,596 --> 00:18:41,556 Speaker 1: role model. Yes, it is possible for women to be leaders, 347 00:18:41,596 --> 00:18:43,676 Speaker 1: to be in sports, and to be in science and 348 00:18:43,716 --> 00:18:46,476 Speaker 1: to be inventors. You know, I know that this is 349 00:18:46,516 --> 00:18:49,316 Speaker 1: not a problem, you know just in one part of Pakistan. 350 00:18:49,916 --> 00:18:53,036 Speaker 1: This is a global problem. So men do have a 351 00:18:53,196 --> 00:18:55,996 Speaker 1: role to play. And I would ask men and boys 352 00:18:56,036 --> 00:18:59,596 Speaker 1: to become allies of women. May become allies of your sisters, 353 00:18:59,676 --> 00:19:03,916 Speaker 1: your mothers, your wife, you know, your female colleagues and friends. 354 00:19:04,076 --> 00:19:08,156 Speaker 1: And whenever you see that there's something going wrong and 355 00:19:08,316 --> 00:19:11,796 Speaker 1: you know people are being sexist or they are discriminating 356 00:19:11,796 --> 00:19:14,236 Speaker 1: against women, like do step up Your voice can really 357 00:19:14,276 --> 00:19:17,596 Speaker 1: be powerful because you know, other men do listen to you, 358 00:19:17,716 --> 00:19:20,756 Speaker 1: so when it comes from you, it can be pretty impactful. 359 00:19:21,036 --> 00:19:23,116 Speaker 1: But that's a good question. Well, this one kind of 360 00:19:23,116 --> 00:19:25,036 Speaker 1: builds on that. This is from a soon to be 361 00:19:25,156 --> 00:19:28,036 Speaker 1: Yale student, but one of these students is asking how 362 00:19:28,116 --> 00:19:30,996 Speaker 1: you kind of convince people to be allies or how 363 00:19:31,036 --> 00:19:33,636 Speaker 1: you deal with people who have different perceptions on you. 364 00:19:33,756 --> 00:19:36,596 Speaker 1: So if you meet somebody who disagrees with you, what 365 00:19:36,676 --> 00:19:38,956 Speaker 1: can you do to open up conversation? You know, how 366 00:19:38,956 --> 00:19:41,036 Speaker 1: do you change people's minds and get them to see 367 00:19:41,036 --> 00:19:42,996 Speaker 1: the light? I would say this, this is not an 368 00:19:43,036 --> 00:19:45,516 Speaker 1: easy question, and this is something that's on my mind 369 00:19:45,596 --> 00:19:48,996 Speaker 1: all the time. I think, you know, in my personal experience, 370 00:19:49,436 --> 00:19:52,636 Speaker 1: things do change with time, and sometimes it's it's not 371 00:19:52,716 --> 00:19:57,156 Speaker 1: a conversation that actually changes people's minds in perspective, it's 372 00:19:57,196 --> 00:19:59,236 Speaker 1: the time that they spend with you. It's the more 373 00:19:59,276 --> 00:20:02,796 Speaker 1: experience that they have with you that can really change 374 00:20:02,796 --> 00:20:06,676 Speaker 1: their perspective. Because, as I mentioned, even our activism for 375 00:20:06,756 --> 00:20:12,636 Speaker 1: girl's education was initially as an external idea, as a 376 00:20:12,716 --> 00:20:16,916 Speaker 1: foreign idea, and with time, now that I am educated 377 00:20:16,956 --> 00:20:19,596 Speaker 1: that more and more girls are receiving their education, and 378 00:20:20,116 --> 00:20:23,116 Speaker 1: it doesn't make us like any different, you know, we're 379 00:20:23,156 --> 00:20:26,756 Speaker 1: still the same women. I'm really proud of my culture 380 00:20:26,796 --> 00:20:29,556 Speaker 1: and my religion, and I don't leave any of that behind. 381 00:20:29,596 --> 00:20:32,276 Speaker 1: And I want to tell people that, like these ideas 382 00:20:32,276 --> 00:20:35,876 Speaker 1: are universal and we should not really associate it with 383 00:20:36,036 --> 00:20:40,076 Speaker 1: some sort of like a foreign idea. You can make 384 00:20:40,116 --> 00:20:43,716 Speaker 1: equality and fairness as part of your own culture as well, 385 00:20:43,796 --> 00:20:46,476 Speaker 1: and in fact, like your culture and your religion is 386 00:20:46,476 --> 00:20:50,476 Speaker 1: also promoting these ideas. So when I'll give two examples, 387 00:20:50,476 --> 00:20:54,156 Speaker 1: one is of my father's cousin who had worked on 388 00:20:54,156 --> 00:20:58,436 Speaker 1: our family tree, And when my father's cousin showed that 389 00:20:58,516 --> 00:21:01,396 Speaker 1: family tree to my dad, my dad wrote down my name, 390 00:21:01,716 --> 00:21:05,476 Speaker 1: and his cousin was like really surprised because that family 391 00:21:05,476 --> 00:21:07,916 Speaker 1: tree was full of men's names. It's not that we 392 00:21:07,956 --> 00:21:09,956 Speaker 1: did not have women in our family, but that women 393 00:21:09,996 --> 00:21:13,476 Speaker 1: were not recognized as part of that family bloodline. And 394 00:21:13,516 --> 00:21:15,276 Speaker 1: he was quite shocked, like, you know, why would you 395 00:21:15,276 --> 00:21:18,756 Speaker 1: write a woman's name there, Like, you know, it's it's silly. 396 00:21:18,796 --> 00:21:22,276 Speaker 1: But then like today, that cousin of my dad is 397 00:21:22,436 --> 00:21:25,716 Speaker 1: so proud of me and he supports us, and he 398 00:21:25,836 --> 00:21:29,356 Speaker 1: believes why it's important to educate your daughters. And the 399 00:21:29,396 --> 00:21:31,556 Speaker 1: same was, you know, the case with me as well. 400 00:21:31,596 --> 00:21:35,236 Speaker 1: Like one of my very close family members, he was 401 00:21:35,316 --> 00:21:37,196 Speaker 1: asked by my dad to take me to this press 402 00:21:37,236 --> 00:21:41,356 Speaker 1: conference and somehow like I needed a male companion to 403 00:21:41,436 --> 00:21:46,396 Speaker 1: take me, and he was, you know, he was pretty frustrated, 404 00:21:46,436 --> 00:21:48,796 Speaker 1: and he complained to my dad that, you know, Malala 405 00:21:48,836 --> 00:21:51,636 Speaker 1: should not appear in front of TV cameras and she should, 406 00:21:51,676 --> 00:21:53,996 Speaker 1: you know, at least sit in the house, or at 407 00:21:54,076 --> 00:21:56,196 Speaker 1: least she should cover her face, like it's a shame 408 00:21:56,276 --> 00:21:58,116 Speaker 1: to the family. And he was facing a lot of 409 00:21:58,156 --> 00:22:01,916 Speaker 1: pressure from other people in the community. But my father 410 00:22:01,996 --> 00:22:05,156 Speaker 1: stood up for me and he told him that it 411 00:22:05,196 --> 00:22:07,556 Speaker 1: was none of his business and that I can make 412 00:22:07,596 --> 00:22:11,476 Speaker 1: any decision for myself. But today that same family member 413 00:22:11,716 --> 00:22:14,916 Speaker 1: is the biggest supporter of mine because they realize that 414 00:22:15,356 --> 00:22:20,436 Speaker 1: education is sort of beyond these personal opinions and it's 415 00:22:20,516 --> 00:22:22,876 Speaker 1: something that not only benefits women and girls, but it 416 00:22:22,916 --> 00:22:25,996 Speaker 1: benefits our communities as well. So these things do change 417 00:22:25,996 --> 00:22:28,556 Speaker 1: with time, I think, and it's when people are exposed 418 00:22:28,556 --> 00:22:31,756 Speaker 1: toward experiences more opinions, it really helps them. So it's 419 00:22:31,796 --> 00:22:35,276 Speaker 1: good to be open to more opinions and perspectives, and like, 420 00:22:35,356 --> 00:22:37,556 Speaker 1: I do that for myself as well. Sometimes I have 421 00:22:37,636 --> 00:22:39,996 Speaker 1: this idea like we are the righteous ones and we 422 00:22:40,076 --> 00:22:43,356 Speaker 1: are on the right path, and whatever is slightly in 423 00:22:43,396 --> 00:22:46,996 Speaker 1: disagreement with our opinions is sort of wrong. We should 424 00:22:46,996 --> 00:22:49,396 Speaker 1: not have this approach at all. We should be always 425 00:22:49,436 --> 00:22:52,796 Speaker 1: open to more and new ideas and try to understand 426 00:22:52,836 --> 00:22:55,876 Speaker 1: that perspective. We may not fully agree with them, but 427 00:22:56,076 --> 00:22:58,796 Speaker 1: sometimes we realize that, you know, we start with the 428 00:22:58,836 --> 00:23:02,036 Speaker 1: same frustrations and then somehow reach two different conclusions. So 429 00:23:02,036 --> 00:23:04,676 Speaker 1: it's quite important to understand, like, you know, what are 430 00:23:04,716 --> 00:23:07,556 Speaker 1: the frustrations that other people are facing. So it's finding 431 00:23:07,596 --> 00:23:10,596 Speaker 1: those commonalities. It's fine ending you know what can bring 432 00:23:10,716 --> 00:23:13,276 Speaker 1: us together and say, like, you know, we agree, Yes, 433 00:23:13,316 --> 00:23:15,796 Speaker 1: it's the same problem that we are talking about, So 434 00:23:15,836 --> 00:23:18,476 Speaker 1: how can we address that? And I think that connects 435 00:23:18,516 --> 00:23:20,876 Speaker 1: to another question that we just got, which is how 436 00:23:20,996 --> 00:23:23,596 Speaker 1: we can kind of take part in this conversation without 437 00:23:23,676 --> 00:23:25,996 Speaker 1: kind of doing it the wrong way. And so one 438 00:23:26,076 --> 00:23:28,956 Speaker 1: Yale student asks, how do you suggest people from the 439 00:23:29,036 --> 00:23:32,116 Speaker 1: global north from elite institutions, like how can we get 440 00:23:32,156 --> 00:23:35,956 Speaker 1: involved in advocacy for girls education without being kind of 441 00:23:35,956 --> 00:23:39,676 Speaker 1: a colonialist or paternalistic, right, it's yucky to sort of 442 00:23:39,676 --> 00:23:41,356 Speaker 1: think about, you know, people from the West going to 443 00:23:41,436 --> 00:23:44,836 Speaker 1: liberate Muslim women like these have yucky connotations. And so 444 00:23:45,796 --> 00:23:48,076 Speaker 1: how can well intention students, how can they help in 445 00:23:48,076 --> 00:23:50,236 Speaker 1: a way that kind of doesn't have as much of 446 00:23:50,276 --> 00:23:54,116 Speaker 1: a colonialist bad side. I guess this is a good question, 447 00:23:54,156 --> 00:23:56,596 Speaker 1: and I think there are ways in which, you know, 448 00:23:56,636 --> 00:24:00,076 Speaker 1: we all can find a role for ourselves. And like, 449 00:24:00,196 --> 00:24:03,396 Speaker 1: even for me, we have an office in DC and 450 00:24:03,476 --> 00:24:05,756 Speaker 1: an office in London, but also an office in Nigeria 451 00:24:05,756 --> 00:24:09,236 Speaker 1: and Pakistan. But I know that I'm not exposed to 452 00:24:09,796 --> 00:24:14,196 Speaker 1: the culture and the economy and the politics of every country. 453 00:24:14,236 --> 00:24:18,116 Speaker 1: So I don't know how to fix girls education crisis 454 00:24:18,116 --> 00:24:21,236 Speaker 1: in Nigeria or in Brazil. I may have more experience 455 00:24:21,476 --> 00:24:24,276 Speaker 1: in Pakistan, but not in the other countries. And the 456 00:24:24,316 --> 00:24:28,196 Speaker 1: best way to actually push for these changes is to 457 00:24:28,196 --> 00:24:32,556 Speaker 1: support local activists, those who are doing advocacy in those provinces, 458 00:24:32,636 --> 00:24:34,876 Speaker 1: and those who are doing advocacy on a national level 459 00:24:34,876 --> 00:24:37,036 Speaker 1: as well and also on a global level. So supporting 460 00:24:37,596 --> 00:24:41,876 Speaker 1: local angeos, smaller JeOS can be very helpful. But then also, 461 00:24:41,916 --> 00:24:45,436 Speaker 1: like you have to remember that the criticism in itself 462 00:24:45,956 --> 00:24:50,796 Speaker 1: is I think it's debatable because even if I starting 463 00:24:50,836 --> 00:24:53,516 Speaker 1: activism in Pakistan or in Suad, you know, it could 464 00:24:53,516 --> 00:24:56,436 Speaker 1: be still called likes you know, for an idea or 465 00:24:56,796 --> 00:25:00,396 Speaker 1: like a Western idea or a colonial idea, because there 466 00:25:00,636 --> 00:25:04,316 Speaker 1: is value and there is significance in it to an extent, 467 00:25:04,396 --> 00:25:06,396 Speaker 1: but also you need to remember that it could be 468 00:25:06,676 --> 00:25:10,036 Speaker 1: just exploited for the wrong reasons as well. We should 469 00:25:10,076 --> 00:25:12,356 Speaker 1: not be so afraid to step in and do our 470 00:25:12,436 --> 00:25:16,156 Speaker 1: bit and ensure that we are communicating and engaging with 471 00:25:16,196 --> 00:25:19,756 Speaker 1: the local community members, with the local Enginos, with the 472 00:25:19,796 --> 00:25:22,676 Speaker 1: civil society, and they can best guide us, you know, 473 00:25:22,756 --> 00:25:25,196 Speaker 1: they can tell you what are the what are the gifts. 474 00:25:25,316 --> 00:25:27,636 Speaker 1: We have another question that that's come up a few 475 00:25:27,636 --> 00:25:29,436 Speaker 1: times here, and it's actually one that I wanted to 476 00:25:29,436 --> 00:25:31,276 Speaker 1: ask you too. I think, you know, one of the 477 00:25:31,316 --> 00:25:35,676 Speaker 1: reasons your story is so literally unbelievable to us is 478 00:25:35,796 --> 00:25:37,916 Speaker 1: you know how close you are to assassination at the 479 00:25:37,956 --> 00:25:40,876 Speaker 1: hands of the Taliban. It's it's awful for any of 480 00:25:40,916 --> 00:25:43,636 Speaker 1: us to imagine. It's awful to have gone through. So 481 00:25:43,756 --> 00:25:45,276 Speaker 1: my version of the question is sort of, you know, 482 00:25:45,316 --> 00:25:48,316 Speaker 1: how do you come around to forgiveness and kind of 483 00:25:48,396 --> 00:25:50,596 Speaker 1: dealing with the you know these people who harmed you. 484 00:25:50,716 --> 00:25:52,036 Speaker 1: Is there a way that you frame it in a 485 00:25:52,076 --> 00:25:54,396 Speaker 1: positive way that allows you to move on? Like what 486 00:25:54,436 --> 00:25:56,476 Speaker 1: advice do you have for people who are going through 487 00:25:56,476 --> 00:25:58,836 Speaker 1: their own terrible things and need to find a way 488 00:25:58,836 --> 00:26:01,756 Speaker 1: towards forgiveness or moving on? Thank you, Lorie. I think 489 00:26:02,156 --> 00:26:05,276 Speaker 1: in this question, like I do need to specify that 490 00:26:05,996 --> 00:26:09,436 Speaker 1: when the incident happened, all all that I am remember 491 00:26:09,556 --> 00:26:12,196 Speaker 1: was that I had my last day of school, I 492 00:26:12,276 --> 00:26:14,596 Speaker 1: was on my school bus going back home, and then 493 00:26:15,556 --> 00:26:18,156 Speaker 1: there are these sort of mixed thoughts and stuff, and 494 00:26:18,156 --> 00:26:20,276 Speaker 1: then like I don't remember anything. I just could not 495 00:26:20,356 --> 00:26:22,796 Speaker 1: figure out if it was a dream or like what 496 00:26:23,036 --> 00:26:25,516 Speaker 1: was I going through? And then I suddenly wake up 497 00:26:25,516 --> 00:26:28,636 Speaker 1: in a hospital in the UK and I see doctors 498 00:26:28,636 --> 00:26:31,276 Speaker 1: and nurses around me, and I'm like, what's happening? And 499 00:26:31,316 --> 00:26:33,956 Speaker 1: I couldn't speak because of tubing in my next So 500 00:26:34,036 --> 00:26:36,596 Speaker 1: it was a like a difficult time and the stories 501 00:26:36,636 --> 00:26:38,076 Speaker 1: in my book I Am a Lada, so you can 502 00:26:38,116 --> 00:26:41,556 Speaker 1: read more about it in that. But when I realized 503 00:26:41,596 --> 00:26:44,116 Speaker 1: that I had received so much support from people around 504 00:26:44,116 --> 00:26:47,716 Speaker 1: the world, I was shown these baskets of cards and 505 00:26:47,876 --> 00:26:51,636 Speaker 1: letters from people, and I just could not believe it. 506 00:26:51,676 --> 00:26:54,796 Speaker 1: I was in complete awe of the support that I had, 507 00:26:54,796 --> 00:26:57,596 Speaker 1: and I realized that then it was a second life. 508 00:26:57,596 --> 00:26:59,476 Speaker 1: I just it was, you know, it was a chance 509 00:26:59,476 --> 00:27:02,676 Speaker 1: that I survived, and this seems like a new life. 510 00:27:02,676 --> 00:27:05,676 Speaker 1: It's given for a purpose, and that is to continue 511 00:27:05,716 --> 00:27:09,036 Speaker 1: fighting for girls education. And I realized that the best 512 00:27:09,516 --> 00:27:12,476 Speaker 1: to take revenge is to go and educate more and 513 00:27:12,516 --> 00:27:16,196 Speaker 1: more girls. That's the best way to defeat the ideology 514 00:27:16,196 --> 00:27:19,836 Speaker 1: of extremism. I'm not against any person, I'm not against people. 515 00:27:20,196 --> 00:27:24,356 Speaker 1: I'm against the ideology of extremism, of hatred, of intolerance. 516 00:27:24,916 --> 00:27:29,116 Speaker 1: And we can defeat these ideologies by giving people safe, 517 00:27:29,196 --> 00:27:31,516 Speaker 1: quality and free education to ensure that they are in 518 00:27:31,556 --> 00:27:35,356 Speaker 1: a place where they're open to ideas, they can seek 519 00:27:35,556 --> 00:27:40,076 Speaker 1: more knowledge, they're not stuck in an extreme mind and ideology, 520 00:27:40,436 --> 00:27:44,876 Speaker 1: and they can all take different roles in society and 521 00:27:44,956 --> 00:27:47,116 Speaker 1: make this world a better place for all of us. 522 00:27:47,556 --> 00:27:49,596 Speaker 1: So I believe that education is the best way, and 523 00:27:49,676 --> 00:27:52,636 Speaker 1: we know that when women and girls are educated, there 524 00:27:52,676 --> 00:27:56,516 Speaker 1: are so many advantages. We live in a much better 525 00:27:56,556 --> 00:28:00,076 Speaker 1: world when we have educated women and girls with us. 526 00:28:00,556 --> 00:28:03,396 Speaker 1: So you know that is my fright now, and I 527 00:28:03,436 --> 00:28:06,756 Speaker 1: have been doing that, and I keep working harder and 528 00:28:06,796 --> 00:28:09,916 Speaker 1: harder each and every time to ensure that I see 529 00:28:09,916 --> 00:28:13,836 Speaker 1: that day when all girls can go to school safely. 530 00:28:14,156 --> 00:28:16,836 Speaker 1: And I hope that countries realize that, you know, there 531 00:28:16,916 --> 00:28:20,476 Speaker 1: is a sense of emergency emerging right now for girl's education, 532 00:28:20,556 --> 00:28:22,516 Speaker 1: especially when we look at the crisis, when we look 533 00:28:22,516 --> 00:28:25,356 Speaker 1: at words of heavening in Afghanistan, when we look at 534 00:28:25,356 --> 00:28:28,956 Speaker 1: the fact that financing for education has been stagnant. So 535 00:28:28,996 --> 00:28:31,876 Speaker 1: I hope that you know, we see more attention towards 536 00:28:32,196 --> 00:28:35,116 Speaker 1: this issue. I think there's one good question that I 537 00:28:35,156 --> 00:28:37,116 Speaker 1: would like to answer in the commers, and which is 538 00:28:37,116 --> 00:28:42,036 Speaker 1: what's my favorite ice cream flavor? Yeah, so that's that's 539 00:28:42,276 --> 00:28:44,756 Speaker 1: when Alla when a lice human just it's quite basic 540 00:28:44,796 --> 00:28:47,196 Speaker 1: when I like it. Next time we get you on 541 00:28:47,316 --> 00:28:49,676 Speaker 1: Yale's actual campus, I promise to take you to one 542 00:28:49,676 --> 00:28:52,276 Speaker 1: of the best ice cream shops on the in the 543 00:28:52,356 --> 00:28:55,676 Speaker 1: United States, I think, but definitely in New Haven, Connecticut. Well, 544 00:28:55,836 --> 00:28:58,516 Speaker 1: thank you so much for giving us hope, for showing 545 00:28:58,596 --> 00:29:00,676 Speaker 1: us the right path, for being such an inspiration to 546 00:29:00,796 --> 00:29:03,196 Speaker 1: so many people here today, and thank you so much 547 00:29:03,196 --> 00:29:06,636 Speaker 1: for taking your time at your busy schedule to come 548 00:29:06,716 --> 00:29:12,476 Speaker 1: here to Yale to chat with us, so Happiness Lab listeners. 549 00:29:12,516 --> 00:29:15,276 Speaker 1: I hope my conversation with Malala has inspired you as 550 00:29:15,356 --> 00:29:18,636 Speaker 1: much as it's inspired me. When you're faced with adversity, 551 00:29:18,796 --> 00:29:21,476 Speaker 1: ask yourself, what can this teach me? How can I 552 00:29:21,516 --> 00:29:24,876 Speaker 1: grow from all this? And remember that in those moments 553 00:29:24,876 --> 00:29:26,876 Speaker 1: when you're hesitant to take a break from all your 554 00:29:26,916 --> 00:29:30,236 Speaker 1: hard work, remember that it's important to take time to unwind. 555 00:29:30,756 --> 00:29:33,796 Speaker 1: Even amazing people like Mamala find time to watch some 556 00:29:33,916 --> 00:29:37,876 Speaker 1: ted Lasso. Thanks for listening to hear more tips and 557 00:29:37,876 --> 00:29:39,996 Speaker 1: tricks on happiness. Be sure to tune in for the 558 00:29:40,036 --> 00:29:43,756 Speaker 1: next episode of The Happiness Lab with me Doctor Laurie Santos. 559 00:29:49,276 --> 00:29:52,196 Speaker 1: The Happiness Lab is co written and produced by Ryan Dilley, 560 00:29:52,356 --> 00:29:56,276 Speaker 1: Emily Anne Vaughan, and Courtney Guerino. Our original music was 561 00:29:56,316 --> 00:30:00,156 Speaker 1: composed by Zachary Silver, with additional scoring, mixing and mastering 562 00:30:00,236 --> 00:30:04,956 Speaker 1: by Evan Beola. Special thanks to Milabelle, Heather Faine, John Schnars, 563 00:30:05,156 --> 00:30:09,796 Speaker 1: Carli Migliori, Christina Sullivan, Grant Haynes, Maggie Taylor, Eric Sandler, 564 00:30:09,996 --> 00:30:14,876 Speaker 1: Nicole Mrano, Royston Preserve, Jacob Weisberg, and my agent Ben Davis. 565 00:30:15,756 --> 00:30:18,316 Speaker 1: The Happiness Lab is brought to you by Pushkin Industries 566 00:30:18,396 --> 00:30:22,276 Speaker 1: and me doctor Laurie Santos. To find more Pushkin podcasts, 567 00:30:22,436 --> 00:30:25,836 Speaker 1: listen on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 568 00:30:25,876 --> 00:30:27,036 Speaker 1: listen to your podcasts.