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When 28 00:01:50,600 --> 00:01:54,240 Speaker 1: Jack Parsons first heard the name Alista Crowley, he could 29 00:01:54,280 --> 00:01:57,080 Speaker 1: scarcely have known how much it would change his life. 30 00:01:57,760 --> 00:02:00,559 Speaker 1: But who was the man once dubbed the wickedest man 31 00:02:00,760 --> 00:02:04,919 Speaker 1: in the world. With Part two of We Are the Witchcraft, 32 00:02:05,120 --> 00:02:08,360 Speaker 1: due out on Tuesday, April third, we take a look 33 00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:12,000 Speaker 1: back at two of the more extraordinary moments of Crowley's life. 34 00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:21,400 Speaker 1: The story of Bleskin House is inseparable from that of 35 00:02:21,440 --> 00:02:25,600 Speaker 1: his most infamous former resident, Alista Crowley. It was a 36 00:02:25,680 --> 00:02:29,200 Speaker 1: very particular journey that brought Crowley to Bleskin, and it 37 00:02:29,280 --> 00:02:32,359 Speaker 1: begins a short time before midnight on the twelfth of 38 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:39,800 Speaker 1: October eighteen seventy five, with his birth in Royal Leamington, Spa, England. Crowley, 39 00:02:40,000 --> 00:02:43,200 Speaker 1: who was christened Edward Alexander, was the first of two 40 00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:47,040 Speaker 1: children born to Edward and Emily Crowley. Their second, a 41 00:02:47,120 --> 00:02:50,560 Speaker 1: baby girl, would arrive five years later, but would tragically 42 00:02:50,600 --> 00:02:55,760 Speaker 1: die after only five hours of life. The family was 43 00:02:55,800 --> 00:02:59,040 Speaker 1: devoutly religious and belonged to a Christian sect known as 44 00:02:59,040 --> 00:03:03,080 Speaker 1: the Plymouth Breath. The sect were renowned for their belief 45 00:03:03,160 --> 00:03:05,919 Speaker 1: in the literal truth of the Bible and their puritanical 46 00:03:05,960 --> 00:03:10,400 Speaker 1: attitude towards sin and the dangers of temptation. It was 47 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:13,880 Speaker 1: into this deeply rigid and conservative environment that Crowley was 48 00:03:13,880 --> 00:03:17,880 Speaker 1: brought up, an environment which many believe contributed to his 49 00:03:17,960 --> 00:03:23,360 Speaker 1: utter rejection of all such beliefs in later life. Owing 50 00:03:23,360 --> 00:03:27,639 Speaker 1: to his share in the lucrative family brewing business, Crowley's father, Edward, 51 00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:30,359 Speaker 1: had been able to take an early retirement, and as 52 00:03:30,400 --> 00:03:33,360 Speaker 1: such divided most of his time between his family and 53 00:03:33,520 --> 00:03:38,040 Speaker 1: volunteering as a traveling preacher for the sect. Despite the 54 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:43,080 Speaker 1: socially claustrophobic upbringing and unhappy childhood, Crowley was utterly devoted 55 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:48,400 Speaker 1: to Edward. In March eighteen eighty seven, Crowley was devastated 56 00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:51,000 Speaker 1: when his father died after a short battle with cancer. 57 00:03:51,920 --> 00:03:55,200 Speaker 1: The young Alister was only eleven years old, and the 58 00:03:55,320 --> 00:03:57,920 Speaker 1: death would prove to be a significant turning point in 59 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:02,320 Speaker 1: his life. Crowley's sorrow at the loss of his father 60 00:04:02,800 --> 00:04:06,080 Speaker 1: soon morphed into anger. That Crowley began attacking the very 61 00:04:06,120 --> 00:04:09,440 Speaker 1: thing that had made his life such a misery, rejecting 62 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:15,040 Speaker 1: what he saw as the zealous and authoritarian scourge of Christianity. 63 00:04:15,800 --> 00:04:18,279 Speaker 1: In the years that followed, it would seem that Crowley 64 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:21,480 Speaker 1: had developed a pathological yearning to commit the sins he 65 00:04:21,520 --> 00:04:26,159 Speaker 1: had so studiously been warned against. He started to experiment sexually, 66 00:04:26,640 --> 00:04:30,320 Speaker 1: dabbled with debauchery, and took any opportunity to point out 67 00:04:30,480 --> 00:04:33,320 Speaker 1: what he considered to be the many inconsistencies in the 68 00:04:33,400 --> 00:04:38,279 Speaker 1: Bible to anyone who would listen. Crowley had the sense 69 00:04:38,360 --> 00:04:41,039 Speaker 1: that he was searching for something, but it wasn't until 70 00:04:41,040 --> 00:04:44,160 Speaker 1: he arrived at Cambridge University that the pieces began to 71 00:04:44,200 --> 00:04:50,000 Speaker 1: shift into place. At some point, Crowley had become interested 72 00:04:50,080 --> 00:04:53,520 Speaker 1: in the occult, in particular the study of ritual magic, 73 00:04:54,120 --> 00:04:57,039 Speaker 1: an enthusiasm that was piqued after he read A. E. 74 00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:01,799 Speaker 1: Waits's The Book of Black Magic and Pacts, an acute 75 00:05:01,839 --> 00:05:05,080 Speaker 1: interest in alchemy brought him into contact with British chemist 76 00:05:05,160 --> 00:05:09,520 Speaker 1: and occultist George Cecil Jones, who in turn introduced Crowley 77 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:14,200 Speaker 1: to the hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The Order 78 00:05:14,240 --> 00:05:17,160 Speaker 1: had been established in eighteen eighty eight and was led 79 00:05:17,200 --> 00:05:22,479 Speaker 1: by the charismatic Samuel Liddell McGregor Mathis. Some of you 80 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:25,080 Speaker 1: may remember that it was to Mathis that the Alpha 81 00:05:25,120 --> 00:05:28,359 Speaker 1: and Omega group had stayed faithful, the same group to 82 00:05:28,400 --> 00:05:32,320 Speaker 1: which Netta Fornario had belonged before her death under mysterious 83 00:05:32,320 --> 00:05:37,240 Speaker 1: circumstances in nineteen twenty nine, As we explored in Episode one, 84 00:05:38,560 --> 00:05:42,119 Speaker 1: after graduation and with the luxury of his family's brewing 85 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:46,120 Speaker 1: dynasty inheritance, Crowley was able to untether himself from the 86 00:05:46,240 --> 00:05:50,159 Speaker 1: usual constraints of life. As such, he was free to 87 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:54,280 Speaker 1: throw himself into his new and burgeoning obsession of ritual magic. 88 00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:09,120 Speaker 1: A year after leaving Cambridge, Crowley had moved into a 89 00:06:09,200 --> 00:06:12,880 Speaker 1: luxury London flat in Chancery Lane and had hired fellow 90 00:06:12,880 --> 00:06:16,960 Speaker 1: Golden Dawn member Alan Bennett to become his personal magic tutor. 91 00:06:18,160 --> 00:06:21,960 Speaker 1: It was Bennett who formerly introduced Crowley to ceremonial magic 92 00:06:22,240 --> 00:06:26,520 Speaker 1: and the ritual use of drugs, but most importantly to 93 00:06:26,600 --> 00:06:30,640 Speaker 1: the rituals of the Goetia, the practice of invoking what 94 00:06:30,760 --> 00:06:36,120 Speaker 1: are commonly known as angels and demons, in particular the 95 00:06:36,240 --> 00:06:39,359 Speaker 1: urs Goetia, as found in the opening section of the 96 00:06:39,400 --> 00:06:44,279 Speaker 1: seventeenth century Grimoire The Lesser Key of Solomon, a Grimoire 97 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:49,720 Speaker 1: being another term for a book of magic spells. Maths 98 00:06:49,839 --> 00:06:52,880 Speaker 1: was impressed by Crowley's dedication and rapid rise through the 99 00:06:52,960 --> 00:06:55,760 Speaker 1: various grades of the Golden Dawn, and the two became 100 00:06:55,839 --> 00:07:00,280 Speaker 1: close friends, but Crowley was growing increasingly frustrated with the movement. 101 00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:05,080 Speaker 1: His frustration was in part due to the reticence that 102 00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:08,560 Speaker 1: some of the more established members had about Crowley's membership. 103 00:07:09,160 --> 00:07:11,880 Speaker 1: In what was quite a rarity for the time, Crowley 104 00:07:12,000 --> 00:07:15,560 Speaker 1: was openly bisexual, a state of affairs that many members 105 00:07:15,640 --> 00:07:20,080 Speaker 1: sadly found uncomfortable. But what irked Crowley more than anything 106 00:07:20,480 --> 00:07:22,920 Speaker 1: was what he considered to be the inherent phoniness of 107 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:26,840 Speaker 1: the group, peopled as it was by many esteemed intellects 108 00:07:26,880 --> 00:07:30,480 Speaker 1: of the day such as W. B. Yates and Brown Stoker. 109 00:07:30,960 --> 00:07:33,480 Speaker 1: Crowley felt that they were merely playing at magic, and 110 00:07:33,560 --> 00:07:37,280 Speaker 1: treated the organization as little more than a glorified salon. 111 00:07:38,080 --> 00:07:40,840 Speaker 1: In what would later become a feature of Crowley's life, 112 00:07:41,400 --> 00:07:45,200 Speaker 1: he wanted more and to go further than anyone had 113 00:07:45,240 --> 00:07:51,200 Speaker 1: gone before. In eighteen ninety eight, Mathers introduced Crowley to 114 00:07:51,280 --> 00:07:55,000 Speaker 1: a strange nimistical text called The Secret Book of abramel 115 00:07:55,040 --> 00:07:58,520 Speaker 1: and Magic. The book, which is said to date back 116 00:07:58,560 --> 00:08:02,000 Speaker 1: to the fifteenth century, recounts the story of an Egyptian 117 00:08:02,040 --> 00:08:06,480 Speaker 1: carbalistic magician known as Abramelum the Mage and his pupil, 118 00:08:06,800 --> 00:08:12,920 Speaker 1: Abraham of Vorms in Germany. As the story goes, Abraham 119 00:08:13,160 --> 00:08:15,960 Speaker 1: found the Maide living in the desert outside a Ratchi, 120 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:20,160 Speaker 1: an Egyptian town near the River Nile. After agreeing to 121 00:08:20,160 --> 00:08:22,680 Speaker 1: serve and fear the Lord and to live and die 122 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:26,720 Speaker 1: in his most holy Law, Abraham was instructed by Abramelin 123 00:08:26,880 --> 00:08:30,240 Speaker 1: in the divine science and true magic embedded within the 124 00:08:30,280 --> 00:08:35,600 Speaker 1: two manuscripts. Abraham was warned only to pass this knowledge 125 00:08:35,600 --> 00:08:39,280 Speaker 1: on to those he knew well and trusted, but now 126 00:08:39,559 --> 00:08:44,920 Speaker 1: it was in the hands of Alister Crowley. Crucially, the 127 00:08:44,960 --> 00:08:48,679 Speaker 1: book describes an elaborate ritual known as the Abramelin Operation, 128 00:08:49,160 --> 00:08:53,240 Speaker 1: designed to conjure up the magician's guardian angel. It became 129 00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:55,520 Speaker 1: clear to Crowley that this was the next step that 130 00:08:55,559 --> 00:08:59,520 Speaker 1: he must take in his path to complete enlightenment. It 131 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:02,360 Speaker 1: is a path that many believed to have led to 132 00:09:02,440 --> 00:09:20,320 Speaker 1: fatal consequences. Not wanting to leave anything to chance, the 133 00:09:20,360 --> 00:09:23,600 Speaker 1: well healed, Crowley embarked on a lengthy undertaking to find 134 00:09:23,640 --> 00:09:27,720 Speaker 1: the ideal location for the operation. As Crowley later wrote, 135 00:09:28,160 --> 00:09:31,840 Speaker 1: the house must be in a more or less secluded situation. 136 00:09:32,360 --> 00:09:34,880 Speaker 1: There should be a door opening to the north from 137 00:09:34,880 --> 00:09:37,840 Speaker 1: the room of which you make your oratory. Outside this 138 00:09:37,960 --> 00:09:41,360 Speaker 1: door you construct a terrace covered with fine river sand. 139 00:09:41,960 --> 00:09:45,000 Speaker 1: This ends in a lodge where the spirits may congregate. 140 00:09:46,640 --> 00:09:49,440 Speaker 1: A year after searching, Crowley had failed to find the 141 00:09:49,480 --> 00:09:53,800 Speaker 1: perfect location. That was until he found himself traveling into 142 00:09:53,800 --> 00:09:56,840 Speaker 1: the highlands of Scotland along the haunting shores of the 143 00:09:56,920 --> 00:10:02,120 Speaker 1: majestic Lochness. A short time later, Crowley arrived at a 144 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:05,000 Speaker 1: small grave site by the side of the road overlooking 145 00:10:05,040 --> 00:10:09,320 Speaker 1: the loch. There, perched a short distance up the hill 146 00:10:09,600 --> 00:10:12,800 Speaker 1: overlooking the graveyard, he saw it for the first time, 147 00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:18,440 Speaker 1: the house that would forever become synonymous with his name, Bleskin, 148 00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:24,400 Speaker 1: the single floored mansion located on the eastern shore of 149 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:27,400 Speaker 1: Loch Ness, was built in the late eighteenth century by 150 00:10:27,440 --> 00:10:30,880 Speaker 1: a Colonel Archibald Fraser. It is not clear what exactly 151 00:10:30,880 --> 00:10:34,719 Speaker 1: brought Crowley to Bleskin, though the filmmaker and Crowley aficionado 152 00:10:35,000 --> 00:10:37,679 Speaker 1: Kenneth Anger has pointed out that he may have been 153 00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:40,920 Speaker 1: drawn to the name and its similarity to Baal, the 154 00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:44,840 Speaker 1: Canaan god of gods, later remodeled as the lord of flies. 155 00:10:45,120 --> 00:10:49,520 Speaker 1: In the Old Testament, Bal is represented by the symbol 156 00:10:49,559 --> 00:10:53,120 Speaker 1: of the bull, the word Boal from Bleskin, being an 157 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:58,120 Speaker 1: ancient Scottish form of the same animal. Others believe, however, 158 00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:01,840 Speaker 1: that Crowley had in some way been preternaturally drawn to 159 00:11:01,920 --> 00:11:05,600 Speaker 1: the house. It was said that a medieval church had 160 00:11:05,600 --> 00:11:09,280 Speaker 1: once stood on the same site. One morning, with the 161 00:11:09,280 --> 00:11:15,040 Speaker 1: congregation inside, the church mysteriously caught fire. As the congregation 162 00:11:15,120 --> 00:11:20,400 Speaker 1: rushed to escape, they found themselves inexplicably trapped inside. Unable 163 00:11:20,440 --> 00:11:23,840 Speaker 1: to escape, they perished as the church burnt steadily to 164 00:11:23,960 --> 00:11:29,160 Speaker 1: the ground. Had something of the event remained, something that 165 00:11:29,240 --> 00:11:33,280 Speaker 1: Crowley was eager to tap into. It is also said 166 00:11:33,360 --> 00:11:36,720 Speaker 1: that the graveyard itself was once a meeting point for witches. 167 00:11:37,880 --> 00:11:40,200 Speaker 1: Reports of a tunnel leading from the house to the 168 00:11:40,240 --> 00:11:42,720 Speaker 1: grave site, which some claim to have been used by 169 00:11:42,720 --> 00:11:49,600 Speaker 1: Crowley to conduct his own nighttime rituals, remain unsubstantiated. So 170 00:11:49,640 --> 00:11:52,800 Speaker 1: convinced was Crowley of the house's suitability that in August 171 00:11:52,880 --> 00:11:55,680 Speaker 1: eighteen ninety nine, he paid more than twice its value 172 00:11:55,679 --> 00:12:00,640 Speaker 1: to secure the property. A short time later, he relocated 173 00:12:00,679 --> 00:12:15,800 Speaker 1: his possessions and began preparing for the great Operation. It 174 00:12:15,880 --> 00:12:18,480 Speaker 1: is important at this point to draw the distinction between 175 00:12:18,480 --> 00:12:21,600 Speaker 1: what many see as Crowley's unhealthy obsession with black magic 176 00:12:21,640 --> 00:12:24,960 Speaker 1: and satanism, and what, in reality, it was that Crowley 177 00:12:25,000 --> 00:12:28,080 Speaker 1: hoped to achieve. Whether there is a truth to it 178 00:12:28,200 --> 00:12:31,320 Speaker 1: or not, Crowley's intention and the sole purpose of the 179 00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:34,960 Speaker 1: ritual was to seek knowledge and conversation with his own 180 00:12:35,040 --> 00:12:39,120 Speaker 1: personal guardian angel. It is, by all accounts, a ritual 181 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:43,480 Speaker 1: to invoke positive change, a force for good, but there 182 00:12:43,559 --> 00:12:47,360 Speaker 1: was one glaringly large catch. In order to do this, 183 00:12:47,840 --> 00:12:50,240 Speaker 1: Crowley would have to invoke and then bring under his 184 00:12:50,320 --> 00:12:56,040 Speaker 1: control the twelve Kings of Hell before beginning the ritual, 185 00:12:56,320 --> 00:12:59,280 Speaker 1: which required him to start in Easter. Crowley spent the 186 00:12:59,280 --> 00:13:03,239 Speaker 1: intervening month entertaining guests and readying the property in preparation 187 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:06,720 Speaker 1: for the ceremony. The final stage was to cover the 188 00:13:06,760 --> 00:13:11,000 Speaker 1: outdoor terrace in a fine river sand. The reason was simple. 189 00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:14,600 Speaker 1: It was so Crowley could see the feat marks of 190 00:13:14,640 --> 00:13:19,400 Speaker 1: the spirits and demons he was about to invoke. The 191 00:13:19,520 --> 00:13:23,800 Speaker 1: ritual was to last six months and required the utmost conviction. 192 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:27,199 Speaker 1: It would require him to live off little more than 193 00:13:27,240 --> 00:13:30,480 Speaker 1: bread and water, and to wait regularly at three am 194 00:13:30,640 --> 00:13:34,920 Speaker 1: to begin the invocations. Chastity had to be observed at 195 00:13:34,960 --> 00:13:39,160 Speaker 1: all times, and complete abstinence was paramount for the free 196 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:43,880 Speaker 1: spirited Crowley. That in itself would have proved a tall order. However, 197 00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:46,680 Speaker 1: as the winter snow of eighteen ninety nine began to 198 00:13:46,760 --> 00:13:50,360 Speaker 1: thaw and with it past the season of death, new 199 00:13:50,400 --> 00:13:54,800 Speaker 1: life was bursting forth throughout the surrounding hills. Spring had 200 00:13:54,840 --> 00:13:59,160 Speaker 1: finally arrived, and Crowley's dedication had not faulted. The time 201 00:13:59,200 --> 00:14:06,880 Speaker 1: had come to begin the ritual. Are you always taking 202 00:14:06,920 --> 00:14:09,320 Speaker 1: care of your family? Do you often take care of 203 00:14:09,360 --> 00:14:12,360 Speaker 1: others and not yourself? Now it's time to take care 204 00:14:12,440 --> 00:14:15,839 Speaker 1: of yourself, to make time for you you deserve it. 205 00:14:16,360 --> 00:14:19,680 Speaker 1: TELEDOC gives you access to a licensed therapist to help 206 00:14:19,680 --> 00:14:22,240 Speaker 1: you get back to feeling your best to feeling like 207 00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:26,360 Speaker 1: yourself again. With teledoc, you can speak to a licensed 208 00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:30,440 Speaker 1: therapist by phone or video. 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That's teladoc dot com slash Unexplained Podcast. Crowley 218 00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:19,960 Speaker 1: began by preparing the talismans that were essential for the operation. 219 00:15:20,840 --> 00:15:23,400 Speaker 1: The talismans, which can be found at the back of 220 00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:26,080 Speaker 1: the Book of Abramelon, are a set of magic word 221 00:15:26,120 --> 00:15:29,480 Speaker 1: squares required to bring the twelve kings of Hell into order. 222 00:15:31,120 --> 00:15:33,240 Speaker 1: Crowley had moved to the brightest room in the house 223 00:15:33,360 --> 00:15:36,960 Speaker 1: to best complete the task. The room, located at the 224 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:40,000 Speaker 1: front of the house, overlooked the terrace and down to 225 00:15:40,080 --> 00:15:45,800 Speaker 1: the dark and still lockness beyond, Crowley cut the squares 226 00:15:45,880 --> 00:15:48,920 Speaker 1: from the material vellum, and as a bright sun flooded 227 00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:51,760 Speaker 1: the room with light, he began to inscribe the squares 228 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:57,720 Speaker 1: with Indian ink. When something strange happened, Despite the clear skies, 229 00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:01,200 Speaker 1: the room began to darken, until the light had been 230 00:16:01,240 --> 00:16:05,800 Speaker 1: almost entirely extinguished. From this point on, Crowley was required 231 00:16:05,840 --> 00:16:07,960 Speaker 1: to use a large array of candles to keep the 232 00:16:08,040 --> 00:16:12,640 Speaker 1: room alight even during the brightest times of day. With 233 00:16:12,680 --> 00:16:16,000 Speaker 1: everything in order, Crowley embarked on his sixth month odyssey. 234 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:20,440 Speaker 1: Almost immediately he received confirmation that he was on the 235 00:16:20,520 --> 00:16:24,040 Speaker 1: right path as he began to chant in the room. 236 00:16:24,560 --> 00:16:28,160 Speaker 1: Even with all its artificial light, it again began to darken, 237 00:16:28,720 --> 00:16:31,960 Speaker 1: while all around the lodge and terrace became peopled with 238 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:37,160 Speaker 1: shadowy shapes, or, as Crowley writes, the demons and evil 239 00:16:37,200 --> 00:16:40,360 Speaker 1: forces had congregated round me so thickly that they were 240 00:16:40,360 --> 00:16:44,360 Speaker 1: shutting off the light. A number of friends had declined 241 00:16:44,360 --> 00:16:47,840 Speaker 1: to visit Crowley, believing he was going too far meddling 242 00:16:47,840 --> 00:16:52,720 Speaker 1: with things he couldn't understand, let alone control. The grimoire 243 00:16:52,800 --> 00:16:55,880 Speaker 1: itself begins with the warning not to attempt any of 244 00:16:55,920 --> 00:17:00,240 Speaker 1: the magic contained. Within only a few weeks into the operation, 245 00:17:00,640 --> 00:17:07,360 Speaker 1: already there were ominous stirrings. One acquaintance named Russia, lasted 246 00:17:07,400 --> 00:17:11,480 Speaker 1: only two weeks before terror forced him to flee Crowley 247 00:17:11,720 --> 00:17:14,840 Speaker 1: coming down to breakfast one day, only to be informed 248 00:17:14,880 --> 00:17:17,480 Speaker 1: that Russia had taken the first boat to in Vaness 249 00:17:17,720 --> 00:17:23,280 Speaker 1: that morning. At one point, Crowley returned to Boleskin one 250 00:17:23,320 --> 00:17:26,600 Speaker 1: afternoon to find a Catholic priest waiting for him in 251 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:30,240 Speaker 1: his study. The priest informed him that the day before 252 00:17:30,520 --> 00:17:33,879 Speaker 1: his lodge keeper, who had not touched alcohol for twenty years, 253 00:17:34,320 --> 00:17:37,320 Speaker 1: had come home raving drunk and attempted to murder his 254 00:17:37,359 --> 00:17:42,600 Speaker 1: wife and children. Already, it would seem that the ritual, 255 00:17:42,800 --> 00:17:46,920 Speaker 1: despite being a very personal pursuit, was provoking forces beyond 256 00:17:47,040 --> 00:17:52,080 Speaker 1: Crowley's control. Although it may not have been going well 257 00:17:52,119 --> 00:17:55,000 Speaker 1: for those around him, the ritual seemed to be working 258 00:17:55,000 --> 00:18:00,320 Speaker 1: for Crowley. But all that was about to change. Barely 259 00:18:00,320 --> 00:18:03,439 Speaker 1: two months in, Crowley received a letter from Samuel Mathis 260 00:18:03,880 --> 00:18:08,480 Speaker 1: requesting Crowley's immediate assistance. In Crowley's absence, the Order of 261 00:18:08,480 --> 00:18:12,040 Speaker 1: the Golden Dawn had fractured into two opposing schools of thought, 262 00:18:12,240 --> 00:18:15,679 Speaker 1: with Maths believing he was in great danger of being usurped. 263 00:18:16,359 --> 00:18:19,280 Speaker 1: Despite only being part way through the ritual, Crowley felt 264 00:18:19,280 --> 00:18:23,159 Speaker 1: compelled to offer his assistance. Immediately, he packed his bags 265 00:18:23,359 --> 00:18:26,760 Speaker 1: and headed straight to London, and with that the magic 266 00:18:26,840 --> 00:18:40,879 Speaker 1: ritual was broken. It had been Crowley's intention to return 267 00:18:40,920 --> 00:18:43,399 Speaker 1: and complete the spell, but with one thing leading to 268 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:46,960 Speaker 1: another in the summer of nineteen hundred, Crowley instead moved 269 00:18:47,000 --> 00:18:53,000 Speaker 1: to Mexico. The ritual remained incomplete. As Kenneth Anger notes, 270 00:18:53,480 --> 00:18:56,119 Speaker 1: if you invoke spirits to help you or teach you, 271 00:18:56,640 --> 00:18:59,840 Speaker 1: there is something that has to be done afterwards. They 272 00:19:00,119 --> 00:19:05,119 Speaker 1: must be banished. But Crowley never did that. It is 273 00:19:05,119 --> 00:19:08,560 Speaker 1: said that soon after a dark cloud appeared over the 274 00:19:08,600 --> 00:19:12,800 Speaker 1: house that failed to disperse for many months. Locals refused 275 00:19:12,800 --> 00:19:15,439 Speaker 1: to go by the house, instead preferring to travel the 276 00:19:15,600 --> 00:19:19,680 Speaker 1: entire circumference of the lock rather than pass it. As 277 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:22,439 Speaker 1: for Crowley, there are some who believe that failure to 278 00:19:22,440 --> 00:19:25,920 Speaker 1: complete the ritual left him dangerously open to demonic possession, 279 00:19:26,680 --> 00:19:29,400 Speaker 1: that the twelve Kings of Hell may well have somehow 280 00:19:29,440 --> 00:19:32,960 Speaker 1: found their way inside him, using him for their own purpose. 281 00:19:34,040 --> 00:19:36,880 Speaker 1: Some consider what later became a Crowley to be directly 282 00:19:36,920 --> 00:19:42,080 Speaker 1: linked to this moment. After breaking off the ritual, Crowley 283 00:19:42,080 --> 00:19:45,360 Speaker 1: spent some time in Paris with his friend Samuel Mathers, 284 00:19:45,440 --> 00:19:49,520 Speaker 1: only for their relationship to ultimately turn sour. He returned 285 00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:52,400 Speaker 1: to Scotland and became friendly with a young painter known 286 00:19:52,440 --> 00:19:56,040 Speaker 1: as Gerald Kelly. Kelly would later be known as Sir 287 00:19:56,160 --> 00:20:01,600 Speaker 1: Gerald Kelly, President of the Royal Academy. After spending some 288 00:20:01,680 --> 00:20:05,119 Speaker 1: time with Kelly at his family home in Strathpeffer in Scotland, 289 00:20:05,680 --> 00:20:09,280 Speaker 1: Crowley met and became close to Gerald's sister, Rose Kelly, 290 00:20:10,080 --> 00:20:15,119 Speaker 1: a widower now betrothed unhappily to another man. In a 291 00:20:15,240 --> 00:20:20,000 Speaker 1: characteristically impulsive gesture, Crowley suggested she married him, toward off 292 00:20:20,040 --> 00:20:24,280 Speaker 1: the unwonted suitor. The pair eloped the following day, on 293 00:20:24,359 --> 00:20:29,280 Speaker 1: August the twelfth, nineteen o three. Despite the apparent flippancy 294 00:20:29,280 --> 00:20:32,320 Speaker 1: of the gesture, it would seem that Crowley, a man 295 00:20:32,359 --> 00:20:35,119 Speaker 1: who had always been enthralled to his own heightened sense 296 00:20:35,119 --> 00:20:39,679 Speaker 1: of sexuality, fell to growing magnetism between them. Reveling in 297 00:20:39,680 --> 00:20:43,320 Speaker 1: the scandalous behavior, Crowley and Rose returned to Boleskin House 298 00:20:43,480 --> 00:20:47,399 Speaker 1: before embarking on an extended honeymoon to Cairo, and it 299 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:52,600 Speaker 1: is there that the story takes a peculiar turn. After 300 00:20:52,720 --> 00:20:55,320 Speaker 1: arriving in Cairo. In what had become a feature of 301 00:20:55,359 --> 00:21:00,199 Speaker 1: Crowley's life, Alister adopted the pseudonym Prince Choya Khan. The 302 00:21:00,280 --> 00:21:03,320 Speaker 1: pair took up residence in an apartment which Crowley had 303 00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:07,440 Speaker 1: had partially converted to mimic an Egyptian temple. They told 304 00:21:07,480 --> 00:21:10,120 Speaker 1: all who cared to listen that they had been granted 305 00:21:10,200 --> 00:21:14,120 Speaker 1: the rank of prince and princess by an unnamed Eastern sultan. 306 00:21:15,840 --> 00:21:18,920 Speaker 1: At some time, Crowley attempted a ritual for the benefit 307 00:21:18,920 --> 00:21:22,040 Speaker 1: of Rose, who was by this point pregnant with Crowley's 308 00:21:22,080 --> 00:21:26,639 Speaker 1: first child. The operation, known as the Bornless Ritual, is 309 00:21:26,640 --> 00:21:30,200 Speaker 1: the preliminary invocation to the ars Goetier, which in turn 310 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:33,880 Speaker 1: forms the first book of the infamous Lesser Key of Solomon. 311 00:21:34,880 --> 00:21:39,000 Speaker 1: The book, also known as the Lemegaton, was compiled anonymously 312 00:21:39,280 --> 00:21:42,800 Speaker 1: sometime in the seventeenth century and is considered a primary 313 00:21:42,800 --> 00:21:47,400 Speaker 1: text of demonology, with the ars Goetier detailing no less 314 00:21:47,400 --> 00:21:52,480 Speaker 1: than seventy two demons for invocation. It is not clear 315 00:21:52,520 --> 00:21:55,880 Speaker 1: exactly what Crowley had intended with the ritual, though some 316 00:21:55,960 --> 00:21:58,800 Speaker 1: suggest he had grown impatient with his new wife and 317 00:21:58,920 --> 00:22:03,120 Speaker 1: had taken to teasing her with his magic obsession. However, 318 00:22:03,520 --> 00:22:07,200 Speaker 1: after a short bout of chanting, Rose began acting strangely. 319 00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:10,960 Speaker 1: She had fallen into some kind of trance and had 320 00:22:11,000 --> 00:22:15,040 Speaker 1: started to mutter something. They are waiting for you, she said. 321 00:22:16,359 --> 00:22:19,800 Speaker 1: The irritated Crowley, who at this point, despite years of trying, 322 00:22:19,920 --> 00:22:22,560 Speaker 1: had never actually made contact with any of the spirits 323 00:22:22,600 --> 00:22:25,560 Speaker 1: he had tried to invoke, demanded to know who Rose 324 00:22:25,640 --> 00:22:30,000 Speaker 1: was talking to. It was the ancient Egyptian god Horace, 325 00:22:30,160 --> 00:22:33,840 Speaker 1: she replied. She told Crowley he had offended the god. 326 00:22:35,560 --> 00:22:39,280 Speaker 1: An incredulous Crowley took Rose immediately to the nearby Bulak 327 00:22:39,440 --> 00:22:43,159 Speaker 1: Museum now known as the Egyptian Museum of Antiquities to 328 00:22:43,280 --> 00:22:46,359 Speaker 1: identify the deity she claimed to be in communication with. 329 00:22:47,800 --> 00:22:51,600 Speaker 1: Arriving shortly after at the museum, Rose proceeded to lead 330 00:22:51,640 --> 00:22:55,040 Speaker 1: Crowley past a number of holy and ancient Egyptian artifacts 331 00:22:55,480 --> 00:22:57,959 Speaker 1: before finally coming to a stop in front of an 332 00:22:58,000 --> 00:23:03,399 Speaker 1: intricately decorated piece of wood known as a steely. More precisely, 333 00:23:03,640 --> 00:23:06,920 Speaker 1: it was the Steely of Revealing and dated from around 334 00:23:06,960 --> 00:23:11,639 Speaker 1: six hundred and eighty BC. Sure enough, the beautiful piece 335 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:14,639 Speaker 1: of funerary art on the right hand side depicts a 336 00:23:14,680 --> 00:23:18,439 Speaker 1: recently deceased priest making an offering to the falcon headed 337 00:23:18,440 --> 00:23:22,480 Speaker 1: god Ra Harakhti, an amalgamation of the sun god Ra 338 00:23:23,080 --> 00:23:27,879 Speaker 1: and Horace Rose, at least to Crowley's mind, seemed to 339 00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:32,040 Speaker 1: be telling the truth. Crowley was convinced further when he 340 00:23:32,080 --> 00:23:34,880 Speaker 1: looked down to find the exhibition number of the artifact. 341 00:23:36,320 --> 00:23:47,880 Speaker 1: The number was six six, six six sixty six, as 342 00:23:47,920 --> 00:23:50,479 Speaker 1: many will know, is equated with the number of the Beast, 343 00:23:50,760 --> 00:23:54,160 Speaker 1: as depicted in the Book of Revelation. The number has 344 00:23:54,160 --> 00:23:57,560 Speaker 1: become synonymous with the Antichrist and Satan and all their 345 00:23:57,640 --> 00:24:01,840 Speaker 1: dark and evil connotations. To Crowley, however, it meant something 346 00:24:01,880 --> 00:24:05,520 Speaker 1: a little different. It was Crowley's mother who first labeled 347 00:24:05,600 --> 00:24:09,120 Speaker 1: him the Beast, presumably in reaction to a young Crowley's 348 00:24:09,160 --> 00:24:14,040 Speaker 1: burgeoning rejection of the family's Puritanical beliefs. To Crowley, it 349 00:24:14,080 --> 00:24:16,360 Speaker 1: was a label that he would gleefully come to embrace. 350 00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:20,879 Speaker 1: To some, it was evidence of Crowley's innate wickedness, but 351 00:24:21,040 --> 00:24:23,840 Speaker 1: for others it spoke of nothing more than his refusal 352 00:24:23,840 --> 00:24:26,800 Speaker 1: to accept what he saw as the arbitrary labels and 353 00:24:26,920 --> 00:24:31,160 Speaker 1: morals of the Christian faith. The Moniker served ultimately as 354 00:24:31,160 --> 00:24:34,560 Speaker 1: a symbol of Crowley's core belief, a belief that was 355 00:24:34,600 --> 00:24:38,320 Speaker 1: soon to be articulated in the most extraordinary of circumstances. 356 00:24:40,680 --> 00:24:43,399 Speaker 1: After the visit to the museum, the couple returned to 357 00:24:43,440 --> 00:24:46,560 Speaker 1: their Cairo apartment, where Rose is believed to have instructed 358 00:24:46,600 --> 00:24:50,920 Speaker 1: Crowley on how to communicate with Horace. On April eighth, 359 00:24:51,040 --> 00:24:54,600 Speaker 1: nineteen o four, Crowley commenced a new ritual, now under 360 00:24:54,600 --> 00:24:58,320 Speaker 1: the guidance of Rose. A short time later, he heard 361 00:24:58,359 --> 00:25:01,320 Speaker 1: a voice that seemed to become from behind his shoulder. 362 00:25:02,440 --> 00:25:05,720 Speaker 1: Crowley later claimed the voice belonged to an entity known 363 00:25:05,760 --> 00:25:08,959 Speaker 1: as I Was, who presented itself as none other than 364 00:25:09,040 --> 00:25:13,480 Speaker 1: Crowley's own guardian angel, the same entity with which he 365 00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:18,000 Speaker 1: had been trying to communicate in Bleskan House. I Was 366 00:25:18,240 --> 00:25:21,000 Speaker 1: told Crowley that he was the messenger of Horace, and 367 00:25:21,119 --> 00:25:24,359 Speaker 1: instructed Alister to be ready at twelve noon every day 368 00:25:24,520 --> 00:25:27,199 Speaker 1: for the next three days in order to receive his 369 00:25:27,280 --> 00:25:31,960 Speaker 1: word sure enough. Over the course of the next three days, 370 00:25:32,280 --> 00:25:35,040 Speaker 1: I Was, as believed to have returned to speak to Crowley, 371 00:25:35,160 --> 00:25:38,080 Speaker 1: who in turn wrote down every word that he received. 372 00:25:39,280 --> 00:25:42,200 Speaker 1: When the three days were over, Crowley had before him 373 00:25:42,280 --> 00:25:46,720 Speaker 1: the document that would become his true legacy. The book 374 00:25:46,960 --> 00:25:51,240 Speaker 1: was titled Liber l l Legis, or the Book of 375 00:25:51,280 --> 00:25:56,560 Speaker 1: the Law. Regardless of your belief or its true provenance, 376 00:25:57,000 --> 00:26:00,800 Speaker 1: the text is a fascinating document which sets out's ideas 377 00:26:00,920 --> 00:26:03,480 Speaker 1: for a brand new religion that he would later come 378 00:26:03,480 --> 00:26:09,000 Speaker 1: to call Thelema, which is still followed and practiced today. 379 00:26:09,520 --> 00:26:12,600 Speaker 1: As the author Colin Wilson points out, there is nothing 380 00:26:12,640 --> 00:26:16,160 Speaker 1: particularly original about the text, comparing it as he does, 381 00:26:16,280 --> 00:26:19,720 Speaker 1: to the far Superior Man and Superman by George Bernard Shaw, 382 00:26:20,359 --> 00:26:23,320 Speaker 1: as well as pointing out its clear indebtedness to the 383 00:26:23,320 --> 00:26:27,760 Speaker 1: philosophy of Nietzsche. However, it does suggest that Crowley was 384 00:26:27,800 --> 00:26:32,639 Speaker 1: more than the brainless charlatan his detractors would have him be. Certainly, 385 00:26:32,680 --> 00:26:35,680 Speaker 1: for Crowley at least, the text was nothing less than 386 00:26:35,720 --> 00:26:39,399 Speaker 1: the Bible for his new religion, an attempt to obliterate 387 00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:43,200 Speaker 1: the reigning monotheistic religions and usher in a new epoch 388 00:26:43,240 --> 00:26:48,080 Speaker 1: for man, one based on liberation without restriction, and one 389 00:26:48,119 --> 00:26:50,960 Speaker 1: that above all implored people to follow their own path. 390 00:26:52,200 --> 00:26:54,800 Speaker 1: It is a philosophy perhaps best summed up by the 391 00:26:54,840 --> 00:26:58,439 Speaker 1: book's most famous line, do what thou wilt should be 392 00:26:58,480 --> 00:27:01,960 Speaker 1: the whole of the law, a basic idea that is 393 00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:06,680 Speaker 1: often greatly misunderstood as the justification of selfish or immoral behavior, 394 00:27:07,359 --> 00:27:10,680 Speaker 1: a situation or the more ironic, since what Crowley ultimately 395 00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:13,760 Speaker 1: preached was the complete control of life for one's self, 396 00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:16,440 Speaker 1: and not to have it defined by what other people 397 00:27:16,520 --> 00:27:25,679 Speaker 1: might project onto it. In the years that followed on 398 00:27:25,800 --> 00:27:27,840 Speaker 1: from the Cairo trip, it is fair to say that 399 00:27:27,920 --> 00:27:31,720 Speaker 1: Crowley lived a fairly colorful life, the extent to which 400 00:27:31,800 --> 00:27:34,040 Speaker 1: will not be done justice in the time we have here. 401 00:27:34,680 --> 00:27:37,360 Speaker 1: Suffice to say there are plenty of books and documentaries 402 00:27:37,359 --> 00:27:40,040 Speaker 1: out there for anyone interested in finding out more about 403 00:27:40,080 --> 00:27:43,239 Speaker 1: his life. It is also fair to say that much 404 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:46,080 Speaker 1: of his life was shrouded in controversy, and to many 405 00:27:46,280 --> 00:27:51,040 Speaker 1: some of it will seem unpalatable sadistic. Even his voracious 406 00:27:51,040 --> 00:27:53,960 Speaker 1: commitment to the practice of sex magic and the insanely 407 00:27:54,040 --> 00:27:56,879 Speaker 1: chaotic attempt to form a Thelema community on the island 408 00:27:56,920 --> 00:27:59,520 Speaker 1: of Sicily are just two aspects that come to mind. 409 00:28:00,920 --> 00:28:03,240 Speaker 1: But for me, it all comes back to the Book 410 00:28:03,280 --> 00:28:06,560 Speaker 1: of the Law. Whether you believe that Crowley was blessed 411 00:28:06,560 --> 00:28:09,200 Speaker 1: with genuine magic powers or not, and there are many 412 00:28:09,240 --> 00:28:12,280 Speaker 1: who do, there is something deeply profound at the heart 413 00:28:12,280 --> 00:28:16,000 Speaker 1: of his belief that speaks to us all. For Crowley, 414 00:28:16,600 --> 00:28:19,000 Speaker 1: magic was really just an expression of the power of 415 00:28:19,080 --> 00:28:23,280 Speaker 1: human will, that anybody in a sense could conduct magic, 416 00:28:23,760 --> 00:28:26,400 Speaker 1: providing they had a sufficient control of their own will. 417 00:28:27,600 --> 00:28:30,560 Speaker 1: Crowley's Do What Thou Wilt is a cry to look 418 00:28:30,560 --> 00:28:34,280 Speaker 1: beyond social convention and the narrow definitions with which others 419 00:28:34,359 --> 00:28:37,880 Speaker 1: might attempt to define us, encouraging each of us to 420 00:28:37,920 --> 00:28:40,960 Speaker 1: exercise our right to determine who we are or should 421 00:28:40,960 --> 00:28:44,320 Speaker 1: be on our own terms. It is a reminder that 422 00:28:44,400 --> 00:28:49,200 Speaker 1: no religion, political party, media outlet, or social movement is 423 00:28:49,240 --> 00:28:52,880 Speaker 1: the arbiter of what is and what isn't right, a 424 00:28:52,960 --> 00:28:55,479 Speaker 1: reminder that we should never be afraid to be who 425 00:28:55,560 --> 00:28:57,880 Speaker 1: we want to be in spite of how we feel 426 00:28:57,880 --> 00:29:09,000 Speaker 1: the world might want us to be. If you enjoy 427 00:29:09,040 --> 00:29:12,000 Speaker 1: listening to Unexplained and would like to show your appreciation, 428 00:29:12,440 --> 00:29:15,520 Speaker 1: you can help support us by going to Unexplained podcast 429 00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:19,760 Speaker 1: dot com forward slash support. All donations, no matter how 430 00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:27,920 Speaker 1: large or small, are massively appreciated. 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