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Speaker 1: From Mediator's World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is

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Speaker 1: Kel's we Can review with Ryan kel Kell in now

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Speaker 1: Here's Kel. Following President Trump's public declaration of support last

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Speaker 1: week for permanently funding the popular Land and Water Conservation

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Speaker 1: Fund and addressing the public land's maintenance backlog, a bipartisan

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Speaker 1: group of senators introduced a bill to do just that.

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Speaker 1: S three four two two, the Great American Outdoors Act,

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Speaker 1: introduced March nine, would dedicate the full nine hundred million

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Speaker 1: annually to the Land Water Conservation Fund, as well as

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Speaker 1: providing an additional one point nine billion dollars annually to

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Speaker 1: address massive maintenance backlogs on federal public lands and facilities.

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Speaker 1: Senator Martin Heinrich of New Mexico, one of the original

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Speaker 1: sponsors of the legislation, called it a quote once in

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Speaker 1: a lifetime deal in an exclusive interview with The Meat Eater.

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Speaker 1: The Land and Water Conservation Fund passed in the early sixties,

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Speaker 1: but in recent years the best we've done is to

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Speaker 1: fund it at about half. To have full and permanent funding,

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Speaker 1: this has been the holy grail for a long time,

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Speaker 1: and to pair that up with being able to really

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Speaker 1: address the backlog and trail maintenance and visitor centers and

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Speaker 1: all the other things that are outdoor public lands economy

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Speaker 1: relies on. This is a once in a lifetime opportunity

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Speaker 1: set Senator Heinrich out of New Mexico. The bill already

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Speaker 1: has fifty four co sponsors in the Senate from both parties,

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Speaker 1: again both parties. That is what bipartisan means, and that

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Speaker 1: is what gets things done. As a bonus, Senate Majority

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Speaker 1: Leader Mitch McConnell, who sets the vote sched Joel is

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Speaker 1: a co sponsor of the bill. Many members of the

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Speaker 1: Upper Chamber of Congress are hoping to put the bill

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Speaker 1: to a vote within a week or two. Only six

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Speaker 1: more co sponsors would form a rare supermajority. A supermajority

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Speaker 1: brings with it the possibility of little to Know Florida

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Speaker 1: debate and no ya who's coming out of the woodwork

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Speaker 1: trying to introduce damaging amendments. This bill arrives in the

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Speaker 1: wake of President Trump's tweet in support of the idea

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Speaker 1: and in support of two Republican senators up for reelection.

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Speaker 1: Some see political theater at play here, But if you

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Speaker 1: were on the side of wild lands, wild places and

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Speaker 1: having the ability to enjoy them. Who cares about the theater?

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Speaker 1: We have a rare opportunity for results. Senator Heinrich goes

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Speaker 1: on to say, well, sometimes it's helpful to have an

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Speaker 1: election or two to focus the mind, and I think

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Speaker 1: that may have had some impact on this debate. But

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Speaker 1: whether people's motivations are political or not, this is the

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Speaker 1: right thing to do. I've been fighting these LWCF fights

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Speaker 1: for over twenty years. This is an enormous opportunity and

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Speaker 1: the one way you can get rid of all that

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Speaker 1: issue fatigue is to do the right thing once and

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Speaker 1: for all. Can you imagine not having to fight for

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Speaker 1: the Land and Water Conservation funding every year? No more

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Speaker 1: Old Callahan having to harp on you to call your

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Speaker 1: elected officials, because we actually got it done. The Land

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Speaker 1: and Water Conservation Fund was established in nineteen sixty four

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Speaker 1: to reinvest royalties from offshore oil and gas drilling into

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Speaker 1: public parks, access, and recreation. Those funds have gone into

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Speaker 1: more than forty thousand such projects nationwide. LWCF sunset in

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Speaker 1: two thousand fifteen and again in two thousand eighteen. You know,

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Speaker 1: sunset is a warmer term for letting something laps like

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Speaker 1: I didn't pay my rent. I let my rent sunset anyway.

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Speaker 1: LWCF was then permanently reauthorized last February. The fund accruise

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Speaker 1: up to nine hundred million annually, but that full amount

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Speaker 1: is only being appropriated twice. Typically more than half gets

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Speaker 1: siphoned off for other purposes. There's a new bill will

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Speaker 1: ensure that all of the money goes into conserving land

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Speaker 1: and water resources every year. The National Park Service, which

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Speaker 1: manages many of America's marquee public lands from Yosemite to

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Speaker 1: Yellowstone to Great Smokey Mountain, has accumulated some twelve billion

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Speaker 1: dollars worth of deferred maintenance projects in recent years, from

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Speaker 1: potholed roads to public restrooms. This act would provide one

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Speaker 1: point three billion annually until two thousand twenty five to

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Speaker 1: address these problems. It would also provide two eighty five

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Speaker 1: million dollars annually to the U. S Forest Service for

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Speaker 1: the same kinds of issues, as well as around ninety

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Speaker 1: five million dollars each to the Bureau of Land Management,

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Speaker 1: the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Bureau of

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Speaker 1: Indian Education. Land Tawny, President and CEO of back Country

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Speaker 1: Hunters and Anglers was among the conservation leaders working hard

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Speaker 1: to get maintenance funding for the Forest Service, Fish and

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Speaker 1: Wildlife Service, and BLM included. He said, the Great American

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Speaker 1: Outdoors Act speaks to many of the biggest priorities of

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Speaker 1: the conservation community. Increased to for maintenance funding for these

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Speaker 1: important public land management agencies is widely supported by diverse stakeholders.

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Speaker 1: Together with dedicated LWCF funding, this support for our land

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Speaker 1: managers will offer tangible benefits to our public lands, waters

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Speaker 1: and wildlife, and the outdoor reliant economies, communities and individuals

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Speaker 1: who depend on them. Sportsmen and women thank our Senate

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Speaker 1: leaders for recognizing the crucial importance of these strategic investments.

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Speaker 1: Though introduction in the Senate is a big step forward,

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Speaker 1: nothing is ever guaranteed in Congress. Senator Heinrich goes on

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Speaker 1: to say, I think the scale of this in history

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Speaker 1: is really important, So let's not screw it up. Let's

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Speaker 1: all come together and work together to get this thing

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Speaker 1: across the finish line. It's not done until the ink

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Speaker 1: drives at the White House. People could change their minds.

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Speaker 1: This President has been known to change his mind, so

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Speaker 1: we have to keep the pressure on right to the

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Speaker 1: very end, and that, my friends, is exactly what we

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Speaker 1: need to do. This week's call to action is so important.

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Speaker 1: It is our lead story. I am setting a preliminary

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Speaker 1: goal for all of us listening to this podcast to

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Speaker 1: get only six more co sponsors for the Great American

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Speaker 1: Outdoors Act as three four to two. Call your congressional

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Speaker 1: representatives if they're co sponsoring this bill, thank them. If

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Speaker 1: they're not, ask why not. This is one of the

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Speaker 1: most important pieces of legislation for hunters and anglers in

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Speaker 1: this decade. We might not ever get another chance to

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Speaker 1: achieve these goals. The time is now as simple as

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Speaker 1: I can make it. Type who is my Congressman into

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Speaker 1: the old search bar, You will enter your zip code

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Speaker 1: and you will get your congressional representative email. Call, write

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Speaker 1: a letter. You can also fill out form letters provided

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Speaker 1: by great groups like backcountry Hunters and Anglers. Form letters

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Speaker 1: can do some of the heavy lifting for you, and

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Speaker 1: you don't have to sign up for the conservation organization.

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Speaker 1: But you know you should think about it. This is

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Speaker 1: so important. I am tempted to tell you again, Let's

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Speaker 1: get those additional co sponsors. Let's make the Great American

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Speaker 1: Outdoors Act s three four two to a win. For

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Speaker 1: even more information on this one, check out Sam Longren's

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Speaker 1: fantastic bit of journalism at the meat eater dot com.

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Speaker 1: One last note, when l w CF came on the scene,

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Speaker 1: it passed the Senate one. That's a high bar to beat,

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Speaker 1: but I think we can do it. This week, Hot Lizards,

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Speaker 1: Great Whites. Listener questions more tales from the ice and

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Speaker 1: keeping it local. But first I'm gonna tell you about

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Speaker 1: my week. Well, it has been one heck of a

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Speaker 1: week for you, long time listeners. It may sound a

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Speaker 1: bit repetitive, but this is new I swear. I met

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Speaker 1: up with Garrett Smith and his dad Phil Phil As

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Speaker 1: a former Miles City, Montana semi famous guitar picker who,

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Speaker 1: in my opinion, should have been prevented from leaving the

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Speaker 1: town of Miles City home with the cowboys by the way,

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Speaker 1: on account of the fact that having this genuine and

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Speaker 1: generous music maker as part of your town and tax

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Speaker 1: base generally makes it more superior than the next town over.

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Speaker 1: And you may know Garrett by his nickname and Instagram

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Speaker 1: handle dirt Myth. He has many of his father's attributes,

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Speaker 1: but he also takes amazing pictures in once a road

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Speaker 1: a charging grizzly bear on Alaska's a fog Neck Island. Anyway,

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Speaker 1: I met up with the Smiths and used some motorized

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Speaker 1: back country vehicles to access of frozen lake to camp

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Speaker 1: and fish for a few days. I drove a can

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Speaker 1: am defender with long powder tracks. It's essentially like having

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Speaker 1: a snowmobile strapped to each foot. It's fun and an

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Speaker 1: efficient way to travel across snow. Most importantly, I placed

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Speaker 1: on the windshield of my embarrassingly fancy ride an off

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Speaker 1: road vehicle sticker, which if you are going to ride

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Speaker 1: off road you need to purchase. This is a tax

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Speaker 1: that ultimately provides an incredible amount of funding for trail

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Speaker 1: maintenance in every state. On top of that, it is

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Speaker 1: a new license year. In Montana, the three of us

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Speaker 1: had to purchase new fishing and conservation licenses. Then we

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Speaker 1: bought a bunch of fishing stuff, which contributes to an

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Speaker 1: exercise tax called dingle Johnson. Then we bought gas food

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Speaker 1: and generally just made folks smile as we bumped into

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Speaker 1: them in the small town that we met and geared

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Speaker 1: up in. What I'm saying is these outdoor pursuits are

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Speaker 1: highly impactful. We even caught a few fish. One thing

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Speaker 1: that I suppose I knew but had never taken proper

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Speaker 1: stock of due to the fact that I had different

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Speaker 1: cleaning method is a bourbon. As I mentioned last week,

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Speaker 1: a freshwater cod or gladiform. That bourbon is heart is

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Speaker 1: located at the very rear of the bodycat as in,

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Speaker 1: the heart is closer to the tail than the anal

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Speaker 1: vent anal vent. Of course, as a class your way

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Speaker 1: of saying, uni hole, I don't know. Anyway, I was

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Speaker 1: hoping someone could write in and tell me what the

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Speaker 1: advantage is of this most posterior of heart locals. Then

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Speaker 1: in local news a bunch of folks from Steel Power

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Speaker 1: Equipment showed up here in Bozeman. We joined the Gallatin

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Speaker 1: Valley Land Trust as well as the Montana Conservation Corps

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Speaker 1: and doing a bit of trail work while trying out

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Speaker 1: all their new saws. We used battery powered sauce, which

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Speaker 1: worked like a quiet dream until I got too self

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Speaker 1: conscious thinking that that all the hard work in MCC

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Speaker 1: folks would think that the quiet meant that we were

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Speaker 1: just sitting on our duf's not doing anything, because they

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Speaker 1: couldn't hear the saws. Then we fired up the gas

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Speaker 1: saws and made some sawdust and some big piles. I

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Speaker 1: thought it very very cool that the folks from Steel

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Speaker 1: were willing to take a day to do work on

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Speaker 1: a local project act, especially with all that shiny new equipment.

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Speaker 1: So thanks a bunch of them. Also thank you to

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Speaker 1: the Gallatin Valley Land Trust and Peter Brown, their head

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Speaker 1: of stewardship, for letting us jump in and volunteer. The

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Speaker 1: g v l T has a bunch of great projects

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Speaker 1: that actually get overlooked because of their relatively small size

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Speaker 1: acreage wise, but as we saw, no pun intended, a

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Speaker 1: small parcel can provide a lot of access to the

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Speaker 1: general public. The g v LT can purchase and hold

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Speaker 1: land privately, provide ease months, and also transfer sell that

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Speaker 1: land of the US Forest Service for permanent access. The

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Speaker 1: m c C Montana Conservation Corps did two thousand miles

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Speaker 1: of trail work last year. If you ever get the

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Speaker 1: chance to go do some volunteering with them, do it.

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Speaker 1: It is very insightful to see where the boot leather

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Speaker 1: hits the trail. Moving on to a quick listener question,

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Speaker 1: we are back to turkey season and star with two

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Speaker 1: rs rights in in anticipation of he and his son's

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Speaker 1: first turkey hunt, asking why is it frowned upon to

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Speaker 1: shoot a turkey winning it is in full strut For

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Speaker 1: those of you who do not know, Typically a hunter

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Speaker 1: aims for the turkey's head both to ensure a fast

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Speaker 1: kill and to minimize damaging meat. It is ideal to

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Speaker 1: stop at turkey with the butt to get the bird

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Speaker 1: to stretch his head high and alert. This puts the

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Speaker 1: bird's head as far from the bulk of the meat

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Speaker 1: as possible. When a turkey is in full stret the

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Speaker 1: head is still elevated from the breast, but not by

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Speaker 1: nearly as much. Depending on your shooting angle, pellets from

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Speaker 1: your shotgun may damage some meat. That is the reason

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Speaker 1: for the frowning. Use your best judgment. I only have

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Speaker 1: a couple of days of turkey hunting this year, and

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Speaker 1: I love having the meat in the freezer. I also

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Speaker 1: use this turkey shot by federal ammunition called TSS, and

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Speaker 1: it tends to make very small holes that zip through

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Speaker 1: the bird, and I just don't see that much trauma

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Speaker 1: if my pellets go low, which is sorry very long

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Speaker 1: way of saying things aren't always perfect. Take the shot

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Speaker 1: when you and your son have a bunch of time

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Speaker 1: and a few turkeys under your belts. After several seasons,

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Speaker 1: you can get much more picky. Good luck out there,

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Speaker 1: and watch out for ticks on your soft parts. Brandon

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Speaker 1: from Central Indiana rights in my buck for muzzleloader season.

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Speaker 1: Had small fangs when I was prepping the skull to boil.

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Speaker 1: I have hunted this property for several years, and four

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Speaker 1: years ago my wife Lindsay shot an antler dough. She

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Speaker 1: was about nineties some pounds and had seven inch velveted spikes.

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Speaker 1: Have heard of this before, but still rare, So the

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Speaker 1: fangs aren't the first oddity we have seen on this farm.

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Speaker 1: So I'm asking cal have you ever seen or heard

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Speaker 1: of a white tailed deer with fangs or mule deer

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Speaker 1: for that matter. Thanks for your time and keep up

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Speaker 1: the good work. In response, there are actually several different

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Speaker 1: fang or tusk deer in the world. The non native

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Speaker 1: but still living inhabitants to North America is the Seat,

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Speaker 1: a deer that inhabits Maryland's Chess Peak Bay. Fangs or

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Speaker 1: tusks were once a prominent feature on all of our

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Speaker 1: deer here in North America. Eventually, the antlers took over

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Speaker 1: the game in regards to winning sexual favor through display.

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Speaker 1: One fun fact and possible leftover from that tusked period

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Speaker 1: is the black patches on the chins of white tail

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Speaker 1: and mule deer. Those black patches would have provided a

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Speaker 1: very nice backdrop for the protruding white tusk or fang

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Speaker 1: from the upper gum, making the tusk all the more visible.

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Speaker 1: Female deer sprouting antlers is not completely uncommon, but it

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Speaker 1: isn't a throwback to an earlier time either. According to

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Speaker 1: the Quality Deer Management Association, female deer sprouting antlers is

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Speaker 1: most commonly a result of abnormally high testosterone levels. In

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Speaker 1: very rare cases, you may find an antler dough that

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Speaker 1: has prominent female genitalia and recessed male genitalia. Considering how

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Speaker 1: many people think does taste better than bucks, that's kind

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Speaker 1: of like having at all. And speaking of having it all,

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Speaker 1: we're gonna slide over to our herpetology desk. Charlie, a

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Speaker 1: female komodo dragon, just gave birth to the Chattanoogazoo and Tennessee.

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Speaker 1: Charlie did this without a male counterpart that is called independence.

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Speaker 1: It is also called parthenogenesis, which is, as you can imagine,

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Speaker 1: very rare invertebrates. In fact, komodo dragons were not even

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Speaker 1: known to have this ability until two thousand six. According

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Speaker 1: to Scientific American, parthenogenesis is when an embryo forms from

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Speaker 1: an unfertilized egg cell. Some species have evolved too solely

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Speaker 1: reproduce this way, but the komodo dragon participates in what

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Speaker 1: is called facultative parthenogenesis, essentially meaning that Charlie had the

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Speaker 1: choice to reproduce without involving a male dragon. Considering how

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Speaker 1: well known komodo dragons are for their aggressiveness, bacteria filled

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Speaker 1: bye and general preference for solitude, it's easy to see

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Speaker 1: how the solo reproduction route could have developed. Adult male

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Speaker 1: Komodo dragons can grow to two hundred pounds, measure longer

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Speaker 1: than eight and a half feet in length, and have

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Speaker 1: been known to take down tea more deer, which is

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Speaker 1: like a semi swamp dwelling elk that weighs in around

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Speaker 1: three hundred pounds. Anyway, congrats Charlie. One more from the

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Speaker 1: herb desk. A recent study from the journal Nature Ecology

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Speaker 1: and evolution shows that certain a knolls are roughly two

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Speaker 1: inch long lizard have evolved specifically to live in urban environments,

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Speaker 1: sporting longer limbs, specialized scales, and larger toe pads, allowing

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Speaker 1: the lizard to more effectively maneuver the urban jungle or desert.

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Speaker 1: In this case, these urban and knolls, when compared to

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Speaker 1: their forest dwelling counterparts, were able to function and tolerate

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Speaker 1: much higher heat levels, which, considering how hot and how

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Speaker 1: much hotter our urban environments are getting, is a rate

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Speaker 1: worth taking note. Of these urban of philic annuals, the

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Speaker 1: term coined by their lead researcher, biologist Kristin Winchell, were

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Speaker 1: able to function normally at a hundred and four degrees

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Speaker 1: and on average one point four seven degrees hotter than

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Speaker 1: other annual populations. More neat stuff, for sure, But it

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Speaker 1: is the plasticity, the ability for this animal to change

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Speaker 1: its behavior to its environment and possibly select for the

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Speaker 1: wide range of genes that allow for the increased heat

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Speaker 1: tolerance that makes this tiny lizard so hot right now

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Speaker 1: and herpetological circles that is hot right now. Now, We're

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Speaker 1: gonna swim menacingly over to our shark desk. I'm talking

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Speaker 1: great white it's. Of course, in order to do this,

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Speaker 1: I have to mention Jaws, one of my favorite all

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Speaker 1: time movies. If you are also a Jaws fan and

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Speaker 1: fancy yourself off a bit of a fisherman, check out

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Speaker 1: our new senior fishing editor, Joe Surmeli's article at the

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Speaker 1: meat eater dot com titled would Quint's real have cranked

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Speaker 1: in Jaws? First, Joe, it's Captain Quint. The movie is

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Speaker 1: getting old, but let's not strip the colorful captain of

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Speaker 1: his title the old damn thing. Second, the answer is

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Speaker 1: available at the meteator dot com. Go find it and

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Speaker 1: welcome Joe, Sir Melly to the meat Eater team. Also

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Speaker 1: on the topic of great whites and not covered by Joe,

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Speaker 1: the bite and spit technique formally known of course as

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Speaker 1: the bite and spit hypothesis, first proposed by theologist John

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Speaker 1: McCosker in according to Forbes, is just that the idea

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Speaker 1: that a great white shark, which by watching Shark Week

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Speaker 1: we know always violently seizes its prey, launching it out

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Speaker 1: of the water, aching it with their massive, powerful heads,

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Speaker 1: shredding the helpless pinaped into a bloody red pulp maybe

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Speaker 1: doesn't always eat that way. Sometimes, like in the instance

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Speaker 1: described recently in the journal Marine and Freshwater Research, the

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Speaker 1: great white will attack a victim with one powerful bite,

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Speaker 1: then spit its prey out and let it bleed. To

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Speaker 1: be honest, the incidents described here involves to thirteen plus

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Speaker 1: foot great whites, yes Captain Quint's possible fourteen footers with

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Speaker 1: two tons on them, biting a live swimming humpback whale,

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Speaker 1: which can grow to sixty plus feet and forty plus tons,

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Speaker 1: So saying the sharks spit out the whale is probably

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Speaker 1: less accurate than bite and let go. In this case,

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Speaker 1: the great whites bit and spit in forty minute intervals,

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Speaker 1: allowing the more than likely very sick humpback whale to

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Speaker 1: lose blood until it eventually sank. The sinking of the

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Speaker 1: humpback simultaneously accomplished the first ever observed attack of a

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Speaker 1: live swimming humpback whale by great white sharks, while turning

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Speaker 1: the bite and spit hypothesis to the bite and spit technique.

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Speaker 1: And the last, but not least, we're gonna finish things

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Speaker 1: up by moving over to our ever popular law enforcement desk.

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Speaker 1: Three quote brothers belonging to a University of Georgia fraternity

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Speaker 1: dumped the remains of a couple of raccoons, two dead rats,

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Speaker 1: and a skinned coyote on the porch of another fraternity

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Speaker 1: house and got caught for it. The brothers were fined,

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Speaker 1: but not with animal cruelty, as the creators were legally

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Speaker 1: harvested for their hides. According to police reports, there are

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Speaker 1: some yelling and drinking involved as well. Come on, boys,

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Speaker 1: animals need to be treated with respect. Trapping in this

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Speaker 1: country has enough problems. It doesn't need the additional pr

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Speaker 1: problem of being associated with the polar shirt flip flopping

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Speaker 1: khaki short short wearing fraternity crowd. That's why they're going

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Speaker 1: gets tough, a tough get gout. That's all I've got

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Speaker 1: for you this week. Go call your darn duly elected

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Speaker 1: congressional representatives and tell them to co sponsor the Great

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Speaker 1: American Outdoors Act. In addition, please let me know what

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Speaker 1: I'm missing by writing in to a s K C.

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Speaker 1: A l At the meat eater dot com. That's asked

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Speaker 1: cal at the meat eater dot com. If you're loving

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Speaker 1: what you're hearing, tell some friends to subscribe, and leave

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Speaker 1: me a review by hitting that furthest right hand start

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Speaker 1: wherever you download your podcasts. I'll talk to you next week.