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Speaker 1: From Mediator's World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is

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Speaker 1: Kel's we can review with Ryan kel Kelly in now

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Speaker 1: Here's Kel Red Sky at night Sailor's delight Red Sky

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Speaker 1: at morning, Sailors take Warning. This basic rhyme implies you

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Speaker 1: can predict the weather based on colorful sunrises and sunsets.

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Speaker 1: If you haven't heard this one, I want to know

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Speaker 1: where you've been hiding. Spencer new Hearth tackles this one

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Speaker 1: as part of his fact Checker series, which you can

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Speaker 1: find only at the Meat Eater dot com. This divine

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Speaker 1: adage made its first written appearance in the Bible in

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Speaker 1: the Book of Matthew. In a confrontation between Jesus and

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Speaker 1: the Pharisees over their demand for a sign from heaven,

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Speaker 1: Christ offers up a tongue in cheek meteorological tip. When

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Speaker 1: it is name, you say, it will be fair weather,

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Speaker 1: for the sky is red, and in the morning it

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Speaker 1: will be stormy today, for the sky is red and threatening.

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Speaker 1: You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky,

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Speaker 1: but you cannot interpret the signs of the times. Bizing,

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Speaker 1: the text implies this was already established wisdom, making it

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Speaker 1: at minimum to millennia old. It's most often viewed as

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Speaker 1: a saying for mariners, but there are other iterations of

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Speaker 1: the phrase that replace sailors with shepherds. Weather systems generally

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Speaker 1: travel from west to east around the United States and Canada,

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Speaker 1: So when the sun rises and illuminate its approaching clouds

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Speaker 1: to the west, there's a system headed your way. On

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Speaker 1: the contrary, when the sun sets and illuminate its departing

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Speaker 1: clouds to the east, it means the storm is beyond

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Speaker 1: you and fair weather will follow. Here's a complex explanation.

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Speaker 1: When the pressure is low, the atmosphere will have lots

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Speaker 1: of cloud and a few aerosols. When pressure is high,

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Speaker 1: the atmosphere will have few clouds and lots of aerosols.

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Speaker 1: Because of its long wave lengths, red light is more

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Speaker 1: easily scattered by clouds. Because of its short wave lengths,

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Speaker 1: blue light is more easily scattered by aerosols. So red

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Speaker 1: light indicates low pressure and bad weather, while blue light

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Speaker 1: indicates high pressure and clear skies. Thirty to sixty degrees

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Speaker 1: latitude and both hemispheres experience westerlies. This means the winds

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Speaker 1: blow from west to east zero to thirty degrees latitude,

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Speaker 1: and both hemispheres get easterlies. This means the winds blow

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Speaker 1: from east to west. This saying, then only applies to

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Speaker 1: northern North America, southern South America, most of Europe, and

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Speaker 1: part of Asia. It would be backwards for Central America,

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Speaker 1: most of Africa, all of Asia's islands, and most of Australia.

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Speaker 1: This fund rhyme is surprisingly accurate for part of the world,

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Speaker 1: but it doesn't address scenarios where systems move from north

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Speaker 1: to south, south to north, or east to west, or

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Speaker 1: get pushed around by mountains and bodies of water. It

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Speaker 1: also doesn't account for other particles in the atmosphere that

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Speaker 1: could alter sky color, like dirt from a farmer working

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Speaker 1: up a field or smoke from a burning mountain side.

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Speaker 1: In other words, uh, you're still guessing the weather on

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Speaker 1: the big map. Where's my map? It's just green. There's

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Speaker 1: a map there. Look look at the monitor. Run where's

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Speaker 1: my legs? Where are my legs? Your legs are there.

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Speaker 1: I don't have any legs. Run, But I'll do you

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Speaker 1: one favor here and give you an old guide tip.

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Speaker 1: When you say this one, say it with confidence and

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Speaker 1: follow it up with as little talking as possible. The

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Speaker 1: old timey feel of this old adage match with the

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Speaker 1: fact that you were either starting out early or coming

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Speaker 1: home late, leads to very few follow up questions. After all,

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Speaker 1: those are for meteorologists. For war tips like this, check

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Speaker 1: out Spencer New Harris fact checker column at the meat

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Speaker 1: Eater dot com. This week we've got conservation history, fish hooks,

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Speaker 1: giant sunfish, and so much more. But first, I'm gonna

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Speaker 1: tell you about my week. I went full out on

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Speaker 1: a remodel project at my place that I told myself

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Speaker 1: I shouldn't do. But here's the deal. Cooking without event

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Speaker 1: over your range that actually vents the grease, smells and

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Speaker 1: occasional smoke to the outside is just no fun. So

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Speaker 1: I figured, instead of constantly cleaning the grease that was

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Speaker 1: being redistributed throughout my kitchen, I just tear it all out,

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Speaker 1: pulled out the cupboard, screwed um in garage for more shelving,

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Speaker 1: ransom ducting to a proper hood had it punched through

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Speaker 1: the wall than My friend Nicole Daily, who has an

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Speaker 1: interior design business called Haven spelled h A v N

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Speaker 1: Designs and check that out on the Instagram, rounded up

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Speaker 1: a bunch of stuff that she referred to as things

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Speaker 1: adults have and deck the place out while I essentially

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Speaker 1: saying at a table for two days. Now I have

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Speaker 1: a real hood that vents to the out of doors

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Speaker 1: and the exposed shelving, which in my mind makes for

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Speaker 1: a much more efficient workspace. U Plus, I got rid

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Speaker 1: of a ton of stuff, and I even got to

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Speaker 1: use my clean, quiet, battery operated steel chainsaw to make

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Speaker 1: some essential cuts. I've said this many times, but one

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Speaker 1: of the best things about a battery power chainsaw is

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Speaker 1: you can use them at night in your garage, in

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Speaker 1: your neighbors. Don't complain anyway. Plenty of tanker and left

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Speaker 1: to do. But I hope that this is the last

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Speaker 1: weekend dedicated to non hunting or angling activities. I've been

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Speaker 1: slacking in the archery department, and the season is just

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Speaker 1: around the corner. With all of this COVID stuff and

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Speaker 1: staying home, I did a great job at cleaning out

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Speaker 1: my freezer, which is a good thing. But by the

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Speaker 1: time September rolls around, I should be in what we

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Speaker 1: call a real meat crisis, a hungry hunter hunt. It's best.

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Speaker 1: It's another old adage for you. Last week we talked

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Speaker 1: about soft plastic baits or spbs. I gotta follow up

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Speaker 1: email from Berkeley Power Bait with a one sentence response stating, yes,

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Speaker 1: they are biodegradable, so still more research to do there.

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Speaker 1: I also got a question from a listener that is

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Speaker 1: fitting about hooks. It is common in my circles anyway

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Speaker 1: to cut the line as close to the hook as

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Speaker 1: possible when dealing with the fish that has taken your

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Speaker 1: bait or fly or whatever in way too deep or

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Speaker 1: close to the gills, which means you probably weren't paying

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Speaker 1: attention when fish bit. Anyway, the fish swims away relatively unharmed,

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Speaker 1: and we hope the odds of survival are higher than

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Speaker 1: they would be if you attempted to rip the hook out.

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Speaker 1: Wire metal hooks rest the fastest, they will eventually go away.

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Speaker 1: Plated metal hooks or stainless steel hooks hang around a

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Speaker 1: lot longer and in that order, but everyone could probably

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Speaker 1: figure that out on their own. I was unable to

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Speaker 1: find any real solid numbers as to the rate at

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Speaker 1: which fish hooks decay, but suffice it to say it

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Speaker 1: probably takes longer than we would like. Here's some anecdotal

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Speaker 1: fish tails for you. Back when I was living and

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Speaker 1: catchum Idaho, I would go and fish the Big Wood River.

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Speaker 1: If you are suppressing a chuckle over fishing the Big Wood,

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Speaker 1: keep in mind many anglers, including myself, also fancied the

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Speaker 1: Little Wood for fishing session as well. Yes, significant shrinkage anyway,

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Speaker 1: there's a really consistent midge hatch that happens anywhere from

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Speaker 1: about eleven AM to two pm or so on the

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Speaker 1: Big Wood River all through the winter. The trout seemed

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Speaker 1: to be really potted up during the winter months, meaning

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Speaker 1: anglers focused on fewer areas that contain the majority of

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Speaker 1: the fish. While catching. In some of these spots, you

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Speaker 1: were bound to catch a rainbow with a snout that

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Speaker 1: came up pre stuck with one, two, or sometimes three

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Speaker 1: tiny midge patterns. This was likely not a result of

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Speaker 1: an angler choosing to cut the line, but of a

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Speaker 1: line break. Either way, these fish were happily feeding on

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Speaker 1: the afternoon hatch despite being you know, pierced. For a

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Speaker 1: saltwater version of this, while fishing in Panama a few

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Speaker 1: years ago, we pulled up some sharks that had like

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Speaker 1: three to six hooks in their mileths apiece, all in

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Speaker 1: various stages of degradation from rusty to shiny. These sharks

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Speaker 1: obviously did not alter their behavior at all, but it

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Speaker 1: did make me think that there was a potential limit

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Speaker 1: as to the amount of hooks in one's face. Although

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Speaker 1: it would take time, it wasn't much of a stretch

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Speaker 1: to see how the right tackle could inhibit a shark's

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Speaker 1: ability to feed and often cited. Study from two thousand

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Speaker 1: fifteen out of the University at Carlton's Cook Lab looked

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Speaker 1: at how the northern pike's behavior changed when it was

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Speaker 1: hooked in the lower jaw, deep in the back of

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Speaker 1: the throat, and when both jaws were hooked, as is

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Speaker 1: often the case when a pike chooses to and gulf

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Speaker 1: a bait with two or sometimes three travel hooks. Using

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Speaker 1: tagged fish and tagged crank baits and a small pond,

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Speaker 1: researchers were able to monitor the fish's behavior against unhooked

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Speaker 1: pike in the same lake, including when the crank bait

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Speaker 1: was dislodged from the pike's face. The results of this

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Speaker 1: singular study showed that fish hooked in both jaws and

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Speaker 1: deep in the back of the throat shed them within

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Speaker 1: a couple of days, while the pike hooked only on

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Speaker 1: the lower jaw could retain the bait, sometimes for the

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Speaker 1: same amount of time. The conclusion they came to, which

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Speaker 1: sounds reasonable, is possibly due to the fact that the

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Speaker 1: pike were unable to feed by ignoring the situation when

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Speaker 1: the bait was hooked in both jaws or in the

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Speaker 1: back of the throat, which meant they expended the energy

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Speaker 1: to get the bait out and it took a couple

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Speaker 1: of days while the pike with the bait and its

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Speaker 1: jaw could still feed, and thus Lee chose not to

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Speaker 1: expand the energy of dislodging the bait right away. Barbalous

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Speaker 1: baits were dislaw very consistently within the first twenty four hours.

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Speaker 1: The behavior of the hooked pike also didn't differ much,

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Speaker 1: if at all, from the unhooked pike. Lots of tales

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Speaker 1: about anglers catching the same fish multiple times, so like

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Speaker 1: most things, a common rule here is, if it feels

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Speaker 1: like you're doing something you shouldn't like you don't want

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Speaker 1: someone to see you ripping a bait or hook or

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Speaker 1: a lure from deep in a fish's throat, don't do it.

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Speaker 1: Cut the line as we have covered here before. Our

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Speaker 1: waterway has faced many, many issues that could have much

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Speaker 1: larger population level effects, things that could change fisheries or

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Speaker 1: stop them forever. But recreational angling, no matter how you

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Speaker 1: prefer to do it, isn't likely one of them. So

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Speaker 1: long as you buy your permits and licenses, follow the

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Speaker 1: rules and regulations, pick up your trash, which includes preventing

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Speaker 1: things from becoming riverside or river bottom or oceanside or

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Speaker 1: ocean bottom trash h then you know we're gonna be right.

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Speaker 1: Something like you know you can fish for trash fish

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Speaker 1: and cook trash fish, but don't replace fish with trash.

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Speaker 1: Moving on to the conservation history desk, the Sierra Club,

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Speaker 1: one of our country's oldest conservation groups, recently announced that

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Speaker 1: it is coming to terms with its founder, John Muir.

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Speaker 1: Muir is more than just the Sierra Club. The Sierra

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Speaker 1: Club is an organization that now boast more than three

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Speaker 1: and a half million members. John Muir is considered one

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Speaker 1: of the founding fathers of what we call conservation and

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Speaker 1: the National Park System, specifically Yosemite. So for all that

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Speaker 1: good stuff, these enduring legacies that we love today, what

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Speaker 1: the heck could be the beef with John Muir. Well,

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Speaker 1: amongst a lot of the good ideas regarding land, water

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Speaker 1: and wildlife conservation, where some profoundly bad ideas and beliefs

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Speaker 1: regarding the so called proper order of the races masked

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Speaker 1: and selective breeding science called eugenics, which was an idea

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Speaker 1: that has been around forever in agriculture, taking the animals

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Speaker 1: that make the healthiest offspring and keeping them in the herd.

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Speaker 1: But if you took a look at how eugenics was

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Speaker 1: applied to humans, something the Nazi Party really picked up

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Speaker 1: and ran with. It included the sterilization of races. There

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Speaker 1: is such a thing as modern eugenics, which involves altering

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Speaker 1: human genomes on an individual basis, and I'm sure beyond anyway. Now,

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Speaker 1: at this point you could say that Muir was just

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Speaker 1: committed to science and the science was flawed, But that

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Speaker 1: just isn't the case. Just like what we see today,

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Speaker 1: science is a little word with many meanings that can

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Speaker 1: be used for good and for bad. In this case

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Speaker 1: bad as again, it was a way to discredit, oddly enough,

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Speaker 1: every race, at least to some degree, other than Anglo Saxon.

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Speaker 1: He ever noticed how in these like cult type situations.

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Speaker 1: There's always someone or a group of someone's who decides

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Speaker 1: it's better for all if they alone take on sexual

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Speaker 1: reproduction for all. That's just a side note anyway, Muir

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Speaker 1: wasn't alone here. Many of our notable figures in conservation

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Speaker 1: shared similar beliefs, Theodore Roosevelt being another. In fact, one

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Speaker 1: of my favorite conservation organizations that does an incredible amount

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Speaker 1: of good for everybody, The Teddy Roosevelt Conservation Partnership or

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Speaker 1: t RCP, is obviously named after him. Roosevelt fought for

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Speaker 1: national for US, champion the idea of preserving wilderness and

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Speaker 1: national parks, but he was a white nationalist. Roosevelt despised slavery,

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Speaker 1: but didn't think America was for the blacks. He gave

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Speaker 1: the Native Americans up for people that would go extinct,

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Speaker 1: which he likely thought was rightfully. So so what does

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Speaker 1: all this mean? No, we don't part take and cancel

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Speaker 1: culture on this one. We don't throw away our national

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Speaker 1: parks or national forests because they were founded in part

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Speaker 1: by men who didn't see them as what we see

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Speaker 1: them for today, which is a place for all. A

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Speaker 1: listener wrote in with a link to a very well

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Speaker 1: written article that can be found at melanin base camp

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Speaker 1: dot com titled Challenging the White Narrative of Conservation written

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Speaker 1: by A moth Jufe. Among many well written points, the

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Speaker 1: author lays out the fact that black Indigenous peoples of

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Speaker 1: color are largely not choosing to recreate or visit national

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Speaker 1: parks because at the inception of these foundational acts that

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Speaker 1: of national parks, there was not an even playing field.

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Speaker 1: There was not a welcoming precedence set from the beginning.

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Speaker 1: Black Indigenous peoples of color were not welcomed from the

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Speaker 1: get go. In fact, forceful removal of indigenous people had

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Speaker 1: to occur in most of these places in order for

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Speaker 1: a national park to be conceived of in the first place. Consequently,

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Speaker 1: within BIPAC families, multiple generations did not visit national parks.

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Speaker 1: So when we look at participation levels amongst the BIPAC

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Speaker 1: communities now, according to a study published by David Scott

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Speaker 1: and Kang Fee Jerry Lee using US Census Bureau data

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Speaker 1: and National Park Service Visitor services data, less than two

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Speaker 1: percent of national park visitors were black and less than

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Speaker 1: five percent non white, Hispanic or Asian. That study was

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Speaker 1: published using data compiled until the year two thousand fifteen.

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Speaker 1: I think it is important to note that national parks

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Speaker 1: have experienced record attendance year after years since this paper

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Speaker 1: was published. But there would have to be a pretty

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Speaker 1: darn monumental shift in habits for those numbers to change significantly. Now,

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Speaker 1: if you were saying, as I will tell you I did,

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Speaker 1: how does this make sense? Public lands are open to

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Speaker 1: all people. Why aren't members of the BIPOC community taking

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Speaker 1: advantage of all the things that I take advantage of.

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Speaker 1: I think part of the answer to that lies in

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Speaker 1: the historical context, which again the author I'm off du

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Speaker 1: lays out pretty darn well, which kind of gets wrapped

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Speaker 1: into like the heritage argument for me, Like your family

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Speaker 1: started going to national parks, it became a tradition, and

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Speaker 1: that's what you did every year, like just once a year,

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Speaker 1: or sometimes a bunch of times a year. You know,

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Speaker 1: if we look at the issue of recruitment among hunters

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Speaker 1: and anglers, the challenges sometimes go up when we have

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Speaker 1: generational gaps within a family, and that can be boiled

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Speaker 1: down to simply like we lose stuff, all right. Second

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Speaker 1: generation hunters and anglers have access to mom and dad's stuff.

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Speaker 1: Third generation hunters and anglers have access to mom and

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Speaker 1: Dad's plus grandma and grandpa's stuff. In this case, if

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Speaker 1: Dad's generation didn't fish or hunt, but the grandkids wanted

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Speaker 1: to try it out, Grandma and Grandpa's gear maybe outdated

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Speaker 1: and dusty, but it's still in the garden shed or

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Speaker 1: the garage drafters right, meaning that typically it's harder to

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Speaker 1: say no to try and something new when you have

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Speaker 1: some tools at your disposal. The case that a moth

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Speaker 1: do you, the author of Challenging the White Narrative of

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Speaker 1: conservation lays out is some of these national parks, from

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Speaker 1: their inception, starting with the ideals of their founders, were

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Speaker 1: not welcoming to several generations of the Bipoc community, Meaning

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Speaker 1: the tools of the trade, the traditions of visiting a

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Speaker 1: national park have not been in a family since before

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Speaker 1: the great grandparents. The pictures, the picnic baskets, binoculars, road

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Speaker 1: maps just don't exist in some trunk or forgotten shed

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Speaker 1: at this point, making again the decision to try something

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Speaker 1: new much harder because it's not foundational to the family.

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Speaker 1: A well written article and there is a whole lot

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Speaker 1: more to it, you can find it in its entirety

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Speaker 1: at melanin base camp dot com. Thank you to Heather

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Speaker 1: P for sending that one in to ask cal at

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Speaker 1: the meat eater dot com. Next up the access desk,

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Speaker 1: and this is a big one, the Meat Eator Land

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Speaker 1: Access Initiative. That thing where all proceeds from the purchase

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Speaker 1: of Rinella who tell us campaign merchandise will go to

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Speaker 1: providing more hunting and fishing for America. Well, we finally

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Speaker 1: picked a spot that will indeed provide more hunting and fishing.

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Speaker 1: This one is all the way out in Maine. I've

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Speaker 1: been working with Brent West of the High Peaks Alliance

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Speaker 1: to get the full picture of a not too big

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Speaker 1: piece of ground called Shiloh Pond, which is located outside

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Speaker 1: of Kingfield, Maine. So why why this spot that I

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Speaker 1: already said isn't all that big? Well, for some context,

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Speaker 1: the state of Maine has long been vacation land. This

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Speaker 1: is where the original American destination hunters and fishers would

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Speaker 1: escape to from the big, nasty, stinking cities. Although of

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Speaker 1: the state is privately owned, state law at least for

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Speaker 1: now allows de facto trustpass, meaning if the land is

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Speaker 1: not posted even though it's private, people by default can

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Speaker 1: trustpass upon that land. As these large tracts of land

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Speaker 1: have been divided and sold over multiple generations, more and

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Speaker 1: more of these properties have been posted. The traditional way

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Speaker 1: of main hunting the Big Woods white tailed deer stocking

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Speaker 1: is at risk. The longtime residents of Maine who live

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Speaker 1: the hunting and fishing life could foreseeably lose their traditional

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Speaker 1: hunting and fishing lands with the introduction of new state

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Speaker 1: legislation as in changing that trustpass law, or if a

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Speaker 1: new tradition of posting your property as no trespassing is

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Speaker 1: instilled in the big famous Maine north Woods, which again

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Speaker 1: are largely private. Shiloh Pond and the road to it

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Speaker 1: currently provide multiple use access. The property is two acres

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Speaker 1: sixty eight point two acres of wetlands, twenty acres of

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Speaker 1: Shiloh Pond itself, and there is a smaller adjacent pond

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Speaker 1: on the property of about one point six eight acres.

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Speaker 1: There's free spawning brook trout, there's loons, shore birds, moose, bears, beavers, amphibians,

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Speaker 1: white tailed deer, ruffed grouse. I saw lots of pollinators

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Speaker 1: in the form of bees and butterflies, Most importantly, this

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Speaker 1: is where many folks from the local area learned to

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Speaker 1: paddle and fish. The property is spectacularly clean, the people's

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Speaker 1: self police they take pride in. I believe that this

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Speaker 1: is an ideal little spot to start with for meat

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Speaker 1: eaters land Access initiative. Even though it is small, it

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Speaker 1: has the potential to start a new tradition of securing

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Speaker 1: public access on actual public ground. We will have a

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Speaker 1: lot more details and some fun exciting ways for everyone

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Speaker 1: to get involved coming to you from the Meat eat

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Speaker 1: Your dot com as well as our collective social channels.

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Speaker 1: If you listen to this on Sunday or Monday, be

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Speaker 1: looking for all sorts of info on Wednesday or Thursday,

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Speaker 1: and last but not least, from the Cool Critter Desk.

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Speaker 1: Just a fun one to send you off with. There

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Speaker 1: are three species of ocean sunfish or mola mola, all

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Speaker 1: of which can be found but are not exclusive to

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Speaker 1: Australian waters. The ocean sunfish is a free swimming bony

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Speaker 1: fish that can reach twenty two hundred pounds and six

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Speaker 1: ft in length. This is an odd looking fish as

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Speaker 1: it can be as long as it is tall. In fact,

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Speaker 1: the mola moola has the fewest vertebra in its spined

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Speaker 1: body ratio than any other fish. It is often described

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Speaker 1: as a head with the tail. Here's a fun fact

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Speaker 1: for you. The ocean sunfish produces more eggs than any

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Speaker 1: known vertebrate. They're capable of produce was saying three million

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Speaker 1: eggs in a single spawning cycle. That is a lot

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Speaker 1: of eggs, and until recently we were not entirely sure

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Speaker 1: where they went, which seems kind of odd for such

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Speaker 1: a big fish. Well, recently researchers in Australia were examining

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Speaker 1: tiny larvae samples which, out of curiosity, were checked against

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Speaker 1: a bump head sunfish and found them to be an

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Speaker 1: exact match. The larvae were, in fact the tiny offspring

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Speaker 1: the developed eggs of the sometimes hundred pound ten ft

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Speaker 1: long Mola Mola, and they measured only about a six

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Speaker 1: of an inch. This discovery means a couple of things

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Speaker 1: to me. All those Australian surfers while they're out dodging

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Speaker 1: great whites probably inhale, these could be giant fish or

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Speaker 1: get them shot up their noses when they get tumbled

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Speaker 1: in a wave. And of course, big mysterious things can

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Speaker 1: come in small packages. I was at the ball, I

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Speaker 1: was at the poll. That's all I've got for you

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Speaker 1: this week. Thanks for listening. As per usual, you can

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Speaker 1: find me. You can let me know how i'm doing,

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Speaker 1: what I'm missing, what is going on in your neck

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Speaker 1: of the woods. By writing in to a s k c.

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Speaker 1: A L. That's asked Cal at the Meat eater dot com.

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Speaker 1: I'll talk to you next week.