WEBVTT - CZM Rewind: Part One: The Armed Nonviolent Civil Rights Movement 0:00:01.760 --> 0:00:02.880 Cool Zone Media. 0:00:06.080 --> 0:00:08.240 Hello and welcome to Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff? 0:00:08.680 --> 0:00:13.160 The podcast that it was in reruns during the holidays, 0:00:13.440 --> 0:00:17.320 But I bet you'll still like this episode even though 0:00:17.320 --> 0:00:20.400 I recorded a little while ago, because I think that 0:00:21.400 --> 0:00:24.439 the way that people look back and think about the 0:00:24.480 --> 0:00:28.720 old civil rights movement, like, wow, everything was so peaceful 0:00:28.760 --> 0:00:32.199 all the time, Well it's not true. I mean, some 0:00:32.280 --> 0:00:35.680 stuff was peaceful, and nonviolence is an important part of 0:00:36.040 --> 0:00:39.519 political strategy, but it's certainly not the only thing that happened. 0:00:40.080 --> 0:00:43.440 And so we're going to do a rerun about the 0:00:43.560 --> 0:00:49.680 armed civil rights movement. I hope you enjoy it. Hello, 0:00:49.800 --> 0:00:52.040 and welcome to Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff. It's 0:00:52.080 --> 0:00:55.680 a podcast. It does what it says in the title. 0:00:56.320 --> 0:00:59.200 I'm your host, Margaret Kiljoy, and with me today is 0:00:59.280 --> 0:01:03.120 my guest, Elminique, who is a pop cultural critic and 0:01:03.880 --> 0:01:06.160 seems to do so much of everything that I have 0:01:06.200 --> 0:01:08.200 a hard time pinning her down. Joell, how are you? 0:01:08.920 --> 0:01:09.800 I'm good. 0:01:10.000 --> 0:01:12.160 You know, it's a gray morning, but in LA that 0:01:12.200 --> 0:01:15.160 counts as weather, so I'm really trying to vibe with it. 0:01:16.240 --> 0:01:17.959 You know, I got my hot tea, I'm ready to 0:01:18.120 --> 0:01:20.119 go learn about some nice people. 0:01:20.840 --> 0:01:23.400 Is it below seventy degrees there, it. 0:01:23.160 --> 0:01:27.000 Is below seventy degrees here. He's got sweaters on. I'm 0:01:27.080 --> 0:01:28.440 under a blanket currently. 0:01:29.680 --> 0:01:32.520 Oh that's nice, it's lovely. I'm in the mountains in 0:01:32.520 --> 0:01:36.480 my heat is broken. Oh no, Margaret, it's okay. I 0:01:36.520 --> 0:01:40.840 have like six backup heats horses because I'm like that. 0:01:40.840 --> 0:01:41.880 That's good. That's good. 0:01:41.880 --> 0:01:44.480 As someone who came from a snowy climate, you need 0:01:44.640 --> 0:01:47.760 multiple sources of heat at all times just in case. 0:01:48.320 --> 0:01:48.559 Yeah. 0:01:48.600 --> 0:01:50.880 No, absolutely, Like my house is like like right now, 0:01:50.880 --> 0:01:53.840 I'm running electric heat space heaters, and if that breaks, 0:01:53.880 --> 0:01:59.080 I have a wood burning stove. Like it's it's fine. Yes, anyway, Joe, 0:01:59.160 --> 0:02:01.760 What's what's your favorite of your many jobs besides being 0:02:01.800 --> 0:02:02.800 a guest on the Poole. 0:02:04.440 --> 0:02:06.960 That is a really tough question. 0:02:08.440 --> 0:02:13.720 Probably like hosting live events is my favorite because it's 0:02:14.240 --> 0:02:16.480 like all the aspects of performance, but you get to 0:02:16.560 --> 0:02:20.119 like perform your ultimate self, you know what I mean. 0:02:20.200 --> 0:02:23.320 It's just as an extroverted introvert, Like getting to perform 0:02:23.400 --> 0:02:26.440 all the extrovertedness, you know, for a crowd is a 0:02:26.440 --> 0:02:28.560 lot of fun and you get to, you know, get 0:02:28.600 --> 0:02:31.440 their feelings and maybe you make your guest cry, but 0:02:31.520 --> 0:02:33.720 in like a good way, you know, and like all 0:02:33.840 --> 0:02:36.120 that energy is really lovely. And then I would say 0:02:36.480 --> 0:02:39.120 writing after that is definitely a favorite. 0:02:39.320 --> 0:02:41.560 Okay, Okay, that makes a lot of sense to me. 0:02:41.760 --> 0:02:45.560 I really like performing and then going and hiding. That's like, 0:02:45.639 --> 0:02:46.280 oh no, for. 0:02:46.240 --> 0:02:48.280 Sure afterwards, Please don't talk to me. I was on 0:02:48.360 --> 0:02:51.920 set recently and we recorded for like four hours straight 0:02:52.600 --> 0:02:54.640 and then we broke for lunch and I did not 0:02:54.720 --> 0:02:55.640 leave the set and they're like. 0:02:55.639 --> 0:02:57.520 Are you hungry out? I's like no, They're like, are 0:02:57.520 --> 0:02:57.919 you okay? 0:02:58.000 --> 0:02:59.720 And I was like I just need to decompress and 0:02:59.760 --> 0:03:03.040 not talk to anyone for whatever long we have until 0:03:03.080 --> 0:03:04.480 the next take, Like I just cannot. 0:03:05.040 --> 0:03:07.680 Yeah, So totally, totally, yeah. 0:03:07.720 --> 0:03:11.400 Absolutely. We're also joined as always by our producer Sophie. 0:03:11.480 --> 0:03:13.640 Hi, Sophie, Hey, Margaret, how are you? 0:03:14.800 --> 0:03:19.960 Oh wait, that's not Sophie. Is that Sophie. It's Ian. 0:03:21.040 --> 0:03:23.639 Yes, I'm finally on the podcast. 0:03:24.320 --> 0:03:31.080 I Yeah. Ian is our audio engineer and also today 0:03:31.120 --> 0:03:33.239 our producer. How are you doing, Ian? 0:03:33.760 --> 0:03:34.760 I'm doing pretty good. 0:03:34.840 --> 0:03:35.040 Yeah. 0:03:35.040 --> 0:03:38.120 It's a nice cozy, cool morning, you know, got my 0:03:38.160 --> 0:03:41.600 sweatshirt on, ready to do some podcasts and all right. 0:03:42.120 --> 0:03:44.720 So on this show we talk about cool people in history, 0:03:44.800 --> 0:03:48.160 especially cool movements, cool complicated networks of cool people who 0:03:48.640 --> 0:03:51.440 actually usually pretty complicated. But this week, well, actually this 0:03:51.480 --> 0:03:54.240 week's no different. I'm really excited to talk this week 0:03:54.360 --> 0:03:57.000 about the non violent civil rights movement the nineteen fifties 0:03:57.000 --> 0:03:59.880 and the sixties in the US South and along the way. 0:04:00.120 --> 0:04:01.960 I'm going to talk about the people who protected the 0:04:01.960 --> 0:04:05.560 non violent civil rights movement with the firearms and stuff. 0:04:05.840 --> 0:04:08.800 Yeah, yes, they won't get violent, but we sure as 0:04:08.800 --> 0:04:10.640 fuck will. Those are my favorite people. 0:04:10.920 --> 0:04:15.680 Yep, that is today's It is exactly the people who said, oh, 0:04:15.680 --> 0:04:17.680 that's great, you're non violent. I go to protect you. 0:04:17.720 --> 0:04:18.640 I'm not nonviolent. 0:04:20.160 --> 0:04:22.440 You always need somebody who's ready to do some dirty work. 0:04:22.560 --> 0:04:25.880 Always, absolutely exactly. And I think that they don't get 0:04:25.960 --> 0:04:29.599 enough credit. And so we're going to talk about the 0:04:29.680 --> 0:04:31.800 armed wing of the non violent civil rights movement, the 0:04:31.800 --> 0:04:33.800 paradox that isn't half as much of a paradox as 0:04:33.800 --> 0:04:36.080 it might seem. We're going to talk about the Deacons 0:04:36.120 --> 0:04:38.800 for Defense and Justice, which was a non ideological but 0:04:38.839 --> 0:04:41.839 well organized collection of black people who defended civil rights campaigners. 0:04:42.240 --> 0:04:44.320 We're going to talk about the North Carolina branch of 0:04:44.360 --> 0:04:47.520 the NAACP that armed itself, and we're going to talk 0:04:47.560 --> 0:04:51.559 about all the unaffiliated groups and individuals who relied, often 0:04:51.680 --> 0:04:54.960 quite effectively on their capacity to defend themselves in the 0:04:55.000 --> 0:04:58.560 struggle for self determination and all that kind of stuff 0:04:59.200 --> 0:05:01.960 because we've been doing I mean, as anyone who's listening 0:05:02.000 --> 0:05:04.080 to the podcast, we've been covering like the Klan a 0:05:04.120 --> 0:05:08.240 bunch recently and not in the We've been talking about 0:05:08.240 --> 0:05:11.360 people who fight the Klan, not the. 0:05:11.320 --> 0:05:13.640 Good people in the clan, but yeah, yeah, people who 0:05:13.680 --> 0:05:14.839 fought the Klan, I got. 0:05:14.760 --> 0:05:20.600 Yeah, yeah. So you all will be shocked to know this. 0:05:21.360 --> 0:05:23.560 There's been a concerted effort in the United States of 0:05:23.600 --> 0:05:27.520 America by white supremacy to disenfranchise black people. 0:05:27.839 --> 0:05:30.760 You know, you don't say really, yeah, no. 0:05:30.839 --> 0:05:33.360 Yeah, I only learned this recently. 0:05:33.640 --> 0:05:34.159 Never mind. 0:05:38.120 --> 0:05:41.400 And wherever there's oppression, there's resistance to oppression, which is 0:05:41.400 --> 0:05:44.479 the core concept of this show. And so I'm going 0:05:44.560 --> 0:05:47.320 to frame the civil rights movements of the nineteen fifties 0:05:47.320 --> 0:05:48.839 of the seventies, and the same way that I see 0:05:48.839 --> 0:05:50.880 it framed by a lot of historians and people who 0:05:50.880 --> 0:05:52.560 are there at the time, has been kind of made 0:05:52.640 --> 0:05:54.880 up of two general parts. You've got the sort of 0:05:54.960 --> 0:05:57.719 civil rights era of the nineteen fifties and sixties with 0:05:57.800 --> 0:06:00.680 a focus on non violence and sit ins and registration 0:06:00.800 --> 0:06:04.560 drives kind of most famously for my public school education, 0:06:05.000 --> 0:06:08.640 Martin Luther King, I have a dream all of that stuff. 0:06:09.000 --> 0:06:10.720 And then you've got the Black Power era of the 0:06:10.800 --> 0:06:14.360 late nineteen sixties and early nineteen seventies, best remembered these 0:06:14.440 --> 0:06:17.680 days because of the work of the Black Panthers. So 0:06:17.720 --> 0:06:20.800 that's the classification that I've been presented with is, you know, 0:06:20.880 --> 0:06:23.080 every dichotomy is false, right, And we're going to talk 0:06:23.120 --> 0:06:25.040 about some of the ways that all these things blur together. 0:06:25.120 --> 0:06:28.120 But so people talk about it. They talk about the 0:06:28.160 --> 0:06:30.760 Civil rights era as like pacifist reformism, and the Black 0:06:30.760 --> 0:06:33.960 Power era as like all armed revolutionaries. More and more 0:06:34.240 --> 0:06:36.520 people are starting to talk about what people have been 0:06:36.520 --> 0:06:38.480 talking about a lot of along the way, But more 0:06:38.520 --> 0:06:40.039 and more and more media is paying attention to the 0:06:40.040 --> 0:06:42.479 Black Panthers, for example, also had a lot of mutual 0:06:42.520 --> 0:06:44.800 laid programs and breakfast programs and all of these other 0:06:44.800 --> 0:06:46.799 things that are part of what made them so dangerous 0:06:46.839 --> 0:06:51.080 and powerful. Yeah, and one day we're going to get 0:06:51.120 --> 0:06:52.680 into all that, but today we're going to talk about 0:06:52.720 --> 0:06:54.080 kind of the inverse. We're going to talk about how 0:06:54.120 --> 0:06:57.240 in the civil rights era it's more complicated than it's 0:06:57.240 --> 0:06:58.160 sometimes presented. 0:06:58.880 --> 0:07:01.520 When you guys do the breakfast program for the Black Panthers, 0:07:01.640 --> 0:07:03.320 have me back, and I'll try to get some stories 0:07:03.320 --> 0:07:06.240 from my dad, who's a direct beneficiary of that program 0:07:06.360 --> 0:07:08.360 on the South Side of Chicago when he was growing up. 0:07:08.839 --> 0:07:12.560 Oh yeah, no, that would be amazing. Yeah, And that's 0:07:12.600 --> 0:07:14.120 actually one of the kind of things that's interesting is 0:07:14.160 --> 0:07:16.760 I keep like, on today's episode, I'll like look through 0:07:16.800 --> 0:07:18.600 this and I like start writing like so and so was, 0:07:18.880 --> 0:07:21.560 and then I'm like, wait, no, is uh still alive? 0:07:22.120 --> 0:07:22.400 Yeah? 0:07:22.520 --> 0:07:26.160 Yeah, you know, these people who are fighting in the fifties, sixties, seventies, 0:07:26.520 --> 0:07:28.960 many of them are still with us, which is fucking cool. 0:07:30.480 --> 0:07:34.280 So in previous episodes, especially last week's episodes, we talked 0:07:34.320 --> 0:07:36.800 about that most famous of white supremacist organizations, the ku 0:07:36.880 --> 0:07:39.920 Klux Klinn, the and we're going to go through the 0:07:39.960 --> 0:07:43.760 super basics of them, the speed run of these fucking 0:07:43.760 --> 0:07:46.680 worst people. And well, there's so many worst people in 0:07:46.800 --> 0:07:48.640 US history, but these are some of the worst people 0:07:48.640 --> 0:07:52.000 in US history. Okay, so there's like three or four 0:07:52.040 --> 0:07:55.800 basic distinct phases of the Klin. They were founded because 0:07:55.800 --> 0:07:58.360 of frat club for piece of shit white Southern racists. 0:07:58.400 --> 0:08:00.640 In the wake of the Civil War. They decided to 0:08:00.680 --> 0:08:02.840 rely on raw terror and violence in order to fight 0:08:02.880 --> 0:08:06.680 for white supremacy after having lost a war. This fell 0:08:06.720 --> 0:08:09.360 apart in eighteen seventy one because the federal government was like, 0:08:09.600 --> 0:08:12.640 you actually can't do that, and then white racists figured 0:08:12.640 --> 0:08:16.160 out a better strategy. Instead of nighttime terror was legal 0:08:16.160 --> 0:08:19.680 disenfranchisement and the Jim Crow laws that fucked everything up 0:08:19.720 --> 0:08:23.480 really bad. That's Klan number one, and then you got 0:08:23.520 --> 0:08:26.640 Clan number two. This is the weird multi level marketing 0:08:26.680 --> 0:08:29.560 scheme invented in nineteen fifteen by some people who are 0:08:29.560 --> 0:08:32.840 basically cosplaying the old Clan. It was this huge social 0:08:32.880 --> 0:08:35.280 club for white Protestants that became the armed wing of 0:08:35.280 --> 0:08:37.800 the Prohibition movement as well as the white supremacy movement. 0:08:38.360 --> 0:08:40.679 And they had this whole anti immigrant thing that not 0:08:40.720 --> 0:08:43.360 only had them fighting against black people, but also Jews 0:08:43.360 --> 0:08:47.680 and white Catholics and basically immigrants from anywhere. They just 0:08:47.760 --> 0:08:51.079 fucking hated everyone. Last week we talked about some of 0:08:51.120 --> 0:08:54.760 the organizations that worked to stop them. They fell apart 0:08:55.000 --> 0:08:58.640 because like every financial scam, they fell into bitter infighting 0:08:58.720 --> 0:09:01.200 and disgrace and their property was repossessed and all that shit. 0:09:01.280 --> 0:09:03.439 By the end of the nineteen thirties or the Begain nineteen. 0:09:03.120 --> 0:09:05.480 Thirty time time that was I know. 0:09:05.440 --> 0:09:08.720 That, I know, I want more. Well, we're starting to 0:09:08.720 --> 0:09:11.160 see all of these modern white supremacist movements fall apart 0:09:11.160 --> 0:09:12.560 into weird infighting. 0:09:12.160 --> 0:09:13.520 And it's been really lovely. 0:09:13.559 --> 0:09:15.320 Every time I get a little update like so and 0:09:15.360 --> 0:09:18.559 SOEs go into prison, I'm like, yeah, small. 0:09:18.360 --> 0:09:23.760 Victories totally or the like I wish I had the 0:09:23.760 --> 0:09:25.240 notes in front of me about this, but there's like, 0:09:25.400 --> 0:09:27.520 I don't know, like ten years ago it like went 0:09:27.559 --> 0:09:30.120 around the anti fascist thing that some of the Nazi 0:09:30.160 --> 0:09:33.439 clan member people or whatever, like one of them killed 0:09:33.440 --> 0:09:35.960 the other because they like there was like some like 0:09:36.600 --> 0:09:40.959 incestuous like cheating that happened, Like. 0:09:43.040 --> 0:09:47.000 They're taking themselves down even yes, yeah, all the insurrectionist 0:09:47.040 --> 0:09:49.680 who posted to Instagram, it's like, oh, you made everybody's 0:09:49.760 --> 0:09:50.800 job so much easier. 0:09:50.920 --> 0:09:55.640 I know you, I know. And so that's kind of 0:09:55.640 --> 0:09:58.120 how the nineteen twenties, clan went down even though there 0:09:58.160 --> 0:10:02.720 was they were five millions strong fucking peak. Eventually everyone 0:10:02.760 --> 0:10:06.320 realized that there were a bunch of like just random 0:10:06.320 --> 0:10:09.160 pieces of shit, and people started distancing themselves from them. 0:10:10.080 --> 0:10:13.920 But the fucking clan is like a stupid racist hydra. 0:10:14.559 --> 0:10:17.040 And the third Clan popped back up pretty soon after 0:10:17.080 --> 0:10:19.640 the second Clan went down, and this time they got 0:10:19.679 --> 0:10:22.520 back to their roots, which was terrorizing black people in 0:10:22.600 --> 0:10:26.559 order to maintain white supremacy. And you know, this is 0:10:26.640 --> 0:10:28.760 kind of back when you people were like really blatant 0:10:28.840 --> 0:10:31.480 about being white supremacists. Actually, we're getting back there, We're 0:10:31.520 --> 0:10:34.920 getting back to that point. But they never reached quite 0:10:34.920 --> 0:10:36.920 the numbers of the Second Klan because they were less 0:10:36.920 --> 0:10:39.480 of like a popular organization, right, and they were more 0:10:39.640 --> 0:10:44.360 just like just fucking terrorists, right. They were really die hard. 0:10:44.440 --> 0:10:46.839 They were decentralized, and they got an awful lot of 0:10:46.920 --> 0:10:51.679 terrorism done. They also there's like arguments to be made 0:10:51.720 --> 0:10:53.760 about whether they infiltrated the police or whether they just 0:10:53.800 --> 0:10:55.240 came out of the police, you know. 0:10:55.280 --> 0:11:00.880 Mmmmm yeah, yeah, I'm on team the slave catchers into police. 0:11:01.120 --> 0:11:03.880 Yeah, yeah, I think I think most people would agree 0:11:03.920 --> 0:11:04.360 with that. 0:11:04.640 --> 0:11:07.000 As we just look at their badges, it's who's happening 0:11:07.280 --> 0:11:12.480 and the current forever police lineage of just you know, 0:11:12.559 --> 0:11:16.160 active lynching. Yeah, I think they're one in the same. 0:11:16.400 --> 0:11:20.959 Yeah, So third clan has a lot of cops in it, 0:11:21.559 --> 0:11:23.920 or the cops have a lot of clan in it 0:11:24.120 --> 0:11:28.720 or whatever. We're just using synonyms. But wherever there's the 0:11:28.720 --> 0:11:31.160 bad people, there's the people trying to stop the bad people. 0:11:31.200 --> 0:11:32.959 And we're going to talk about some of those cool people. 0:11:34.320 --> 0:11:36.920 And we're going to talk today. We're going to talk 0:11:36.960 --> 0:11:41.560 a lot about some of the nonviolent organizations, right and 0:11:41.600 --> 0:11:44.240 then on Wednesday we're going to come back and talk 0:11:44.280 --> 0:11:47.960 more about a lot of the organizations that defended them, 0:11:48.240 --> 0:11:50.360 even though there was a whole decentralized defense of them 0:11:50.400 --> 0:11:52.679 that happened before that. And so we're going to talk 0:11:52.679 --> 0:11:56.280 about two of the major nonviolent organizations today. We're going 0:11:56.320 --> 0:11:58.160 to talk about CORE and we're going to talk about SNICK. 0:11:58.600 --> 0:12:02.400 There's like a bunch more than this. SCLC will come 0:12:02.400 --> 0:12:04.480 into it a lot, the NAACP will come into it 0:12:04.520 --> 0:12:06.680 a lot. But for what we're going to talk about 0:12:06.760 --> 0:12:10.360 Core and SNICK kind of where it's at the oldest 0:12:10.360 --> 0:12:13.360 one of these groups is the Congress of Racial Equality, 0:12:13.720 --> 0:12:16.240 just founded in nineteen forty two. It grew out of 0:12:16.240 --> 0:12:19.960 the Christian pacifist movement, especially a group called the Fellowship 0:12:20.000 --> 0:12:23.960 of Reconciliation. Only about a third of its founders were black. 0:12:24.320 --> 0:12:26.920 I was founded by almost half women, which for the 0:12:26.960 --> 0:12:30.400 time is better than some of the other people around. 0:12:30.440 --> 0:12:33.640 You know, a lot of the founders of this were 0:12:33.679 --> 0:12:37.880 ministers and of various Christian denominations, and that is actually 0:12:37.880 --> 0:12:41.400 something that they like. The multi faith getting together, the 0:12:41.400 --> 0:12:43.560 groups that got together a lot of different faith based 0:12:43.640 --> 0:12:45.520 organizations to do a lot of good work is like 0:12:45.559 --> 0:12:47.280 something that I think sometimes is left out of the 0:12:47.320 --> 0:12:53.720 more radical understandings of all of this history. Basically, Core 0:12:53.840 --> 0:12:56.920 started as a we like what Gandhi is doing in India, 0:12:57.320 --> 0:12:59.760 We're going to do that for anti racism in the US. 0:13:00.400 --> 0:13:03.240 And they got together. They fought against Jim Crow laws, 0:13:03.280 --> 0:13:06.920 housing discrimination, voting rights, all that stuff. They were pretty cool. 0:13:07.640 --> 0:13:11.000 They have complicated stuff that we'll get into, but you 0:13:11.040 --> 0:13:16.840 know everyone does. In nineteen forty seven, Corps sent sixteen people, 0:13:17.280 --> 0:13:21.720 eight white, eight black on a journey of reconciliation on buses, 0:13:21.760 --> 0:13:24.440 and this was kind of the first Freedom Ride about 0:13:24.480 --> 0:13:28.000 fifteen years before the freedom rides became more of a thing. 0:13:28.640 --> 0:13:32.000 And this first journey was a mix of folks that 0:13:32.080 --> 0:13:35.400 had socialists, that had religious leaders at Pacifist, it has musicians, 0:13:35.440 --> 0:13:37.440 it had just like people who wanted the world to 0:13:37.440 --> 0:13:38.960 be better, who were like, fuck it, let's go do 0:13:39.000 --> 0:13:42.840 this weird, dangerous thing where the government had just passed 0:13:43.280 --> 0:13:46.839 a law banning segregation on interstate travel, and so basically 0:13:46.880 --> 0:13:48.320 they were like, all right, we're going to go test that. 0:13:48.520 --> 0:13:51.800 We're going to go said people like basically white and 0:13:51.800 --> 0:13:53.640 black people sitting next to each other on the bus 0:13:53.760 --> 0:13:55.240 or sometimes the white people sat in the back of 0:13:55.280 --> 0:13:56.920 the bus and black people sat in the front of 0:13:56.920 --> 0:14:01.000 the bus. All this shit, and they just basically went 0:14:01.040 --> 0:14:03.679 around the South, the kind of near South, doing this. 0:14:06.040 --> 0:14:09.920 It didn't go smoothly. I don't know whether that'll be 0:14:10.440 --> 0:14:14.959 shocking to hear. It didn't take long before four of 0:14:15.000 --> 0:14:16.719 them were arrested. I mean, this is okay. This is 0:14:16.720 --> 0:14:18.040 like one of the things that's so interesting me about 0:14:18.040 --> 0:14:20.480 this right is like so much of the Civil rights 0:14:20.600 --> 0:14:22.920 era stuff was basically like the federal government like would 0:14:22.920 --> 0:14:24.760 pass a law and then people would be like, let's 0:14:24.760 --> 0:14:26.840 go see if this law is real, and then they 0:14:26.840 --> 0:14:28.800 would find out that the law is not real because 0:14:28.800 --> 0:14:34.800 the local police everywhere they go, would you know. So basically, 0:14:35.880 --> 0:14:37.760 two black men were arrested for not moving to the 0:14:37.760 --> 0:14:39.720 back of the bus, and two white men were arrested 0:14:39.760 --> 0:14:42.080 for defending the two black men who would not move 0:14:42.120 --> 0:14:43.320 to the back of the bus. All four of them 0:14:43.440 --> 0:14:46.680 ended up on segregated chain gangs. The black men got 0:14:46.680 --> 0:14:49.360 thirty days and the white men got ninety days. And 0:14:49.480 --> 0:14:53.600 specifically because the racist judge was so mad at the 0:14:53.640 --> 0:14:56.280 white people for betraying whiteness. 0:14:56.720 --> 0:15:01.400 Wow, wow, that is the deep de deep seated hate. 0:15:01.440 --> 0:15:03.480 Because it's one thing to be like, I hate black 0:15:03.520 --> 0:15:05.920 people and I punish them more harshly. It's another thing 0:15:05.960 --> 0:15:07.680 to be like and if you're a white person, I'll 0:15:07.680 --> 0:15:10.760 punish you three times. Is hard because screw you. He's 0:15:10.760 --> 0:15:13.080 including my agenda, I guess. Wow. 0:15:13.960 --> 0:15:19.240 Yeah, Like overall, like clearly including in the civil rights movement, 0:15:19.440 --> 0:15:22.000 Like it was much harder for black folks as part 0:15:22.000 --> 0:15:23.760 of the civil rights movement the wife than the like 0:15:23.800 --> 0:15:25.960 white allies and stuff. But here and there you would 0:15:26.000 --> 0:15:27.880 run across this kind of shit where like the clan 0:15:27.920 --> 0:15:30.520 would go around being like, hey, any white people, if 0:15:30.520 --> 0:15:33.240 you show up and support this, we're gonna murder you, 0:15:33.240 --> 0:15:35.600 you know, or or whatever like that. That kind of 0:15:35.640 --> 0:15:37.320 shit happened a lot. We're gonna get to some of that. 0:15:38.840 --> 0:15:41.520 So the judge, I'm not going to read the quote 0:15:41.560 --> 0:15:44.400 of what I literally can't the judge said a lot 0:15:44.400 --> 0:15:45.880 of racist shit in the sentence scene. 0:15:46.400 --> 0:15:50.280 But it and I'll do an interpretation of the No. 0:15:50.280 --> 0:15:50.800 No, I didn't. 0:15:51.480 --> 0:15:53.440 I didn't even copy and paste it in my script. 0:15:53.480 --> 0:15:55.600 It's just bad. It's just bad shit, you know. 0:15:56.080 --> 0:15:56.320 Sure. 0:15:56.920 --> 0:15:59.520 But in it he specifically called the two white men 0:15:59.560 --> 0:16:03.000 who I belil leave were not Jewish, referred to them 0:16:03.040 --> 0:16:05.120 as white Jews from or sorry, referred to them as 0:16:05.200 --> 0:16:06.080 Jews from New York. 0:16:06.920 --> 0:16:10.720 Okay, so not even doing his research, just just out 0:16:10.720 --> 0:16:12.960 here being like if they held the blacks, they must 0:16:13.000 --> 0:16:13.920 be Jews. 0:16:13.920 --> 0:16:15.480 Just lumping all that hate together. 0:16:15.680 --> 0:16:20.000 Just yeah, it's like that, like it's like the coastal 0:16:20.080 --> 0:16:23.920 elites coming here and ruining everything. You must basically be 0:16:24.160 --> 0:16:26.880 the Jews from New York and the like Jewish agenda 0:16:27.000 --> 0:16:31.760 to desegregate the United States. And it was just a 0:16:31.840 --> 0:16:33.800 slur I think for him, like I don't think he 0:16:33.880 --> 0:16:36.680 thought they were Jews. I think it's possible, and I 0:16:36.920 --> 0:16:39.440 couldn't the books I was reading about it didn't like 0:16:39.760 --> 0:16:42.560 name which of the white people were the people who 0:16:42.600 --> 0:16:46.600 got arrested. But it's completely possible they were like Christian ministers, 0:16:47.000 --> 0:16:50.080 you know, so they get arrested. They spent some time 0:16:50.080 --> 0:16:53.280 on the chain gang. And one thing of note, they 0:16:53.280 --> 0:16:55.560 intentionally went to the Near South and not the Deep South, 0:16:55.680 --> 0:16:57.800 because basically they were like, if we do this in 0:16:57.840 --> 0:17:01.040 the Deep South, we're all going to die. And it 0:17:01.080 --> 0:17:03.000 took a special kind of courage to go to the 0:17:03.040 --> 0:17:07.159 Deep South and desegregate and enroll voters, and or be 0:17:07.240 --> 0:17:10.199 from the Deep South and desegregate and enroll voters. And 0:17:10.240 --> 0:17:12.120 it's a kind of a courage that many of them found, 0:17:12.200 --> 0:17:16.160 which we'll get to later. One of the black men 0:17:16.200 --> 0:17:17.960 who serve some time on a chain gang is part 0:17:17.960 --> 0:17:20.720 of the result of this journey for desegregation. Was a 0:17:20.760 --> 0:17:22.480 guy I want to take a closer look at because 0:17:22.480 --> 0:17:25.280 he rules, or at least he did a lot of 0:17:25.280 --> 0:17:28.679 really cool stuff. Everyone's complicated. His name was Bayard Rustin. 0:17:28.760 --> 0:17:30.840 I know, it's like I'm like, yeah, this guy's awesome, 0:17:30.840 --> 0:17:33.280 and you get to like part of the like descriptions 0:17:33.280 --> 0:17:39.160 of him that you find, You're like, oh, well, you know, yeah, 0:17:39.200 --> 0:17:42.399 but like whatever womst amongst it? Like okay, So Bayard 0:17:42.480 --> 0:17:45.400 Rusting he was a black gay Quaker. 0:17:46.320 --> 0:17:46.879 Amazing. 0:17:47.240 --> 0:17:50.439 Yeah, and this this is this recurring thing on this 0:17:50.520 --> 0:17:54.000 show where somehow Quakers end up in every episode. I've 0:17:54.040 --> 0:17:57.040 never done an episode on the Quakers. They're everywhere. 0:17:57.400 --> 0:18:00.480 The Quaker is really rocked with black people, Like whar 0:18:00.680 --> 0:18:03.520 They were like, no, we're not down with this slavery thing, 0:18:03.640 --> 0:18:06.160 and we will help for you where we can't. 0:18:06.880 --> 0:18:10.159 Yeah, exactly, Like I keep running across being like and 0:18:10.200 --> 0:18:13.360 then the people who organized to get black people out 0:18:13.359 --> 0:18:17.760 of slavery were black people and some white Quakers, you know, 0:18:17.840 --> 0:18:24.639 over and over again. So Bayard Rustin he was deeply 0:18:24.680 --> 0:18:27.480 involved in Core from its founding and he was everywhere. 0:18:27.520 --> 0:18:30.200 He did everything mostly from behind the scenes because people 0:18:30.200 --> 0:18:33.520 were afraid that his homosexuality or socialism would make their 0:18:33.560 --> 0:18:35.840 movements look bad. And I want to talk about him 0:18:35.840 --> 0:18:39.840 really quick. He was kicked out of his university for 0:18:39.960 --> 0:18:43.760 organizing a strike. He sang tenor on Broadway in the choir. 0:18:44.480 --> 0:18:47.600 He sang spirituals on a ton of records. He joined 0:18:47.600 --> 0:18:49.480 the Communist Party for a little while, and then he 0:18:49.520 --> 0:18:51.760 realized that Stalin was a fuck, and so he quit 0:18:52.160 --> 0:18:55.119 the Communist Party and he became a socialist. Specifically, he 0:18:55.160 --> 0:18:57.480 was in the Communist Party until the USSR ordered the 0:18:57.480 --> 0:19:00.000 Communist Party in the US to stop working for civil 0:19:00.119 --> 0:19:02.680 rights and start working to try and get the US 0:19:02.720 --> 0:19:06.240 to join World War two. He organized a march on 0:19:06.480 --> 0:19:09.360 Washington for the desegregation of the armed forces. He went 0:19:09.400 --> 0:19:11.639 to California to fight against the racist in prison of 0:19:11.680 --> 0:19:15.080 the imprisonment of the Japanese during the war. He would like, 0:19:15.280 --> 0:19:17.120 go and try and make sure that people could hold 0:19:17.160 --> 0:19:19.000 onto their property and shit like that while they were 0:19:19.040 --> 0:19:21.679 being taken into the fucking concentration camps that the US had, 0:19:21.720 --> 0:19:25.680 because US is deeply racist. He was arrested nineteen forty 0:19:25.720 --> 0:19:27.560 two for refusing to give up his seat on a 0:19:27.600 --> 0:19:31.440 bus and that was the moment, I mean, he was 0:19:31.880 --> 0:19:33.879 arrested for being black on a bus, and that was 0:19:33.920 --> 0:19:36.120 the moment where he was like, from now on, I'm 0:19:36.119 --> 0:19:38.520 not going to hide the fact that I'm gay. Because 0:19:38.560 --> 0:19:43.240 he basically was just like, oh, I'm with the biggots. 0:19:44.119 --> 0:19:47.400 It's hard for me to like totally explain this epiphany 0:19:47.440 --> 0:19:48.760 that he had, but he talks about it and I 0:19:48.760 --> 0:19:51.440 should have put the quote in and I didn't, And 0:19:52.680 --> 0:19:55.640 he got arrested again and again for basically fighting everything bad. 0:19:55.680 --> 0:19:59.000 He fought against the colonization of India by the British. 0:19:59.119 --> 0:20:01.440 One time restled for being gay. Like one time he 0:20:01.440 --> 0:20:02.960