1 00:00:02,840 --> 00:00:06,840 Speaker 1: From Mediators World News Headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is 2 00:00:06,960 --> 00:00:10,880 Speaker 1: Cal's we Can review, presented by Steel Steel products are 3 00:00:10,880 --> 00:00:14,680 Speaker 1: available only at authorized dealers. For more, go to Steel 4 00:00:14,760 --> 00:00:20,720 Speaker 1: Dealers dot com. Now here's your host, Ryan cal callahan. 5 00:00:22,360 --> 00:00:25,040 Speaker 1: It looks like we have a new weapon in the 6 00:00:25,120 --> 00:00:31,120 Speaker 1: struggle against America's favorite invasive species, Sue scraffa a k a. 7 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:36,000 Speaker 1: The feral pig. That weapon is sodium nitrite, a common 8 00:00:36,040 --> 00:00:39,320 Speaker 1: substance that is mostly safe for humans and other animals 9 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:42,320 Speaker 1: to eat. In fact, it's a key ingredient in curing salt, 10 00:00:42,680 --> 00:00:45,640 Speaker 1: which some of you sausage makers out there used to 11 00:00:45,680 --> 00:00:49,959 Speaker 1: give your finished product an appealing pink color. If you've 12 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:53,080 Speaker 1: ever tried to cure ham or make a corned moose tongue, 13 00:00:53,320 --> 00:00:57,880 Speaker 1: you also know sodium nitrite. When sodium nitrite enters the body, 14 00:00:58,120 --> 00:01:02,520 Speaker 1: it is converted into a compound called met hemoglobin. You've 15 00:01:02,600 --> 00:01:06,319 Speaker 1: probably heard of regular hemoglobin, the protein in your blood 16 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:10,720 Speaker 1: that carries oxygen to your cells. Met Hemoglobin can't bind 17 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:13,399 Speaker 1: to oxygen. If you have too much of it in 18 00:01:13,440 --> 00:01:17,360 Speaker 1: your blood, less and less oxygen gets into your tissue. 19 00:01:17,760 --> 00:01:25,120 Speaker 1: Eventually you start suffering from oxygen starvation known as hypoxia. Luckily, 20 00:01:25,400 --> 00:01:29,640 Speaker 1: most animals, including humans, also produce an enzyme called met 21 00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:34,160 Speaker 1: hemoglobin reductase, which, as you could probably tell from the name, 22 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:38,920 Speaker 1: reduces the amount of met hemoglobin in your blood, converting 23 00:01:38,959 --> 00:01:43,399 Speaker 1: it into good, old standard hemoglobin. Unless you are shoveling 24 00:01:43,480 --> 00:01:46,720 Speaker 1: sodium nitride into your mouth, this enzyme should keep you 25 00:01:46,760 --> 00:01:51,320 Speaker 1: protected from the stuff. However, pigs might be the only 26 00:01:51,440 --> 00:01:56,320 Speaker 1: animal that can't produce met hemoglobin reductase. When they ingest 27 00:01:56,400 --> 00:01:59,800 Speaker 1: any significant amount of sodium nitrite, their blood stops carrying 28 00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:04,320 Speaker 1: oxygen effectively and they die from hypoxia. This was discovered 29 00:02:04,360 --> 00:02:08,800 Speaker 1: by accident win domestic pigs ingested plants and water contaminated 30 00:02:08,840 --> 00:02:13,120 Speaker 1: with chemical fertilizer that broke down into sodium nitrite. Which 31 00:02:13,280 --> 00:02:15,600 Speaker 1: now you can add this crazy scenario to the list 32 00:02:15,600 --> 00:02:20,720 Speaker 1: of major scientific breakthroughs discovered by accident, maybe most famously 33 00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:25,520 Speaker 1: the case of biologist Alexander Fleming, who in accidentally left 34 00:02:25,520 --> 00:02:28,600 Speaker 1: the cover off a petri dish filled with staff bacteria. 35 00:02:28,960 --> 00:02:31,480 Speaker 1: He noticed that mold spores that had blown in through 36 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:35,240 Speaker 1: an open window killed the bacteria, leading to the development 37 00:02:35,320 --> 00:02:39,480 Speaker 1: of penicillin like got poison reverse type situation. You know, 38 00:02:39,639 --> 00:02:42,959 Speaker 1: So there's that, and then there's killing pigs with sodium nitrite. 39 00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:46,600 Speaker 1: We don't make mistakes. We have happy accidents. So today 40 00:02:46,880 --> 00:02:49,040 Speaker 1: let's have a happy accident. Let's see what we can 41 00:02:49,120 --> 00:02:52,639 Speaker 1: make out of it. Anyway, an Australian company has now 42 00:02:52,680 --> 00:02:56,680 Speaker 1: developed a sodium nitrite based poison four feral pigs called 43 00:02:57,040 --> 00:03:02,880 Speaker 1: hog on. Uh get it like dog gone, but for hogs, 44 00:03:03,280 --> 00:03:07,880 Speaker 1: and gone like you know you want the hogs gone. 45 00:03:08,840 --> 00:03:11,160 Speaker 1: I can explain this pun more in depth if you'd like, 46 00:03:11,720 --> 00:03:13,760 Speaker 1: just you know, right in say s K C A 47 00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:16,200 Speaker 1: L at the meteor dot com. Let me know, I 48 00:03:16,240 --> 00:03:22,639 Speaker 1: can schedule a longer episode on that or hm now 49 00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:31,120 Speaker 1: hog gone? Where was I? M hmmm? Sodium nitrate is 50 00:03:31,240 --> 00:03:33,960 Speaker 1: cheap and easy to come by, but as it turns out, 51 00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:37,120 Speaker 1: pigs hate the taste of salt, so the company developed 52 00:03:37,160 --> 00:03:41,160 Speaker 1: a special micro encapsulation coating and managed to make the 53 00:03:41,200 --> 00:03:45,280 Speaker 1: stuff taste like peanut butter. In trials, pigs eight limited 54 00:03:45,320 --> 00:03:48,240 Speaker 1: amounts of hog Gone wandered off to sleep and then 55 00:03:48,320 --> 00:03:51,440 Speaker 1: headed to the Great Wallow in the sky with much 56 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:55,160 Speaker 1: less suffering than other poisons. How they determine the suffering 57 00:03:55,600 --> 00:03:59,320 Speaker 1: I can only assume as visual trials at certain sites 58 00:03:59,400 --> 00:04:02,920 Speaker 1: in Australa, Oh, you have shown that one kill rates 59 00:04:03,000 --> 00:04:06,600 Speaker 1: are not uncommon. Just as importantly, it seems that hog 60 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:10,760 Speaker 1: gone is harmless to other animals because those animals have 61 00:04:11,040 --> 00:04:15,320 Speaker 1: plenty of the met hemoglobin reducta his enzyme that the 62 00:04:15,320 --> 00:04:19,000 Speaker 1: pigs lack. We've talked before on the show about secondary 63 00:04:19,040 --> 00:04:22,640 Speaker 1: toxicity affecting all kinds of animals when poisons persist in 64 00:04:22,680 --> 00:04:26,400 Speaker 1: the landscape, especially for scavengers. If you poison a carcass 65 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:29,159 Speaker 1: with the intent to kill a scavenger, you also kill 66 00:04:29,200 --> 00:04:33,160 Speaker 1: whatever else wanders by poison is indiscriminate, which has been 67 00:04:33,160 --> 00:04:36,440 Speaker 1: a problem for earlier kinds of pig poison as well 68 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:40,239 Speaker 1: as just like the history of poison. Another fun fact 69 00:04:40,320 --> 00:04:44,520 Speaker 1: for hog Gone is it's apparently completely safe for people 70 00:04:44,680 --> 00:04:50,000 Speaker 1: to eat pigs killed by hog gone. Imagine you cured 71 00:04:50,080 --> 00:04:54,560 Speaker 1: meat lovers could harvest and pre brian your swine, which 72 00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,680 Speaker 1: if anyone is listening at hog Gone, that is my 73 00:04:57,800 --> 00:05:02,279 Speaker 1: slogan and you had better come to me before using it. 74 00:05:04,880 --> 00:05:09,680 Speaker 1: For what the current peanut butter flavor could work well 75 00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:12,719 Speaker 1: with a Thai style smoked pork. I'd watch out for 76 00:05:12,800 --> 00:05:16,200 Speaker 1: future hog on offerings and like a Kansas City sweet mix, 77 00:05:16,480 --> 00:05:21,000 Speaker 1: possibly a Carolina mustard. In all seriousness, this salty peanut 78 00:05:21,040 --> 00:05:24,640 Speaker 1: butter seems headed for regulatory approval in the next few years. 79 00:05:24,640 --> 00:05:27,520 Speaker 1: This could become a major factor in the fight against 80 00:05:27,560 --> 00:05:32,159 Speaker 1: invasive pigs. The question will remain are people going to 81 00:05:32,320 --> 00:05:38,520 Speaker 1: use it? Whole industries and recreation labeled weekends that involved fuel, ammunition, 82 00:05:38,520 --> 00:05:43,240 Speaker 1: and restaurant purchases are based around feral hogs after all. Now, 83 00:05:43,279 --> 00:05:45,520 Speaker 1: I don't want this segment to come across as an 84 00:05:45,520 --> 00:05:49,600 Speaker 1: ad for this stuff. Although trials have shown no impact 85 00:05:49,640 --> 00:05:53,279 Speaker 1: on other animals, I of course worry about impacts on 86 00:05:53,320 --> 00:05:57,280 Speaker 1: other animals. Eventually we may find out that maybe not 87 00:05:57,400 --> 00:06:00,720 Speaker 1: quail or grouse don't have met he will globe and 88 00:06:00,760 --> 00:06:03,680 Speaker 1: reducta is. But maybe like the bugs that they eat 89 00:06:03,720 --> 00:06:05,840 Speaker 1: and depend on at the early stages of their life, 90 00:06:05,880 --> 00:06:10,039 Speaker 1: are affected by the droppings of this peanut butter salt compound. 91 00:06:10,440 --> 00:06:12,840 Speaker 1: And then you know we're gonna find out way too late. 92 00:06:13,240 --> 00:06:16,520 Speaker 1: History is full of this stuff. It's possible. The other 93 00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:19,159 Speaker 1: thing that we're going to have to confront is if 94 00:06:19,160 --> 00:06:21,640 Speaker 1: this stuff is as good as advertised and feral pig 95 00:06:21,680 --> 00:06:25,560 Speaker 1: numbers dropped dramatically. Are we hunters going to really like 96 00:06:25,680 --> 00:06:30,200 Speaker 1: having less pigs around? While also bragging about how important 97 00:06:30,560 --> 00:06:33,720 Speaker 1: US hunters are in the quote war on feral pigs. 98 00:06:34,400 --> 00:06:38,080 Speaker 1: The US has nearly nine million feral pigs who do 99 00:06:38,120 --> 00:06:41,360 Speaker 1: an estimated two billion dollars worth of damage. That's a 100 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:45,760 Speaker 1: very conservative estimate, by the way, every year, and those 101 00:06:45,760 --> 00:06:49,000 Speaker 1: pigs create havoc for all other kinds of species. However, 102 00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:51,880 Speaker 1: as bad as that is, it pales in comparison with 103 00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:55,839 Speaker 1: Australia's problems. They're dealing with an estimated twenty four million 104 00:06:56,120 --> 00:07:01,880 Speaker 1: feral pigs. This week, we've got alligator and ascid, neolithic 105 00:07:01,920 --> 00:07:04,719 Speaker 1: non marks, the crime desk, and so much more. But 106 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:08,039 Speaker 1: first I'm gonna tell you about my week and my 107 00:07:08,120 --> 00:07:10,680 Speaker 1: week as well as this podcast, as you know, is 108 00:07:10,720 --> 00:07:14,240 Speaker 1: sponsored by Steel Power Equipment Well snort, and I finally 109 00:07:14,320 --> 00:07:16,960 Speaker 1: got back to doing some training. I'm not gonna lie. 110 00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:20,520 Speaker 1: The dog is very spoiled, but she works really hard until, 111 00:07:20,560 --> 00:07:23,240 Speaker 1: of course, she got bit by that damn rattlesnake. So 112 00:07:23,320 --> 00:07:26,600 Speaker 1: the combination of being very spoiled minus the hard work 113 00:07:26,720 --> 00:07:30,600 Speaker 1: was making me very nervous. Youth waterfowl season is coming 114 00:07:30,640 --> 00:07:34,640 Speaker 1: up fast and snort will be ready. The ear maybe 115 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:38,000 Speaker 1: permanently bald. So I'm actively coming up with some workarounds 116 00:07:38,040 --> 00:07:41,880 Speaker 1: for late season temperatures, wind, chill and such. We'll get there, 117 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:45,840 Speaker 1: I promise. That reminds me. Season ten of Meat Eater 118 00:07:46,160 --> 00:07:49,520 Speaker 1: coming out hot on Netflix. Available by the time you 119 00:07:49,560 --> 00:07:52,680 Speaker 1: hear this. Get fired up for fall and temper yourself 120 00:07:52,720 --> 00:07:55,520 Speaker 1: for late season by checking out Season ten of Meat 121 00:07:55,560 --> 00:08:02,640 Speaker 1: Eater only on Netflix. What else is going on? Gearing 122 00:08:02,720 --> 00:08:05,320 Speaker 1: up for a moose hunt? Not mine, but a friend 123 00:08:05,320 --> 00:08:08,320 Speaker 1: of mine, the old pot bellied stallium. We're hoping for 124 00:08:08,400 --> 00:08:11,080 Speaker 1: the cool weather to come in and the moose rut 125 00:08:11,120 --> 00:08:24,040 Speaker 1: to come on strong. Ah, that's my cow. Moose call. 126 00:08:24,560 --> 00:08:32,040 Speaker 1: Oh no, no, no, no, no, no no no no 127 00:08:32,040 --> 00:08:35,040 Speaker 1: no no, no, no no no. Moving on to the 128 00:08:35,200 --> 00:08:39,800 Speaker 1: prehistoric reptile desk. Earlier this month, the owner of a 129 00:08:39,840 --> 00:08:44,040 Speaker 1: game processing facility in Mississippi discovered two Native American artifacts 130 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:48,160 Speaker 1: buried in the contents of an alligator stomach. Yep, you 131 00:08:48,200 --> 00:08:51,440 Speaker 1: heard that right. The seven hundred and fifty pound thirteen 132 00:08:51,480 --> 00:08:54,640 Speaker 1: foot reptile had gobbled up what looked like an arrowhead 133 00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:58,720 Speaker 1: and a hand carved tear shaped stone Shane Smith, owner 134 00:08:58,760 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 1: of red Antler Process Saying, told me that he decided 135 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:05,360 Speaker 1: to start digging through alligator stomachs after hearing about someone 136 00:09:05,480 --> 00:09:08,839 Speaker 1: finding dog tags in a gator's stomach in South Carolina. 137 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:12,320 Speaker 1: He's cut into four or five big alligators so far, 138 00:09:12,520 --> 00:09:15,520 Speaker 1: and he's found everything from fishing lures to an unfired 139 00:09:15,600 --> 00:09:19,680 Speaker 1: forty five caliber bolt. In this alligator, Smith found the 140 00:09:19,800 --> 00:09:23,240 Speaker 1: usual bones, hair, feathers, and stones, but he also noticed 141 00:09:23,320 --> 00:09:25,640 Speaker 1: a rock that didn't look like the others. It turned 142 00:09:25,679 --> 00:09:28,040 Speaker 1: out to be the point of an at lattle dart, 143 00:09:28,400 --> 00:09:31,360 Speaker 1: an ancient weapon that uses a piece of wood to 144 00:09:31,520 --> 00:09:34,600 Speaker 1: launch a pointed spear. If you haven't seen this, the 145 00:09:34,640 --> 00:09:37,720 Speaker 1: YouTube world's full of them. Basically use a piece of 146 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:42,640 Speaker 1: wood as a lever to hurl a shortened spear at 147 00:09:42,880 --> 00:09:47,280 Speaker 1: faster speeds and longer distances. People can get very accurate 148 00:09:47,320 --> 00:09:50,920 Speaker 1: with these. In fact, states have added at lattle seasons 149 00:09:50,960 --> 00:09:54,760 Speaker 1: into hunting seasons or legal means of take during archery season. 150 00:09:55,440 --> 00:09:58,520 Speaker 1: Experts told local media that the at lettle point was 151 00:09:58,600 --> 00:10:02,200 Speaker 1: likely made between five thousand and six thousand BC, which 152 00:10:02,200 --> 00:10:05,120 Speaker 1: would make it about eight thousand years old. I gotta 153 00:10:05,200 --> 00:10:07,960 Speaker 1: say for being eight thousand years old and in an 154 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:11,760 Speaker 1: alligator stomach. It's in pretty good shape. They just don't 155 00:10:11,880 --> 00:10:15,400 Speaker 1: make outdoor gear like they used to. The second object 156 00:10:15,720 --> 00:10:19,000 Speaker 1: is an even bigger mystery. Smith assumed at first it 157 00:10:19,040 --> 00:10:21,880 Speaker 1: was a fishing weight, but he soon learned that it's 158 00:10:21,920 --> 00:10:26,080 Speaker 1: a late Archaic period device called a plummet. This heavy, 159 00:10:26,200 --> 00:10:29,000 Speaker 1: tear shaped object is about one and a half inches long. 160 00:10:29,240 --> 00:10:32,040 Speaker 1: It's finely carved and has two holes near the top 161 00:10:32,080 --> 00:10:33,920 Speaker 1: that do not go all the way through the stone. 162 00:10:34,400 --> 00:10:37,720 Speaker 1: It's made from hematite, an iron oxide used by Native 163 00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:41,840 Speaker 1: groups between one thousand and two thousand BC. Archaeologists have 164 00:10:41,880 --> 00:10:44,959 Speaker 1: found thousands of these objects, but no one quite knows 165 00:10:45,040 --> 00:10:48,080 Speaker 1: what they were used for. Some believe they were used 166 00:10:48,080 --> 00:10:50,920 Speaker 1: as fishing weights or charms, while others think they were 167 00:10:51,040 --> 00:10:54,080 Speaker 1: used as a bolas, a weapon made of weights tied 168 00:10:54,120 --> 00:10:57,000 Speaker 1: to the ends of interconnected chords made to like tangle 169 00:10:57,080 --> 00:11:00,560 Speaker 1: up birds and small game. One too was an eleven 170 00:11:00,600 --> 00:11:04,120 Speaker 1: study by researchers in Louisiana hypothesized that they were used 171 00:11:04,160 --> 00:11:08,280 Speaker 1: in a weighted loom weaving process. We don't know what 172 00:11:08,400 --> 00:11:11,880 Speaker 1: Native Americans used plummets for, but we do know how 173 00:11:11,920 --> 00:11:14,839 Speaker 1: they ended up in an alligator stomach, and no, as 174 00:11:14,840 --> 00:11:17,800 Speaker 1: far as we know, the gator didn't eat an archaeologist 175 00:11:18,240 --> 00:11:25,880 Speaker 1: that belongs. Alligators often eat grit and rocks to help 176 00:11:25,880 --> 00:11:29,640 Speaker 1: with digestion. They don't have gizzards like ducks and chickens, 177 00:11:29,760 --> 00:11:33,120 Speaker 1: but they still consume stones to help break up indigestible 178 00:11:33,160 --> 00:11:35,920 Speaker 1: objects in their stomachs, like I don't know, pieces of 179 00:11:35,960 --> 00:11:39,360 Speaker 1: wood or large junks of bone. So after sitting on 180 00:11:39,360 --> 00:11:42,240 Speaker 1: a river bottom or bank for thousands of years, these 181 00:11:42,280 --> 00:11:45,560 Speaker 1: ancient artifacts, whatever they were used for during their time, 182 00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:50,080 Speaker 1: were consumed and put to a much different use as 183 00:11:50,120 --> 00:11:55,160 Speaker 1: a an acid of sorts a digestive. Hard to find 184 00:11:55,200 --> 00:11:59,640 Speaker 1: that feature on any modern multitool, isn't it? Quick fun 185 00:11:59,679 --> 00:12:03,839 Speaker 1: fact for you? What is the difference between gastro light 186 00:12:04,040 --> 00:12:08,640 Speaker 1: and gastro lyth. A gastro lith is a stomach stone, 187 00:12:08,880 --> 00:12:13,400 Speaker 1: which is exactly what these ancient artifacts became. A gastro 188 00:12:13,559 --> 00:12:16,760 Speaker 1: light is what happens to a gastro lith when it 189 00:12:16,840 --> 00:12:20,320 Speaker 1: passes through the system. You can think of that as 190 00:12:20,360 --> 00:12:28,360 Speaker 1: a stinky stomach stone. Next up, lab raised meat. We've 191 00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:31,200 Speaker 1: covered this topic several times before, so I won't bore 192 00:12:31,280 --> 00:12:34,240 Speaker 1: you with a long introduction. If you'd like to hear 193 00:12:34,280 --> 00:12:37,000 Speaker 1: my thoughts on this debate, check out episode eighty four. 194 00:12:37,200 --> 00:12:40,640 Speaker 1: It's enough to say that I'm not a fan. Currently, 195 00:12:40,920 --> 00:12:42,880 Speaker 1: we have a lot of people on this planet who 196 00:12:42,880 --> 00:12:45,600 Speaker 1: do not know where food comes from. I mean, it's 197 00:12:45,679 --> 00:12:49,280 Speaker 1: one banana, Michael, what could it cost ten dollars? If 198 00:12:49,320 --> 00:12:51,959 Speaker 1: you look out my window here in Bozeman, you can 199 00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:54,959 Speaker 1: see the once prime farm ground of the Gallatin Valley 200 00:12:55,040 --> 00:12:58,040 Speaker 1: being chewed up by the houses in Kentucky blue grass 201 00:12:58,040 --> 00:13:02,400 Speaker 1: that's surround them. All of these residents are consuming food stuffs, 202 00:13:02,440 --> 00:13:04,800 Speaker 1: But where does that food stuff come from? Once you 203 00:13:04,880 --> 00:13:07,360 Speaker 1: put a house on top of where it grows, can't 204 00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:09,880 Speaker 1: come from here anymore. If we start growing meat in 205 00:13:09,920 --> 00:13:12,880 Speaker 1: the lab, it is conceivable to me that we might 206 00:13:12,920 --> 00:13:16,120 Speaker 1: stop caring about the land that meat is supposed to 207 00:13:16,120 --> 00:13:20,000 Speaker 1: come from and trying to protect that land in its entirety. 208 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:23,120 Speaker 1: That does not sit well with me. The latest update 209 00:13:23,160 --> 00:13:25,280 Speaker 1: in this controversy began when the U. S. Department of 210 00:13:25,320 --> 00:13:28,839 Speaker 1: Agriculture announced it would begin accepting comments related to how 211 00:13:28,920 --> 00:13:32,200 Speaker 1: lab grown meat products are labeled. As you might expect, 212 00:13:32,400 --> 00:13:34,360 Speaker 1: the lab grown meat folks would like the U. S. 213 00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:36,360 Speaker 1: D A to allow them to slap a big red 214 00:13:36,520 --> 00:13:39,800 Speaker 1: meat sticker on all their products, much like the almond 215 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:42,880 Speaker 1: milk companies lobbied to be allowed to call their products milk. 216 00:13:43,760 --> 00:13:46,600 Speaker 1: Last year, the representatives of the lab grown meat industry 217 00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:48,960 Speaker 1: asked the U s d A to impose labeling rules 218 00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:52,960 Speaker 1: based on quote the finished product, rather than the process 219 00:13:53,080 --> 00:13:56,360 Speaker 1: by which the food was made. In other words, since 220 00:13:56,440 --> 00:14:00,920 Speaker 1: good quality lab grown meat is technically speaking meat, these 221 00:14:00,960 --> 00:14:04,120 Speaker 1: companies want to be free to call it that. Supporters 222 00:14:04,120 --> 00:14:08,160 Speaker 1: have also suggested calling lab grown products quote clean meat 223 00:14:08,480 --> 00:14:13,000 Speaker 1: to emphasize their low environmental impact. Cattle ranchers have been 224 00:14:13,080 --> 00:14:16,160 Speaker 1: less than enthused about that kind of language. It implies 225 00:14:16,200 --> 00:14:19,840 Speaker 1: that natural meat is quote dirty, and they've offered a 226 00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:25,000 Speaker 1: few alternatives. The National Cattleman's Beef Association suggested quote in 227 00:14:25,160 --> 00:14:30,520 Speaker 1: vitro meat, synthetic meat, meat byproduct, and simply fake meat 228 00:14:30,840 --> 00:14:35,160 Speaker 1: as fair labels for lab grown alternatives. It's safe to 229 00:14:35,160 --> 00:14:38,280 Speaker 1: say that there's some middle ground here that's yet to 230 00:14:38,280 --> 00:14:41,680 Speaker 1: be reached. I'm sympathetic with the ranchers, but I have 231 00:14:41,800 --> 00:14:45,200 Speaker 1: to admit that their argument is a little weak. Unlike 232 00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:48,760 Speaker 1: almond milk, which is water, lab grown meat is a 233 00:14:48,760 --> 00:14:51,280 Speaker 1: heck of a lot closer to the real thing. It's 234 00:14:51,360 --> 00:14:55,080 Speaker 1: usually grown from fetal bovine serum that's extracted when pregnant 235 00:14:55,080 --> 00:14:58,480 Speaker 1: cows are slaughtered. The cellular structure of lab grown meat 236 00:14:58,680 --> 00:15:01,560 Speaker 1: is biologically the same aim as the meat tissue that 237 00:15:01,600 --> 00:15:04,680 Speaker 1: comes from the animal. I guess this argument depends on 238 00:15:04,760 --> 00:15:07,040 Speaker 1: whether you think that meat can be reduced to the 239 00:15:07,080 --> 00:15:09,800 Speaker 1: sum of its parts. Is the steak grown in a 240 00:15:09,960 --> 00:15:12,520 Speaker 1: lab the same thing as the steak that used to 241 00:15:12,520 --> 00:15:16,640 Speaker 1: be part of a living, breathing animal, Just as importantly 242 00:15:16,840 --> 00:15:19,880 Speaker 1: is the experience of eating that steak the same. Does 243 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:23,560 Speaker 1: removing the sacrifice of a living creature from our meat 244 00:15:23,600 --> 00:15:28,320 Speaker 1: consumption change us as humans? For some, probably not. You 245 00:15:28,360 --> 00:15:30,880 Speaker 1: don't give a crap where it came from. I know 246 00:15:30,960 --> 00:15:33,560 Speaker 1: we're waiting into deep waters here, and I'm sorry to 247 00:15:33,600 --> 00:15:35,880 Speaker 1: say that I don't have good answers to these questions, 248 00:15:35,880 --> 00:15:38,960 Speaker 1: but there are questions we should start thinking about. Lab 249 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:42,400 Speaker 1: grown meat hasn't reached American shores just yet, but it's 250 00:15:42,480 --> 00:15:44,800 Speaker 1: right around the corner. Whether we want to or not, 251 00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:47,880 Speaker 1: We're going to have to decide whether to incorporate lab 252 00:15:47,920 --> 00:15:51,200 Speaker 1: grown meat into our diet and what we want to 253 00:15:51,320 --> 00:15:54,720 Speaker 1: call it. As for me. If you're proud of something, 254 00:15:55,040 --> 00:15:58,480 Speaker 1: call it what it is. In vitro pregnant cal serum meat. 255 00:15:59,280 --> 00:16:04,880 Speaker 1: Mm hmmm, we have in vitro pregnant cal serum meat. 256 00:16:05,960 --> 00:16:08,160 Speaker 1: If you would like to weigh in on this new 257 00:16:08,400 --> 00:16:11,920 Speaker 1: U S d A rule, search for F S I 258 00:16:12,440 --> 00:16:17,120 Speaker 1: S dash dash zero zero three six on regulations dot 259 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:22,640 Speaker 1: G o V. Scientists with Spain's Museum of Natural History 260 00:16:22,640 --> 00:16:25,920 Speaker 1: published a study this month showing that Neanderthals were far 261 00:16:26,000 --> 00:16:30,520 Speaker 1: more sophisticated bird hunters than we previously thought. The researchers 262 00:16:30,560 --> 00:16:32,680 Speaker 1: in this study went as far as recreating the ancient 263 00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:35,720 Speaker 1: hunt just to prove it could be done. That is 264 00:16:35,760 --> 00:16:40,760 Speaker 1: a job you want, kids, Neanderthal impersonator. Up until now, 265 00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:44,800 Speaker 1: people believe that Neanderthals came by their protein without much finesse. 266 00:16:45,160 --> 00:16:49,680 Speaker 1: Anthropologists call it confrontational hunting, which means close quarters assault 267 00:16:49,800 --> 00:16:53,320 Speaker 1: of animals like mammoth's mountain sheep, wooly rhinos with a 268 00:16:53,360 --> 00:16:57,120 Speaker 1: wooden spear and rocks, and just pure old brawn and 269 00:16:57,360 --> 00:17:01,640 Speaker 1: muscle and bone. In one study of Neanderthal skeletal remains 270 00:17:01,840 --> 00:17:05,680 Speaker 1: a widespread pattern of resulting head and neck injuries, most 271 00:17:05,720 --> 00:17:09,800 Speaker 1: closely matched by modern rodeo writers came to light. You 272 00:17:09,920 --> 00:17:12,320 Speaker 1: might stop and think about that the next time you 273 00:17:12,359 --> 00:17:16,800 Speaker 1: get to obsessing about sectional density and minutes of angle 274 00:17:16,880 --> 00:17:20,240 Speaker 1: for your long range shooting. And maybe you want to 275 00:17:20,280 --> 00:17:24,480 Speaker 1: show off your trigger finger callous and blister and that 276 00:17:24,640 --> 00:17:29,639 Speaker 1: sunburn you got out of the range. Anyway, the paleo ornithologists, 277 00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:32,600 Speaker 1: that is, ancient bird specialists working on the study noticed 278 00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:36,800 Speaker 1: a near perfect overlap in the ancient geographical distribution of 279 00:17:36,840 --> 00:17:40,480 Speaker 1: Neanderthals in a particular kind of crow known as a 280 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:44,720 Speaker 1: chop that is still common today. The chop spelled c 281 00:17:45,119 --> 00:17:47,800 Speaker 1: h o U g h is one of those animals 282 00:17:47,920 --> 00:17:50,679 Speaker 1: named for the sound it makes, like the chickadee, the 283 00:17:50,680 --> 00:17:54,080 Speaker 1: bob white quail, or kind of Tasmanian spotted owl known 284 00:17:54,119 --> 00:17:57,080 Speaker 1: as the more pork. That last one is also the 285 00:17:57,119 --> 00:17:59,760 Speaker 1: common name for those two fond of the buffet table. 286 00:18:00,200 --> 00:18:04,880 Speaker 1: Give me all the bacon and eggs you have. Archaeologists 287 00:18:04,880 --> 00:18:08,200 Speaker 1: have demonstrated that chopps and neanderthals were at certain sites 288 00:18:08,240 --> 00:18:10,800 Speaker 1: at the same time, and several chop bones have been 289 00:18:10,840 --> 00:18:14,200 Speaker 1: found with bite marks and other evidence of early human feeding. 290 00:18:14,800 --> 00:18:18,320 Speaker 1: So the scientists decided to demonstrate that catching the chops 291 00:18:18,520 --> 00:18:22,040 Speaker 1: was as those old geico ads put it, so easy 292 00:18:22,200 --> 00:18:25,480 Speaker 1: even a caveman could do it. Chows off and nest 293 00:18:25,520 --> 00:18:28,399 Speaker 1: and shallow pockets along cave walls, and the scientists were 294 00:18:28,440 --> 00:18:31,160 Speaker 1: able to walk up quietly and catch them in butterfly 295 00:18:31,280 --> 00:18:35,399 Speaker 1: nets or even with their bare hands. The chops showed 296 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:39,800 Speaker 1: quote high sight tenacity, meaning that members of the species 297 00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:42,480 Speaker 1: continued to come back and roost in the same places, 298 00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:46,680 Speaker 1: despite other chops getting caught there over and over. When 299 00:18:46,680 --> 00:18:49,480 Speaker 1: the scientists shown flashlights at the birds, they tried to 300 00:18:49,520 --> 00:18:52,280 Speaker 1: get away from the light by pushing closer to the rock, 301 00:18:52,520 --> 00:18:56,240 Speaker 1: which made them even easier to catch. The scientists speculated 302 00:18:56,320 --> 00:18:59,080 Speaker 1: that the same effect could have been achieved by Neanderthals 303 00:18:59,160 --> 00:19:02,639 Speaker 1: using fire. And we know, for instance, that hunters all 304 00:19:02,680 --> 00:19:06,800 Speaker 1: over the southern US used fire to spotlight possums, raccoons, 305 00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:10,560 Speaker 1: and other small game before electricity came along, So you 306 00:19:10,600 --> 00:19:13,800 Speaker 1: don't need hundreds of thousands of lumens and a fancy 307 00:19:13,800 --> 00:19:17,200 Speaker 1: metal tube to dazzle prey. Although we'll never know for sure, 308 00:19:17,280 --> 00:19:19,720 Speaker 1: the study makes it seem that pre planned hunting at 309 00:19:19,840 --> 00:19:24,320 Speaker 1: night using light as a technology was you know, possible 310 00:19:24,359 --> 00:19:28,240 Speaker 1: for Neanderthals. Remember Just twenty years ago, we didn't think 311 00:19:28,240 --> 00:19:32,120 Speaker 1: that Neanderthals could speak, use fire, or make art, and 312 00:19:32,160 --> 00:19:35,800 Speaker 1: now we're almost positive they could do all three and more. 313 00:19:36,359 --> 00:19:39,199 Speaker 1: I won't be entirely surprised if in the next several 314 00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:42,159 Speaker 1: years we learned that they invented a rock based version 315 00:19:42,520 --> 00:19:46,439 Speaker 1: of like candy crush, then slowly when extinct, when they 316 00:19:46,480 --> 00:19:50,640 Speaker 1: spent more time breaking neolithic bond bonds or whatever, then 317 00:19:50,800 --> 00:19:57,760 Speaker 1: gathering food and out competing the Homo sapiens couple, couple, donal, 318 00:19:57,840 --> 00:20:01,679 Speaker 1: you've got it bad. Wait, we need that yet. Moving 319 00:20:01,720 --> 00:20:06,960 Speaker 1: on to the crime desk, San Francisco Animal Controls searching 320 00:20:07,000 --> 00:20:09,679 Speaker 1: for a woman who was caught serving a quote platter 321 00:20:09,760 --> 00:20:13,360 Speaker 1: of meat to wild coyotes on Burnal Hill. Although everyone 322 00:20:13,400 --> 00:20:16,520 Speaker 1: knows that conditioning wild animals to be fed has consequences 323 00:20:16,640 --> 00:20:20,200 Speaker 1: like people being bitten and the animals themselves eventually being 324 00:20:20,240 --> 00:20:24,000 Speaker 1: put down as in killed, local San Francisco sources say 325 00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:26,520 Speaker 1: that the real reason for the offense is that the 326 00:20:26,520 --> 00:20:31,000 Speaker 1: meat offered to the coyotes was not locally sourced organic. Congratulations, 327 00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:35,320 Speaker 1: San Francisco, you've run pizza. That's the Hawaiians and now 328 00:20:35,440 --> 00:20:38,560 Speaker 1: you if you want to donate your time and resources. 329 00:20:38,600 --> 00:20:41,880 Speaker 1: There is an increasingly long list of critters that need help. 330 00:20:42,119 --> 00:20:44,399 Speaker 1: Coyotes are not one of them. They'll be here a 331 00:20:44,480 --> 00:20:48,760 Speaker 1: long time after we're gone. Next up, a story that 332 00:20:48,880 --> 00:20:51,960 Speaker 1: is as rich as the sea was salty and crabby puns. 333 00:20:53,920 --> 00:20:57,480 Speaker 1: Canadians continue to set a high bar with wildlife crime sentencing. 334 00:20:57,800 --> 00:21:00,639 Speaker 1: According to the CBC, since two thousand, there have been 335 00:21:00,720 --> 00:21:05,199 Speaker 1: fifteen different Fisheries and Oceans Canada files opened on Scott Steer. 336 00:21:05,720 --> 00:21:09,840 Speaker 1: Steer has faced serious judicial penalties, including jail time, a 337 00:21:09,920 --> 00:21:12,119 Speaker 1: twenty two year ban from fishing in the Canadian or 338 00:21:12,200 --> 00:21:15,639 Speaker 1: US waters, and significant finds, yet he's been able to 339 00:21:15,760 --> 00:21:20,320 Speaker 1: sidestep them all. After yet another serious fisheries violation, which 340 00:21:20,359 --> 00:21:23,760 Speaker 1: resulted in the high speed boarding of his vessel outside Vancouver, 341 00:21:23,840 --> 00:21:28,119 Speaker 1: BC authorities seized and released three hundred illegally fished and 342 00:21:28,200 --> 00:21:31,920 Speaker 1: cock crab. Steer, it seems, was finally in the pincers 343 00:21:31,960 --> 00:21:35,920 Speaker 1: of the law. Steering company, which includes his mother and partner, 344 00:21:36,119 --> 00:21:40,800 Speaker 1: are habitual offenders. Habitual offenders always kind of makes me 345 00:21:41,119 --> 00:21:43,399 Speaker 1: think of that scene and one of the best movies 346 00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:47,600 Speaker 1: of all time, raising Arizona recidivism not a pretty word. 347 00:21:47,720 --> 00:21:50,879 Speaker 1: Is it high anyway. In two thousand nineteen, they were 348 00:21:50,920 --> 00:21:55,359 Speaker 1: caught illegally harvesting sea cucumbers, which racked up another eight 349 00:21:55,400 --> 00:21:58,159 Speaker 1: offenses between July of two thousand nineteen. In March two 350 00:21:58,200 --> 00:22:02,120 Speaker 1: thousand twenty, they allegedly received eighty thousand dollars by falsely 351 00:22:02,160 --> 00:22:05,399 Speaker 1: claiming benefits under a Native Claims corporation, for which they 352 00:22:05,440 --> 00:22:10,639 Speaker 1: received a grant and subsequently fraud charges. Again. Steer, whose 353 00:22:10,720 --> 00:22:17,040 Speaker 1: name suggests an ability to avoid collision, has had fine citations, probations, prohibitions, 354 00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:19,359 Speaker 1: many near misses with the inside of a jail cell, 355 00:22:19,640 --> 00:22:23,040 Speaker 1: and now the province has seized his vessel, truck and trailer, 356 00:22:23,200 --> 00:22:27,160 Speaker 1: all three commercial seafood businesses associated with him one point 357 00:22:27,200 --> 00:22:30,640 Speaker 1: three million dollars in assets. The province claims were made 358 00:22:30,720 --> 00:22:33,640 Speaker 1: off the backs of illegally taken seafood such as crabs 359 00:22:33,640 --> 00:22:36,200 Speaker 1: and cucumbers, and they are looking to seize his home 360 00:22:36,320 --> 00:22:39,520 Speaker 1: on Gabriela Island. It looks as if the tides are 361 00:22:39,600 --> 00:22:45,480 Speaker 1: changing for Mr Steer. And lastly, a group of poachers 362 00:22:45,480 --> 00:22:49,040 Speaker 1: in Missouri were reported by a concerned citizen. A group 363 00:22:49,080 --> 00:22:52,080 Speaker 1: of sixteen hunters were found with four hundred and seventy 364 00:22:52,119 --> 00:22:55,320 Speaker 1: one squirrels in their possession. After two days of hunting, 365 00:22:55,920 --> 00:22:58,680 Speaker 1: this group was found to have one d and fifty 366 00:22:58,680 --> 00:23:02,760 Speaker 1: one squirrels over their legal possession limit. The daily limit 367 00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:05,639 Speaker 1: is ten squirrels per person with a two day limit 368 00:23:05,800 --> 00:23:08,920 Speaker 1: in possession maximum. If you want me to explain that 369 00:23:09,040 --> 00:23:12,439 Speaker 1: a little bit better, I will. In the regulations, it 370 00:23:12,480 --> 00:23:16,440 Speaker 1: says you can shoot ten squirrels per person per day. However, 371 00:23:16,680 --> 00:23:20,560 Speaker 1: if you are not actively consuming those squirrels, even though 372 00:23:20,600 --> 00:23:24,320 Speaker 1: you could, in theory shoot ten squirrels legally, you would 373 00:23:24,320 --> 00:23:29,440 Speaker 1: be illegally harvesting squirrels if your total possession limit exceeds 374 00:23:29,720 --> 00:23:34,040 Speaker 1: twenty squirrels. You with me. So I shot ten squirrels 375 00:23:34,040 --> 00:23:36,640 Speaker 1: the first day, ten squirrels the second day. I want 376 00:23:36,680 --> 00:23:39,760 Speaker 1: to go out the third day, I better eat some squirrels, 377 00:23:40,280 --> 00:23:43,439 Speaker 1: and whatever squirrels I eat, I can then try to 378 00:23:43,480 --> 00:23:46,199 Speaker 1: replace on that third day of hunting. So if I 379 00:23:46,280 --> 00:23:49,960 Speaker 1: have ten candy bars and you never mind, The Missouri 380 00:23:50,040 --> 00:23:53,240 Speaker 1: Department of Conservation would like to remind everyone that squirrels 381 00:23:53,240 --> 00:23:55,359 Speaker 1: are a game animal and that makes them just as 382 00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:58,879 Speaker 1: important as any other game animal. Taking any game species 383 00:23:58,960 --> 00:24:02,600 Speaker 1: over the limit room moves the possibility of a legal hunters, 384 00:24:02,680 --> 00:24:06,239 Speaker 1: opportunity at having a hunt, that being a successful one 385 00:24:06,359 --> 00:24:09,360 Speaker 1: or not. As we get into the thick of hunting seasons, 386 00:24:09,560 --> 00:24:12,720 Speaker 1: be respectful out there, Be courteous. There's gonna be a 387 00:24:12,720 --> 00:24:17,040 Speaker 1: lot of folks in the woods. First timers, long timers. Remember, 388 00:24:17,080 --> 00:24:19,120 Speaker 1: at the end of the day, we're all out there 389 00:24:19,240 --> 00:24:23,400 Speaker 1: to enjoy ourselves. Be kind, to be courteous. That's all 390 00:24:23,400 --> 00:24:25,800 Speaker 1: I've got for you this week. Remember to check out 391 00:24:26,000 --> 00:24:30,480 Speaker 1: steal Dealers dot com to find a local, knowledgeable, kind, 392 00:24:30,640 --> 00:24:34,520 Speaker 1: patient steel dealer near you whose only care is making 393 00:24:34,560 --> 00:24:37,040 Speaker 1: sure you have what you need when tree limbs fall 394 00:24:37,080 --> 00:24:42,800 Speaker 1: across your shooting lane or road to camp side. Note here, 395 00:24:43,040 --> 00:24:45,440 Speaker 1: if you want to make easy work of light bodied 396 00:24:45,440 --> 00:24:48,879 Speaker 1: animal butchery, get a set of steel lopping shears. The 397 00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:54,080 Speaker 1: thirty inches make butchering deer and antelope a breeze. Get 398 00:24:54,080 --> 00:24:58,960 Speaker 1: the pruning shears for squirrels, rabbits and upland birds, even 399 00:24:59,040 --> 00:25:02,679 Speaker 1: fish callers. You'll thank me later, and last, but not least, 400 00:25:03,080 --> 00:25:05,960 Speaker 1: right in to a s k C A L. Let's 401 00:25:06,040 --> 00:25:09,040 Speaker 1: ask cal at the Meat Eater dot com and let 402 00:25:09,040 --> 00:25:11,200 Speaker 1: me know what's going on in your neck of the woods. 403 00:25:11,600 --> 00:25:13,840 Speaker 1: You may not always hear it here on the show, 404 00:25:14,080 --> 00:25:17,919 Speaker 1: but I read them all and I appreciate you. Thanks again, 405 00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:19,400 Speaker 1: and I'll talk to you next week.