1 00:00:09,880 --> 00:00:13,800 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. I'm Tom Keene Jay Lee. 2 00:00:13,960 --> 00:00:17,560 Speaker 1: We bring you insight from the best in economics, finance, investment, 3 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:23,520 Speaker 1: and international relations. Find Bloomberg Surveillance on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, 4 00:00:23,600 --> 00:00:27,160 Speaker 1: Bloomberg dot Com, and of course on the Bloomberg. Let's 5 00:00:27,160 --> 00:00:30,200 Speaker 1: bringing Jack aveline, shall we Crescent Wealth Advises, c I 6 00:00:30,480 --> 00:00:34,440 Speaker 1: O and founder as well. Fantastic to catch up with you, Jack. 7 00:00:34,800 --> 00:00:36,959 Speaker 1: Walk us through what you're seeing in terms of policy. 8 00:00:37,360 --> 00:00:40,239 Speaker 1: Is it enough to deliver a circuit breaker for this 9 00:00:40,560 --> 00:00:47,159 Speaker 1: very volatile liquid market? Yeah? It uh, well we're waiting. Um, 10 00:00:47,200 --> 00:00:52,080 Speaker 1: you know, obviously monetary policy it was pretty factive, reasonably 11 00:00:52,120 --> 00:00:57,080 Speaker 1: effective in creating the money market liquidity. Um, you know, 12 00:00:57,480 --> 00:01:00,720 Speaker 1: maybe going off with a few bumps, but um, all 13 00:01:00,760 --> 00:01:03,000 Speaker 1: in all I think is it's pretty steady, and so 14 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:05,600 Speaker 1: we did learn a lot at the last crisis. Now, 15 00:01:05,720 --> 00:01:11,760 Speaker 1: of course, all eyes are on fiscal the fiscal policy, 16 00:01:11,920 --> 00:01:16,800 Speaker 1: and you know, President Trump's talking about a trillion um. 17 00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:20,280 Speaker 1: You know, my back of the envelope estimate that is, 18 00:01:20,360 --> 00:01:25,960 Speaker 1: if if this is essentially call it six weeks of 19 00:01:26,319 --> 00:01:31,039 Speaker 1: you know, utter stand still, um, than that equates to 20 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:35,720 Speaker 1: about call it a two trillion of g D p um. 21 00:01:35,760 --> 00:01:39,200 Speaker 1: If you assume that maybe third a third of the 22 00:01:39,280 --> 00:01:44,399 Speaker 1: economy is actually still operating, then maybe this is about 23 00:01:44,440 --> 00:01:50,720 Speaker 1: one point three trillion um to fill that gap um. 24 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:53,280 Speaker 1: And you know, where does it come from? It's possible 25 00:01:53,600 --> 00:01:57,560 Speaker 1: this could be that modern monetary theory that's been you know, 26 00:01:57,640 --> 00:02:00,720 Speaker 1: bouncing around. Well, there's a question about the school response. 27 00:02:00,760 --> 00:02:04,600 Speaker 1: In the meantime, monetary policymakers have urgently been trying to 28 00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:09,760 Speaker 1: prevent a financial crisis from unfolding. As the author of 29 00:02:09,800 --> 00:02:13,519 Speaker 1: a book, Reading Minds and Markets, Minimizing risks and Maximizing 30 00:02:13,520 --> 00:02:15,919 Speaker 1: returns in a volatile global marketplace. It was published in 31 00:02:16,000 --> 00:02:19,720 Speaker 1: July two thousand nine, very apropos At this moment, which 32 00:02:19,800 --> 00:02:23,320 Speaker 1: is probably the most volatile time in markets in history, 33 00:02:23,760 --> 00:02:27,480 Speaker 1: I'm wondering, have we actually managed to stave off a 34 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:31,240 Speaker 1: financial crisis or the wild moves we're seeing evidence that 35 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:33,880 Speaker 1: we are seeing things absolutely spiral out of control on 36 00:02:33,919 --> 00:02:37,720 Speaker 1: the market side. Well, I think part of the you know, 37 00:02:37,760 --> 00:02:40,359 Speaker 1: a good deal, I should say, of the selling that's 38 00:02:40,400 --> 00:02:44,080 Speaker 1: going on is forced selling. That the fact is that 39 00:02:45,240 --> 00:02:49,079 Speaker 1: there are you know, I'm going to say probably call 40 00:02:49,160 --> 00:02:54,799 Speaker 1: it three to four hundred billion of institutional funds managed 41 00:02:55,320 --> 00:03:00,239 Speaker 1: UM in a programmatic way. Where volatility goes up, risk 42 00:03:00,280 --> 00:03:03,800 Speaker 1: has to come down UM. You know, if you know, 43 00:03:03,840 --> 00:03:09,720 Speaker 1: puts get essentially assigned, then the items have to be 44 00:03:09,760 --> 00:03:15,680 Speaker 1: sold um, you know, and so there there's UH option writing, 45 00:03:15,880 --> 00:03:20,120 Speaker 1: there's risk parity UM, and then there's just out an 46 00:03:20,120 --> 00:03:24,360 Speaker 1: out leverage UM, which has been you know, certainly benefited 47 00:03:24,639 --> 00:03:28,400 Speaker 1: these managers for the last several years. And I think 48 00:03:28,480 --> 00:03:31,679 Speaker 1: that's really exaggerated a lot of the moves. Jack, how 49 00:03:31,760 --> 00:03:35,160 Speaker 1: far in that leverage unwind are we? Do you have 50 00:03:35,200 --> 00:03:40,120 Speaker 1: a sense of that? I I really don't, UM, you know, 51 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:43,440 Speaker 1: just because of these volatile were we still have these 52 00:03:43,600 --> 00:03:47,960 Speaker 1: enormously volatile sessions. So it's really hard to gauge you know, 53 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:52,040 Speaker 1: how much of this is UM you know, is through 54 00:03:52,120 --> 00:03:54,440 Speaker 1: I would say from a risk parity point of view, 55 00:03:54,960 --> 00:03:58,640 Speaker 1: you know, does does the VIX get much higher than eighty? 56 00:03:59,040 --> 00:04:01,960 Speaker 1: You know, because it's not necessarily the level, it's the direction. 57 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:06,480 Speaker 1: Now because assuming that all risperity traders have you know, 58 00:04:06,680 --> 00:04:11,360 Speaker 1: essentially adjusted to a VIC saved UM, you know, perhaps 59 00:04:11,920 --> 00:04:14,400 Speaker 1: if it just stays at that level and comes down, 60 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:18,039 Speaker 1: maybe most of that behind us Jack, I believe great 61 00:04:18,120 --> 00:04:20,279 Speaker 1: cat show. You're joining us on the market in the 62 00:04:20,320 --> 00:04:26,800 Speaker 1: United States just brings a bauchari jasurists today as general 63 00:04:26,880 --> 00:04:29,520 Speaker 1: head of US Right Strategy, it's a bout of fantastic 64 00:04:29,520 --> 00:04:31,120 Speaker 1: to have you with us on the program. Walk us 65 00:04:31,120 --> 00:04:33,320 Speaker 1: through what you think is the biggest driver right now. 66 00:04:33,440 --> 00:04:36,320 Speaker 1: Is it people just selling what they can not necessarily 67 00:04:36,320 --> 00:04:39,560 Speaker 1: what they want. Is it some big technicalish out technically 68 00:04:39,560 --> 00:04:42,320 Speaker 1: issue out there, the illiquidity that we're experiencing in some 69 00:04:42,520 --> 00:04:44,960 Speaker 1: really really big parts of the market, or is this 70 00:04:45,040 --> 00:04:46,520 Speaker 1: just supply risk? What is it for you at the 71 00:04:46,560 --> 00:04:49,200 Speaker 1: longer end of the curve. Well, I think it's a 72 00:04:49,240 --> 00:04:51,680 Speaker 1: combination of all of the above. UM. I think the 73 00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:54,120 Speaker 1: last of liquidity, in my opinion, is the number one 74 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:57,839 Speaker 1: reason for this erratic moves. That would say in treasuries, 75 00:04:57,880 --> 00:05:00,160 Speaker 1: because it's it's off twenty basis points one day and 76 00:05:00,160 --> 00:05:03,880 Speaker 1: then it rallies fifteen basis points the next. Um. If 77 00:05:03,920 --> 00:05:06,839 Speaker 1: you are a corporate bond investor, for instance, you're not 78 00:05:06,960 --> 00:05:08,919 Speaker 1: able to sell your corporate bonds, you're going to sell 79 00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:12,919 Speaker 1: perhaps other liquid assets. You have to be able to 80 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:16,960 Speaker 1: meet your margin requirements or other purposes. Um. There's also 81 00:05:17,120 --> 00:05:21,000 Speaker 1: a lot of UH you know, demand for dollars broadly 82 00:05:21,040 --> 00:05:24,520 Speaker 1: speaking from a variety of market participants, and and the 83 00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:27,960 Speaker 1: first thing that they can sell is the most liquid 84 00:05:27,960 --> 00:05:30,760 Speaker 1: asset they have. The other fact that, like you pointed out, 85 00:05:30,960 --> 00:05:34,680 Speaker 1: is also tangible risk of higher deficits. But I, generally 86 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:39,120 Speaker 1: and not I would be emphasize the bond vigilante characterization 87 00:05:39,320 --> 00:05:42,960 Speaker 1: because in my opinion, over time it's the e c 88 00:05:43,120 --> 00:05:45,400 Speaker 1: B as well as the FED and all global central 89 00:05:45,440 --> 00:05:48,240 Speaker 1: banks are doing q E. The trajectory has to be 90 00:05:48,360 --> 00:05:51,720 Speaker 1: for for yields to gradually move lower. So there's been 91 00:05:51,760 --> 00:05:54,480 Speaker 1: really no correlation in the last you know, two decades 92 00:05:54,880 --> 00:06:00,200 Speaker 1: between higher deficits and higher treasure yields. There's a question here. 93 00:06:00,279 --> 00:06:03,160 Speaker 1: You talk about the fundamentals, you talk about the lack 94 00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:06,039 Speaker 1: of liquidity. The lack of liquidity certainly has gotten the 95 00:06:06,040 --> 00:06:08,200 Speaker 1: attention of the Federal Reserve, and they've tried to step 96 00:06:08,240 --> 00:06:11,279 Speaker 1: in to try to stave that off by buying additional bonds, 97 00:06:11,320 --> 00:06:14,360 Speaker 1: particularly on the longer end of the curve. Why has 98 00:06:14,400 --> 00:06:18,680 Speaker 1: that not been helping more? That's a very very good questions. So, 99 00:06:18,720 --> 00:06:21,920 Speaker 1: because the lack of liquidity that I'm talking about is 100 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:26,719 Speaker 1: has to do with the post crisis regulatory environment where 101 00:06:27,240 --> 00:06:30,400 Speaker 1: balance sheets for dealers, who are typically the ones that 102 00:06:30,440 --> 00:06:35,000 Speaker 1: are disinter mediating this risk has shrunk, so they're very 103 00:06:35,080 --> 00:06:39,840 Speaker 1: very careful about taking on risk um they have both 104 00:06:40,320 --> 00:06:43,680 Speaker 1: both on the repost side as well as on the 105 00:06:43,720 --> 00:06:47,839 Speaker 1: cash side, they're not able to rapidly grow their bound sheet. Also, 106 00:06:47,880 --> 00:06:50,559 Speaker 1: there's an issue of price discovery. When there's erratic moves 107 00:06:50,560 --> 00:06:53,520 Speaker 1: in the markets, it's very hard for market makers to 108 00:06:53,560 --> 00:06:56,919 Speaker 1: be able to know exactly where whereas things straight so 109 00:06:56,960 --> 00:06:59,599 Speaker 1: they tend to make the bid offers a lot wider 110 00:06:59,600 --> 00:07:02,680 Speaker 1: than they normally would. And adding to this problem is 111 00:07:02,720 --> 00:07:05,240 Speaker 1: the fact that people are working from home. There's not 112 00:07:05,400 --> 00:07:08,760 Speaker 1: that same levels of information flow that you would see 113 00:07:08,760 --> 00:07:11,520 Speaker 1: in a trading floor that on any given day that 114 00:07:11,640 --> 00:07:15,680 Speaker 1: you've seen right now. Bad for somebody who is hearing 115 00:07:15,880 --> 00:07:18,800 Speaker 1: these words that that that the treasury market is dysfunctional. 116 00:07:18,880 --> 00:07:21,880 Speaker 1: This is the seventeen trillion dollar market. It's crucial to 117 00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:26,160 Speaker 1: the entire global market. Can you give a little perspective 118 00:07:26,320 --> 00:07:29,440 Speaker 1: about just why that is? Just sort of how crucial 119 00:07:29,480 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 1: it is for the volatility in the treasury space to 120 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:37,000 Speaker 1: decline in order for everything else to stabilize. I must 121 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:38,920 Speaker 1: say I've been in the bond market for over two 122 00:07:38,920 --> 00:07:42,480 Speaker 1: decades and I've never seen this kind of volatility and 123 00:07:42,720 --> 00:07:46,680 Speaker 1: wide bit offers in the in the treasury market. So 124 00:07:46,800 --> 00:07:51,280 Speaker 1: I think it's extraordinarily important that the treasury market actually 125 00:07:51,320 --> 00:07:54,960 Speaker 1: functions properly. As you might know, we've had uh you know, 126 00:07:55,160 --> 00:07:58,040 Speaker 1: flash rallies in the past, and the Treasury has been 127 00:07:58,160 --> 00:08:01,880 Speaker 1: very closely monitoring PRISA and in the bond market. But 128 00:08:02,040 --> 00:08:04,840 Speaker 1: you know, the treasury market is your go to market 129 00:08:04,960 --> 00:08:10,080 Speaker 1: for for safe haven. So if you're an investor that 130 00:08:10,080 --> 00:08:12,559 Speaker 1: that wants to get out of risky acids and and 131 00:08:12,840 --> 00:08:15,480 Speaker 1: purchase a safe haven as that you're going to flock 132 00:08:15,520 --> 00:08:20,840 Speaker 1: towards treasury. So it's extraordinarily important that this market functions, uh, 133 00:08:20,880 --> 00:08:22,960 Speaker 1: you know, very efficiently. And you're seeing that this is 134 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:25,800 Speaker 1: not just in the in the cash or TC markets. 135 00:08:25,920 --> 00:08:28,560 Speaker 1: You're seeing a liquidity in the futures market as well, 136 00:08:28,600 --> 00:08:31,560 Speaker 1: which is which is also somewhat troubling. So about you 137 00:08:31,680 --> 00:08:33,280 Speaker 1: just to wrap things up on the regulatory side, you 138 00:08:33,320 --> 00:08:35,120 Speaker 1: mentioned some of the regulation. I just wonder what you 139 00:08:35,120 --> 00:08:37,600 Speaker 1: think should be done. We just had a Bloomberg terminal 140 00:08:37,640 --> 00:08:40,360 Speaker 1: subscriber right into me, and we've had a lot of 141 00:08:40,360 --> 00:08:42,640 Speaker 1: people writing with some really really good thoughts on things, 142 00:08:42,640 --> 00:08:45,000 Speaker 1: and I think this resonates with what you're saying. As 143 00:08:45,120 --> 00:08:48,760 Speaker 1: volume goes up, volatility goes up, the risk managers will 144 00:08:48,800 --> 00:08:51,559 Speaker 1: force you to shrink the disposition. So in effect, it 145 00:08:51,640 --> 00:08:55,600 Speaker 1: forces less liquidity every time there's a crisis. So volo up. 146 00:08:55,679 --> 00:08:58,800 Speaker 1: Guess what risk managers tap you on the shoulder, pull 147 00:08:58,880 --> 00:09:01,240 Speaker 1: back your positions. Look it, he gets worse every time 148 00:09:01,280 --> 00:09:03,720 Speaker 1: we get into this situation and spatial I just wonder 149 00:09:03,720 --> 00:09:05,559 Speaker 1: what we can do about that, to cut that break, 150 00:09:05,679 --> 00:09:09,680 Speaker 1: break that link, get a circuit breaker in there. Well, 151 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:11,640 Speaker 1: I think that the FAN has done it's part a 152 00:09:11,640 --> 00:09:15,280 Speaker 1: little bit by providing the primary dealer facility as well 153 00:09:15,320 --> 00:09:18,359 Speaker 1: as uh, you know, some of the other report facilities 154 00:09:18,360 --> 00:09:21,800 Speaker 1: that should provide liquidity to directly the primary dealers and 155 00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:26,439 Speaker 1: depository institutions. But beyond that, I would argue that the 156 00:09:26,760 --> 00:09:30,200 Speaker 1: supplementary lavage ratio requirements and the lavagator requirements that have 157 00:09:30,240 --> 00:09:33,680 Speaker 1: been imposed in the PROS post crisis period has also 158 00:09:34,600 --> 00:09:37,840 Speaker 1: vastly limited the dealer's ability to be able to take 159 00:09:37,880 --> 00:09:41,280 Speaker 1: on very large positions. This is also an issue in 160 00:09:41,360 --> 00:09:45,000 Speaker 1: corporate bonds, where the vocal rule is very much in play. 161 00:09:45,040 --> 00:09:48,800 Speaker 1: So there's there's clearly a lot of good rules that 162 00:09:48,840 --> 00:09:51,920 Speaker 1: were put in place after the financial crisis, uh to 163 00:09:52,040 --> 00:09:56,680 Speaker 1: avoid excessive risk taking among dealers, but that's also hurting 164 00:09:56,679 --> 00:10:01,320 Speaker 1: in an environment like this where you have primary dealers 165 00:10:01,520 --> 00:10:05,240 Speaker 1: are sort of your conduit for disintermediating risk. It's a 166 00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:07,320 Speaker 1: bauta great to get your thoughts. Thank you very much 167 00:10:07,320 --> 00:10:09,920 Speaker 1: for joining US avantea Jappi there stay at General's head 168 00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:15,120 Speaker 1: of the US right strategy. I want to bring in 169 00:10:15,240 --> 00:10:20,160 Speaker 1: Nathan Shakes paging fixed income economists and macro economic research 170 00:10:20,200 --> 00:10:22,679 Speaker 1: and Nathan fantastic to catch up with you. Let's just 171 00:10:22,720 --> 00:10:24,640 Speaker 1: get your thoughts on a claims number to eighty one 172 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:27,079 Speaker 1: direction to travel not pretty. How bad you expect this 173 00:10:27,120 --> 00:10:30,080 Speaker 1: to get in the coming weeks. Well, I think your 174 00:10:30,120 --> 00:10:35,160 Speaker 1: folks have really nailed. A seventy uh increase in a 175 00:10:35,240 --> 00:10:41,599 Speaker 1: week is enormous, and uh, my expectation is that that 176 00:10:41,880 --> 00:10:46,000 Speaker 1: narboro will continue to rise. The question is how high 177 00:10:46,679 --> 00:10:50,760 Speaker 1: and that this is really our first gauge on just 178 00:10:51,120 --> 00:10:54,679 Speaker 1: how badly the really economy is going to be hit 179 00:10:54,760 --> 00:10:57,200 Speaker 1: by this saying. And I think you know to me, 180 00:10:57,240 --> 00:10:59,760 Speaker 1: it feels like we're we're standing on the edge of 181 00:10:59,760 --> 00:11:02,680 Speaker 1: it best and we just can't see the bottom. This 182 00:11:02,800 --> 00:11:06,880 Speaker 1: is this is a very scary juncture, Nathan. This is 183 00:11:06,920 --> 00:11:09,439 Speaker 1: a very scary juncture, and it's a lot of scary. Uh. 184 00:11:09,600 --> 00:11:11,440 Speaker 1: There are a lot of people who are very worried 185 00:11:11,520 --> 00:11:14,920 Speaker 1: about their own financial well being. They are seeing themselves 186 00:11:14,920 --> 00:11:17,800 Speaker 1: get laid off in mass and there's a question will 187 00:11:17,840 --> 00:11:20,600 Speaker 1: the jobs return? Do we have a sense of that? 188 00:11:20,640 --> 00:11:23,800 Speaker 1: I mean, is there sort of a trajectory here where 189 00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:26,920 Speaker 1: we could see a rapid increase the number of those 190 00:11:27,000 --> 00:11:30,600 Speaker 1: unemployed and then it all comes back online. So I'm 191 00:11:30,800 --> 00:11:35,679 Speaker 1: uncomfortable that the jobs will return some day. But that's 192 00:11:35,720 --> 00:11:40,319 Speaker 1: the problem is we don't know when that day is, uh, 193 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:43,440 Speaker 1: And and how do we get from here to there? 194 00:11:43,559 --> 00:11:46,839 Speaker 1: That's really the key question now as I say that, 195 00:11:46,840 --> 00:11:50,920 Speaker 1: that is also a question that fiscal policy can help answer. 196 00:11:51,440 --> 00:11:54,560 Speaker 1: This is this is where fiscal policy can be the 197 00:11:54,600 --> 00:11:58,160 Speaker 1: most powerful. So these ideas that are being floated to 198 00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:04,920 Speaker 1: significantly in freeze unemployment benefits great idea to help these people, Uh, 199 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:10,559 Speaker 1: ideas to buffer those that have lost wages, great ideas. 200 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:12,520 Speaker 1: And I think at a time like this it even 201 00:12:12,520 --> 00:12:16,480 Speaker 1: makes sense as they're considering to just mail people mind. 202 00:12:17,080 --> 00:12:19,960 Speaker 1: But fiscal policy is going to be the key to 203 00:12:20,120 --> 00:12:23,240 Speaker 1: building this bridge from where we are today to that 204 00:12:23,480 --> 00:12:27,040 Speaker 1: someday when the jobs return. Couldn't agree more, Nathan. And 205 00:12:27,080 --> 00:12:28,839 Speaker 1: at the moment, there's a line that's going around in fact, 206 00:12:28,880 --> 00:12:31,000 Speaker 1: over the last couple of weeks, perfection is the enemy 207 00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:33,240 Speaker 1: of the good. We need this fast. It doesn't need 208 00:12:33,280 --> 00:12:36,080 Speaker 1: to be perfect, we just need this quickly. Do you 209 00:12:36,120 --> 00:12:39,000 Speaker 1: anticipate this will get done quickly enough to address some 210 00:12:39,080 --> 00:12:42,000 Speaker 1: of the issues that you're worried about right now? Mitch 211 00:12:42,080 --> 00:12:46,600 Speaker 1: McConnell told his caucus there was some pushback on the 212 00:12:46,600 --> 00:12:50,720 Speaker 1: bill that they approved yesterday. He said, just gag and 213 00:12:50,920 --> 00:12:54,080 Speaker 1: vote for it and worry about fixing it later. So 214 00:12:54,280 --> 00:12:57,600 Speaker 1: I think that I think that the Congress, the political 215 00:12:57,679 --> 00:13:00,960 Speaker 1: system is very much now in a place where we've 216 00:13:00,960 --> 00:13:03,400 Speaker 1: got to get something done. It's got to be big, 217 00:13:03,559 --> 00:13:06,680 Speaker 1: and it's got to be quick. And uh, I would 218 00:13:06,720 --> 00:13:09,560 Speaker 1: expect that we'll see something on the order of a 219 00:13:09,600 --> 00:13:13,440 Speaker 1: trillion dollars of fiscal stimulus. Let's stay over the next 220 00:13:13,480 --> 00:13:16,880 Speaker 1: week or ten days, could even be faster, Nathan. There's 221 00:13:16,880 --> 00:13:20,160 Speaker 1: also a question about the psychological impact the staying power 222 00:13:20,240 --> 00:13:22,840 Speaker 1: that that has on an economy When you have tons 223 00:13:22,920 --> 00:13:27,160 Speaker 1: of thousands, uh perhaps a million people ultimately according to 224 00:13:27,240 --> 00:13:30,959 Speaker 1: some estimates, who lose their jobs in short order, What 225 00:13:31,040 --> 00:13:34,640 Speaker 1: does that do to the economy longer term in terms 226 00:13:34,679 --> 00:13:38,839 Speaker 1: of consumer spending and saving raids and household formation. I mean, 227 00:13:39,160 --> 00:13:41,640 Speaker 1: do you have a sense of how long lasting the 228 00:13:41,640 --> 00:13:46,360 Speaker 1: psychological impact could be? You know, in in some sense, 229 00:13:46,480 --> 00:13:49,760 Speaker 1: I would say that we are still dealing with the 230 00:13:49,960 --> 00:13:56,040 Speaker 1: psychological ramifications of the global financial crisis now, more than 231 00:13:56,080 --> 00:14:00,480 Speaker 1: a decade later. And I think that this app episode 232 00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:03,640 Speaker 1: that we're going through now again, depending on how long 233 00:14:03,720 --> 00:14:06,840 Speaker 1: lived it is, how the virus evolved, is going to 234 00:14:06,920 --> 00:14:12,079 Speaker 1: leave a signature in people's thinking. And I think it's 235 00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:16,880 Speaker 1: underscoring to them that the world is a risky place. Now. 236 00:14:16,920 --> 00:14:21,160 Speaker 1: What exactly that means for the economy going forward, I 237 00:14:21,200 --> 00:14:24,360 Speaker 1: think is an open issue. But on the margin, I 238 00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:27,440 Speaker 1: think everyone will for some time be a little more 239 00:14:27,440 --> 00:14:31,160 Speaker 1: cautious and recognize that there are broad classes of risks, 240 00:14:31,560 --> 00:14:34,680 Speaker 1: some that are evident, in some that like like this 241 00:14:34,800 --> 00:14:38,080 Speaker 1: virus that just kind of emerge out of nowhere. Nathan, 242 00:14:38,200 --> 00:14:40,200 Speaker 1: We're lucky to have you this morning because your economists 243 00:14:40,240 --> 00:14:43,560 Speaker 1: that sits around some really really great fixed income portfolio 244 00:14:43,600 --> 00:14:46,720 Speaker 1: managers like Greg Peters, like Mike Collins, like others over 245 00:14:46,720 --> 00:14:49,440 Speaker 1: a PGIM and I just wonder when you all bang 246 00:14:49,480 --> 00:14:51,680 Speaker 1: your heads against each other over the last couple of 247 00:14:51,720 --> 00:14:54,320 Speaker 1: weeks many times, I'm sure how you're thinking about the 248 00:14:54,400 --> 00:14:57,000 Speaker 1: key economic question at the moment. Two weeks ago, three 249 00:14:57,040 --> 00:14:59,680 Speaker 1: weeks ago, the happy talk of a V shaped recovery 250 00:14:59,760 --> 00:15:02,360 Speaker 1: still dominated a lot of Wall Street. That's gone really 251 00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:05,520 Speaker 1: really quickly. Now they still talk of eventually coming out 252 00:15:05,560 --> 00:15:08,200 Speaker 1: of this okay, But I think the downside risk that 253 00:15:08,240 --> 00:15:11,200 Speaker 1: we keep coming back to them this particular program is 254 00:15:11,240 --> 00:15:13,600 Speaker 1: will this episode spark a period of defaults and de 255 00:15:13,720 --> 00:15:15,680 Speaker 1: leveraging that it's going to stick with us for a 256 00:15:15,720 --> 00:15:18,720 Speaker 1: long time and long after this health crisis fate. When 257 00:15:18,720 --> 00:15:21,160 Speaker 1: you will get together Nathan on that issue, what comes 258 00:15:21,160 --> 00:15:24,400 Speaker 1: out of the other side of that conversation, Well, h 259 00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:29,480 Speaker 1: for some time we've been quite worried about about debt 260 00:15:29,600 --> 00:15:33,920 Speaker 1: levels and the risks that they might pose for de 261 00:15:34,160 --> 00:15:37,760 Speaker 1: leveraging going forward, and our senses at these high levels 262 00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:42,360 Speaker 1: of debt are an element that's contributing to these historically 263 00:15:42,400 --> 00:15:46,320 Speaker 1: low interest rates now obviously right now there's a lot 264 00:15:46,400 --> 00:15:51,000 Speaker 1: of crisis related factors that have dragged rates down even lower. 265 00:15:51,560 --> 00:15:56,680 Speaker 1: But those de leveraging incentives flowing from this recognition that 266 00:15:56,720 --> 00:16:00,000 Speaker 1: the world can be risky. I think they're with us 267 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:05,000 Speaker 1: for quite some time. And uh, and you know that 268 00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:09,200 Speaker 1: that that V shaped recession that you describe is feeling 269 00:16:09,240 --> 00:16:12,600 Speaker 1: so last week. You know, this week, I think we're 270 00:16:12,640 --> 00:16:16,120 Speaker 1: hoping for you, and Uh, I worry the next week 271 00:16:16,160 --> 00:16:20,120 Speaker 1: we may be thinking more in terms of the now, Nathan, 272 00:16:20,200 --> 00:16:23,520 Speaker 1: I'd love to dig more into the idea of deleveraging. 273 00:16:23,760 --> 00:16:26,640 Speaker 1: John is really right to keep bringing it up. There 274 00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:30,080 Speaker 1: is a question of how it looks. Does it look 275 00:16:30,160 --> 00:16:33,000 Speaker 1: like companies being more prudent and not doing as many 276 00:16:33,080 --> 00:16:37,720 Speaker 1: shared by backs and perhaps curbing certain types of executive compensation, 277 00:16:37,920 --> 00:16:40,960 Speaker 1: or does it look like bankruptcies and defaults? And those 278 00:16:40,960 --> 00:16:42,720 Speaker 1: are two very different outcomes. Do you have a sense 279 00:16:42,720 --> 00:16:49,320 Speaker 1: of that? It depends critically on how severe the economic 280 00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:54,560 Speaker 1: circumstances are. If if if we go through a period 281 00:16:55,280 --> 00:17:00,640 Speaker 1: here where CHDP falls sharply and that continues for several quarters, 282 00:17:01,560 --> 00:17:04,800 Speaker 1: I think we will see some corporate defaults. I think 283 00:17:04,840 --> 00:17:08,720 Speaker 1: that that's uh, that's unavoidable against fiscal policy can be 284 00:17:08,760 --> 00:17:12,280 Speaker 1: helpful in providing a safety net for some of those 285 00:17:12,320 --> 00:17:16,400 Speaker 1: firms and maybe delaying uh that process. But if this 286 00:17:16,480 --> 00:17:19,760 Speaker 1: is extended, I think we're going to see firms pushed 287 00:17:19,760 --> 00:17:22,720 Speaker 1: to the edge and maybe maybe beyond. If it's a 288 00:17:22,800 --> 00:17:28,440 Speaker 1: shorter term uh development that we're dealing with here, then 289 00:17:29,040 --> 00:17:31,600 Speaker 1: maybe firms will have a little bit more time and 290 00:17:31,680 --> 00:17:35,280 Speaker 1: they can do the gentle kinds of leveraging like you described, 291 00:17:35,440 --> 00:17:41,000 Speaker 1: of maybe reducing share by backs, um being a little 292 00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:47,040 Speaker 1: bit more cautious in terms of of mergers and acquisitions policy, 293 00:17:47,280 --> 00:17:50,600 Speaker 1: maybe being a little more cautious on dividends and that 294 00:17:50,720 --> 00:17:53,720 Speaker 1: kind of thing. But uh, it depends on where the 295 00:17:53,760 --> 00:17:56,719 Speaker 1: economy is headed. But you know, it is pretty clear 296 00:17:57,000 --> 00:18:00,760 Speaker 1: and even before this episode, that's the corporate it's got 297 00:18:00,760 --> 00:18:04,000 Speaker 1: the message that they had too much leverage and needed 298 00:18:04,040 --> 00:18:06,600 Speaker 1: to bring it down. Nthan Now that definitely needs a 299 00:18:06,760 --> 00:18:09,800 Speaker 1: Nthan Shakes page and fixed income economists great to catch 300 00:18:09,840 --> 00:18:11,320 Speaker 1: over the knighte and my best to the tame over 301 00:18:11,440 --> 00:18:17,560 Speaker 1: a page. There's a question going forward of what stock 302 00:18:17,600 --> 00:18:20,520 Speaker 1: investors are pricing into the market, and I want to 303 00:18:20,560 --> 00:18:23,480 Speaker 1: read you this quote from Sam Stovall Chief Investment Strategies 304 00:18:23,480 --> 00:18:26,600 Speaker 1: a CFR, A research in a Bloomberg News story recently, 305 00:18:26,680 --> 00:18:29,400 Speaker 1: what most investors are worried about is that a recession 306 00:18:29,600 --> 00:18:32,440 Speaker 1: is a foregone conclusion, and what we don't know is 307 00:18:32,480 --> 00:18:34,760 Speaker 1: the severity of the recession, whether it will be another 308 00:18:34,840 --> 00:18:38,239 Speaker 1: great recession or a shallow swoon. Sam joining us now 309 00:18:38,359 --> 00:18:40,719 Speaker 1: by phone, Sam, can you give us a sense right 310 00:18:40,880 --> 00:18:46,280 Speaker 1: now of what stocks are pricing in which of those scenarios? Well, 311 00:18:46,320 --> 00:18:48,720 Speaker 1: good morning, Lisa and Paul. I guess the question could 312 00:18:48,760 --> 00:18:53,720 Speaker 1: be what stocks are not pricing in the worst case scenario? UM. 313 00:18:54,359 --> 00:18:56,480 Speaker 1: A lot of people want to know just how bad 314 00:18:56,600 --> 00:19:00,080 Speaker 1: could it get? And if you look to valuate, and 315 00:19:00,280 --> 00:19:03,000 Speaker 1: you look to the fact that even though SMP capital 316 00:19:03,080 --> 00:19:06,720 Speaker 1: i Q consensus estimates are still pointing to a positive 317 00:19:06,800 --> 00:19:09,920 Speaker 1: two thousand and twenty UH, it's down from a near 318 00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:12,639 Speaker 1: eight percent growth at the beginning of the year. And 319 00:19:12,760 --> 00:19:16,400 Speaker 1: if you look to recessions since World War Two, basically 320 00:19:16,520 --> 00:19:19,560 Speaker 1: we have seen on average about a ten percent decline 321 00:19:19,760 --> 00:19:23,040 Speaker 1: in earnings. So if we were to see a hundred 322 00:19:23,040 --> 00:19:25,960 Speaker 1: and forty eight dollars on the SMP five hundred, not 323 00:19:26,040 --> 00:19:28,680 Speaker 1: a hundred and sixty eight dollars and if we went 324 00:19:28,760 --> 00:19:32,080 Speaker 1: down to a pe of ten times, which is where 325 00:19:32,200 --> 00:19:35,119 Speaker 1: we went in two thousand and eight, one could make 326 00:19:35,160 --> 00:19:37,560 Speaker 1: the case that we end up with a fifty six 327 00:19:37,640 --> 00:19:41,360 Speaker 1: percent bear market, so rivaling that of oh seven through 328 00:19:41,400 --> 00:19:46,960 Speaker 1: oh nine. So how much further do we have to go? Well, 329 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:50,240 Speaker 1: looking at those kind of numbers, you know we're down 330 00:19:51,160 --> 00:19:55,760 Speaker 1: right now, so it's almost a doubling of what we've declined. 331 00:19:56,920 --> 00:19:59,520 Speaker 1: All right, Sam, So what are you thinking about? You've 332 00:19:59,560 --> 00:20:01,960 Speaker 1: been in the mar It's a long time, Sam, give us. 333 00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:05,680 Speaker 1: I mean, this is clearly unprecedented times pandemics. This is 334 00:20:05,800 --> 00:20:08,120 Speaker 1: nothing we learned in business school. This is nothing we've 335 00:20:08,640 --> 00:20:11,800 Speaker 1: seen in markets before. What is your gut view of 336 00:20:11,920 --> 00:20:15,439 Speaker 1: kind of what's happening out there? Well, good, good way 337 00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:21,280 Speaker 1: of asking that. I think investors should embrace history over hysteria. UM. 338 00:20:21,720 --> 00:20:24,040 Speaker 1: When I look to what has happened in the past, 339 00:20:24,160 --> 00:20:27,840 Speaker 1: we went from a all time high to the to 340 00:20:27,920 --> 00:20:31,639 Speaker 1: climb threshold in twenty two calendar days, which was almost 341 00:20:31,720 --> 00:20:35,920 Speaker 1: twice as quick as the second most rapid decline UM 342 00:20:36,280 --> 00:20:40,520 Speaker 1: history would then imply, but not guarantee, that UH swift 343 00:20:40,680 --> 00:20:44,480 Speaker 1: tends to be shallow that on average, those bear markets 344 00:20:44,560 --> 00:20:48,480 Speaker 1: that did occur the most quickly ended up being down 345 00:20:48,680 --> 00:20:54,440 Speaker 1: anywhere from down to the UH just barely a bear 346 00:20:54,560 --> 00:20:59,000 Speaker 1: market registration. Also, when I look to a rolling fifteen 347 00:20:59,080 --> 00:21:02,399 Speaker 1: day percent change change in the intra day high and 348 00:21:02,520 --> 00:21:05,800 Speaker 1: low of the market, we are second highest only to 349 00:21:06,200 --> 00:21:10,080 Speaker 1: October late October of two thousand and eight. So we 350 00:21:10,280 --> 00:21:14,360 Speaker 1: surpassed the U. S. Treasury debt being downgraded in two 351 00:21:14,440 --> 00:21:18,639 Speaker 1: thousand and eleven. We surpassed the capitulation that took place 352 00:21:19,080 --> 00:21:22,320 Speaker 1: UH in the end of the O two bear market UM. 353 00:21:22,560 --> 00:21:25,840 Speaker 1: And basically, I think we're at an extreme in terms 354 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:30,159 Speaker 1: of volatility, which could imply that we are probably close 355 00:21:30,280 --> 00:21:34,280 Speaker 1: to this crescendo bottom. Yeah, essentially you mentioned the volatility. 356 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:36,200 Speaker 1: I'm just looking at the VIX on my Bloomberg terminal 357 00:21:36,280 --> 00:21:40,760 Speaker 1: screen here eighty one point six seven. Just extraordinary levels 358 00:21:41,119 --> 00:21:44,359 Speaker 1: on the VIX. So Sam, to the extent that you know, 359 00:21:44,440 --> 00:21:48,480 Speaker 1: let's look towards the the other side of this virus 360 00:21:49,160 --> 00:21:53,480 Speaker 1: pandemic crisis. Where where do you think investors when we 361 00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:58,440 Speaker 1: do get there, where should they be looking? Initially? Well, 362 00:21:58,520 --> 00:22:00,960 Speaker 1: the first question is what makes think that we could 363 00:22:01,000 --> 00:22:04,160 Speaker 1: actually be getting close to a bottom? UH. Well, first 364 00:22:04,240 --> 00:22:08,679 Speaker 1: off is from an economic perspective, we're still only calling 365 00:22:08,800 --> 00:22:12,439 Speaker 1: for one quarter of GDP decline. Of course, it's going 366 00:22:12,520 --> 00:22:14,840 Speaker 1: to be a steep one. We think that when the 367 00:22:14,920 --> 00:22:17,639 Speaker 1: numbers finally come out, will be up one percent in 368 00:22:17,680 --> 00:22:20,280 Speaker 1: the first quarter, mainly because of a lot of hoarding 369 00:22:20,359 --> 00:22:23,479 Speaker 1: that is being taking place. Second quarter, however, we're going 370 00:22:23,520 --> 00:22:26,120 Speaker 1: to take it on the chin with a five percent decline, 371 00:22:26,640 --> 00:22:31,400 Speaker 1: but then see a dramatic bounce up six point four 372 00:22:31,480 --> 00:22:34,639 Speaker 1: percent in Q three and four point four percent in 373 00:22:34,840 --> 00:22:39,480 Speaker 1: Q four. UM looking to a simple screening of those 374 00:22:39,600 --> 00:22:44,040 Speaker 1: companies where we have BY or strong BY recommendations PE 375 00:22:44,240 --> 00:22:48,600 Speaker 1: ratios below that of the market, yet have high SMP 376 00:22:49,160 --> 00:22:54,000 Speaker 1: earnings and dividend quality rankings meaning consistency of raising earnings 377 00:22:54,040 --> 00:22:56,760 Speaker 1: and dividends. You've got a lot of names that are 378 00:22:56,840 --> 00:23:03,160 Speaker 1: fairly comfortable with investors. Comcast, Disney, General Mills, Tyson, Amera, Prise, CBS, 379 00:23:04,119 --> 00:23:08,040 Speaker 1: Health Cor, etcetera. Uh So these are companies like if 380 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:10,800 Speaker 1: you're an investor who wants to wear both a belt 381 00:23:10,880 --> 00:23:15,959 Speaker 1: and suspenders. Uh these could be goodbyes going forward. If, however, 382 00:23:16,080 --> 00:23:17,879 Speaker 1: you say no, I want to go for those that 383 00:23:17,960 --> 00:23:21,560 Speaker 1: have fallen the most, because history says those that were 384 00:23:21,640 --> 00:23:25,119 Speaker 1: worst end up becoming first. Uh. That is true that 385 00:23:25,320 --> 00:23:28,760 Speaker 1: when the bottom does occur, usually those priced to go 386 00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,320 Speaker 1: out of business but did not are the ones that 387 00:23:31,480 --> 00:23:34,440 Speaker 1: tend to recover the most. We're speaking with Sam Stove, 388 00:23:34,440 --> 00:23:37,600 Speaker 1: all c f R, A chief investment strategists, and here 389 00:23:37,880 --> 00:23:41,200 Speaker 1: we were basically flat, certainly on the NASDAC when we opened, 390 00:23:41,560 --> 00:23:44,480 Speaker 1: but seven minutes into the trading day here in New York, 391 00:23:44,880 --> 00:23:48,560 Speaker 1: and we see the gravitational force is lower. The SMP 392 00:23:48,800 --> 00:23:52,600 Speaker 1: now down one point ninety two points is the level there, 393 00:23:52,640 --> 00:23:55,960 Speaker 1: the nastack down eight tens of a percent at sixty two, 394 00:23:56,000 --> 00:23:59,200 Speaker 1: And we're looking at at this sort of uncertainty Sam, 395 00:23:59,440 --> 00:24:01,760 Speaker 1: that you're talking thing about about the depth of the 396 00:24:02,320 --> 00:24:06,159 Speaker 1: potential recession, about just how long lasting it will be, 397 00:24:06,760 --> 00:24:09,840 Speaker 1: as well as which areas are going to get hit hardest. 398 00:24:09,920 --> 00:24:12,080 Speaker 1: And I'm wondering on the other side of this, and 399 00:24:12,160 --> 00:24:15,280 Speaker 1: I do want to focus on that, just because markets 400 00:24:15,359 --> 00:24:18,560 Speaker 1: do try to price in some sort of future. Um, 401 00:24:18,840 --> 00:24:22,560 Speaker 1: do you have a sense of which companies, which sectors 402 00:24:22,880 --> 00:24:30,280 Speaker 1: are likely to emerge first? Well? Uh? In their market environments. Uh. 403 00:24:30,560 --> 00:24:34,320 Speaker 1: It's traditionally your defensive that hold up the best. So UH, 404 00:24:34,440 --> 00:24:38,920 Speaker 1: consumer staples healthcare. UM. You know, when the going gets tough, 405 00:24:39,040 --> 00:24:41,760 Speaker 1: the tough go eating, smoking and drinking and if they 406 00:24:41,840 --> 00:24:43,920 Speaker 1: overdo what they have to go to the doctor. On 407 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:47,360 Speaker 1: the flip side, however, it's usually the cyclicals that tend 408 00:24:47,440 --> 00:24:52,520 Speaker 1: to be the outperformers industrials, financials, technology that tend to 409 00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:57,120 Speaker 1: be those that lead on the re emergence of optimism. 410 00:24:57,280 --> 00:24:59,840 Speaker 1: So you know, I would tend to say, look to 411 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:03,280 Speaker 1: those quality companies UH in each one of those more 412 00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:06,639 Speaker 1: cyclical sectors, and they're the ones that are likely to 413 00:25:06,760 --> 00:25:09,040 Speaker 1: lead us out. What about big tech because that was 414 00:25:09,080 --> 00:25:12,240 Speaker 1: the main driver ahead of this downturn UH for for 415 00:25:12,320 --> 00:25:16,680 Speaker 1: equity valuations. Do you think they'll continue to lead? Um, Yes, 416 00:25:16,800 --> 00:25:20,040 Speaker 1: I do. I think when you look to technology right now, 417 00:25:20,640 --> 00:25:23,160 Speaker 1: SMP capital i Q is pointing to only a one 418 00:25:23,240 --> 00:25:26,800 Speaker 1: point three percent gain and earnings in two thousand and twenty. 419 00:25:27,160 --> 00:25:29,840 Speaker 1: Yet tech is still expected to be up about seven 420 00:25:29,920 --> 00:25:33,520 Speaker 1: and a half percent, the best by far of any 421 00:25:33,600 --> 00:25:37,320 Speaker 1: of the other sectors within the five hundreds. So looking 422 00:25:37,480 --> 00:25:43,080 Speaker 1: at relatively low PE ratios for the sector, UH technology 423 00:25:43,200 --> 00:25:47,000 Speaker 1: now trading at seventeen four versus fourteen four based on 424 00:25:47,160 --> 00:25:50,200 Speaker 1: two thousand and twenty estimates, tech is one of those 425 00:25:50,280 --> 00:25:53,360 Speaker 1: four sectors that is trading at a double digit discount 426 00:25:53,720 --> 00:25:57,720 Speaker 1: to its relative pe over the last twenty years. Sam, 427 00:25:57,760 --> 00:26:00,800 Speaker 1: what do you make of the fiscal us we're starting 428 00:26:00,840 --> 00:26:03,440 Speaker 1: to hear about coming out of Washington. Do you think 429 00:26:03,760 --> 00:26:05,800 Speaker 1: is that kind of in line with where it needs 430 00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:09,120 Speaker 1: to be or do you think we need even more Well? 431 00:26:09,320 --> 00:26:12,800 Speaker 1: I think that we need to be putting a lot 432 00:26:12,920 --> 00:26:17,120 Speaker 1: of money back into the system as quickly as possible. Certainly, 433 00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:20,400 Speaker 1: you know many are complaining that it's not being done 434 00:26:20,480 --> 00:26:23,560 Speaker 1: quickly enough, but I tend to think that, based on 435 00:26:23,720 --> 00:26:28,080 Speaker 1: how slowly Congress usually works, that this is pretty much 436 00:26:28,200 --> 00:26:31,320 Speaker 1: light speed for them. Um. I think that the fiscal 437 00:26:31,400 --> 00:26:35,719 Speaker 1: stimulus won't stop any near term margin call induce selling, 438 00:26:36,359 --> 00:26:42,720 Speaker 1: but it would definitely offer a subsequent springboard to a recovery. Sam, So, 439 00:26:43,080 --> 00:26:44,639 Speaker 1: I guess I just want to just clarify if you 440 00:26:44,720 --> 00:26:47,879 Speaker 1: are you kind of in that V shaped economic scenario 441 00:26:47,880 --> 00:26:50,480 Speaker 1: where we're gonna have one down quarter and then pick 442 00:26:50,520 --> 00:26:54,040 Speaker 1: it right back up. Yes, that's where we're leaning now, 443 00:26:54,200 --> 00:26:58,520 Speaker 1: but it's obviously a very fluid situation. Our belief was 444 00:26:58,720 --> 00:27:02,800 Speaker 1: that back in just before the first US case of 445 00:27:03,280 --> 00:27:07,920 Speaker 1: COVID nineteen was reported expectations were for about a two 446 00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:11,000 Speaker 1: point four percent game in the second quarter g d P. 447 00:27:11,600 --> 00:27:13,640 Speaker 1: Then it went down to one and a half two 448 00:27:13,960 --> 00:27:17,680 Speaker 1: and now it's five UM. But still it is a 449 00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:21,960 Speaker 1: one quarter decline with a very sharp recovery in two three. 450 00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:26,359 Speaker 1: But obviously those numbers are subject to revision. Sam Stobal, 451 00:27:26,400 --> 00:27:28,520 Speaker 1: thank you so much for being with us c f R, 452 00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:32,400 Speaker 1: a chief investment strategist. Thanks for listening to the Bloomberg 453 00:27:32,440 --> 00:27:38,400 Speaker 1: Surveillance podcast. Subscribe and listen to interviews on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, 454 00:27:38,800 --> 00:27:42,959 Speaker 1: or whichever podcast platform you prefer. I'm on Twitter at 455 00:27:43,040 --> 00:27:47,280 Speaker 1: Tom Keane before the podcast. You can always catch us worldwide. 456 00:27:47,800 --> 00:27:48,840 Speaker 1: I'm Bloomberg Radio.