WEBVTT - Duels: A guide to throwing down the gauntlet 0:00:00.320 --> 0:00:02.880 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 0:00:03.200 --> 0:00:07.400 It's ready. Are you welcome to you Stuff you should 0:00:07.480 --> 0:00:16.240 Know from house Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome 0:00:16.280 --> 0:00:19.239 to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. With me is Charles W. 0:00:19.480 --> 0:00:23.200 Chuff Bryant and uh, you've got stuff you should know 0:00:23.840 --> 0:00:27.520 on guard. Yeah, it's too shame it means a touch 0:00:27.560 --> 0:00:30.280 and friends. I thought this was one of the funniest 0:00:30.320 --> 0:00:32.360 openings of an article ever. By the way, did you 0:00:32.400 --> 0:00:35.000 like it? I thought that very first part was hysterical 0:00:35.000 --> 0:00:36.879 when I read it. Well, you know what, it just 0:00:36.920 --> 0:00:38.839 so happens. I don't have an intro for this one, 0:00:38.880 --> 0:00:40.480 so I think you might want to read it. Should 0:00:40.479 --> 0:00:44.320 we just read it? Yeah? Ed Grabanowski never lets us down. 0:00:44.560 --> 0:00:47.760 He's good the Grabster h This is how duels work. 0:00:48.960 --> 0:00:52.400 Ladies and gentlemen. Pistols at dawn. The challenge is issued. 0:00:52.720 --> 0:00:54.360 To turn it down would leave you marked as a 0:00:54.400 --> 0:00:57.280 coward for life. You meet at the chosen spot, facing 0:00:57.280 --> 0:01:00.560 your opponent at a distance of twenty paces. You're dueling. 0:01:00.600 --> 0:01:03.000 Pistols are loaded. One or both of you could be 0:01:03.040 --> 0:01:06.080 severely wounded or killed. Today doctors are standing by them 0:01:06.080 --> 0:01:08.679 in the damage if possible, while your friends eye each 0:01:08.680 --> 0:01:11.920 other warily. Why is this all happening because you made 0:01:11.920 --> 0:01:16.199 fun of his hat? So good? That is about right too, 0:01:16.240 --> 0:01:18.240 if we find out and the rest of the article, Yeah, 0:01:18.280 --> 0:01:21.399 well done, Grabster. It's not much of an exaggeration. Apparently, 0:01:21.440 --> 0:01:24.960 throughout the history of people or ever since, we've had 0:01:24.959 --> 0:01:28.680 swords at least um men have challenged other men to 0:01:28.840 --> 0:01:33.200 duels and other people have died as the result. You know, 0:01:33.440 --> 0:01:35.760 I thought this is a great article. Um, I thought 0:01:35.800 --> 0:01:38.240 so too. This is definitely something I knew like virtually 0:01:38.280 --> 0:01:41.640 nothing about. Yeah, officially, me too. But I did find 0:01:41.680 --> 0:01:47.360 out that things like uh while West duels shootouts very 0:01:47.480 --> 0:01:51.720 very close to reality. Sure, they apparently happened to coincide 0:01:51.720 --> 0:01:53.960 at a time when dueling was very popular in America, 0:01:54.200 --> 0:01:55.600 and this kind of all it was. It was the 0:01:55.600 --> 0:01:59.200 Old West version of Pistols at Dawn and um. As 0:01:59.240 --> 0:02:02.480 an aside, probably the best dueling movie of all time, 0:02:02.920 --> 0:02:06.080 The Quicken the Dead, The Quicken the Dead. It's exactly right. 0:02:06.120 --> 0:02:09.880 If you have not seen that, pause, pause this podcast, 0:02:10.200 --> 0:02:12.480 get off your treadmill, put your ice cream down, whatever 0:02:12.520 --> 0:02:15.600 you're doing, go watch The Quicken the Dead. And then 0:02:15.639 --> 0:02:17.959 come back and resume this podcast. Yeah. You know, what 0:02:18.000 --> 0:02:20.400 I always appreciate about that movie was that there were 0:02:21.240 --> 0:02:25.440 how many how many quick draw shootouts? Like, let's say 0:02:25.480 --> 0:02:28.320 they were ten in the movie. Each one of them 0:02:28.360 --> 0:02:31.519 was different. He filmed him different and had a different 0:02:31.520 --> 0:02:34.160 feel Like. I just thought that was so creative, like 0:02:34.200 --> 0:02:36.720 each one had its own little flavor. That's our Sam Raymie. 0:02:36.880 --> 0:02:39.600 He's so good man. I love that movie. Um, he's 0:02:39.600 --> 0:02:42.560 got something new coming out, doesn't he? Mr Hollywood guy? 0:02:42.560 --> 0:02:45.880 Come on, he's got something coming He's not doing the 0:02:45.880 --> 0:02:49.440 New Spider Man. What's uh? I don't know. I think 0:02:49.480 --> 0:02:51.920 he might be working on another Evil Dead, like a 0:02:52.000 --> 0:02:55.520 modern remake the uptake, or he might just be producing that. 0:02:55.639 --> 0:02:58.240 If he does that, then'll be the second time he's 0:02:58.240 --> 0:03:00.720 remade The Evil Dead, and Well Dead two is a 0:03:00.760 --> 0:03:04.240 remake of the Evil Dad. Yeah pretty much? Okay, Um, 0:03:04.320 --> 0:03:08.120 so Chuck. A duel for anybody who doesn't know, is 0:03:08.160 --> 0:03:12.280 basically a one on one battle, as is evidenced by 0:03:12.360 --> 0:03:16.920 the etomology and apparently we said entomology before. I don't 0:03:16.919 --> 0:03:18.919 know that. I don't like some eleven year old kid 0:03:18.960 --> 0:03:20.120 called us out on that. I think he might have 0:03:20.160 --> 0:03:23.440 misertus because I definitely know the difference between etomology and entomology. 0:03:23.480 --> 0:03:27.560 Etomology etomology of the word duel is um. I think 0:03:27.680 --> 0:03:33.960 Latin right, duello, I'm sorry, dwell um, which is a 0:03:33.960 --> 0:03:38.040 contraction of a duo too and bellum war obviously antebellum 0:03:38.240 --> 0:03:44.440 pre war. Okay, I never realized that, huh, okay, But 0:03:44.600 --> 0:03:47.760 duo too. It's basically a war between two individuals is 0:03:47.760 --> 0:03:51.640 a duel um and it's been around for quite a 0:03:51.640 --> 0:03:54.480 long time. Um, I guess we should probably just get 0:03:54.520 --> 0:03:56.640 to the get to the meat of it first. Let's 0:03:56.720 --> 0:03:58.640 let's talk about duels and then we'll talk a little 0:03:58.680 --> 0:04:01.200 bit about the history. Let's just throw down the gauntlet. 0:04:01.400 --> 0:04:03.800 So somebody does throw down the gauntlet, and a gauntlet 0:04:03.920 --> 0:04:06.640 is a glove. And when you throw down a gauntlet 0:04:06.720 --> 0:04:09.200 at the feet of somebody that was at the height 0:04:09.240 --> 0:04:13.520 of dueling, um enough to issue a challenge you and 0:04:13.560 --> 0:04:16.200 I are going to try to kill one another for 0:04:16.240 --> 0:04:19.320 a little bit. Were not necessarily we'll get to that. Um. 0:04:19.800 --> 0:04:22.400 When you went to a duel, you had a second 0:04:23.320 --> 0:04:26.839 which basically was the guy who came along a friend, 0:04:26.880 --> 0:04:30.360 a trusted individual. Uh. It was it was like the 0:04:30.360 --> 0:04:33.320 best man at your death. He was there to like 0:04:33.400 --> 0:04:38.240 help you prepare your firearms or your sword. Um. He 0:04:38.360 --> 0:04:43.160 was there to basically make sure you weren't ambushed. Um. 0:04:43.279 --> 0:04:47.520 He was supposedly a neutral third party, a second um. 0:04:47.760 --> 0:04:51.400 Supposedly uh and uh. Supposedly we would try to talk 0:04:51.839 --> 0:04:54.719 talk it down and diffuse it. That was the first 0:04:54.839 --> 0:04:57.080 role of the second But I don't know how much 0:04:57.120 --> 0:04:59.479 I buy that. And Ed even points out, like more 0:04:59.560 --> 0:05:01.960 times than not, the second way to actually fight the 0:05:02.000 --> 0:05:04.920 other second and sometimes there was third and force that 0:05:04.920 --> 0:05:08.200 would fight the other third en force. And that's I 0:05:08.240 --> 0:05:11.120 looked at this as it's the same as like a 0:05:11.200 --> 0:05:15.920 bar fight today. There's always usually like a friend nearby 0:05:16.160 --> 0:05:18.680 that's you know, he's got your back, but it's really 0:05:18.680 --> 0:05:20.440 between you and that jerk. But if things get out 0:05:20.440 --> 0:05:21.960 of hand, he like gets a beer bottle all of 0:05:21.960 --> 0:05:25.040 a sudden, then you get involved and his friend gets involved. 0:05:25.960 --> 0:05:29.160 So it's sort of like that. I think, Yeah, if 0:05:29.200 --> 0:05:30.840 he tries to get in the middle of the two things, 0:05:30.880 --> 0:05:32.600 he ends up like River Phoenix at the end of 0:05:32.640 --> 0:05:34.360 stand by Me and takes a knife to the neck 0:05:34.440 --> 0:05:37.599 and dies in a bar that was so sad satis 0:05:37.720 --> 0:05:43.120 ending a River Phoenix character. Let's say, since he really died, 0:05:43.160 --> 0:05:44.920 then that's we should point that out. He had a 0:05:44.960 --> 0:05:48.919 sad ending in real life as well. Um, So Chuck. 0:05:49.480 --> 0:05:53.279 When you declared duel, you could use any weapon, but 0:05:53.480 --> 0:05:55.920 for a very long time, basically all you had available 0:05:55.920 --> 0:05:59.040 to you was a heavy sword. Yes, and you had 0:05:59.160 --> 0:06:02.640 used the same weapon, and depending on what code of 0:06:02.720 --> 0:06:06.839 dueling you were following, the challenger or challenge E would 0:06:06.880 --> 0:06:10.839 pick that weapon, right. Um, and you mentioned dueling codes. 0:06:10.880 --> 0:06:13.640 There were several dueling codes and the one that became 0:06:14.400 --> 0:06:17.920 the most widespread was the Dueling Code of seventeen seventy seven, 0:06:17.960 --> 0:06:22.920 the Irish code UM, which is cited extensively in this article. 0:06:22.920 --> 0:06:25.200 And I believe you're prepared to give everyone a treat 0:06:25.360 --> 0:06:28.960 and read some of the rules from the code. Yeah, 0:06:29.000 --> 0:06:34.760 the code Duello uh. It replaced um, the floss uh Duellatorium, 0:06:35.320 --> 0:06:38.560 which was in the fourteen hundreds, the ill Duello in 0:06:38.680 --> 0:06:42.080 fifteen fifty. Apparently the Germans had their own dueling code 0:06:43.000 --> 0:06:48.839 which um it was set by the fect Schulen dueling schools. 0:06:49.240 --> 0:06:52.320 Imagine there's was just because they were German. It was 0:06:52.320 --> 0:06:55.800 probably a little more hardcore, although everything was pretty hardcore 0:06:55.839 --> 0:06:58.719 back then. It was. But if you look at the 0:06:58.800 --> 0:07:03.359 dueling codes um, a lot of the rules appear to 0:07:03.400 --> 0:07:07.080 be set up so that you don't kill the other person. 0:07:07.800 --> 0:07:10.320 The whole point of a duel is not to kill 0:07:10.360 --> 0:07:14.080 the other person's to regain honor. Dueling is the result 0:07:14.120 --> 0:07:17.120 of an insult. When somebody insults you and you challenge 0:07:17.160 --> 0:07:20.440 them to a duel, you are seeking to say, I'm 0:07:20.480 --> 0:07:25.240 going to get my satisfaction from you. Basically, you punked 0:07:25.240 --> 0:07:28.480 me out in public, and that can't happen, that's another 0:07:28.520 --> 0:07:30.560 way to put it, because I would be looked at 0:07:30.560 --> 0:07:32.680 as a coward, and that would be a knock on 0:07:32.760 --> 0:07:36.640 my family's and my ancestors honor. Even Yeah, you had 0:07:36.680 --> 0:07:40.480 to protect the honor of your ancestors backwards and forwards 0:07:40.800 --> 0:07:44.920 in in space or time on either side of you. 0:07:45.160 --> 0:07:47.680 That's right, as I was saying, some of the uh, 0:07:47.760 --> 0:07:51.640 some of the rules are intended to prevent harm or injury, 0:07:52.240 --> 0:07:54.920 Like you see people like facing away from each other 0:07:55.000 --> 0:07:58.000 and turning and firing. That was a designed so that 0:07:58.040 --> 0:08:02.760 when you're using a clumsy seven teenth century firearm, Yeah, 0:08:02.840 --> 0:08:06.760 the chances of you hitting anybody, but a bystander way 0:08:06.800 --> 0:08:09.560 off in the distance is pretty low. Yeah. From what 0:08:09.600 --> 0:08:11.920 I gathered after reading a handful of these rules is 0:08:11.960 --> 0:08:17.400 that the Code Duello encouraged injury but not death. Yeah. 0:08:17.520 --> 0:08:22.560 What they didn't encourage was purposefully uh firing in the air, 0:08:22.840 --> 0:08:25.600 as sometimes happened when neither one of them really wanted 0:08:25.640 --> 0:08:28.160 to get hurt. They didn't really like that because that 0:08:28.240 --> 0:08:31.240 sort of takes all the the jotspah out of the 0:08:31.320 --> 0:08:34.760 duel to begin with. You're very excited to read these rules, 0:08:34.800 --> 0:08:36.840 aren't you jumping ahead a little bit? No? No No, no, 0:08:36.880 --> 0:08:39.960 we're not there yet. Um. But one of the rules, 0:08:40.200 --> 0:08:42.720 uh was that the winner could pretty much do whatever 0:08:42.720 --> 0:08:45.000 they wanted it once you've won the duel. If let's 0:08:45.000 --> 0:08:47.280 say there's an injury, you could kill him if you wanted. 0:08:48.320 --> 0:08:50.800 You could just humiliate him if you wanted. You could 0:08:51.840 --> 0:08:53.840 be a good guy and say, you know what, my 0:08:53.920 --> 0:08:58.079 honor has been squashed. It's great, so, uh, let me 0:08:58.120 --> 0:09:01.440 give you a hand up, a little buddy, and you're 0:09:01.440 --> 0:09:03.400 a good person for doing that. I would say, so 0:09:03.960 --> 0:09:06.480 I could see you totally doing that, Chuck. That wouldn't 0:09:06.520 --> 0:09:08.200 I would have been that. There's no way I would 0:09:08.200 --> 0:09:11.240 have been dueling to begin with. You you could also 0:09:11.320 --> 0:09:14.000 cut the other person's head off after finishing them off, 0:09:14.120 --> 0:09:16.280 or maybe finish them off by cutting his head off 0:09:16.320 --> 0:09:19.720 and then posting it in a public place, right um. 0:09:19.760 --> 0:09:22.840 I said also that the Irish code is very widespread, 0:09:22.960 --> 0:09:25.840 so much so that this to me is one of 0:09:25.840 --> 0:09:29.360 the facts of the podcast. It was reprinted in full 0:09:29.559 --> 0:09:32.720 as part of the Midshipman's Handbook of the U. S. 0:09:32.840 --> 0:09:37.160 Navy up until eighteen sixty two, when the Navy outlawed 0:09:37.240 --> 0:09:40.920 or band dueling among officers. But up until that time, 0:09:40.960 --> 0:09:43.520 it was like, hey, you're probably gonna get a duel 0:09:43.559 --> 0:09:45.360 at some point in time, and here's what the Navy 0:09:45.360 --> 0:09:48.120 says about that. And what the Navy says is what 0:09:48.160 --> 0:09:51.920 the Irish saying. Women typically did not duel and when 0:09:51.920 --> 0:09:54.520 they did, uh, it says in the article here it 0:09:54.559 --> 0:09:58.720 was viewed on as an oddity and a strange, amusing spectacle, 0:09:59.320 --> 0:10:02.120 which like Foxy boxing is today, well or the it's 0:10:02.160 --> 0:10:06.280 kind of like the first catfights. Yeah, is that sexist totally? 0:10:06.400 --> 0:10:09.000 But I mean that's what they that's apparently what they 0:10:09.240 --> 0:10:12.880 they viewed duels among women as it was an amusement 0:10:12.960 --> 0:10:15.240 for men because women are just so stupid. But that 0:10:15.400 --> 0:10:19.320 that right, except except if you were dumb enough to 0:10:19.400 --> 0:10:23.640 make uh that kind of judgment about Llamo pen Yeah, 0:10:23.760 --> 0:10:25.720 you probably would have had your head cut clean off 0:10:25.840 --> 0:10:31.040 your body. She was a genuine dueler swordswoman, and depending 0:10:31.040 --> 0:10:33.600 on who you talked to, it's either her father who 0:10:33.600 --> 0:10:36.600 trained her, or a lover who was a great fencer. 0:10:37.640 --> 0:10:40.880 And uh, however, I think she liked the ladies as well, 0:10:41.559 --> 0:10:44.480 because later in her life, after performing in bars and 0:10:45.280 --> 0:10:48.120 a dressed as a man, but not to like say 0:10:48.160 --> 0:10:49.800 hey I am a man. I think it was just like, hey, 0:10:49.800 --> 0:10:51.959 I'm more comfortable in these clothes. It's easier to move 0:10:51.960 --> 0:10:56.839 in these clothes exactly. Um, she uh dug up the 0:10:56.880 --> 0:10:59.800 corpse of a dead nun right put in the dorm room, 0:11:00.000 --> 0:11:02.360 set that room on fire to take her own death 0:11:02.840 --> 0:11:05.360 so she could escape the convent with her female lover. 0:11:08.000 --> 0:11:10.920 She was a pretty uh progressive rock and chick back then. Yeah, 0:11:10.960 --> 0:11:14.120 she was pretty cool. Um, and that was after she 0:11:14.480 --> 0:11:19.360 retired from the opera Early Sea. Yeah, so she she 0:11:19.440 --> 0:11:22.840 was pretty cool. No foxy boxing there, No, I don't 0:11:22.840 --> 0:11:24.240 even know what that is. I haven't seen that. It's 0:11:24.240 --> 0:11:27.760 exactly what it sounds like, yeah, it was kind of 0:11:27.800 --> 0:11:30.840 big in the I think the eighties, maybe the seventies 0:11:31.720 --> 0:11:35.520 of like just women like boxing one another, but not 0:11:36.120 --> 0:11:40.200 really and then like it's it's incredibly sexist. There were 0:11:40.200 --> 0:11:42.840 a lot of fights at my school, my high school. 0:11:43.040 --> 0:11:44.439 I mean not like a lot, like it was a 0:11:44.520 --> 0:11:47.280 rough of school, but it always struck me even as 0:11:47.280 --> 0:11:49.520 a youngster that like, when guys would get in a fight, 0:11:50.040 --> 0:11:53.000 it was always horrific, and then when girls would get 0:11:53.040 --> 0:11:55.280 in a fight, the dudes would be sitting around laughing 0:11:55.320 --> 0:11:57.800 at it. I saw a girl fight in high school 0:11:57.840 --> 0:12:00.480 once that was really disturbing. It was more disturbing then 0:12:00.520 --> 0:12:03.560 any guy fight I've ever seen because girls fight dirty. Yeah, 0:12:03.800 --> 0:12:05.760 both of these girls were fighting very dirty. It was 0:12:05.840 --> 0:12:08.440 really horrible. M One of the I think like the 0:12:08.440 --> 0:12:11.280 assistant principal jumped in and got like smacked around and 0:12:11.360 --> 0:12:14.200 ended up backing off. Yeah, that was a bad fight. 0:12:14.679 --> 0:12:16.520 So there was nothing funny about that one. No, not 0:12:16.600 --> 0:12:18.960 at all. And I mean, really, is there anything funny 0:12:18.960 --> 0:12:22.200 about anybody fighting? No? I don't think so, unless it's like, 0:12:24.280 --> 0:12:27.240 I don't know, clowns, Yeah, clowns fighting, Yeah, that'd be funny. 0:12:27.280 --> 0:12:31.000 Clown fight. That's hilarious unless one of them dies, that's right, 0:12:31.960 --> 0:12:34.960 Uh chuck. So we mentioned that seconds are in charge 0:12:35.000 --> 0:12:39.640 of issuing apologies, and you can't just go over and say, um, 0:12:39.679 --> 0:12:43.319 hey man, guys, sorry, he'll never do it again. Can 0:12:43.360 --> 0:12:47.400 he have his gauntlet back? That just doesn't work. There's standards, 0:12:47.800 --> 0:12:51.480 there's rules to issuing an apology, and as I understand, 0:12:51.520 --> 0:12:55.880 you're prepared to explain the rule from the Code Duello 0:12:56.080 --> 0:12:59.079 for issuing apology. I think even it's rule number one, 0:12:59.360 --> 0:13:02.040 very first rule, as it should be. Let's hear, the 0:13:02.120 --> 0:13:06.640 first offense requires the first apology, though the retort may 0:13:06.720 --> 0:13:11.200 have been more offensive than the insult. Example, A tells 0:13:11.320 --> 0:13:16.320 B he is impertinent, ETCETERA B retorts that he lies. 0:13:17.000 --> 0:13:20.560 Yet A must make the first apology because he gave 0:13:20.600 --> 0:13:24.679 the first offense, and then, after one fire, B may 0:13:24.840 --> 0:13:28.960 explain away the retort by a subsequent apology. Very nice, 0:13:29.040 --> 0:13:32.840 thank you, thank you very much. Um. So, basically, no 0:13:32.880 --> 0:13:36.920 matter how bad the retort is from the first insult, Yes, 0:13:36.960 --> 0:13:39.760 whoever insults the other person first has to apologize first, 0:13:40.240 --> 0:13:42.680 then they shooting one another, and then the second person 0:13:42.880 --> 0:13:48.520 can apologize. Um. You also have rules to whether or 0:13:48.559 --> 0:13:51.720 not or how a um an apology can be accepted, 0:13:51.880 --> 0:13:55.280 or if an apology a verbal one is even worth 0:13:55.320 --> 0:13:58.400 anything at all? What situation that is it? Won't you? 0:13:58.600 --> 0:14:01.360 I point you to rule number five Josh as a 0:14:01.480 --> 0:14:06.920 blow is strictly prohibited under any circumstances among gentlemen. So 0:14:07.000 --> 0:14:11.199 no hitting, evidently, yeah no, Or if you do, that's it. Yeah, 0:14:11.280 --> 0:14:14.840 there's no going back, No vertebal apology can be received 0:14:14.840 --> 0:14:19.800 for such an insult. The alternatives therefore, the offender handing 0:14:19.920 --> 0:14:22.080 a cane to the injured party to be used on 0:14:22.120 --> 0:14:24.880 his own back at the shame time, begging pardon and 0:14:25.440 --> 0:14:28.760 fightering on until one or both are disabled, or exchanging 0:14:28.880 --> 0:14:33.200 three shots and then asking pardon without profit of the cane. 0:14:33.200 --> 0:14:38.080 So if you wanted apology after smacking someone in the face, um, 0:14:38.120 --> 0:14:40.160 but you didn't want the cane, you guys have just 0:14:40.240 --> 0:14:43.880 shooted each other three times, or I imagine maybe deal 0:14:43.960 --> 0:14:48.000 three blows with a sword. Right. But by this time 0:14:48.040 --> 0:14:51.400 seventy seven firearms were all the rage for dueling, which 0:14:51.400 --> 0:14:54.320 we'll get to. Um, so you've got to duel. All 0:14:54.360 --> 0:14:58.680 the apologies have been either not offered or rejected, and 0:14:58.760 --> 0:15:03.240 it's time for the due it's uh, there's certain etiquette, right. 0:15:04.600 --> 0:15:10.160 You mentioned um that there's rules against not really doing 0:15:10.200 --> 0:15:12.880 this wholeheartedly, Like if you're going to get into a duel, 0:15:12.960 --> 0:15:15.440 you have to do it wholeheartedly as as far as 0:15:15.520 --> 0:15:20.280 the code duelloh um is concerned. But this is also 0:15:20.400 --> 0:15:23.400 one of the more frequently broken rules because most people 0:15:23.440 --> 0:15:25.520 who were in duels didn't really want to die, and 0:15:25.600 --> 0:15:27.560 they probably didn't want to kill the other person either, 0:15:27.800 --> 0:15:30.560 because I imagine when you're in a duel with somebody 0:15:30.800 --> 0:15:33.400 and that's your reality at that moment, and it's not 0:15:33.480 --> 0:15:36.000 just some guys and powdered wigs out, you know, in 0:15:36.080 --> 0:15:39.000 an apple tree, and it's avoid engraving or wood carving, 0:15:39.520 --> 0:15:42.320 but it's really what's going on in your world. Right then, 0:15:42.720 --> 0:15:47.360 I'm sure you are acutely interested in not killing and 0:15:47.480 --> 0:15:50.440 not dying at that moment. Yeah. I would applied them 0:15:50.440 --> 0:15:52.280 with alcohol. I would have been the guy being like, 0:15:52.320 --> 0:15:54.320 come on, man, you would have made a great second, 0:15:54.360 --> 0:15:57.120 like can we just have this ale here and talk 0:15:57.200 --> 0:16:00.440 it over and laugh about it? Right, it's an right, 0:16:01.360 --> 0:16:05.320 but they took it way more seriously than So. There's 0:16:05.360 --> 0:16:07.720 this rule that says, man, if you're going to get 0:16:07.760 --> 0:16:10.040 in a duel, you have to do it all the way. 0:16:10.080 --> 0:16:14.160 It's called Rule thirteen. No dumb shooting or fighting in 0:16:14.200 --> 0:16:20.320 the air is admissiable. In any case, the challenger ought 0:16:20.400 --> 0:16:23.840 not to have challenge without receiving offense, and the challenged ought, 0:16:23.960 --> 0:16:27.240 if he gave a finch, to have made an apology 0:16:27.320 --> 0:16:30.880 before he came on the ground. Therefore, children's play must 0:16:30.880 --> 0:16:33.400 be dishonorable on one side of the other end is 0:16:33.400 --> 0:16:37.400 accordingly prohibited. Very nice. Um, so you've got all these 0:16:37.840 --> 0:16:41.320 we need strickling Huh No, No, I think that's great. Okay. Um, 0:16:41.480 --> 0:16:45.680 so so you you've got this rule that says you 0:16:45.680 --> 0:16:48.239 you do this all the way. But that's not necessarily 0:16:48.240 --> 0:16:51.400 how a lot of duels worked. Um, guys would agree 0:16:51.400 --> 0:16:53.960 ahead of time, like, hey, we're actually gonna do the duel, 0:16:53.960 --> 0:16:56.680 but we'll both shoot into the air. Um, you don't 0:16:56.680 --> 0:16:59.960 want an idea, which, which, by the way, is what happened, 0:17:00.280 --> 0:17:02.920 is how Alexander Hamilton died at the hands of the 0:17:02.920 --> 0:17:06.320 treacherous Aaron Burr. Let's go ahead and talk about it. Well, 0:17:06.600 --> 0:17:10.120 they were political rivals, they were both um, they were 0:17:10.160 --> 0:17:12.280 in a law firm together, and that's where they first 0:17:12.440 --> 0:17:14.760 learned to hate one another, and then they were in 0:17:14.840 --> 0:17:17.640 a very small country at the time. They were very 0:17:17.680 --> 0:17:21.920 big fish in the same small pond um and things 0:17:21.920 --> 0:17:24.480 got out of hand. And I can't remember who challenged 0:17:24.520 --> 0:17:27.520 you to a duel, do you? Uh? Yes, it was 0:17:27.880 --> 0:17:30.320 a series of insults. And this was at a time 0:17:31.160 --> 0:17:36.400 where the losing presidential candidate would become vice president, which 0:17:36.440 --> 0:17:39.080 could you imagine that these days? Yeah, they'd be pretty 0:17:39.119 --> 0:17:41.480 awesome kind of. I think it'd be nice. It would. 0:17:41.560 --> 0:17:44.639 It would temper things, it would. I guess it was 0:17:44.640 --> 0:17:49.920 for balance of power. It was a consolation price, that's true. Uh, 0:17:49.960 --> 0:17:52.640 So they disliked each other. There were a bunch of insults, 0:17:52.640 --> 0:17:57.840 and Burr challenged Hamilton's in Weehawken, New Jersey, and uh 0:17:58.560 --> 0:18:01.960 they're varying accounts um on what happened. But what we 0:18:02.040 --> 0:18:05.720 do know that happened Hamilton's got shot, Bird didn't Whether 0:18:05.800 --> 0:18:07.720 or not Hamilton's fired in the air is a good guy, 0:18:07.800 --> 0:18:10.159 that's what I heard, or got hit and was like 0:18:10.720 --> 0:18:14.080 and fired up in the air. Never, it's debatable. Alexander 0:18:14.080 --> 0:18:17.479 Hamilton was a crack shot. You great timing. He had 0:18:17.520 --> 0:18:21.920 catlike reflexes. Aaron Burr shot Hamilton's Hamilton's fired into the air. 0:18:22.600 --> 0:18:25.480 Aaron Burr was actually, uh, I think arrested for murder, 0:18:25.560 --> 0:18:29.119 wasn't he? He was charged with murder and basically acquitted 0:18:29.119 --> 0:18:32.680 in the end. But um, this is a time when 0:18:32.720 --> 0:18:34.200 it was like kind of on the OLPs they were 0:18:34.200 --> 0:18:37.359 beginning to outlaw dueling anyway, and it ruined his career, 0:18:37.440 --> 0:18:40.399 basically ruined his political career. From that point, people are like, 0:18:40.880 --> 0:18:44.359 who's on the twenty and by twenty, of course, I 0:18:44.400 --> 0:18:47.440 mean who's on the tin? Yeah, Jackson's on the twenty, 0:18:47.720 --> 0:18:50.760 but Alexander Hamilton's un stopped emailing. You've got nothing but 0:18:50.800 --> 0:18:52.840 twenties though in your role, so that I can't even 0:18:52.840 --> 0:18:54.720 tell him he's on the time. And did they even 0:18:54.720 --> 0:18:58.720 make dollar bills? Um? So, chuck, let's get two seconds, 0:18:58.920 --> 0:19:01.960 which again I wanted to say that, um oh before 0:19:01.960 --> 0:19:04.960 I got ahead of ourselves. I'm sorry. Um. Also, you 0:19:05.000 --> 0:19:07.399 should never duel at night. The only time when you 0:19:07.400 --> 0:19:10.199 can legitimately hold a duel at night, meaning that the 0:19:10.359 --> 0:19:13.480 same night of the offense. Um, it was when the 0:19:13.520 --> 0:19:17.240 person was going to be leaving town before daybreak. No 0:19:17.320 --> 0:19:19.080 need to even read that one that speaks for itself, 0:19:19.119 --> 0:19:21.920 and that makes good sense. Basically they're cooler. Heads prevailed 0:19:21.920 --> 0:19:26.040 generally the next day, h which is a great rule 0:19:26.200 --> 0:19:29.320 in marriage in life. I'm always a big fan of 0:19:29.520 --> 0:19:31.000 sleep on it. Why don't we sleep on it? Yep, 0:19:31.320 --> 0:19:35.080 you're absolutely right. But and but sometimes the wife will 0:19:35.080 --> 0:19:38.040 still wake up just as angry the next day. It happens, 0:19:38.080 --> 0:19:40.280 But most times the worst is waking up in the 0:19:40.320 --> 0:19:45.040 middle of the night angry. Yeah. That's pretty bad when 0:19:45.080 --> 0:19:50.240 the rage is seething. Um, So, Chuck, do you want 0:19:50.240 --> 0:19:54.320 to talk about seconds? Yes? Uh? Seconds Uh. They had 0:19:54.359 --> 0:19:57.120 very specific rules for the role of the second Um. 0:19:57.240 --> 0:19:59.639 They had to take care of the guns in the 0:19:59.680 --> 0:20:01.840 same a and load in the presence of one another. 0:20:02.119 --> 0:20:07.520 I can't shake the feeling that we're both in trouble. Um. 0:20:07.560 --> 0:20:09.600 They would have to, like I said, load the guns 0:20:09.600 --> 0:20:12.760 together and in front of each other, and the gun 0:20:12.840 --> 0:20:15.840 was already agreed upon. Um. They have a smooth a 0:20:15.880 --> 0:20:18.720 smooth boar. Yeah, and I think the rifle boar would 0:20:18.760 --> 0:20:21.600 would be a more accurate, longer distance shot. So they said, 0:20:21.680 --> 0:20:23.560 we can't use up. Yeah. It's like shot putting a 0:20:23.560 --> 0:20:26.399 football or throwing it in a tight spiral, which one 0:20:26.480 --> 0:20:29.600 is going to get further with more accuracy. Exactly. That 0:20:29.680 --> 0:20:32.560 makes sense. But yeah, so you want to load in 0:20:32.640 --> 0:20:35.159 the presence of one another, yeah, saying look, see the 0:20:35.160 --> 0:20:38.520 boar smooth, and we're doing it right here so everyone 0:20:38.520 --> 0:20:41.560 can see it. There are sports, everyone pay attention. And 0:20:41.640 --> 0:20:45.359 we also mentioned how they are bound to offer or 0:20:45.480 --> 0:20:50.520 to try to get an apology generated to avoid a duel. 0:20:50.560 --> 0:20:53.440 They're supposed to according to the code UH and then 0:20:53.520 --> 0:20:56.560 rule twenty five if if they can't come to any 0:20:56.640 --> 0:21:00.600 kind of resolution and the seconds clearly or eyeball on 0:21:00.680 --> 0:21:03.640 one another, like oh dude, you're going down to it's 0:21:03.640 --> 0:21:06.280 on between us. They had rules for that as well, 0:21:06.520 --> 0:21:12.439 like rule where seconds disagree and resolved to exchange shots themselves. 0:21:13.080 --> 0:21:16.040 It must be at the shame time and at right angles. 0:21:16.080 --> 0:21:18.600 With their principles, I don't get the right angles thing. 0:21:18.600 --> 0:21:24.400 How is that physically possible? I don't know. I took 0:21:24.440 --> 0:21:28.000 that to mean they shoot from the same angle that 0:21:28.080 --> 0:21:31.200 would be parallel, not right angle. Well, I don't think 0:21:31.200 --> 0:21:33.600 it meant right angle in the geometric sense. I think 0:21:33.680 --> 0:21:37.040 it meant the correct angle, as in the same angle. 0:21:37.440 --> 0:21:40.560 Maybe I'm wrong. Do you think it meant like geometry 0:21:41.160 --> 0:21:43.880 I think the authors had put in a full day 0:21:43.880 --> 0:21:45.560 by the time they got to this rule, or maybe 0:21:45.560 --> 0:21:47.800 at right angles. That meant, if these two are shooting here, 0:21:48.000 --> 0:21:50.560 then they have to shoot there. So they don't there's 0:21:50.600 --> 0:21:56.320 no crossfire coming at them. Okay, so they make a square. 0:21:57.280 --> 0:21:59.560 I don't know, we'll have to look into that um. 0:21:59.640 --> 0:22:01.480 And then how do you know when a duels over, 0:22:01.640 --> 0:22:05.720 especially when it doesn't necessarily result in the decapitation of one. 0:22:05.760 --> 0:22:07.720 When you cut somebody's head off and posted on a 0:22:07.760 --> 0:22:11.399 pike in the town square, the duels over. But there's 0:22:11.480 --> 0:22:16.560 also more nuanced endings possible. Right rule number five if 0:22:16.600 --> 0:22:21.200 Schauds are used, Mr Turbec, the parties engage until one 0:22:21.280 --> 0:22:25.280 is well bloodied, disabled or disarmed, or until after receiving 0:22:25.280 --> 0:22:30.359 a wound and blood being drawn, unless the unless the 0:22:30.400 --> 0:22:33.760