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Speaker 1: The Michael Berry Show. We had a lot of very

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Speaker 1: positive feedback on last week's podcast about that. Pete Hegseth did.

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Speaker 1: They have a different guest each week, and he was

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Speaker 1: the guest doing the podcast last week.

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Speaker 2: And it's from.

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Speaker 1: Hillsdale College, and we think they do fantastic work, and

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Speaker 1: we sometimes amplify the work that they're doing. They have

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Speaker 1: a series they're doing called The Story of America. And

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Speaker 1: since so many people enjoyed last week, we're sharing another

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Speaker 1: episode with you. You know, when you think about the Revolutionary War,

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Speaker 1: you think about the battles, and you think about the effort.

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Speaker 1: You know, these were citizen soldiers. These were citizens in

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Speaker 1: their own homes, as you know the story of Paul

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Speaker 1: Revere in his midnight ride, or you know Washington crossing

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Speaker 1: the Delaware. These were not professional warriors. These were farmers

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Speaker 1: who just wanted to protect their land. They're people their

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Speaker 1: freedom and one of the interesting aspects that Hillsdale has

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Speaker 1: profiled is espionage. And I think this is going to

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Speaker 1: be for some of you your favorite of anything we do.

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Speaker 1: For a little while. Brian kill me to Fox News

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Speaker 1: who loves Loves Loves History. In fact, when I first

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Speaker 1: met buck Sexton. His wife was working for Brian Kilmead

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Speaker 1: on his production department where they go out to different

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Speaker 1: places and they film things, a lot of historical things,

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Speaker 1: and she said, he's just an absolute nerd for history,

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Speaker 1: and I love that, and you can see that in

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Speaker 1: the work he's generating. Anyway, support Hillsdale College, share their

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Speaker 1: content if you can financially support them. We think they

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Speaker 1: do great work. This is the story of the culper spiring.

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Speaker 2: People in order to film a motive.

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Speaker 1: Texas House did breaking the house. We played each other alive,

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Speaker 1: our fortune and I.

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Speaker 2: Play with an.

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Speaker 3: When we think of the American Revolution, we often think

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Speaker 3: of the famous battlefields of Valley Forge and Saratoga, of

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Speaker 3: muskets and minute men, of the Boston Tea Party, and

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Speaker 3: Paul Revere's Midnight Ride. But there was another war, albeit

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Speaker 3: one kept under wraps and waged in the shadows, But

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Speaker 3: a war there was no less dangerous than the kind

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Speaker 3: fought on horseback, as.

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Speaker 2: Canon whistled overhead.

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Speaker 3: By November seventeen seventy six, mere months after the signing

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Speaker 3: of the Declaration of Independence, the Continental Army had endured

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Speaker 3: heavy losses and a punishing string of setbacks in New

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Speaker 3: York and New Jersey. In Long Island, roughly thirteen hundred

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Speaker 3: Americans were killed, wounded, or captured.

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Speaker 2: At Fort Washington.

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Speaker 3: General Washington was forced to surrender roughly three thousand men

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Speaker 3: and the five major battles between August and November of

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Speaker 3: seventeen seventy six, the Continental Army was reduced to fewer

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Speaker 3: than five thousand men inside a candle with ten along

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Speaker 3: the New York Harbor. Following the catastrophic defeat at the

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Speaker 3: Battle of Long Island, General Washington confronted a grim reality. Surrounded,

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Speaker 3: outnumbered and out maneuvered, he.

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Speaker 2: Asked his officers for the unthinkable, Do we have any

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Speaker 2: other options? Silence follows. They all knew the truth. Only

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Speaker 2: a miracle could save them.

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Speaker 3: The months that followed, the mightiest military power in the

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Speaker 3: world drove the beleaguered American forces from the New York region,

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Speaker 3: pushing them through New Jersey and nearly to the brink

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Speaker 3: of collapse. Supplies were scarce, spirits were low, and time

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Speaker 3: was running out. In the winter of seventeen seventy six,

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Speaker 3: Washington's crossing at Trenton and Princeton were astonishing victories. But

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Speaker 3: these achievements alone could not reverse the tide of the war.

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Speaker 2: The British army had captured.

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Speaker 3: New York, a critical stronghold for trade and transportation, and

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Speaker 3: turned Manhattan into a fortress.

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Speaker 2: New York, without exaggeration, is.

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Speaker 3: The pivot on which the entire revolution War turned, said

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Speaker 3: John Adams himself. And without the city, and without intelligence

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Speaker 3: from inside its gates, Washington knew the American cause.

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Speaker 2: Would not survive.

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Speaker 3: He needed eyes, he needed ears, he needed spies. From

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Speaker 3: this necessity was born one of the most audacious and

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Speaker 3: cont sequential acts of espionage in our nation's history, The

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Speaker 3: cul Perspiring, headquartered in British occupied New York City. This

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Speaker 3: six person intelligence network changed the course of the Revolutionary

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Speaker 3: War and the fate.

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Speaker 2: Of our new nation.

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Speaker 3: Washington turned to a young officer named Benjamin Talmadge code

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Speaker 3: named John Bolton. Talmid replaced General Charles Scott, whose approached

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Speaker 3: espionage had been blunt and rather unimaginative. Scott would dispatch

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Speaker 3: loan scouts on one way missions across enemy lines, hoping

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Speaker 3: they returned with scraps of intelligence. Was a gamble, and

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Speaker 3: one that too often failed. The execution of Lieutenant Nathan Hale,

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Speaker 3: who was caught tried and sentenced to death within the

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Speaker 3: span of twelve hours was a grim case in point,

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Speaker 3: Talmadge suggested.

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Speaker 2: A new approach to Washington.

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Speaker 3: Instead of risking the lives of uniformed officers by sending

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Speaker 3: them behind enemy lines, why not gather intelligence through unsuspecting

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Speaker 3: allies who already lived in British occupied territory, creating a

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Speaker 3: network of spies living among the British. Washington agreed with

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Speaker 3: the Talman strategy and appointed him Chief of Intelligence. Talmadge

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Speaker 3: was only twenty four, but he knew both the people

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Speaker 3: and the landscape on Long Island well, which would prove

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Speaker 3: to be invaluable Major Talmadge immediately began creating a tight

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Speaker 3: knit ring of embedded operatives working silently beneath the surface

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Speaker 3: in the British occupied Long Island, but became known as

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Speaker 3: the Culpra spy ring. Was the most successful spy network

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Speaker 3: on either side of the war. Talmadge's recruits were not

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Speaker 3: particularly well trained. Indeed, these informants consisted primarily of old

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Speaker 3: friends he had made while growing up into talkot Long Island.

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Speaker 3: They were farmers, merchants, and laborers. Their intelligence network operated

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Speaker 3: successfully in and around New York City for five years,

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Speaker 3: no spy's true identity was revealed, not to General Washington,

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Speaker 3: not even Amongst one of there was Abraham Woodhull, a

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Speaker 3: young New York farmer who ferried messages under the name

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Speaker 3: Samuel Culper Senior.

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Speaker 2: His counterpart, Samuel Culper.

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Speaker 3: Junior, was Robert Townsend, who wrote for a loyalist newspaper

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Speaker 3: while secretly.

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Speaker 2: Reporting to Washington.

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Speaker 3: Austin Rowe, a tavern keeper, carried messages hidden in saddlebags.

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Speaker 3: Caleb Brewster, a defiant seaman, rode across the Long Island

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Speaker 3: Sound to deliver intelligence to the Commander in chief himself.

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Speaker 2: Among the company of double.

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Speaker 3: Agents, there was also a woman, her identity still unknown,

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Speaker 3: code named Agent three fifty five. A lady shrouded in mystery,

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Speaker 3: she seduced secrets from the lips of British soldiers. According

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Speaker 3: to speculations, it was Agent three fifty five who relayed

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Speaker 3: the critical information that ultimately exposed the treasonous actions of

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Speaker 3: Benedict Arnold.

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Speaker 2: Lastly, there was James Rivington.

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Speaker 3: When the early sparks of the Revolution ignited into open

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Speaker 3: war in seventeen seventy five, Rivington found himself squarely in

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Speaker 3: the crosshairs. His New York print shop, once a hub

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Speaker 3: of loyalist literature, was ransacked torched by the Sons of Liberty.

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Speaker 3: Fearing for his safety, Rivington fled to England, but exile

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Speaker 3: didn't last. By seventeen seventy seven, he was back in

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Speaker 3: New York, quietly reopening his business, this time just steps

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Speaker 3: from the dry goods store of a discreet patriot named

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Speaker 3: Robert Townsend. Something had changed after Rivington's return. Whether it

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Speaker 3: was a genuine conversion, a practical play for profit, or

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Speaker 3: frustration with the Crown censorship, especially its muzzling of Rivington's

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Speaker 3: attempt to criticize General Howe, remains uncertain. What is clear, however,

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Speaker 3: is that sometime in late seventeen seventy eight, the once

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Speaker 3: loyal English born printer began to operate under the noses

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Speaker 3: of British officers, feeding sensitive communications to the Culper's spir

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Speaker 3: ring Now to the world, Rivington was a first rate

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Speaker 3: loyalist owner of one of New York's most prominent coffeehouses,

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Speaker 3: editor of the Royal Gazette, and personal printer to the

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Speaker 3: King's most excellent Majesty, the Gazette famously published biting satire

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Speaker 3: against the American cause.

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Speaker 2: His coffeehouse, nestled in the heart of British occupied New.

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Speaker 3: York, became a veritable nest of loose slip British officers.

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Speaker 3: Rivington's outward loyalty to the British made him the perfect spy.

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Speaker 3: No one suspected the outspoken Tory to slip coded messages

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Speaker 3: inside book bindings and passed them along to Robert Townsend.

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Speaker 3: To protect the ring of spies, he commanded Major Talmadge

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Speaker 3: crafted a system, the System of Extraordinary Precision, and, given

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Speaker 3: that names were too traceable, assigned each of the spies

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Speaker 3: a code number in their encrypted communications. In total, seven

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Speaker 3: hundred and sixty three numerical identities were created. Each site

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Speaker 3: for protecting a patriot. Rivington was seven to twenty SI

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Speaker 3: in the COPRA codebook. Only once secrecy was no longer

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Speaker 3: needed did it become public knowledge that this apparent trader

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Speaker 3: to America had in fact been one of its fiercest defenders.

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Speaker 3: Information flowed from New York City Northwood to General Washington's

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Speaker 3: camp in New Windsor, threading its way through miles.

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Speaker 2: Of British controlled territory.

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Speaker 3: The operation began with Austin Rowe, who would make the

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Speaker 3: long ride from Long Island into Manhattan under the guise

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Speaker 3: of routine business.

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Speaker 2: There in the quiet.

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Speaker 3: Of Townshend shop Roe, who plays an innocuous order one

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Speaker 3: encoded with Washington's pre arranged phrases, which Townshend received.

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Speaker 2: Via courier from headquarters.

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Speaker 3: The request, signed by Talmadge under his alias John Bolton,

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Speaker 3: triggered the next phase. Roe concealed the dispatches by folding

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Speaker 3: them among the merchandise annas strong. A local would hang

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Speaker 3: a black petticoat on a clothesline visible for the Long

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Speaker 3: Island Sound to alert TYLEB.

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Speaker 2: Brewster.

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Speaker 3: The contents of Army's boatmen series of handkerchiefs indicated the

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Speaker 3: precise cove where Brewster could land under cover of night.

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Speaker 3: Brewster would then ferry the intelligence across the sound and

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Speaker 3: into the hands of Talmage. The process spanned two weeks

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Speaker 3: from beginning to end. Through painstaking observation, the culper spies

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Speaker 3: uncovered a devastating British scheme of economic sabotage.

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Speaker 2: Thousands of Ford's Continental.

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Speaker 3: Dollars were being printed in New York and smuggled across

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Speaker 3: enemy lines. The British were deliberately devaluing American currency, aiming

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Speaker 3: to wreck the fragile economy of the nascent Republic. Washington

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Speaker 3: responded swiftly, shutting down the counterfeit circulation routes and launching

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Speaker 3: efforts to stabilize the currency.

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Speaker 2: It was an invisible victory.

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Speaker 3: But without it, the revolution may well have buckled under

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Speaker 3: the weight of economic ruin. But that was only the

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Speaker 3: start of the Culper Spy's successful espionage. In seventeen seventy eight,

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Speaker 3: the culp Perspiring obtained the British naval code book and

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Speaker 3: delivered it to French Admiral Diastan. With the vital intelligence,

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Speaker 3: the French were able to anticipate British naval movements in

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Speaker 3: American waters, enabling Diastan's fleet to evade traps, strike more effectively,

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Speaker 3: and secure critical victories at sea, culminating in naval dominance

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Speaker 3: that helped corner British forces at Yorktown. General Clinton and

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Speaker 3: Admiral Graves were assembling a force of nine warships and

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Speaker 3: nearly ten thousand troops with plans to strike row Champou's

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Speaker 3: soldiers in a surprise assault. Acting Swiftly, Major Talmage relaid

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Speaker 3: the intelligence through trusted channels to deliver the intelligence directly

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Speaker 3: to the French officers in Newport. Simultaneously, Hamilton rushed word

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Speaker 3: to Lafayette and Washington, and they devised a successful scheme

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Speaker 3: to divert the British forces back towards New York. What

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Speaker 3: could have been a crushing British flow was thwarted through

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Speaker 3: daring espionage. Famously, the Spies uncovered the treachery of Benedict Donald,

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Speaker 3: exposing his plan to surrender West Point to the British.

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Speaker 3: Had Arnold's mission succeeded, West Point would have fallen into

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Speaker 3: British hands, the Hudson River would have been severed, the

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Speaker 3: colonies divided, and the revolution itself smothered in its cradle.

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Speaker 2: It's no exaggeration to say.

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Speaker 3: That the course of the American Revolution, indeed the very

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Speaker 3: existence of the United States, turned on messages no one

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Speaker 3: could see, sent by men whose name's history almost forgot.

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Speaker 3: The British intelligence officer Major George Beckworth put it this way.

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Speaker 3: Washington did not really outfight the British, He simply outspied us.

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Speaker 3: It may be more accurate to say Washington outfought the

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Speaker 3: British because he outspied them. The heroes of the Culper

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Speaker 3: Spiring operated under cover, without recognition, without reward, and at

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Speaker 3: immense personal risk. When the war ended, they saw no

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Speaker 3: fair for their covert acts of courage. Indeed, several of

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Speaker 3: their identities were not confirmed for nearly two centuries. It

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Speaker 3: is tempting to read history as the dramatic tale of

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Speaker 3: generals and statesmens presiding over events of grand significance, as

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Speaker 3: the forces of destiny itself seemed to bend according to

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Speaker 3: their will. Victory in the American Revolution was achieved not

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Speaker 3: only on the battlefield, but in back rooms and back alleys,

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Speaker 3: from code letters and clever disguises. The heroes of the

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Speaker 3: Culper Ring did not seek glory. They sought freedom. Their

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Speaker 3: courage reminds us that the fate of a nation can

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Speaker 3: hinge on the quiet work of brave men and brave

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Speaker 3: women who may forever remain unseen, unheralded, and unnamed. Today

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Speaker 3: we remember and honor their quiet courage and their willingness

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Speaker 3: to risk their lives for this new nation.

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Speaker 2: Their stories and names will not be forgott.

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Speaker 1: If you like The Michael Berry Show and podcast please

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Speaker 1: tell one friend, and if you're so inclined, write a

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Speaker 1: nice review of our podcast. Comments, suggestions, questions, and interest

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Speaker 1: in being a corporate sponsor and partner can be communicated

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Speaker 1: directly to the show at our email address, Michael at

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Speaker 1: Michael Berryshow dot com, or simply by clicking on our

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Speaker 1: website Michael Berryshow dot com. The Michael Berry Show and

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Speaker 1: Podcast is produced by Ramon Roeblis, the King of Ding.

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Speaker 1: Executive producer is Chad Knakanishi. Jim Mudd is the creative director.

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Speaker 1: Voices Jingles, Tomfoolery and Shenanigans are provided by Chance McLain.

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Speaker 1: Director of Research is Sandy Peterson. Emily Bull is our

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Speaker 1: assistant listener and superfan. Contributions are appreciated and often incorporated

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Speaker 1: into our production. Where possible, we give credit, where not,

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Speaker 1: we take all the credit for ourselves. God bless the

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Speaker 1: memory of Rush Limbaugh. Long live Elvis, be a simple

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Speaker 1: man like Leonard Skinnard told you, and God bless America. Finally,

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Speaker 1: if you know a veteran suffering from PTSD, call Camp

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Speaker 1: Hope at eight seven seven seven one seven PTSD and

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Speaker 1: a combat veteran will answer the phone to provide free counseling,