1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:03,280 Speaker 1: Hey, y'all, We're rerunning two episodes today, which means you 2 00:00:03,400 --> 00:00:07,480 Speaker 1: might hear two hosts. Enjoy the show. Welcome to this 3 00:00:07,560 --> 00:00:10,200 Speaker 1: Day in History Class from how Stuff Works dot Com 4 00:00:10,280 --> 00:00:12,680 Speaker 1: and from the desk of Stuff you Missed in History Class. 5 00:00:12,800 --> 00:00:15,080 Speaker 1: It's the show where we explore the past one day 6 00:00:15,120 --> 00:00:17,160 Speaker 1: at a time with a quick look at what happened 7 00:00:17,200 --> 00:00:24,360 Speaker 1: today in history. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm 8 00:00:24,360 --> 00:00:28,720 Speaker 1: Tracy V. Wilson, and it's October. The Great Disappointment of 9 00:00:28,720 --> 00:00:30,960 Speaker 1: the Miller Rights took place on this day in eighteen 10 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:34,920 Speaker 1: forty four. This disappointment was rooted in a prediction, and 11 00:00:34,960 --> 00:00:39,040 Speaker 1: the prediction was rooted in the idea of Millinarianism, which 12 00:00:39,120 --> 00:00:43,160 Speaker 1: was an increasingly popular idea in the eighteen hundreds. Millinarianism 13 00:00:43,479 --> 00:00:46,600 Speaker 1: stemmed from a concept in the Book of Revelation that 14 00:00:46,760 --> 00:00:51,440 Speaker 1: associated with the Last Judgment would be the establishment by 15 00:00:51,560 --> 00:00:54,720 Speaker 1: Jesus Christ of a one thousand year kingdom of God 16 00:00:54,760 --> 00:00:57,640 Speaker 1: on Earth. This idea was also drawing out of the 17 00:00:57,680 --> 00:01:00,040 Speaker 1: Second Great Awakening, which was a time of real a 18 00:01:00,200 --> 00:01:03,400 Speaker 1: just revival in the United States and parts of Europe. 19 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:07,360 Speaker 1: At the heart of this particular prediction was William Miller 20 00:01:07,720 --> 00:01:09,440 Speaker 1: he was a farmer and had served in the War 21 00:01:09,440 --> 00:01:13,039 Speaker 1: of eighteen twelve. He had studied the Bible extensively, although 22 00:01:13,040 --> 00:01:16,160 Speaker 1: he didn't have a formal education in theology, and he 23 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:19,720 Speaker 1: believed that when it came to the Bible, every day 24 00:01:19,800 --> 00:01:23,080 Speaker 1: that was described was really a year, and he focused 25 00:01:23,120 --> 00:01:25,600 Speaker 1: on a passage in the Bible that referenced a period 26 00:01:25,600 --> 00:01:29,479 Speaker 1: of one thousand, two hundred sixty days. He started with that, 27 00:01:30,000 --> 00:01:31,640 Speaker 1: and then he came up with a lot of really 28 00:01:31,680 --> 00:01:37,160 Speaker 1: complicated equations. Based on these equations. In September of eight two, 29 00:01:37,200 --> 00:01:39,560 Speaker 1: he told some people he knew that he had calculated 30 00:01:39,680 --> 00:01:43,560 Speaker 1: when Christ would return to Earth, the world would end, 31 00:01:44,120 --> 00:01:46,320 Speaker 1: the righteous would have send to heaven. He said, he 32 00:01:46,360 --> 00:01:48,960 Speaker 1: knew when this was going to happen. It was only 33 00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:52,200 Speaker 1: when he started giving public lectures on this idea about 34 00:01:52,240 --> 00:01:54,440 Speaker 1: nine years later that it really started to catch on. 35 00:01:55,200 --> 00:01:59,560 Speaker 1: Publisher Joshua Van Himes helped publicize his work. Miller had 36 00:01:59,560 --> 00:02:03,520 Speaker 1: his own hint for holding public addresses and basically revivals. 37 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:07,880 Speaker 1: There were numerous Miller Right publications, numerous meetings where he 38 00:02:07,880 --> 00:02:12,200 Speaker 1: talked about this whole idea, and he gained so many followers. 39 00:02:12,680 --> 00:02:15,079 Speaker 1: The followers that he gained became known as the Miller Rights, 40 00:02:15,760 --> 00:02:19,880 Speaker 1: but he still wasn't announcing the exact date of Christ's 41 00:02:19,880 --> 00:02:23,040 Speaker 1: return at this point. At first, he said it would 42 00:02:23,040 --> 00:02:25,519 Speaker 1: just be sometime in eighteen forty three or eighteen forty four, 43 00:02:25,560 --> 00:02:27,600 Speaker 1: and some of his followers lashed onto the idea of 44 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:30,720 Speaker 1: March twenty one, eighteen forty three. Miller himself, though, said 45 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:32,079 Speaker 1: that it could go all the way to a year 46 00:02:32,120 --> 00:02:36,440 Speaker 1: after that March twenty one of eighteen forty four. When 47 00:02:36,480 --> 00:02:39,480 Speaker 1: on March twenty two of eighteen forty four nothing had happened, 48 00:02:39,600 --> 00:02:42,400 Speaker 1: they thought perhaps they had been right with the equations 49 00:02:42,400 --> 00:02:45,360 Speaker 1: but wrong with the calendar. They switched to using the 50 00:02:45,480 --> 00:02:49,240 Speaker 1: Kawriite calendar instead of the Rabbinic one, and they started 51 00:02:49,280 --> 00:02:52,360 Speaker 1: plotting now for the day to be April eighteenth of 52 00:02:52,440 --> 00:02:55,160 Speaker 1: eighteen forty four, And that date came and went to 53 00:02:56,720 --> 00:03:00,120 Speaker 1: this time, the Miller Rights suspected that they had are 54 00:03:00,120 --> 00:03:02,760 Speaker 1: did a period of waiting that has referenced in a 55 00:03:02,760 --> 00:03:04,800 Speaker 1: couple of parts of the Bible. This period of waiting 56 00:03:04,880 --> 00:03:08,600 Speaker 1: is known as the tarrying time. And then that August 57 00:03:08,720 --> 00:03:14,040 Speaker 1: Samuel S. Snow proposed another date October eighteen forty four, 58 00:03:14,760 --> 00:03:18,320 Speaker 1: When that date came and went and nothing had happened, 59 00:03:18,880 --> 00:03:22,200 Speaker 1: the movement really fell apart. It's called the Great Disappointment 60 00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:24,720 Speaker 1: because the miller Wits weren't dreading the end of the world. 61 00:03:24,840 --> 00:03:27,600 Speaker 1: They were eagerly looking forward to it. They thought they 62 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:29,720 Speaker 1: were going to be among the people who would ascend 63 00:03:29,720 --> 00:03:32,960 Speaker 1: into heaven. They would get to meet Jesus Christ. This 64 00:03:33,120 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: was now obviously not going to happen. There were still 65 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:40,440 Speaker 1: a few Millerites who held out hope. After the date 66 00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:43,720 Speaker 1: of the Great Disappointment of October, some of them had 67 00:03:43,760 --> 00:03:46,440 Speaker 1: given away all of their belongings and preparation for the 68 00:03:46,520 --> 00:03:48,840 Speaker 1: end of the world. At its peak, there had been 69 00:03:48,880 --> 00:03:51,920 Speaker 1: as many as a million adherents to this idea, although 70 00:03:52,280 --> 00:03:55,000 Speaker 1: all million of them had not given away their possessions 71 00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:58,960 Speaker 1: and preparation for it. Some former Millerits went on to 72 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:03,800 Speaker 1: establish other religions, including the Seventh day Adventist Church. Ellen Harmon, 73 00:04:03,960 --> 00:04:07,040 Speaker 1: who later married James White and co founded the church, 74 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:09,640 Speaker 1: had been one of those who were disappointed in the 75 00:04:09,680 --> 00:04:13,600 Speaker 1: Great Disappointment. Some of the disappointed, though, really saw the 76 00:04:13,600 --> 00:04:17,800 Speaker 1: Great Disappointment as fulfilling its own prophecy. Miller died in 77 00:04:17,920 --> 00:04:21,960 Speaker 1: Hampton New York on December eighteen forty nine. Thanks to 78 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:24,719 Speaker 1: Christopher Hasciotis for his research work on today's episode, an 79 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:27,599 Speaker 1: Tatari Harrison for all of her audio work on this podcast. 80 00:04:27,680 --> 00:04:29,720 Speaker 1: You can subscribe to This Day in History Class on 81 00:04:29,760 --> 00:04:32,440 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, Google podcast and where ever else to get 82 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:35,680 Speaker 1: your podcasts. Tune in tomorrow for a war that was 83 00:04:35,720 --> 00:04:47,839 Speaker 1: a lot more serious than its name suggests. Hello history lovers, 84 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:51,600 Speaker 1: I'm Eves and you're listening to This Day in History Class, 85 00:04:51,600 --> 00:04:54,640 Speaker 1: a show that uncovers history one day at a time. 86 00:04:59,400 --> 00:05:07,000 Speaker 1: M the day with October nineteen sixty six, The supremes 87 00:05:07,120 --> 00:05:10,680 Speaker 1: ninth album, The Supremes Agogo, reached number one on the 88 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:14,920 Speaker 1: Billboard Top two hundred. That made the Supremes the first 89 00:05:14,960 --> 00:05:18,000 Speaker 1: all women group to top the US Billboard two hundred, 90 00:05:18,240 --> 00:05:21,360 Speaker 1: a chart ranking the most popular music albums in the States. 91 00:05:22,440 --> 00:05:25,599 Speaker 1: The Supremes signed to Motown Records in nineteen sixty one, 92 00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:30,360 Speaker 1: and they were the label's most commercially successful act. They 93 00:05:30,400 --> 00:05:34,000 Speaker 1: were styled in fancy gowns, wigs, and makeup, and performed 94 00:05:34,200 --> 00:05:39,520 Speaker 1: simple but graceful choreography. Motown executive Berry Gordy capitalized on 95 00:05:39,560 --> 00:05:43,679 Speaker 1: the group's crossover appeal. Many black rock and roll acts 96 00:05:43,760 --> 00:05:47,720 Speaker 1: faced difficulty in gaining popularity with white audiences, and white 97 00:05:47,800 --> 00:05:51,159 Speaker 1: musicians who covered their songs would get more attention for 98 00:05:51,160 --> 00:05:55,560 Speaker 1: the music than the original performers. But the Supremes were 99 00:05:55,640 --> 00:05:59,039 Speaker 1: popular with white audiences and topped the pop charts frequently 100 00:05:59,520 --> 00:06:02,520 Speaker 1: thanks to their pop appeal and the way they incorporated 101 00:06:02,600 --> 00:06:04,760 Speaker 1: rock and roll and R and B into their music. 102 00:06:05,960 --> 00:06:09,719 Speaker 1: They made it onto several talk shows, idealizing Berry Gordon's 103 00:06:09,800 --> 00:06:13,600 Speaker 1: vision of a respectable, versatile, and sophisticated black musical group. 104 00:06:14,720 --> 00:06:18,039 Speaker 1: Backed by the songwriting and production of Brian Holland, LaMotte 105 00:06:18,040 --> 00:06:23,320 Speaker 1: Dogier and Eddie Holland, the Supremes achieved pop fame. They 106 00:06:23,360 --> 00:06:25,880 Speaker 1: made the top spot on the Billboard Hot one hundred 107 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:29,440 Speaker 1: twelve times, and in nineteen sixty four and nineteen sixty 108 00:06:29,520 --> 00:06:34,760 Speaker 1: five they had five consecutive number one pop hits. Songs 109 00:06:34,880 --> 00:06:38,039 Speaker 1: like Where Did Our Love Go, Baby Love Come, See 110 00:06:38,080 --> 00:06:41,520 Speaker 1: About Me, and Stop in the Name of Love made 111 00:06:41,520 --> 00:06:45,320 Speaker 1: it to the top position, but their first eight albums 112 00:06:45,520 --> 00:06:48,039 Speaker 1: never made it to the top of the Billboard two hundred, 113 00:06:48,400 --> 00:06:52,680 Speaker 1: even though they sold pretty well. But on October twenty two, 114 00:06:52,920 --> 00:06:56,839 Speaker 1: nineteen sixty six, the Supremes Ago Goo dethroned the Beatles 115 00:06:56,880 --> 00:07:02,160 Speaker 1: album Revolver. Diana Ross, Lawrence Ballard, and Mary Wilson made 116 00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:04,640 Speaker 1: up the group at this point, after they had gone 117 00:07:04,640 --> 00:07:08,080 Speaker 1: through a couple of lineup changes over the years. The 118 00:07:08,120 --> 00:07:11,480 Speaker 1: Supremes Agogo remained on the Billboard two hundred album chart 119 00:07:11,560 --> 00:07:15,200 Speaker 1: for sixty weeks. The album included the hits love, It's 120 00:07:15,240 --> 00:07:18,520 Speaker 1: Like an Itching in My Heart and you Can't Hurry Love. 121 00:07:19,680 --> 00:07:22,840 Speaker 1: It went on to sell three point five million copies worldwide. 122 00:07:23,840 --> 00:07:26,600 Speaker 1: The Supremes were the only female group to reach number 123 00:07:26,640 --> 00:07:30,040 Speaker 1: one on the album chart until March of when the 124 00:07:30,040 --> 00:07:32,440 Speaker 1: Go Goes album Beauty and the Beat made it to 125 00:07:32,440 --> 00:07:36,480 Speaker 1: the top. Though the Supremes were Motown's flagship act, the 126 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:38,960 Speaker 1: members of the group faced a lot of personal and 127 00:07:39,000 --> 00:07:44,320 Speaker 1: professional difficulties. Ballard left the group and producers Holland Dozer 128 00:07:44,400 --> 00:07:49,160 Speaker 1: Holland walked away from Motown. Lead singer Diana Ross left 129 00:07:49,200 --> 00:07:52,360 Speaker 1: the group to go solo, and the cultural climate and 130 00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:55,840 Speaker 1: shifts in the industry led to declining music sales for 131 00:07:55,880 --> 00:07:59,320 Speaker 1: the Supremes. The lineup of the group went through more 132 00:07:59,440 --> 00:08:04,640 Speaker 1: changes until the Supremes disbanded in ninety seven. I'm Eves, 133 00:08:04,680 --> 00:08:07,040 Speaker 1: Jeff Kote, and hopefully you know a little more about 134 00:08:07,080 --> 00:08:10,880 Speaker 1: history today than you did yesterday. If you'd like to 135 00:08:10,920 --> 00:08:13,840 Speaker 1: follow us on social media, you can do so at 136 00:08:14,040 --> 00:08:20,160 Speaker 1: T D I h C Podcast on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook, 137 00:08:21,480 --> 00:08:23,920 Speaker 1: or if you would prefer to email us, you can 138 00:08:23,960 --> 00:08:26,920 Speaker 1: send us a message at this Day at I heart 139 00:08:27,080 --> 00:08:31,600 Speaker 1: media dot com. Thanks for listening, and I hope you'll 140 00:08:31,600 --> 00:08:46,320 Speaker 1: be back tomorrow. For more podcasts from I heart Radio, 141 00:08:46,480 --> 00:08:49,080 Speaker 1: visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 142 00:08:49,120 --> 00:08:50,240 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows.