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Speaker 1: Hello, delicious friends, and welcome to Who Did What Now?

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Speaker 1: The history podcast That's not Your History class with me,

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Speaker 1: your host Katie Charlwood, History Harlotte and reader of books.

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Speaker 1: So people are trying to source something called throat coat

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Speaker 1: for me, apparently to think that actors use to protect

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Speaker 1: their voice and their vocal cords and shit, because all

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Speaker 1: of the scream whispering I have been doing for this

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Speaker 1: concentration camp series, which if you haven't seen it on

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Speaker 1: social media, I am teaching about concentration camps and the

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Speaker 1: concentration camp network currently specifically you know Nazi Jermy and

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Speaker 1: the Holocaust, but that will expand because nothing exists in

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Speaker 1: a vacuum. Like one of the things I've found really

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Speaker 1: challenging is because I've studied this, like I studied this

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Speaker 1: for seven years, right, and even I like, forget how

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Speaker 1: absolutely gergantuum this topic is. And I'm trying to explain

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Speaker 1: that just the whole lifespan of the concentration camp system.

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Speaker 1: But again, that doesn't exist again in a vacuum, because

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Speaker 1: this is also part of it's also part of like

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Speaker 1: the Holocaust not to Germany and all the different parts

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Speaker 1: that spread to it, and so one thing led to

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Speaker 1: the other, and why this system happened, and why these

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Speaker 1: camps were here and then they weren't, and you know

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Speaker 1: how they each had a different purpose and sometimes those overlapped,

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Speaker 1: and sometimes it's like a whole it's a whole thing, right,

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Speaker 1: And so a lot of misinformation has come out about

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Speaker 1: the Holocaust, not only Holocaust deniers, but even like basic

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Speaker 1: like ground facts of the whole thing have have been misrepresented,

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Speaker 1: some intentionally some I think it's like a game of telephone,

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Speaker 1: or you hear one thing, and you hear one thing,

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Speaker 1: and then it just kind of changes as the story

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Speaker 1: grows and lives because if we're not taught I think

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Speaker 1: in the Western world specifically about oral history, we're not

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Speaker 1: trained in it, and we're so focused on it having

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Speaker 1: been written down in a book. But books have editors,

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Speaker 1: and again, again, it's just a whole big mess. So

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Speaker 1: I've been doing this and it's it's so big, and

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Speaker 1: then I have questions that people will ask, and then

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Speaker 1: I'm trying to like fill out, you know, these these facts,

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Speaker 1: and a lot of the time I'm starting a video

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Speaker 1: and I'm repeating myself with certain facts because even if

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Speaker 1: I explain that it is a series. Some people are

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Speaker 1: not getting that and they're like, well what about this,

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Speaker 1: and it's like that that was three videos ago, mate,

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Speaker 1: I don't it's a series. So it's all going to

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Speaker 1: go in a collection on my Patreon anyway for free

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Speaker 1: ampaid members, because if I'm putting it free on social media,

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Speaker 1: it's going to be free on the Patreon, but you're

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Speaker 1: gonna have to be a member to see it, because

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Speaker 1: why not? And so like whils would you read? Whiles?

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Speaker 1: Would you read that intent in watching it? You know

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Speaker 1: what I mean. So I'm going to try and get

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Speaker 1: the whole series on there, which I'm sort of working

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Speaker 1: as I'm going along, like I've half a mind, like

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Speaker 1: I know my old history teacher, like were tired, and

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Speaker 1: half of mine to be like Jurre Jerry, you've got

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Speaker 1: Spider Grabb can use it's like an appointer because I've

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Speaker 1: got my lab coat. I've still got my lab coat,

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Speaker 1: so like I could I could use that. That's a

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Speaker 1: long story, by the way, that one. But yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: been it's been a whole whole stressful situation. So I've

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Speaker 1: had to take time off from recording because I messed

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Speaker 1: my voice up so much and added to that, like

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Speaker 1: I've it's it's not great subject matter. And when you

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Speaker 1: have anxiety and the present states, it can be quite

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Speaker 1: difficult from my wee adhd brain. And so I've ended

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Speaker 1: up cleaning my house, which is something I needed to

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Speaker 1: do anyway, but I think it's slowly making me less overwhelmed,

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Speaker 1: which has actually been inspired by a video I saw

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Speaker 1: of a friend mutual quinta one of the above, and

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Speaker 1: they were saying how with their anxiety they had just

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Speaker 1: let everything pile up, you know, n opened mail, the

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Speaker 1: whole shabang dishes and the sink, and I was like, oh, man,

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Speaker 1: I should clean things, and so that's what I did.

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Speaker 1: And do I have a problem that a lot of

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Speaker 1: other avid readers have, which is I know a lot

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Speaker 1: of words. I just don't necessarily know how to pronounce

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Speaker 1: those words, because in fairness, the English language itself is

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Speaker 1: for languages and a trench coate so and the language

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Speaker 1: rules won't always apply. But also I don't speak Polish

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Speaker 1: or German or Hungarian or check and so or No

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Speaker 1: Austrians speak German anyway, but I don't speak any of

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Speaker 1: those languages, right, don't I? Don't know them, and so

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Speaker 1: I struggle with saying certain words because I don't know

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Speaker 1: the language rules, and so I was mispronouncing words all

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Speaker 1: over the shop and like somebody would correct me and

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Speaker 1: I do it right for the next time. I was

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Speaker 1: talking about it in a video. But then I get

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Speaker 1: a message from someone and she's like, hey, Polish is

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Speaker 1: my first language, so you want a hand and I

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Speaker 1: was like, yes, absolutely, idea that way if I get

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Speaker 1: it wrong, I can blame you. And she was like

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Speaker 1: super And so she was teaching me how to pronounce

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Speaker 1: like mydonic because it's the inflection is in the middle

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Speaker 1: of the world, my danik and I was calling it majdanek,

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Speaker 1: so my dnik helman no beljits plats of like those

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Speaker 1: those names that I just I was not getting because

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Speaker 1: they're Polish. And again I don't speak I don't speak

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Speaker 1: any of the Baltic languages I think, and so yeah,

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Speaker 1: that was that was that that was that was difficult,

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Speaker 1: and my mouth. I found it really hard to get

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Speaker 1: my mouth around a lot of those words. So like

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Speaker 1: I'm trying really hard to make sure I am like

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Speaker 1: pronouncing things correctly, and I'm like, I'm not even halfway

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Speaker 1: through this whole series, and I don't know, h it

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Speaker 1: meane to be like the never ending fucking story at

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Speaker 1: this point. Just take me through the swamp marshes at

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Speaker 1: this point. But it's one of those things where it's

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Speaker 1: like it's really really important, it's really really important, and

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Speaker 1: there's a lot of information that people don't know, a

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Speaker 1: lot of basics, and I feel like a lot of

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Speaker 1: the time I'm just covering the basics and I'm thinking

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Speaker 1: I might have to just do a few like Bitty.

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Speaker 1: So it's even it is part of it, just because

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Speaker 1: like at this point, I don't know how else I'm

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Speaker 1: going to cover everything, you know, but we are, Oh,

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Speaker 1: we are quite a bit. And I've been talking a

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Speaker 1: good while, so you're probably ready to hear about some histories.

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Speaker 1: So I know what you're thinking. You're thinking, Katie, quite

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Speaker 1: your jibbel jabba, in fact me, In fact you I will.

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Speaker 1: But first we've got to get our source on. Our

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Speaker 1: sources are Murder, The Sleepy Lagoon, Zuch Suits, Race and

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Speaker 1: Riot and Wartimeli by Obregon Pegian. Remember how I said

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Speaker 1: about pronunciation being a hard I also do not speak Spanish. Okay,

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Speaker 1: we have the zoot suit as both costume and symbol

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Speaker 1: by Sarah Elizabeth Howard. The Legacy of the Sleepy lar

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Speaker 1: Gun Murder Case. The role of the Mexican American community

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Speaker 1: in the making of modern Los Angeles by G. Gonzalez,

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Speaker 1: Occupied America, A History of Chicanos by are Acuna. The

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Speaker 1: Mexican American Struggle for civil rights in Los Angeles. The

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Speaker 1: Sleepy Largoon Case He Visited by C. E. Noriega. Threads

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Speaker 1: of the Zsuit Riots by Antonio Franco. We also have

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Speaker 1: articles from the La Times, The New York Times, the

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Speaker 1: La Sentinel, and also our old favorites, History dot com

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Speaker 1: and biogivy dot com. I use it in comfortably good

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Speaker 1: little Let's begin. This is one of the stories I

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Speaker 1: wanted to talk about for such a long time because

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Speaker 1: there's so much to unpack, right, There's there's all these

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Speaker 1: different pieces to it, and it is so often misrepresented

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Speaker 1: because it's called the Zoutzit riots, right, But it wasn't

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Speaker 1: a riot like. That's a misnomer. It wasn't a riot like.

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Speaker 1: It's just the facts being pushed a certain way through bias.

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Speaker 1: And you see that with a lot of the newest

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Speaker 1: headlines that come out about this at the time, like

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Speaker 1: propaganda in the media. What anyway, as I said before,

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Speaker 1: like history does not exist in a vacuum, so we

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Speaker 1: have to, as we have done before, slip into some context,

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Speaker 1: because there are three parts to this. You've got the

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Speaker 1: build up, you've got the catalyst, and you've got the violence.

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Speaker 1: And we have talked before about England colonizing half the world,

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Speaker 1: but all the European powers were at it, so like France, Spain,

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Speaker 1: the Dutch, like all over the place and fun of

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Speaker 1: the act. I looked this up today, seven point five

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Speaker 1: percent of the world speak Spanish, which is interesting when

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Speaker 1: you consider that they are, as of the time of recording,

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Speaker 1: one hundred and ninety six recognized countries, so logically they

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Speaker 1: should all have their own language. I mean even as

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Speaker 1: well when you think that I've said it before, like

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Speaker 1: the concept of a country is actually a fairly a

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Speaker 1: fairly new one because we had like different states and principalities,

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Speaker 1: and if we went from you followed your like feudal lord,

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Speaker 1: like your leader, you're king, and then it wasn't so

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Speaker 1: much geographicals was political, which you could argue is still

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Speaker 1: the way today. But it's again a lot. There's a

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Speaker 1: lot to deal with there and so oh and if

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Speaker 1: you're asking about twenty percent of the world speaks English

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Speaker 1: because population and colonizing, but that also includes people who

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Speaker 1: speak it as a second, third, fourth, fifth language, unlike

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Speaker 1: most of us native English speakers, who can only speak one,

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Speaker 1: I speak one, two. Well, it depends if you include

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Speaker 1: all the halfs of languages I speak where I'm like,

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Speaker 1: I'm good to a point and then afterwards I'm absolute rubbish.

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Speaker 1: So Spain started colonizing what we know as California in

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Speaker 1: the late seventeenth century, and it was still under Spanish

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Speaker 1: rule until the end of the Mexican War of Independence

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Speaker 1: in eighteen twenty one, and then it was under their

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Speaker 1: power until the end of the Mexican American War in

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Speaker 1: eighteen forty eight, when Mexico seeded huge tracts of land

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Speaker 1: in the southwest to the USA areas that would become Nevada, Utah, California,

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Speaker 1: most of Arizona, and some of Colorado, Wyoming, and New Mexico.

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Speaker 1: New Mexico was part of Mexico. You say shocked, I'm

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Speaker 1: simply shocked. Yeah, yeah, yeah, I'm sure the Texans came

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Speaker 1: up with the name Albuquerque, Oh by Thomseelvesia anywhore. On

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Speaker 1: the ninth of September eighteen fifty, California became the thirty

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Speaker 1: first state. And up until like the nineteen tens, the

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Speaker 1: border between the USA and Mexico was fairly soft, and

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Speaker 1: over the years there would be sort of like waves

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Speaker 1: of immigration from Mexico into the US, and so by

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Speaker 1: the nineteen forties, the Mexican community in the southwest US

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Speaker 1: comprised of immigrants but also people of Mexican hermitage whose

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Speaker 1: family had lived there since before California was even a state.

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Speaker 1: That's just a fact that I felt was worth mentioning

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Speaker 1: for absolutely no reason in this specific episode about American history,

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Speaker 1: which I decided we were going to do this July.

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Speaker 1: For absolutely no reason whatsoever. These groups faced racial segregation,

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Speaker 1: economic exploitation to education, and barriers to employment. Poverty was

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Speaker 1: perpetuated with urban planning policies like redlining. So redlining was

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Speaker 1: like a way of classifying neighborhoods for loans and the like.

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Speaker 1: So it was sort of by financial institutions to be like, oh,

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Speaker 1: this area would be read if it had a medium

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Speaker 1: to large population of minority residents and as such was

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Speaker 1: deemed too risky to loan to those in those addresses.

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Speaker 1: This is like from the nineteen thirties, which this reminds

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Speaker 1: me of like sociology class, Like we have this whole

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Speaker 1: thing about implicit bias, because the first thing they teach

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Speaker 1: you when you go to any like social science whatsoever,

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Speaker 1: is they teach you about bias. How we'll have implicit bias.

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Speaker 1: It's like native to us, and we just as a

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Speaker 1: result of like primary and secondary socialization. At that point,

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Speaker 1: we have to like effectively like it's kind of decolonizing

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Speaker 1: the mind, Like you have to remove yourself and become

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Speaker 1: very aware of why you have that mindset, like why

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Speaker 1: is this your belief system? Why is this you know?

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Speaker 1: Why would you see this area as being a bad area?

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Speaker 1: And I remember my sociology lecture. I remember, I mean

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Speaker 1: apart from him absolutely despising Joss Whedon before it was cool,

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Speaker 1: like he would argue with me about Buffy and all

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Speaker 1: the points he made were actually really valid. But I

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Speaker 1: didn't like him in Selfie my comfort Show, so I

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Speaker 1: had issues. But yes, I still love Buffy as a concept,

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Speaker 1: and I love Sara Michelle Geller and Alison Hadigan and

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Speaker 1: but not not Xander Xander Xander can go jump. But anyway,

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Speaker 1: Josh Wade's self insert character. So my sociology lecturer, he

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Speaker 1: was telling us, I remember for a long time, like

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Speaker 1: when it comes to you know your CV, don't put

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Speaker 1: your age, don't put your address on it, because those

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Speaker 1: two things can lead to bias because they might think

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Speaker 1: either you're too old you or too young, or your

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Speaker 1: address could show that you would be in a like,

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Speaker 1: not good neighborhood, and therefore the assumption would be that

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Speaker 1: you would not be a decent candidate because you came

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Speaker 1: from that area. And so that was something that was

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Speaker 1: brought up like still still in the in the two tents.

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Speaker 1: So this whole redlining situation, this force stagnation in those communities,

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Speaker 1: contributing to wealthy quality segregation, et cetera, because red lightning

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Speaker 1: is financial discrimination based on the perception of your address.

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Speaker 1: Needless to say, these policies systematically segregated these neighborhoods called barrios,

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Speaker 1: which I think is like Spanish for like neighborhood or

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Speaker 1: like town or something. I am fairly certain it is

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Speaker 1: one of those. So they were neglected by city authorities

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Speaker 1: with inadequate infrastructure, lack of services, and shockingly substandard housing.

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Speaker 1: And then we have the schools. The schools that Mexican

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Speaker 1: Americans went to were segregated and they were often overcrowded

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Speaker 1: and underfunded, which just feeds back into that poverty cycle.

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Speaker 1: And the housing was much better. Between discriminatory housing policies

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Speaker 1: and body landlords slash real estate agents, they made it difficult,

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Speaker 1: if not impossible, for Mexican Americans to buy or rent

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Speaker 1: homes in more attractive areas and so like, areas like

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Speaker 1: the Chavez Ravine were predominantly Mexican since the eighteen hundreds.

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Speaker 1: And because of the area, it's a ravine, you know

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Speaker 1: what I mean. So it was actually a lot of

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Speaker 1: the places, a lot of it was still quite rural

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Speaker 1: actually like it was, it wasn't like as built up

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Speaker 1: as that area would be, like where Legian Park isn't now.

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Speaker 1: So you're going to be shocked at this surprise, surprise.

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Speaker 1: Police brutality, racial profiling, and legal discrimination. What I know,

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Speaker 1: thanks to institutionalized racism, they face significantly higher arrest rates

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Speaker 1: the aforementioned police brutality and incarceration than you know, the

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Speaker 1: Anglos would. Basically they were more likely to get harsher

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Speaker 1: punishments for doing less and because the police were targeting

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Speaker 1: Mexican American neighborhoods aggressively, I might add this led to

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Speaker 1: higher rates of harassment of the community and higher arrest rates.

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Speaker 1: If you were focusing on arresting in a minority area,

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Speaker 1: the amount of arrests you were going to have are

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Speaker 1: going to be of minorities like this, Why is the

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Speaker 1: why is the restpants? So? Why where all your cops

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Speaker 1: are there in this area? Are they? Oh? Right? Oh?

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Speaker 1: Why do I keep catching fresh water salmon? I don't know.

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Speaker 1: Because you're in the fucking river, mate. That's why if

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Speaker 1: you want to catch a sea bass, go to the

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Speaker 1: fucking sea, like, oh, because there's more of this here.

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Speaker 1: That's why you're more likely to come across it. Like. So,

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Speaker 1: this was instrumental in shaping the perception of young Mexican

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Speaker 1: people as delinquents, and not just young Mexican people. Right.

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Speaker 1: You also had like the whole Hispanic andlity no communities

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Speaker 1: of the LATINX communities. And I know they are not

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Speaker 1: the same thing, they are sometimes the same. And by

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Speaker 1: that I mean they are in both communities, Like you

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Speaker 1: can be Hispanic and LATINX because you can be a

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Speaker 1: Spanish speaker from Latin America because ha colonization and into

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Speaker 1: your marriage and all of this stuff. So like, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you can be you can be both. And so employment

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Speaker 1: opportunities weren't much better with you've got hard labor, you've

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Speaker 1: got low wages, and you've got limited job options and

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Speaker 1: moving your way up wasn't necessarily always the case, and

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Speaker 1: you would typically earn less than your Anglo counterpart. Right,

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Speaker 1: And there's a whole there's a whole sort of bit

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Speaker 1: of co Many village which I will tell you about sometime,

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Speaker 1: which I haven't talked about because it makes me cry.

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Speaker 1: And so you've got all of these factors contributing to tensions,

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Speaker 1: you know, building up like steam building up in a

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Speaker 1: boiling pop, right, and it comes to a point where

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Speaker 1: the pressure builds up and it's going to need to

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Speaker 1: be released, like it's going to explode because it's just

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Speaker 1: building up. And you've got all of these You've got buying,

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Speaker 1: you've got inherent bias, like and you've got this whole

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Speaker 1: in group outgroup situation where the social, cultural, ethnic group

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Speaker 1: that you belong to. The technical term I hate is

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Speaker 1: called tribalism, and we haven't got a word to replace

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Speaker 1: that yet, but I think we need to figure it

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Speaker 1: the fuck out because group isn't good enough. Somebody was

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Speaker 1: like group and it's like, eh, that's just that's just

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Speaker 1: a thing. We need a specific word to replace it.

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Speaker 1: That isn't so fucking colonial. So basically in your own

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Speaker 1: group that you exist, your social group again, ethnic culture, nationality,

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Speaker 1: however you want to put it, each of those subcultures

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Speaker 1: that you're in. You want to look good in that,

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Speaker 1: and that also means putting others down, like that's that's

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Speaker 1: something that happens. It's not great, but that is like

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Speaker 1: part of it. And you see this a lot when

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Speaker 1: it comes to race tensions, especially especially by colonizing nations.

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Speaker 1: And so when you have this cognitive bias from racial

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Speaker 1: tension and this resentment, it is easy for rumors to spread.

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Speaker 1: Enter zoot suits. These were a style that emerged in

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Speaker 1: like the nineteen thirties when swing dancing exploded onto the scene,

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Speaker 1: and the suits lent themselves to like movement and dance

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Speaker 1: halls with a place to be like all dressed up

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Speaker 1: handbags and glad rags and all like they were doing.

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Speaker 1: I want to say, jive dancing. I don't know any

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Speaker 1: of the dancers. Like I'll watch like strictly Come dancing.

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Speaker 1: I'd be like, ah, what a lovely fox. Drop. Don't

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Speaker 1: know what any of it means other than don't have

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Speaker 1: spaghetti arms, right, and I have no physical capabilities. I

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Speaker 1: do not have rhythm or skill. I'm kind of I

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Speaker 1: take intelligence was the one that missed me and also

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Speaker 1: with my back and everything. But I love I'm obsessed

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Speaker 1: with the Charleston. I love the Charleston. I've seen so

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Speaker 1: many variations of it and in my little fantasy land

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Speaker 1: where if I ever got married, which seriously, I need

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Speaker 1: to get married before my legs stop working. That's all

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Speaker 1: I'm saying, Like, that's that's the aim, because I may

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Speaker 1: not have a lot of like skill, but I can

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Speaker 1: aggressively like train myself to learn how to do the routine.

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Speaker 1: Like I don't need to be good at it, right,

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Speaker 1: I just need to not fall when I'm doing it.

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Speaker 1: And you need a partner because it's a two person dance, right.

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Speaker 1: I would love to learn the Charleston and my goal

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Speaker 1: and my little magic fantasy land is if I ever

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Speaker 1: got married, which if anyone does want to marry me,

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Speaker 1: it's probably gonna be for a green card. I'm closer

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Speaker 1: now technically like to becoming a nun than I am

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Speaker 1: to becoming married. Like that's not in a religious way,

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Speaker 1: but like just is a life situation. And it's like

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Speaker 1: I'd love to learn the Charleston and then that will

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Speaker 1: be the wedding dance and be like, what the fuck

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Speaker 1: she's doing the Charleston. I'd be like, yeah, bitch is

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Speaker 1: look at be Gal. That'd be crazy. I got them

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Speaker 1: jazz hands and so the whole thing. Yeah, I have

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Speaker 1: access because I'm a Joel So it was in of

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Speaker 1: the UK and Ireland to both Europe and the UK.

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Speaker 1: So I'm quite attractive as a green curved braid. Anyone

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Speaker 1: need to escape, So yeah, there's there's that. So back

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Speaker 1: back to this and Harlem, the ZiT suit really took flight.

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Speaker 1: So you'd like, you've got the Harlem Renaissance and you've

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Speaker 1: just got oh, just this expression of style and it's

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Speaker 1: inspired by African American comedy jewel shows from the nineteen twenties,

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Speaker 1: oversized suits were all the rage amongst the fashion conscious

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Speaker 1: baggy trousers with tapered cuffs to prevent tripping, because again,

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Speaker 1: how are you supposed to bust them If you're gonna

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Speaker 1: trip over your trousers, tapey your cuffs. So the jackets

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Speaker 1: had wide lapels and pronounced shoulder pads, so they were

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Speaker 1: just like big right, which is also why I think.

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Speaker 1: One of the things that inspired me to do this

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Speaker 1: right now was watching Hamilton, so that the tenure anniversary

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Speaker 1: of the Hamilton performance at the Tony's, it was the

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Speaker 1: Tonies and and Aaron Barr sir. I can't help but

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Speaker 1: I just think Aaron bar should always have done in

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Speaker 1: like a Scottish accent, Matt avan Burr, sir, like he

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Speaker 1: so Aaron Barr he is he's wearing I'm convinced is

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Speaker 1: a soup, but just in black, because like you've got

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Speaker 1: divving Digs, who's dressed like a black panther. Because I

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Speaker 1: was watching on a phone screen, so the first thing

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Speaker 1: I noticed is that brat, and then I noticed the glove.

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Speaker 1: And I have so many opinions about everything that happened

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Speaker 1: on that was very very importantly set up, like they

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00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:03,119
Speaker 1: were very specific. They did not fuck around right, So

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Speaker 1: Aaron Barr, he's wearing the ZiT suit, Like what I

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Speaker 1: believe to be is a z its it. I'm thoroughly convinced.

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Speaker 1: And so I'm just obsessed with, like I'm upset on

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Speaker 1: the staging of it. And whenever I'm sad, actually, when

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Speaker 1: i'm feeling low, I will just watch the hamilten performance

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Speaker 1: because it's just so good. It's so good, and so

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Speaker 1: I'll watch it and I'll bring me joy. And I've

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Speaker 1: actually started watching like clips of Debi digs where he

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Speaker 1: started doing like seventy five words in a minute, and

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Speaker 1: because he's very specific about diction and denunciation. And what

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Speaker 1: I've noticed is ever since the issue with my mouth

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Speaker 1: when I was really really sick, like a year and

388
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Speaker 1: a half ago, when I had to go like the

389
00:24:49,680 --> 00:24:52,879
Speaker 1: whole story, it's long and boring, but if you've followed

390
00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:54,359
Speaker 1: me for a while, you know I was really unwell

391
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Speaker 1: for a long time, and so I was I was

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Speaker 1: dealing with that, and I've noticed that my enunciation and

393
00:25:02,520 --> 00:25:06,080
Speaker 1: the way that I use my mouth isn't quite the same,

394
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Speaker 1: and I thought, oh, I want to try and get

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Speaker 1: back on this. So that's a sidebar for you. So

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Speaker 1: Hamilton brings me joy and David Diggs, who I love

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Speaker 1: so much. So zoot suits. They are made lots of fabric,

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00:25:21,440 --> 00:25:24,600
Speaker 1: They've got wide lapels. You had like the gold watches,

399
00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:27,320
Speaker 1: the pocket watches hanging from them, and these were often

400
00:25:27,400 --> 00:25:33,320
Speaker 1: paired with fedoras or pork pie hats. I actually was

401
00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:36,600
Speaker 1: very confused because I what I thought was a pork

402
00:25:36,680 --> 00:25:40,800
Speaker 1: pie hat in my brain is like a lady's little

403
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Speaker 1: just round hat. But that's not what a pork pie

404
00:25:44,200 --> 00:25:47,800
Speaker 1: hat is. It's different here and so and so that

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00:25:47,960 --> 00:25:49,600
Speaker 1: was an interesting one for me, Like that was a

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Speaker 1: cultural difference. So I don't think about hats as well.

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Speaker 1: It used to be a social norm for men to

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Speaker 1: wear hats, and I don't know why hats when I style.

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Speaker 1: But like it's a shame that we can't just have

410
00:26:03,760 --> 00:26:07,359
Speaker 1: less clothes, says me with my ever expanding wardrobe. But

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00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:09,520
Speaker 1: it's a shame we can't have like less clothes and

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00:26:09,600 --> 00:26:15,320
Speaker 1: more hats, you know, bring back hats. So for me,

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Speaker 1: like the whole vibe, it's very much like dandyism was

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Speaker 1: in the eighteenth century to well, actually black dandyism today

415
00:26:24,960 --> 00:26:29,439
Speaker 1: like which is a very vibrant, very it's so beautiful, right.

416
00:26:29,560 --> 00:26:34,000
Speaker 1: I love that like joy and esthetic because it's not

417
00:26:34,440 --> 00:26:37,960
Speaker 1: just a style, it's a vibe, but it is actually

418
00:26:37,960 --> 00:26:39,840
Speaker 1: a vibe though like it is, it is a vibe.

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00:26:40,359 --> 00:26:44,720
Speaker 1: It's it's these events they would host and they would

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00:26:44,760 --> 00:26:49,639
Speaker 1: just be unapologetically themselves. And it's wonderful to see because

421
00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:54,240
Speaker 1: it's kind of like a response to what is seen

422
00:26:54,359 --> 00:26:59,359
Speaker 1: as traditional masculinity, which isn't even that traditional, like in

423
00:26:59,440 --> 00:27:02,800
Speaker 1: the grand ski of things, it's not. It's a manufactured

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00:27:02,840 --> 00:27:08,480
Speaker 1: concept of masculinity in order to perpetuate the patriarchy and

425
00:27:08,840 --> 00:27:10,680
Speaker 1: the misogyny that we are forced to live in because

426
00:27:10,680 --> 00:27:14,960
Speaker 1: everyone is a victim of the patriarchy, because men and

427
00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:19,720
Speaker 1: women and everyone in between are out with even are

428
00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:23,520
Speaker 1: affected by it. And if you don't fall within this

429
00:27:23,680 --> 00:27:29,399
Speaker 1: masculine norm, which is like what Johnny Bravo, Johnny Bravo

430
00:27:29,440 --> 00:27:32,399
Speaker 1: obsessively combed his hair like he was into grooming. He

431
00:27:32,480 --> 00:27:35,040
Speaker 1: was very clean, but he was also a big, chunky

432
00:27:35,119 --> 00:27:38,080
Speaker 1: himbal man, you know, but he would be seen as

433
00:27:38,119 --> 00:27:46,000
Speaker 1: quite masculine. And it's this fucking Andrew Tait who just

434
00:27:46,160 --> 00:27:50,840
Speaker 1: looks like if somebody skinned a more rat and then

435
00:27:51,320 --> 00:27:55,240
Speaker 1: gave it a podcast like I just cannot. I cannot.

436
00:27:55,320 --> 00:27:59,240
Speaker 1: It's like that is just an oxygen thief of a human.

437
00:28:01,400 --> 00:28:06,840
Speaker 1: But anyway, like the Congo subculture and things like that,

438
00:28:07,119 --> 00:28:10,800
Speaker 1: it's just very a beautiful celebration of what I would

439
00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:15,440
Speaker 1: call masculinity. You know. Zootsuits were a form of expression,

440
00:28:16,200 --> 00:28:18,800
Speaker 1: and they were worn by like the big jazz players

441
00:28:19,000 --> 00:28:24,560
Speaker 1: like Cab Calloway. I love Cab Callaway. The zootsuits were

442
00:28:24,640 --> 00:28:27,640
Speaker 1: like a response to the bleakness of the Great Depression

443
00:28:27,880 --> 00:28:32,000
Speaker 1: in the nineteen thirties, and so African Americans they start

444
00:28:32,400 --> 00:28:35,760
Speaker 1: the zutsuit trend, and this like swells over into other

445
00:28:35,920 --> 00:28:41,880
Speaker 1: marginalized communities and ethnic groups. So you have like Italian, Filipino, Japanese,

446
00:28:42,000 --> 00:28:46,920
Speaker 1: and of course Mexican Americans, Ok. And it was the

447
00:28:47,040 --> 00:28:50,240
Speaker 1: youths who really leaned into this style. Many from the

448
00:28:50,320 --> 00:28:53,720
Speaker 1: barrios had grown up children of two worlds, so you

449
00:28:53,840 --> 00:28:57,600
Speaker 1: had like the Mexican tradition of their parents and the

450
00:28:58,280 --> 00:29:02,440
Speaker 1: America that they were living in. You know, it was

451
00:29:02,720 --> 00:29:06,320
Speaker 1: surrounding them, and so they were kind of balancing between

452
00:29:06,360 --> 00:29:10,880
Speaker 1: and they were finding who they were. And I keep

453
00:29:10,920 --> 00:29:14,480
Speaker 1: saying youths because it wasn't really until the nineteen fifties

454
00:29:14,520 --> 00:29:18,040
Speaker 1: that we like properly labeled teenagers and we saw them

455
00:29:18,080 --> 00:29:21,479
Speaker 1: as their own group because you basically went from child

456
00:29:22,800 --> 00:29:27,040
Speaker 1: to adult. There was no midway. And now we've realized

457
00:29:27,080 --> 00:29:31,080
Speaker 1: that adolescence, that sort of teenage years, it's like an

458
00:29:31,080 --> 00:29:33,400
Speaker 1: important step, like right in the middle, because that's when

459
00:29:33,400 --> 00:29:37,760
Speaker 1: the hormones come in. Okay, that's when shit changes. And

460
00:29:37,920 --> 00:29:40,520
Speaker 1: with these youths, like most things that young people were,

461
00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:45,760
Speaker 1: they were put down by older generations and lad people,

462
00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:51,560
Speaker 1: the anglaws. But yeah, like older people especially seem to

463
00:29:51,600 --> 00:29:54,520
Speaker 1: have an issue when any trend becomes a thing, like

464
00:29:54,600 --> 00:30:02,040
Speaker 1: any subculture that exists, like you know, punk, goth emo, rockabilly, twee,

465
00:30:02,680 --> 00:30:08,640
Speaker 1: cottage core, grunge, dandyism, flapples the bright young things, and

466
00:30:09,520 --> 00:30:12,800
Speaker 1: any style which bucks the cultural norm is seen as

467
00:30:13,240 --> 00:30:16,479
Speaker 1: less than Like do you remember if there were hoodies?

468
00:30:16,880 --> 00:30:20,000
Speaker 1: So when I was in college, one of the times

469
00:30:20,640 --> 00:30:23,360
Speaker 1: there was this whole thing about hoodies and how if

470
00:30:23,400 --> 00:30:26,000
Speaker 1: someone wore a hoodie they were more likely to be

471
00:30:26,080 --> 00:30:29,840
Speaker 1: a criminal. It was associating criminality with an item of clothing,

472
00:30:30,640 --> 00:30:34,320
Speaker 1: and a lot of young people wore hoodies, like but

473
00:30:34,560 --> 00:30:40,760
Speaker 1: specifically a lot of black and ethnic minorities wore hoodies.

474
00:30:41,240 --> 00:30:44,240
Speaker 1: So like, especially in like Ireland and the UK, the

475
00:30:44,320 --> 00:30:48,360
Speaker 1: people that were wearing hoodies were people who were ethnic minorities.

476
00:30:48,840 --> 00:30:52,120
Speaker 1: It wasn't worn by like it's now a normal thing

477
00:30:52,160 --> 00:30:54,480
Speaker 1: and everybody wears them because it's like sports gear. But

478
00:30:54,640 --> 00:30:56,800
Speaker 1: like for a long time it was seen as like

479
00:30:56,920 --> 00:31:02,960
Speaker 1: the uniform of of like young thugs, you know, and

480
00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:08,360
Speaker 1: zoot suits were linked to rebellion and cultural identity, so

481
00:31:09,080 --> 00:31:11,800
Speaker 1: it was like as well, so what you've got is

482
00:31:11,800 --> 00:31:15,240
Speaker 1: you've got a minority group, yeah, which is like Mexican Americans,

483
00:31:15,720 --> 00:31:20,440
Speaker 1: and then within that you have another minority group. So

484
00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:23,719
Speaker 1: it's like a turtle on the back of another turtle.

485
00:31:25,520 --> 00:31:31,240
Speaker 1: It's like a subculture within this minority group. But that's

486
00:31:31,320 --> 00:31:35,200
Speaker 1: not what people complained about out loud. Oh no, no, no, no,

487
00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:38,920
Speaker 1: no no. The very real issue was using too much fabric.

488
00:31:40,240 --> 00:31:44,800
Speaker 1: Sure Jan the War Production Board tried to restrict the

489
00:31:44,880 --> 00:31:47,640
Speaker 1: selling of zut suits because they were worried about rationing

490
00:31:47,720 --> 00:31:53,160
Speaker 1: silk and will I'm sorry they were worried about will

491
00:31:54,320 --> 00:31:56,160
Speaker 1: did they think they were going to run out of sheep?

492
00:31:58,760 --> 00:32:01,800
Speaker 1: Here's the thing about rationing drew wartime like it was

493
00:32:01,880 --> 00:32:07,320
Speaker 1: a thing but not everything needed to be rationed, Like,

494
00:32:07,480 --> 00:32:10,520
Speaker 1: some of it was legit, but this is the propaganda

495
00:32:10,560 --> 00:32:13,400
Speaker 1: for you. Some of it was legit, but some of

496
00:32:13,480 --> 00:32:16,760
Speaker 1: it wasn't actually needed, but the government rationed it anyway

497
00:32:17,040 --> 00:32:20,360
Speaker 1: to present the need to ration in order to support

498
00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:23,840
Speaker 1: the war effort. So it was basically trying to force

499
00:32:23,880 --> 00:32:27,840
Speaker 1: everybody to conform in order to prove that they supported,

500
00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:30,280
Speaker 1: you know, the war effort and the troops and all

501
00:32:30,320 --> 00:32:35,240
Speaker 1: this stuff. And so the oversized zut suits were perceived

502
00:32:35,320 --> 00:32:40,800
Speaker 1: by affluent anglos as the attire of gang members, thugs

503
00:32:40,840 --> 00:32:44,840
Speaker 1: and juvenile delinquents. Oh no, the young people in their style,

504
00:32:44,920 --> 00:32:46,160
Speaker 1: what are we gonna do? What are we gonna do?

505
00:32:46,200 --> 00:32:50,240
Speaker 1: They're snapping their fingers ad met. So things are already tense,

506
00:32:51,360 --> 00:32:54,040
Speaker 1: but there's a war going on, and most of the

507
00:32:54,120 --> 00:32:59,400
Speaker 1: able bodied men are enlisting. To be fair, not just enlisting.

508
00:32:59,480 --> 00:33:02,760
Speaker 1: Many were, and because so many men were being pulled

509
00:33:02,800 --> 00:33:05,560
Speaker 1: into the military, able bodied men were being pulled into

510
00:33:05,560 --> 00:33:09,800
Speaker 1: the military, sectors of the population ended up in employment

511
00:33:09,840 --> 00:33:12,000
Speaker 1: that they would not have had access to it before.

512
00:33:12,960 --> 00:33:16,920
Speaker 1: For example, women, even though they had obviously opportunities in

513
00:33:16,960 --> 00:33:20,960
Speaker 1: the First World War, they were sort of pushed back

514
00:33:21,080 --> 00:33:25,479
Speaker 1: into like the homemaker role, and then when World War

515
00:33:25,560 --> 00:33:29,240
Speaker 1: Two came out, they got thrust back into industry again.

516
00:33:29,760 --> 00:33:32,560
Speaker 1: So they were working and like in areas that they

517
00:33:32,600 --> 00:33:35,840
Speaker 1: would not necessarily have had the opportunity to work in previously,

518
00:33:37,280 --> 00:33:40,560
Speaker 1: and so naturally there was a lack of workers. There

519
00:33:40,600 --> 00:33:43,360
Speaker 1: was a lack of workers needed in many, many sectors,

520
00:33:44,360 --> 00:33:47,880
Speaker 1: and so the US government initiated programs to recruit workers.

521
00:33:48,280 --> 00:33:54,760
Speaker 1: The government initiated programs to recruit workers because one of

522
00:33:54,840 --> 00:33:59,640
Speaker 1: the places that was really suffering was agriculture. The US

523
00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:03,360
Speaker 1: governed made a deal with Mexico to bring workers into

524
00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:08,359
Speaker 1: the US because they didn't have enough workers. They did

525
00:34:08,440 --> 00:34:13,040
Speaker 1: not have enough men to work in agriculture, to work

526
00:34:13,160 --> 00:34:16,719
Speaker 1: in the fields, to you know, to share the damn

527
00:34:16,760 --> 00:34:18,360
Speaker 1: sheep that you need the will for you know what

528
00:34:18,400 --> 00:34:21,680
Speaker 1: I mean, to grow, to harvest, to do all this

529
00:34:21,840 --> 00:34:27,040
Speaker 1: backbreaking work, to make hay and silage and feed for cattle,

530
00:34:27,200 --> 00:34:33,480
Speaker 1: and you know all this jazz. Right. Unsurprisingly, white people

531
00:34:34,160 --> 00:34:37,800
Speaker 1: weren't happy with this influx of Mexican workers, and of

532
00:34:37,880 --> 00:34:40,360
Speaker 1: course this did nothing to aise the racial tension and

533
00:34:40,440 --> 00:34:46,160
Speaker 1: animosity to combat this, like, because they were so mad

534
00:34:46,920 --> 00:34:52,239
Speaker 1: that these people were coming over to help. There was

535
00:34:52,360 --> 00:34:55,160
Speaker 1: a massive push to get white teenagers to work in

536
00:34:55,239 --> 00:35:00,239
Speaker 1: the fields, and there's this huge equipment drive to show

537
00:35:00,280 --> 00:35:04,439
Speaker 1: them Hispanics those baths, like they literally bust in white

538
00:35:04,440 --> 00:35:08,880
Speaker 1: teenagers from like all over. But here's the fun fact.

539
00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:14,000
Speaker 1: Not one of these boys lasted more than a day

540
00:35:14,040 --> 00:35:18,000
Speaker 1: and a half because of just how hard the labor was.

541
00:35:18,760 --> 00:35:20,600
Speaker 1: They thought they were going to have an easy ride.

542
00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:22,000
Speaker 1: They were gonna go out, they were gonna work in

543
00:35:22,040 --> 00:35:26,560
Speaker 1: a field. You know, Bob's your uncle, Fanish, your aunt.

544
00:35:27,160 --> 00:35:29,880
Speaker 1: But no, no, no, no, no, they could not handle it.

545
00:35:31,320 --> 00:35:34,400
Speaker 1: And so like there was no choice but to have

546
00:35:34,600 --> 00:35:38,120
Speaker 1: all of these agricultural workers brought it. And so you've

547
00:35:38,160 --> 00:35:41,440
Speaker 1: got this country which is basically at war like within

548
00:35:42,160 --> 00:35:46,279
Speaker 1: and out with itself. And it's like you've got these

549
00:35:47,000 --> 00:35:50,840
Speaker 1: non white communities who are already wrestling with inequality, segregation,

550
00:35:51,280 --> 00:35:57,520
Speaker 1: racial prejudice, and a perceived competition for jobs, like that's

551
00:35:57,560 --> 00:36:01,080
Speaker 1: already there. It's a fucking powder keg. And on top

552
00:36:01,120 --> 00:36:04,000
Speaker 1: of this, there was the belief that zoot suitors were

553
00:36:04,120 --> 00:36:07,960
Speaker 1: draft dodgers, which is wild when you think of just

554
00:36:08,040 --> 00:36:11,719
Speaker 1: how many Mexican Americans enlisted in the military, like a

555
00:36:11,880 --> 00:36:17,040
Speaker 1: disproportionate amount. Lest we forget one of the biggest like

556
00:36:18,000 --> 00:36:22,719
Speaker 1: reasons of equipment, like why people join the army is

557
00:36:22,800 --> 00:36:25,440
Speaker 1: because of the benefits you get, because of what you

558
00:36:25,520 --> 00:36:32,520
Speaker 1: get paid. You get dental like you. Poverty feeds the military, Okay,

559
00:36:33,040 --> 00:36:36,400
Speaker 1: that's that's what it does. So there are quite a

560
00:36:36,480 --> 00:36:41,560
Speaker 1: lot of like Hispanic men in the army, right, they're there.

561
00:36:41,760 --> 00:36:46,240
Speaker 1: They're fighting with you, you know. And most Zoo suitors

562
00:36:47,000 --> 00:36:51,200
Speaker 1: were not eligible to join because they were too young.

563
00:36:51,600 --> 00:36:54,640
Speaker 1: They were not old enough to enlist. They were not

564
00:36:54,840 --> 00:36:59,520
Speaker 1: old enough to be drafted. They're just young. Okay, they

565
00:36:59,600 --> 00:37:05,120
Speaker 1: couldn't join if they tried. You can't dodge the draft

566
00:37:05,680 --> 00:37:15,920
Speaker 1: if you were legally too young to be drafted. And

567
00:37:16,040 --> 00:37:20,359
Speaker 1: this brings us to our catalyst, the Sleepy Lagoon murder.

568
00:37:20,440 --> 00:37:24,239
Speaker 1: On the second of August nineteen forty two, there's this

569
00:37:24,440 --> 00:37:27,360
Speaker 1: reservoir in Maywood by the Illy River, and it was

570
00:37:28,080 --> 00:37:30,880
Speaker 1: called Sleepy Lagoon, and it was where all the young'ins

571
00:37:30,880 --> 00:37:34,880
Speaker 1: would hang out. And so there was a party followed

572
00:37:34,880 --> 00:37:40,080
Speaker 1: by an altercation, and in the morning, Hosey Giado Diaz

573
00:37:41,000 --> 00:37:46,680
Speaker 1: was found crumpled on the ground, unconscious, bruised and bloody.

574
00:37:48,040 --> 00:37:50,600
Speaker 1: He was taken to the hospital but succumbed to his entries.

575
00:37:51,880 --> 00:37:54,520
Speaker 1: His autopsy showed that he had alcohol in his system,

576
00:37:55,440 --> 00:37:59,320
Speaker 1: like and enough alcohol to be drunk like, he was

577
00:37:59,480 --> 00:38:05,480
Speaker 1: in toxic headed and they could not determine a cause

578
00:38:05,520 --> 00:38:10,760
Speaker 1: of death because he had blunt head trauma and multiple

579
00:38:10,840 --> 00:38:15,600
Speaker 1: stab wounds. And they came up with two theories. One

580
00:38:15,719 --> 00:38:18,480
Speaker 1: that it was just a violent attack. It was a

581
00:38:18,640 --> 00:38:21,719
Speaker 1: fight that went wrong and he got stabbed and he

582
00:38:21,800 --> 00:38:27,720
Speaker 1: got beaten. And the other theory is that again another

583
00:38:27,840 --> 00:38:31,279
Speaker 1: alter occasion where he was stabbed, but that he was

584
00:38:31,360 --> 00:38:35,320
Speaker 1: also thrown out of an automobile, which would have resulted

585
00:38:35,400 --> 00:38:39,239
Speaker 1: in the head trauma. Like. They had two ideas, but

586
00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:44,800
Speaker 1: they didn't have anything definite. So the cops be copping

587
00:38:45,360 --> 00:38:48,920
Speaker 1: and they arrest Henley Levaz and twenty something members of

588
00:38:49,040 --> 00:38:52,440
Speaker 1: what they called the thirty eighth Street Gang for the

589
00:38:52,520 --> 00:39:00,440
Speaker 1: alleged murder of Jose Giadro Diaz. And so there was

590
00:39:00,560 --> 00:39:07,680
Speaker 1: this like concern that these were like Pachuco rival gangs.

591
00:39:08,600 --> 00:39:11,359
Speaker 1: Pachuco is like just a word for these like young

592
00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:18,920
Speaker 1: Hispanic like groups, and the media pushes for action against

593
00:39:19,160 --> 00:39:26,960
Speaker 1: zutsuters and eight days later, thanks to Governor Colbert Olsen.

594
00:39:27,760 --> 00:39:33,160
Speaker 1: He sanctions a crackdown and the Ela police round up

595
00:39:33,400 --> 00:39:39,080
Speaker 1: six hundred Latino and Hispanic people, men and women, charges

596
00:39:39,120 --> 00:39:44,120
Speaker 1: them with a variety of offenses, from suspicion of armed robbery, assault,

597
00:39:44,719 --> 00:39:50,200
Speaker 1: and to other violent crimes. Like because they're rounding like

598
00:39:50,360 --> 00:39:54,399
Speaker 1: so many members of these communities, like families just start

599
00:39:54,480 --> 00:39:57,000
Speaker 1: putting out curfews or like don't go up past this time,

600
00:39:57,320 --> 00:40:00,719
Speaker 1: get back home, because they're genuinely worried about, you know,

601
00:40:01,000 --> 00:40:04,960
Speaker 1: this racial prejudice and how it is affecting their families.

602
00:40:08,080 --> 00:40:12,840
Speaker 1: So the trial itself is presided over by George Charles

603
00:40:12,880 --> 00:40:17,920
Speaker 1: William Frickey, known as San Quentin Frickey because of just

604
00:40:18,120 --> 00:40:23,480
Speaker 1: how often he sentenced people there. So twenty two youths

605
00:40:23,520 --> 00:40:28,080
Speaker 1: were arrested, seventeen were indicted, and they were all between

606
00:40:28,120 --> 00:40:34,360
Speaker 1: the ages of fourteen and twenty two. And the whole trial,

607
00:40:34,680 --> 00:40:39,040
Speaker 1: the whole trial spoilers, is a miscarriage of justice. I

608
00:40:39,080 --> 00:40:42,040
Speaker 1: know you're shocked. You're shocked at this trial in the

609
00:40:42,120 --> 00:40:48,640
Speaker 1: nineteen forties against these Hispanic youths. What Yes, the DA

610
00:40:48,840 --> 00:40:53,320
Speaker 1: demanded that the defense wear zootsuits so that you know

611
00:40:54,080 --> 00:40:59,440
Speaker 1: they would be recognizable, and so Fricky refused to let

612
00:40:59,560 --> 00:41:03,200
Speaker 1: them go themselves, so they weren't allowed to get a haircut,

613
00:41:03,840 --> 00:41:08,520
Speaker 1: they weren't allowed to have clean clothes, and so they

614
00:41:08,560 --> 00:41:13,839
Speaker 1: were presented to their jury right, and they basically wore

615
00:41:14,440 --> 00:41:17,680
Speaker 1: the same clothes for the entirety of the time that

616
00:41:17,719 --> 00:41:21,120
Speaker 1: they were presented. So they're getting more dirty and disheveled

617
00:41:21,800 --> 00:41:25,160
Speaker 1: as the trail continues in order for them to be

618
00:41:25,360 --> 00:41:32,279
Speaker 1: perceived in a way that was well less than optimum.

619
00:41:33,600 --> 00:41:37,759
Speaker 1: And remember as well, this was a subculture that took

620
00:41:38,000 --> 00:41:42,080
Speaker 1: pride in their appearance. So this was a double pronged attack.

621
00:41:42,200 --> 00:41:47,600
Speaker 1: So not only are they looking sort of more disgruntled

622
00:41:47,840 --> 00:41:54,160
Speaker 1: or more disheveled, sorry for the jury, but it's also

623
00:41:54,440 --> 00:41:57,320
Speaker 1: like a way of kicking them when they're down, because

624
00:41:57,360 --> 00:42:00,320
Speaker 1: they really took pride in how they looked because that

625
00:42:00,440 --> 00:42:06,040
Speaker 1: was very much part of their cultural identity or their

626
00:42:06,160 --> 00:42:12,080
Speaker 1: subcultural identity, if you will. And the core room is small.

627
00:42:12,680 --> 00:42:16,880
Speaker 1: There are seventeen defendants, so anytime the devents tried to

628
00:42:17,000 --> 00:42:21,759
Speaker 1: confer with their clients, the judge ruled that it was disruptive.

629
00:42:23,560 --> 00:42:27,040
Speaker 1: And so they're trying to like like he's trying to

630
00:42:27,080 --> 00:42:29,000
Speaker 1: talk to his clients. But they're teenagers, and they're being

631
00:42:29,080 --> 00:42:32,600
Speaker 1: teenagers because like one of the dudes or a few

632
00:42:32,600 --> 00:42:35,759
Speaker 1: of them actually had never met the victim, and so

633
00:42:35,880 --> 00:42:38,120
Speaker 1: they're like, I didn't do it. There's no way I'm

634
00:42:38,160 --> 00:42:42,239
Speaker 1: going to get like done for this whatever. So here's

635
00:42:42,280 --> 00:42:46,719
Speaker 1: the thing. The judge allows, and I'm going to use

636
00:42:46,840 --> 00:42:51,600
Speaker 1: the terminlessly an expert witness to come in and speak

637
00:42:52,840 --> 00:42:58,440
Speaker 1: a Duran ares the chief foreign Relations, the chief of

638
00:42:58,520 --> 00:43:02,360
Speaker 1: Foreign Relations, Bureau of Law, Los Angeles Sheriff's office. He

639
00:43:02,600 --> 00:43:09,040
Speaker 1: testified that Mexicans had a bloodthirst and a biological predisposition

640
00:43:09,239 --> 00:43:17,680
Speaker 1: to criminal violence. Phrenology. Are we back to phrenology? What

641
00:43:20,560 --> 00:43:23,640
Speaker 1: the prosecution? So, they tried to get these gals from

642
00:43:23,640 --> 00:43:27,520
Speaker 1: the thirty eighth Street area to testify against the boys,

643
00:43:28,480 --> 00:43:31,279
Speaker 1: but they said whatever. The nineteen forty Spanish slang is

644
00:43:31,360 --> 00:43:37,719
Speaker 1: for oink motherfuckers. Effectively, they said fuck this for GEMI soldiers,

645
00:43:38,560 --> 00:43:41,320
Speaker 1: and by that I mean they politely declined to acquiesce

646
00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:49,080
Speaker 1: with their request. So because they refused to cooperate afterwards,

647
00:43:49,120 --> 00:43:52,160
Speaker 1: what happened is they were forcibly removed from their parents'

648
00:43:52,239 --> 00:43:57,040
Speaker 1: custody and detained in reform schools. So they were actually

649
00:43:57,080 --> 00:44:01,080
Speaker 1: taken to the Ventura School for Girls, and they did

650
00:44:01,200 --> 00:44:05,160
Speaker 1: not leave until they were adults. Like, they were not

651
00:44:05,239 --> 00:44:11,120
Speaker 1: allowed to leave because they refused to testify against these boys.

652
00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:17,440
Speaker 1: So the guys on trial, they're facing an all white jury.

653
00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:21,120
Speaker 1: These young men again, some of them who had never

654
00:44:21,280 --> 00:44:26,759
Speaker 1: even met the victim, were just like sometimes like rolling

655
00:44:26,800 --> 00:44:29,279
Speaker 1: their eyes, Like, I mean, I rolled my eyes too.

656
00:44:29,280 --> 00:44:34,880
Speaker 1: If somebody was like, you have a genetic predisposition for murder, Like,

657
00:44:35,080 --> 00:44:38,320
Speaker 1: what the fuck, dude, are you're an expert? Are you

658
00:44:38,760 --> 00:44:45,920
Speaker 1: of foreign relations? No? Simply no, sir. The trail lasted

659
00:44:46,120 --> 00:44:50,840
Speaker 1: until January of nineteen forty three. Five of the fellas

660
00:44:50,880 --> 00:44:55,520
Speaker 1: are acquitted and because they're like deemed as guilty of assault,

661
00:44:58,520 --> 00:45:09,320
Speaker 1: but Ismail Pera, Henry Inostrova, Gus Zamora, Jack Melendez, Victor Thompson,

662
00:45:10,400 --> 00:45:17,280
Speaker 1: Manuel Rees, Angel Padilla, Robert Tells, Manuel Delgado, John Mattoos,

663
00:45:17,719 --> 00:45:22,120
Speaker 1: and Jose roots Ruis were convicted. I'm sorry if I

664
00:45:22,239 --> 00:45:24,080
Speaker 1: buggered up those names, but I wanted to make sure

665
00:45:24,120 --> 00:45:27,080
Speaker 1: I said them like, I wanted to say their names

666
00:45:27,120 --> 00:45:30,839
Speaker 1: because I think that's important, and I did my best.

667
00:45:30,880 --> 00:45:35,600
Speaker 1: I don't speak Spanish, I tried a panic to one us,

668
00:45:35,600 --> 00:45:37,279
Speaker 1: I was like, what do sound does the z make?

669
00:45:37,360 --> 00:45:42,320
Speaker 1: I've forgotten the sound of the z oh. So the

670
00:45:42,480 --> 00:45:47,319
Speaker 1: trial and the media circus surrounding it just stoked these

671
00:45:47,400 --> 00:45:51,880
Speaker 1: racial tensions as it basically scapegoaded these teens as the

672
00:45:52,040 --> 00:45:57,160
Speaker 1: cause of social ills and crimes. The convictions were overturned

673
00:45:57,160 --> 00:45:59,920
Speaker 1: two years later thanks to the Sleepy Lagoon Defense Committee,

674
00:46:00,480 --> 00:46:04,680
Speaker 1: but the charges were never fully dropped, like, never formally cleared,

675
00:46:05,760 --> 00:46:09,320
Speaker 1: so the murder was still unsolved to this day. And

676
00:46:10,960 --> 00:46:16,080
Speaker 1: also in addition, furthermore, most of the men involved in

677
00:46:16,160 --> 00:46:20,640
Speaker 1: the trial were still in prison when the Zootsuit riots happened.

678
00:46:23,000 --> 00:46:27,960
Speaker 1: And so remember those six hundred Mexican Americans rounded up,

679
00:46:28,360 --> 00:46:34,239
Speaker 1: mainly Mexican Americans. They also had trials in January, and

680
00:46:34,400 --> 00:46:39,480
Speaker 1: there were like so many convictions were handed down and

681
00:46:39,680 --> 00:46:44,200
Speaker 1: what many called sham proceedings. I mean, if you're going

682
00:46:44,280 --> 00:46:49,600
Speaker 1: to arrest and try and convict like six hundred people, like, yeah,

683
00:46:49,680 --> 00:46:53,120
Speaker 1: there's no way you can do that in a reasonable

684
00:46:53,200 --> 00:46:58,359
Speaker 1: and ethical manner, Like that's just not possible, Like that's

685
00:46:58,440 --> 00:47:03,000
Speaker 1: not a thing. And so because they were convicted of

686
00:47:03,080 --> 00:47:08,239
Speaker 1: this crime, like it just added another layer onto it.

687
00:47:08,320 --> 00:47:11,319
Speaker 1: Along with all of these people. So you've got all

688
00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:15,719
Speaker 1: of these members of a minority community and they're being

689
00:47:15,840 --> 00:47:20,800
Speaker 1: convicted on these trumped up charges along with this group

690
00:47:20,880 --> 00:47:23,280
Speaker 1: of young men who are also part of the community,

691
00:47:23,680 --> 00:47:28,080
Speaker 1: who are being convicted of something they did not do,

692
00:47:29,400 --> 00:47:33,320
Speaker 1: and it just focuses like news outlets and reports and

693
00:47:33,440 --> 00:47:38,680
Speaker 1: media like on them in showing them as delinquents, the

694
00:47:38,719 --> 00:47:42,480
Speaker 1: bad guys, the root cause of the problem as opposed

695
00:47:42,520 --> 00:47:48,560
Speaker 1: to many other factors, you know. So I'm going to

696
00:47:48,680 --> 00:47:53,080
Speaker 1: like circle back to zo suits for a second. So

697
00:47:53,239 --> 00:47:55,840
Speaker 1: with the rationing, I'd mentioned this before. With the rationing

698
00:47:56,360 --> 00:48:00,880
Speaker 1: and the Wartime Productions Board, they limited the use of

699
00:48:00,960 --> 00:48:04,840
Speaker 1: will in March nineteen forty two, and it also banned

700
00:48:04,920 --> 00:48:11,200
Speaker 1: like extra design elements that required extra fabrics, including pocket flaps, plates, cuffs,

701
00:48:11,400 --> 00:48:16,400
Speaker 1: and vests, and so the oversized suitsuits with their extra

702
00:48:16,520 --> 00:48:22,799
Speaker 1: fabric large lapels, well, and they were sort of they

703
00:48:22,840 --> 00:48:26,240
Speaker 1: were not really optimum because of how much extra fabric

704
00:48:26,239 --> 00:48:28,520
Speaker 1: they used. So it was a bit of an issue,

705
00:48:29,560 --> 00:48:33,600
Speaker 1: and so tailors worked around this by making the suits

706
00:48:33,640 --> 00:48:36,120
Speaker 1: from other fabrics. They were like, that's okay, we'll use

707
00:48:36,160 --> 00:48:42,800
Speaker 1: something else. In October nineteen forty two, the Wartime Productions

708
00:48:42,840 --> 00:48:47,040
Speaker 1: Board banned those fabrics as well, and so it became

709
00:48:47,160 --> 00:48:51,359
Speaker 1: illegal to make a zoot suit, but not to wear one.

710
00:48:52,560 --> 00:48:57,120
Speaker 1: But the La tailors and probably other tailors too did

711
00:48:57,200 --> 00:49:01,959
Speaker 1: it anyway, and now the city of La It did

712
00:49:02,680 --> 00:49:06,920
Speaker 1: consider banning zoots it all together, but ultimately it did not,

713
00:49:09,440 --> 00:49:14,520
Speaker 1: which brings me to like President Franklin D. Roosevelt and

714
00:49:14,680 --> 00:49:19,759
Speaker 1: his Good Neighbor Policy, which its whole purpose was to

715
00:49:20,080 --> 00:49:24,960
Speaker 1: improve US relations with Latin America. And so news outlets

716
00:49:25,080 --> 00:49:29,720
Speaker 1: and media stopped using the word Mexican and crime reporting,

717
00:49:30,880 --> 00:49:37,480
Speaker 1: choosing instead to use terms like zoot suited thugs. Remember

718
00:49:37,560 --> 00:49:41,560
Speaker 1: what I said earlier about the hoodies, It's like, oh,

719
00:49:42,200 --> 00:49:44,360
Speaker 1: a hood he did this, and a HOODI did that.

720
00:49:44,600 --> 00:49:49,920
Speaker 1: It's like okay, so yeah, it would use terms like that,

721
00:49:50,120 --> 00:49:52,920
Speaker 1: and that would mean like zoot suited thug was just

722
00:49:53,000 --> 00:49:57,360
Speaker 1: a way of going Mexican delinquent, Like that's what that was.

723
00:49:58,400 --> 00:50:01,360
Speaker 1: And so every time that they used the term like

724
00:50:01,600 --> 00:50:06,480
Speaker 1: zutzured thugs, they may as well have just written Mexican

725
00:50:07,120 --> 00:50:13,640
Speaker 1: and all caps and underlined like this furthered the stereotype

726
00:50:13,680 --> 00:50:18,680
Speaker 1: that Mexican American youths were criminals gangsters and zut suits

727
00:50:18,719 --> 00:50:28,200
Speaker 1: and reinforcing that connection between clothing and crime, like the hoodie. Okay,

728
00:50:29,480 --> 00:50:42,720
Speaker 1: like the hoodie because of the connection between like clothing

729
00:50:42,760 --> 00:50:47,640
Speaker 1: and criminality. So these zut suits were sort of like, oh,

730
00:50:47,880 --> 00:50:50,239
Speaker 1: a mobster in a pinstripe suit, you know what I mean,

731
00:50:50,480 --> 00:50:54,880
Speaker 1: are like a zut suit and a gangster. And the

732
00:50:55,040 --> 00:51:01,680
Speaker 1: ELI Times referred to the zut sits as the uniform

733
00:51:01,920 --> 00:51:09,239
Speaker 1: of delinquency. However, speaking of uniforms, there was a fuck

734
00:51:09,360 --> 00:51:12,359
Speaker 1: ton of service members of the US military in LA

735
00:51:12,920 --> 00:51:16,640
Speaker 1: at any one time. Some would be on shore leave,

736
00:51:16,840 --> 00:51:21,719
Speaker 1: others preparing to deploy, others were passing through, or they

737
00:51:21,760 --> 00:51:25,560
Speaker 1: were training at the Naval Marine Corps Reserve Center in

738
00:51:25,760 --> 00:51:32,600
Speaker 1: Chavez Ravine, which was less we forget any, predominantly Mexican

739
00:51:32,719 --> 00:51:36,280
Speaker 1: part of LA at the time, and so at weekends

740
00:51:36,360 --> 00:51:41,160
Speaker 1: the numbers of the numbers of servicemen could swell to

741
00:51:41,280 --> 00:51:46,480
Speaker 1: around fifty thousand military personnel in the city. And a

742
00:51:46,560 --> 00:51:53,560
Speaker 1: lot of these fellas they saw zoot suitors as unpatriotic, like,

743
00:51:54,480 --> 00:51:56,640
Speaker 1: you know, because all of that fabric might you weren't

744
00:51:56,640 --> 00:52:01,320
Speaker 1: getting it for the war effort. And also the wearing

745
00:52:01,440 --> 00:52:05,160
Speaker 1: of the zu suit became like a political act, and

746
00:52:05,320 --> 00:52:07,919
Speaker 1: like wearing a zutsuit could be seen as an act

747
00:52:08,000 --> 00:52:12,600
Speaker 1: of rebellion. So this layered with the belief that these,

748
00:52:13,480 --> 00:52:19,320
Speaker 1: you know, Mexican Hispanic Latino youths, were draft dodgers and

749
00:52:20,719 --> 00:52:26,480
Speaker 1: these fellas they were personally offended by their very presence,

750
00:52:27,440 --> 00:52:31,360
Speaker 1: like the fact that they existed was annoying them. And

751
00:52:31,520 --> 00:52:36,720
Speaker 1: because of this, skirmishes between Mexican civilian youth and service

752
00:52:36,840 --> 00:52:41,040
Speaker 1: members was a common occurrence by late nineteen forty two,

753
00:52:41,800 --> 00:52:44,360
Speaker 1: and it was like a tip for tat right, So

754
00:52:44,800 --> 00:52:47,560
Speaker 1: one fight would lead to the next one, and like

755
00:52:47,760 --> 00:52:49,520
Speaker 1: I'd have to get back to this person, they would

756
00:52:49,520 --> 00:52:52,719
Speaker 1: get back at you, and yadi, YadA, YadA, And it

757
00:52:52,840 --> 00:52:57,440
Speaker 1: goes from like one fight per week recorded right, And

758
00:52:57,520 --> 00:53:01,840
Speaker 1: here's a thing. Anytime one thing is report, did you

759
00:53:02,000 --> 00:53:05,399
Speaker 1: have to assume that if it happens once, right, it'll

760
00:53:05,480 --> 00:53:10,680
Speaker 1: happen another time. And so this goes from like one

761
00:53:10,760 --> 00:53:16,480
Speaker 1: a week to two to three fights per day, which

762
00:53:16,520 --> 00:53:21,120
Speaker 1: brings us to May thirty first, nineteen forty three. Eleven

763
00:53:21,400 --> 00:53:27,360
Speaker 1: or so uniformed servicemen and a group of underage Mexican

764
00:53:27,400 --> 00:53:33,200
Speaker 1: Americans clashed, resulting in one sailor having his job broken,

765
00:53:35,239 --> 00:53:38,960
Speaker 1: and so the Anglo serviceman will not too happy with that,

766
00:53:40,760 --> 00:53:45,640
Speaker 1: and in retaliation, on the third of June, about fifty

767
00:53:46,280 --> 00:53:50,960
Speaker 1: Ish sailors from the Naval Marine Corps Reserve Center in Chavezervine,

768
00:53:51,960 --> 00:53:55,480
Speaker 1: they marched through downtown LA carrying clubs and a bunch

769
00:53:55,520 --> 00:54:01,800
Speaker 1: of other makeshift weapons, like they maguivered some weapons, and

770
00:54:02,120 --> 00:54:06,279
Speaker 1: they were looking for a fight, and they attacked anyone

771
00:54:06,640 --> 00:54:10,520
Speaker 1: wearing a zoot suit or anything deemed as and I quote,

772
00:54:11,200 --> 00:54:20,080
Speaker 1: racially identifiable clothing. The following day, a Friday, June fourth,

773
00:54:21,600 --> 00:54:25,319
Speaker 1: sailors hired cabs to take them to the barrios specifically.

774
00:54:29,080 --> 00:54:34,960
Speaker 1: So these military personnel, let's just get this right, Like,

775
00:54:35,080 --> 00:54:44,600
Speaker 1: let's get this straight. These military personnel deliberately entered civilian neighborhoods,

776
00:54:45,160 --> 00:54:50,680
Speaker 1: seeking out minority youths to attack during an active war.

777
00:54:52,160 --> 00:54:54,840
Speaker 1: So there's a war going on and they're doing this.

778
00:54:55,200 --> 00:55:03,400
Speaker 1: I just okay. They attacked anyone vaguely Hispanic. Five victims

779
00:55:03,400 --> 00:55:05,839
Speaker 1: were hospitalized and by the time the police in Shore

780
00:55:05,920 --> 00:55:09,840
Speaker 1: Patrol arrived, most of the sailors had returned to base.

781
00:55:11,080 --> 00:55:16,800
Speaker 1: So who did they arrest, that's right, victims, victims of

782
00:55:16,840 --> 00:55:22,080
Speaker 1: the crime. The next evening on the fifth of June,

783
00:55:22,760 --> 00:55:26,759
Speaker 1: it's the same bit, bigger, and it spreads further into

784
00:55:26,920 --> 00:55:32,920
Speaker 1: East Los Angeles. And mainly these attacks they targeted men,

785
00:55:33,200 --> 00:55:37,360
Speaker 1: especially pachucos or anyone they believed to be a petruco.

786
00:55:39,400 --> 00:55:43,120
Speaker 1: They even attacked a group of musicians like as they

787
00:55:43,160 --> 00:55:47,160
Speaker 1: were leaving as tech recording company, like they were leaving

788
00:55:47,840 --> 00:55:54,880
Speaker 1: and they got attacked. By the seventh of June, there's

789
00:55:55,000 --> 00:55:59,600
Speaker 1: this unsubstantiated rumor that zut sUAS were planning a co

790
00:55:59,760 --> 00:56:07,040
Speaker 1: war donated attempt to attack the police. Gonna I'm gonna

791
00:56:07,040 --> 00:56:13,480
Speaker 1: be gentle when I say this. There is no evidence anywhere,

792
00:56:14,200 --> 00:56:17,680
Speaker 1: in any way, in any consideration, any whisper of a

793
00:56:17,760 --> 00:56:26,360
Speaker 1: possibility that the zoot suiting youth We're going to coordinate

794
00:56:26,680 --> 00:56:30,800
Speaker 1: and attack on police. That wasn't going to happen. That

795
00:56:30,960 --> 00:56:36,120
Speaker 1: was not part of it. So the media, they are

796
00:56:36,640 --> 00:56:39,799
Speaker 1: just they are lapping this up and they are going

797
00:56:39,880 --> 00:56:44,879
Speaker 1: hell for leather. Some fan the flames stating that zoot

798
00:56:44,960 --> 00:56:50,200
Speaker 1: suits were attacking servicemen on site. Others reported that the

799
00:56:51,000 --> 00:56:54,120
Speaker 1: a mob of military personnel were creating carnage in the streets,

800
00:56:54,160 --> 00:56:57,640
Speaker 1: which is nice. It's nice that somebody was actually reporting

801
00:56:57,680 --> 00:57:02,560
Speaker 1: the correct thing. And so because of this rimor from

802
00:57:02,600 --> 00:57:07,600
Speaker 1: the seventh of Gin, servicemen traveled to downtown LA from

803
00:57:07,680 --> 00:57:11,160
Speaker 1: all over as far as far as San Diego, right,

804
00:57:12,200 --> 00:57:17,360
Speaker 1: and some taxis furied them in for free. And they

805
00:57:17,440 --> 00:57:21,320
Speaker 1: weren't just attacking the barriers, which are mainly the Mexican

806
00:57:21,360 --> 00:57:29,760
Speaker 1: American population but also predominantly black neighborhoods. US servicemen attacked

807
00:57:29,840 --> 00:57:34,320
Speaker 1: youths in zoot suits, beat them. Sometimes they stripped them

808
00:57:34,400 --> 00:57:37,680
Speaker 1: naked and then set fire to their suits in front

809
00:57:37,720 --> 00:57:41,760
Speaker 1: of them. They destroyed their clothes, they cut their hair,

810
00:57:42,880 --> 00:57:48,080
Speaker 1: and and like they're just they're just causing chaos, right

811
00:57:49,280 --> 00:57:54,520
Speaker 1: they are. They even attacked a black defense worker, so

812
00:57:54,720 --> 00:57:58,000
Speaker 1: someone who was mildy personnel, someone who was on their

813
00:57:58,200 --> 00:58:01,280
Speaker 1: fucking site, part of their team. Right. I know there's

814
00:58:01,320 --> 00:58:03,240
Speaker 1: racial prejudice in the army, specially at this time, but

815
00:58:04,400 --> 00:58:07,680
Speaker 1: this guy on their team, and what do they do.

816
00:58:08,320 --> 00:58:11,120
Speaker 1: They gouge out one of his eyes with a knife.

817
00:58:12,240 --> 00:58:17,920
Speaker 1: Anglo sailors right, attack a brother in arms, a member

818
00:58:18,600 --> 00:58:24,000
Speaker 1: of their same military force. They are pulling people out

819
00:58:24,040 --> 00:58:28,040
Speaker 1: of movie theaters to attack them in the streets. Black

820
00:58:28,120 --> 00:58:34,600
Speaker 1: people Mexican Filipino like all i'd say indiscriminately attacked, but

821
00:58:34,720 --> 00:58:41,000
Speaker 1: this is very much discriminately attacked. And the police what

822
00:58:41,120 --> 00:58:46,160
Speaker 1: did they do? What did they do? Right? When it

823
00:58:46,280 --> 00:58:50,280
Speaker 1: came to the servicemen, they were carted either back to

824
00:58:50,400 --> 00:58:53,560
Speaker 1: base or dropped off a few blocks away. They didn't

825
00:58:53,920 --> 00:58:59,520
Speaker 1: like suffer any consequences of this, right, And the youths

826
00:59:00,160 --> 00:59:05,240
Speaker 1: like the Pucucos or Pucacho's like they were like begging

827
00:59:05,640 --> 00:59:08,040
Speaker 1: police to arrest them as it was safer to be

828
00:59:08,160 --> 00:59:12,920
Speaker 1: in jail than on the streets. And then otherwise, like

829
00:59:13,400 --> 00:59:17,520
Speaker 1: the Mexican American youths that were being arrested generally were

830
00:59:17,680 --> 00:59:24,840
Speaker 1: victims of this. And again media was praising the servicemen

831
00:59:25,360 --> 00:59:32,520
Speaker 1: while vilifying the victims. One such paper said or had

832
00:59:32,560 --> 00:59:37,320
Speaker 1: the headline, so does land listen from fight with servicemen

833
00:59:40,520 --> 00:59:43,560
Speaker 1: the eighth of jin The violence mainly stopped because the

834
00:59:43,640 --> 00:59:47,360
Speaker 1: servicemen were barred from leaving base and downtown La was

835
00:59:47,400 --> 00:59:52,360
Speaker 1: a no go zone. All the while, the Navy claimed

836
00:59:52,440 --> 01:00:00,920
Speaker 1: that all the actions of the sailors was in self defense. No, no,

837
01:00:02,120 --> 01:00:08,920
Speaker 1: that is just factually incorrect, because because you're you're starting

838
01:00:08,960 --> 01:00:15,520
Speaker 1: a fight, like if you craft a weapon, right, You

839
01:00:15,680 --> 01:00:22,320
Speaker 1: craft a weapon, You then travel to a location with

840
01:00:22,560 --> 01:00:27,400
Speaker 1: the weapon, pull people out of like the cinema. They're

841
01:00:27,400 --> 01:00:31,240
Speaker 1: at the pictures, they're watching something. You pull them out,

842
01:00:32,160 --> 01:00:36,960
Speaker 1: You beat them, you strip them, you cut their hair. Like,

843
01:00:38,080 --> 01:00:42,960
Speaker 1: how is that self defense? You can't claim self defense

844
01:00:44,600 --> 01:00:48,960
Speaker 1: when you like, attack a mass group of people first.

845
01:00:50,880 --> 01:00:57,240
Speaker 1: You cannot claim self defense when you attack a mass

846
01:00:57,320 --> 01:01:00,560
Speaker 1: group of people first. I feel like this, as a

847
01:01:00,760 --> 01:01:04,840
Speaker 1: general rule is something we should be able to comprehend.

848
01:01:06,040 --> 01:01:12,440
Speaker 1: If you invade somewhere else, you're not being defensive. That

849
01:01:12,720 --> 01:01:17,760
Speaker 1: is attack. That is offense. Okay, these are basic basic

850
01:01:18,000 --> 01:01:23,600
Speaker 1: terms that we should understand. So by the ninth of June,

851
01:01:23,720 --> 01:01:26,920
Speaker 1: the Los Angeles City Council banned the public wearing of

852
01:01:27,040 --> 01:01:31,000
Speaker 1: zut suits and the penalty was fifty days in jail.

853
01:01:32,800 --> 01:01:36,640
Speaker 1: After this, two committees were formed to investigate the cause

854
01:01:36,680 --> 01:01:42,080
Speaker 1: of the riots, an anti American Activities investigation presided over

855
01:01:42,200 --> 01:01:46,240
Speaker 1: by State Senator Jack B. Tenney, the purpose of which

856
01:01:46,400 --> 01:01:49,680
Speaker 1: was to search for evidence of fascist or Nazi instigators.

857
01:01:52,240 --> 01:01:59,640
Speaker 1: They found no evidence of fascist or Nazi instigators, not

858
01:02:00,800 --> 01:02:06,400
Speaker 1: a whisper, not a drip. The other committee was a

859
01:02:06,480 --> 01:02:12,240
Speaker 1: citizens committee ordered by California Governor Earl Warren, which belong

860
01:02:12,320 --> 01:02:15,280
Speaker 1: in George of it said that racism was the cause

861
01:02:15,320 --> 01:02:20,280
Speaker 1: of the outbreaks and violence. That's your Cliffland's version too long,

862
01:02:20,320 --> 01:02:24,600
Speaker 1: didn't read, you know, so that's what they said. And

863
01:02:24,840 --> 01:02:30,479
Speaker 1: the LA Mayor Fletcher Bourne, he was adamant that race

864
01:02:30,680 --> 01:02:34,720
Speaker 1: was not a factor in the riots and the cause

865
01:02:34,800 --> 01:02:38,880
Speaker 1: of the riots. The blame, he said, was solely on

866
01:02:39,600 --> 01:02:45,200
Speaker 1: zoot suitors and juvenile delinquents. Here's the thing, though, here's

867
01:02:45,280 --> 01:02:51,120
Speaker 1: the thing this Citizens Committee report. It showed that juvenile

868
01:02:51,160 --> 01:02:56,640
Speaker 1: delinquency had increased across the board in all ethnic groups,

869
01:02:56,920 --> 01:03:03,960
Speaker 1: but less so and the Mexican American population. Right. It

870
01:03:04,080 --> 01:03:08,360
Speaker 1: basically said that there are factors that lead to crime,

871
01:03:10,160 --> 01:03:18,959
Speaker 1: so inadequate infrastructure, sanitation, substandard housing, lack of recreational facilities,

872
01:03:19,600 --> 01:03:21,880
Speaker 1: places for young people to go and do things from

873
01:03:21,960 --> 01:03:25,919
Speaker 1: like playgrounds to like swimming pools. Yeah, so like when

874
01:03:26,000 --> 01:03:29,920
Speaker 1: you don't have a lot of options or services for

875
01:03:30,120 --> 01:03:33,720
Speaker 1: young people, they were just going to do whatever they can, right,

876
01:03:34,080 --> 01:03:37,040
Speaker 1: That's why so many Irish teenagers used to go ditch drinking.

877
01:03:37,680 --> 01:03:41,040
Speaker 1: And it is exactly what it sounds. You'd go and

878
01:03:41,320 --> 01:03:43,880
Speaker 1: drink in a field, right, you'd probably end up in

879
01:03:43,920 --> 01:03:46,560
Speaker 1: a ditch. Right, What if you end up in a ditch?

880
01:03:46,800 --> 01:03:50,200
Speaker 1: We did, right, because you have literally nothing else to do,

881
01:03:51,200 --> 01:03:54,920
Speaker 1: Like there's there was nothing. Right, you have fields sometimes

882
01:03:55,000 --> 01:03:57,840
Speaker 1: you'd go kil tipping, right. Not a lot happening, right,

883
01:03:59,720 --> 01:04:06,080
Speaker 1: So yeah, they had ideas. The idea is to like

884
01:04:06,200 --> 01:04:12,400
Speaker 1: combat like all these issues like better police training, especially

885
01:04:12,520 --> 01:04:17,840
Speaker 1: those going into minority areas, increase in facilities, ending segregation

886
01:04:18,000 --> 01:04:23,680
Speaker 1: and discrimination. They were like, if you want to reduce crime,

887
01:04:24,320 --> 01:04:29,840
Speaker 1: you don't overfund the police. You invest in community infrastructure.

888
01:04:33,400 --> 01:04:35,600
Speaker 1: I feel like that's something we can still learn from

889
01:04:36,160 --> 01:04:40,960
Speaker 1: today nearly one hundred years later, Like we're getting closed,

890
01:04:40,960 --> 01:04:45,360
Speaker 1: we're like eighty years out. That's the thing. Like you

891
01:04:45,560 --> 01:04:51,320
Speaker 1: need infrastructure, you need services, you need third spaces, right,

892
01:04:51,440 --> 01:04:53,960
Speaker 1: you need third spaces. People need to be able to

893
01:04:54,040 --> 01:04:59,720
Speaker 1: go and do things right and without them, like you

894
01:04:59,840 --> 01:05:03,080
Speaker 1: do grow. If you want to combat crime, you have

895
01:05:03,160 --> 01:05:05,200
Speaker 1: to prevent crime. In order to prevent crime, you have

896
01:05:05,360 --> 01:05:10,080
Speaker 1: to invest in areas, and you have to rebuild community.

897
01:05:12,960 --> 01:05:16,840
Speaker 1: This committee, by the way, did not, for the record,

898
01:05:17,560 --> 01:05:23,320
Speaker 1: investigate the actions of the military personnel who were involved

899
01:05:23,960 --> 01:05:30,480
Speaker 1: in these riots, like maybe investigate them maybe investigate the

900
01:05:30,520 --> 01:05:38,720
Speaker 1: people who instigated the violence. Perhaps no, okay, then, so

901
01:05:39,320 --> 01:05:43,040
Speaker 1: the sleepy the good murder and the zutzuit riots, they

902
01:05:43,080 --> 01:05:46,280
Speaker 1: were actually like a precursor to what's called the Chicano movement,

903
01:05:46,840 --> 01:05:50,640
Speaker 1: which is a civil rights movement, and it's created solidarity

904
01:05:50,720 --> 01:05:54,360
Speaker 1: amongst marginalized communities across the country and led to a

905
01:05:54,560 --> 01:06:01,320
Speaker 1: broader and deeper discussion of racism. The Chocano as well.

906
01:06:02,600 --> 01:06:04,640
Speaker 1: Like it's still exists, it's still a civil rights movement

907
01:06:04,680 --> 01:06:09,160
Speaker 1: that exists today, and they still wear zoot sits like

908
01:06:09,280 --> 01:06:14,760
Speaker 1: it's part of that political expression. I actually think we

909
01:06:14,800 --> 01:06:18,280
Speaker 1: should bring back zoot suits in general. I love zoot suits,

910
01:06:19,280 --> 01:06:21,920
Speaker 1: although with my body shape I look a bit weird

911
01:06:22,560 --> 01:06:25,600
Speaker 1: and a zoot suit now. I actually didn't mention the

912
01:06:25,680 --> 01:06:27,800
Speaker 1: women who wear z out sits because there were there

913
01:06:27,840 --> 01:06:29,880
Speaker 1: were there were, you know, girls and women who wore

914
01:06:30,360 --> 01:06:34,080
Speaker 1: zut sits, and sometimes they would wear them with trousers

915
01:06:34,160 --> 01:06:38,840
Speaker 1: and so they were very like masculine, and which again

916
01:06:39,600 --> 01:06:44,040
Speaker 1: you know, the angles weren't happy with because they saw

917
01:06:44,080 --> 01:06:48,680
Speaker 1: it as like the opposite of like femininity. But then

918
01:06:48,760 --> 01:06:51,080
Speaker 1: you would have like a zoot suit that had a skirt,

919
01:06:51,800 --> 01:06:54,160
Speaker 1: and then it was seen as like horrors like it

920
01:06:54,320 --> 01:06:59,800
Speaker 1: was such, it was such like such a disdain for it.

921
01:07:00,000 --> 01:07:01,840
Speaker 1: No matter what they did, it was such a thing.

922
01:07:03,160 --> 01:07:06,000
Speaker 1: And I have one more not so fun fact for you.

923
01:07:07,360 --> 01:07:12,280
Speaker 1: The Dodger Stadium is situated in the Chabbez Ravine on

924
01:07:12,440 --> 01:07:15,760
Speaker 1: an area that was supposed to be a public housing

925
01:07:15,880 --> 01:07:20,080
Speaker 1: project with the people evicted from the area, the Mexican

926
01:07:20,160 --> 01:07:24,040
Speaker 1: American people, by the way, evicted from the area. They

927
01:07:24,080 --> 01:07:27,880
Speaker 1: were supposed to have like first DIBs of of getting

928
01:07:27,960 --> 01:07:32,400
Speaker 1: a place there once it had been rebuilt. And the

929
01:07:32,600 --> 01:07:37,120
Speaker 1: reason the project fell through was because the allegian Parks

930
01:07:37,160 --> 01:07:42,840
Speaker 1: Heads project, with twenty four thirteen story buildings, one hundred

931
01:07:42,840 --> 01:07:47,520
Speaker 1: and sixty two story townhouses, a college, a school, and

932
01:07:47,760 --> 01:07:54,919
Speaker 1: a playground, was deemed too socialists because having a place

933
01:07:54,960 --> 01:08:02,640
Speaker 1: where everyone can live and thrive is socialist, allegedly because

934
01:08:03,560 --> 01:08:06,800
Speaker 1: people were given the opportunity to live there instead of

935
01:08:06,880 --> 01:08:11,880
Speaker 1: selling it to the highest bidder like okay. What's interesting

936
01:08:11,920 --> 01:08:15,360
Speaker 1: as well is that the Zutsuit riots and the sleepy

937
01:08:15,440 --> 01:08:18,320
Speaker 1: La Good Mudda, which is what everything traces back to,

938
01:08:18,520 --> 01:08:21,680
Speaker 1: like that is the catalyst for this event, is that

939
01:08:22,720 --> 01:08:26,080
Speaker 1: there isn't a lot out there on. It Like typically

940
01:08:26,840 --> 01:08:29,640
Speaker 1: even when there's you know, a miscarriage of justice or

941
01:08:30,200 --> 01:08:32,960
Speaker 1: a big event happens, especially when the people that are

942
01:08:33,000 --> 01:08:39,880
Speaker 1: involved in it, even regarding like ethnic minorities, it's usually

943
01:08:40,479 --> 01:08:44,599
Speaker 1: more spoken about in discussed over time, and even within

944
01:08:44,720 --> 01:08:48,800
Speaker 1: like the historical and true crime communities, it's not really

945
01:08:49,680 --> 01:08:54,360
Speaker 1: and it's interesting and not in a good way that

946
01:08:54,520 --> 01:08:58,519
Speaker 1: that's the case. And that's why one of the reasons

947
01:08:58,560 --> 01:09:00,880
Speaker 1: why I definitely wanted to talk about because I wanted to,

948
01:09:02,040 --> 01:09:04,599
Speaker 1: you know, discuss something that doesn't get discussed that often

949
01:09:05,160 --> 01:09:09,479
Speaker 1: because it bothers me. But next week I do have

950
01:09:09,520 --> 01:09:13,160
Speaker 1: an American woman again, going back to form because you

951
01:09:13,200 --> 01:09:15,680
Speaker 1: all are asking me to talk about more women, and

952
01:09:15,800 --> 01:09:17,720
Speaker 1: I will do my best. But I thought this was

953
01:09:18,600 --> 01:09:22,720
Speaker 1: just an important, important one, especially for right now in

954
01:09:22,800 --> 01:09:24,800
Speaker 1: the land we live in and the world we live

955
01:09:24,840 --> 01:09:30,360
Speaker 1: in specifically. But if you liked my telling of this story,

956
01:09:30,800 --> 01:09:33,360
Speaker 1: feel free to wait and review five stars. If you

957
01:09:33,439 --> 01:09:35,479
Speaker 1: don't want to see anything nice, you can just not

958
01:09:35,600 --> 01:09:38,320
Speaker 1: see anything at all. But Apple podcasts like helps you

959
01:09:38,400 --> 01:09:41,320
Speaker 1: got the charts. If you're reviewing like, it'd be great.

960
01:09:41,479 --> 01:09:43,280
Speaker 1: It would just be good for me, it would be nice.

961
01:09:43,400 --> 01:09:46,520
Speaker 1: I would enjoy it, and I would enjoy the positivity

962
01:09:47,040 --> 01:09:52,559
Speaker 1: to be honest, and so with that it is oh yeah,

963
01:09:52,600 --> 01:09:54,320
Speaker 1: follow me on the socials. But on top of that,

964
01:09:54,600 --> 01:10:03,719
Speaker 1: it's recommendation time, I think, for recommendation for reading Ramping

965
01:10:03,920 --> 01:10:06,960
Speaker 1: Up Rights by Rachel Charlton Daily. It is a bit

966
01:10:07,000 --> 01:10:12,360
Speaker 1: about disability rights by a disabled journalist and author. Rachel

967
01:10:12,479 --> 01:10:15,719
Speaker 1: is amazing. Go get her book. Okay, go buy her book.

968
01:10:15,880 --> 01:10:21,400
Speaker 1: Buy it now for watching. Like I feel like I

969
01:10:21,479 --> 01:10:24,320
Speaker 1: should say Superman because I've heard many many things and

970
01:10:24,360 --> 01:10:26,479
Speaker 1: that it is not subtle. I haven't seen it yet,

971
01:10:26,960 --> 01:10:29,040
Speaker 1: so I feel like I shouldn't actually be recommending it

972
01:10:29,080 --> 01:10:31,160
Speaker 1: to you. Let me see now, Okay. So I just

973
01:10:31,280 --> 01:10:35,960
Speaker 1: googled like Hispanic movies or like Hispanic leads and movies.

974
01:10:37,240 --> 01:10:40,639
Speaker 1: Also like basically I just watch anything with Pedro Pasquale.

975
01:10:40,920 --> 01:10:45,200
Speaker 1: But also I was like, oh, they've remade Father of

976
01:10:45,320 --> 01:10:49,920
Speaker 1: the Bride and I didn't know, like Andy Garcia isn't

977
01:10:50,000 --> 01:10:56,040
Speaker 1: Father of the Bride, Like I haven't seen that. How

978
01:10:56,120 --> 01:10:58,080
Speaker 1: did I miss? This came out? It came out in

979
01:10:58,120 --> 01:11:02,600
Speaker 1: twenty twenty two. I'm gonna watch this. I have to

980
01:11:02,680 --> 01:11:05,160
Speaker 1: see this now. I love Father the Bread because I

981
01:11:05,280 --> 01:11:09,840
Speaker 1: love the Originals movies, which is probably I don't know

982
01:11:09,960 --> 01:11:12,000
Speaker 1: if they've aged well, but I'm going to find out.

983
01:11:12,240 --> 01:11:14,280
Speaker 1: And I'm also gonna watch this, so that's something we

984
01:11:14,400 --> 01:11:20,120
Speaker 1: can do as a team. Okay, that and for listening, actually,

985
01:11:21,280 --> 01:11:25,760
Speaker 1: let me see now for listening, Oh my goodness, this

986
01:11:25,880 --> 01:11:28,200
Speaker 1: is not a recommendation. This is actually an anti recommendation.

987
01:11:28,400 --> 01:11:31,400
Speaker 1: So I was I was having a little nose here,

988
01:11:32,120 --> 01:11:34,800
Speaker 1: you know, even the Royals, because sometimes you know there'll

989
01:11:34,840 --> 01:11:37,160
Speaker 1: be something that I'll want to hear about or someone.

990
01:11:38,000 --> 01:11:40,120
Speaker 1: And as I was scrolling because I haven't listened to

991
01:11:40,160 --> 01:11:44,320
Speaker 1: them in like for yolks, and they had a two

992
01:11:44,360 --> 01:11:50,360
Speaker 1: part on Grace O'Malley, not Gronomalley, the Irish pirate queen.

993
01:11:50,600 --> 01:11:54,960
Speaker 1: Apparently partly they couldn't get her name right. Apparently they

994
01:11:55,040 --> 01:11:57,840
Speaker 1: can give everybody else the right name, but they can't

995
01:11:57,880 --> 01:12:00,840
Speaker 1: give it to Gronia for some reason. And I've done

996
01:12:00,920 --> 01:12:03,400
Speaker 1: ads for them before, like I've had a host red

997
01:12:03,439 --> 01:12:07,040
Speaker 1: ad on this, like for even the Royals, and now

998
01:12:08,320 --> 01:12:11,519
Speaker 1: that's not happening again. So if you ever hear my

999
01:12:11,680 --> 01:12:14,880
Speaker 1: voice talking about even the Royals, please know that that's

1000
01:12:15,360 --> 01:12:20,240
Speaker 1: old and not new, because I will not be involved

1001
01:12:20,280 --> 01:12:23,200
Speaker 1: in that like I I mean, I simply cannot to

1002
01:12:23,280 --> 01:12:26,080
Speaker 1: be honest, like I can't. I just can't be in

1003
01:12:26,160 --> 01:12:29,320
Speaker 1: it because I know it's such a weird line in

1004
01:12:29,400 --> 01:12:32,720
Speaker 1: the sand for some people. But it's her fucking name,

1005
01:12:34,040 --> 01:12:37,200
Speaker 1: Like call her by her name. It's not that hard.

1006
01:12:37,560 --> 01:12:43,360
Speaker 1: It's not hard. Right. If someone again like earlier on,

1007
01:12:43,560 --> 01:12:46,519
Speaker 1: was struggling to pronounce things, you give it a go, right.

1008
01:12:47,000 --> 01:12:49,200
Speaker 1: If you still bugger it up in the end, you

1009
01:12:49,400 --> 01:12:51,600
Speaker 1: did your best, which I think is kind of like

1010
01:12:51,680 --> 01:12:54,680
Speaker 1: the important part. Like if you can say yawn, you

1011
01:12:54,720 --> 01:12:57,360
Speaker 1: can say gron like it's not it's not gone, damn it.

1012
01:12:57,680 --> 01:13:01,000
Speaker 1: So let me give you someone who who does know

1013
01:13:01,120 --> 01:13:04,679
Speaker 1: what she's doing. You're gonna listen to the Lovely, Amazing,

1014
01:13:05,120 --> 01:13:10,799
Speaker 1: fabulous TK from For the Love of History podcast because

1015
01:13:11,040 --> 01:13:13,920
Speaker 1: she pronounced his names correctly, or she gives it a

1016
01:13:14,120 --> 01:13:18,360
Speaker 1: good college try. Okay, she does her best, you know what.

1017
01:13:18,760 --> 01:13:22,599
Speaker 1: So that that's my recommendations. And with that, I better

1018
01:13:22,680 --> 01:13:26,080
Speaker 1: go before I get to stress. So ah, with that,

1019
01:13:27,240 --> 01:13:32,080
Speaker 1: I shall bid you good day. Arios au Revoir of

1020
01:13:32,200 --> 01:13:34,519
Speaker 1: Who Is Them? My friends, bye bye.