1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:03,560 Speaker 1: Welcome to the show. Today's classic episode is about a 2 00:00:03,840 --> 00:00:07,520 Speaker 1: very real conspiracy. As a matter of fact, a lot 3 00:00:07,560 --> 00:00:11,639 Speaker 1: of world events are the result of conspiracies, and this 4 00:00:11,720 --> 00:00:17,200 Speaker 1: one is a story about a group called the Black Hands. 5 00:00:17,360 --> 00:00:20,439 Speaker 1: You may not have heard of them, but they fundamentally 6 00:00:20,920 --> 00:00:24,520 Speaker 1: affected your life regardless of where you are now. I 7 00:00:24,560 --> 00:00:27,280 Speaker 1: don't want to spoil much in this intersection. Let's jump 8 00:00:27,360 --> 00:00:32,080 Speaker 1: right in. This is a really cool topic. From UFOs 9 00:00:32,159 --> 00:00:36,199 Speaker 1: to psychic powers and government conspiracies. History is riddled with 10 00:00:36,320 --> 00:00:40,440 Speaker 1: unexplained events. You can turn back now or learn the 11 00:00:40,479 --> 00:00:56,560 Speaker 1: stuff they don't want you to know. Hello, Welcome back 12 00:00:56,560 --> 00:00:58,800 Speaker 1: to the show. My name is Matt, my name is Noah. 13 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:00,520 Speaker 1: They called me Ben you have or so are you? 14 00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:03,600 Speaker 1: And that makes this stuff they don't want you to know. 15 00:01:04,200 --> 00:01:09,600 Speaker 1: Today we're delving into a conspiracy, a conspiracy theory more 16 00:01:09,640 --> 00:01:12,839 Speaker 1: than one years old, and it's one that still affects 17 00:01:12,880 --> 00:01:15,440 Speaker 1: the world today. Something that sounds like a story just 18 00:01:15,560 --> 00:01:19,280 Speaker 1: ripped straight from some kind of Tom Clancy political filler, 19 00:01:19,400 --> 00:01:22,640 Speaker 1: but it actually happened, and a lot of ways. It's 20 00:01:22,720 --> 00:01:26,760 Speaker 1: really about this bigger idea that a single person can, 21 00:01:26,959 --> 00:01:30,600 Speaker 1: for better or worse, actually change the world. It's like 22 00:01:30,600 --> 00:01:34,440 Speaker 1: what your mom told you, only true. Yeah, it's uh so, 23 00:01:34,560 --> 00:01:40,560 Speaker 1: travel back with us, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the 24 00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:46,360 Speaker 1: early twenty century. There are all sorts of dramatic breakthroughs 25 00:01:46,440 --> 00:01:53,560 Speaker 1: in technology, they're all sorts of fundamentally historic human moments. 26 00:01:53,600 --> 00:01:58,200 Speaker 1: But unbeknownst to most, the world was inching closer and 27 00:01:58,320 --> 00:02:02,680 Speaker 1: closer to a deadly global conflict. And it's what we 28 00:02:02,800 --> 00:02:06,520 Speaker 1: today referred to as World War One. What was World 29 00:02:06,560 --> 00:02:09,000 Speaker 1: War One? You ask, Well, we shall tell you starting 30 00:02:09,000 --> 00:02:11,280 Speaker 1: with the fact that World War One began in July 31 00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:15,960 Speaker 1: of nineteen fourteen and lasted until November of nineteen eighteen. 32 00:02:16,160 --> 00:02:20,080 Speaker 1: And during that time, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and the 33 00:02:20,120 --> 00:02:23,640 Speaker 1: Ottoman Empire also known as the Central Powers, fought against 34 00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:27,880 Speaker 1: Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan, and the United 35 00:02:27,919 --> 00:02:31,200 Speaker 1: States a k a. The Allied Powers. And thanks to 36 00:02:31,639 --> 00:02:34,799 Speaker 1: a lot of this new technology been alluded to earlier, 37 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:39,880 Speaker 1: we're talking about trench warfare, mustard gas, all kinds of 38 00:02:39,960 --> 00:02:42,960 Speaker 1: the types of tank that you could build at that time. 39 00:02:43,720 --> 00:02:47,359 Speaker 1: It's the unprecedented levels World War One did of carnage 40 00:02:47,440 --> 00:02:54,240 Speaker 1: and just human destruction, just utter, utter, in humane brutality, atrocities. 41 00:02:54,680 --> 00:02:59,680 Speaker 1: And by the time this conflict was over, the Allied 42 00:02:59,720 --> 00:03:04,240 Speaker 1: powers claimed victory. But it's at best epyric victory because 43 00:03:04,280 --> 00:03:07,519 Speaker 1: we're talking about a death toll of more than sixteen 44 00:03:07,919 --> 00:03:10,680 Speaker 1: million people, civilians and soldiers alike. I mean, with the 45 00:03:10,680 --> 00:03:13,040 Speaker 1: technology that we have now and the way we can 46 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:17,320 Speaker 1: target air strikes, our casualty rates just pale in comparison 47 00:03:17,680 --> 00:03:19,320 Speaker 1: to what we're talking about here. I mean, this was 48 00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:24,080 Speaker 1: just astronomical numbers and whole buddy. If you think that 49 00:03:24,160 --> 00:03:27,960 Speaker 1: European political relations are complicated and screwing, now are you 50 00:03:28,080 --> 00:03:31,359 Speaker 1: in for a wild ride. In the early twentie century, 51 00:03:31,560 --> 00:03:34,840 Speaker 1: Europe was very much a continent in transition, with a 52 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:41,360 Speaker 1: quagmire of ever shifting alliances, rival powers, and often contradictory aims. 53 00:03:41,680 --> 00:03:44,480 Speaker 1: And when I when we say like a continent in transition, 54 00:03:44,840 --> 00:03:50,840 Speaker 1: there were powerhouse economies like Austria, Hungary and Germany, and 55 00:03:50,880 --> 00:03:53,440 Speaker 1: then there were places like Poland. And this is a 56 00:03:53,480 --> 00:03:57,080 Speaker 1: war where occasionally there would be a group of people 57 00:03:57,120 --> 00:04:00,720 Speaker 1: with tanks and a group of people on horses. Yeah, 58 00:04:00,760 --> 00:04:03,720 Speaker 1: which is which very strange, sounds like time travel gone wrong. 59 00:04:04,640 --> 00:04:09,000 Speaker 1: Even now, a hundred years later, century more later, scholars 60 00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:12,680 Speaker 1: and historians continue to debate the causes of this war. 61 00:04:13,160 --> 00:04:15,280 Speaker 1: We have a little overview for you of some of 62 00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:19,000 Speaker 1: the most often cited contributing factors. One of the biggest ones, 63 00:04:19,240 --> 00:04:22,919 Speaker 1: it's this concept of mutual defense agreements, So countries that 64 00:04:23,040 --> 00:04:27,159 Speaker 1: have signed contracts, treaties between them where if one nation 65 00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:31,400 Speaker 1: gets attacked, the other one will step in to defend it. Um. 66 00:04:31,480 --> 00:04:34,480 Speaker 1: So you've got all these allied countries that were required 67 00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:39,839 Speaker 1: through these contractual agreements to defend other countries. Um. There 68 00:04:39,839 --> 00:04:44,919 Speaker 1: were all kinds of alliances, Russia and Serbia, Germany and Austria, Hungary, 69 00:04:45,320 --> 00:04:49,640 Speaker 1: France and Russia, Britain and France and Belgium and Japan 70 00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:52,200 Speaker 1: and Britain. And you can already see or you can 71 00:04:52,360 --> 00:04:55,920 Speaker 1: imagine with all of these different groups, if a single 72 00:04:55,920 --> 00:04:58,800 Speaker 1: one of these gets attacked, it's going to create this 73 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:02,840 Speaker 1: lethal domino effects. Yeah, and and several are a multiple list, right, 74 00:05:02,960 --> 00:05:05,440 Speaker 1: Like Russia is on two lists. They have an agreement 75 00:05:05,440 --> 00:05:10,359 Speaker 1: with Serbia and France. So I don't talk about too 76 00:05:10,480 --> 00:05:13,520 Speaker 1: much of my past. As you guys know, I was 77 00:05:13,680 --> 00:05:17,040 Speaker 1: at a time very close to joining the State Department 78 00:05:17,320 --> 00:05:22,240 Speaker 1: before what I would call irreconcilable creative differences. Let us apart. 79 00:05:22,800 --> 00:05:25,240 Speaker 1: And one of the one of the things that always 80 00:05:25,240 --> 00:05:29,560 Speaker 1: got me is, although international relations are very very complicated, 81 00:05:29,920 --> 00:05:33,720 Speaker 1: there is one or two there are a couple of 82 00:05:33,760 --> 00:05:38,239 Speaker 1: great analogies. And one is, although it can be daunting 83 00:05:38,240 --> 00:05:40,960 Speaker 1: to hear all these names thrown around, don't picture these 84 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:45,880 Speaker 1: countries as nations. Picture the world as a house party, 85 00:05:46,320 --> 00:05:49,000 Speaker 1: and every nation is a person at this house party, 86 00:05:50,520 --> 00:05:56,280 Speaker 1: and there's a limited amount of beer or chips, and 87 00:05:56,320 --> 00:05:59,839 Speaker 1: everybody's making deals with each other to say how they're 88 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:04,960 Speaker 1: going to divide the stuff up right? And inevitably are 89 00:06:04,960 --> 00:06:07,600 Speaker 1: they ruffles something goes wrong? Well, of course the ruffles man, 90 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:10,200 Speaker 1: this is a big time. Is their onion dip? You 91 00:06:10,240 --> 00:06:13,800 Speaker 1: know that's a good question. Homemade? You gotta be careful 92 00:06:13,800 --> 00:06:15,800 Speaker 1: with onion dip? You know it's not They're not not. 93 00:06:15,839 --> 00:06:17,840 Speaker 1: All onion dips are created equal. And if you have 94 00:06:17,880 --> 00:06:19,560 Speaker 1: a good recipe for one, do send it to us. 95 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:23,560 Speaker 1: You can dip into this description here. Sure, yeah, onion 96 00:06:23,600 --> 00:06:27,520 Speaker 1: dip would be another another resource. Let's say onion dip 97 00:06:27,800 --> 00:06:31,720 Speaker 1: was onion dip would be like oil in that case, right, 98 00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:38,600 Speaker 1: beers oil because there's so much okay al and they're 99 00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:41,400 Speaker 1: running out and you can already see, as Matt said, 100 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:45,159 Speaker 1: this lethal domino effect. So what happened in uh World 101 00:06:45,160 --> 00:06:48,880 Speaker 1: War one is it's gonna sound a little bit complicated. 102 00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:50,919 Speaker 1: We do want to make sure everybody knows when we 103 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:54,240 Speaker 1: say Austria Hungary it's with a hyphen because that was 104 00:06:54,320 --> 00:06:59,640 Speaker 1: one country, all right. So Austria Hungary declared war on 105 00:06:59,720 --> 00:07:02,880 Speaker 1: served be a. Russia got involved because they're type with Serbia. 106 00:07:03,320 --> 00:07:06,880 Speaker 1: Germany saw Russia mobilizing and they declared war on Russia. 107 00:07:07,080 --> 00:07:09,279 Speaker 1: And then France had to had to hang out because 108 00:07:09,279 --> 00:07:11,280 Speaker 1: they have an agreement with Russia, and so they were 109 00:07:11,280 --> 00:07:16,000 Speaker 1: going against Germany and Austria Hungary. Germany attacked France through Belgium, 110 00:07:16,080 --> 00:07:18,440 Speaker 1: and when Belgium got pulled in, that meant that Britain 111 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:20,720 Speaker 1: had to go in, and then Japan was like also 112 00:07:20,880 --> 00:07:24,600 Speaker 1: me and then later Italy and the US would enter, 113 00:07:24,720 --> 00:07:28,080 Speaker 1: but not at the beginning. That's just that's just one illustration. 114 00:07:28,120 --> 00:07:30,720 Speaker 1: That's just one contributing factor, and there are other ones too. 115 00:07:31,080 --> 00:07:33,360 Speaker 1: Any of the US also kind of has always, even 116 00:07:33,360 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 1: like in World War two, had this sense that oh, 117 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:38,640 Speaker 1: this isn't for us. This is where not this is 118 00:07:38,640 --> 00:07:41,520 Speaker 1: that everybody else's problem. We're kind of listening to it 119 00:07:41,520 --> 00:07:43,760 Speaker 1: on the radio and hanging back. But then there's this 120 00:07:43,840 --> 00:07:46,840 Speaker 1: sense that, crap, maybe maybe we are going to get 121 00:07:46,880 --> 00:07:49,280 Speaker 1: pulled into this mess and then of course inevitably that's 122 00:07:49,280 --> 00:07:52,240 Speaker 1: what happens. Yeah, we very much an isolationist country for 123 00:07:52,280 --> 00:07:57,840 Speaker 1: a long time. Totally just imagining the house party, bro, Bro, 124 00:07:58,000 --> 00:08:01,120 Speaker 1: what are you doing? Brom? And they going in, they 125 00:08:01,160 --> 00:08:03,400 Speaker 1: have to they have to get involved us. Your hands 126 00:08:03,440 --> 00:08:07,680 Speaker 1: off my yetti? Bro. The U s is also separated 127 00:08:07,720 --> 00:08:11,360 Speaker 1: by two oceans and resource rich. So at this party, 128 00:08:11,680 --> 00:08:16,720 Speaker 1: they're like in somebody else's room, eating their own food, 129 00:08:17,880 --> 00:08:20,880 Speaker 1: rubbing their own yetti. They're like, wow, this sounds rough 130 00:08:20,920 --> 00:08:24,040 Speaker 1: out there. Yeah, rubbing your yetti is not a euphemism. Yeah, 131 00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:26,200 Speaker 1: what is a YETI it's a it's a fancy cooler. 132 00:08:27,040 --> 00:08:31,440 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah, but now that phrase rubbing their own yetti 133 00:08:31,560 --> 00:08:36,480 Speaker 1: is gonna stick with people. Hey, what's imperialism? Good question, Ben, 134 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:39,520 Speaker 1: I'm glad you asked. As it turns out, imperialism is 135 00:08:39,520 --> 00:08:41,880 Speaker 1: a whole lot like a yetti cooler, not at all. 136 00:08:41,920 --> 00:08:44,559 Speaker 1: Though before World War One, you see Africa and parts 137 00:08:44,559 --> 00:08:48,640 Speaker 1: of Asia were points of contention in UM well among 138 00:08:48,840 --> 00:08:52,040 Speaker 1: rather the European countries. So many European countries they sought 139 00:08:52,040 --> 00:08:55,880 Speaker 1: to expand their spheres of influence by building empires. So 140 00:08:56,320 --> 00:08:59,720 Speaker 1: with the U S functioning as an independent entity all 141 00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:02,559 Speaker 1: on its own and that isolationist way we just described, 142 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:06,959 Speaker 1: Europeans were forced to make trade deals with US. The US, 143 00:09:07,040 --> 00:09:09,600 Speaker 1: which at the time and it continues to be quite 144 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:13,680 Speaker 1: resource risks, is an important source of natural resources for 145 00:09:13,880 --> 00:09:16,000 Speaker 1: some of these other countries. So rather than enjoying the 146 00:09:16,040 --> 00:09:20,880 Speaker 1: advantages of mercantilism, they had to deal with like with 147 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:26,000 Speaker 1: peers uh in in African and Asian societies. However, this 148 00:09:26,040 --> 00:09:28,960 Speaker 1: meant that they would continue to bear the brunt of 149 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:36,600 Speaker 1: brutal colonial actions resource extraction. Why pay for a mind 150 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:40,040 Speaker 1: or give people a living wage when you can go 151 00:09:40,120 --> 00:09:42,640 Speaker 1: in and plunder and murder them. It used to be 152 00:09:42,679 --> 00:09:45,640 Speaker 1: in a hardcore band called Brutal Colonial Action. Oh yeah, 153 00:09:46,280 --> 00:09:52,319 Speaker 1: what what instrument did you play? The muskett? Oh yeah, 154 00:09:52,360 --> 00:09:54,640 Speaker 1: I'm familiar with your work. Man. Takes a long time 155 00:09:54,679 --> 00:09:56,680 Speaker 1: to play a and now it really does. Yeah. It's 156 00:09:56,679 --> 00:09:59,319 Speaker 1: like it's like you're the guy with the symbols who's 157 00:09:59,320 --> 00:10:03,600 Speaker 1: all in every large orchestra, who's just waiting for that shot. 158 00:10:03,760 --> 00:10:09,920 Speaker 1: They weren't using muskets in World War One. We're just 159 00:10:09,960 --> 00:10:12,679 Speaker 1: time traveling. Man. It's cool. Stuff gets, you know, stuff 160 00:10:12,679 --> 00:10:15,360 Speaker 1: gets like woven in. I guarantee you someone had a musket. 161 00:10:15,920 --> 00:10:18,680 Speaker 1: I guarantee you're not gonna throw away a perfectly good musket. 162 00:10:19,200 --> 00:10:23,240 Speaker 1: So the raw materials and the resources these places could 163 00:10:23,280 --> 00:10:27,160 Speaker 1: provide were seen as crucial to many European nations, not 164 00:10:27,280 --> 00:10:30,680 Speaker 1: just for expansion, but for maintenance and functioning right and 165 00:10:31,480 --> 00:10:35,640 Speaker 1: increasing competition. This desire for larger and larger empires led 166 00:10:35,679 --> 00:10:40,800 Speaker 1: to an increase in military confrontations and skirmishes, which leads 167 00:10:40,840 --> 00:10:44,200 Speaker 1: us to another cause. Militarism and arms race began at 168 00:10:44,200 --> 00:10:47,280 Speaker 1: the dawn of the twentieth century. By nineteen fourteen, Germany 169 00:10:47,320 --> 00:10:50,080 Speaker 1: at the largest build up Great Britain and Germany really 170 00:10:50,920 --> 00:10:55,400 Speaker 1: significantly increase their naval forces. And this is very important. 171 00:10:55,520 --> 00:10:59,920 Speaker 1: In Germany and Russia especially, the military became an increasing 172 00:11:00,080 --> 00:11:05,679 Speaker 1: the dominant force in politics and public policy, exerting massive influence. 173 00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:09,960 Speaker 1: And remember when you're a hammer, everything looks like a nail, yeah, 174 00:11:10,040 --> 00:11:14,680 Speaker 1: and then comes in this wonderful thing called nationalism. That 175 00:11:14,840 --> 00:11:18,160 Speaker 1: is a double edged sword, but it can do great 176 00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:22,400 Speaker 1: things as well. Um. So each of these separate nations 177 00:11:22,760 --> 00:11:27,320 Speaker 1: wants to be the big potato. That's not a big 178 00:11:27,320 --> 00:11:30,480 Speaker 1: potato potato of a bunch, you know. They want to 179 00:11:30,480 --> 00:11:34,120 Speaker 1: have the largest amount of influence, resource control, economic wealth 180 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:36,720 Speaker 1: within their country and all kinds of trade with other 181 00:11:36,720 --> 00:11:39,959 Speaker 1: countries like the most delicious wedges. Yeah, and they have 182 00:11:40,120 --> 00:11:43,440 Speaker 1: like the sour cream and chives. They they want to 183 00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:48,480 Speaker 1: be the big cheese potato. So past, past wars and 184 00:11:48,520 --> 00:11:51,360 Speaker 1: all these battles that have occurred throughout history up until 185 00:11:51,400 --> 00:11:54,000 Speaker 1: this time had drawn all these national borders. But in 186 00:11:54,120 --> 00:11:59,080 Speaker 1: various countries there are ethnic minorities they consider themselves unfairly 187 00:11:59,160 --> 00:12:02,800 Speaker 1: lumped into one of these nations, like under control of 188 00:12:02,960 --> 00:12:06,400 Speaker 1: perhaps laws that they don't agree with because that line 189 00:12:06,520 --> 00:12:09,320 Speaker 1: got drawn. Would that be similar to like the Israeli 190 00:12:09,360 --> 00:12:12,760 Speaker 1: Palestinian issue? It would be. It would be similar because 191 00:12:12,800 --> 00:12:16,560 Speaker 1: there would be people who in the in in the 192 00:12:16,640 --> 00:12:20,040 Speaker 1: United Nations. Maybe maybe another example would be like the Balkans. 193 00:12:20,080 --> 00:12:26,200 Speaker 1: But in the United Nations viewing of a country, it 194 00:12:26,320 --> 00:12:30,360 Speaker 1: just goes by what everybody else agreed forms the borders 195 00:12:30,400 --> 00:12:34,920 Speaker 1: of that country and for instance, in parts of the 196 00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:39,199 Speaker 1: African continent, the borders were specifically and purposely drawn to 197 00:12:39,360 --> 00:12:44,400 Speaker 1: separate concentrations of communities or tribes, right, and that's where 198 00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:47,480 Speaker 1: you go, that's where you arrive at things like, um 199 00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:52,079 Speaker 1: the war in Rwanda where the Hutu and the Tutsi 200 00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:56,920 Speaker 1: had a a brutal, brutal war. That's yeah, I get that. 201 00:12:56,960 --> 00:12:59,000 Speaker 1: Then that's a great example. It's also kind of like 202 00:12:59,040 --> 00:13:02,480 Speaker 1: in India, the border regions of Indian Pakistan. There's all 203 00:13:02,559 --> 00:13:04,680 Speaker 1: kinds of conflicts that occurred there because of some of 204 00:13:04,720 --> 00:13:08,480 Speaker 1: these differences. I'll tell you what though, that ceremony where 205 00:13:08,480 --> 00:13:12,040 Speaker 1: they closed and open the gate is amazing, one of 206 00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:15,120 Speaker 1: my favorite YouTube things to do. Fifteen minutes long and 207 00:13:15,160 --> 00:13:18,800 Speaker 1: it's worth every second. So specifically, much of the origin 208 00:13:18,840 --> 00:13:21,000 Speaker 1: of World War One was based on the desire of 209 00:13:21,120 --> 00:13:25,120 Speaker 1: Slavic people in Bosnia and Herzegovina to break off from 210 00:13:25,160 --> 00:13:28,280 Speaker 1: the country of Austria Hungary and become part of a 211 00:13:28,360 --> 00:13:32,240 Speaker 1: greater United Serbia, because they're like, why are you in control? 212 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:36,600 Speaker 1: We're Serbian, We're not Austrian, you know. But there was 213 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:38,960 Speaker 1: one more thing, a match to the powder keg. With 214 00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:42,439 Speaker 1: all these burgeoning tensions, rivalries and races for riches. It 215 00:13:42,520 --> 00:13:45,400 Speaker 1: seemed Europe was teetering on the brink of calamity, and 216 00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:50,080 Speaker 1: all it would take it's one more push. That was 217 00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:55,760 Speaker 1: the push. Yeah, so actually it was more like that push, yeah, exactly. 218 00:13:55,840 --> 00:13:59,160 Speaker 1: Was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on the twenty 219 00:13:59,240 --> 00:14:01,960 Speaker 1: eighth of June inten. Can we just take this opportunity 220 00:14:01,960 --> 00:14:03,880 Speaker 1: real quick to say that Franz Ferdinand was a pretty 221 00:14:03,920 --> 00:14:06,400 Speaker 1: underrated band. Whatever happened to those guys? They still around. 222 00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:08,320 Speaker 1: I wonder if they listened to the show. They've got 223 00:14:08,320 --> 00:14:10,800 Speaker 1: to be around, you think, so, yeah, they're probably still 224 00:14:10,800 --> 00:14:13,000 Speaker 1: are in contact with each other. What about the Arctic Monkeys. 225 00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:16,120 Speaker 1: They're definitely to get there. They had a huge album 226 00:14:16,240 --> 00:14:18,360 Speaker 1: just a year or two couple of years ago, and 227 00:14:18,440 --> 00:14:22,640 Speaker 1: I think that one guy might go solo, the lead monkey, 228 00:14:22,720 --> 00:14:26,680 Speaker 1: the monkey, the main monkey. Well, anyway, this banded and 229 00:14:26,960 --> 00:14:30,400 Speaker 1: we're talking about get their name from Archduke Franz Ferdinand, 230 00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:33,960 Speaker 1: who was assassinated on the twenty June in nineteen fourteen. 231 00:14:34,160 --> 00:14:36,560 Speaker 1: And while many of the circumstances leading to the war 232 00:14:36,880 --> 00:14:40,640 Speaker 1: were totally in place at this point, Um and the 233 00:14:40,680 --> 00:14:43,200 Speaker 1: war may have at this point ultimately been considered to 234 00:14:43,200 --> 00:14:50,160 Speaker 1: be inevitable. The death of this single elite aristocrat was 235 00:14:50,840 --> 00:14:55,320 Speaker 1: the match that lit the fuse of aforementioned powder keg Yes, 236 00:14:55,440 --> 00:14:59,480 Speaker 1: the feather that broke the camel's back, The penny that 237 00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:03,840 Speaker 1: shattered the training station. The badger that broke out of 238 00:15:03,840 --> 00:15:08,960 Speaker 1: the bag and massacred everyone. Yeah, yep, the final potato 239 00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:12,200 Speaker 1: they got microwaved a little too long. Nope, No, not 240 00:15:12,240 --> 00:15:14,640 Speaker 1: that one. No, keep it. The dog who kept barking 241 00:15:14,640 --> 00:15:17,840 Speaker 1: at the son of Sam. All right. So this death 242 00:15:18,400 --> 00:15:21,000 Speaker 1: was the result of one of the westerns world's most 243 00:15:21,320 --> 00:15:27,160 Speaker 1: significant conspiracies. Have you heard of the Black Hand, Well 244 00:15:27,280 --> 00:15:29,280 Speaker 1: you will hear about it right after a word from 245 00:15:29,280 --> 00:15:43,240 Speaker 1: our sponsor. Here's where it gets crazy. The Black Hand, 246 00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:48,120 Speaker 1: also known as Unification or Death, was a secret military 247 00:15:48,160 --> 00:15:52,040 Speaker 1: society formed in May of nineteen eleven by officers in 248 00:15:52,080 --> 00:15:55,440 Speaker 1: the Army of the Kingdom of Serbia. They were hell 249 00:15:55,520 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 1: bent or leather on uniting all of the territories with 250 00:16:00,400 --> 00:16:05,280 Speaker 1: a South Slavik majority not ruled by either Serbia or Montenegro. 251 00:16:06,160 --> 00:16:09,520 Speaker 1: The precursor of this secret group it already assassinated the 252 00:16:09,560 --> 00:16:13,240 Speaker 1: Serbian royal couple in h three. Both the Black Hand 253 00:16:13,320 --> 00:16:16,520 Speaker 1: and its precursor were led by a fellow named Captain 254 00:16:16,680 --> 00:16:21,800 Speaker 1: Draguten Dmitrievich, often called by the code name at This, 255 00:16:22,160 --> 00:16:25,400 Speaker 1: which is a god from Egyptian mythology. And I do 256 00:16:25,440 --> 00:16:29,560 Speaker 1: want to say that none of us are Serbians, so 257 00:16:30,080 --> 00:16:35,320 Speaker 1: we are not going to pronounce these names as native speakers. Yes, 258 00:16:35,680 --> 00:16:39,080 Speaker 1: thank you, Ben, You're correct. So what is this Black 259 00:16:39,120 --> 00:16:44,760 Speaker 1: Hand conspiracy? Although other than sounding like an amazing band name. Well, okay, 260 00:16:44,760 --> 00:16:47,160 Speaker 1: so then you have to go back to nineteen eleven, 261 00:16:47,640 --> 00:16:52,240 Speaker 1: and that's when this group tried to assassinate friends Joseph 262 00:16:52,360 --> 00:16:55,840 Speaker 1: he was the current at that time ruler of Austria Hungary. 263 00:16:55,960 --> 00:16:58,920 Speaker 1: Um the student. He's an old gentleman, he's in his eighties. 264 00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:03,680 Speaker 1: And for a couple of reasons, they failed. And then 265 00:17:03,760 --> 00:17:07,040 Speaker 1: they turned their attention to this dude's heir, who was 266 00:17:07,119 --> 00:17:11,760 Speaker 1: Franz Ferdinand. Yes, uh, this is this is a tricky 267 00:17:11,800 --> 00:17:17,040 Speaker 1: part of history. So APIs APIs the captain, the leader 268 00:17:17,040 --> 00:17:20,920 Speaker 1: of the Black Hand, wanted Franz Ferdinand dead, not because 269 00:17:20,960 --> 00:17:25,359 Speaker 1: he was a pressing the Slavic minority living in his 270 00:17:25,920 --> 00:17:28,480 Speaker 1: kingdom under his rule, but because he was planning to 271 00:17:28,520 --> 00:17:32,399 Speaker 1: make important concessions to the South Slavs that he controlled. 272 00:17:32,800 --> 00:17:35,080 Speaker 1: This would make the Black Hand's dream of a unified 273 00:17:35,080 --> 00:17:38,000 Speaker 1: Serbia much much more difficult. Why would you throw a 274 00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:42,920 Speaker 1: revolution if your home country is making improvements on its own. Yeah, 275 00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:45,760 Speaker 1: they're just seeing or they're imagining. They're gonna be these 276 00:17:45,760 --> 00:17:49,600 Speaker 1: small incremental moves right that it's going to take idle decades, 277 00:17:49,720 --> 00:17:53,080 Speaker 1: maybe centuries to get what they want. Let's do it quickly. 278 00:17:53,200 --> 00:17:55,840 Speaker 1: Pull that band aid off. And the Black Hand was 279 00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:58,520 Speaker 1: not acting alone and worked in concert with another group 280 00:17:58,720 --> 00:18:02,640 Speaker 1: named No Rod not Old Browna and its satellite organizations, 281 00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:07,280 Speaker 1: particularly a group named Young Bosnia Rolda Bruna was older 282 00:18:07,280 --> 00:18:09,800 Speaker 1: and more established. So this gave the Black Hand massive 283 00:18:09,840 --> 00:18:15,720 Speaker 1: street cred. So by en UM, the Conspiracy UH had 284 00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:20,360 Speaker 1: at larged to a membership including hundreds of individuals, many 285 00:18:20,400 --> 00:18:23,920 Speaker 1: of whom were officers in the Serbian army. They trained 286 00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:28,720 Speaker 1: guerilla fighters and taught saboteurs, similar in many ways to 287 00:18:28,960 --> 00:18:32,119 Speaker 1: the way current intelligence agencies trained revolutionaries in other countries. 288 00:18:32,160 --> 00:18:35,719 Speaker 1: And it's not easy to keep an international revolutionary terrorists 289 00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:41,760 Speaker 1: freedom fighter organization ring a secret. Hard takes the work 290 00:18:41,760 --> 00:18:43,720 Speaker 1: of many SO members had very little knowledge of the 291 00:18:43,760 --> 00:18:46,520 Speaker 1: overall organization. It was on a need to know basis. 292 00:18:46,560 --> 00:18:49,280 Speaker 1: They would know only the member of their cell and 293 00:18:49,440 --> 00:18:52,399 Speaker 1: one superior who gave them orders. Yeah, it feels a 294 00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:55,399 Speaker 1: lot like secret societies that we looked into in the past, 295 00:18:55,640 --> 00:18:57,879 Speaker 1: or possibly the way modern day terrorist cells are operated 296 00:18:57,960 --> 00:19:00,720 Speaker 1: in the government the military, Like you may not know 297 00:19:01,080 --> 00:19:04,399 Speaker 1: who's functioning. They're called sales because they're self contained, right, 298 00:19:04,440 --> 00:19:07,080 Speaker 1: They don't have a line to others. They cannot give 299 00:19:07,119 --> 00:19:09,560 Speaker 1: information that would lead to the capture of anyone outside 300 00:19:09,560 --> 00:19:12,840 Speaker 1: of their little unit, and they can function independently. So this, 301 00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:16,560 Speaker 1: you know, this is a very successful strategy. There's the 302 00:19:16,560 --> 00:19:20,480 Speaker 1: reason people stick with it. The Serbian government, it seems, 303 00:19:20,680 --> 00:19:23,520 Speaker 1: was aware of this force, aware of the Black Hands, 304 00:19:23,600 --> 00:19:25,760 Speaker 1: and at least some of its activities, though they may 305 00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:30,080 Speaker 1: not have known exactly how many people who were supposed 306 00:19:30,080 --> 00:19:31,720 Speaker 1: to be working for the government we're working for the 307 00:19:31,760 --> 00:19:34,199 Speaker 1: Black Hands. This became a nightmarish time to be a 308 00:19:34,240 --> 00:19:37,000 Speaker 1: member of the official government, because once upon a time 309 00:19:37,240 --> 00:19:40,200 Speaker 1: it was politically dangerous to disagree with the Black Hands, 310 00:19:40,320 --> 00:19:43,480 Speaker 1: like disagreeing with a powerful lobbying group and still wanting 311 00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:46,800 Speaker 1: to be in politics here, but by fourteen. It was 312 00:19:46,920 --> 00:19:51,520 Speaker 1: physically dangerous because this group saw politically motivated murders as 313 00:19:51,560 --> 00:19:56,679 Speaker 1: just another tool like out there with you know, pamphlets. 314 00:19:57,520 --> 00:20:00,760 Speaker 1: They oh and distributed some pamphlets and we had to 315 00:20:00,800 --> 00:20:03,920 Speaker 1: shoot this one guy. Don't worry, we made sure everybody 316 00:20:03,960 --> 00:20:05,879 Speaker 1: knew it was us. You ever handled a pamphlet, man, 317 00:20:05,960 --> 00:20:09,520 Speaker 1: those edges will nick you. They are dangerous. Oh yeah, 318 00:20:09,720 --> 00:20:12,040 Speaker 1: I'm sure there's a statistic about how many people are 319 00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:17,399 Speaker 1: grieviously injured by pamphlets. Yeah. If not, then just us 320 00:20:17,440 --> 00:20:19,639 Speaker 1: putting out into the ether will mean that it is 321 00:20:19,720 --> 00:20:23,200 Speaker 1: now created. Someone's gonna right back to us with information 322 00:20:23,200 --> 00:20:26,200 Speaker 1: about pamphlets. Oh my gosh, send us a pamphlet about pamphlets. 323 00:20:26,200 --> 00:20:28,720 Speaker 1: Any pamphlets will do, send them more way. So it's 324 00:20:29,160 --> 00:20:33,080 Speaker 1: commonly believed you better use legitimate postage. Oh yeah, which 325 00:20:33,119 --> 00:20:38,960 Speaker 1: we'll get too later in this episode. So now it 326 00:20:39,080 --> 00:20:42,959 Speaker 1: is believed that Appis recruited six Bosnian Serbs for for 327 00:20:43,000 --> 00:20:46,560 Speaker 1: this assassination attempt, and he was really hoping to exterminate 328 00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:50,120 Speaker 1: friends Ferdinand before he improved, like we said, the life 329 00:20:50,119 --> 00:20:52,760 Speaker 1: for the Serbs in Austria Hungary, and these six men 330 00:20:52,800 --> 00:20:55,639 Speaker 1: were smuggled across the border in an arrangement similar to 331 00:20:55,640 --> 00:20:58,840 Speaker 1: that of the famous underground railroad, and they were trained 332 00:20:58,840 --> 00:21:03,399 Speaker 1: in bomb making, deployment and marksmanship. And now, although the 333 00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:06,919 Speaker 1: prime Minister attempted to stop these guys from leaving the country, 334 00:21:07,200 --> 00:21:10,800 Speaker 1: the official government was largely helpless when attempting to oppose 335 00:21:10,880 --> 00:21:13,480 Speaker 1: these guys though the Black Hand in general, and it 336 00:21:13,560 --> 00:21:16,520 Speaker 1: eaten all of the power structure that existed in the 337 00:21:16,560 --> 00:21:20,000 Speaker 1: country from within. The Black Hand was like this rock 338 00:21:20,280 --> 00:21:22,840 Speaker 1: that was occurring. It was a deep state, as the 339 00:21:22,960 --> 00:21:26,000 Speaker 1: term we would use today. Right to this day, scholars 340 00:21:26,040 --> 00:21:29,479 Speaker 1: don't agree on how since here the prime minister's efforts were. 341 00:21:29,920 --> 00:21:33,119 Speaker 1: Was he really it was a really a matter of 342 00:21:33,200 --> 00:21:35,199 Speaker 1: him having his hands tied, or was he more like 343 00:21:35,880 --> 00:21:40,080 Speaker 1: Gene Wilder and Willy Wonka going oh no, stop, oh please, 344 00:21:40,840 --> 00:21:43,320 Speaker 1: don't fall in the chocolate. Well, one thing's for sure. 345 00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:46,560 Speaker 1: The men, the six terrorists arrived in Sarajevo and kicked 346 00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:48,919 Speaker 1: it for a month, waiting for the time to strike, 347 00:21:49,040 --> 00:21:53,160 Speaker 1: and absolutely nothing was done to stop them. You gotta 348 00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:56,080 Speaker 1: remember it's a little harder to track human beings at 349 00:21:56,119 --> 00:21:59,240 Speaker 1: this time, right, Just to give a little bit of that, 350 00:21:59,359 --> 00:22:03,960 Speaker 1: like yes, yeah, yeah, and let's look at the day off. 351 00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:06,399 Speaker 1: So a month passes. One of the terrorists, the fellow 352 00:22:06,480 --> 00:22:09,639 Speaker 1: named Nadelko, was the first to act. He threw a 353 00:22:09,680 --> 00:22:12,520 Speaker 1: bomb at the Archduke's car. There was a guy who 354 00:22:12,560 --> 00:22:14,399 Speaker 1: was supposed to throw a bomb earlier, but for some 355 00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:18,159 Speaker 1: reason he didn't do it, So he threw the bomb. 356 00:22:18,320 --> 00:22:21,959 Speaker 1: The Archduke Uh, who was with his pregnant wife at 357 00:22:21,960 --> 00:22:25,280 Speaker 1: the time, tried to cover her. The driver said some 358 00:22:25,520 --> 00:22:28,160 Speaker 1: version of like hot pennies. I don't know, I don't 359 00:22:28,160 --> 00:22:30,160 Speaker 1: want to curse on the show, and so he slammed 360 00:22:30,160 --> 00:22:33,480 Speaker 1: on the gas and the bomb. Uh. The guy who 361 00:22:33,480 --> 00:22:35,560 Speaker 1: threw it forgot that the bomb had a ten second delay, 362 00:22:35,680 --> 00:22:37,920 Speaker 1: so it fell off the bumper and hit a car 363 00:22:38,000 --> 00:22:40,760 Speaker 1: of completely innocent people happened to be behind the Archduke. 364 00:22:41,960 --> 00:22:45,640 Speaker 1: And this guy Nadelco had tuberculosis right and had already 365 00:22:45,880 --> 00:22:47,480 Speaker 1: kind of decided this was going to be his last 366 00:22:47,560 --> 00:22:50,879 Speaker 1: Terra total suicide mission. So after throwing the bomb, he 367 00:22:51,080 --> 00:22:54,280 Speaker 1: swallowed a cyanide pill and to make certainty died. He 368 00:22:54,320 --> 00:22:59,879 Speaker 1: also this isn't it's it's it's intense. He also jumped 369 00:23:00,000 --> 00:23:05,280 Speaker 1: into a nearby river. Unfortunately, the pill did not work, 370 00:23:05,400 --> 00:23:07,720 Speaker 1: it only made him sick. And the river he jumped 371 00:23:07,720 --> 00:23:10,600 Speaker 1: into because it was a dry season, it was only 372 00:23:10,880 --> 00:23:15,160 Speaker 1: a few centimeters deep, and so he got dragged out 373 00:23:15,160 --> 00:23:19,000 Speaker 1: of the river and arrested. Talk about a bad, bad day. 374 00:23:19,440 --> 00:23:21,240 Speaker 1: Wouldn't have been a better day if he had died. 375 00:23:21,520 --> 00:23:26,520 Speaker 1: I mean no, no no, we're bad day for him. Yeah. Now, 376 00:23:26,560 --> 00:23:29,040 Speaker 1: imagine you're one of the other conspirators who are trying 377 00:23:29,080 --> 00:23:31,600 Speaker 1: to take this out, and you're like, well, you just 378 00:23:31,640 --> 00:23:34,560 Speaker 1: watch all this go down. If you watch the bomb bounce, 379 00:23:34,920 --> 00:23:38,680 Speaker 1: hit another car. Oh, other dude grabs a cyanide and 380 00:23:38,720 --> 00:23:42,000 Speaker 1: then jumps off and then splats into the people pull 381 00:23:42,080 --> 00:23:46,080 Speaker 1: him out while he's throwing up, and you're going and 382 00:23:46,160 --> 00:23:48,720 Speaker 1: the crowd beat the living tar out of this man 383 00:23:48,760 --> 00:23:52,320 Speaker 1: before the police got to him. So, yeah, you're watching this. Uh, 384 00:23:52,320 --> 00:23:55,159 Speaker 1: these these other assassins are watching. They're depressed, they're upset, 385 00:23:55,200 --> 00:23:59,520 Speaker 1: they wonder what they should do now. And I'm telling you, guys, 386 00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:02,480 Speaker 1: the guy honest truth. One of the terrorists, a nineteen 387 00:24:02,560 --> 00:24:07,640 Speaker 1: year old named Gavrilo Princy, was like, forget this, I'm 388 00:24:07,640 --> 00:24:09,679 Speaker 1: gonna go get a sandwich. I don't care what you 389 00:24:09,720 --> 00:24:11,960 Speaker 1: guys do. I'm gonna get a sandwich. He walked to 390 00:24:12,000 --> 00:24:14,280 Speaker 1: the local deli. To be fair, a lot of historian 391 00:24:14,320 --> 00:24:17,960 Speaker 1: sawadays say that he knew the route the car would 392 00:24:18,000 --> 00:24:22,359 Speaker 1: take and purposely went there to wait. But I like 393 00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:25,760 Speaker 1: imagining somebody getting frustrated and going to get a sandwich. 394 00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:32,480 Speaker 1: And meanwhile the Archduke, who was understandably poed uh insists 395 00:24:32,520 --> 00:24:35,240 Speaker 1: on continuing his journey going to the hospital. They want 396 00:24:35,240 --> 00:24:38,440 Speaker 1: to change the route for safety purposes, but nobody told 397 00:24:38,480 --> 00:24:41,560 Speaker 1: the driver. Whoa to give a shout out to a 398 00:24:41,640 --> 00:24:45,600 Speaker 1: fellow podcast When we went to the NYC Podfest, we 399 00:24:45,640 --> 00:24:49,000 Speaker 1: saw Aaron from lor do a live reading of an 400 00:24:49,080 --> 00:24:51,480 Speaker 1: unpublished he hasn't done this as an episode story involving 401 00:24:51,480 --> 00:24:56,119 Speaker 1: this entire fiasco and a haunted car. Um Man, I 402 00:24:56,160 --> 00:24:57,760 Speaker 1: hope he releases that, because that was the coolest story 403 00:24:58,080 --> 00:25:02,199 Speaker 1: that night. But yeah, so onto further debacle. So no 404 00:25:02,240 --> 00:25:05,280 Speaker 1: one told the driver about the change in the plan. 405 00:25:05,680 --> 00:25:08,040 Speaker 1: Um the bodyguard noticed, told the driver, and the driver 406 00:25:08,119 --> 00:25:11,439 Speaker 1: decided to turn around. Um the street where they turned 407 00:25:11,520 --> 00:25:14,840 Speaker 1: the car happened to have a deli. Oh my god, 408 00:25:15,960 --> 00:25:19,480 Speaker 1: Coinky Dickens. So it just so happened that as a 409 00:25:19,520 --> 00:25:23,800 Speaker 1: particularly depressed assassin have failed Assassin, it would be assassin 410 00:25:24,080 --> 00:25:28,360 Speaker 1: walked out of the deli with his delicious confection. I wish, 411 00:25:28,400 --> 00:25:32,520 Speaker 1: I wish history sandwich. I mean, like sandwich history is 412 00:25:32,960 --> 00:25:35,199 Speaker 1: is sort of a lost I feel like we can 413 00:25:35,280 --> 00:25:38,280 Speaker 1: learn a lot from the sandwiches of history. Absolutely, we 414 00:25:38,359 --> 00:25:40,879 Speaker 1: could have known what was going on in this man's mind. Yeah, 415 00:25:40,960 --> 00:25:43,720 Speaker 1: even the story of condiments is amazing, totally. So he 416 00:25:43,760 --> 00:25:45,919 Speaker 1: walks out of the deli with his mystery sandwich, and 417 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:50,439 Speaker 1: what should he see but the Archduke's very car not 418 00:25:50,680 --> 00:25:56,560 Speaker 1: ten feet away from his delectable deli treat. Yes, the 419 00:25:56,680 --> 00:26:00,639 Speaker 1: car was at this point stopping and attempting to reverse 420 00:26:01,440 --> 00:26:06,399 Speaker 1: directly in front of him. So what happened next? Matt uh, Yeah, 421 00:26:06,480 --> 00:26:08,640 Speaker 1: that's when he pulled out his gun and he fired 422 00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:14,280 Speaker 1: two times. One the first shot hit Archduke and hit 423 00:26:14,359 --> 00:26:17,600 Speaker 1: him in his neck, in his jugular ye, so he 424 00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:19,560 Speaker 1: was going to be done. And the second one hit 425 00:26:19,720 --> 00:26:23,320 Speaker 1: the Archduke's pregnant wife in her stomach. And just to 426 00:26:23,359 --> 00:26:25,360 Speaker 1: go back to the lower thing. And and a big 427 00:26:25,400 --> 00:26:27,800 Speaker 1: part of this guy's stories is the unreliable narrator. So 428 00:26:27,880 --> 00:26:30,080 Speaker 1: part of the point of the story as he told 429 00:26:30,119 --> 00:26:33,720 Speaker 1: it was wasn't clear that everything was true, but I 430 00:26:33,760 --> 00:26:38,280 Speaker 1: liked this detail, the idea that this kid basically blind 431 00:26:38,320 --> 00:26:42,159 Speaker 1: fired into a crowd and like managed to like pop 432 00:26:42,160 --> 00:26:45,679 Speaker 1: off these two deadly shots. And he attempted to swallow 433 00:26:45,800 --> 00:26:48,760 Speaker 1: cyanide pill as well. This would also did not work. 434 00:26:49,119 --> 00:26:52,600 Speaker 1: Where are they getting the cyanide pills from a person 435 00:26:52,600 --> 00:26:57,200 Speaker 1: who's really bad at making cyanide pills? Discount side store. 436 00:26:57,480 --> 00:27:00,560 Speaker 1: So as he raised his gun to his temple, the 437 00:27:00,640 --> 00:27:03,840 Speaker 1: deed was done six temper tyrannus and all that. So 438 00:27:03,920 --> 00:27:07,000 Speaker 1: he's ready to take his own life, but authorities intervened 439 00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:10,480 Speaker 1: arrested him before he could shoot himself. Imagine a hand 440 00:27:10,560 --> 00:27:13,520 Speaker 1: grabbing the wrist and now it just fires into the air, 441 00:27:14,240 --> 00:27:18,680 Speaker 1: and they of course beat the ever loving Christ out 442 00:27:18,680 --> 00:27:21,639 Speaker 1: of the guy, but they kept him alive and they 443 00:27:21,720 --> 00:27:24,320 Speaker 1: kept him in jail, and that's when we saw the 444 00:27:24,359 --> 00:27:29,840 Speaker 1: immediate aftermath. Things escalated. This is when you start to 445 00:27:29,880 --> 00:27:34,520 Speaker 1: see the conspiracy begin to be exposed to the authorities, 446 00:27:35,400 --> 00:27:38,359 Speaker 1: or at least officially, and the right people are starting 447 00:27:38,440 --> 00:27:41,520 Speaker 1: to see it. The inevitable events were all set in motion. 448 00:27:42,040 --> 00:27:47,440 Speaker 1: So Germany and Austria Hungary demanded a massive investigation into 449 00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:50,040 Speaker 1: what exactly happened, how did this happen and who was involved? 450 00:27:50,119 --> 00:27:56,080 Speaker 1: And the Serbian Prime minister gave zero. Since we're family show, 451 00:27:56,119 --> 00:27:59,480 Speaker 1: I'll say Frank's zero, Franks, he gave zero. Frank's about 452 00:27:59,520 --> 00:28:01,399 Speaker 1: He literally told them that not only did he not 453 00:28:01,480 --> 00:28:04,800 Speaker 1: know anything about this plot, but that quote nothing had 454 00:28:04,840 --> 00:28:07,400 Speaker 1: been done so far and the matter did not concern 455 00:28:07,440 --> 00:28:11,679 Speaker 1: the Serbian government. Germany asked Russia to intercede. Russia was 456 00:28:11,720 --> 00:28:18,240 Speaker 1: like yeah, yeah. So then on twenty three July, Austria 457 00:28:18,280 --> 00:28:21,080 Speaker 1: Hungary issued a letter with ten demands to ensure the 458 00:28:21,200 --> 00:28:24,840 Speaker 1: destruction of the anti Austrian network in Serbia, and this 459 00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:28,159 Speaker 1: document became known as the July Ultimateument. Here are a 460 00:28:28,200 --> 00:28:33,919 Speaker 1: few choice excerpts. So they cited earlier international agreements respecting 461 00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:38,760 Speaker 1: sovereignty and peaceful relations. They also gave Serbia forty eight 462 00:28:38,760 --> 00:28:40,960 Speaker 1: hours to respond. They put a clock on that biz 463 00:28:41,400 --> 00:28:45,600 Speaker 1: and then Serbia accepted all but one demand um, which 464 00:28:45,680 --> 00:28:49,800 Speaker 1: was to allow Austrian military investigators into Serbian territories. But 465 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:53,440 Speaker 1: it turns out there was another conspiracy of play here Austria. 466 00:28:53,520 --> 00:28:57,600 Speaker 1: You see, Austria Hungary had absolutely no intention of accepting 467 00:28:57,640 --> 00:29:01,600 Speaker 1: anything Uh, they were set to reject whatever response Serbia gave. 468 00:29:01,800 --> 00:29:04,600 Speaker 1: And they were doing this because Germany wanted a full 469 00:29:04,640 --> 00:29:10,560 Speaker 1: scale war and this was the perfect opportunity. On July Austria, 470 00:29:10,680 --> 00:29:14,880 Speaker 1: Hungary declared war. Hold. When you're saying Germany wanted to 471 00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:20,000 Speaker 1: start a world war, history is long. It is. Indeed, 472 00:29:21,120 --> 00:29:22,840 Speaker 1: why don't we hear a quick word from our sponsor 473 00:29:33,800 --> 00:29:38,800 Speaker 1: and we're back now. Multiple multiple shows have examined World 474 00:29:38,880 --> 00:29:41,600 Speaker 1: War One and various facets that have been many wonderful 475 00:29:42,000 --> 00:29:44,040 Speaker 1: books written about it. When I said wonderful, I don't 476 00:29:44,040 --> 00:29:46,200 Speaker 1: mean they're a joy to read. I mean they're very 477 00:29:46,240 --> 00:29:49,680 Speaker 1: well written. Yeah, they're full of information. So we're looking 478 00:29:49,720 --> 00:29:54,360 Speaker 1: at just this small conspiracy, this this powder keg right 479 00:29:54,520 --> 00:29:58,040 Speaker 1: and rather than the war entire So our big question 480 00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:01,640 Speaker 1: is what became of the Black Hand. So there were 481 00:30:01,720 --> 00:30:07,160 Speaker 1: multiple conspirators involved in this fiasco, and they were exposed, 482 00:30:07,240 --> 00:30:10,280 Speaker 1: so they were caught and they served prison time or 483 00:30:10,520 --> 00:30:14,120 Speaker 1: were executed. So then towards the end of nineteen sixteen, 484 00:30:14,120 --> 00:30:17,520 Speaker 1: the Prime Minister of Servia decided the Hand had outlived 485 00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:22,040 Speaker 1: its usefulness and resolved to destroy the organization. Yeah, it 486 00:30:22,080 --> 00:30:24,920 Speaker 1: seems like such a difficult thing. To do once all 487 00:30:24,920 --> 00:30:28,880 Speaker 1: of those tendrils have been released and the cells exist separately, right, 488 00:30:29,760 --> 00:30:31,360 Speaker 1: I mean you can cut off the head, you know, 489 00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:34,240 Speaker 1: you can cut off one head of a multi headed 490 00:30:34,240 --> 00:30:38,920 Speaker 1: monster and you know, send a message. Oh so, by 491 00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:42,840 Speaker 1: nineteen seventeen, this Prime Minister had arrested a lot of 492 00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:45,720 Speaker 1: the leaders. Like you said, you you start taking out 493 00:30:45,800 --> 00:30:50,320 Speaker 1: the people who are making decisions, including APIs, the leader 494 00:30:50,360 --> 00:30:53,200 Speaker 1: of the Black Hand was subjected to a real life 495 00:30:53,280 --> 00:30:56,080 Speaker 1: kangaroo court, and a kangaroo court is much less fun 496 00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:59,120 Speaker 1: than it sounds. Yep. Kangaroo court is something where it's 497 00:30:59,120 --> 00:31:03,840 Speaker 1: a far rather than a real legal investigation. So despite 498 00:31:03,840 --> 00:31:07,720 Speaker 1: the fact that he and his other co conspirators were 499 00:31:07,840 --> 00:31:14,280 Speaker 1: very obviously not the assassins of this other assassination attempt um, 500 00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:16,800 Speaker 1: he was convicted of it and he, along with three colleagues, 501 00:31:16,880 --> 00:31:20,160 Speaker 1: was executed by firing squad the twenty six of June 502 00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:28,280 Speaker 1: nineteen seventeen. And for many um this this is a 503 00:31:28,280 --> 00:31:33,360 Speaker 1: a significant ending milestone in the story of the Black Hand, 504 00:31:33,600 --> 00:31:37,360 Speaker 1: and increasingly it's history continues. You know, this is further 505 00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:40,760 Speaker 1: and further and further away from us. Now if I've 506 00:31:40,840 --> 00:31:43,680 Speaker 1: done the math, right, no one listening to our show 507 00:31:43,800 --> 00:31:47,080 Speaker 1: was around when this happened. I don't want to pigeonhole anybody. 508 00:31:47,120 --> 00:31:49,840 Speaker 1: So if you were there firsthand, he used to hang 509 00:31:49,880 --> 00:31:52,840 Speaker 1: out at a sandwich shop in Sarajevo, let us know. 510 00:31:53,880 --> 00:31:55,520 Speaker 1: But right now, I mean, we're joking a little bit. 511 00:31:55,520 --> 00:31:57,520 Speaker 1: But right now it leads us to the immediate question, 512 00:31:57,560 --> 00:32:01,160 Speaker 1: which is why should we still remember this story? Well? 513 00:32:01,240 --> 00:32:06,000 Speaker 1: Because really this is just one example of how easily 514 00:32:06,120 --> 00:32:09,600 Speaker 1: this thing that we call civilization, all of the organization, 515 00:32:10,120 --> 00:32:13,440 Speaker 1: all of the uh, the working together in the economies 516 00:32:13,480 --> 00:32:17,160 Speaker 1: and all of this, how easily it can collapse in 517 00:32:17,240 --> 00:32:21,720 Speaker 1: on itself with one small little thing because of disagreements 518 00:32:21,760 --> 00:32:25,680 Speaker 1: between groups of people. And there's a big, big difference. 519 00:32:25,800 --> 00:32:30,800 Speaker 1: Today our species possesses weapons of war capable of flattening 520 00:32:30,840 --> 00:32:34,400 Speaker 1: the planet and damn near everything on it. And we're 521 00:32:35,120 --> 00:32:40,120 Speaker 1: literally we could be one wrong turn away from that. Yikes. 522 00:32:40,720 --> 00:32:43,840 Speaker 1: And you have to imagine this black hand that was 523 00:32:44,760 --> 00:32:48,880 Speaker 1: operating inside this government right um in all parts of 524 00:32:48,920 --> 00:32:51,120 Speaker 1: it are a lot of various different parts. You have 525 00:32:51,160 --> 00:32:54,440 Speaker 1: to imagine today if you look at we're just gonna 526 00:32:54,440 --> 00:32:56,800 Speaker 1: I'm gonna use the United States government and military as 527 00:32:56,800 --> 00:32:59,280 Speaker 1: an example because that's where we are. But if there 528 00:32:59,320 --> 00:33:05,480 Speaker 1: are small cells, splinter groups that believe very whole, wholeheartedly 529 00:33:06,040 --> 00:33:10,640 Speaker 1: a certain way, believe that just as an example, that 530 00:33:11,800 --> 00:33:16,080 Speaker 1: the United States should break up again and turn into 531 00:33:16,120 --> 00:33:20,200 Speaker 1: independent states. Right, you have a small group of operatives 532 00:33:20,320 --> 00:33:24,120 Speaker 1: who exist, and they're in high places there in low places, 533 00:33:24,160 --> 00:33:29,320 Speaker 1: they're strategically placed throughout the government, in the military. That 534 00:33:29,480 --> 00:33:33,239 Speaker 1: is a possibility. That's a hypothetical, complete hypothetical. But that 535 00:33:33,320 --> 00:33:36,480 Speaker 1: kind of thing could exist anywhere. And when you bring 536 00:33:36,480 --> 00:33:41,320 Speaker 1: into play, like you said, Ben, our technology to destroy 537 00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:48,840 Speaker 1: the world, it's pretty terrifying. Yeah, it's it's the problem 538 00:33:48,960 --> 00:33:52,920 Speaker 1: is not that it's possible, it's that it's plausible, you know. 539 00:33:53,360 --> 00:33:55,960 Speaker 1: And then you know, I think you raised a great 540 00:33:56,000 --> 00:33:59,680 Speaker 1: point when you said it's almost it's almost certain that 541 00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:03,320 Speaker 1: there's version of this somewhere that exists now with access 542 00:34:03,360 --> 00:34:06,840 Speaker 1: to weapons that people World War One could not imagine. 543 00:34:07,280 --> 00:34:09,600 Speaker 1: So if those groups exist, and we're not saying that 544 00:34:09,640 --> 00:34:11,600 Speaker 1: we have proof that they do, but if they exist, 545 00:34:12,040 --> 00:34:15,879 Speaker 1: what are they up to? Now that's the stuff they 546 00:34:15,920 --> 00:34:18,879 Speaker 1: don't want you to know, And we'd like to know 547 00:34:19,080 --> 00:34:22,359 Speaker 1: what you think about this. What lessons can we learn 548 00:34:22,880 --> 00:34:26,319 Speaker 1: from the black hand do you have Have you heard 549 00:34:26,360 --> 00:34:29,920 Speaker 1: any theories in your neck of the global woods about 550 00:34:29,960 --> 00:34:33,560 Speaker 1: the activities of any similar group? And speaking of hearing 551 00:34:33,600 --> 00:34:37,440 Speaker 1: from you, that reminds me it's time for shot at Kona. 552 00:34:39,640 --> 00:34:43,040 Speaker 1: Our first shot comes from Lannell. I hope I'm saying 553 00:34:43,040 --> 00:34:45,080 Speaker 1: that right, Lennell. If I'm not, I just said it 554 00:34:45,120 --> 00:34:49,560 Speaker 1: twice incorrectly, Lenell says, Hi, Ben Mattin Noel, I've enjoyed 555 00:34:49,600 --> 00:34:51,800 Speaker 1: your show for some time and finally had an excuse 556 00:34:51,840 --> 00:34:54,360 Speaker 1: to write in. I am a chemist working for a 557 00:34:54,400 --> 00:34:57,160 Speaker 1: small chemical company, and for many years, one of my 558 00:34:57,280 --> 00:35:01,160 Speaker 1: primary jobs was to answer questions from customers. I got 559 00:35:01,160 --> 00:35:03,160 Speaker 1: a call several years ago from a man with a 560 00:35:03,200 --> 00:35:08,480 Speaker 1: heavy accent looking for red mercury. I had never heard 561 00:35:08,480 --> 00:35:10,239 Speaker 1: of this, and the man did not give much of 562 00:35:10,280 --> 00:35:13,080 Speaker 1: an explanation about what he was looking for. The name 563 00:35:13,120 --> 00:35:16,279 Speaker 1: didn't make sense to me as a chemist, and the call. 564 00:35:16,640 --> 00:35:19,759 Speaker 1: It remained a mystery until I listened to your episode. 565 00:35:20,120 --> 00:35:22,239 Speaker 1: Now I wonder if I had a conversation with a 566 00:35:22,280 --> 00:35:27,800 Speaker 1: would be terrorist. Oh and Linnell says, I love the show. 567 00:35:27,880 --> 00:35:30,880 Speaker 1: Please continue exploring the strange ideas out there. Thank you 568 00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:35,160 Speaker 1: so much. Yeah, it's interesting to hear from someone with 569 00:35:35,239 --> 00:35:40,120 Speaker 1: firsthand experience of getting a call for red mercury. Yeah, 570 00:35:40,360 --> 00:35:44,000 Speaker 1: you know, and I'm still I'm still on offense about 571 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:46,480 Speaker 1: that one. Guys, I don't you know, is it all 572 00:35:46,520 --> 00:35:49,520 Speaker 1: a shaggy dog story? I am still not sure. So 573 00:35:49,600 --> 00:35:52,680 Speaker 1: thank you so much. Writing in Lennel and our next 574 00:35:52,680 --> 00:35:55,640 Speaker 1: Our next letter arrives from Jenna. She says, Hi, guys, 575 00:35:55,680 --> 00:35:58,399 Speaker 1: I love the podcast, but something really bothered me about 576 00:35:58,440 --> 00:36:01,120 Speaker 1: the last episode's shout out owner. I listened to the 577 00:36:01,120 --> 00:36:04,000 Speaker 1: podcast because you often examine things from multiple sides. The 578 00:36:04,120 --> 00:36:06,319 Speaker 1: letter you read about vaping did not do that. It 579 00:36:06,440 --> 00:36:09,560 Speaker 1: encouraged people to deny that vaping is dangerous. That is 580 00:36:09,600 --> 00:36:12,480 Speaker 1: a conspiracy, and to not believe their doctors. That is 581 00:36:12,480 --> 00:36:15,440 Speaker 1: not all the sides. My father and I thought about 582 00:36:15,480 --> 00:36:18,439 Speaker 1: his smoking my entire life, and a couple of years 583 00:36:18,440 --> 00:36:21,120 Speaker 1: ago he was excited to have almost quit entirely due 584 00:36:21,160 --> 00:36:23,520 Speaker 1: to vaping. Only a few months later he died and 585 00:36:23,560 --> 00:36:26,799 Speaker 1: I was devastated. It was two days before Christmas. The 586 00:36:26,840 --> 00:36:28,719 Speaker 1: cause of death was not being able to fight off 587 00:36:28,719 --> 00:36:32,279 Speaker 1: pneumonia due to popcorn lung, something that happens when you 588 00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:35,200 Speaker 1: smoke vapors. I was so happy he had quit and 589 00:36:35,280 --> 00:36:38,600 Speaker 1: it killed him. Please, please, please let people know that 590 00:36:38,640 --> 00:36:40,839 Speaker 1: there are two sides to this issue, and vaping can 591 00:36:40,960 --> 00:36:43,480 Speaker 1: kill you. Could the tobacco industry be trying to shut 592 00:36:43,480 --> 00:36:45,680 Speaker 1: it down? Of course, I'm sure they are, but the 593 00:36:45,719 --> 00:36:48,200 Speaker 1: reality is the vaping is just as dangerous as tobacco. 594 00:36:48,280 --> 00:36:50,240 Speaker 1: I would not want someone else to lose their father 595 00:36:50,320 --> 00:36:53,040 Speaker 1: because I said nothing. My father and I loved history 596 00:36:53,040 --> 00:36:55,960 Speaker 1: and conspiracy theories. I'm gutted to have found your podcast 597 00:36:56,000 --> 00:36:57,960 Speaker 1: after he died. He would have loved it, and I 598 00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:00,399 Speaker 1: thank you for getting me through really hard times. But please, 599 00:37:00,440 --> 00:37:02,960 Speaker 1: when it comes to issues like this, present both sides. 600 00:37:03,040 --> 00:37:08,160 Speaker 1: Thank you. Jenna. Wow, that's terrible, Jenna, sorry that that 601 00:37:08,239 --> 00:37:11,160 Speaker 1: happened to your father. That's a reaction to a letter 602 00:37:11,239 --> 00:37:13,560 Speaker 1: from a previous episode where someone wrote to a saying 603 00:37:14,640 --> 00:37:17,520 Speaker 1: that they think vaping is a conspiracy And just to 604 00:37:17,719 --> 00:37:20,280 Speaker 1: jump in here, I did a little bit of research 605 00:37:20,480 --> 00:37:24,120 Speaker 1: on this for the research, and it appears that a 606 00:37:24,239 --> 00:37:28,680 Speaker 1: lot of the issues with vaping arise from certain food 607 00:37:28,719 --> 00:37:37,160 Speaker 1: additives flavoring, and it exists usually in fruity flavors, and 608 00:37:38,440 --> 00:37:43,400 Speaker 1: it's not as common. It's not as common as the 609 00:37:43,520 --> 00:37:47,719 Speaker 1: chemicals like the deadly chemicals are that exists in cigarettes, right, 610 00:37:47,800 --> 00:37:50,680 Speaker 1: but it's still a problem. And there's no doubt that 611 00:37:50,719 --> 00:37:54,880 Speaker 1: when the vape phenomenon kind of hit full bore, that 612 00:37:55,000 --> 00:37:59,279 Speaker 1: there wasn't as much oversight of these various products. And 613 00:37:59,360 --> 00:38:03,399 Speaker 1: as the cigarette industry obviously has to deal with um. 614 00:38:03,480 --> 00:38:06,480 Speaker 1: So you know, there was a lot of early adopters 615 00:38:06,640 --> 00:38:10,040 Speaker 1: and not a lot of research that was available as 616 00:38:10,080 --> 00:38:12,560 Speaker 1: to what the actual implications of using these People just 617 00:38:12,640 --> 00:38:16,920 Speaker 1: automatically assumed that it's not carcinogenic because it's not you know, 618 00:38:17,040 --> 00:38:20,920 Speaker 1: contains not cigarettes, it's not you know, burning carbon monoxide 619 00:38:20,920 --> 00:38:23,640 Speaker 1: in your lungs. But there's not a fifty year study yet. Well, 620 00:38:23,800 --> 00:38:26,680 Speaker 1: and as we see little things trickle out, whether it's 621 00:38:26,680 --> 00:38:30,520 Speaker 1: this popcorn lung study or whether it's other you know, uh, 622 00:38:30,800 --> 00:38:34,279 Speaker 1: side effects of vaping, it takes time, you know, and 623 00:38:34,320 --> 00:38:36,840 Speaker 1: the cigarettedustry has been around for a long time. So 624 00:38:37,360 --> 00:38:39,520 Speaker 1: it's the kind of thing where we certainly wouldn't have 625 00:38:39,920 --> 00:38:44,040 Speaker 1: intentionally said one was better than the other. It's just 626 00:38:44,120 --> 00:38:46,080 Speaker 1: a matter of like kind of rolling the dice with 627 00:38:46,120 --> 00:38:48,680 Speaker 1: anything you put in your body, right, that's yeah, and 628 00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:52,279 Speaker 1: we really appreciated your letter. Jenna wanted to get it 629 00:38:52,320 --> 00:38:56,880 Speaker 1: out there because so often when something is a newer 630 00:38:57,600 --> 00:39:01,799 Speaker 1: technology and like the public eye, people tend to um, 631 00:39:01,880 --> 00:39:03,640 Speaker 1: I don't want to say deify it, but they tend 632 00:39:03,640 --> 00:39:07,080 Speaker 1: to look at it through rose tinted glasses. It's like, 633 00:39:07,160 --> 00:39:09,640 Speaker 1: this is the this is the safe alternative to cigarettes. 634 00:39:09,960 --> 00:39:12,600 Speaker 1: Fixing a problem, right, A lot of new technologies are 635 00:39:12,600 --> 00:39:16,280 Speaker 1: meant to make a slight adjustment on a problem that exists, 636 00:39:16,280 --> 00:39:19,000 Speaker 1: and then you got marketing that just doubles down on that, 637 00:39:19,040 --> 00:39:22,879 Speaker 1: as you know. So, yeah, it's I and it's It's 638 00:39:22,880 --> 00:39:26,960 Speaker 1: definitely a tricky territory and I'm sure no one intended 639 00:39:27,000 --> 00:39:30,399 Speaker 1: to come across as promoting anything like that. And as 640 00:39:30,480 --> 00:39:33,799 Speaker 1: as we always say listeners, your choices, of course are 641 00:39:33,840 --> 00:39:36,640 Speaker 1: your own. It is not within our purview to tell 642 00:39:37,280 --> 00:39:40,760 Speaker 1: anyone what to do. What we do want to assure 643 00:39:40,800 --> 00:39:45,040 Speaker 1: people that a lot of advertisements are meant to sell 644 00:39:45,120 --> 00:39:47,719 Speaker 1: something to you rather than educate you. Thank you for 645 00:39:47,719 --> 00:39:49,920 Speaker 1: writing a jo And then finally we have a shout 646 00:39:49,960 --> 00:39:53,560 Speaker 1: out from Dave Um. He says in your episode about 647 00:39:53,560 --> 00:39:58,400 Speaker 1: Red Mercury, you guys wondered why bother to make fikes damp. Yes, Dave, 648 00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:01,280 Speaker 1: my hero, tell me about what is the profit margin 649 00:40:01,320 --> 00:40:04,040 Speaker 1: of that? Well, aside from use on postage mass mailing, 650 00:40:04,160 --> 00:40:08,800 Speaker 1: stamps were once used as a cash substitute. I personally 651 00:40:08,840 --> 00:40:12,400 Speaker 1: prefer seashells. That's me Noel Brown talking, not Dave. Um. 652 00:40:12,520 --> 00:40:16,439 Speaker 1: Accepted by a lot of mail order concerns for low 653 00:40:16,600 --> 00:40:20,320 Speaker 1: dollar transactions. You know that's funny, that makes sense? You 654 00:40:20,360 --> 00:40:27,640 Speaker 1: see that? Yeah, totally so, m hmm. Then, in a 655 00:40:27,760 --> 00:40:30,520 Speaker 1: letter to the New York Times on October tenth, eighteen 656 00:40:30,560 --> 00:40:34,400 Speaker 1: sixty two, Postmaster James Wakefield stated that Congress had authorized 657 00:40:34,520 --> 00:40:39,040 Speaker 1: quote postal currency to be issued through the Treasury Department, 658 00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:43,640 Speaker 1: which later evolved into postal money orders. So first postal 659 00:40:43,640 --> 00:40:46,120 Speaker 1: currency was issued in set dollar amounts, and it was 660 00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:49,719 Speaker 1: common to use stamps to make up sense. Uh. In addition, 661 00:40:50,200 --> 00:40:52,680 Speaker 1: the Treasury did not provide the post Office with sufficient 662 00:40:52,760 --> 00:40:56,080 Speaker 1: notes for the need. Although the Postmaster noted that postage 663 00:40:56,080 --> 00:40:59,880 Speaker 1: stamps are made available for the prepayment of postage only, 664 00:41:00,360 --> 00:41:03,799 Speaker 1: there were few options. So this unauthorized use led to 665 00:41:03,840 --> 00:41:07,600 Speaker 1: the trade of postage stamps, even though they're only endpoint 666 00:41:07,920 --> 00:41:12,480 Speaker 1: redemption kane when used to mail a letter or package. Um. 667 00:41:12,480 --> 00:41:15,080 Speaker 1: And that's why you should all use stamps dot com 668 00:41:16,480 --> 00:41:24,040 Speaker 1: letters or package. We use it around here. So black 669 00:41:24,080 --> 00:41:26,839 Speaker 1: market for stamps right with the Kansas all Dave back 670 00:41:26,840 --> 00:41:29,680 Speaker 1: to Dave, I'm speaking is Dave channeling Dave. A black 671 00:41:29,719 --> 00:41:33,560 Speaker 1: market for stamps with the cancelation stamp washed off developed 672 00:41:33,560 --> 00:41:36,359 Speaker 1: both for trade and for postage, being used until they 673 00:41:36,360 --> 00:41:39,680 Speaker 1: were too damaged or dirty. So stamps were never printed 674 00:41:39,719 --> 00:41:43,680 Speaker 1: on special currency paper or with extra security measures making 675 00:41:43,840 --> 00:41:48,640 Speaker 1: counterfeiting easy. It's hard to believe for us, but small 676 00:41:48,760 --> 00:41:52,960 Speaker 1: fortunes could be made on what was basically Penny posted Dave. 677 00:41:53,760 --> 00:41:56,839 Speaker 1: That was glorious on so many levels. But a fantastic letter, 678 00:41:57,280 --> 00:42:01,680 Speaker 1: just a history nugget. Stamp frauds are real thing. Yeah, 679 00:42:02,280 --> 00:42:05,439 Speaker 1: there's a stamp tycoon now that's use stamp fraud dot 680 00:42:05,440 --> 00:42:10,640 Speaker 1: com for your postal, fraudulent, fraudulent postage. I really want 681 00:42:10,640 --> 00:42:13,560 Speaker 1: to know what Dave does for a living. He teaches 682 00:42:13,600 --> 00:42:19,359 Speaker 1: people amazing facts. Uh that's thank you very much to Dave, 683 00:42:19,520 --> 00:42:27,080 Speaker 1: Jenna and Linnell. This concludes our go and that's the 684 00:42:27,200 --> 00:42:30,600 Speaker 1: end of this classic episode. If you have any thoughts 685 00:42:30,719 --> 00:42:34,560 Speaker 1: or questions about this episode, you can get into contact 686 00:42:34,640 --> 00:42:36,759 Speaker 1: with us in a number of different ways. One of 687 00:42:36,800 --> 00:42:38,640 Speaker 1: the best is to give us a call. Our number 688 00:42:38,680 --> 00:42:42,239 Speaker 1: is one eight three three std w y t K. 689 00:42:42,760 --> 00:42:44,560 Speaker 1: If you don't want to do that, you can send 690 00:42:44,600 --> 00:42:51,040 Speaker 1: us a good old fashioned email. We are stuff they 691 00:42:51,080 --> 00:42:52,960 Speaker 1: don't want you to know. Is a production of I 692 00:42:53,120 --> 00:42:56,239 Speaker 1: heart Radio. For more podcasts from my heart Radio, visit 693 00:42:56,239 --> 00:42:59,000 Speaker 1: the i heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 694 00:42:59,040 --> 00:43:00,239 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite show else