1 00:00:04,240 --> 00:00:07,920 Speaker 1: Get in touch with technology with text Stuff from Stuff stat. 2 00:00:11,480 --> 00:00:13,600 Speaker 1: Hey there, guys, and welcome to tech Stuff. This is 3 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:16,800 Speaker 1: Jonathan Strickland, and today we're gonna look back on a 4 00:00:16,880 --> 00:00:20,480 Speaker 1: classic episode of tech Stuff. This is one that Lauren 5 00:00:20,560 --> 00:00:24,280 Speaker 1: Vogel Baumb was on and it's all about transmissions. It's 6 00:00:24,320 --> 00:00:28,200 Speaker 1: called what do Transmissions Do? And since Scott came in 7 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:31,040 Speaker 1: and we did an episode about electric bikes and we 8 00:00:31,080 --> 00:00:33,600 Speaker 1: talked a bit about gear systems, I thought it would, 9 00:00:33,960 --> 00:00:37,599 Speaker 1: you know, benefit us to revisit transmissions and understand how 10 00:00:37,720 --> 00:00:41,600 Speaker 1: gears help us with our automobiles. So I hope you enjoyed. 11 00:00:47,800 --> 00:00:51,159 Speaker 1: So what are we talking about with transmissions? What are transmissions? 12 00:00:51,240 --> 00:00:55,640 Speaker 1: Why are they necessary? What's the deal? Well, first we 13 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:59,800 Speaker 1: have to understand that a vehicle, let's say a vehicle 14 00:00:59,840 --> 00:01:03,360 Speaker 1: with an internal combustion engine, gets its power from the 15 00:01:03,360 --> 00:01:06,480 Speaker 1: engine itself. Right, You're burning fuel within that engine and 16 00:01:06,520 --> 00:01:08,080 Speaker 1: that engine is putting out power in the form of 17 00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:12,320 Speaker 1: kinetic energy. Now, the trick is how do you make 18 00:01:12,319 --> 00:01:15,080 Speaker 1: the kinetic energy that's generated by the engine make your 19 00:01:15,160 --> 00:01:18,720 Speaker 1: vehicle move as opposed to just making noise or heat 20 00:01:19,080 --> 00:01:23,080 Speaker 1: or explosions that would be an external combustion engine not 21 00:01:23,200 --> 00:01:28,600 Speaker 1: a good thing. Not vehicles. Now, so, uh, what what's 22 00:01:28,720 --> 00:01:32,480 Speaker 1: generally going on with a vehicle we're gonna take for 23 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:36,600 Speaker 1: this podcast. We're gonna specifically focus on a five speed 24 00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:41,679 Speaker 1: manual transmission vehicle that has rear wheel drive. Now, there 25 00:01:41,720 --> 00:01:44,560 Speaker 1: are a lot of different configurations you can have. The 26 00:01:44,600 --> 00:01:48,000 Speaker 1: basic premise of the transmission is the same in all 27 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,080 Speaker 1: of these, but the way it's laid out is completely 28 00:01:50,080 --> 00:01:53,520 Speaker 1: different depending upon the car's configuration. So this just for 29 00:01:53,560 --> 00:01:55,960 Speaker 1: the purposes of this podcast, because we can't cover everything. 30 00:01:56,000 --> 00:01:58,840 Speaker 1: It would be a four hour long pod least, and 31 00:01:58,960 --> 00:02:01,680 Speaker 1: we we we'd have actually say I don't even know 32 00:02:01,720 --> 00:02:05,440 Speaker 1: where I am anymore. We're gonna keep it fairly simple. So, really, 33 00:02:05,920 --> 00:02:09,840 Speaker 1: the transmission is important for being able to take the 34 00:02:09,880 --> 00:02:12,560 Speaker 1: power that an engine is generating and convert that into 35 00:02:12,600 --> 00:02:15,920 Speaker 1: the kinetic energy that's necessary to get your vehicle moving. 36 00:02:16,240 --> 00:02:19,320 Speaker 1: But before we get too far into that, let's kind 37 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:23,640 Speaker 1: of look back at why is a transmission even necessary, 38 00:02:23,760 --> 00:02:25,800 Speaker 1: I mean, not beyond the fact of what it does. 39 00:02:26,280 --> 00:02:29,800 Speaker 1: Why do we need something that like a variable transmission, 40 00:02:29,960 --> 00:02:32,480 Speaker 1: Why not just something that converts the energy of an 41 00:02:32,480 --> 00:02:37,280 Speaker 1: engine into the rotating force of wheels moving right. And 42 00:02:37,320 --> 00:02:39,359 Speaker 1: this this has something to do with with the difference 43 00:02:39,400 --> 00:02:41,799 Speaker 1: between um, the kind of energy that you want to use, 44 00:02:41,880 --> 00:02:45,000 Speaker 1: when you're first starting a car, when you're accelerating it 45 00:02:45,080 --> 00:02:49,480 Speaker 1: from a stop, and when you're speeding up later on 46 00:02:49,520 --> 00:02:51,320 Speaker 1: down the line, right, and when you're when you're reaching 47 00:02:51,320 --> 00:02:54,519 Speaker 1: your top speed as well. Yeah, As it turns out, 48 00:02:54,840 --> 00:02:58,360 Speaker 1: an engine only has a very narrow range at which 49 00:02:58,560 --> 00:03:04,280 Speaker 1: it's operating with its revolutions per minute, relatively narrow range. Uh. 50 00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:07,600 Speaker 1: And if our vehicles worked within that same narrow range, 51 00:03:07,880 --> 00:03:11,080 Speaker 1: we'd be fine, right, if everything was ideal, If somehow 52 00:03:11,440 --> 00:03:13,840 Speaker 1: the range of the engine and the range of the 53 00:03:13,880 --> 00:03:16,720 Speaker 1: motion of the wheels had a one to one ratio, 54 00:03:16,840 --> 00:03:20,359 Speaker 1: whether it was directly uh, analogous, or you had to 55 00:03:20,400 --> 00:03:23,079 Speaker 1: have some sort of gear shift in there too, uh 56 00:03:23,160 --> 00:03:25,760 Speaker 1: to adjust it, we'd be all right. We wouldn't need 57 00:03:25,800 --> 00:03:29,760 Speaker 1: a transmission, But we really need a wider range. And 58 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:32,919 Speaker 1: the two things that are really important when it comes 59 00:03:32,960 --> 00:03:36,600 Speaker 1: to operating vehicles, uh, for for the purposes of this conversation, 60 00:03:36,640 --> 00:03:40,400 Speaker 1: our speed and torque. Okay, So, so what's so? What's what? 61 00:03:40,520 --> 00:03:44,520 Speaker 1: What is torque? Torque is is you can think of 62 00:03:44,560 --> 00:03:48,440 Speaker 1: it as a twisting force. It's a rotational force. So 63 00:03:48,560 --> 00:03:53,040 Speaker 1: whenever you have a wheel turning, uh, it's it's powered, 64 00:03:53,280 --> 00:03:56,240 Speaker 1: it's that's that's that's torque there. Or if you're using 65 00:03:56,240 --> 00:03:58,760 Speaker 1: a wrench, let's say that you need to loosen or 66 00:03:58,800 --> 00:04:02,360 Speaker 1: tighten a bolt with a inch, you're using torque. It's 67 00:04:02,400 --> 00:04:05,000 Speaker 1: this rotational force. The the end of the wrench is 68 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:08,000 Speaker 1: moving in a circle and the bolt is acting as 69 00:04:08,040 --> 00:04:11,080 Speaker 1: sort of the axis of this of this pit or 70 00:04:11,120 --> 00:04:14,560 Speaker 1: a pivot point for this motion. Uh. That's torque. And 71 00:04:15,160 --> 00:04:18,560 Speaker 1: by increasing or decreasing torque, you can it's kind of 72 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:20,440 Speaker 1: what people talk about when they're talking about the grip 73 00:04:20,600 --> 00:04:23,919 Speaker 1: on the road. Um, you can have a vehicle that 74 00:04:24,440 --> 00:04:28,080 Speaker 1: has really high torque uh and really low speed. You 75 00:04:28,120 --> 00:04:30,599 Speaker 1: can have a vehicle has really had speed really low torque. 76 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:33,320 Speaker 1: You can have lots of different combinations here. So for example, 77 00:04:33,880 --> 00:04:36,800 Speaker 1: imagine a giant crane that you would use in a 78 00:04:36,880 --> 00:04:41,520 Speaker 1: construction field. All right, so it's enormous and it's using wheels, 79 00:04:41,520 --> 00:04:45,080 Speaker 1: not not treads or whatever. Uh, this vehicle is going 80 00:04:45,120 --> 00:04:47,840 Speaker 1: to have an enormous amount of torque applied to the 81 00:04:47,880 --> 00:04:51,120 Speaker 1: wheels in order to move this massive vehicle around. It 82 00:04:51,160 --> 00:04:54,320 Speaker 1: may not be moving quickly, but the torque is really powerful, 83 00:04:54,360 --> 00:04:57,360 Speaker 1: which means that it would require a lot of force 84 00:04:57,720 --> 00:05:00,800 Speaker 1: to make sure that those wheels don't turn earn if 85 00:05:00,800 --> 00:05:03,719 Speaker 1: the engine were operational and it was being put into drive. 86 00:05:04,040 --> 00:05:05,960 Speaker 1: So if you were trying to hold those wheels still, 87 00:05:06,040 --> 00:05:08,120 Speaker 1: you would have to use an enormous amount of force 88 00:05:08,160 --> 00:05:12,320 Speaker 1: to counteract that torque. You could also have a toy, 89 00:05:12,640 --> 00:05:14,880 Speaker 1: let's say that has a little spinning element to it 90 00:05:14,920 --> 00:05:18,240 Speaker 1: that spins at an incredible rpm, but it doesn't do 91 00:05:18,360 --> 00:05:20,880 Speaker 1: so very with very much torque at all. So if 92 00:05:20,920 --> 00:05:24,000 Speaker 1: you just touched it, it would stop spinning, and it 93 00:05:24,040 --> 00:05:26,919 Speaker 1: would just be the lightest touch to counteract that torque. Again, 94 00:05:26,960 --> 00:05:30,600 Speaker 1: the torque is not very strong with that particular device. 95 00:05:31,120 --> 00:05:34,000 Speaker 1: So when we're operating our vehicles, we actually need a 96 00:05:34,040 --> 00:05:38,000 Speaker 1: fairly wide range of torque, which is not something that 97 00:05:38,040 --> 00:05:40,720 Speaker 1: would be possible if we had to work within the 98 00:05:40,800 --> 00:05:43,240 Speaker 1: narrow parameters of what an engine is able to put 99 00:05:43,240 --> 00:05:45,479 Speaker 1: out with that range of RPMs. Right, if an engine 100 00:05:45,480 --> 00:05:48,680 Speaker 1: only had one speed, and it would get really messy, 101 00:05:48,720 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: really fast, right and exactly, and you know, the vehicle 102 00:05:52,080 --> 00:05:55,719 Speaker 1: might operate fine in certain conditions, but if you change 103 00:05:55,720 --> 00:05:58,600 Speaker 1: those conditions at all, then you'd be in trouble. And 104 00:05:58,640 --> 00:06:01,640 Speaker 1: see that's the that's the issue, because we all know 105 00:06:01,800 --> 00:06:04,640 Speaker 1: when you're out there driving, not everything is a perfectly 106 00:06:04,720 --> 00:06:07,600 Speaker 1: flat highway. You know you're going to have inclines, you're 107 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:10,839 Speaker 1: gonna have changes in the in the environmental conditions that 108 00:06:10,880 --> 00:06:14,000 Speaker 1: are going to require your vehicle to adjust as you 109 00:06:14,040 --> 00:06:16,080 Speaker 1: are going through them. So that's why you need to 110 00:06:16,120 --> 00:06:18,560 Speaker 1: have a transmission. You have to have something where you 111 00:06:18,640 --> 00:06:22,840 Speaker 1: can shift to a different torque or speed in order 112 00:06:22,839 --> 00:06:26,200 Speaker 1: to one maintain your grip on the road and continue 113 00:06:26,240 --> 00:06:30,160 Speaker 1: moving at the appropriate speed and to operate within the 114 00:06:30,200 --> 00:06:33,400 Speaker 1: engine's parameters. That's one of those reasons why, Like if 115 00:06:33,440 --> 00:06:35,520 Speaker 1: you keep revving the engine and you're in first gear, 116 00:06:35,800 --> 00:06:37,560 Speaker 1: you'll see that needle go all the way into the 117 00:06:37,560 --> 00:06:39,680 Speaker 1: red and then if you keep that up, you burn 118 00:06:39,720 --> 00:06:43,120 Speaker 1: out your engine. So by shifting, you are actually adjusting 119 00:06:43,240 --> 00:06:46,840 Speaker 1: torque and speed and by doing that you can keep 120 00:06:46,920 --> 00:06:52,320 Speaker 1: the needle in the the ideal operational So that's what 121 00:06:52,400 --> 00:06:54,960 Speaker 1: the transmission is for. It's for keeping you in this 122 00:06:55,560 --> 00:07:00,000 Speaker 1: in the sweet spot. And there are of course manual transmissions, 123 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:04,760 Speaker 1: automatic transmissions, there are variants of those, UM and UH 124 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:07,640 Speaker 1: and while we're really focusing on manual transmissions, if we 125 00:07:07,640 --> 00:07:10,400 Speaker 1: were to talk about automatic I think I would have 126 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:13,600 Speaker 1: to call someone else in because yeah, we would need 127 00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:16,280 Speaker 1: Scotten here, because it's a little bit beyond what we 128 00:07:16,360 --> 00:07:20,320 Speaker 1: are certainly our personal technical level with the automotive industry. 129 00:07:20,360 --> 00:07:22,200 Speaker 1: Not to mention the fact that I don't know how 130 00:07:22,240 --> 00:07:25,559 Speaker 1: I would explain it in words without the benefit of pictures. 131 00:07:25,600 --> 00:07:28,600 Speaker 1: It's already an interpretive dance, and that works less well 132 00:07:28,640 --> 00:07:31,360 Speaker 1: on podcasts. But you might you might hear us like 133 00:07:31,640 --> 00:07:34,480 Speaker 1: with by the microphone, but it kind of loses something 134 00:07:34,480 --> 00:07:38,120 Speaker 1: in the translation. All right. But so, originally automobiles only 135 00:07:38,160 --> 00:07:41,920 Speaker 1: had two forward gears in one reverse. So, but they're 136 00:07:42,320 --> 00:07:45,239 Speaker 1: the engine capacity was much less, so so those narrow 137 00:07:45,360 --> 00:07:49,280 Speaker 1: ranges were kind of okay within two gears. Um Around 138 00:07:49,400 --> 00:07:53,640 Speaker 1: the early nineteen forties late nineteen thirties, um Ford and 139 00:07:53,720 --> 00:07:57,880 Speaker 1: Chrysler started introducing semi automatic gears that would let you um, 140 00:07:58,520 --> 00:08:00,640 Speaker 1: you still had to use a clutch, but you could, 141 00:08:00,640 --> 00:08:03,840 Speaker 1: but you could switch between them between the higher gear 142 00:08:03,880 --> 00:08:08,400 Speaker 1: semi automatically. In the nineteen fifties, the first full automatics 143 00:08:08,440 --> 00:08:10,960 Speaker 1: were debuted and uh and then after that all of 144 00:08:10,960 --> 00:08:13,960 Speaker 1: the advances have been in the in the number of speeds, 145 00:08:13,960 --> 00:08:16,640 Speaker 1: the number of gears that are involved in these transmissions. 146 00:08:16,640 --> 00:08:19,000 Speaker 1: So we went from we went from two up to 147 00:08:19,200 --> 00:08:22,280 Speaker 1: UH four speed manuals, and then six speed manuals started 148 00:08:22,320 --> 00:08:25,920 Speaker 1: hitting the market in the late nineteen eighties, right, So 149 00:08:26,160 --> 00:08:28,800 Speaker 1: uh and you might wonder why do you have why 150 00:08:28,840 --> 00:08:31,680 Speaker 1: why do you add more of those divisions, more of 151 00:08:31,720 --> 00:08:34,560 Speaker 1: those speeds. It doesn't necessarily mean that the vehicle is 152 00:08:34,559 --> 00:08:37,720 Speaker 1: going to go faster than earlier vehicles. It does mean 153 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:41,040 Speaker 1: that the transitions between between the different speeds or the 154 00:08:41,040 --> 00:08:44,760 Speaker 1: different gears becomes a little more smooth because you've you've 155 00:08:44,920 --> 00:08:47,719 Speaker 1: refined them, You've you've made it a little more precise. Right. 156 00:08:47,720 --> 00:08:51,400 Speaker 1: It lets the engines work less hard at the specific 157 00:08:51,440 --> 00:08:53,280 Speaker 1: task that you were asking them to do at the time. 158 00:08:53,800 --> 00:08:57,080 Speaker 1: Along these lines, just just about a couple of days 159 00:08:57,080 --> 00:08:59,160 Speaker 1: ago as of the recording of this podcast, in mid 160 00:08:59,200 --> 00:09:02,800 Speaker 1: April teen GM and four General Motors of course and 161 00:09:02,840 --> 00:09:05,440 Speaker 1: Ford announced that they're going to to work together to 162 00:09:05,559 --> 00:09:09,560 Speaker 1: develop nine and ten speed transmissions. I'm assuming those are 163 00:09:09,600 --> 00:09:11,880 Speaker 1: automatic transmissions at this point, because that sounds like a 164 00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:16,760 Speaker 1: very large gearshift that will, you know, for for consumer vehicles, 165 00:09:16,760 --> 00:09:19,720 Speaker 1: and that will uh, you know, save gas mileage. It 166 00:09:19,720 --> 00:09:22,160 Speaker 1: could it could raise gas mileage by five to ten percent, 167 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:25,160 Speaker 1: which is you know, not no insignificant, right, and then 168 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:28,120 Speaker 1: you're talking about decreased environmental impact. There are a lot 169 00:09:28,160 --> 00:09:31,679 Speaker 1: of other benefits that roll out through these, uh some 170 00:09:31,720 --> 00:09:34,880 Speaker 1: people might call them small evolutionary changes, but they can 171 00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:38,520 Speaker 1: make a big difference down the road. Did not mean 172 00:09:38,559 --> 00:09:41,520 Speaker 1: to do a pun there one goes out the crystal edge, 173 00:09:41,559 --> 00:09:43,719 Speaker 1: accidental puns. We don't we don't need any of those. 174 00:09:43,760 --> 00:09:45,520 Speaker 1: Doesn't mean to do it, all right, So so you 175 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:49,120 Speaker 1: might be thinking, all right, how does this whole torque 176 00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:51,640 Speaker 1: shifting thing work? And we're going to get into the 177 00:09:51,679 --> 00:09:55,719 Speaker 1: actual mechanics literally of it in a little bit, but 178 00:09:55,880 --> 00:09:59,720 Speaker 1: in general, think of two gears. All right. If you 179 00:09:59,760 --> 00:10:02,439 Speaker 1: have two gears are the same size, and they are 180 00:10:02,679 --> 00:10:05,920 Speaker 1: they have teeth that interlock. When you turn one gear, 181 00:10:06,160 --> 00:10:08,679 Speaker 1: the other gear is going to turn at that same rate. 182 00:10:08,679 --> 00:10:10,439 Speaker 1: It's going to be the same number of revolutions per 183 00:10:10,440 --> 00:10:12,680 Speaker 1: minute because they are the same size, same same number 184 00:10:12,720 --> 00:10:15,600 Speaker 1: of teeth, all that kind of stuff. Now, let's say 185 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:19,480 Speaker 1: that you have a large gear and a smaller gear 186 00:10:19,880 --> 00:10:22,800 Speaker 1: and they are interlocking and you're turning the large gear, 187 00:10:23,040 --> 00:10:25,720 Speaker 1: that smaller gear is going to do more revolutions per 188 00:10:25,880 --> 00:10:28,280 Speaker 1: minute than the large gear. You know, when you go 189 00:10:28,400 --> 00:10:30,960 Speaker 1: from the starting point all the way back around to 190 00:10:31,000 --> 00:10:33,080 Speaker 1: the starting point in the large gear, the small one 191 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:35,600 Speaker 1: may have turned three or four times, depending upon the 192 00:10:35,720 --> 00:10:38,760 Speaker 1: ratio between the two. Right, same thing. If you have 193 00:10:39,000 --> 00:10:41,240 Speaker 1: a small gear in a large gear and you're turning 194 00:10:41,240 --> 00:10:43,280 Speaker 1: the small gear, you're gonna have to turn that small 195 00:10:43,280 --> 00:10:47,720 Speaker 1: gear several times, you know, large gear to right exactly. 196 00:10:47,760 --> 00:10:51,000 Speaker 1: And and these these differences in speed also result in 197 00:10:51,040 --> 00:10:54,400 Speaker 1: a difference in torque. So that's what's going to become 198 00:10:54,440 --> 00:10:57,920 Speaker 1: important when we start talking about the actual process of 199 00:10:58,040 --> 00:11:02,000 Speaker 1: shifting and what's going on with the transmission. For us 200 00:11:02,040 --> 00:11:03,760 Speaker 1: to understand that, we're really gonna have to take a 201 00:11:03,800 --> 00:11:07,400 Speaker 1: look at the entire drive train of a vehicle, which 202 00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:12,080 Speaker 1: is both exciting and intimidating to me. I think, so, 203 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:14,000 Speaker 1: I think it's really cool. It's this is this is 204 00:11:14,040 --> 00:11:16,840 Speaker 1: really entertaining physics to me, because I have I have 205 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:20,760 Speaker 1: I mean, Jonathan doesn't really drive. No, Jonathan doesn't drive. 206 00:11:21,000 --> 00:11:23,280 Speaker 1: Don't don't even bother putting the word really in there. 207 00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:27,320 Speaker 1: Jonathan does not drive. We wait, we fortunately have a 208 00:11:27,400 --> 00:11:31,480 Speaker 1: limitedly robust public transport system. I can get land, I 209 00:11:31,520 --> 00:11:35,040 Speaker 1: can get generally to where I need to go. Um uh, 210 00:11:35,120 --> 00:11:37,280 Speaker 1: and I do drive. But I'm a very I'm not 211 00:11:37,600 --> 00:11:40,200 Speaker 1: I'm not particularly a car person. So but this is so, 212 00:11:40,240 --> 00:11:42,439 Speaker 1: this is going to be an exciting Yes. I will 213 00:11:42,480 --> 00:11:46,520 Speaker 1: ask Lauren about her experiences with manual transmissions later on 214 00:11:46,600 --> 00:11:49,160 Speaker 1: in the podcast, So stay tuned to find out about 215 00:11:49,200 --> 00:11:53,120 Speaker 1: Lauren's own personal adventures with this technology. All right, let's 216 00:11:53,160 --> 00:11:56,920 Speaker 1: get back to how transmissions actually work. So to do this, 217 00:11:56,960 --> 00:12:00,400 Speaker 1: we have to look at the entire si stum that 218 00:12:00,480 --> 00:12:03,560 Speaker 1: makes the car go. All right, and you're you're only 219 00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:06,440 Speaker 1: interacting in this five speed manual transmission that we were 220 00:12:06,440 --> 00:12:09,000 Speaker 1: talking about with with two bits of the clutch and 221 00:12:09,040 --> 00:12:11,760 Speaker 1: the gearshift. Yeah yeah, but but there's a lot going 222 00:12:11,840 --> 00:12:15,560 Speaker 1: on under this, Yes, a whole lot. And so first 223 00:12:15,640 --> 00:12:18,160 Speaker 1: we need to just understand what these what these different 224 00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:22,040 Speaker 1: parts are. So you've got your car's engine. This is 225 00:12:22,080 --> 00:12:26,120 Speaker 1: the thing that makes it go. Ultimately, as you are 226 00:12:26,520 --> 00:12:29,480 Speaker 1: depressing the gas pedal, you are putting in more fuel 227 00:12:29,559 --> 00:12:32,640 Speaker 1: to the engine, which is then generating more uh power. 228 00:12:32,760 --> 00:12:35,160 Speaker 1: It creates more kinnetic energy in the form of the 229 00:12:35,200 --> 00:12:39,200 Speaker 1: pistons moving up and down. Those pistons are connected to 230 00:12:39,480 --> 00:12:44,240 Speaker 1: a crank shaft, which converts the reciprocating motion that's the 231 00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:47,840 Speaker 1: up and down motion of the pistons, into rotary motion, 232 00:12:47,880 --> 00:12:51,880 Speaker 1: meaning it's turning into turning in a circular pattern. Now, 233 00:12:51,960 --> 00:12:55,360 Speaker 1: so the crank shaft goes from the up down motion 234 00:12:55,360 --> 00:12:58,080 Speaker 1: to the rotation motion, which is the very basis of 235 00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:02,559 Speaker 1: everything else that's going to have. And now the crankshaft 236 00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:07,520 Speaker 1: connects to a flywheel. Now, the fly wheel transmits this 237 00:13:07,600 --> 00:13:11,480 Speaker 1: rotary rotary motion to a clutch plate, and the clutch 238 00:13:11,520 --> 00:13:15,120 Speaker 1: plate is but eventually connects to that clutch pedal. Yeah. Yeah. 239 00:13:15,160 --> 00:13:17,840 Speaker 1: In fact, there's a pressure plate that is pressed up 240 00:13:17,880 --> 00:13:20,520 Speaker 1: against the clutch plate, right, So the pressure plate, when 241 00:13:20,559 --> 00:13:24,280 Speaker 1: it's in contact with the clutch plate, allows this rotary 242 00:13:24,360 --> 00:13:27,400 Speaker 1: motion to transmit through the rest of the of the 243 00:13:27,520 --> 00:13:31,320 Speaker 1: vehicle's drivetrain. So when these two things are in contact 244 00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:35,319 Speaker 1: with one another, uh, as long as the engine is going, 245 00:13:35,520 --> 00:13:40,520 Speaker 1: then there is some sort of rotation being transmitted at 246 00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:43,600 Speaker 1: that point, assuming you're not in just a neutral So 247 00:13:44,320 --> 00:13:45,920 Speaker 1: what happens when you hit the clutch, Well, when you 248 00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:49,960 Speaker 1: hit the clutch, the pressure plate rises up off of 249 00:13:50,360 --> 00:13:54,400 Speaker 1: lifts off the clutch plate. Once the pressure plates separates 250 00:13:54,440 --> 00:13:57,880 Speaker 1: from the clutch plate, all power is cut off to 251 00:13:57,960 --> 00:14:00,880 Speaker 1: the best of the transmission, the rest of the transmission exactly. 252 00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:04,160 Speaker 1: So so while the engine is still going, uh, it 253 00:14:04,280 --> 00:14:09,120 Speaker 1: is not providing rotary force to the transmission and wheels, 254 00:14:09,240 --> 00:14:12,080 Speaker 1: which is what allows you to shift gears exactly without 255 00:14:12,240 --> 00:14:14,680 Speaker 1: making things explode. All right, this is why you why 256 00:14:14,720 --> 00:14:18,240 Speaker 1: if you're driving a manual, you know, driving stick, you 257 00:14:18,280 --> 00:14:20,880 Speaker 1: have to hit the clutch first, because that ends up 258 00:14:20,920 --> 00:14:23,200 Speaker 1: pulling that pressure plate off so that you are able 259 00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:27,000 Speaker 1: to shift gears without making the horrible grinding noise and 260 00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:31,080 Speaker 1: destroying your big brother's vehicle. Uh. I say big brother, 261 00:14:31,120 --> 00:14:34,840 Speaker 1: because I know a guy who did do that. Yeah, 262 00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:38,440 Speaker 1: I was not there, thankfully. So assuming that the clutch 263 00:14:38,480 --> 00:14:40,800 Speaker 1: plate and pressure plate are in contact with one another, 264 00:14:40,840 --> 00:14:43,760 Speaker 1: you you have not just hit the clutch. Um it 265 00:14:43,880 --> 00:14:49,640 Speaker 1: is then providing that rotary motion to the gearbox shaft. Now, 266 00:14:49,680 --> 00:14:53,520 Speaker 1: the gearbox consists of several parts itself. You've got the 267 00:14:54,920 --> 00:14:57,200 Speaker 1: main well, You've got a lay shaft which is connect 268 00:14:57,240 --> 00:15:00,240 Speaker 1: to that gearbox shaft. You've got a main shaft aft 269 00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:04,360 Speaker 1: and you've got several gears attached to both. You also 270 00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:07,560 Speaker 1: have something that's either called a dog clutch or a collar, 271 00:15:07,720 --> 00:15:10,800 Speaker 1: depending upon who you're talking to, and that is what 272 00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:14,520 Speaker 1: is connected to a selector mechanism, which in the case 273 00:15:14,560 --> 00:15:16,680 Speaker 1: of most vehicles, we think of as the stick shift, 274 00:15:16,680 --> 00:15:21,560 Speaker 1: the manual shift. So, uh, the lay shaft is has 275 00:15:21,600 --> 00:15:25,560 Speaker 1: got gears that are actually part of that shaft. They're 276 00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:29,760 Speaker 1: they're they're splind spleened. Spleened is probably not the correct pronunciation, 277 00:15:29,760 --> 00:15:32,760 Speaker 1: And I'm going to assume it's splend directly to the shaft. 278 00:15:32,960 --> 00:15:36,400 Speaker 1: In other words, it's got a direct attachment. So as 279 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:39,800 Speaker 1: the chaft turns, so do the gears. Those gears have 280 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:43,720 Speaker 1: teeth along the edges and they interlocke with gears that 281 00:15:43,760 --> 00:15:45,800 Speaker 1: are on the main shaft. But here's the big difference 282 00:15:45,840 --> 00:15:47,640 Speaker 1: between the gears on the lay shaft and the ones 283 00:15:47,640 --> 00:15:49,960 Speaker 1: on the main shaft. The gears on the main shaft 284 00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:53,480 Speaker 1: are mounted on ball bearings, so they can spend freely 285 00:15:53,680 --> 00:15:57,080 Speaker 1: around the axis of the main shaft without actually turning 286 00:15:57,240 --> 00:15:59,200 Speaker 1: the main shift right, They're just kind of ghosting along 287 00:15:59,240 --> 00:16:01,920 Speaker 1: over it into well, they become connected to the shaft 288 00:16:02,120 --> 00:16:04,680 Speaker 1: through another piece of technology. Yeah, that would be the 289 00:16:04,720 --> 00:16:09,080 Speaker 1: collar or dog clutch. Now, this is attached directly to 290 00:16:09,120 --> 00:16:11,240 Speaker 1: the main shaft. It can slide to the left or 291 00:16:11,320 --> 00:16:14,680 Speaker 1: right along the main shaft, but if it turns, the 292 00:16:14,720 --> 00:16:18,680 Speaker 1: main shaft turns. So by interlocking the color with the 293 00:16:18,800 --> 00:16:21,880 Speaker 1: side of one of these main shaft gears, both both 294 00:16:21,880 --> 00:16:24,920 Speaker 1: the collar and the main shaft gears have teeth have 295 00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:29,120 Speaker 1: teeth along the sides of them so that they can interlock. Yeah, exactly, So, 296 00:16:29,120 --> 00:16:31,320 Speaker 1: so imagine that I think of it this way. You've 297 00:16:31,360 --> 00:16:34,240 Speaker 1: got a gear that's got teeth along the outer edge 298 00:16:34,520 --> 00:16:36,840 Speaker 1: like a like you would see in a typical gear, 299 00:16:37,200 --> 00:16:40,400 Speaker 1: but you also have if you're looking at it from 300 00:16:40,440 --> 00:16:42,320 Speaker 1: from one of the sides, so you're not looking at 301 00:16:42,320 --> 00:16:44,640 Speaker 1: it headlong. You've turned it sideways, so you're looking at 302 00:16:44,680 --> 00:16:46,920 Speaker 1: it like you know, like a plate you're holding it up, 303 00:16:47,320 --> 00:16:50,760 Speaker 1: it would have teeth and holes along the surface that 304 00:16:50,760 --> 00:16:53,960 Speaker 1: you're actually looking at, and those interlock with the collar 305 00:16:54,160 --> 00:16:56,800 Speaker 1: or dog clutch, right, they kind of sandwich together. Right, 306 00:16:56,840 --> 00:16:59,800 Speaker 1: So what happens is the lay shaft gears turn that 307 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:02,360 Speaker 1: makes the main shaft gears turn, and if the collar 308 00:17:02,720 --> 00:17:07,719 Speaker 1: is is engaged in that particular mainshaft gear. Then the 309 00:17:07,760 --> 00:17:11,320 Speaker 1: main shaft turns. Uh. I know, it sounds really confusing. 310 00:17:11,320 --> 00:17:14,840 Speaker 1: It's a little difficult to get across without having visual effects. 311 00:17:14,840 --> 00:17:18,520 Speaker 1: We will, by the way link on Facebook two pictures 312 00:17:18,520 --> 00:17:20,560 Speaker 1: and videos of this, so it makes it easier to 313 00:17:20,560 --> 00:17:24,520 Speaker 1: to to visualize and understand. But once you've got that 314 00:17:24,560 --> 00:17:28,439 Speaker 1: main shaft turning, that's what then provides rotary motion to 315 00:17:28,480 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 1: the differential. The differential's job is to to turn that 316 00:17:33,119 --> 00:17:36,480 Speaker 1: rotary motion ninety degrees because at this point, before you 317 00:17:36,560 --> 00:17:40,880 Speaker 1: hit the differential, that rotation is perpendicular to the wheels, 318 00:17:41,520 --> 00:17:43,879 Speaker 1: which would not work. You wouldn't get the wheels to 319 00:17:43,920 --> 00:17:46,159 Speaker 1: turn that way. Not very useful. Now, yeah, you have 320 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:50,320 Speaker 1: to turn that rotor rotation, that motion to be parallel 321 00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:51,840 Speaker 1: with the wheels in order to get them to turn. 322 00:17:51,920 --> 00:17:54,160 Speaker 1: So you can go forward or backward, depending upon which 323 00:17:54,200 --> 00:17:57,960 Speaker 1: gear is is engaged. So the differential is a set 324 00:17:58,000 --> 00:18:01,080 Speaker 1: of gears that transmits this dy degrees, so you can 325 00:18:01,119 --> 00:18:05,199 Speaker 1: do that again. This is your basic five speed manual 326 00:18:05,240 --> 00:18:11,000 Speaker 1: transmission with rear wheel drive. So that's the basic layout. 327 00:18:11,200 --> 00:18:14,240 Speaker 1: But what's going on with the transmission alright? So remember 328 00:18:14,280 --> 00:18:16,280 Speaker 1: I said that you had the lay shaft and the 329 00:18:16,280 --> 00:18:18,840 Speaker 1: main shaft, both of which have gears on them. So 330 00:18:18,960 --> 00:18:22,720 Speaker 1: imagine that the lay shaft gears are set up so 331 00:18:22,880 --> 00:18:26,320 Speaker 1: it's gears that are increasing in size as you go 332 00:18:26,480 --> 00:18:30,000 Speaker 1: from gear one to gear five, and then you have 333 00:18:30,600 --> 00:18:34,600 Speaker 1: the your Your final gear on that shaft is for reverse. 334 00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:36,399 Speaker 1: It's about the same size as the one that's going 335 00:18:36,440 --> 00:18:38,719 Speaker 1: to be on the main shaft. Along the main shaft, 336 00:18:38,760 --> 00:18:41,359 Speaker 1: of course, the gears are going to be in reverse 337 00:18:41,680 --> 00:18:44,840 Speaker 1: order of size. So for the small lay shaft gear, 338 00:18:44,920 --> 00:18:48,040 Speaker 1: you have a large main shaft gear, The next main 339 00:18:48,040 --> 00:18:50,240 Speaker 1: shaft gear is a little smaller, the next one a 340 00:18:50,240 --> 00:18:52,920 Speaker 1: little smaller, and a little smaller, so by the time 341 00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:55,320 Speaker 1: you get to fifth gear, you've got a large lay 342 00:18:55,320 --> 00:18:59,720 Speaker 1: shaft gear and a small main shaft gear. This is 343 00:18:59,720 --> 00:19:02,639 Speaker 1: all because of that that relationship between speed and torque 344 00:19:02,680 --> 00:19:05,600 Speaker 1: I was talking about. So if you've got a small 345 00:19:05,720 --> 00:19:09,080 Speaker 1: lay shaft gear turning a large mainshaft gear, that means 346 00:19:09,119 --> 00:19:12,480 Speaker 1: that the larger mainscheft gear has more torque but less speed. 347 00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:16,040 Speaker 1: So that's important when you are accelerating from a stop 348 00:19:16,480 --> 00:19:18,879 Speaker 1: so your car has not started moving, you want to 349 00:19:18,920 --> 00:19:22,080 Speaker 1: engage that small gear on the lay shaft to turn 350 00:19:22,160 --> 00:19:24,760 Speaker 1: the large gear on the main shaft so that you 351 00:19:24,800 --> 00:19:28,640 Speaker 1: will start to accelerate from a stopped position. Now, once 352 00:19:28,680 --> 00:19:32,320 Speaker 1: you start speeding up, you are eventually going to require 353 00:19:32,440 --> 00:19:34,760 Speaker 1: the engine to do more power, more work than what 354 00:19:34,800 --> 00:19:36,919 Speaker 1: it is comfortable doing. That's when you need to shift 355 00:19:37,040 --> 00:19:40,439 Speaker 1: to second gear, which will be a decrease in torque 356 00:19:40,600 --> 00:19:43,600 Speaker 1: but an increase in speed. And it's because that gear 357 00:19:43,720 --> 00:19:46,120 Speaker 1: ratio has changed. The lay cheft gear is a little 358 00:19:46,160 --> 00:19:48,560 Speaker 1: larger for gear too, and the main shift gears a 359 00:19:48,640 --> 00:19:51,280 Speaker 1: little smaller for gear too. That's where you get that 360 00:19:51,400 --> 00:19:54,480 Speaker 1: change in torque and speed. And this is true for 361 00:19:54,480 --> 00:19:57,960 Speaker 1: for each speed step up, for each gear step up. Yeah, exactly. 362 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:00,680 Speaker 1: So once you get up to gear five, if that's 363 00:20:00,680 --> 00:20:04,360 Speaker 1: when you're going really really fast, but I don't know, yeah, 364 00:20:04,359 --> 00:20:08,120 Speaker 1: about as fast as the engine can hand without you know, 365 00:20:08,280 --> 00:20:12,160 Speaker 1: having you drive off a cliff dukes of Hazzard style, 366 00:20:12,320 --> 00:20:14,879 Speaker 1: in which case gravity takes control in your acceleration is 367 00:20:14,880 --> 00:20:20,160 Speaker 1: completely dependent upon that. But that's the general progression. So 368 00:20:20,680 --> 00:20:23,480 Speaker 1: if you're looking at how does the power flow, I'll 369 00:20:23,480 --> 00:20:25,760 Speaker 1: walk you through it one more time. So power goes 370 00:20:25,800 --> 00:20:29,920 Speaker 1: like this engine to pistons. Pistons to crankshaft, crank shaft 371 00:20:29,960 --> 00:20:33,479 Speaker 1: to flywheel, flywheel to gear shaft, gear cheft to lay shaft, 372 00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:36,840 Speaker 1: lay cheft to lay shaft gears, lay shaft gears to 373 00:20:36,960 --> 00:20:40,320 Speaker 1: main shaft gears, mainshift gears to the dog clutch or 374 00:20:40,480 --> 00:20:45,080 Speaker 1: color color to main shaft, main shaft to differential, differential 375 00:20:45,119 --> 00:20:47,640 Speaker 1: to wheels and the wheels on the bus go round 376 00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:53,359 Speaker 1: and round the red things connected to my wristwatch. Yeah, 377 00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:56,680 Speaker 1: there you go. And so, uh, when when you are 378 00:20:56,720 --> 00:20:59,200 Speaker 1: shifting gears, what what's actually happening is again you hit 379 00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:02,960 Speaker 1: the clutch. It then separates the power of the engine 380 00:21:03,040 --> 00:21:07,359 Speaker 1: from the from the gearbox down the line. So that 381 00:21:07,400 --> 00:21:10,960 Speaker 1: allows you to move the collar or dog clutch from 382 00:21:11,000 --> 00:21:12,840 Speaker 1: one of those gears to another. And if if you 383 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:16,119 Speaker 1: want to visualize it, imagine that you've got a horizontal 384 00:21:16,160 --> 00:21:20,159 Speaker 1: pole and you've got gears going from the largest to 385 00:21:20,400 --> 00:21:22,720 Speaker 1: the smallest and in reverse, which is kind of a 386 00:21:22,760 --> 00:21:24,640 Speaker 1: medium sized gear. I'll get the reverse in a minute, 387 00:21:24,640 --> 00:21:26,359 Speaker 1: because that one's kind of interesting, like how do you 388 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:30,160 Speaker 1: make it go backwards? You might say, well, um, you've 389 00:21:30,160 --> 00:21:34,359 Speaker 1: got this this range of gears between each set of two, 390 00:21:34,800 --> 00:21:38,200 Speaker 1: you've got one of those dog clutches or collars that's 391 00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:42,760 Speaker 1: directly attached to the main shaft, all right, so that 392 00:21:42,760 --> 00:21:45,200 Speaker 1: that collar can move to the left or right along 393 00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:48,439 Speaker 1: this horizontal pole and engage either of the two gears 394 00:21:48,480 --> 00:21:50,480 Speaker 1: that are on either side of it. And there, yeah, 395 00:21:50,520 --> 00:21:52,840 Speaker 1: there's set of these in a in a manual five speed, 396 00:21:52,840 --> 00:21:55,560 Speaker 1: there's going to be three of these collars, right because 397 00:21:55,640 --> 00:21:58,879 Speaker 1: between gears one and two, gears three and four and 398 00:21:58,920 --> 00:22:02,920 Speaker 1: gears five and verse, or you know, whatever configuration there are, 399 00:22:03,160 --> 00:22:05,760 Speaker 1: that's that's where the collars would be and they would 400 00:22:05,840 --> 00:22:08,480 Speaker 1: be able to engage either of the two whichever one 401 00:22:08,760 --> 00:22:12,200 Speaker 1: on either side. So if you're in gear number one 402 00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:15,160 Speaker 1: and you're speeding up to gear number two, you hit 403 00:22:15,200 --> 00:22:18,119 Speaker 1: the clutch, the pressure plate comes off, the clutch plate. 404 00:22:18,600 --> 00:22:21,639 Speaker 1: Power is cut off to the from the engine to 405 00:22:21,640 --> 00:22:25,760 Speaker 1: the transmission exactly. Uh. And then as you shift the 406 00:22:25,920 --> 00:22:29,360 Speaker 1: gear shift from one to two, the dog collar disengages 407 00:22:29,400 --> 00:22:34,479 Speaker 1: from one and moves into the gear too, locks in place. 408 00:22:35,240 --> 00:22:38,679 Speaker 1: By that time, you've you've let off of the clutch 409 00:22:39,320 --> 00:22:43,200 Speaker 1: and the power gets re engaged and it just starts 410 00:22:43,240 --> 00:22:47,200 Speaker 1: turning or it allows that main gear, that main shift 411 00:22:47,240 --> 00:22:51,639 Speaker 1: gear to turn that dog collar at that point it 412 00:22:51,680 --> 00:22:56,800 Speaker 1: goes torques decreased speed is increased, yes, um and uh. 413 00:22:56,800 --> 00:22:59,040 Speaker 1: And that is the grinding that you hear. Actually, if 414 00:22:59,040 --> 00:23:01,159 Speaker 1: you miss shift, it's going to be the teeth on 415 00:23:01,200 --> 00:23:03,480 Speaker 1: the side of the collar against the teeth on the 416 00:23:03,520 --> 00:23:06,800 Speaker 1: side of the main shaft gear that it's trying and failing. 417 00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:09,560 Speaker 1: It has nothing to do with the lay shaft. That's 418 00:23:09,640 --> 00:23:11,879 Speaker 1: always going to the lay shaft and main and main 419 00:23:11,920 --> 00:23:14,359 Speaker 1: shaft gears are always going to be turning at the 420 00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:17,240 Speaker 1: same general speed depending upon how much power you're giving 421 00:23:17,240 --> 00:23:20,320 Speaker 1: the engine. They are not. It has nothing to do 422 00:23:20,359 --> 00:23:22,600 Speaker 1: with the lay shaft at all. It's just that main 423 00:23:22,600 --> 00:23:27,000 Speaker 1: shaft gear although in originally in manual transmissions they were 424 00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:29,800 Speaker 1: called sliding gear transmissions, and the main shaft gears were 425 00:23:29,800 --> 00:23:32,159 Speaker 1: in fact s blind to the main shaft so so 426 00:23:32,200 --> 00:23:35,480 Speaker 1: they weren't on those ball bearings, they weren't floating along it, 427 00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:38,240 Speaker 1: so which which meant that the grinding noise that you 428 00:23:38,240 --> 00:23:42,240 Speaker 1: would hear in those originals was in fact the teeth 429 00:23:42,520 --> 00:23:45,000 Speaker 1: of the main shaft gears failing to line up and 430 00:23:45,040 --> 00:23:47,800 Speaker 1: grinding against the lay shaft gears. I would imagine you 431 00:23:47,800 --> 00:23:50,000 Speaker 1: would only have one lay shaft gear and you would 432 00:23:50,040 --> 00:23:54,080 Speaker 1: have variable main shaft gear sizes, and that's what would 433 00:23:54,119 --> 00:23:55,800 Speaker 1: you know? It would just shift along those That's how 434 00:23:55,840 --> 00:23:57,880 Speaker 1: I would imagine that would work. Of course I don't 435 00:23:57,880 --> 00:24:00,480 Speaker 1: know because I didn't look into that. But that's that's 436 00:24:00,560 --> 00:24:04,080 Speaker 1: my first reaction, based upon how how the typical five 437 00:24:04,080 --> 00:24:06,680 Speaker 1: speed manual transmission card works. I didn't look that deeply 438 00:24:06,720 --> 00:24:09,119 Speaker 1: into it, so I can I can neither confirm nor deny. 439 00:24:09,920 --> 00:24:11,680 Speaker 1: I'm sure one of my listeners will take me to 440 00:24:11,720 --> 00:24:13,960 Speaker 1: task and explain how I got that completely wrong. That 441 00:24:14,040 --> 00:24:16,560 Speaker 1: was just me guessing from based upon my understanding of 442 00:24:16,560 --> 00:24:19,959 Speaker 1: the other the other method. So so reverse, how does 443 00:24:20,040 --> 00:24:23,360 Speaker 1: reverse work? Reverse is interesting because you actually have three gears, 444 00:24:23,520 --> 00:24:26,520 Speaker 1: not just the two, Not just the lay shaft gear 445 00:24:26,560 --> 00:24:29,080 Speaker 1: and the main shaft gear. There's a tiny little gear 446 00:24:29,160 --> 00:24:33,080 Speaker 1: in between them called the idler gear. Now, because you 447 00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:35,879 Speaker 1: have a third gear there that's in between two gears, 448 00:24:35,920 --> 00:24:39,879 Speaker 1: you actually reverse the rotational direction for the main shaft gear. 449 00:24:40,760 --> 00:24:44,080 Speaker 1: So while all the other let's let's use you know, 450 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:47,840 Speaker 1: clockwise and counterclockwise, while all the other main shaft gears 451 00:24:47,840 --> 00:24:51,919 Speaker 1: maybe turning in a clockwise motion based upon your perspective, 452 00:24:52,119 --> 00:24:55,000 Speaker 1: the reverse one will be moving in a counterclockwise motion 453 00:24:55,119 --> 00:24:59,640 Speaker 1: or winter Shans for my Shakespearean friends, because that other, 454 00:24:59,720 --> 00:25:02,359 Speaker 1: that tiny little gear is all that needs to happen 455 00:25:02,400 --> 00:25:04,679 Speaker 1: to h to reverse that motion. This is easy to 456 00:25:04,760 --> 00:25:07,120 Speaker 1: see if you ever have gears just to play with. 457 00:25:07,800 --> 00:25:09,960 Speaker 1: So if you interlock two gears and you and you 458 00:25:10,040 --> 00:25:13,040 Speaker 1: turn them, you'll see that based upon the rotation of one, 459 00:25:13,080 --> 00:25:14,760 Speaker 1: the rotation together is always going to be the same. 460 00:25:15,040 --> 00:25:18,119 Speaker 1: When you put a another gear between them and you 461 00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:20,879 Speaker 1: turn the first one the third one, the third gear 462 00:25:20,960 --> 00:25:22,800 Speaker 1: that used to be the second gear is now turning 463 00:25:22,800 --> 00:25:25,760 Speaker 1: in the opposite direction as it did before because you've 464 00:25:25,760 --> 00:25:30,560 Speaker 1: got that that intermediary gear, the idler gear. So that's 465 00:25:30,600 --> 00:25:33,199 Speaker 1: what happens when you switch into reverse. It uh it 466 00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:36,960 Speaker 1: the collar engages with the main shaft gear that is 467 00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:39,280 Speaker 1: being turned by this idler gear that in turn is 468 00:25:39,320 --> 00:25:45,280 Speaker 1: being turned by the lay shaft gear. And to everything turn, turn, turn, 469 00:25:45,359 --> 00:25:49,439 Speaker 1: there is this ask your parents, all right? So uh, 470 00:25:50,160 --> 00:25:54,399 Speaker 1: that's that's the basis for manual transmission. Automatic transmission is 471 00:25:54,400 --> 00:25:57,119 Speaker 1: a little a lot more complicated because we would be 472 00:25:57,160 --> 00:26:01,600 Speaker 1: talking about planetary gears, which include and I'm not making 473 00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:03,880 Speaker 1: this up for people who are unfamiliar with It includes 474 00:26:03,920 --> 00:26:06,480 Speaker 1: a planet gear, of sun gear and a ring gear, 475 00:26:07,160 --> 00:26:11,199 Speaker 1: but it's all incorporated into one component, and it it 476 00:26:11,320 --> 00:26:14,560 Speaker 1: might as well be magic. Uh, it is beyond my ken. 477 00:26:15,160 --> 00:26:17,359 Speaker 1: I know that Scott understands it backwards and forwards, and 478 00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:18,840 Speaker 1: if he were in this room right now, he would 479 00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:22,359 Speaker 1: just be quietly chuckling to himself, not in the mean way, 480 00:26:23,080 --> 00:26:28,040 Speaker 1: just in his money. Yeah, it's so cute that you're 481 00:26:28,080 --> 00:26:31,960 Speaker 1: trying kind of way. But now comes the important part 482 00:26:31,960 --> 00:26:36,000 Speaker 1: of our podcast, Lauren, I want to know about your 483 00:26:36,040 --> 00:26:42,480 Speaker 1: experiences driving a stick shift car because I have none. Yeah. Yeah, 484 00:26:42,520 --> 00:26:46,320 Speaker 1: the well, I've I've never um done a whole lot 485 00:26:46,440 --> 00:26:50,280 Speaker 1: of time driving stick shift cars. This is a very 486 00:26:50,440 --> 00:26:53,480 Speaker 1: brief series of lessons that I received from from from 487 00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:55,880 Speaker 1: one of the first people that I dated, Bob, who 488 00:26:56,000 --> 00:26:59,800 Speaker 1: was a big car enthusiast and was really keen on 489 00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:03,119 Speaker 1: teaching me how to drive a stick And so the 490 00:27:03,160 --> 00:27:06,000 Speaker 1: first time that I got into this, yeah, I had driven, 491 00:27:06,160 --> 00:27:08,720 Speaker 1: I'd driven automatics before, so I was I was passingly 492 00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:12,160 Speaker 1: familiar anyway with how cars worked. But but I got 493 00:27:12,200 --> 00:27:14,239 Speaker 1: in and I sat down and he was like, all right, 494 00:27:14,240 --> 00:27:16,800 Speaker 1: well you're a neutral, so um, so you're gonna want 495 00:27:16,840 --> 00:27:22,240 Speaker 1: to disengage the clutch, and I was like, clutch where 496 00:27:22,400 --> 00:27:26,199 Speaker 1: this was where Bob learns that perhaps there's a preliminary 497 00:27:26,280 --> 00:27:30,200 Speaker 1: lesson that needs to be taught before the practical. Yeah, 498 00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:33,560 Speaker 1: it was, it was, it was. It was a slow start. Well, 499 00:27:33,640 --> 00:27:36,359 Speaker 1: I have to admit, like I I used to a 500 00:27:36,400 --> 00:27:38,439 Speaker 1: friend of mine every now and then we get a 501 00:27:38,480 --> 00:27:41,640 Speaker 1: chance to drive his mother's car. And his mother's car 502 00:27:41,840 --> 00:27:45,000 Speaker 1: was a manual transmission, and I used to take both 503 00:27:45,080 --> 00:27:49,720 Speaker 1: delight and genuine terror, uh, the experience of screaming whenever 504 00:27:49,800 --> 00:27:52,520 Speaker 1: he would start to pull out of our high school 505 00:27:52,640 --> 00:27:56,080 Speaker 1: parking lot and halfway through the turn the car starts 506 00:27:56,080 --> 00:27:59,280 Speaker 1: to stall out because he's not Yeah, he's not handling 507 00:27:59,320 --> 00:28:01,840 Speaker 1: the car proper, right, Right, there's when when when when 508 00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:03,960 Speaker 1: you press the clutch, there's this you um, you can 509 00:28:04,080 --> 00:28:08,000 Speaker 1: feel when it engages and disengages and um, and you 510 00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:10,320 Speaker 1: have to pay very close attention. I've noticed anyway in 511 00:28:10,320 --> 00:28:13,320 Speaker 1: the cars that I've driven to to where that is. 512 00:28:13,400 --> 00:28:15,919 Speaker 1: And that's when you can use the gear shift and 513 00:28:15,960 --> 00:28:19,000 Speaker 1: if you miss it, then you either stall out or 514 00:28:19,080 --> 00:28:23,840 Speaker 1: you get that terrible grinding noise and you're lucky, right, Yeah, 515 00:28:24,080 --> 00:28:25,639 Speaker 1: And that is that is a thing that I'm really 516 00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:27,560 Speaker 1: I'm really awful at. I could, I could always I 517 00:28:27,680 --> 00:28:29,600 Speaker 1: was fine driving out highways when I could kind of 518 00:28:29,600 --> 00:28:31,399 Speaker 1: just go up to five and hang out there for 519 00:28:31,440 --> 00:28:34,080 Speaker 1: a long time. But but once we got back into 520 00:28:34,160 --> 00:28:35,640 Speaker 1: into town, I would be like, you know what, I'm 521 00:28:35,640 --> 00:28:37,560 Speaker 1: going to pull over into the first gas station, set 522 00:28:37,560 --> 00:28:40,640 Speaker 1: it into neutral and just like leap screaming from the 523 00:28:40,680 --> 00:28:45,920 Speaker 1: car and allow somebody with more experience to handle. Alright, 524 00:28:45,960 --> 00:28:48,880 Speaker 1: note to self, Alright, so uh yeah, I mean that. 525 00:28:49,520 --> 00:28:52,720 Speaker 1: And of course people there are people who genuinely love 526 00:28:52,840 --> 00:28:56,800 Speaker 1: driving driving manual transmission cars because they have that sense 527 00:28:56,840 --> 00:29:00,080 Speaker 1: of they've got even more control over the vehicles and 528 00:29:00,080 --> 00:29:02,800 Speaker 1: and you really can feel I mean, I I understand 529 00:29:02,840 --> 00:29:04,640 Speaker 1: it's fun. I mean it's it's it's fun to to 530 00:29:04,680 --> 00:29:06,320 Speaker 1: get to to get to move stuff around and you 531 00:29:06,320 --> 00:29:08,240 Speaker 1: feel like you're a crazy action here and if you 532 00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:10,000 Speaker 1: feel the road better and you feel like you do 533 00:29:10,080 --> 00:29:13,600 Speaker 1: have more control over what the engine is doing. But 534 00:29:13,600 --> 00:29:15,880 Speaker 1: but in stop and go traffic, like for example, every 535 00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:19,920 Speaker 1: day in Atlanta, it's not something that I would particularly relish. Right, Yeah, 536 00:29:19,960 --> 00:29:24,000 Speaker 1: if you're if you're driving a nice scenic route where 537 00:29:24,040 --> 00:29:26,480 Speaker 1: there's not all that stuff and going might be a 538 00:29:26,720 --> 00:29:29,760 Speaker 1: huge blast, but in in you know, your day to 539 00:29:29,880 --> 00:29:31,840 Speaker 1: day traffic, it might be a little bit more of 540 00:29:31,880 --> 00:29:40,200 Speaker 1: a nuisance over time. 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