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Speaker 1: Hey, everybody. I don't know if you've heard, but we

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Speaker 1: have a book coming out finally, finally, after all these years.

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Speaker 1: It's great, it's fun. You're gonna love it. It's called

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Speaker 1: Stuff You Should Know Colon, an incomplete compendium of mostly

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Speaker 1: interesting things, and it's twenty six jam packed chapters that

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Speaker 1: we wrote with another guy named Knowls Parker, who's amazing

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Speaker 1: and is illustrated amazingly by our illustrator, Carl Manardo. And

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Speaker 1: it's just an all around joy to pick up and read.

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Speaker 1: Even though we haven't physically held in our hands yet,

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Speaker 1: it's like we have Chuck in our dreams so far.

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Speaker 1: I can't wait to actually see and hold this thing

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Speaker 1: and smell it, and so should you, so pre order now.

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Speaker 1: It means a lot to us. The support is a

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Speaker 1: very big deal, So pre order anywhere books are sold.

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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of My

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Speaker 1: Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, You're welcome to the

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Speaker 1: podcast Time Josh Clark, and there's Charles w Chuck Bryan

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Speaker 1: over there, and Jerry's out there somewhere, and this is

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Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know. Did I tell you about my

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Speaker 1: new hobby that started yesterday? I'll bet I can guess

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Speaker 1: watching blacksmithing videos. Yeah, I was gonna say the same thing, man, Like, Um,

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Speaker 1: I don't have any desire to blacksmith myself. Nope, I

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Speaker 1: just like watching these videos. There's something really amazing about them. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's one. I don't know if you watched. It's on YouTube.

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Speaker 1: It's called Blacksmithing Forging a Bearded Axe. No, I didn't

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Speaker 1: see that one. Oh god. It just reminds me of

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Speaker 1: the the sort of the lulling of that show how

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Speaker 1: it's made. But I watched this video and and most

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Speaker 1: of them have some sped up stuff too, because blacksmithing

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Speaker 1: takes so long that a thirty minute video, I mean

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Speaker 1: half of it is in fast motion, so it just

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Speaker 1: goes to show you and it's edited, and they always do.

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Speaker 1: They always put it to yakety sax. But it's just crazy, though,

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Speaker 1: when you see how long it takes to make this

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Speaker 1: one axe, and then you think about outfitting armies. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it just feels like it was every other person a

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Speaker 1: blacksmith and did they just do that? Yeah? I get

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Speaker 1: the impression. There was a Walt Whitman poem about blacksmith's

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Speaker 1: and he was basically like they were the most important

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Speaker 1: people in any community. Everybody loved them. They owed no

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Speaker 1: one anything because they never had any debts, because they

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Speaker 1: were so vital that anything they did probably was worth

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Speaker 1: ten times what anybody else could do for them. Um,

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Speaker 1: and they seem to have been pretty amazing people on

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Speaker 1: the whole. Yeah. I mean, and we'll talk about this more,

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Speaker 1: but when you think about just nails, yeah, and how

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Speaker 1: many nails built this country and the world, right, those

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Speaker 1: nails had to be forged. Yeah. When you watch some

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Speaker 1: of these Blacksmith videos and like you're saying, when you

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Speaker 1: do see how long it takes to just make an

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Speaker 1: average thing that you would like buy in a second

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Speaker 1: these days, it really gives you an appreciation for just

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Speaker 1: what a sea change the Industrial Revolution was where this

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Speaker 1: was automated and made converted to mass production. It just

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Speaker 1: could have never happened before, and it didn't happen before,

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Speaker 1: but it was up to the lone blacksmith to equip

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Speaker 1: their entire communities with all this stuff. Is pretty cool.

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Speaker 1: So are we gonna do blacksmith history first or the

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Speaker 1: metal history first? Um, We'll do blacksmith history first, I think, Okay,

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Speaker 1: I guess we gotta look at the name because if

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Speaker 1: you if you look at other smiths, they were a

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Speaker 1: little more specific. They were called bron smith's, um blacksmiths,

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Speaker 1: or not called iron smith's, even though they work with iron,

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Speaker 1: and most of the other smiths were named for the

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Speaker 1: metal that they work with. Silver smith. That's a good one. Yeah, God,

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Speaker 1: good silver smith. It's worth their waiting. Gold silver. Don't

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Speaker 1: bring up gold to those, Oh no, no, But black

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Speaker 1: comes from well, we're not positive, but one explanation is

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Speaker 1: blacksmith comes from the hammer scale or these scales. If

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Speaker 1: you're watching these videos, you'll see when they're hammering the stuff,

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Speaker 1: these little tiny, chunky thin not chunky actually just little

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Speaker 1: chunks of thin scales are falling off every time the

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Speaker 1: hammer it. That's the hammer scale. And it is black,

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Speaker 1: and your hands get all black and your face gets black.

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Speaker 1: Or it might have just been because iron is black.

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Speaker 1: Typically it's it's pretty dark. It's dark enough, especially wrought iron.

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Speaker 1: It's it tends to be black. So that's where they think.

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Speaker 1: One of those two reasons is where um blacksmith came from.

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Speaker 1: And the name smith itself. We actually talk about this

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Speaker 1: in our book that's coming out, you know. Um. In

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Speaker 1: the episode on Keeping Up with the jones Is, we

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Speaker 1: talked about mean the chapter yeah, yeah, the chapter I'm

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Speaker 1: keeping um in our book, we talked about how keeping

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Speaker 1: up with the Joneses could have very easily been keeping

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Speaker 1: up with the Smiths, um, because the names are so prevalent,

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Speaker 1: and in fact, smith is the most prevalent name in

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Speaker 1: the United States, and it's all derived from blacksmiths. And

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Speaker 1: just how many blacksmiths there were, because every community needed one, um.

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Speaker 1: And then if you were in a large enough community,

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Speaker 1: you had multiple blacksmiths all working because one blacksmith had

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Speaker 1: to do all this work to supply this one community

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Speaker 1: with all this stuff, um, and they could only keep

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Speaker 1: up with a certain size community, you know. Yeah, and uh,

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Speaker 1: if you had an on site thing that you were doing,

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Speaker 1: you had a blacksmith with you. If you were out

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Speaker 1: at war in battle, you had blacksmiths there because not

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Speaker 1: only do they create these weapons and the armor, but

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Speaker 1: they have to fix stuff. You know, after a big,

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Speaker 1: long day of battle, you go in and trade in

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Speaker 1: your sword and say fix this thing. And though smith

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Speaker 1: he's gotta be working around the clock. Yeah, And they

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Speaker 1: have like apprentices and help and all that kind of stuff.

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Speaker 1: But but yeah, I mean, like the you get the

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Speaker 1: impression that the community could come to a standstill when

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Speaker 1: the the blacksmith was sick for a week or something. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and there were blacksmith's doing all kinds of work all

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Speaker 1: over the place, so many that they eventually, um, and

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Speaker 1: this makes sense, would become a little more specialized. And

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Speaker 1: horses were a big deal back then. We still love

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Speaker 1: horses today, but back then they did a lot more

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Speaker 1: for humanity then just look pretty and run around in fields. Now, uh,

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Speaker 1: so they had to make horse shoes, and it was

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Speaker 1: a very specialized set of equipment for making horse shoes

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Speaker 1: as opposed to just regular blacksmithing, So that was a

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Speaker 1: very busy job. They were called farriers, and even when

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Speaker 1: blacksmithing as a whole kind of went away, there were

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Speaker 1: still farriers working. Because it's not like a shoe store

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Speaker 1: where one size fits all. Well, shoe stores aren't one

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Speaker 1: size fits all, but it's very specific to your foot

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Speaker 1: size or your hoof size as a horse, So you

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Speaker 1: can't just throw any old shoe that's close enough on there.

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Speaker 1: You gotta make them all a cart basically made the order.

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Speaker 1: I think in the fashion world, what's it called bespoke.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, that's the opposite of pretaport. And so farriers

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Speaker 1: continue to work for years and years and years, and

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Speaker 1: I think there are people that still do fairier work today,

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Speaker 1: aren't they? Sure? Sure, just to show off. Sure, but

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Speaker 1: I guess you kind of spoiled the ending. Blacksmiths aren't

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Speaker 1: really around much today because of of industrialization, but they

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Speaker 1: were Inoklyn, New York. Yeah, they are for about two

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Speaker 1: thousand years. They were extraordinarily important to society. Um. But

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Speaker 1: you know, society was around for for a very long

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Speaker 1: time before blacksmith came around. So there's this this really

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Speaker 1: important window in the historical development of human society that blacksmiths,

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Speaker 1: you know, existed in UM. Prior to that, you know,

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Speaker 1: we had tools, but they were mostly made of stone. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And then at some point somebody said, hey, if you

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Speaker 1: put tin and copper together, you can come up with

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Speaker 1: a stuff called bronze. And it's pretty great. You can

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Speaker 1: make some pretty neat things with it. And one of

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Speaker 1: the things about bronze is that it has a fairly

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Speaker 1: low melting point, something like um hundred and forty two

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Speaker 1: degrees fahrenheit degrees celsius, which you could get a hot

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Speaker 1: camp fire to that that temperature to melt melt into

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Speaker 1: molten liquid bronze, which means that you can create casts

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Speaker 1: and molds, and you can pour that molten bronze into it,

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Speaker 1: and as it cools, you've got a handy sword that

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Speaker 1: you can make over and over and over again. So

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Speaker 1: bronze fulfilled this purpose for tools for many thousands of years,

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Speaker 1: so much of the um and and these metals were

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Speaker 1: so important that we go back and call these historical

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Speaker 1: ages by the name of the metal tools that were

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Speaker 1: being produced. So you got the Bronze Age, and then

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Speaker 1: that was eventually followed by the Iron Age. And one

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Speaker 1: thing that stuck out to me, Chuck, I hadn't realized before,

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Speaker 1: is that um you think of history is progressing, you know, constantly.

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Speaker 1: But the Bronn's Age, even though it was followed by

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Speaker 1: the Iron Age, the Iron Age marked a period of

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Speaker 1: cultural decline where the Bronze Age, which had come previously,

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Speaker 1: was a period of cultural blossoming. But for the first

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Speaker 1: several centuries of the Iron Age, it was a step backwards.

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Speaker 1: A lot of the classical or antiquity society is kind

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Speaker 1: of crumbled at about the same time. They think possibly

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Speaker 1: because of um climate change or mass droughts and starvation,

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Speaker 1: kind of like the Maya. Yeah, so it's not like

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Speaker 1: the iron cause that. But iron, like really good bronze

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Speaker 1: is probably superior to iron in a lot of ways.

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Speaker 1: I think iron is a little softer. Um, it might

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Speaker 1: rust a little quicker. It depends on what kind of

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Speaker 1: iron you have for sure, Right, But the iron that

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Speaker 1: they were using basically they started using, and you know,

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Speaker 1: there's not like a demarcation line. Then there is some overlap,

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Speaker 1: and no one knows exactly when the big switch happened.

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Speaker 1: But it was cheaper and it was more readily available

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Speaker 1: than bronze was, so they just started iron basically in

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Speaker 1: its surpassed bronze. Yeah. The Greek's pin a semi mythical

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Speaker 1: group called the chala Bees who supposedly were absorbed by

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Speaker 1: the Hittites in Anatolia and Turkey, and that they were

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Speaker 1: the ones who figured out how to mine iron because

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Speaker 1: originally there was iron stuff Like King Tut was found

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Speaker 1: with the dagger made of iron, and it would have

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Speaker 1: been even more highly prized than anything made of gold

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Speaker 1: in his entire tomb, because iron was so rare at

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Speaker 1: that time, because the only source of iron on Earth,

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Speaker 1: as far as humans knew, came in the form of meteorites.

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Speaker 1: So you have to find a meteorite above ground to

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Speaker 1: find your deposit of iron. So making a dagger out

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Speaker 1: of that would have been that would have been a

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Speaker 1: very special dagger. And then eventually they say, the calibies

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Speaker 1: figured out now there's actually iron like in rock in

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Speaker 1: the earth, and people started figuring out that you could

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Speaker 1: take that rock and heat it to some pretty high

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Speaker 1: temperatures considering and hammer it, and you can hammer the

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Speaker 1: other stuff out, the ore out or hammer the iron

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Speaker 1: from the ore, and you have something approaching what what

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Speaker 1: you would consider iron, something called bloom. Yeah, so they

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Speaker 1: just couldn't get the fire hot enough basically at first

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Speaker 1: to get to the iron point, but they could make

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Speaker 1: out hot enough to get to the bloom and they

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Speaker 1: would put it in an oven known as a bloomery

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Speaker 1: and it would kind of just roast out those impurities.

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Speaker 1: Um had iron had slag, which is sort of a

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Speaker 1: glass like byproduct that you you know, it's so funny

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Speaker 1: that you just hammer the stuff out, but bloom would

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Speaker 1: eventually uh when they I mean it worked Okay, you

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Speaker 1: could heat it up, you could hammer it and it

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Speaker 1: would get a lot of the slag out, and it

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Speaker 1: was It was useful enough for tools. But when the

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Speaker 1: blast furnace came around, when you really got larger furnaces

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Speaker 1: and hotter fires that incorporated bellows to really get that

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Speaker 1: oxygen in there and get it super super hot. That

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Speaker 1: eventually allowed them to get that ore to pig iron,

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Speaker 1: and pig iron was a pretty big advancement because from

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Speaker 1: pig iron you could hammer that slag out to eventually

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Speaker 1: get to wrought iron. Right, Um, I want to give

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Speaker 1: a shout out to Harold the Smith h a r

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Speaker 1: a l d. He wrote an intro to iron smelting

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Speaker 1: that talks all about making bloom himself with pictures. It's

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Speaker 1: pretty cool, it's sure. And the Abster helped us with

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Speaker 1: this one, right yeah, big time. Thank you grabs stir Um.

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Speaker 1: But with pig iron, that was like it was, like

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Speaker 1: you said, like a pretty big change in that, like

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Speaker 1: you could suddenly make much purer iron because we had

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Speaker 1: a much hotter um furnace that we were working with

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Speaker 1: and the thing about pig iron is in very much

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Speaker 1: the same way as bloom. You've got to hammer out

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Speaker 1: those impurities. And so to make pig iron into wrought iron,

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Speaker 1: you would take this pig iron, which is pretty impure,

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Speaker 1: heated up and hammer it with a sledge hammer over

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Speaker 1: and over again. Heated hammer, heated hammer, very much the

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Speaker 1: same process as bloom, but this at higher temperatures and

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Speaker 1: producing a much pure iron, and then eventually you would

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Speaker 1: have wrought iron. Um And they say that, they say

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Speaker 1: figured out how to use water hammers like water powered hammers,

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Speaker 1: in part because of the plague of the thirteenth century.

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Speaker 1: It killed so many people that they didn't have the

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Speaker 1: human power any longer that they needed to hammer pig iron.

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Speaker 1: So it made people devise um water hammers. Yeah, water hammers,

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Speaker 1: steam hammers. Um. You know, if you look at these

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Speaker 1: videos today, these these people in their in their shops

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Speaker 1: and their sheds they have behind their house have it

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Speaker 1: looks like hydraulics. I guess that are pounding this stuff.

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Speaker 1: And at first when I saw that, I was disappointed.

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Speaker 1: I was like, oh, man, but that's just the big

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Speaker 1: initial work, Like there's still tons of hammer work by hand.

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Speaker 1: Um because there are many many there's a lot more

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Speaker 1: to it than that initial hammering right to get to

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Speaker 1: the wrought iron stage. But I was at first I

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Speaker 1: was kind of like, man, what they don't use They

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Speaker 1: don't like swing a hammer anymore? Right now? No? No, there,

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Speaker 1: there's just right. It's called work smarter, not harder. But

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Speaker 1: there are traditionalists who are like, no, you want to

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Speaker 1: use a hammer. Um. But so the different types of

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Speaker 1: irons that that humans have come up with over the

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Speaker 1: over the ages, and this is a really important point

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Speaker 1: I think we should point out here, Chuck, Like the

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Speaker 1: blacksmithing um and all of the information and knowledge and

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Speaker 1: like ways of working with different types of iron, different

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Speaker 1: techniques and actually coming up with different types of iron.

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Speaker 1: All of that started with those people who figured out

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Speaker 1: that you could take rock from the earth and hammer

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Speaker 1: the iron out of it, and just more and more

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Speaker 1: people over the ages as it spread and continue to

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Speaker 1: be around for hundreds and thousands of years um. All

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Speaker 1: the people working with with metal contributed to that body

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Speaker 1: of knowledge, and so that's I think one of the

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Speaker 1: things that's so appealing about blacksmithing is that it is

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Speaker 1: a genuine human technology that was created by humanity, you know,

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Speaker 1: not just like a couple of people who had a

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Speaker 1: really good idea. It was this this group of humans,

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Speaker 1: countless humans, all working together over thousands of years, contributing

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Speaker 1: to one another's knowledge. You create this body of knowledge,

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Speaker 1: and I think that's what makes it so neat to me,

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Speaker 1: so cool, and and like such a brute way of

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Speaker 1: doing it, you know, those the finesse comes in for sure,

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Speaker 1: and maybe that's what I like about it is both

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Speaker 1: like it's swinging the heavy hammer, but it's also doing

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Speaker 1: this really beautiful finesse work later on in the project.

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Speaker 1: Really cool. So if we're gonna well, maybe let's take

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Speaker 1: a break and then talk about the types of iron.

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Speaker 1: How about that. Let's oh, all right, we promise you

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Speaker 1: talk of iron types. There's iron maiden. Sure, there's um

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Speaker 1: take your iron supplement. That's right, there's really just iron maiden. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I guess that's all. That's all you need to know.

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Speaker 1: Iron types. They're based on the carbon content of the iron.

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Speaker 1: So if you hear wrought iron, you might just think

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Speaker 1: that's like the cool thing that your your stair case

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Speaker 1: spindles are made out of. They are not made of

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Speaker 1: wrought they have frought iron anymore, at least they used

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Speaker 1: to be back in the day. But this is also

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Speaker 1: called bar iron. It's about point eight I'm sorry, point

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Speaker 1: or less carbon. And this is sort of from what

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Speaker 1: I saw um back in the day. Just the main

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Speaker 1: iron that they would mainly use for the most part,

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Speaker 1: the wrought iron. Yeah, um. And the difference, the big

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Speaker 1: difference between wrought iron and steel is that wrought iron

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Speaker 1: has um silicates in it that kind of ends up

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Speaker 1: as like these fibrous filaments that get hammered into order

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Speaker 1: basically by the blacksmith um from pig iron, which which

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Speaker 1: gives it a certain structure. With steel steel um. Like

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Speaker 1: you said, all types of iron are basically based on

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Speaker 1: their carbon content. Steel has a much higher carbon content

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Speaker 1: than wrought iron does, and so it doesn't need to

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Speaker 1: be hammered like wrought iron does because it doesn't have

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Speaker 1: these iron silicates that need to be arranged just so

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Speaker 1: or else it will make it brittle. Um. Instead, because

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Speaker 1: of this carbon um in it, it forms this kind

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Speaker 1: of crystalline structure in the iron that makes it horror

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Speaker 1: and durable. UM way way harder and more durable than

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Speaker 1: wrought iron. The problem is is because that that durability

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Speaker 1: and the strength and hardness, um, it makes it more

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Speaker 1: difficult for a blacksmith to work with down the line

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Speaker 1: than it has wrought iron. But it's also a much

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Speaker 1: more effective, say, battle acts than a wrought iron battle acts. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and like you said, it's not what we use on

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Speaker 1: our staircase. Isn't wrought iron these days, it's not wrought iron.

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Speaker 1: And the production of that and like a big way

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Speaker 1: went out in you know, the century pretty much altogether

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Speaker 1: went out with disco. Gosh, I wish it lesson to

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Speaker 1: the seventies. So one thing we should say also to

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Speaker 1: Chuck is we tend to think of steel is like

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Speaker 1: a modern invention. Steel was perfected in in the modern times.

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Speaker 1: It was like basically the thing that kicked off the

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Speaker 1: Industrial Revolution, if I remember from our Robber Barons episode.

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Speaker 1: But that's not to say that people weren't experimenting with

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Speaker 1: steel long before that. It was just the scientific understanding

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Speaker 1: of it was lacking in dead that was replaced by

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Speaker 1: an intuitive understanding among blacksmiths of you know, what fuel did,

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Speaker 1: what to steal what to iron to make it stronger.

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Speaker 1: They weren't saying like Oh, if I use charcoal or coke,

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Speaker 1: it's gonna make this a um a better steel than say,

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Speaker 1: you know, um coal or something like that. That's right.

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Speaker 1: Then you've also got cast iron. If you have a

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Speaker 1: a nice cast iron collection in your kitchen, it's gonna

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Speaker 1: be two percent carbon or more. It's very brittle, so

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Speaker 1: you're not gonna hammer cast iron. Uh. It is formed

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Speaker 1: into shape by casting it. That's why it's called cast iron.

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Speaker 1: And use a mold while it's molten and poured in there,

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Speaker 1: and it's a great thing to cook with. Yeah, And

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Speaker 1: we would have never been able to make anything out

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Speaker 1: of cast iron until those those bellows were introduced to

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Speaker 1: the forge to to really bring that temperature up because

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Speaker 1: at a very high melting point. Yeah, if you're gonna

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Speaker 1: pour it, it's got to be super super hot. And

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Speaker 1: we'll get to these temperatures in the different kinds of

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Speaker 1: hot later on, which is very interesting stuff. Yeah. So

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Speaker 1: we've got like the black that's a are working with this.

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Speaker 1: They're figuring out that if you add like carbon or

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Speaker 1: if you do this like if you if you um

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Speaker 1: heat the iron to a certain temperature, um, it's and

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Speaker 1: and then take it off and hammer it and then

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Speaker 1: let it cool on its own. It's going to form

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Speaker 1: one type of finished product if you um do something

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Speaker 1: that's called quenching it, which is cooling it down in

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Speaker 1: a bucket of water and usually mineral oil these days,

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Speaker 1: it's going to cool differently, so it's structure is going

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Speaker 1: to form differently. Um. And again they didn't they were

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Speaker 1: passing this knowledge on, but they weren't using terms necessarily

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Speaker 1: that we were using. What's interesting to me is we

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Speaker 1: use terms that they came up with, like quenching and

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Speaker 1: slag and scale and that kind of stuff like those

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Speaker 1: are all still very much around and it makes sense

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Speaker 1: still even after having made the transition to industrialization, they

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Speaker 1: still use words very much like that, if not those

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Speaker 1: same words. Now do you mean quenching is in how

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Speaker 1: a human might quench their own thirst? Um? Kind of

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Speaker 1: kind of, But rather than turning up a bucket of

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Speaker 1: water and mineral oil, you would plunge the iron, the

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Speaker 1: hot iron, into that bucket of mineral oil and water.

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Speaker 1: That's right, very cool stuff. Are you making a joke

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Speaker 1: that I just missed a reference? Okay, No, I didn't know.

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Speaker 1: I didn't know if you were saying the etymology of

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Speaker 1: the word quench was from smith ing. Oh maybe, and

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Speaker 1: that when we quench our thirst it's taken from that.

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Speaker 1: Maybe it's possible, I mean smite. They think that the

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Speaker 1: words smite and smith are from the same word, right,

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Speaker 1: because smite means very biblical meaning or not meaning. But

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Speaker 1: these are a lot in Bible times. To to hit

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Speaker 1: something right, or yeah, to strike it to to to

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Speaker 1: smite something's right, and that's what a smith does. Should

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Speaker 1: we talk about tools? I think so. One of the

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Speaker 1: cool things about blacksmith is that they when you get good,

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Speaker 1: you just start making your own tools, man, and then

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Speaker 1: neat tools to make tools. Yeah, you gotta start somewhere

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Speaker 1: though though even yeah, you gotta lay down to little

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Speaker 1: tot of money first. But I saw I saw this

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Speaker 1: one blog post by a blacksmith who's like, look, if

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Speaker 1: you're just starting out, just you know, get the bare

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Speaker 1: minimum stuff, get some used things. See if you like

390
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Speaker 1: it first, and then eventually when you get good you

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Speaker 1: can invest a little money. Then you can just start

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Speaker 1: making your own stuff, right, which is very cool. I

393
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Speaker 1: did see there was one YouTube video that was like

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Speaker 1: how to how to get going for less than a

395
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Speaker 1: hundred bucks, some very basic stuff. So if you're gonna

396
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Speaker 1: be a smithy, you're gonna need some things. It might

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Speaker 1: be less than a hundred dollars to start. You're gonna

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Speaker 1: need a forge, which is the heat. Um, there are

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Speaker 1: different kinds, you know that the one that I saw

400
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Speaker 1: the acts this is sort of a UM I don't

401
00:22:37,760 --> 00:22:39,960
Speaker 1: know if it's old timy, but it was actually using

402
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Speaker 1: coal and that's very appealing to the eye. If you're

403
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Speaker 1: watching on YouTube, it seems like the backyard smithy these

404
00:22:47,080 --> 00:22:51,919
Speaker 1: days uses a gas powered oven, a gas powered forge

405
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Speaker 1: where they using coal or charcoal, because there's a big difference.

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Speaker 1: It was coal. Okay, I didn't know much about charcoal

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Speaker 1: until this. We'll talk about it later, but it seems

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Speaker 1: like these days the gas powered ford just kind of

409
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Speaker 1: what you use. They're not very big. It's sort of

410
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Speaker 1: like a double size of a breadbox. Because when you're

411
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Speaker 1: making something, you're not making you're not building a car

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Speaker 1: out of iron. You're making a tool. You're making a

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Speaker 1: a dagger or an axe head. Like they're all kind

414
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Speaker 1: of small, something you can just sort of stick in there. Um,

415
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Speaker 1: you're gonna have your anvil, very key, very key piece

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Speaker 1: you're gonna have a lot of other tools, um for

417
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Speaker 1: like the more finesse work um grinders and files and

418
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Speaker 1: stuff like that, and you're gonna have a nice collection

419
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Speaker 1: of hammers. Of course, yeah, you definitely. There's different hammers

420
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Speaker 1: for different things. And like we said, you know, hammering

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Speaker 1: pig iron and noraw iron. People don't do that these days,

422
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Speaker 1: so you're not using a sledge hammer and so using

423
00:23:48,880 --> 00:23:52,280
Speaker 1: like a little more finesse and precision to um to

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Speaker 1: kind of strike what's called the workpiece. Whatever you're working

425
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Speaker 1: on is called the workpiece. Um. That's one thing that

426
00:23:57,880 --> 00:24:00,000
Speaker 1: really stood out to me watching some of these blacksmith

427
00:24:00,080 --> 00:24:02,800
Speaker 1: videos is like these guys do not miss. At least

428
00:24:02,840 --> 00:24:04,720
Speaker 1: if you're at the level where you're doing close ups

429
00:24:04,760 --> 00:24:08,560
Speaker 1: of your work um on video and posting them to YouTube,

430
00:24:08,600 --> 00:24:11,000
Speaker 1: you don't. Your your hammer is not missing. It's going

431
00:24:11,040 --> 00:24:12,960
Speaker 1: exactly where you want it to every time, which is

432
00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:15,640
Speaker 1: pretty cool too, it is. But I also, and this

433
00:24:15,720 --> 00:24:18,439
Speaker 1: is not to not the smithy's it seems like a

434
00:24:18,440 --> 00:24:23,640
Speaker 1: bit of a forgiving craft and art um so where

435
00:24:23,720 --> 00:24:26,359
Speaker 1: you can sort of like if something didn't if you

436
00:24:26,400 --> 00:24:28,119
Speaker 1: did strike it and it kind of did something you

437
00:24:28,119 --> 00:24:31,040
Speaker 1: didn't quite like you can change that, right, you can

438
00:24:31,040 --> 00:24:34,320
Speaker 1: restrike it, you can reheat it. Um. Yeah, I'm sure

439
00:24:34,359 --> 00:24:35,959
Speaker 1: there's a lot of trial and error involved when you're

440
00:24:35,960 --> 00:24:38,640
Speaker 1: first getting started, you know. First, Yeah, I'm sure too,

441
00:24:38,640 --> 00:24:40,760
Speaker 1: and then you know, as you keep advancing, you're figuring

442
00:24:40,760 --> 00:24:43,000
Speaker 1: out new techniques and all that kind of thing. But

443
00:24:43,119 --> 00:24:46,080
Speaker 1: like you're saying, the anvil is it's um, it's pretty neat.

444
00:24:46,119 --> 00:24:48,000
Speaker 1: Like I didn't realize all the different parts to it.

445
00:24:48,080 --> 00:24:51,200
Speaker 1: Like anybody who's seen a Wily Coyote cartoon can recognize

446
00:24:51,200 --> 00:24:54,320
Speaker 1: an anvil until you probably draw one from memory and

447
00:24:54,359 --> 00:24:57,680
Speaker 1: you'd probably be pretty close. And that's a pretty accurate

448
00:24:58,240 --> 00:25:00,760
Speaker 1: image of what an anvil does. But all the little

449
00:25:00,760 --> 00:25:03,399
Speaker 1: different details from like the point on the front to

450
00:25:03,480 --> 00:25:06,240
Speaker 1: the feet of it, um, all of those serve this, um,

451
00:25:06,480 --> 00:25:09,679
Speaker 1: this kind of group of purposes that come up pretty

452
00:25:09,680 --> 00:25:14,160
Speaker 1: frequently in blacksmithing. Yeah, so the anvil is super heavy. Uh,

453
00:25:14,200 --> 00:25:17,760
Speaker 1: it is very hard. Obviously, you don't want the anvil

454
00:25:17,840 --> 00:25:21,360
Speaker 1: itself to be dented or start falling apart when you're

455
00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:24,399
Speaker 1: swinging this heavy hammer on metal, on this thing or

456
00:25:24,440 --> 00:25:28,159
Speaker 1: on iron, and uh so you also want it so

457
00:25:28,200 --> 00:25:30,240
Speaker 1: it doesn't like just absorb. The hammer blows too, so

458
00:25:30,280 --> 00:25:33,080
Speaker 1: it's got to be the right amount of hardness. Can't

459
00:25:33,080 --> 00:25:37,680
Speaker 1: be breaking, can't be shattering. Um, you've got a horn

460
00:25:37,800 --> 00:25:40,240
Speaker 1: on the front. You talked about the pointy thing. Yeah,

461
00:25:40,320 --> 00:25:42,600
Speaker 1: that's what's on the front of it. And usually in

462
00:25:42,680 --> 00:25:44,520
Speaker 1: all the anvils I saw when I looked them up

463
00:25:44,560 --> 00:25:47,159
Speaker 1: to buy one just to have, although they were way

464
00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:51,520
Speaker 1: too expensive. Um, it's got a little dip right before

465
00:25:52,400 --> 00:25:54,720
Speaker 1: the horn where the horn juts out. So the horn

466
00:25:54,840 --> 00:25:58,080
Speaker 1: is that. Yeah, the horn is an exactly level with

467
00:25:58,160 --> 00:26:00,520
Speaker 1: the regular base of the anvil. It's down just a

468
00:26:00,520 --> 00:26:03,440
Speaker 1: bit and that, and it's not by accident, that's very much.

469
00:26:04,400 --> 00:26:06,119
Speaker 1: One of the big uses of the horn is that

470
00:26:06,160 --> 00:26:08,520
Speaker 1: little step down. Yeah, that's That's one of the neat

471
00:26:08,560 --> 00:26:12,080
Speaker 1: things about anvils is like each little detail has a purpose,

472
00:26:12,119 --> 00:26:14,960
Speaker 1: a larger purpose that's hidden until you understand what you're

473
00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:17,240
Speaker 1: looking at or what it does. What about those holes.

474
00:26:17,920 --> 00:26:20,880
Speaker 1: There's like two holes in every anvil pretty much. One's

475
00:26:20,920 --> 00:26:23,040
Speaker 1: round in one square, and the round one is called

476
00:26:23,040 --> 00:26:26,320
Speaker 1: a Pritchel hole, and it is basically a hole so

477
00:26:26,359 --> 00:26:30,640
Speaker 1: that you can punch holes into, um, whatever workpiece you're

478
00:26:30,680 --> 00:26:33,800
Speaker 1: working on. Um, I saw that if you're punching a hole,

479
00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:35,720
Speaker 1: you actually want to punch it on the face of

480
00:26:35,760 --> 00:26:38,160
Speaker 1: the anvil, which is the top. You punch it on

481
00:26:38,160 --> 00:26:40,800
Speaker 1: one side almost all the way through, flip it over,

482
00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:42,920
Speaker 1: punch it on the other side almost all the way through,

483
00:26:42,920 --> 00:26:44,760
Speaker 1: and then you move it to the pretel hole and

484
00:26:44,800 --> 00:26:47,400
Speaker 1: then that's when you widen it to the shape you want.

485
00:26:47,480 --> 00:26:50,160
Speaker 1: So it just allows you to punch a hole all

486
00:26:50,240 --> 00:26:53,880
Speaker 1: the way through without harming the face of your anvil. Really, um,

487
00:26:53,920 --> 00:26:55,600
Speaker 1: that was one of my favorite parts of the video

488
00:26:55,640 --> 00:27:00,320
Speaker 1: I saw because that was where the ax head hole went,

489
00:27:00,520 --> 00:27:02,640
Speaker 1: where you would you know, put the axe handle. Oh

490
00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:04,280
Speaker 1: yeah yeah, So I was like, how you gonna do that?

491
00:27:04,359 --> 00:27:06,600
Speaker 1: And just to see it happen in front of your eyes,

492
00:27:06,600 --> 00:27:08,679
Speaker 1: it was. It was pretty awesome. And then what's the

493
00:27:08,680 --> 00:27:11,560
Speaker 1: other whole, the hardy hole? Yeah, the hardy hole is

494
00:27:11,640 --> 00:27:17,400
Speaker 1: actually square with the d yes h A R D Y. Yes,

495
00:27:17,480 --> 00:27:19,879
Speaker 1: it's it's not hearty because it's very tough, although it

496
00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:22,880
Speaker 1: is very tough, but it is a square hole, which

497
00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:25,640
Speaker 1: sounds kind of intuitive, but it's not. And you can

498
00:27:25,680 --> 00:27:29,440
Speaker 1: put tools in there that allow you, like you might

499
00:27:29,560 --> 00:27:33,360
Speaker 1: stick something in there and then use that to then

500
00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:37,240
Speaker 1: bend the hot iron around to make different binds and

501
00:27:37,280 --> 00:27:39,840
Speaker 1: cuts and shapes and things. Yeah. I saw this one

502
00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:42,400
Speaker 1: tool and a couple of different videos that fit into

503
00:27:42,400 --> 00:27:44,000
Speaker 1: the hardy hole. The hardy hole is almost like a

504
00:27:44,040 --> 00:27:46,640
Speaker 1: drumal tool, right, So like there's all these different things

505
00:27:46,680 --> 00:27:50,120
Speaker 1: you can put in that that square hole that hold

506
00:27:50,280 --> 00:27:53,159
Speaker 1: in place UM. But the difference between them is what

507
00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:55,760
Speaker 1: what tool is attached to that square peg? That's right,

508
00:27:55,920 --> 00:27:59,879
Speaker 1: square peg, square square peg. UM. And one of the

509
00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:01,600
Speaker 1: ones that I saw it looked like a tuning fork.

510
00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:04,480
Speaker 1: It's like two rods that are very close together and

511
00:28:04,560 --> 00:28:08,399
Speaker 1: you could put like um, a hot um workpiece in

512
00:28:08,480 --> 00:28:11,240
Speaker 1: between them and then you know, bend it so you

513
00:28:11,240 --> 00:28:13,320
Speaker 1: can make like an s hook. It's used for like

514
00:28:13,440 --> 00:28:17,520
Speaker 1: very tight creating very tight curves in the workpiece. It's

515
00:28:17,720 --> 00:28:21,119
Speaker 1: very very cool. Yeah, you gotta have your tongues. And

516
00:28:21,160 --> 00:28:23,919
Speaker 1: I think we should have mentioned to the anvil um

517
00:28:23,960 --> 00:28:26,159
Speaker 1: it's not it doesn't have a sharp edge. Like the

518
00:28:26,280 --> 00:28:28,760
Speaker 1: edge all the way around the main work base of

519
00:28:28,760 --> 00:28:31,919
Speaker 1: the anvil is a little bit round. Because you know,

520
00:28:31,960 --> 00:28:34,359
Speaker 1: if you've got something super sharp and you're hammering away,

521
00:28:34,359 --> 00:28:36,119
Speaker 1: it's going to make little creases in the iron. You

522
00:28:36,160 --> 00:28:39,600
Speaker 1: know what, I think the step is the sharpest edge

523
00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:41,680
Speaker 1: of the whole thing, between the horn and the face

524
00:28:41,800 --> 00:28:43,360
Speaker 1: the top of it. Yeah, I think that's where you

525
00:28:44,080 --> 00:28:46,480
Speaker 1: need it to be sharp. One other thing I saw

526
00:28:46,520 --> 00:28:49,800
Speaker 1: that UM that I thought was really interesting is um,

527
00:28:49,880 --> 00:28:52,160
Speaker 1: when you buy an anvil, you want to actually fit

528
00:28:52,280 --> 00:28:55,920
Speaker 1: it to a block of wood. And traditionally people will

529
00:28:56,000 --> 00:28:58,200
Speaker 1: use like a good tree stump of wood that doesn't

530
00:28:58,200 --> 00:29:01,720
Speaker 1: split very easily, and like may and you you fasten

531
00:29:01,800 --> 00:29:05,040
Speaker 1: it to that would that tree stump, and then you

532
00:29:05,120 --> 00:29:08,280
Speaker 1: bury the tree stump whenever you can, about three feet

533
00:29:08,320 --> 00:29:13,240
Speaker 1: into the ground, so that Um, the anvil becomes part

534
00:29:13,280 --> 00:29:15,560
Speaker 1: of the tree stump, becomes part of the ground, so

535
00:29:15,600 --> 00:29:18,920
Speaker 1: it distributes that extra energy that that gets lost rather

536
00:29:19,000 --> 00:29:21,400
Speaker 1: than back up at you down into the ground where

537
00:29:21,400 --> 00:29:24,920
Speaker 1: it's absorbed, which I just find absolutely fascinating. But you

538
00:29:24,920 --> 00:29:27,840
Speaker 1: you make it so well fastened to the stump that

539
00:29:27,920 --> 00:29:31,360
Speaker 1: the stump the anvil become basically one. Yeah, It's like

540
00:29:31,400 --> 00:29:33,920
Speaker 1: the anvil is essentially connected to the earth at that point.

541
00:29:33,960 --> 00:29:39,000
Speaker 1: It's so nice. Just just man, just keep thinking of

542
00:29:39,040 --> 00:29:45,560
Speaker 1: thor and led Zeppelin, all the things. JR. Tolkien. Um

543
00:29:45,640 --> 00:29:48,000
Speaker 1: the smithy you gotta have those tongs. And these are

544
00:29:48,040 --> 00:29:50,480
Speaker 1: not like grilled tongs that you have on your back porch.

545
00:29:51,080 --> 00:29:55,440
Speaker 1: These are those big thick metal uh iron. They look

546
00:29:55,520 --> 00:30:00,560
Speaker 1: like like like gussied up nail clippers almost, And that's

547
00:30:00,600 --> 00:30:02,760
Speaker 1: what you're gonna used to put stuff in the in

548
00:30:02,800 --> 00:30:06,080
Speaker 1: the forage and that fire pull it out. Um. It's

549
00:30:06,080 --> 00:30:09,560
Speaker 1: funny here it says that pretty much no one wears gloves.

550
00:30:10,440 --> 00:30:12,440
Speaker 1: I didn't see that. I saw plenty of videos with

551
00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:15,800
Speaker 1: people wearing gloves both, and I saw some where they did.

552
00:30:15,840 --> 00:30:19,160
Speaker 1: And I guess sometimes if you're working really near the heat,

553
00:30:19,200 --> 00:30:20,920
Speaker 1: you might want your gloves on, but you might also

554
00:30:20,920 --> 00:30:25,240
Speaker 1: want to have the hand feel during that finesse work. Yeah,

555
00:30:25,280 --> 00:30:27,080
Speaker 1: because and I think it's worth saying one more time

556
00:30:27,120 --> 00:30:29,960
Speaker 1: that that that um forge where the fire is, it's

557
00:30:30,080 --> 00:30:32,160
Speaker 1: I mean, it is very small. I saw as little

558
00:30:32,200 --> 00:30:35,480
Speaker 1: as like a six by six inch um like little

559
00:30:35,560 --> 00:30:39,000
Speaker 1: area of extraordinarily intense heat. So it's a small area

560
00:30:39,040 --> 00:30:41,640
Speaker 1: of heat, but the heat that is there is so

561
00:30:41,680 --> 00:30:46,920
Speaker 1: hot it can turn iron white hot. So yeah, you

562
00:30:46,960 --> 00:30:48,640
Speaker 1: want to not get too close to it. And even

563
00:30:48,680 --> 00:30:50,720
Speaker 1: when you're wearing tongs, it's smart to wear gloves from

564
00:30:50,720 --> 00:30:52,480
Speaker 1: what I saw, yeah, and we we never really talked

565
00:30:52,560 --> 00:30:55,240
Speaker 1: much about the fuel UM and I said, these days

566
00:30:55,480 --> 00:30:58,400
Speaker 1: they power it with gas mainly UM. Back in the day,

567
00:30:58,760 --> 00:31:01,560
Speaker 1: back in the day, they would use charcoal. That was

568
00:31:01,600 --> 00:31:04,640
Speaker 1: the first thing. And charcoal apparently, if you're, you know,

569
00:31:04,720 --> 00:31:07,000
Speaker 1: going to be a Brooklyn hipster, you want to work

570
00:31:07,000 --> 00:31:09,480
Speaker 1: with charcoal because that is the superior product and the

571
00:31:09,480 --> 00:31:14,720
Speaker 1: superior superior fuel. But it's really messy, very wasteful. It's

572
00:31:14,800 --> 00:31:17,720
Speaker 1: very wasteful, it's expensive a lot of it takes a

573
00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:20,920
Speaker 1: lot of wood to make charcoal. So then coal comes

574
00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:23,480
Speaker 1: rolling around, and there was a lot of coal and

575
00:31:23,520 --> 00:31:25,960
Speaker 1: it was super cheap and they had to kind of

576
00:31:26,000 --> 00:31:29,320
Speaker 1: rebuild their forges. But coal, even though it has some

577
00:31:29,440 --> 00:31:32,640
Speaker 1: impurities like sulfur and stuff in there, they basically kind

578
00:31:32,640 --> 00:31:34,640
Speaker 1: of made the big switch to coal at a certain

579
00:31:34,680 --> 00:31:37,320
Speaker 1: point in time. Yeah. And and even better is if

580
00:31:37,360 --> 00:31:40,719
Speaker 1: you can get your hands on coke UM, which is

581
00:31:40,760 --> 00:31:43,960
Speaker 1: a derivative of coal, just like charcoal is a derivative

582
00:31:44,000 --> 00:31:46,440
Speaker 1: of wood. It's just wood with the sap and the

583
00:31:46,480 --> 00:31:49,040
Speaker 1: water burned out, so it's a really energy dense form

584
00:31:49,080 --> 00:31:51,360
Speaker 1: of it. Coke is the same thing with coal. It's

585
00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:54,880
Speaker 1: got the impurities generally burned out, so it's a pure energy,

586
00:31:54,920 --> 00:31:58,440
Speaker 1: dense form of of coal um. But both of them

587
00:31:58,440 --> 00:32:01,640
Speaker 1: play a really important role and that they produce really

588
00:32:01,720 --> 00:32:04,600
Speaker 1: high temperatures, but they also introduce a lot of that

589
00:32:04,680 --> 00:32:08,440
Speaker 1: carbon that gets absorbed into the iron at those high temperatures,

590
00:32:08,480 --> 00:32:11,600
Speaker 1: which produces better, harder, stronger steel. Can you cook with

591
00:32:11,640 --> 00:32:14,200
Speaker 1: that stuff? Can you cook with coke? Cook with coke?

592
00:32:15,880 --> 00:32:19,800
Speaker 1: I don't know, come out of cook I don't know.

593
00:32:19,920 --> 00:32:21,720
Speaker 1: That's one thing that I saw on one of these

594
00:32:21,720 --> 00:32:24,440
Speaker 1: blog posts about different types of fuel. I think it

595
00:32:24,480 --> 00:32:27,080
Speaker 1: was like the Nobs, but they spell out the word BS,

596
00:32:27,120 --> 00:32:31,520
Speaker 1: which I'm not gonna stay here got because they're they're blacksmiths. Um.

597
00:32:31,960 --> 00:32:35,920
Speaker 1: They the Nobs guide to different kinds of fuel. They said,

598
00:32:35,920 --> 00:32:38,440
Speaker 1: one of the things he considers what kind of environmental

599
00:32:38,440 --> 00:32:41,960
Speaker 1: impact is your fuel having? So that's a good question.

600
00:32:41,960 --> 00:32:43,600
Speaker 1: If you're like, I'm not sure I should be cooking

601
00:32:43,600 --> 00:32:46,040
Speaker 1: with this, don't forget. You're going to be in a small,

602
00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:50,000
Speaker 1: enclosed room that's your blacksmith shop with that same stuff,

603
00:32:50,040 --> 00:32:52,520
Speaker 1: and you probably have a pretty high efficiency chimney, but

604
00:32:52,560 --> 00:32:54,440
Speaker 1: some of it's still coming back. So that's definitely a

605
00:32:54,440 --> 00:32:57,040
Speaker 1: consideration to think of your own health and the health

606
00:32:57,080 --> 00:33:00,560
Speaker 1: of Mother Earth, who is absorbing the blows from your anvil.

607
00:33:00,840 --> 00:33:03,360
Speaker 1: That's right, you do need good ventilation in your workshop.

608
00:33:03,680 --> 00:33:07,040
Speaker 1: I protection. Uh. Sometimes if you really want to kick

609
00:33:07,040 --> 00:33:09,680
Speaker 1: at old school, you might have one of those leather aprons,

610
00:33:09,720 --> 00:33:12,840
Speaker 1: like a leather face. And then your quench. You know

611
00:33:12,880 --> 00:33:16,520
Speaker 1: we talked about um quenching. It's called a quench or

612
00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:18,960
Speaker 1: a quench bucket, and that is the bucket with the

613
00:33:18,960 --> 00:33:21,480
Speaker 1: water and like you said, sometimes mineral oil these days,

614
00:33:21,880 --> 00:33:24,400
Speaker 1: where you'll plunge it in there, just like on TV

615
00:33:24,560 --> 00:33:28,240
Speaker 1: and in movies when it makes that great steamy sound

616
00:33:28,280 --> 00:33:31,360
Speaker 1: and the steam rises everywhere. Then they pulled out a

617
00:33:31,360 --> 00:33:36,960
Speaker 1: beautiful battle axe or long sword. Yeah, apparently the So

618
00:33:37,200 --> 00:33:39,320
Speaker 1: it's not that surprising when you consider samurai. But the

619
00:33:39,400 --> 00:33:44,440
Speaker 1: Japanese are really really good at creating high carbon steel blades.

620
00:33:45,440 --> 00:33:48,120
Speaker 1: And there's one guy named Goro g O r O

621
00:33:48,400 --> 00:33:52,760
Speaker 1: who is like well widely considered the greatest Japanese swordsmith

622
00:33:52,760 --> 00:33:54,959
Speaker 1: of all time from back in the thirteenth century. So

623
00:33:55,000 --> 00:34:00,720
Speaker 1: he can throw together at katana, no problem, no problem.

624
00:34:00,800 --> 00:34:03,200
Speaker 1: Should we take a break, Yeah, all right, we're gonna

625
00:34:03,240 --> 00:34:05,200
Speaker 1: take a break in, talk a little bit about and

626
00:34:05,240 --> 00:34:08,360
Speaker 1: get quite a bit wrong, probably about techniques. Right after this,

627
00:34:28,440 --> 00:34:43,359
Speaker 1: Oh all right, let the parade of misinformation begin. You know,

628
00:34:43,880 --> 00:34:46,560
Speaker 1: these worry me more than other episodes that we do

629
00:34:46,600 --> 00:34:49,719
Speaker 1: when it's something very technical and very specific, because these

630
00:34:49,760 --> 00:34:52,880
Speaker 1: guys make battle axes. Yeah, and it's anytime it's a

631
00:34:52,960 --> 00:34:55,799
Speaker 1: very specific craft or something that you haven't done, like

632
00:34:55,840 --> 00:34:59,000
Speaker 1: we haven't done. You can research it and watch videos

633
00:34:59,000 --> 00:35:01,480
Speaker 1: and do your best, but it until you've actually done it,

634
00:35:02,040 --> 00:35:05,120
Speaker 1: you can't get it percent right. So I will say though,

635
00:35:05,160 --> 00:35:09,480
Speaker 1: the videos help tremendous if like this is even remotely

636
00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:12,160
Speaker 1: interesting to you, and hopefully it is if you're you

637
00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:14,920
Speaker 1: know this many minutes thirty three minutes or so into

638
00:35:15,000 --> 00:35:19,120
Speaker 1: this podcast. That that is, go watch some videos. There's

639
00:35:19,160 --> 00:35:20,520
Speaker 1: a bunch of them on there, and I think you're

640
00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:22,920
Speaker 1: gonna be like, Okay, I get what they were saying. Now,

641
00:35:23,040 --> 00:35:25,840
Speaker 1: Oh that makes sense. Forging a bearded battle Uh, forging

642
00:35:25,880 --> 00:35:29,040
Speaker 1: a bearded X that's the one. I've got one black

643
00:35:29,120 --> 00:35:34,040
Speaker 1: bear forge, this giant man, the giant beard and a

644
00:35:34,200 --> 00:35:40,040
Speaker 1: tiny little leather capable yeah he he um. The video

645
00:35:40,040 --> 00:35:42,919
Speaker 1: I watched is called scarf theory and making chain, which

646
00:35:42,920 --> 00:35:46,440
Speaker 1: we'll talk about that in a minute. But it's just amazing.

647
00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:49,200
Speaker 1: It's so cool. And like you said, I don't want

648
00:35:49,200 --> 00:35:51,840
Speaker 1: to do it. I want to have a friend that

649
00:35:51,880 --> 00:35:54,400
Speaker 1: does it. I want to come over to their house

650
00:35:55,400 --> 00:35:57,320
Speaker 1: and watch them do it. Like let's see if we

651
00:35:57,320 --> 00:36:02,200
Speaker 1: can get John Hodgman into it. Hodgeman also, he's got

652
00:36:02,280 --> 00:36:07,400
Speaker 1: very strong forearms. He does freakishly like Popeye. All right,

653
00:36:07,480 --> 00:36:09,719
Speaker 1: So here's some of the techniques. What you're doing if

654
00:36:09,760 --> 00:36:12,600
Speaker 1: you're a smithy is you are shaping hot metal. That's

655
00:36:12,600 --> 00:36:15,880
Speaker 1: what it comes down to. And this is where the

656
00:36:15,880 --> 00:36:22,280
Speaker 1: temperature of the metal comes becomes really important because certain

657
00:36:22,280 --> 00:36:24,920
Speaker 1: metals have to be at certain temperatures to do certain things.

658
00:36:25,920 --> 00:36:27,839
Speaker 1: These days, like I said, if you've got your your

659
00:36:27,880 --> 00:36:31,600
Speaker 1: gas powered forge, you can set that baby on whatever

660
00:36:31,680 --> 00:36:35,000
Speaker 1: to exact temperature you want. And it's not quite as

661
00:36:36,160 --> 00:36:39,080
Speaker 1: um it's still very impressive. But back in the day

662
00:36:39,120 --> 00:36:40,920
Speaker 1: when they were using coal and charcoal, there was I

663
00:36:40,960 --> 00:36:45,279
Speaker 1: feel like much more intuition and trial and error and

664
00:36:45,320 --> 00:36:49,000
Speaker 1: actually looking at the color the color temperature, because the

665
00:36:49,000 --> 00:36:53,719
Speaker 1: metal will turn different colors at different temperatures. So there's

666
00:36:53,760 --> 00:36:56,600
Speaker 1: white hot, orange, hot, yellow, hot, red, hot, different kinds

667
00:36:56,640 --> 00:37:00,359
Speaker 1: of gradients of orange and yellow and white too. There's

668
00:37:00,400 --> 00:37:03,080
Speaker 1: glowing white, which is the hottest. It's just those aren't

669
00:37:03,120 --> 00:37:06,120
Speaker 1: just expressions. People say, no, And that's again that's the

670
00:37:06,200 --> 00:37:13,520
Speaker 1: anomology etymology of of um of blacksmith lingo. Basically that

671
00:37:13,680 --> 00:37:19,239
Speaker 1: has made it into yeah, like those abs of yours

672
00:37:19,239 --> 00:37:22,200
Speaker 1: are white hot. Oh no, wait, that was a different,

673
00:37:22,239 --> 00:37:26,240
Speaker 1: different episode. That's right, so um. And but apparently blue

674
00:37:26,560 --> 00:37:29,600
Speaker 1: white hot is the hottest of all, but you don't

675
00:37:29,640 --> 00:37:32,719
Speaker 1: typically see that in blacksmithing. White hot is about as

676
00:37:32,760 --> 00:37:34,800
Speaker 1: hot as you get. And how hot is white hot?

677
00:37:35,640 --> 00:37:39,440
Speaker 1: White hot from what I saw was fifty degrees fahrenheight,

678
00:37:39,560 --> 00:37:44,200
Speaker 1: which is super high and celsius. Okay, yellow I think

679
00:37:44,320 --> 00:37:49,319
Speaker 1: is just below that. Yeah, and then you've got orange, right,

680
00:37:49,640 --> 00:37:52,759
Speaker 1: and then you've got lamo red hot, which is which

681
00:37:52,800 --> 00:37:57,160
Speaker 1: is only degrees seven and sixty celsius. And you can't

682
00:37:57,160 --> 00:38:00,760
Speaker 1: do anything with red hot. You can do some very

683
00:38:00,800 --> 00:38:03,560
Speaker 1: like very limited stuff. But at that point the iron

684
00:38:03,680 --> 00:38:06,080
Speaker 1: is is I mean, it will probably bend a little bit.

685
00:38:06,120 --> 00:38:09,480
Speaker 1: I saw um, good old black Bear Forge was making

686
00:38:09,480 --> 00:38:12,760
Speaker 1: some chain with what looked to be red hot um

687
00:38:13,239 --> 00:38:15,960
Speaker 1: iron at the time, and he was bending it pretty good.

688
00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:18,200
Speaker 1: But I mean, I'm not the best judge of color.

689
00:38:18,440 --> 00:38:22,239
Speaker 1: He was making chain. Yes, I'm just gonna I'm not

690
00:38:22,239 --> 00:38:25,400
Speaker 1: gonna wait any longer. This guy made a chain, a

691
00:38:25,520 --> 00:38:29,840
Speaker 1: length of chain perfect. Each length was exactly the size

692
00:38:29,880 --> 00:38:32,880
Speaker 1: of the last. He was making them like in threes,

693
00:38:32,960 --> 00:38:35,600
Speaker 1: and then connecting those threes to other threes, and he

694
00:38:35,680 --> 00:38:41,120
Speaker 1: was using the horn. Chuck, are you climax or something? No,

695
00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:45,120
Speaker 1: it's just so satisfying. It It touches these uh parts

696
00:38:45,160 --> 00:38:47,640
Speaker 1: of my body. You know, it's not sexual at all. Right,

697
00:38:48,040 --> 00:38:49,879
Speaker 1: you know what I'm saying. Oh, I know what you're saying.

698
00:38:49,920 --> 00:38:52,759
Speaker 1: It's um, it's it's I know exactly what you mean. Alough,

699
00:38:52,760 --> 00:38:55,120
Speaker 1: I haven't seen it. You never know what might happen. Right,

700
00:38:55,560 --> 00:38:57,920
Speaker 1: But this guy, so, you know the horn of the anvil, right,

701
00:38:59,200 --> 00:39:01,719
Speaker 1: he would make like he would He would bend the

702
00:39:01,760 --> 00:39:04,239
Speaker 1: chain initially on kind of like a thick about the

703
00:39:04,239 --> 00:39:06,399
Speaker 1: middle part of the horn, and then he would bend

704
00:39:06,400 --> 00:39:08,239
Speaker 1: it even further, moving in a little up the horn.

705
00:39:08,239 --> 00:39:10,719
Speaker 1: And this guy just so expertly put it exactly where

706
00:39:10,719 --> 00:39:13,440
Speaker 1: he needed it to be. Um. I think one of

707
00:39:13,440 --> 00:39:15,759
Speaker 1: the things I like about black Bear Forge guy is

708
00:39:15,800 --> 00:39:19,000
Speaker 1: that he doesn't seem the least bit pretentious. I'm pretty

709
00:39:19,000 --> 00:39:22,560
Speaker 1: sure he lives in Minnesota. Uh he's he's not wearing

710
00:39:22,600 --> 00:39:25,760
Speaker 1: his little leather cap ironically like he just he seems

711
00:39:25,840 --> 00:39:29,360
Speaker 1: very helpful. He was born in the videos to help. Yeah,

712
00:39:28,640 --> 00:39:32,840
Speaker 1: I think he might be right, and with a white beard.

713
00:39:32,880 --> 00:39:35,279
Speaker 1: He was born with a white beard as well. Well.

714
00:39:35,320 --> 00:39:38,799
Speaker 1: When you watch this bearded axe thing, what this guy

715
00:39:38,880 --> 00:39:42,640
Speaker 1: does is he starts with a block of iron and

716
00:39:42,640 --> 00:39:45,640
Speaker 1: then eventually makes an axe head. But he's hammering this

717
00:39:45,680 --> 00:39:49,000
Speaker 1: thing out. He's using this little rolling tool and hammering

718
00:39:49,040 --> 00:39:51,120
Speaker 1: that as he's kind of rolling it forward and it's

719
00:39:51,120 --> 00:39:54,000
Speaker 1: almost like kind of reminded me of baking, like the

720
00:39:54,040 --> 00:39:56,560
Speaker 1: way you would use a rolling pin to smooth out

721
00:39:56,560 --> 00:39:59,560
Speaker 1: dough and then when it came time to actually make

722
00:39:59,640 --> 00:40:02,959
Speaker 1: the the sharp part. I guess what he was doing

723
00:40:03,040 --> 00:40:05,600
Speaker 1: was forge welding. And we're kind of jumping around, but

724
00:40:05,600 --> 00:40:08,000
Speaker 1: this is one of the techniques and it's also called

725
00:40:08,040 --> 00:40:11,480
Speaker 1: fire welding, and that's when you combine different grades of

726
00:40:11,520 --> 00:40:15,560
Speaker 1: iron and steel and you're joining these things together and

727
00:40:15,640 --> 00:40:18,440
Speaker 1: multiple shapes together. I think that's what was going on

728
00:40:18,520 --> 00:40:21,680
Speaker 1: because what he did, he had this axe head and

729
00:40:21,800 --> 00:40:25,360
Speaker 1: the sharp part he split, and I was like, well, dude,

730
00:40:25,400 --> 00:40:27,720
Speaker 1: what kind of an axe is at that's crazy looking.

731
00:40:27,760 --> 00:40:29,960
Speaker 1: I thought he messed up. But then he puts some

732
00:40:30,040 --> 00:40:33,080
Speaker 1: other kind of metal in between and would use this

733
00:40:33,320 --> 00:40:37,799
Speaker 1: and what I gathered, it's, uh, whereas it flux? Is

734
00:40:37,840 --> 00:40:41,799
Speaker 1: that what it is? Flux? Yeah, like sandy did. Look well,

735
00:40:41,800 --> 00:40:43,160
Speaker 1: it was in a bottle and it looked like a

736
00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:45,200
Speaker 1: little sandy chemical, so I guess that's what it was.

737
00:40:45,280 --> 00:40:47,600
Speaker 1: And he would heat it up and then spray this

738
00:40:47,640 --> 00:40:50,359
Speaker 1: stuff on it and hammer it together. Heat it up,

739
00:40:50,400 --> 00:40:53,200
Speaker 1: spray some of this in, hammer it until that metal

740
00:40:53,400 --> 00:40:56,800
Speaker 1: becomes one and the really, you know, the super specific

741
00:40:56,840 --> 00:40:59,759
Speaker 1: metal that he needed for the sharp axe blade was

742
00:41:00,120 --> 00:41:03,080
Speaker 1: melded with the rest of that iron, so you couldn't

743
00:41:03,080 --> 00:41:05,600
Speaker 1: even tell. It was just like they became one with

744
00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:09,839
Speaker 1: one another. He was probably real reinforcing the axe head

745
00:41:09,960 --> 00:41:15,320
Speaker 1: with a stronger um, a stronger type of iron, totally

746
00:41:15,360 --> 00:41:18,520
Speaker 1: slightly different carbon content, and then the outside was a

747
00:41:18,520 --> 00:41:23,400
Speaker 1: harder kind so it resisted surface deformities. But the interior

748
00:41:23,440 --> 00:41:28,080
Speaker 1: stuff was was strength, was strong, so it resisted breaking. Probably,

749
00:41:28,239 --> 00:41:31,680
Speaker 1: But he was making these two one I saw a

750
00:41:31,760 --> 00:41:33,840
Speaker 1: black bear force do the same thing with the chains

751
00:41:34,200 --> 00:41:37,200
Speaker 1: he was he was using a scarf weld where you

752
00:41:37,239 --> 00:41:40,880
Speaker 1: make um one end angled and then you make the

753
00:41:40,920 --> 00:41:42,960
Speaker 1: other end that it's going to join to angled in

754
00:41:42,960 --> 00:41:45,240
Speaker 1: the opposite direction, so they kind of fit tightly together.

755
00:41:45,600 --> 00:41:47,120
Speaker 1: And then he would heat it up and hammer it

756
00:41:47,160 --> 00:41:50,600
Speaker 1: together and it just became one. But he used um

757
00:41:50,840 --> 00:41:53,080
Speaker 1: flux as well, and from what I could tell, when

758
00:41:53,080 --> 00:41:56,120
Speaker 1: you use flux like sand or borax, I think is

759
00:41:56,120 --> 00:41:59,440
Speaker 1: is something you can use um it prevents that joint

760
00:41:59,520 --> 00:42:04,160
Speaker 1: from exidizing, which makes it a stronger, a stronger joint,

761
00:42:04,160 --> 00:42:08,359
Speaker 1: a stronger seam, rather than kind of a compromise team. Yeah,

762
00:42:08,400 --> 00:42:11,200
Speaker 1: And it was also interesting to see how this guy

763
00:42:11,239 --> 00:42:14,680
Speaker 1: would sometimes that block was out for quite a long

764
00:42:14,760 --> 00:42:17,960
Speaker 1: time of hammering and shaping and hammering and shaping, and

765
00:42:18,000 --> 00:42:19,680
Speaker 1: then it looked like when he got into the little

766
00:42:19,719 --> 00:42:22,480
Speaker 1: more detailed work, as it became an axe head, he

767
00:42:22,520 --> 00:42:24,680
Speaker 1: would he would put it in the fire and he

768
00:42:24,680 --> 00:42:27,480
Speaker 1: would turn around very quickly and start hammering. You could

769
00:42:27,480 --> 00:42:29,680
Speaker 1: tell he wanted to do it very fast, and he

770
00:42:29,680 --> 00:42:31,359
Speaker 1: would hammer it for like ten seconds and then put

771
00:42:31,400 --> 00:42:33,360
Speaker 1: it right back in the fire and then pull it

772
00:42:33,360 --> 00:42:35,279
Speaker 1: out and hammer it really fast for ten seconds. So

773
00:42:35,680 --> 00:42:38,560
Speaker 1: whatever he was doing at that point required a super

774
00:42:38,600 --> 00:42:41,719
Speaker 1: super super hot piece of what do you call it,

775
00:42:41,960 --> 00:42:47,440
Speaker 1: ground piece workpiece? Yeah, but I mean so most most blacksmiths,

776
00:42:47,440 --> 00:42:49,799
Speaker 1: you'll notice in their shops, they set the forge and

777
00:42:49,840 --> 00:42:53,120
Speaker 1: the envelop within just twisting distance, like you're standing in

778
00:42:53,160 --> 00:42:55,160
Speaker 1: one place, moving from one to the other, so that

779
00:42:55,239 --> 00:42:57,640
Speaker 1: you can lose as little heat as possible when you

780
00:42:57,680 --> 00:43:00,320
Speaker 1: transfer it off the fire. You don't walk across your shop.

781
00:43:01,120 --> 00:43:04,120
Speaker 1: You don't stop and make a sandwich or anything. There's

782
00:43:04,160 --> 00:43:08,560
Speaker 1: also drawing, which is drawing that metal out into a longer,

783
00:43:08,600 --> 00:43:13,000
Speaker 1: thinner shape. You might be shaping something into a rod

784
00:43:13,600 --> 00:43:16,360
Speaker 1: or a block into a blade like I saw, and

785
00:43:16,480 --> 00:43:20,279
Speaker 1: that's sort of, um, it's sort of lengthening it without

786
00:43:20,360 --> 00:43:23,040
Speaker 1: flattening it out right, because you can also flatten it.

787
00:43:23,040 --> 00:43:27,360
Speaker 1: That's another thing that's called peening. Yeah. Um. There's also upsetting,

788
00:43:27,400 --> 00:43:31,520
Speaker 1: which is the opposite of drawing, where you shorten the

789
00:43:31,640 --> 00:43:35,680
Speaker 1: length of iron or steel by hammering it. And that's

790
00:43:35,719 --> 00:43:38,040
Speaker 1: what happens when you make a nail. What you want

791
00:43:38,040 --> 00:43:41,279
Speaker 1: to talk about making nails here? Yeah, I mean we

792
00:43:41,360 --> 00:43:44,759
Speaker 1: kind of mentioned earlier, you know, the the foundation. I mean,

793
00:43:44,760 --> 00:43:48,000
Speaker 1: there were things that were built with dovetail joints and

794
00:43:48,320 --> 00:43:52,440
Speaker 1: corn cobs to keep log logs together, and there were

795
00:43:52,440 --> 00:43:54,799
Speaker 1: technologies like that. But if you really want to talk

796
00:43:54,800 --> 00:43:58,359
Speaker 1: about the building of of the world, you gotta talk

797
00:43:58,400 --> 00:44:02,960
Speaker 1: about iron nails and how many millions and tens and

798
00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:07,439
Speaker 1: millions of iron nails that were made in the world

799
00:44:07,440 --> 00:44:12,000
Speaker 1: by hand by people. Yeah, I mean before industrialization. They

800
00:44:12,000 --> 00:44:15,440
Speaker 1: were all made by hand. And it's apparently harder to

801
00:44:15,520 --> 00:44:17,920
Speaker 1: make them than you would think. I watched the video

802
00:44:18,360 --> 00:44:22,920
Speaker 1: by a blacksmith named Nick Kimball on Instructibles and I

803
00:44:22,960 --> 00:44:25,880
Speaker 1: guess his brother writes for instructibles and interviewed him and

804
00:44:25,920 --> 00:44:29,280
Speaker 1: he's like a blacksmith at one of the colonial model farms.

805
00:44:29,680 --> 00:44:35,080
Speaker 1: I think maybe Mount Vernon. They didn't say, um, that's so.

806
00:44:35,440 --> 00:44:38,880
Speaker 1: He looks like it too. He looks like a cool dude. Um.

807
00:44:38,920 --> 00:44:41,120
Speaker 1: But he he showed how to make a nail and

808
00:44:41,160 --> 00:44:43,080
Speaker 1: he says he can make one a minute. And this

809
00:44:43,120 --> 00:44:46,240
Speaker 1: guy is an advanced blacksmith, Like he has a job

810
00:44:46,360 --> 00:44:48,600
Speaker 1: as a blacksmith. That's how advanced this guy is in

811
00:44:48,640 --> 00:44:51,399
Speaker 1: the twenty one century. And he can make he can

812
00:44:51,440 --> 00:44:55,399
Speaker 1: make one a minute. Apparently blacksmiths of your could make

813
00:44:55,719 --> 00:44:58,560
Speaker 1: ten to a dozen of him a minute. Um. And

814
00:44:58,600 --> 00:45:01,200
Speaker 1: it's very involved, like it's you would you actually have

815
00:45:01,280 --> 00:45:04,720
Speaker 1: to make the tool first to make to make the nails.

816
00:45:04,960 --> 00:45:06,880
Speaker 1: So you take an iron bar, flatten that, punch a

817
00:45:06,880 --> 00:45:09,080
Speaker 1: hole in it using your pretchel hole in a punch,

818
00:45:09,920 --> 00:45:13,720
Speaker 1: and then you take um nail rod little strips of

819
00:45:13,719 --> 00:45:18,680
Speaker 1: of the iron that's gonna be nails. UM, heat it up, UM,

820
00:45:18,840 --> 00:45:21,480
Speaker 1: hammer shoulder into it on the edge of the anvil

821
00:45:21,640 --> 00:45:25,040
Speaker 1: so that there's like a it's it's narrower at the

822
00:45:25,080 --> 00:45:27,000
Speaker 1: in the for the bulk of it, and then up

823
00:45:27,000 --> 00:45:29,920
Speaker 1: top it just kind of is a little wider in boxy.

824
00:45:30,040 --> 00:45:32,480
Speaker 1: And then you put it into the hole of the

825
00:45:32,480 --> 00:45:34,680
Speaker 1: tool that you made, and then you heat it up

826
00:45:34,719 --> 00:45:37,080
Speaker 1: and you hammer the head a bunch of times to

827
00:45:37,160 --> 00:45:39,080
Speaker 1: flatten it. That's what you have to do to make

828
00:45:39,160 --> 00:45:42,440
Speaker 1: one single nail. And some blacksmiths in the days of

829
00:45:42,520 --> 00:45:45,640
Speaker 1: yore could make a dozen of those in a minute,

830
00:45:45,920 --> 00:45:49,520
Speaker 1: that's how good they were at it. Unbelievable. I would

831
00:45:49,520 --> 00:45:53,600
Speaker 1: have charged so much for nails, it would have been astronomical.

832
00:45:54,800 --> 00:45:57,040
Speaker 1: I would have been like, no, I will you know, like,

833
00:45:57,120 --> 00:45:59,200
Speaker 1: let's make you some chainmail instead. What do you need

834
00:45:59,320 --> 00:46:02,360
Speaker 1: nails for let's do something cool. And they see, you know,

835
00:46:02,440 --> 00:46:04,080
Speaker 1: I need to build a second story in my house,

836
00:46:04,120 --> 00:46:07,480
Speaker 1: I'd be like, all right, it's gonna cost you the

837
00:46:07,600 --> 00:46:11,359
Speaker 1: Josh nail. Yeah, the Josh Clark special because it would

838
00:46:11,400 --> 00:46:14,360
Speaker 1: not be fun to make nails for sure. No, but

839
00:46:14,480 --> 00:46:16,759
Speaker 1: boy they made a lot of them. Um. There are

840
00:46:16,760 --> 00:46:19,280
Speaker 1: also some other techniques. There's bending we've kind of already

841
00:46:19,280 --> 00:46:24,080
Speaker 1: talked about when you're creating curves and things. If you've

842
00:46:24,120 --> 00:46:28,840
Speaker 1: mentioned the staircase irons, how they're how they're twisted around.

843
00:46:29,400 --> 00:46:32,920
Speaker 1: That is done with a square bar, which is a

844
00:46:32,960 --> 00:46:35,840
Speaker 1: bar with a square hole in it, and that's placed

845
00:46:35,920 --> 00:46:39,040
Speaker 1: over a square rod of hot iron, and then you

846
00:46:39,080 --> 00:46:41,760
Speaker 1: turn that square you basically sort of like that drimmal

847
00:46:41,800 --> 00:46:45,160
Speaker 1: you were talking about. You stick that hot thing into

848
00:46:45,200 --> 00:46:49,440
Speaker 1: the hole and you twisted around you create those little twists. Yeah.

849
00:46:49,600 --> 00:46:52,319
Speaker 1: I mean every time it's a blacksmith tradition. You say

850
00:46:52,480 --> 00:46:58,480
Speaker 1: a walla, you got anything else? I don't have anything else.

851
00:46:58,520 --> 00:47:01,719
Speaker 1: It's just an we got stuff not quite right. But

852
00:47:01,800 --> 00:47:06,040
Speaker 1: hopefully the smithy's hopefully our enthusiasm won them over. Yeah,

853
00:47:06,239 --> 00:47:11,120
Speaker 1: let's hope so. Um ignorance, Uh, the there and also

854
00:47:11,160 --> 00:47:13,719
Speaker 1: there's like a ton that we didn't talk about. It's

855
00:47:13,719 --> 00:47:17,880
Speaker 1: a really I mean, this is a countless human, thousands

856
00:47:17,880 --> 00:47:20,160
Speaker 1: of year long body of knowledge and we just tried

857
00:47:20,200 --> 00:47:23,160
Speaker 1: to do them forty five minutes, uh and failed at that.

858
00:47:23,640 --> 00:47:26,279
Speaker 1: But um, there there's a lot to it. So if

859
00:47:26,320 --> 00:47:28,440
Speaker 1: you're interested in it, go go check it out. At

860
00:47:28,480 --> 00:47:30,640
Speaker 1: the very least, go watch some videos. And since I

861
00:47:30,680 --> 00:47:32,560
Speaker 1: said go watch some videos, everybody, it's time for a

862
00:47:32,600 --> 00:47:38,960
Speaker 1: listener mail. All right, I'm gonna call this Olympic torch bearer. Okay,

863
00:47:39,239 --> 00:47:42,279
Speaker 1: hey guys. I was a torch bearer for the Winter

864
00:47:42,400 --> 00:47:44,520
Speaker 1: Olympics and it was a lot of fun. The amount

865
00:47:44,520 --> 00:47:47,520
Speaker 1: of logistical coordination that went into it was incredible. I

866
00:47:47,560 --> 00:47:50,560
Speaker 1: was told four months in advance when down to the

867
00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:53,000
Speaker 1: minute I'd be carrying the lit torch, and it wasn't

868
00:47:53,040 --> 00:47:55,239
Speaker 1: off by more than a few Actually, a guy came

869
00:47:55,280 --> 00:47:57,800
Speaker 1: to our hotel with a bunch of toys, vehicles and

870
00:47:57,840 --> 00:48:01,560
Speaker 1: action figures and modeled exactly what would happen. That's so cool.

871
00:48:02,800 --> 00:48:05,080
Speaker 1: I had to be reminded by my handlers to ensure

872
00:48:05,080 --> 00:48:07,799
Speaker 1: that I kept it very high, um, high enough so

873
00:48:07,840 --> 00:48:11,080
Speaker 1: as to not light my hat on fire. Uh. The

874
00:48:11,080 --> 00:48:13,680
Speaker 1: torch is pretty light, but fairly top heavy. I'm sure

875
00:48:13,719 --> 00:48:16,480
Speaker 1: we were wearing mittens to make it impossible for any

876
00:48:16,520 --> 00:48:19,400
Speaker 1: of us to make any finger gestures, even accidentally. It

877
00:48:19,440 --> 00:48:21,640
Speaker 1: could be seen by the world on the live feed.

878
00:48:22,040 --> 00:48:24,680
Speaker 1: Did you think about that one term you didn't use

879
00:48:24,680 --> 00:48:26,960
Speaker 1: that I thought you'd appreciate. When one torch bearer passes

880
00:48:26,960 --> 00:48:29,719
Speaker 1: the flame to another, it's called the torch kiss. We

881
00:48:29,760 --> 00:48:33,080
Speaker 1: went through training and practiced just this part on the street.

882
00:48:33,120 --> 00:48:35,480
Speaker 1: We did a little dance after we kissed, and then

883
00:48:35,600 --> 00:48:37,760
Speaker 1: I and whoever just finished got back on the bus.

884
00:48:38,360 --> 00:48:40,480
Speaker 1: As you mentioned, a guy took my torch and extinguished

885
00:48:40,520 --> 00:48:42,759
Speaker 1: it right afterward, and since it was still hot, they

886
00:48:42,800 --> 00:48:45,200
Speaker 1: stored it in a rack on the bus. When we

887
00:48:45,239 --> 00:48:47,280
Speaker 1: got back to the starting point, they removed the fuel

888
00:48:47,320 --> 00:48:50,520
Speaker 1: cell and gave it back to me. And that is

889
00:48:50,560 --> 00:48:53,280
Speaker 1: from Matt Jones. We had quite a nice little exchange

890
00:48:53,320 --> 00:48:55,879
Speaker 1: about this. He said he did get it through work,

891
00:48:55,960 --> 00:48:58,799
Speaker 1: but he was not a C level executive. Uh, he

892
00:48:58,840 --> 00:49:01,360
Speaker 1: won it through a drawing it is worth. Oh, that's

893
00:49:01,400 --> 00:49:04,680
Speaker 1: that's totally great. That's great. He might as well have

894
00:49:05,000 --> 00:49:09,359
Speaker 1: gotten it from contributing to society. As great as that is. Man,

895
00:49:09,400 --> 00:49:11,840
Speaker 1: I gotta thanks for that, Matt. Also, I knew it

896
00:49:11,920 --> 00:49:13,799
Speaker 1: was called the Kiss. I thought I said it was

897
00:49:13,840 --> 00:49:16,720
Speaker 1: the Kiss. And if I left that out, that drives

898
00:49:16,760 --> 00:49:19,480
Speaker 1: me crazy. Man. When there's a fact that I know

899
00:49:19,920 --> 00:49:22,440
Speaker 1: that I failed to put into the podcast that somebody

900
00:49:22,480 --> 00:49:25,040
Speaker 1: then comes and said, you left out that's really awesome fact.

901
00:49:25,640 --> 00:49:27,760
Speaker 1: And I just dropped to my knees like the Liberty

902
00:49:27,800 --> 00:49:30,640
Speaker 1: mutual guy in the elevator and go, no, you know

903
00:49:30,680 --> 00:49:32,520
Speaker 1: how much that bothers me when that happens to me?

904
00:49:32,840 --> 00:49:36,880
Speaker 1: How much? None? Man, It's like it'll ruin my week.

905
00:49:37,400 --> 00:49:39,880
Speaker 1: My weeks just toast now thanks to Matt. There's the

906
00:49:39,920 --> 00:49:43,399
Speaker 1: difference between you and I. Well, if you want to

907
00:49:43,480 --> 00:49:46,279
Speaker 1: ruin my week and have a neutral effect on Chuck's week,

908
00:49:46,400 --> 00:49:49,520
Speaker 1: maybe even make it more positive, Um, you can email us.

909
00:49:49,920 --> 00:49:53,040
Speaker 1: Go ahead and type it out after that, wrap it

910
00:49:53,160 --> 00:49:55,440
Speaker 1: up after that, spend it on the bottom, and then

911
00:49:55,480 --> 00:50:01,800
Speaker 1: send it off to Stuff podcast at iHeart radio dot com.

912
00:50:01,840 --> 00:50:04,000
Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeart Radio's

913
00:50:04,000 --> 00:50:06,560
Speaker 1: How Stuff Works. For more podcasts for my heart Radio,

914
00:50:06,640 --> 00:50:09,279
Speaker 1: visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you

915
00:50:09,360 --> 00:50:13,680
Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows. H