1 00:00:01,200 --> 00:00:04,360 Speaker 1: Welcome to you Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff 2 00:00:04,400 --> 00:00:12,639 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast on 3 00:00:12,800 --> 00:00:15,720 Speaker 1: Josh Clark And that's Charles W. Chuck Bryant. Jerry's over 4 00:00:15,760 --> 00:00:19,919 Speaker 1: there and this is Stuff You Should Know podcast the 5 00:00:20,000 --> 00:00:26,560 Speaker 1: NPR edition. Bob Ross. Oh Man, there's a documentary out 6 00:00:26,560 --> 00:00:30,080 Speaker 1: about him. Yeah, I haven't seen it, but I will forture. 7 00:00:30,560 --> 00:00:34,519 Speaker 1: Oh speaking up, can't wait. I saw Blood Support for 8 00:00:34,600 --> 00:00:37,760 Speaker 1: the first time in my life the other week. The movie. Yes, 9 00:00:38,560 --> 00:00:42,080 Speaker 1: have you seen it? Oh, Chuck, I mean that's all 10 00:00:42,120 --> 00:00:46,320 Speaker 1: parts of it, but I love every second of that movie. 11 00:00:46,800 --> 00:00:49,360 Speaker 1: It was so great. They basically made a movie to 12 00:00:49,440 --> 00:00:53,199 Speaker 1: show that John Claude Van Dam can do like crazy splits. 13 00:00:53,240 --> 00:00:55,480 Speaker 1: They made a movie for that. Yeah, the only version 14 00:00:55,520 --> 00:00:57,320 Speaker 1: I would watch of that would be like the riff 15 00:00:57,360 --> 00:01:01,440 Speaker 1: tracks version. Don't you don't even a need riff tracks? Yeah, 16 00:01:01,440 --> 00:01:03,440 Speaker 1: but they make everything better, sure of course they do. 17 00:01:03,720 --> 00:01:05,920 Speaker 1: But I would love to see a riff tracks Blood Sport. 18 00:01:05,959 --> 00:01:09,120 Speaker 1: I'm just saying it's a pretty great movie we're seeing. Yeah, 19 00:01:09,240 --> 00:01:12,679 Speaker 1: the bad guy in it is just terrifying because he's 20 00:01:12,760 --> 00:01:17,280 Speaker 1: like so clearly insane and like dangerous. Yeah, Like this 21 00:01:17,319 --> 00:01:20,720 Speaker 1: guy is operating on a level. No one else in 22 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:24,959 Speaker 1: the movie, including surprisingly Ogre from Revenge of the Nerds, 23 00:01:25,040 --> 00:01:31,440 Speaker 1: is operating on it. He's the trusty sidekick. What happened 24 00:01:31,440 --> 00:01:35,120 Speaker 1: to Jean Claude? He's still around. I think he's all 25 00:01:35,160 --> 00:01:39,800 Speaker 1: over like Twitter. Well, I think he's like a couple 26 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:41,679 Speaker 1: of times a day tweets like, hey, it's me Jean 27 00:01:41,720 --> 00:01:45,960 Speaker 1: Claude vandam remember Uh, well he had that big commercial 28 00:01:46,120 --> 00:01:48,440 Speaker 1: that was out not too long ago, and that where 29 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:50,760 Speaker 1: he did a split between like two trucks or something, 30 00:01:51,760 --> 00:01:54,680 Speaker 1: um like with one leg on each truck, like driving 31 00:01:54,680 --> 00:01:57,560 Speaker 1: down the road, if I remember correct. He's reading his kindle? 32 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:00,880 Speaker 1: Is it a kindle? Lad I think so? And I 33 00:02:00,920 --> 00:02:03,120 Speaker 1: think I didn't see him, but he's he's got to 34 00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:06,520 Speaker 1: be in one of those dumb what are the movies 35 00:02:06,600 --> 00:02:10,400 Speaker 1: with all the people with Schwarzenegger and Bruce Willis and 36 00:02:10,639 --> 00:02:13,600 Speaker 1: uh the Last Temptation of Christ. Yeah, yeah, he's in 37 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:19,320 Speaker 1: one of those ladies. Oh Red, No, Yes, he's got 38 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:21,600 Speaker 1: to be in one of those, right probably he would 39 00:02:21,639 --> 00:02:24,880 Speaker 1: literally be the only person of that elk in those movies. 40 00:02:25,040 --> 00:02:28,120 Speaker 1: I hope he is. Yeah, me too. I saw Red 41 00:02:28,160 --> 00:02:31,519 Speaker 1: the other day for the first time too. That's pretty entertaining, wasn't. 42 00:02:31,800 --> 00:02:36,000 Speaker 1: Yeah I haven't seen those either, some stuff just you know, yeah, 43 00:02:36,160 --> 00:02:39,760 Speaker 1: let's get serious, Chuck all right, yeah, okay, alright, we 44 00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:42,160 Speaker 1: talked about Jean Claude Van Damn and that can only 45 00:02:42,160 --> 00:02:49,000 Speaker 1: mean one thing. Gettysburg address, right, that's right. Man. Uh, well, 46 00:02:49,760 --> 00:02:52,800 Speaker 1: he's a better question. Okay. Have you you saw Lincoln? 47 00:02:52,800 --> 00:02:57,400 Speaker 1: Didn't you? I did? I didn't you didn't. I know 48 00:02:57,600 --> 00:03:01,080 Speaker 1: enough to know why we were talking like this. Supposedly 49 00:03:01,160 --> 00:03:04,280 Speaker 1: that is an accurate depiction of Abraham Lincoln speaking voice. Yeah. 50 00:03:04,280 --> 00:03:06,360 Speaker 1: I read this article in the Atlantic. It was one 51 00:03:06,360 --> 00:03:08,520 Speaker 1: of those things where the guy who's writing the book 52 00:03:08,560 --> 00:03:13,040 Speaker 1: like writes a long draft of the book but in 53 00:03:13,320 --> 00:03:16,280 Speaker 1: article for him, and they publish it. And the words 54 00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:18,440 Speaker 1: that remade America as the name of the article and 55 00:03:18,480 --> 00:03:20,960 Speaker 1: the book by a guy named Gary Wills, and he 56 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:25,040 Speaker 1: says like, yeah, Abraham, Abraham Lincoln was a tenor who 57 00:03:25,120 --> 00:03:29,200 Speaker 1: had a voice that you could very easily describe as shrill. 58 00:03:30,520 --> 00:03:33,080 Speaker 1: I remember when I saw the first trailer for the 59 00:03:33,080 --> 00:03:36,640 Speaker 1: Lincoln movie. I think, like most people, like, the Internet 60 00:03:36,680 --> 00:03:38,520 Speaker 1: kind of blew up. The next day was like, what 61 00:03:38,760 --> 00:03:41,520 Speaker 1: is going on with Daniel Day? Lewis. Hey, guys, I'm 62 00:03:41,520 --> 00:03:47,600 Speaker 1: Abraham Lincoln. Um, so you did not see it not yet, 63 00:03:48,640 --> 00:03:52,080 Speaker 1: you know. Here was my deal. I thought it was 64 00:03:52,360 --> 00:03:56,920 Speaker 1: quite dull, and I went into it expecting a bit 65 00:03:56,960 --> 00:04:01,040 Speaker 1: more of a profile on Abraham Lincoln life. Isn't it 66 00:04:01,080 --> 00:04:03,240 Speaker 1: more like about a two week period or something. It's 67 00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:10,600 Speaker 1: really about, uh, trying to get him now, it's trying 68 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:13,360 Speaker 1: to get the vote passed. Um. I just can't remember 69 00:04:13,400 --> 00:04:16,720 Speaker 1: the exact amendment or whatever. That that shows how much 70 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:22,200 Speaker 1: I was checked out. It was a very, very in 71 00:04:22,279 --> 00:04:29,760 Speaker 1: depth look at the process of passing like legislation. It 72 00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:33,080 Speaker 1: was kind of dull for then. That's just me, like, 73 00:04:33,120 --> 00:04:37,239 Speaker 1: where's all the action? Yeah, where's that shootout that Abraham Lincoln? 74 00:04:37,480 --> 00:04:39,839 Speaker 1: I want to run around with the sword free enslaves. 75 00:04:40,520 --> 00:04:43,120 Speaker 1: I think that's Abraham Lincoln vampire hunter that you'd like. 76 00:04:43,200 --> 00:04:45,600 Speaker 1: I probably should have seen that one instead. But I mean, 77 00:04:45,680 --> 00:04:47,360 Speaker 1: Daniel Dey Lewis is great. It was just a little 78 00:04:47,400 --> 00:04:50,560 Speaker 1: dull for my taste. So I'm in the minority. But 79 00:04:50,640 --> 00:04:53,279 Speaker 1: this was just like sliding on an old suit then 80 00:04:53,440 --> 00:04:56,280 Speaker 1: reading this article right like you're familiar with all this 81 00:04:56,440 --> 00:04:59,160 Speaker 1: an old boring suit a little bit and I want 82 00:04:59,160 --> 00:05:01,080 Speaker 1: to be a Civil war off. I keep trying to, like, 83 00:05:02,040 --> 00:05:04,839 Speaker 1: I hope work myself into it. Like reading. I got 84 00:05:04,839 --> 00:05:08,840 Speaker 1: a book given to me, one of those big, huge books. Oh, 85 00:05:08,880 --> 00:05:11,240 Speaker 1: and it just like I just can't quite crack it. 86 00:05:11,560 --> 00:05:13,520 Speaker 1: Have you tried World War two? Maybe that's more of 87 00:05:13,520 --> 00:05:17,360 Speaker 1: your fancy. No, I just I need to buff it up, 88 00:05:18,160 --> 00:05:22,040 Speaker 1: you know, civil war buff because I do recreate stuff. No, 89 00:05:22,360 --> 00:05:24,200 Speaker 1: although I did to see uh. I did a hike 90 00:05:24,279 --> 00:05:29,359 Speaker 1: at Sweetwater Creek State Park this weekend and they were Um, 91 00:05:29,440 --> 00:05:31,000 Speaker 1: I didn't know it was a deal. I was walking 92 00:05:31,080 --> 00:05:34,880 Speaker 1: down the wooded path and there was a camp with 93 00:05:35,000 --> 00:05:41,000 Speaker 1: a bunch of Union soldiers and their ladies and authentic 94 00:05:41,040 --> 00:05:45,559 Speaker 1: garb sitting around the campfire. And I was like, what's 95 00:05:45,560 --> 00:05:48,000 Speaker 1: going on? Because it wasn't a big reenactment, like a 96 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:50,240 Speaker 1: big battle thing. It was just a Saturday night. I 97 00:05:50,240 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: don't know, man. They were just looked like they were 98 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:56,480 Speaker 1: just camping in in period costume. Maybe they had practice 99 00:05:56,560 --> 00:05:59,520 Speaker 1: that day. Maybe that's weird. I thought it was interesting. 100 00:05:59,520 --> 00:06:02,120 Speaker 1: They were young soldiers too. Um did they pretend you 101 00:06:02,160 --> 00:06:06,640 Speaker 1: were a time traveler? They did. I showed them my 102 00:06:06,680 --> 00:06:12,039 Speaker 1: iPhone and they're like, what Devil's man did uh anyway, 103 00:06:12,080 --> 00:06:15,880 Speaker 1: it was just weird. Well let's talk about let me 104 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:18,760 Speaker 1: ask you this. I have another question. Did you have 105 00:06:18,800 --> 00:06:21,919 Speaker 1: to memorize the Gettysburg address? Because this article on the 106 00:06:21,960 --> 00:06:26,200 Speaker 1: site basically says that all students had to and I 107 00:06:26,240 --> 00:06:28,200 Speaker 1: don't know that that's now. I don't know anybody who 108 00:06:28,279 --> 00:06:30,880 Speaker 1: had to memorize the Gettysburg Address. Now, we had to 109 00:06:30,880 --> 00:06:36,840 Speaker 1: remember a part of Caesar's address for English class. I 110 00:06:36,960 --> 00:06:39,039 Speaker 1: come to barry Caesar, not to praise him, blah blah 111 00:06:39,040 --> 00:06:42,680 Speaker 1: blah and the whole deal. Friends, Romans, countrymen. I memorize 112 00:06:42,720 --> 00:06:45,880 Speaker 1: that in high school? Did you have to or did 113 00:06:45,920 --> 00:06:47,880 Speaker 1: you just do it on your own? I was just bored, 114 00:06:48,320 --> 00:06:50,680 Speaker 1: Like I was playing basketball one day, decided to stop 115 00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:53,039 Speaker 1: and I'm trying to think what I had to remember 116 00:06:53,120 --> 00:06:56,880 Speaker 1: that I had to memorize that, which, now that I'm older, 117 00:06:56,920 --> 00:06:59,920 Speaker 1: I think that is like, what a terrible way to teach. 118 00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:04,280 Speaker 1: It is like memorize this these words only like there 119 00:07:04,320 --> 00:07:07,839 Speaker 1: was They'll have no meaning for you what the thing meant? Really, 120 00:07:07,880 --> 00:07:11,720 Speaker 1: it was just like recite this I had to remember. Um, 121 00:07:11,760 --> 00:07:14,240 Speaker 1: I had to memorized the song Surrey with the fringe 122 00:07:14,280 --> 00:07:18,560 Speaker 1: on top. For a transportation play in sixth grade. Chicks 123 00:07:18,600 --> 00:07:22,400 Speaker 1: and Geese and Chicks and Ducks and Geese sped scurry 124 00:07:22,400 --> 00:07:26,040 Speaker 1: when I take you out in Massuri, When I take 125 00:07:26,120 --> 00:07:30,440 Speaker 1: you wout in Massouri with the fringe on top. Very nice. 126 00:07:32,640 --> 00:07:36,280 Speaker 1: I was not expecting that. In this episode. Terry's over 127 00:07:36,320 --> 00:07:39,800 Speaker 1: here just snickering because we haven't started yet. Alright, So 128 00:07:39,880 --> 00:07:44,680 Speaker 1: the Gettysburg Address is a surprisingly small document. That's one 129 00:07:44,720 --> 00:07:47,560 Speaker 1: of the reasons why apparently school children have to memorize 130 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:51,520 Speaker 1: it because it's just short. But it would not be 131 00:07:52,080 --> 00:07:56,440 Speaker 1: hyperbolic to say that it change the tone of American 132 00:07:56,480 --> 00:08:00,360 Speaker 1: politics forever from this very short speech that Abraham Lincoln 133 00:08:00,440 --> 00:08:03,840 Speaker 1: gave on the Gettysburg battlefield when it was being dedicated 134 00:08:03,840 --> 00:08:07,000 Speaker 1: as a national cemetery. Yeah, so let's let's talk a 135 00:08:07,000 --> 00:08:09,800 Speaker 1: bit about the background. What was going on that day 136 00:08:09,840 --> 00:08:12,600 Speaker 1: in November was like, you said, we're gonna open up 137 00:08:12,640 --> 00:08:17,080 Speaker 1: this brand new national cemetery Pennsylvania where so many people 138 00:08:17,120 --> 00:08:21,280 Speaker 1: died at the Battle of Gettysburg. Yeah, I know a 139 00:08:21,400 --> 00:08:24,120 Speaker 1: lot of them died. Yeah. From July one to July three, 140 00:08:24,280 --> 00:08:28,960 Speaker 1: eight sixty three, Roberty Lee and the Confederate Army budded 141 00:08:29,040 --> 00:08:32,760 Speaker 1: heads with the Army of the Potomac. Um. I think 142 00:08:32,760 --> 00:08:36,560 Speaker 1: there were soldiers from like Ohio, New York, um, a 143 00:08:36,559 --> 00:08:39,080 Speaker 1: couple of other states. It was. It was a lot 144 00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:42,320 Speaker 1: of troops under George Mead, General George Mead, it was 145 00:08:42,320 --> 00:08:47,040 Speaker 1: a new general at the time. Um southwest of Harrisburg. 146 00:08:47,960 --> 00:08:49,840 Speaker 1: It was like one of the it might have been 147 00:08:49,880 --> 00:08:53,080 Speaker 1: the first battle fought in the north. Yeah, there weren't 148 00:08:53,080 --> 00:08:56,400 Speaker 1: a lot of northern battles. Do you ever read the 149 00:08:56,440 --> 00:08:59,640 Speaker 1: Confederate markers here in Atlanta? Here are there? They're all 150 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:02,439 Speaker 1: over the yeh, Like it's it's just kind of weird sometimes, 151 00:09:02,480 --> 00:09:05,480 Speaker 1: like to drive a mile from my house and see, like, well, 152 00:09:05,520 --> 00:09:07,800 Speaker 1: this is where so and so pushed back an army 153 00:09:07,840 --> 00:09:11,560 Speaker 1: of a thousand, like right where this playground is very strange, 154 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:15,480 Speaker 1: like every ten ft there's one down here. Yeah. Um, 155 00:09:15,520 --> 00:09:17,720 Speaker 1: but like you said, not a lot of battles up north. Um. 156 00:09:17,760 --> 00:09:20,760 Speaker 1: This was the This was one of the key battles 157 00:09:20,800 --> 00:09:22,720 Speaker 1: that really swung the tide in favor of the North. 158 00:09:22,840 --> 00:09:26,920 Speaker 1: And it was the bloodiest, one of the bloodiest affairs 159 00:09:26,960 --> 00:09:31,280 Speaker 1: in American history for sure, maybe human history really. I'm 160 00:09:31,320 --> 00:09:33,480 Speaker 1: sure it was up there there, I'm there. It was 161 00:09:33,520 --> 00:09:36,040 Speaker 1: probably beaten by some World War two battles for sure, 162 00:09:36,679 --> 00:09:40,160 Speaker 1: but this is probably still up there with one of them. Yeah, 163 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:44,880 Speaker 1: did the Civil warhead the highest casualties of any war? 164 00:09:46,240 --> 00:09:50,080 Speaker 1: Or it was the first it when the Civil War 165 00:09:50,600 --> 00:09:53,320 Speaker 1: took place, they had more casualties in all of their 166 00:09:53,360 --> 00:09:57,120 Speaker 1: preceding wars. Put together some some nuts so statistic like that. 167 00:09:57,240 --> 00:10:00,680 Speaker 1: I'm really curious what the trajector trajector of the country 168 00:10:00,679 --> 00:10:04,679 Speaker 1: would have been had that not happened, especially, Yeah, it 169 00:10:04,960 --> 00:10:07,720 Speaker 1: probably would have just been two different countries. Do you 170 00:10:07,720 --> 00:10:09,400 Speaker 1: think it would have been. I mean, the South is 171 00:10:09,480 --> 00:10:11,920 Speaker 1: just like worth the seating and the North has said no, 172 00:10:12,120 --> 00:10:15,080 Speaker 1: you're not. And had the North just been like all right, 173 00:10:15,120 --> 00:10:18,120 Speaker 1: good luck, it would have just been to the country, 174 00:10:18,160 --> 00:10:20,440 Speaker 1: I think, I mean, go back even further, and what 175 00:10:20,520 --> 00:10:22,480 Speaker 1: if there was no What if it was just a 176 00:10:22,559 --> 00:10:24,760 Speaker 1: unified country from the beginning, Like what would the American 177 00:10:24,800 --> 00:10:27,440 Speaker 1: South be like if they never would have been like, 178 00:10:27,559 --> 00:10:30,560 Speaker 1: you know what, we're seating? What if it was truly 179 00:10:30,600 --> 00:10:34,280 Speaker 1: a United States? I don't know, because the the when 180 00:10:34,280 --> 00:10:38,480 Speaker 1: you asked that question, you're asking like, would could the 181 00:10:38,720 --> 00:10:42,920 Speaker 1: issue of slavery, this huge divisive issue that was that 182 00:10:43,040 --> 00:10:47,120 Speaker 1: people really felt strongly on either side ending the center 183 00:10:47,200 --> 00:10:49,320 Speaker 1: to they were pretty strong feelings like could it have 184 00:10:49,400 --> 00:10:53,480 Speaker 1: been resolved in any other way besides war? I don't know. Yeah, 185 00:10:53,520 --> 00:10:55,880 Speaker 1: that's a great question. I'll bet there's historians out there 186 00:10:55,880 --> 00:10:58,280 Speaker 1: who have tried to figure it out. Well. It always 187 00:10:58,280 --> 00:11:01,120 Speaker 1: cracks me up to when you hear people in the 188 00:11:01,160 --> 00:11:05,280 Speaker 1: South still say like it was about states rights. I'm like, yeah, 189 00:11:05,440 --> 00:11:08,480 Speaker 1: states rights to own slaves exactly. Or they call it 190 00:11:08,520 --> 00:11:10,840 Speaker 1: the War of Northern Aggression. Yeah, I mean there was, 191 00:11:10,920 --> 00:11:12,840 Speaker 1: there was obviously more to a dance slavery, but that 192 00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:15,000 Speaker 1: you're fooling yourself if you don't think that was the 193 00:11:15,120 --> 00:11:20,040 Speaker 1: key driving component. Definitely was anyway. Um so Roberty Lee 194 00:11:20,559 --> 00:11:23,280 Speaker 1: goes up against the army of the Potomac. There were, uh, 195 00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:27,080 Speaker 1: and of course the range is is estimated, but twenty 196 00:11:27,080 --> 00:11:30,840 Speaker 1: three thousand dead Union casualties, which is a quarter of 197 00:11:30,880 --> 00:11:33,560 Speaker 1: the Union army, one quarter, not just the people who 198 00:11:33,559 --> 00:11:38,319 Speaker 1: are fighting in getting back the whole Union army Confederates, 199 00:11:38,840 --> 00:11:41,280 Speaker 1: which is a third of the Confederate army. Incredible, and 200 00:11:41,320 --> 00:11:43,920 Speaker 1: this is over. I did some calculations and there were 201 00:11:44,040 --> 00:11:48,880 Speaker 1: three days. That is every five seconds someone dying but 202 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:54,480 Speaker 1: that's if the battle raged for every sects, which obviously 203 00:11:54,480 --> 00:11:57,280 Speaker 1: it didn't know, but every five seconds somebody died in 204 00:11:57,360 --> 00:12:00,200 Speaker 1: that crazy seven men per hour. Uh In in the 205 00:12:00,240 --> 00:12:03,360 Speaker 1: first two days, thirty five thousand died in the first 206 00:12:03,360 --> 00:12:06,400 Speaker 1: two days. So that was like the bloodiest two days 207 00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:10,040 Speaker 1: of any American conflict, if I'm not mistaken. So it 208 00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:13,080 Speaker 1: was a It was a big deal. And it was 209 00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:15,839 Speaker 1: not just a big deal in the number of casualties. 210 00:12:15,840 --> 00:12:17,440 Speaker 1: It was a big deal in the fact that the 211 00:12:17,480 --> 00:12:22,720 Speaker 1: North won this battle, that it was a Northern battle. Um, 212 00:12:22,760 --> 00:12:25,680 Speaker 1: because up to this point the Confederacy had been beating 213 00:12:25,880 --> 00:12:29,400 Speaker 1: the North pretty badly as far as if you were 214 00:12:29,480 --> 00:12:31,800 Speaker 1: looking at it as a battle by battle, if you're 215 00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:34,240 Speaker 1: just taking number of battles one to the South was 216 00:12:34,240 --> 00:12:37,800 Speaker 1: winning the Civil War at the time, and Abraham Lincoln 217 00:12:38,280 --> 00:12:42,959 Speaker 1: was fairly determined to use this occasion to help reinvigorate 218 00:12:43,320 --> 00:12:46,880 Speaker 1: support for the war in the North. Yeah. So Lee loses, 219 00:12:47,160 --> 00:12:51,480 Speaker 1: retreats to Virginia on July four and and he tried 220 00:12:51,520 --> 00:12:55,240 Speaker 1: to resign because he tried to and Jefferson Davis said, no, 221 00:12:55,400 --> 00:12:59,120 Speaker 1: thank you, I got nobody better than you. Um, he 222 00:12:59,240 --> 00:13:02,719 Speaker 1: was not pursued which was Um. Lincoln didn't like that, 223 00:13:02,800 --> 00:13:05,200 Speaker 1: and other Northern generals did not like the fact that 224 00:13:05,240 --> 00:13:07,280 Speaker 1: Mead didn't like put the pedal to the metal at 225 00:13:07,280 --> 00:13:09,760 Speaker 1: that point. Yeah, because he could have ended the war. Yeah, 226 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:13,200 Speaker 1: conceivably had he kickn out Lee's army the rest of 227 00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:15,280 Speaker 1: it or captured him like, that would have been the 228 00:13:15,360 --> 00:13:18,480 Speaker 1: end of the Civil War right there. Um. And this 229 00:13:18,559 --> 00:13:21,480 Speaker 1: guy's like sitting there getting his nails to it, lollygagging. 230 00:13:23,360 --> 00:13:26,719 Speaker 1: So in the days following the Battle of Gettysburg, the 231 00:13:27,160 --> 00:13:29,959 Speaker 1: Union soldiers were quickly buried the ones that were immediately 232 00:13:30,000 --> 00:13:36,160 Speaker 1: dead uh and poorly marked pauper's graves basically um, or 233 00:13:36,200 --> 00:13:39,440 Speaker 1: maybe not pauper's graves, but not what they deserved. They 234 00:13:39,440 --> 00:13:43,200 Speaker 1: were temporary graves. They were battlefield graves. Uh. And so 235 00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:45,319 Speaker 1: this man named David Wills, he was an attorney in 236 00:13:45,360 --> 00:13:47,839 Speaker 1: the area, said you know what, we need uh to 237 00:13:48,120 --> 00:13:50,559 Speaker 1: do this right and he spearheaded the effort of the 238 00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:54,319 Speaker 1: National UH Cemetery with the Gettysburg Cemetery Commission. It was 239 00:13:54,360 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 1: the first kickstarter back in eighteen sixty three. UM. So 240 00:13:59,120 --> 00:14:01,920 Speaker 1: he said, you know what they're this guy uh, Eddie Everett, 241 00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:06,200 Speaker 1: you know him as Edward. He's sort of a rock 242 00:14:06,240 --> 00:14:12,320 Speaker 1: star speaker. Former Secretary of State, former senator, president of 243 00:14:12,360 --> 00:14:16,400 Speaker 1: Harvard College. This dude brings the house down. Let's get 244 00:14:16,480 --> 00:14:18,920 Speaker 1: him in here, because this guy can go for like 245 00:14:19,360 --> 00:14:23,440 Speaker 1: two hours straight without notes, without notes, and just like 246 00:14:23,480 --> 00:14:27,920 Speaker 1: the most flowery prose and he remembered every word of it. 247 00:14:28,200 --> 00:14:32,520 Speaker 1: Two hour long speeches that were just amazing, speeches that 248 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:34,920 Speaker 1: held crowds and wrapped and he had no notes in 249 00:14:34,960 --> 00:14:37,120 Speaker 1: front of him. Yeah, and so they agreed to delay 250 00:14:37,120 --> 00:14:39,120 Speaker 1: it a little bit so he could be booked because 251 00:14:39,160 --> 00:14:41,680 Speaker 1: I guess he had another engagement. No, he said, this 252 00:14:41,760 --> 00:14:43,720 Speaker 1: is great, but I need more than a month prepare 253 00:14:43,960 --> 00:14:47,120 Speaker 1: a two hour eight. He wanted to do research. It 254 00:14:47,160 --> 00:14:49,680 Speaker 1: was so soon after the war or after the battle 255 00:14:49,880 --> 00:14:53,240 Speaker 1: that they dedicated it as a cemetery that um, the 256 00:14:53,280 --> 00:14:57,160 Speaker 1: official accounts or even like nonofficial accounts hadn't really started 257 00:14:57,200 --> 00:14:59,480 Speaker 1: to emerge yet. So he actually had to do his 258 00:14:59,560 --> 00:15:02,480 Speaker 1: own in reviews with people who were there to gather 259 00:15:02,640 --> 00:15:05,200 Speaker 1: like the information they needed to do a great speech 260 00:15:05,240 --> 00:15:07,480 Speaker 1: on it. Well, yeah, because part of a large part 261 00:15:07,480 --> 00:15:11,160 Speaker 1: of his speech was um Like in our article, they 262 00:15:11,160 --> 00:15:13,480 Speaker 1: said it was sort of like watching a a TV 263 00:15:13,960 --> 00:15:17,680 Speaker 1: like dateline or he had to recap the battle for 264 00:15:17,760 --> 00:15:22,200 Speaker 1: everyone because you know, Twitter was down and no one 265 00:15:22,280 --> 00:15:25,200 Speaker 1: knew what was going on. And he actually he had 266 00:15:25,200 --> 00:15:28,840 Speaker 1: a he had credit as a battle field order. He'd 267 00:15:28,880 --> 00:15:33,080 Speaker 1: given battle um a speeches that like bunker Hill and conquered. 268 00:15:33,520 --> 00:15:36,000 Speaker 1: And actually, when this guy came to town and spoke 269 00:15:36,040 --> 00:15:39,240 Speaker 1: at your battlefield, your battlefield was world famous from that 270 00:15:39,280 --> 00:15:42,440 Speaker 1: moment on. That's how big a deal Edward ever. It was. Yeah, 271 00:15:42,640 --> 00:15:45,040 Speaker 1: in fact, he was so big of a deal. They waited, 272 00:15:45,080 --> 00:15:47,320 Speaker 1: like we said, because he wasn't ready, and then said, oh, 273 00:15:47,400 --> 00:15:50,880 Speaker 1: unless also invite President Lincoln, so speak for a couple 274 00:15:50,920 --> 00:15:54,400 Speaker 1: of minutes. And apparently they that was Lincoln took no 275 00:15:54,480 --> 00:15:57,240 Speaker 1: offense to it. That was totally normal at the time. 276 00:15:57,360 --> 00:16:00,160 Speaker 1: It's like a ceremonial thing, it was. And and this 277 00:16:00,240 --> 00:16:04,280 Speaker 1: was being conducted by the state of Pennsylvania, so at 278 00:16:04,280 --> 00:16:08,560 Speaker 1: the time you didn't really expect much federal involvement or support. 279 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:10,320 Speaker 1: But they're like, no, this is a big enough deal. 280 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:13,760 Speaker 1: We we want to invite the executive branch. That is correct, sir, 281 00:16:14,080 --> 00:16:15,720 Speaker 1: So you want to take a break real quick, Yeah, 282 00:16:15,800 --> 00:16:36,560 Speaker 1: let's do it, okay, alright, So Chuck um Lincoln actually 283 00:16:37,560 --> 00:16:41,160 Speaker 1: was scheduled to leave at six am the morning of 284 00:16:41,680 --> 00:16:45,400 Speaker 1: the dedication ceremony, right, and he in the town on 285 00:16:45,440 --> 00:16:48,040 Speaker 1: the same day as the show. Yeah, like noon, yes, 286 00:16:48,280 --> 00:16:50,440 Speaker 1: which was plenty of time, something we don't even like 287 00:16:50,480 --> 00:16:52,040 Speaker 1: to do when we have our shows. So it's cut. 288 00:16:52,160 --> 00:16:55,800 Speaker 1: It's cutting a little close, um, but it can be done. 289 00:16:55,920 --> 00:16:58,200 Speaker 1: And he's the president and he's got a war to conduct, 290 00:16:58,280 --> 00:17:00,960 Speaker 1: so no one expected him to come in early. Lincoln 291 00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:05,920 Speaker 1: actually overrode um that schedule and said, no, I'm going 292 00:17:05,960 --> 00:17:07,840 Speaker 1: in the day before. This is important. I don't want 293 00:17:07,840 --> 00:17:10,760 Speaker 1: to miss it all together because this is a town 294 00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:14,359 Speaker 1: of and they're expecting fifteen thousand people to come to 295 00:17:14,400 --> 00:17:19,320 Speaker 1: this dedication. Right, So he left the day before, um, 296 00:17:19,359 --> 00:17:21,920 Speaker 1: and he was put up at that lawyer's house. Will 297 00:17:22,280 --> 00:17:26,520 Speaker 1: Willis I can't remember his first name, or Wills Wills 298 00:17:26,520 --> 00:17:28,760 Speaker 1: who wrote the thing. No, he said, no, no relation. 299 00:17:29,440 --> 00:17:34,960 Speaker 1: He's also not like a vampire. He's still alive. He 300 00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:40,439 Speaker 1: wrote the first hand account, right. Um. But he spends 301 00:17:40,440 --> 00:17:42,399 Speaker 1: the night at that lawyer's house and there was like 302 00:17:42,600 --> 00:17:46,000 Speaker 1: this town is just packed. But the fact that that 303 00:17:46,080 --> 00:17:49,720 Speaker 1: Lincoln wanted to do this badly enough that he went 304 00:17:49,840 --> 00:17:54,000 Speaker 1: early um shows that this is this meant something to 305 00:17:54,080 --> 00:17:58,359 Speaker 1: him people for back then, that's a large crowd, and 306 00:17:58,400 --> 00:18:02,280 Speaker 1: I wondered how in the world old who who hears 307 00:18:02,320 --> 00:18:06,800 Speaker 1: this thing the first about people? That was apparently another 308 00:18:07,359 --> 00:18:10,800 Speaker 1: advantage of Lincoln Shrill voices that he could project it 309 00:18:10,880 --> 00:18:13,840 Speaker 1: or really far. Yeah, but not to fifteen thousand. Come on, 310 00:18:14,040 --> 00:18:16,680 Speaker 1: I don't know. I would imagine that they had better 311 00:18:16,760 --> 00:18:20,160 Speaker 1: hearing back then, because they had to and because they 312 00:18:20,200 --> 00:18:24,680 Speaker 1: had fewer like artificial devices that were damaging their hearing. Probably, 313 00:18:24,920 --> 00:18:28,040 Speaker 1: I think everything I just totally made that. It extends 314 00:18:28,080 --> 00:18:31,439 Speaker 1: it a few more feet, but I imagine ten thousand 315 00:18:31,520 --> 00:18:34,359 Speaker 1: of those fifteen were like what do you say? What 316 00:18:34,400 --> 00:18:36,920 Speaker 1: do you say? Or maybe it's like a Montyon skit 317 00:18:37,040 --> 00:18:39,840 Speaker 1: and they're relaying it back and it changes each time, 318 00:18:39,960 --> 00:18:44,480 Speaker 1: like Occupy Wall Street thing. Yeah. So, uh, he gets 319 00:18:44,480 --> 00:18:48,160 Speaker 1: there the day before, and he was quite right. There 320 00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:50,400 Speaker 1: were plenty of dignitaries that were supposed to be there 321 00:18:50,400 --> 00:18:53,680 Speaker 1: that waited to leave that morning and Um didn't. They 322 00:18:53,720 --> 00:18:57,160 Speaker 1: missed the whole thing because they were just late. So 323 00:18:57,280 --> 00:19:02,199 Speaker 1: the day of the thing, they they dedication. Um Everett 324 00:19:02,240 --> 00:19:04,920 Speaker 1: gives his speech and it just it brings the house down. 325 00:19:04,920 --> 00:19:07,800 Speaker 1: It's exactly what everybody expects. Yeah, and the guy who 326 00:19:07,800 --> 00:19:10,600 Speaker 1: wrote this article pointed out that I would have been 327 00:19:10,600 --> 00:19:13,680 Speaker 1: bored to tears for a two hour speech, but apparently 328 00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:16,879 Speaker 1: at the time that was like entertainments. People were crazy 329 00:19:16,920 --> 00:19:19,639 Speaker 1: for the stuff. Yeah, the longer the better. Yeah. She 330 00:19:19,680 --> 00:19:22,959 Speaker 1: said that they had a much longer attention span because 331 00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:27,280 Speaker 1: they hadn't been corrupted by television. Yeah, that's a bit 332 00:19:27,320 --> 00:19:29,920 Speaker 1: of a leap, but sure it makes sense then. Yeah, 333 00:19:29,960 --> 00:19:35,560 Speaker 1: remember short attention span theater and comedy Central that great. Um. So, 334 00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:38,800 Speaker 1: Lincoln gives his speech, and a lot of hay has 335 00:19:38,840 --> 00:19:43,159 Speaker 1: been made over the last century or almost well century 336 00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:47,720 Speaker 1: and a half of the difference in length between Lincoln's statement, 337 00:19:48,359 --> 00:19:52,280 Speaker 1: Lincoln's addressed, and Everet's addressed, But it's like there's really 338 00:19:52,280 --> 00:19:54,520 Speaker 1: no point in comparing them in that sense. No one 339 00:19:54,560 --> 00:19:57,240 Speaker 1: expected Lincoln to speak for a very long time. They 340 00:19:57,280 --> 00:20:00,560 Speaker 1: expected him to dedicate the thing with some short remarks, 341 00:20:00,840 --> 00:20:02,640 Speaker 1: and that Everett was going to give like a two 342 00:20:02,680 --> 00:20:04,960 Speaker 1: hour speech. So this didn't surprise anybody at the time. 343 00:20:05,160 --> 00:20:07,800 Speaker 1: It just seems like in retrospect, when you compare the 344 00:20:07,880 --> 00:20:13,040 Speaker 1: two and the power and the everlasting nous of of 345 00:20:13,080 --> 00:20:15,960 Speaker 1: the two speeches that went that it's like, wow, he 346 00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:19,760 Speaker 1: did this in only two minutes, wherever it took two hours. Yeah, 347 00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:22,160 Speaker 1: I think you said two different things. Yeah, but it's 348 00:20:22,160 --> 00:20:24,320 Speaker 1: a it's a myth that it was like. People were like, 349 00:20:24,359 --> 00:20:26,399 Speaker 1: I can't believe that was so short. That's all they 350 00:20:26,400 --> 00:20:31,440 Speaker 1: were expecting, agreed, Um, And in fact, it was so short. 351 00:20:31,480 --> 00:20:34,160 Speaker 1: Here's a nice little tidbit I thought, Uh, the official 352 00:20:34,160 --> 00:20:38,320 Speaker 1: photographer for the event, Um, you know, it takes a 353 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:40,840 Speaker 1: minute to get things set up when you're taking pictures 354 00:20:40,880 --> 00:20:44,640 Speaker 1: back then you're not just snapping away. And uh, he 355 00:20:44,680 --> 00:20:48,320 Speaker 1: took these pictures of Everett and was getting ready to 356 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:51,879 Speaker 1: take pictures of Lincoln and then got everything set and 357 00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:55,440 Speaker 1: Lincoln like is walking off with the mic drop. Basically, 358 00:20:55,600 --> 00:20:57,640 Speaker 1: that may be a myth as well. I think it's 359 00:20:57,640 --> 00:20:59,720 Speaker 1: a great story. It is a fantastic story. There's a 360 00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:01,720 Speaker 1: ton of great stories out of here, Like he wrote 361 00:21:01,760 --> 00:21:04,200 Speaker 1: the thing on the on the back of an envelope 362 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:07,359 Speaker 1: on the train ride there. Supposedly not true because he 363 00:21:07,440 --> 00:21:10,000 Speaker 1: was very well known as a he was a practice 364 00:21:10,160 --> 00:21:12,880 Speaker 1: order is a lawyer to start out with. He apparently 365 00:21:12,960 --> 00:21:17,000 Speaker 1: poured over his speeches, so the fact that he went 366 00:21:17,000 --> 00:21:23,920 Speaker 1: a day early to this um and he he decided 367 00:21:23,960 --> 00:21:27,040 Speaker 1: he wanted to use this occasion to help drum up 368 00:21:27,280 --> 00:21:31,760 Speaker 1: support for the war. He almost certainly wrote at least 369 00:21:31,800 --> 00:21:34,600 Speaker 1: a draft in Washington before he left. Yeah, that's what 370 00:21:34,640 --> 00:21:36,840 Speaker 1: they think is that he wrote most of it, if 371 00:21:36,880 --> 00:21:39,159 Speaker 1: not all of it, and then continue to work on 372 00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:41,480 Speaker 1: it on the train. But I don't think there was 373 00:21:41,520 --> 00:21:45,199 Speaker 1: ever an envelope involved, correct, I don't think so. He 374 00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:47,600 Speaker 1: had his traveling secretary or is his full time secretary 375 00:21:47,600 --> 00:21:51,760 Speaker 1: with him, John Hey, Yeah, John Hay uh ran it 376 00:21:51,800 --> 00:21:55,960 Speaker 1: by him, I guess, yeah, And he was like Pravovo, 377 00:21:56,560 --> 00:22:03,840 Speaker 1: another great one, and he went thank you. They sipped 378 00:22:03,880 --> 00:22:06,760 Speaker 1: their tea in stony silence for the rest of the train. Right, 379 00:22:07,480 --> 00:22:11,040 Speaker 1: had a weird relationship. So should we read this thing? Oh? Also, 380 00:22:11,160 --> 00:22:13,399 Speaker 1: this is where you know that whole thing was like, 381 00:22:13,560 --> 00:22:16,320 Speaker 1: was Abraham Lincoln gay? He shared a bed with a man? 382 00:22:16,640 --> 00:22:19,040 Speaker 1: I had never heard that. Oh yeah. There was a 383 00:22:19,160 --> 00:22:24,520 Speaker 1: very uh well read biography that came out years back, um, 384 00:22:25,080 --> 00:22:28,720 Speaker 1: within the two thousand sometime on Abraham lincol really popular, 385 00:22:29,080 --> 00:22:32,199 Speaker 1: and in it the biographer is talking about how, um, 386 00:22:32,240 --> 00:22:34,560 Speaker 1: I think at the Gettysburg address he shared a bed 387 00:22:34,640 --> 00:22:37,200 Speaker 1: with the man. And one of the reasons why, well, 388 00:22:37,240 --> 00:22:42,280 Speaker 1: the reason why was because the town was packed, right, 389 00:22:42,760 --> 00:22:46,080 Speaker 1: The town was so packed that even the President of 390 00:22:46,119 --> 00:22:48,840 Speaker 1: United States had to share a bed with somebody because 391 00:22:48,880 --> 00:22:51,040 Speaker 1: there was just nowhere else for people to be. The 392 00:22:51,080 --> 00:22:54,880 Speaker 1: guy who designed the cemetery had to sleep sitting up 393 00:22:54,920 --> 00:22:58,240 Speaker 1: in somebody's like front room, in a chair that night 394 00:22:58,280 --> 00:23:00,520 Speaker 1: the night before the dedication, because the town was so 395 00:23:00,600 --> 00:23:02,479 Speaker 1: packed at the girls. But there was this whole like, 396 00:23:02,640 --> 00:23:05,879 Speaker 1: was they Lincoln gay? He was an entire book not 397 00:23:06,040 --> 00:23:08,920 Speaker 1: about him being gay. It was mentioned in that people 398 00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:11,080 Speaker 1: read the book and then started talking about whether he 399 00:23:11,160 --> 00:23:15,040 Speaker 1: was because my book would say it was President Lincoln gay, 400 00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:17,320 Speaker 1: and you would open it up and said who cares? 401 00:23:17,680 --> 00:23:19,320 Speaker 1: At the end, it would be like, why did they 402 00:23:19,359 --> 00:23:24,640 Speaker 1: print a thousand plank pages after that Civil War book? Yeah? Exactly, 403 00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:30,520 Speaker 1: it's gotta be four inches thick, and they make great doorstops. Uh. 404 00:23:30,520 --> 00:23:34,119 Speaker 1: Should we read the Singing full? Yeah, with a little music, 405 00:23:34,160 --> 00:23:36,840 Speaker 1: maybe some something patriotic? Yeah? I think we should split 406 00:23:36,880 --> 00:23:39,359 Speaker 1: it in half, though, as we uh do with our 407 00:23:39,400 --> 00:23:42,439 Speaker 1: havween readings. Should we What are we going with her? 408 00:23:42,520 --> 00:23:49,480 Speaker 1: Yakety Sachs I think we used Oh Tannenbaum, Oh tan 409 00:23:49,520 --> 00:23:51,920 Speaker 1: Obama would be good. All right, Well, we'll see. Is 410 00:23:52,040 --> 00:23:55,080 Speaker 1: Jerry's choice? Jerry surprised us? Do you want to start 411 00:23:55,160 --> 00:24:01,119 Speaker 1: or finish? Uh? I will art because I have a 412 00:24:01,119 --> 00:24:04,560 Speaker 1: feeling you're gonna do better than me. Is that better 413 00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:12,760 Speaker 1: to finish? Then? Okay, go ahead. Four score I'm just kidding. Sorry. 414 00:24:14,160 --> 00:24:17,920 Speaker 1: Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth 415 00:24:17,960 --> 00:24:21,439 Speaker 1: on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and 416 00:24:21,560 --> 00:24:25,000 Speaker 1: dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 417 00:24:25,680 --> 00:24:28,800 Speaker 1: Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing 418 00:24:28,840 --> 00:24:32,719 Speaker 1: whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, 419 00:24:32,960 --> 00:24:36,160 Speaker 1: can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield 420 00:24:36,200 --> 00:24:39,080 Speaker 1: of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion 421 00:24:39,119 --> 00:24:41,760 Speaker 1: of that field as a final resting place for those 422 00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:44,520 Speaker 1: who here gave their lives that this nation might live. 423 00:24:45,000 --> 00:24:48,000 Speaker 1: It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 424 00:24:48,520 --> 00:24:52,840 Speaker 1: But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, 425 00:24:53,080 --> 00:24:57,600 Speaker 1: We cannot hollow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, 426 00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:01,200 Speaker 1: who struggled here have consecrated it, far above our poor 427 00:25:01,240 --> 00:25:05,640 Speaker 1: power to add or detract. That was wonderful, It was okay, 428 00:25:05,920 --> 00:25:08,520 Speaker 1: all right, I'm gonna bring it home. Should I do 429 00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:10,840 Speaker 1: it in a high bits? Now, that's why I figured 430 00:25:10,960 --> 00:25:14,520 Speaker 1: I should go first. Let's bringing the helium. Uh, here 431 00:25:14,520 --> 00:25:19,320 Speaker 1: we go. The world will little note nor long remember 432 00:25:19,359 --> 00:25:21,320 Speaker 1: what we say here, but it can never forget what 433 00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:24,120 Speaker 1: they did here. It is for us, the living, rather 434 00:25:24,280 --> 00:25:28,640 Speaker 1: to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they 435 00:25:28,680 --> 00:25:32,080 Speaker 1: who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It 436 00:25:32,200 --> 00:25:34,560 Speaker 1: is rather for us to be here dedicated to the 437 00:25:34,560 --> 00:25:38,840 Speaker 1: great task remaining before us, that from these honored dead 438 00:25:39,240 --> 00:25:42,560 Speaker 1: we take increased devotion to that cause for which they 439 00:25:42,600 --> 00:25:45,840 Speaker 1: gave the last full measure of devotion. That we here 440 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:48,720 Speaker 1: highly resolved that these dead shall not have died in vain, 441 00:25:49,119 --> 00:25:52,160 Speaker 1: that this nation under God shall have a new birth 442 00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:56,280 Speaker 1: of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, 443 00:25:56,880 --> 00:26:04,560 Speaker 1: for the people shall not perish from the earth. Boom 444 00:26:04,720 --> 00:26:07,800 Speaker 1: abe out and he dropped his mike. It really is 445 00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:12,639 Speaker 1: at the modern the modern description of this speech is 446 00:26:12,680 --> 00:26:16,160 Speaker 1: that it's a mic drop. Two hundred and seventy two, 447 00:26:16,200 --> 00:26:20,399 Speaker 1: two seventy three depends on what version you're looking at. 448 00:26:21,400 --> 00:26:25,679 Speaker 1: Words under two minutes is all he needed. Under two minutes, 449 00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:29,080 Speaker 1: and he was even interrupted with applause five times, and 450 00:26:29,119 --> 00:26:32,679 Speaker 1: it still only took two minutes. And when when he 451 00:26:32,800 --> 00:26:35,720 Speaker 1: when he said this, chuck. When he gave the speech, 452 00:26:36,200 --> 00:26:40,800 Speaker 1: it was totally in contrast with the way politicians are 453 00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:44,440 Speaker 1: any order at the time, spoke the two hour spiel. 454 00:26:44,560 --> 00:26:47,439 Speaker 1: That ever, gave a lot of raw raw stuff that 455 00:26:47,560 --> 00:26:52,160 Speaker 1: was the standard standard stuff, flowery language, lots of lofty 456 00:26:52,280 --> 00:26:58,680 Speaker 1: rhetoric while admonishing the Confederacy. Admonishing is that the right word? Yeah? Um, 457 00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:01,280 Speaker 1: just a really kind of a rousing type of thing. 458 00:27:01,640 --> 00:27:04,439 Speaker 1: But the idea that you that a politician would get 459 00:27:04,520 --> 00:27:10,280 Speaker 1: up and give a plain spoken speech was new as 460 00:27:10,359 --> 00:27:14,720 Speaker 1: of the moment Abraham Lincoln gave the Gettysburg address. The guy, 461 00:27:14,840 --> 00:27:18,200 Speaker 1: the author, Gary Wills, the historian, not the lawyer who 462 00:27:18,200 --> 00:27:22,280 Speaker 1: set the whole thing up allegedly. Um, not the same guy. 463 00:27:22,720 --> 00:27:29,240 Speaker 1: He points out that, Um, uh Everett, that's the first name, Edward. 464 00:27:29,400 --> 00:27:32,040 Speaker 1: Edward Everett gave his speech at the last moment in 465 00:27:32,160 --> 00:27:35,320 Speaker 1: history when it was customary to give a speech like that. 466 00:27:35,680 --> 00:27:38,560 Speaker 1: Because Abraham Lincoln got on stage right after that and 467 00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:43,240 Speaker 1: changed it forever in the opposite direction. And they say that, um, 468 00:27:43,560 --> 00:27:48,720 Speaker 1: he changed American speech for not just like speaking, that's 469 00:27:48,760 --> 00:27:52,680 Speaker 1: his oration, but also writing, and that Mark Twain's modern 470 00:27:52,720 --> 00:27:56,359 Speaker 1: novel Huckleberry Finn, the first modern novel um followed in 471 00:27:56,400 --> 00:28:00,960 Speaker 1: the footsteps of the Gettysburg Address or the way of 472 00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:05,240 Speaker 1: speaking and talking that Lincoln laid down in the Gettysburg Address, 473 00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:08,520 Speaker 1: like he just changed everything. Wow, yeah, all right, well 474 00:28:08,560 --> 00:28:11,240 Speaker 1: let's take another break because I have to reflect on that. 475 00:28:11,640 --> 00:28:14,480 Speaker 1: You just laid down some heavy stuff. And uh, we'll 476 00:28:14,480 --> 00:28:35,679 Speaker 1: finish up after this speech. Changer, who was That's what 477 00:28:35,720 --> 00:28:40,720 Speaker 1: you said? Changer? Um? And it was amazing. And and 478 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:44,520 Speaker 1: whoever wrote our article? Who was that? Uh? Tiffany Connor. 479 00:28:44,880 --> 00:28:49,160 Speaker 1: Tiffany Connor, she's great. Um. She points out that it 480 00:28:49,280 --> 00:28:52,960 Speaker 1: was a time when, um, they were starting to send 481 00:28:53,600 --> 00:28:58,840 Speaker 1: messages via telegraph, so that also tied end and that 482 00:28:59,680 --> 00:29:01,760 Speaker 1: people we're trying to get to the point a little quicker, 483 00:29:02,280 --> 00:29:05,960 Speaker 1: I think because of the telegraph. And I started talking 484 00:29:05,960 --> 00:29:08,000 Speaker 1: to somebody to snap your fingers, like come on, yeah, 485 00:29:08,600 --> 00:29:11,880 Speaker 1: like you're sitting a telegraph and you gentlemen on this 486 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:15,560 Speaker 1: day and they're like all right, yeah, yeah, yeah, I 487 00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:17,680 Speaker 1: need to go to the bathroom. That's what I'm trying 488 00:29:17,680 --> 00:29:20,000 Speaker 1: to say. So they were just striving for a more 489 00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:24,000 Speaker 1: concise language. And I think Lincoln really like put a 490 00:29:25,600 --> 00:29:28,520 Speaker 1: uh he dotted the eye, maybe even cross the tea 491 00:29:28,560 --> 00:29:30,440 Speaker 1: as well. Yeah, and said like this is a better 492 00:29:30,440 --> 00:29:32,520 Speaker 1: way to talk. And it sounds even a little flowery 493 00:29:32,560 --> 00:29:34,920 Speaker 1: to us, but like we should have read parts of 494 00:29:34,960 --> 00:29:42,360 Speaker 1: Everett speech. That's where we failed. We failed pretty badly. Um, alright, 495 00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:46,440 Speaker 1: So what else was different about it? It was, Um, 496 00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:49,680 Speaker 1: it was a pretty radical idea at the time too, 497 00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:51,720 Speaker 1: because what he kind of did with his speech, well, 498 00:29:51,720 --> 00:29:53,360 Speaker 1: not what kind of did. What he very much did 499 00:29:53,480 --> 00:29:56,800 Speaker 1: was say, let's take a big picture of view of 500 00:29:56,880 --> 00:29:59,960 Speaker 1: this thing. And and they point out he doesn't talk 501 00:30:00,040 --> 00:30:04,280 Speaker 1: about slavery or the Confederate army or the Union army. Um. 502 00:30:04,320 --> 00:30:07,840 Speaker 1: He talks about things in very broad terms and basically says, 503 00:30:07,880 --> 00:30:13,200 Speaker 1: you know what, the Declaration of Independence was the bomb. 504 00:30:14,840 --> 00:30:18,280 Speaker 1: That was the deal, the real deal, and the Constitution 505 00:30:18,480 --> 00:30:22,360 Speaker 1: is the means by which we serve that document. Because 506 00:30:22,400 --> 00:30:24,440 Speaker 1: at the time there were southerns going old slavery is 507 00:30:24,520 --> 00:30:27,920 Speaker 1: not even in the Constitution, right, it was very much 508 00:30:27,920 --> 00:30:30,960 Speaker 1: If not that the Constitution was the guiding document of 509 00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:35,360 Speaker 1: the United States government, then at least no one was 510 00:30:35,360 --> 00:30:40,240 Speaker 1: saying that the Declaration of Independence was Lincoln was basically 511 00:30:40,280 --> 00:30:42,920 Speaker 1: saying with the speech he was reframing it. He was saying, no, 512 00:30:43,560 --> 00:30:47,080 Speaker 1: it's the in the Declaration of Independence laid out the ideals. 513 00:30:47,280 --> 00:30:49,840 Speaker 1: The Constitution is just the vehicle you used to get 514 00:30:49,880 --> 00:30:53,160 Speaker 1: to those ideals. And let's all remember that in the 515 00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:56,760 Speaker 1: Declaration of Independence it talks about all men being created 516 00:30:56,800 --> 00:31:00,920 Speaker 1: equal and in today's modern world where it's gonna substitute 517 00:31:00,920 --> 00:31:04,720 Speaker 1: men with humans. Yeah, and and even at the time 518 00:31:04,960 --> 00:31:08,800 Speaker 1: it was obviously people weren't so far along that Lincoln 519 00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:12,920 Speaker 1: was like, you know, and slaves should be completely equal 520 00:31:12,960 --> 00:31:16,280 Speaker 1: to us starting today. Like it was even a process 521 00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:21,400 Speaker 1: for the North to to bring about equality over time. 522 00:31:21,960 --> 00:31:26,040 Speaker 1: But just the notion that we deserve everyone is born 523 00:31:26,240 --> 00:31:30,520 Speaker 1: and deserves equality was a radical idea at the time. Yeah, 524 00:31:30,640 --> 00:31:33,840 Speaker 1: and so, I mean, it's really worth As I was 525 00:31:33,920 --> 00:31:36,240 Speaker 1: researching this, I had to go back and reread the 526 00:31:36,280 --> 00:31:39,440 Speaker 1: address a couple of times, and once I did, it 527 00:31:39,480 --> 00:31:42,880 Speaker 1: really started to sink in. Yeah, finally, now and almost 528 00:31:42,920 --> 00:31:45,960 Speaker 1: my fortieth year on this planet, I can understand the 529 00:31:45,960 --> 00:31:49,120 Speaker 1: Gettysburg Address. It should not be teaching this to school children. 530 00:31:49,200 --> 00:31:51,840 Speaker 1: It's totally meaningless to them or to break it down 531 00:31:51,880 --> 00:31:54,680 Speaker 1: sentence by sentence and really explain it. Sure, okay, you 532 00:31:54,680 --> 00:31:58,920 Speaker 1: know if you have like you know, um, the poet Society, 533 00:31:59,000 --> 00:32:03,280 Speaker 1: teacher or Captain Mike Captain, who was the guy that 534 00:32:03,360 --> 00:32:08,880 Speaker 1: Matthew Perry played ron somebody Chandler b Chandler bing. It 535 00:32:08,880 --> 00:32:11,480 Speaker 1: was a different role. This is a teacher, like a 536 00:32:11,520 --> 00:32:16,720 Speaker 1: really inspirational teacher and something. Yeah, um, you're thinking almost 537 00:32:17,280 --> 00:32:25,240 Speaker 1: that was the Malagro beanfield War. No, that was Alabamba. Man, 538 00:32:25,320 --> 00:32:29,479 Speaker 1: we got off track. What was my point that Matthew 539 00:32:29,480 --> 00:32:32,640 Speaker 1: Perry was the best friend? Oh that like, this doesn't 540 00:32:32,680 --> 00:32:34,960 Speaker 1: mean anything to school children. But one of the reasons 541 00:32:35,000 --> 00:32:38,840 Speaker 1: why is not because it's above their heads, because this 542 00:32:38,920 --> 00:32:42,000 Speaker 1: is the way we see America now. But the reason 543 00:32:42,120 --> 00:32:44,760 Speaker 1: we see America in America government and the idea that 544 00:32:44,800 --> 00:32:46,960 Speaker 1: it's by the people, of the people, for the people, 545 00:32:46,960 --> 00:32:48,960 Speaker 1: and that people are created equal, and that was the 546 00:32:49,080 --> 00:32:52,320 Speaker 1: ideals of the Founding the Founding fathers were laid out 547 00:32:52,320 --> 00:32:55,120 Speaker 1: in the Declaration of Independence and then that's the true 548 00:32:55,120 --> 00:32:58,360 Speaker 1: guiding document. Um. The reason we see these things is 549 00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:01,680 Speaker 1: because of the gettysburgherge us in these two hundred and 550 00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:05,120 Speaker 1: seventy two wish words. He changed the way that all 551 00:33:05,160 --> 00:33:08,840 Speaker 1: Americans from that point forward saw America. And as a 552 00:33:08,880 --> 00:33:12,120 Speaker 1: matter of fact, um. Again, Gary Wills points out that 553 00:33:12,240 --> 00:33:15,800 Speaker 1: prior to the Gettysburg Address, people referred to the United 554 00:33:15,840 --> 00:33:18,760 Speaker 1: States in the plural form, like the United States are 555 00:33:18,920 --> 00:33:23,200 Speaker 1: a great place to visit. Um. Afterwards a collection of states. Yes, 556 00:33:23,280 --> 00:33:27,760 Speaker 1: And afterwards it became single and unified and a singular noun, 557 00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:30,280 Speaker 1: the United States is a great place to visit. That 558 00:33:30,360 --> 00:33:33,720 Speaker 1: came after the Gettysburg Address, except for these states. Right 559 00:33:34,160 --> 00:33:38,360 Speaker 1: steer clear of these. Um. I had a great Shakespeare 560 00:33:38,400 --> 00:33:42,200 Speaker 1: teacher in college that man. I wish I could remember 561 00:33:42,200 --> 00:33:44,000 Speaker 1: his name, because I would shout him out. But he 562 00:33:44,920 --> 00:33:49,640 Speaker 1: you know, Shakespeare's tough for most people. Um. He literally 563 00:33:50,360 --> 00:33:52,800 Speaker 1: every day in class we would sit down. I think 564 00:33:52,840 --> 00:33:54,680 Speaker 1: we went through like three plays a year or a 565 00:33:54,760 --> 00:33:58,480 Speaker 1: quarter in one class, and we would just read the thing. 566 00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:03,040 Speaker 1: And he would stop about every thirty seconds say here's 567 00:34:03,080 --> 00:34:05,880 Speaker 1: what that means. Here's what he's saying, and we will go, oh, 568 00:34:05,920 --> 00:34:08,280 Speaker 1: that's what that means. Then we would read the next section. 569 00:34:08,280 --> 00:34:10,200 Speaker 1: Someone to read it. He go, here's what that means 570 00:34:10,239 --> 00:34:11,759 Speaker 1: he's really saying, And he would really put it in 571 00:34:11,840 --> 00:34:14,920 Speaker 1: like terms college kids can understand, like, you know when 572 00:34:14,920 --> 00:34:18,000 Speaker 1: your friend does this, and that's what's happening here with 573 00:34:18,000 --> 00:34:22,840 Speaker 1: with with Horatio, and um, it was just like it 574 00:34:22,880 --> 00:34:26,839 Speaker 1: blew my mind because we all left with complete full 575 00:34:26,920 --> 00:34:30,680 Speaker 1: understanding of like three plays at a time and would 576 00:34:30,680 --> 00:34:33,160 Speaker 1: scramble to like sign up for his his Shakespeare two 577 00:34:33,200 --> 00:34:36,040 Speaker 1: class because he was so awesome, and I just I 578 00:34:36,040 --> 00:34:37,759 Speaker 1: don't know, it seems like such an effective way to 579 00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:41,640 Speaker 1: teach when you're talking about this these old languages. You 580 00:34:41,640 --> 00:34:44,360 Speaker 1: can sit around and read Chaucer all day and unless 581 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:47,240 Speaker 1: someone's explaining, like what what it means? Because these stories 582 00:34:47,280 --> 00:34:51,160 Speaker 1: are wonderful, amazing stories in particular too. Yeah, but if 583 00:34:51,160 --> 00:34:53,560 Speaker 1: you don't get it, you don't, it's not hitting home. 584 00:34:54,120 --> 00:34:56,880 Speaker 1: You gotta like liken it to something that they identify 585 00:34:56,960 --> 00:35:01,439 Speaker 1: with or basically completely master old or Middle English. Yeah, 586 00:35:01,600 --> 00:35:03,920 Speaker 1: who wants to do that? That's sneat man. I wish 587 00:35:03,920 --> 00:35:05,760 Speaker 1: you could remember the guys thinking is it Mr Ames, 588 00:35:06,680 --> 00:35:10,600 Speaker 1: Mr Barr? I think it was Mr Carr, Dr byng dr. 589 00:35:11,080 --> 00:35:15,239 Speaker 1: That's okay. So these days the Gettysburg address, there are 590 00:35:15,280 --> 00:35:18,680 Speaker 1: a few different versions of it. There were at least five, 591 00:35:19,160 --> 00:35:22,560 Speaker 1: they believe versions, and I think two of them now 592 00:35:23,719 --> 00:35:29,040 Speaker 1: actually written down versions are the Library of Congress. Are 593 00:35:29,040 --> 00:35:31,560 Speaker 1: they on display? They're probably on display, right sure? Or 594 00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:33,000 Speaker 1: you can just be like, let me see one of 595 00:35:33,000 --> 00:35:35,560 Speaker 1: the Gettysburg addresses and they'll run off and get it. Yeah, 596 00:35:35,680 --> 00:35:39,480 Speaker 1: you just gotta put a fifty in their front pocket. Uh. 597 00:35:39,520 --> 00:35:41,760 Speaker 1: So you can actually look at these and they're mostly 598 00:35:41,800 --> 00:35:44,759 Speaker 1: the same except for just some little revisions here and there. 599 00:35:44,880 --> 00:35:50,319 Speaker 1: Then he made I guess post um. Yeah, yeah, because 600 00:35:50,320 --> 00:35:52,880 Speaker 1: because he knew the document would live on and if 601 00:35:52,920 --> 00:35:55,080 Speaker 1: they had dressed this is this confused me for a second. 602 00:35:55,120 --> 00:35:56,640 Speaker 1: I had to wrap my head around it. If he 603 00:35:56,719 --> 00:35:59,719 Speaker 1: had dressed before then it would have proven unequivocally that 604 00:35:59,800 --> 00:36:02,680 Speaker 1: he had written it before he was on the train. 605 00:36:03,160 --> 00:36:05,320 Speaker 1: But the fact that myth is still around is because 606 00:36:05,600 --> 00:36:07,759 Speaker 1: there's no fact to counterbalance it. So that means that 607 00:36:07,800 --> 00:36:10,440 Speaker 1: all the drafts came after. There are copies that he 608 00:36:10,520 --> 00:36:15,759 Speaker 1: made that imagine his secretary wrote down himself. I think 609 00:36:15,760 --> 00:36:18,040 Speaker 1: he gave them some to him. But yeah, I'm sure 610 00:36:18,120 --> 00:36:20,239 Speaker 1: John Hay was responsible for it. But John Hay had 611 00:36:20,280 --> 00:36:22,640 Speaker 1: one that is in the Library of Congress, right, Yeah. 612 00:36:22,640 --> 00:36:25,120 Speaker 1: But it's funny that you don't think about like any 613 00:36:25,239 --> 00:36:28,480 Speaker 1: like four copies of this, So start writing right, you know, 614 00:36:29,080 --> 00:36:30,759 Speaker 1: get out the pin and would a kill you to 615 00:36:30,840 --> 00:36:33,600 Speaker 1: draw some rabbits doing some weird things in the margins. 616 00:36:34,320 --> 00:36:37,400 Speaker 1: So what about the reaction? Um, I think there's been 617 00:36:37,400 --> 00:36:40,000 Speaker 1: a lot of disagreement depending on who you talked to. 618 00:36:40,160 --> 00:36:43,800 Speaker 1: Some people say it in the moment at the place, 619 00:36:43,960 --> 00:36:47,200 Speaker 1: it wasn't super well received, but other people are saying like, no, 620 00:36:47,440 --> 00:36:50,880 Speaker 1: that's a myth. Yeah, apparently it's another big myth that 621 00:36:51,040 --> 00:36:54,040 Speaker 1: especially he walked off and was like, man, they really 622 00:36:54,080 --> 00:36:57,640 Speaker 1: hated that I blew it. Yeah, he he knew that 623 00:36:58,239 --> 00:37:00,560 Speaker 1: it did exactly what he wanted it too. Yeah, he 624 00:37:00,640 --> 00:37:03,600 Speaker 1: wanted to drop the mic and he did, and supposedly 625 00:37:03,640 --> 00:37:06,200 Speaker 1: the crowd was pretty happy with it. And people are like, 626 00:37:06,239 --> 00:37:09,000 Speaker 1: why do you drop that corn cob? Why was he 627 00:37:09,120 --> 00:37:12,239 Speaker 1: talking into it the whole time? And why did it 628 00:37:12,280 --> 00:37:16,480 Speaker 1: amplify his voice? That was the most surprising part. Uh, Well, 629 00:37:16,600 --> 00:37:18,600 Speaker 1: who cares if they liked it or not at the time. 630 00:37:18,640 --> 00:37:22,240 Speaker 1: We love it now, yeah, go crazy over it. Clearly 631 00:37:22,480 --> 00:37:25,320 Speaker 1: we've been like breathlessly talking about how great the Gettysburg 632 00:37:25,320 --> 00:37:29,040 Speaker 1: addresses this whole time. We haven't even entertained the other 633 00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:33,200 Speaker 1: side that it sucked. You know what else we didn't 634 00:37:33,239 --> 00:37:34,719 Speaker 1: do was the very thing we said it would be 635 00:37:34,760 --> 00:37:37,319 Speaker 1: a great way to teach people. We should have read 636 00:37:37,360 --> 00:37:39,719 Speaker 1: it and after every few sentences broken down what it meant. 637 00:37:40,239 --> 00:37:42,160 Speaker 1: That's not our job. All right, We're not gonna do 638 00:37:42,239 --> 00:37:45,360 Speaker 1: all the work. Do you want to know? Okay, we'll 639 00:37:45,400 --> 00:37:47,800 Speaker 1: let the teachers do it. Yeah. I encourage this should 640 00:37:47,840 --> 00:37:50,200 Speaker 1: be in classrooms. Did we say anything really bad in 641 00:37:50,239 --> 00:37:52,120 Speaker 1: this one? Yeah? This is a teaching aid. Watch this 642 00:37:53,000 --> 00:38:01,080 Speaker 1: turn record over now remember that? Oh yeah? Okay. Uh. 643 00:38:01,120 --> 00:38:03,160 Speaker 1: If you want to know more about the Gettysburg address, 644 00:38:03,239 --> 00:38:06,520 Speaker 1: ask your teacher and you can also go on to 645 00:38:07,120 --> 00:38:09,680 Speaker 1: our great website how Stuff Works dot com and type 646 00:38:09,680 --> 00:38:12,040 Speaker 1: in Gettysburg address. No h at the end, we're not 647 00:38:12,080 --> 00:38:15,640 Speaker 1: in Scotland. Nope, and uh, since I said Scotland, it's 648 00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:21,279 Speaker 1: time for a listener mail. By the way, quickly, I uh, 649 00:38:22,480 --> 00:38:26,000 Speaker 1: after the other day talking about the Brules rules on sushi, 650 00:38:26,560 --> 00:38:28,600 Speaker 1: I went and watch it again like three times. Yeah, 651 00:38:28,640 --> 00:38:30,319 Speaker 1: I still haven't seen it. Did you? Did you watch 652 00:38:30,360 --> 00:38:33,279 Speaker 1: bag Boy? That that one? Listening? Now? I still didn't know. 653 00:38:33,480 --> 00:38:35,680 Speaker 1: I looked it up. I haven't sitting on a Google search. 654 00:38:35,760 --> 00:38:38,800 Speaker 1: I haven't had time to give any attention to it. 655 00:38:40,080 --> 00:38:42,439 Speaker 1: I remember what it was specifically about it that really 656 00:38:42,520 --> 00:38:48,360 Speaker 1: killed me was is that he says shush said the sushi, 657 00:38:49,480 --> 00:38:52,440 Speaker 1: and the intros saying like, we have a chef here 658 00:38:52,480 --> 00:38:59,879 Speaker 1: to make some delicious sushi sandwiches. Sushi sandwiches. All right. 659 00:39:00,080 --> 00:39:04,160 Speaker 1: This is from I know you remember Kathleen of Cooper Cats, 660 00:39:04,239 --> 00:39:09,360 Speaker 1: the PR Agency, former PR. Yes, many years ago, We've 661 00:39:09,440 --> 00:39:11,919 Speaker 1: farmed out our PR to this great company New York, 662 00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:15,840 Speaker 1: Cooper Cats, and Kathleen worked there, still does, and she 663 00:39:16,040 --> 00:39:20,400 Speaker 1: was awesome and super nice. And she wrote this in 664 00:39:21,239 --> 00:39:23,279 Speaker 1: about something she's working on this year to her heart, 665 00:39:23,320 --> 00:39:26,440 Speaker 1: which I think is pretty important, Hey guys. And she 666 00:39:26,480 --> 00:39:29,200 Speaker 1: had some nice things to say early on wowry rhetoric 667 00:39:29,520 --> 00:39:31,839 Speaker 1: like Edward just catching up with us. But I won't 668 00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:34,719 Speaker 1: bore you with that. Um hey guys. Uh, it wasn't 669 00:39:34,719 --> 00:39:36,759 Speaker 1: boring to us, by the way, I just don't want 670 00:39:36,760 --> 00:39:39,040 Speaker 1: to you know. Um Hey, guys. I was writing because 671 00:39:39,080 --> 00:39:42,920 Speaker 1: of one of our clients nowadays is Memorial Sloan Kettering 672 00:39:42,960 --> 00:39:45,520 Speaker 1: Cancer Center. Are there, the oldest and largest private cancer 673 00:39:45,520 --> 00:39:48,520 Speaker 1: center in the US, And we're beginning a big public awareness, 674 00:39:48,840 --> 00:39:55,000 Speaker 1: slash press, push around misconceptions um and misperceptions and miss 675 00:39:55,040 --> 00:39:59,040 Speaker 1: about clinical trials that people have about them. While this 676 00:39:59,120 --> 00:40:01,600 Speaker 1: is for a client, it's really important to me. I've 677 00:40:01,680 --> 00:40:04,920 Speaker 1: learned a lot of things. One, only four of patients 678 00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:11,120 Speaker 1: participate in clinical trials. Wow, it's alarmingly low, even though 679 00:40:11,160 --> 00:40:13,200 Speaker 1: they are the root of every current in future advance 680 00:40:13,239 --> 00:40:17,200 Speaker 1: and treatment. People have negative impressions of clinical trials, and 681 00:40:17,280 --> 00:40:19,839 Speaker 1: that changes as soon as they learn more about them. 682 00:40:20,320 --> 00:40:24,160 Speaker 1: Other things I learned through my work with msk UM 683 00:40:24,280 --> 00:40:26,920 Speaker 1: things I learned about my work with Memorial Sloan Kettering 684 00:40:27,000 --> 00:40:29,440 Speaker 1: I had no idea about before the trials. Uh. They 685 00:40:29,440 --> 00:40:32,920 Speaker 1: are not just for last resorts clinical trials. Many of 686 00:40:32,960 --> 00:40:36,440 Speaker 1: the best treatments are offered early in treatment through clinical 687 00:40:36,440 --> 00:40:40,759 Speaker 1: trial participation. Clinical trials are much more targeted today Uh. 688 00:40:40,960 --> 00:40:45,560 Speaker 1: Through genetic screening, tumor testing, and precision medicine. Doctors have 689 00:40:45,600 --> 00:40:47,480 Speaker 1: a much better grasp but what works and what will not. 690 00:40:48,320 --> 00:40:51,960 Speaker 1: Almost no clinical trials for cancer and volve placebos. Uh. 691 00:40:52,000 --> 00:40:54,880 Speaker 1: Though most people are concerned about this like yeah, like 692 00:40:54,960 --> 00:40:58,120 Speaker 1: I don't want to I want the drug yeah, um, 693 00:40:59,080 --> 00:41:01,439 Speaker 1: yeah exactly. And cost is a huge concern for people 694 00:41:01,480 --> 00:41:03,880 Speaker 1: thinking about and rolling and yet almost all out of 695 00:41:03,880 --> 00:41:07,080 Speaker 1: pocket costs for treatment are covered. Uh so that is 696 00:41:07,120 --> 00:41:10,960 Speaker 1: from Kathleen, and she makes some good points there, she does, 697 00:41:11,000 --> 00:41:12,239 Speaker 1: and I never really thought about it. I think we 698 00:41:12,320 --> 00:41:15,880 Speaker 1: just got pard. We did ps If you happen to 699 00:41:15,920 --> 00:41:19,560 Speaker 1: need a good cry uh memorial Sloan Kettering, and I 700 00:41:19,600 --> 00:41:22,360 Speaker 1: do not. By the way, Kathleen, they just wrapped up 701 00:41:22,400 --> 00:41:25,279 Speaker 1: a two week partnership with Humans of New York. To 702 00:41:25,480 --> 00:41:29,120 Speaker 1: that website. Man, they're great. It's an incredible photo documentary 703 00:41:29,120 --> 00:41:33,200 Speaker 1: of the world of pediatric cancer. Uh so many of 704 00:41:33,200 --> 00:41:36,319 Speaker 1: the miracles documented were results of clinical trials, is why 705 00:41:36,360 --> 00:41:40,440 Speaker 1: I'm so passionate about pushing this information. And Kathleen just 706 00:41:40,520 --> 00:41:45,240 Speaker 1: had her second little bab congratulations and uh important stuff. 707 00:41:45,239 --> 00:41:47,920 Speaker 1: So look into clinical trials and maybe we should do 708 00:41:48,160 --> 00:41:51,120 Speaker 1: a show on them one day. We definitely should be. 709 00:41:51,320 --> 00:41:54,520 Speaker 1: I really am surprised that we haven't already have we not? 710 00:41:55,400 --> 00:41:58,640 Speaker 1: We did on human experimentation, but we've probably talked more 711 00:41:58,640 --> 00:42:01,239 Speaker 1: about the sordid side of it, like boo section, the 712 00:42:01,239 --> 00:42:03,719 Speaker 1: gruesome Oh yeah, we did, and we talked about, like 713 00:42:04,360 --> 00:42:07,759 Speaker 1: you know, the regulations on people who are human guinea pig. Yeah, 714 00:42:08,320 --> 00:42:10,919 Speaker 1: we should. We will do one on Clinical Trump. Yeah. 715 00:42:10,960 --> 00:42:12,680 Speaker 1: So that's awesome, Kathleen. It's cool when you can do 716 00:42:12,719 --> 00:42:15,640 Speaker 1: work that you can PR with a good feeling. And 717 00:42:15,680 --> 00:42:20,000 Speaker 1: we're sorry about URPR episode. I'm not. I stand by that. No, 718 00:42:20,200 --> 00:42:21,960 Speaker 1: I think it's great episode, but it probably should have 719 00:42:21,960 --> 00:42:25,359 Speaker 1: been called the Legend of Edward Burnet's and less. This 720 00:42:25,440 --> 00:42:28,360 Speaker 1: is what PR is like. It was a fun episode, 721 00:42:28,480 --> 00:42:31,759 Speaker 1: isn't it. It surely was. If you want to know 722 00:42:31,840 --> 00:42:34,640 Speaker 1: more about us, you can hang out with us on 723 00:42:34,640 --> 00:42:38,160 Speaker 1: Twitter at s Y s K podcast. Same goes for Instagram, 724 00:42:38,320 --> 00:42:40,600 Speaker 1: where you can see pictures of our pets and stuff 725 00:42:40,640 --> 00:42:43,120 Speaker 1: like that. You can also hang out with us on 726 00:42:43,120 --> 00:42:45,560 Speaker 1: Facebook at Facebook dot com, slash Stuff you Should Know, 727 00:42:45,840 --> 00:42:48,319 Speaker 1: and you can send us emails to stuff podcast at 728 00:42:48,320 --> 00:42:51,480 Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. Lastly, hang out with us 729 00:42:51,520 --> 00:42:55,040 Speaker 1: at our home on the Web, our playhouse for the 730 00:42:55,080 --> 00:43:03,200 Speaker 1: Internet Stuff you Should Know dot com. For more on 731 00:43:03,280 --> 00:43:06,040 Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics, visit how stuff Works 732 00:43:06,040 --> 00:43:13,560 Speaker 1: dot com.