1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:03,400 Speaker 1: Hi, everyone, It's Charles W. Chuck Brian here on a 2 00:00:03,440 --> 00:00:06,880 Speaker 1: lovely Saturday in Atlanta, Georgia, co host of the Stuff 3 00:00:06,880 --> 00:00:09,959 Speaker 1: You Should Know podcast, bringing you with this Saturday Selects 4 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:15,600 Speaker 1: episode all the way back from June. Why is Venice 5 00:00:15,880 --> 00:00:26,400 Speaker 1: so wet? The answer coming up right now. Welcome to 6 00:00:26,480 --> 00:00:35,320 Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know, a production of I Heart Radio. Hey, 7 00:00:35,320 --> 00:00:38,760 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 8 00:00:38,880 --> 00:00:44,480 Speaker 1: Chuck Bryant Nols with us again and it's another morning edition. Yeah, 9 00:00:44,720 --> 00:00:46,800 Speaker 1: we got an email. I think we had our last 10 00:00:46,840 --> 00:00:49,600 Speaker 1: morning thing not session, not too long ago, and someone 11 00:00:49,600 --> 00:00:51,680 Speaker 1: wrote in and said, please don't do that again. I 12 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:53,600 Speaker 1: didn't think it was that bad. You guys are clearly 13 00:00:53,640 --> 00:00:56,920 Speaker 1: like really tired and not the same. So what I 14 00:00:57,000 --> 00:00:59,720 Speaker 1: say is, if you have a choice, is save this 15 00:00:59,760 --> 00:01:02,360 Speaker 1: one the morning and just pretend like where your local 16 00:01:02,440 --> 00:01:06,399 Speaker 1: MPR station or a cup of Joe like Josh is drinking. Yea, 17 00:01:06,920 --> 00:01:10,920 Speaker 1: and yeah it smells so good, and let's let's do 18 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:14,840 Speaker 1: this morning style. Let's do it man, um, let's do 19 00:01:14,920 --> 00:01:18,640 Speaker 1: this more style in Italian. Yeah, this is gonna be 20 00:01:18,720 --> 00:01:21,840 Speaker 1: a fan favorite, I predict because there's some Italian pronunciations 21 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:25,200 Speaker 1: that I'm sure you will do for everybody, Right, I'm 22 00:01:25,240 --> 00:01:27,920 Speaker 1: gonna do with my best. That was a good, good 23 00:01:27,920 --> 00:01:30,280 Speaker 1: little taste of it. Yes, that's one of the accents 24 00:01:30,319 --> 00:01:33,440 Speaker 1: you can have a great time with without people saying 25 00:01:33,440 --> 00:01:39,080 Speaker 1: that you're offensive. That's a T shirt. Yeah, so Chuck, 26 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:44,000 Speaker 1: you heard about them sea levels yeahs and fallen. Yeah, 27 00:01:44,280 --> 00:01:47,760 Speaker 1: due to climate change, that's what some saying. Well, it's 28 00:01:47,800 --> 00:01:51,960 Speaker 1: climate change. To the big bone of contention is whether 29 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:56,840 Speaker 1: it's human cause, right or anthropogenic? Ye? Uh. The thing 30 00:01:57,000 --> 00:02:00,360 Speaker 1: is there are there. It is undeniable that see levels 31 00:02:00,400 --> 00:02:05,000 Speaker 1: are rising rate of about three millimeters a year, which 32 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:07,600 Speaker 1: doesn't sound like much, But buddy, if you live for 33 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:10,680 Speaker 1: a thousand years, you'd see the sea levels rise by 34 00:02:10,720 --> 00:02:14,359 Speaker 1: three meters, which is almost ten ft in America. Yeah, 35 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:17,000 Speaker 1: not the biggest deal in some parts of the world. 36 00:02:17,760 --> 00:02:20,520 Speaker 1: Big deal in Venice. Yeah. And you know, if you're 37 00:02:20,520 --> 00:02:23,040 Speaker 1: waiting a thousand years to watch it rise three ms 38 00:02:23,200 --> 00:02:26,440 Speaker 1: that's the current rate of sea level rise, it could 39 00:02:26,440 --> 00:02:31,160 Speaker 1: speed up tremendously. And while three millimeters might not sound 40 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:37,360 Speaker 1: that much to you out in the Rockies, yeah, because 41 00:02:37,360 --> 00:02:39,800 Speaker 1: it's nice and dry there in the middle of the Mountain. 42 00:02:39,919 --> 00:02:43,360 Speaker 1: They're all stoned, right, Yeah, because it's legal there. Who cares. 43 00:02:44,080 --> 00:02:48,560 Speaker 1: If you're in a place like um, the Maldives, you're saying, wow, 44 00:02:48,560 --> 00:02:51,160 Speaker 1: my country is probably not going to exist in the 45 00:02:51,200 --> 00:02:55,520 Speaker 1: next like twenty years. If you're in New Orleans worried 46 00:02:55,520 --> 00:02:58,799 Speaker 1: about the same thing. And a little town known as Venice, 47 00:02:58,840 --> 00:03:02,640 Speaker 1: Italy is facing the same problem. It has been for 48 00:03:02,680 --> 00:03:06,600 Speaker 1: a very long time. And you say little town, Uh, 49 00:03:06,760 --> 00:03:10,120 Speaker 1: it is getting smaller, not only physically, but the population 50 00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:13,720 Speaker 1: because Venice is such a mess, has declined down to 51 00:03:13,760 --> 00:03:17,440 Speaker 1: about sixty people now. Yeah, over the years from like 52 00:03:17,480 --> 00:03:20,320 Speaker 1: a hundred and eighty. Yes, because people are tired of 53 00:03:20,400 --> 00:03:24,359 Speaker 1: getting wet. They are they used to get wet. Um, say, 54 00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:27,120 Speaker 1: back in nine they would get wet about ten times 55 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:30,640 Speaker 1: a year due to flooding. They could expect ten noteworthy 56 00:03:30,720 --> 00:03:33,160 Speaker 1: floods a year. And when we say not worthy floods, 57 00:03:33,200 --> 00:03:37,360 Speaker 1: we mean like the squares in the throughout the city 58 00:03:37,400 --> 00:03:39,920 Speaker 1: are flooded up to maybe your knees, kind of like 59 00:03:40,000 --> 00:03:43,040 Speaker 1: the whole ground floor of Venice. Yeah, it gets flooded 60 00:03:43,080 --> 00:03:45,480 Speaker 1: like you're slogging around, which I mean sounds kind of 61 00:03:45,480 --> 00:03:47,800 Speaker 1: fun when you're a kid, but it's not that fun, right, 62 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:51,400 Speaker 1: especially when you're an adult who maybe a germophobe. Because 63 00:03:51,480 --> 00:03:56,200 Speaker 1: Venice has an antiquated sewer system that's antiquated a is 64 00:03:56,360 --> 00:03:59,680 Speaker 1: uh the perfect word. Yeah. By antiquated, we mean all 65 00:03:59,680 --> 00:04:03,440 Speaker 1: of the um sewer pipes go right out into the canals, 66 00:04:03,800 --> 00:04:06,680 Speaker 1: and they have along the um along the years added 67 00:04:06,720 --> 00:04:09,520 Speaker 1: like septic tanks to treat the stuff first. But not 68 00:04:09,640 --> 00:04:13,920 Speaker 1: everybody has those um and sometimes they get backed up too. 69 00:04:14,240 --> 00:04:18,880 Speaker 1: But the raw sewage or septically treated sewage in Venice 70 00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:22,680 Speaker 1: goes into those canals that you float around in um boats. 71 00:04:23,279 --> 00:04:26,279 Speaker 1: And when you're swimming around in the flood like a tourist, 72 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:30,400 Speaker 1: you're swimming around in fecal material. The tours get in 73 00:04:30,400 --> 00:04:33,960 Speaker 1: that water. There's a picture of it um on a 74 00:04:34,000 --> 00:04:36,400 Speaker 1: oh Man, I can't remember. I think like a Bloomberg 75 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:39,840 Speaker 1: article about Venice or maybe wired. But it's like, if 76 00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:42,480 Speaker 1: you know about Venice, you'll think these people are crazy 77 00:04:42,560 --> 00:04:46,000 Speaker 1: for swimming in this floodwater. And it shows a couple 78 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:48,160 Speaker 1: of tourists like swimming in a flood in the middle 79 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:53,320 Speaker 1: of the square um a San Marco, the San Marco Square. Yeah. Yeah, 80 00:04:53,400 --> 00:04:55,960 Speaker 1: And now that you know it's it's gross to see. 81 00:04:56,160 --> 00:05:00,680 Speaker 1: They're like, it tastes briny and sort of om me right, 82 00:05:01,200 --> 00:05:05,040 Speaker 1: why are my lips swollen? Yeah, it's uh, it's that's 83 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:08,640 Speaker 1: one of many many problems facing Venice right now, an 84 00:05:08,640 --> 00:05:11,920 Speaker 1: antiquated sewer system, and a lot of the problems are 85 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:16,000 Speaker 1: unique just because of the city and how it's created. Yeah, 86 00:05:16,120 --> 00:05:19,960 Speaker 1: let's talk about this because Venice is not something I 87 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:21,560 Speaker 1: knew a ton about. I knew it was on the water. 88 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:23,719 Speaker 1: I knew it was sinking. Shout out by the way 89 00:05:23,720 --> 00:05:29,000 Speaker 1: to Venice is sinking Athens band and stuff. You should 90 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:33,200 Speaker 1: know fans. Um, well, then I like them already, Yes, no, 91 00:05:33,400 --> 00:05:36,800 Speaker 1: you know those guys. He does, in fact, says Nold 92 00:05:36,800 --> 00:05:41,240 Speaker 1: talks Jerry doesn't like. Oh yeah, they're great. He launches 93 00:05:41,279 --> 00:05:44,200 Speaker 1: into like a five minute discourse. Uh So, I knew 94 00:05:44,200 --> 00:05:46,040 Speaker 1: a little bit about Venice, very little though I've never 95 00:05:46,080 --> 00:05:49,000 Speaker 1: been there. But when I watched this awesome video that 96 00:05:49,080 --> 00:05:52,200 Speaker 1: Josh found, yeah, um, we should go ahead and plug 97 00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:55,200 Speaker 1: it because it's just super cool. Yeah, it's called um 98 00:05:55,400 --> 00:06:00,120 Speaker 1: Venice backstage period. How does Venice work? And it is 99 00:06:00,120 --> 00:06:03,760 Speaker 1: created by the Insula SPA, which is I guess the 100 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:07,920 Speaker 1: production arm of the city of Venice. Yeah. So it's 101 00:06:07,920 --> 00:06:11,280 Speaker 1: like a locally produced video about Venice, but it's one 102 00:06:11,320 --> 00:06:15,160 Speaker 1: of the most fascinating, like eighteen minute videos I've ever seen. Yeah, 103 00:06:15,160 --> 00:06:17,320 Speaker 1: I mean they pack a lot of learning into that 104 00:06:17,400 --> 00:06:20,520 Speaker 1: eighteen minutes. Um. So if you don't know much about Venice, 105 00:06:20,560 --> 00:06:22,680 Speaker 1: imagine if you do know something about New York City, 106 00:06:22,720 --> 00:06:26,200 Speaker 1: imagine like the Greenwich Village. Uh. And I use Greenwich 107 00:06:26,240 --> 00:06:28,920 Speaker 1: Village because it's not on like the direct like north 108 00:06:28,960 --> 00:06:31,440 Speaker 1: south east west grid. They got all those crazy diagonal streets. 109 00:06:31,960 --> 00:06:37,760 Speaker 1: Imagine if it's so hot right now because yeah, true. Um, 110 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:42,320 Speaker 1: imagine Greenwich Village if every block was an island. And 111 00:06:42,360 --> 00:06:45,960 Speaker 1: that's essentially what Venice is, right. It is a hundred 112 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:51,839 Speaker 1: and twenty four tiny little islands I'll pack together. And 113 00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:55,240 Speaker 1: instead of streets, you have water, a hundred and eighty 114 00:06:55,279 --> 00:06:58,320 Speaker 1: three canals and it's all connected by little foot bridges 115 00:06:58,360 --> 00:07:03,680 Speaker 1: and real bridges. Uh and yes, canals by boat. Yeah. 116 00:07:03,720 --> 00:07:06,040 Speaker 1: I mean it's crazy when you've never even seen like 117 00:07:06,279 --> 00:07:09,440 Speaker 1: the big zoom in from above bird's eye view of 118 00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:11,520 Speaker 1: what Venice looks like. And I was like, that's what's 119 00:07:11,560 --> 00:07:14,080 Speaker 1: going on. Yeah, it's crazy because I mean when especially 120 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:16,680 Speaker 1: when you're in the city, like you're walking over canals, 121 00:07:16,760 --> 00:07:18,880 Speaker 1: but you don't give too much thought to him. You're 122 00:07:18,920 --> 00:07:21,520 Speaker 1: just like, oh, that's so quaint. You're almost thinking like 123 00:07:21,680 --> 00:07:24,960 Speaker 1: they dug that out on purpose or something to get tourists. 124 00:07:25,120 --> 00:07:29,000 Speaker 1: Now those are necessity. It's it's odd. It was an 125 00:07:29,040 --> 00:07:32,360 Speaker 1: odd and different way for a city to form. They 126 00:07:32,360 --> 00:07:35,480 Speaker 1: didn't start from a city center and grow out. Each 127 00:07:35,520 --> 00:07:39,480 Speaker 1: little block in section was its own little thing. Yeah, 128 00:07:39,520 --> 00:07:42,440 Speaker 1: it was kind of its own little municipality. Um. And 129 00:07:42,480 --> 00:07:45,280 Speaker 1: the reason that these people set up shop hundreds and 130 00:07:45,360 --> 00:07:49,800 Speaker 1: hundreds of years ago on these islands was for for protection. 131 00:07:50,240 --> 00:07:55,960 Speaker 1: Venice was a very well protected municipality or cluster of municipalities. Right. Yeah. 132 00:07:56,000 --> 00:07:59,880 Speaker 1: It sits in a lagoon, and there are three water 133 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:04,160 Speaker 1: ways that flow water in and out every day twice 134 00:08:04,160 --> 00:08:06,720 Speaker 1: a day. With the tides. Yeah, the Adriatic flows in 135 00:08:07,040 --> 00:08:10,920 Speaker 1: um to the lagoon and uh brings it out, brings 136 00:08:10,920 --> 00:08:15,080 Speaker 1: the water back out at low tide, right yeah, high tide, 137 00:08:15,080 --> 00:08:17,160 Speaker 1: it brings water in. Low tide, it takes the water out, 138 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:19,600 Speaker 1: which is why they're not that worried about their sewage 139 00:08:19,840 --> 00:08:23,760 Speaker 1: going into the canals because because the the water comes 140 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:25,760 Speaker 1: in and kind of brings all the trash out to 141 00:08:25,800 --> 00:08:27,600 Speaker 1: the sea and then no one sees it. So like 142 00:08:27,920 --> 00:08:30,400 Speaker 1: it's a self a flushing system. Yeah, well, I mean 143 00:08:30,440 --> 00:08:32,840 Speaker 1: it pretty much is. So that's how they've been able 144 00:08:32,840 --> 00:08:35,720 Speaker 1: to put up with that for so long because twice 145 00:08:35,720 --> 00:08:39,280 Speaker 1: a day, Um, the waters exchange. There's there's a big 146 00:08:39,280 --> 00:08:42,520 Speaker 1: exchange to it. The problem is when that water comes in, 147 00:08:43,320 --> 00:08:48,280 Speaker 1: especially when you include sea level rises and now up 148 00:08:48,280 --> 00:08:51,440 Speaker 1: to six times more flooding per year. Remember it was 149 00:08:51,480 --> 00:08:54,960 Speaker 1: like ten times a year. Now that's up to about 150 00:08:55,000 --> 00:09:00,440 Speaker 1: sixty floods. Um, you have kind of a problem. You've 151 00:09:00,440 --> 00:09:03,800 Speaker 1: got the you you have a sinking city essentially, is 152 00:09:03,840 --> 00:09:06,920 Speaker 1: what it's what it amounts to. Yeah, I mean it's 153 00:09:07,000 --> 00:09:11,359 Speaker 1: it's two things. It's the water rises in Venice itself. 154 00:09:12,160 --> 00:09:15,240 Speaker 1: The buildings are sinking. So those are two bad things 155 00:09:15,480 --> 00:09:18,320 Speaker 1: that go you know, that don't taste great together. The 156 00:09:18,360 --> 00:09:22,200 Speaker 1: reason that sinking is because they extract freshwater from beneath 157 00:09:22,200 --> 00:09:27,000 Speaker 1: the city, right, Yeah, so there's less of a solid 158 00:09:27,040 --> 00:09:33,160 Speaker 1: foundation now and um there's also drilling nearby, like for 159 00:09:33,280 --> 00:09:38,280 Speaker 1: natural gas or um fossil fuels and uh, it's also 160 00:09:38,360 --> 00:09:40,720 Speaker 1: just a roading. Well yeah, they've done a lot of 161 00:09:40,720 --> 00:09:43,000 Speaker 1: things over the year. When you've got seawater lapping up 162 00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:47,160 Speaker 1: against well, let's step back, it's not just dirt and stuff. 163 00:09:47,200 --> 00:09:49,320 Speaker 1: They realize pretty early on, we're not going to be 164 00:09:49,360 --> 00:09:54,520 Speaker 1: around unless we, in case, the entire city basically in brick, yeah, 165 00:09:54,559 --> 00:09:56,640 Speaker 1: below the water line, and they came up with some 166 00:09:56,679 --> 00:10:00,320 Speaker 1: really ingenious construction methods that you can super engine in 167 00:10:00,360 --> 00:10:05,640 Speaker 1: that Venice back stage video on vimeo. Yeah, but even 168 00:10:05,640 --> 00:10:08,440 Speaker 1: though they've been ensconced the whole city and brick as 169 00:10:08,480 --> 00:10:12,520 Speaker 1: a foundation, that's was lapping salt water and it's you know, 170 00:10:12,520 --> 00:10:15,600 Speaker 1: these canals are busy. It's not just the gondolier singing 171 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:18,840 Speaker 1: the song like there. If you see real footage and 172 00:10:18,880 --> 00:10:22,800 Speaker 1: that movie footage, they're packed with boats, motor boats, cruise ships, 173 00:10:22,800 --> 00:10:26,439 Speaker 1: all sorts of stuff. And that action creates a lot 174 00:10:26,480 --> 00:10:29,839 Speaker 1: of movement in the water and it just whittles away 175 00:10:29,920 --> 00:10:32,480 Speaker 1: at those bricks little by little over the years, over 176 00:10:32,559 --> 00:10:35,800 Speaker 1: hundreds and hundreds of years, and then that's why Venice 177 00:10:35,840 --> 00:10:38,280 Speaker 1: is sinking. Um. Part of the other problem too, is 178 00:10:38,559 --> 00:10:41,600 Speaker 1: h sediment builds up in the canals. They're supposed to 179 00:10:41,640 --> 00:10:45,079 Speaker 1: close them down on a fairly regular basis. Yeah, basically 180 00:10:45,200 --> 00:10:48,480 Speaker 1: damn them up, drain them and then remove the sediment 181 00:10:48,520 --> 00:10:51,600 Speaker 1: and basically called the dead bodies. Yeah, Um, they stopped 182 00:10:51,600 --> 00:10:54,400 Speaker 1: doing that as frequently is before, and there there's been 183 00:10:54,600 --> 00:10:59,160 Speaker 1: a problem as a result. Plus, salt water permeates bricks. 184 00:10:59,160 --> 00:11:03,960 Speaker 1: Bricks are um semipermeable and they have capillary action, so 185 00:11:04,040 --> 00:11:07,280 Speaker 1: it draws saltwater up into the bricks, which I mean, 186 00:11:07,360 --> 00:11:10,319 Speaker 1: as long as bricks are connected by mortar, that water, 187 00:11:10,400 --> 00:11:12,280 Speaker 1: that saltwater will rise all the way to the top 188 00:11:12,360 --> 00:11:15,800 Speaker 1: of a building. And when the water evaporates, the water 189 00:11:15,880 --> 00:11:18,720 Speaker 1: is gone, but the salt stays and it apparently increases 190 00:11:18,880 --> 00:11:21,760 Speaker 1: in volume tremendously and basically crushes the bricks from the 191 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:25,080 Speaker 1: inside out. Yeah, and they've they've been taking steps and 192 00:11:25,080 --> 00:11:27,480 Speaker 1: measures a little by little in different ways over the 193 00:11:27,520 --> 00:11:29,600 Speaker 1: years to help. But they're they're kind of fighting a 194 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:33,440 Speaker 1: losing battle. They're like inject resin into the between the 195 00:11:33,480 --> 00:11:37,400 Speaker 1: bricks and into the bricks with hydraulics a barrier. But 196 00:11:37,720 --> 00:11:39,959 Speaker 1: you know, they're fighting, like I said, they're fighting mother 197 00:11:40,040 --> 00:11:43,520 Speaker 1: nature here, right. So finally they've said, let's turn our 198 00:11:43,559 --> 00:11:47,720 Speaker 1: attention from these um these piecemeal measures of you know 199 00:11:47,840 --> 00:11:52,360 Speaker 1: kind of of treating bricks and go to where the 200 00:11:52,400 --> 00:11:54,600 Speaker 1: problem is. Let's go to the doorstep of the problem, 201 00:11:54,720 --> 00:11:58,720 Speaker 1: which is the Adriatic and the three inlets into the lagoon, 202 00:11:59,720 --> 00:12:02,320 Speaker 1: and they turn their attention to that. And now they've 203 00:12:02,360 --> 00:12:06,439 Speaker 1: come up with a pretty great plan for dealing with 204 00:12:07,120 --> 00:12:35,200 Speaker 1: rising tides and floodwaters. M all right, so there's a plan. 205 00:12:36,240 --> 00:12:38,280 Speaker 1: You know one thing on that video too quickly that 206 00:12:38,400 --> 00:12:42,320 Speaker 1: amazed me. You're talking about the building construction. Um, the 207 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:45,600 Speaker 1: walls in Venice. The exterior walls have a tendency to 208 00:12:45,800 --> 00:12:49,040 Speaker 1: bow out at the top, and uh so they have 209 00:12:49,160 --> 00:12:54,440 Speaker 1: these these basically hooks that pull from the inside the 210 00:12:54,520 --> 00:12:59,320 Speaker 1: walls in and then those long metal hooks travel into 211 00:12:59,360 --> 00:13:01,199 Speaker 1: the floor where they spiked into the floor. So they're 212 00:13:01,200 --> 00:13:03,360 Speaker 1: trying to pull it in there. And then the roofs 213 00:13:03,600 --> 00:13:06,280 Speaker 1: of the buildings in Venice aren't just like hey, let's 214 00:13:06,320 --> 00:13:11,360 Speaker 1: keep the water out there, literally like caps that locked 215 00:13:11,480 --> 00:13:15,720 Speaker 1: the walls in right at the top. So it's, uh, 216 00:13:15,840 --> 00:13:18,760 Speaker 1: it's not just like a weather protector roof. It's it's 217 00:13:18,800 --> 00:13:21,360 Speaker 1: actually like if the roof wasn't there, the walls would 218 00:13:21,360 --> 00:13:23,959 Speaker 1: bow out, and then the interior walls don't even connect 219 00:13:24,080 --> 00:13:27,040 Speaker 1: rigidly to the exterior walls. Yeah, it allows some gives 220 00:13:27,080 --> 00:13:28,920 Speaker 1: so that they can move back and forth. Is the 221 00:13:29,480 --> 00:13:32,319 Speaker 1: wave action basically moves the walls. So, I mean, we 222 00:13:32,440 --> 00:13:35,120 Speaker 1: we're saying Venice is a mess, but it's really an 223 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:39,640 Speaker 1: ingenious city of just engineering the fact that it's still 224 00:13:39,640 --> 00:13:44,120 Speaker 1: there at all. You know. Another construction point that kind 225 00:13:44,160 --> 00:13:46,640 Speaker 1: of stuck out to me was that buildings in Venice 226 00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:51,520 Speaker 1: are built on piles of steaks, like wooden stakes driven 227 00:13:51,520 --> 00:13:54,160 Speaker 1: into the ground to kind of reinforce the mucky ground 228 00:13:54,160 --> 00:13:57,080 Speaker 1: to build on first. It's really a remarkable place when 229 00:13:57,120 --> 00:13:58,600 Speaker 1: you look at all the things they've had to do 230 00:13:58,679 --> 00:14:02,080 Speaker 1: just to make that what shouldn't even be a city. 231 00:14:02,080 --> 00:14:04,520 Speaker 1: I mean, let's let's get real. Well, it's a very neat, 232 00:14:04,520 --> 00:14:06,720 Speaker 1: beautiful city. Have you been, you mean, and I went 233 00:14:06,800 --> 00:14:12,760 Speaker 1: last summer and it is gorgeous. Yeah, very neat. Yeah yeah, 234 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:15,240 Speaker 1: just walking around and all of a sudden you're like, oh, 235 00:14:15,280 --> 00:14:18,040 Speaker 1: I'm next to three thousand year old ruins. It's just 236 00:14:18,080 --> 00:14:20,600 Speaker 1: basically part of the city escape, right, Whereas here in 237 00:14:20,640 --> 00:14:23,200 Speaker 1: Atlanta you're like, oh, there's a Burger king, all right, 238 00:14:23,720 --> 00:14:27,560 Speaker 1: but it's from the sixties exactly, alright, So we we 239 00:14:27,560 --> 00:14:29,640 Speaker 1: had a pretty good cliffhanger that they had an idea. 240 00:14:30,320 --> 00:14:34,280 Speaker 1: So let's we'll go ahead and announce it. Okay, Well, 241 00:14:34,600 --> 00:14:40,360 Speaker 1: the idea is called Mosa or you should do this, chuck, 242 00:14:40,480 --> 00:14:49,400 Speaker 1: the modulo sperimentale electoral bad electro mechanico. So that's the 243 00:14:49,520 --> 00:14:54,080 Speaker 1: experimental electro mechanical module. Which is the reason that that 244 00:14:54,640 --> 00:14:58,280 Speaker 1: has that clumsy name is because the M O S E. 245 00:14:58,520 --> 00:15:02,840 Speaker 1: The acronym is also so the Italian spelling from Mosa 246 00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:06,840 Speaker 1: or Moses and basically what the what Moses was well 247 00:15:06,880 --> 00:15:09,840 Speaker 1: known for. One of his many hits was parting the 248 00:15:09,880 --> 00:15:13,120 Speaker 1: Red Sea. Right, well, they thought that was very clever. 249 00:15:13,240 --> 00:15:15,360 Speaker 1: That's as big as hit they were coming. I don't know. 250 00:15:15,440 --> 00:15:17,520 Speaker 1: He did a lot of stuff. In Commandments that was 251 00:15:17,520 --> 00:15:21,320 Speaker 1: a pretty big hit, Burning Bush. I would say the 252 00:15:21,360 --> 00:15:25,080 Speaker 1: Red Sea was his American Pie or no, yeah, that 253 00:15:25,160 --> 00:15:28,840 Speaker 1: was his Baker Street. The Ten Commandments was his uh, 254 00:15:28,960 --> 00:15:33,400 Speaker 1: right down the line, who did Jerry rafferty Baker Street? 255 00:15:33,440 --> 00:15:36,840 Speaker 1: That was the saxophone one, right yeah, and Right down 256 00:15:36,880 --> 00:15:38,520 Speaker 1: the Land was his other hit. So I've never heard 257 00:15:38,560 --> 00:15:41,200 Speaker 1: that one. You have? You just don't know it, Okay, 258 00:15:41,800 --> 00:15:44,440 Speaker 1: says you was just about to bust it. Out too early. 259 00:15:44,960 --> 00:15:50,000 Speaker 1: So anyway, Mosa moses in Italian. Uh, it's a that's 260 00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:53,880 Speaker 1: a clever use of an acronym because this thing, the 261 00:15:53,960 --> 00:15:57,280 Speaker 1: contraption they came up with, it's pretty ingenious and clever 262 00:15:57,760 --> 00:16:01,120 Speaker 1: to defend against these rising high tides, which are known 263 00:16:01,160 --> 00:16:05,040 Speaker 1: as aqua alta, aqua alta. Yeah, and this is one 264 00:16:05,080 --> 00:16:07,520 Speaker 1: of those things where you say ingenious and clever, but 265 00:16:07,760 --> 00:16:10,600 Speaker 1: I would add in its simplicity. Right, These are my 266 00:16:10,640 --> 00:16:15,440 Speaker 1: favorite kinds of projects. When man looks at something and says, well, 267 00:16:15,440 --> 00:16:19,160 Speaker 1: why don't we just build a big gate? That's pretty 268 00:16:19,240 --> 00:16:21,640 Speaker 1: much what it is. Yeah, yeah, but it is more 269 00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:25,040 Speaker 1: complicated than that. And let's let's talk about the Mosa So. Um. 270 00:16:25,280 --> 00:16:27,960 Speaker 1: Remember we said sea levels are rising in general, but 271 00:16:28,400 --> 00:16:32,160 Speaker 1: high tides are a really big problem in Venice because 272 00:16:32,160 --> 00:16:37,520 Speaker 1: they're getting higher. Um. So the Mosai project, uh is 273 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:40,520 Speaker 1: it consists of a bunch of gates that can be 274 00:16:40,560 --> 00:16:45,360 Speaker 1: brought up and raised on command. They have a magician 275 00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:50,160 Speaker 1: who commands the gates to rise, and um the gates 276 00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:55,200 Speaker 1: come up and basically separate the lagoon from the Adriatic Sea. Yeah. 277 00:16:55,240 --> 00:16:59,800 Speaker 1: So imagine a big, huge steel door that lays flat 278 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:04,439 Speaker 1: the bottom of the ocean, and uh, they fill it 279 00:17:04,480 --> 00:17:06,800 Speaker 1: with air and it's got two hinges on one side, 280 00:17:07,280 --> 00:17:10,040 Speaker 1: so that big steel door just raises up as it 281 00:17:10,080 --> 00:17:13,919 Speaker 1: fills with air, obviously becoming more buoyant, and until it 282 00:17:13,960 --> 00:17:17,320 Speaker 1: looks like about a forty five degree angle, uh, facing 283 00:17:17,320 --> 00:17:22,120 Speaker 1: out into the sea away from the city. And that's it. 284 00:17:22,119 --> 00:17:25,080 Speaker 1: It's just a barrier. It just swings up and I 285 00:17:25,119 --> 00:17:27,520 Speaker 1: think there's about a two foot differential in the water 286 00:17:27,640 --> 00:17:32,160 Speaker 1: levels and uh, it essentially prevents high tide from happening 287 00:17:32,200 --> 00:17:37,600 Speaker 1: within the Venice Lagoon. That's exactly right. And um, these 288 00:17:37,920 --> 00:17:41,200 Speaker 1: these basically walls, floating walls is what they amount to. 289 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:43,800 Speaker 1: Like you said, they have hinges on the bottom. Uh. 290 00:17:43,840 --> 00:17:46,840 Speaker 1: And there's all sorts of pictures of the Mose project, 291 00:17:46,920 --> 00:17:50,040 Speaker 1: the mosa A project, um all over the internet. I 292 00:17:50,080 --> 00:17:55,000 Speaker 1: found it exponentially easier to understand when I saw what 293 00:17:55,080 --> 00:17:57,280 Speaker 1: they were talking about. Yeah, it's like, oh, that's all 294 00:17:57,280 --> 00:18:02,240 Speaker 1: it is. It'll allow us to clumsily try to get 295 00:18:02,280 --> 00:18:06,680 Speaker 1: this across. So you've got the hinges, um hinge, the 296 00:18:07,119 --> 00:18:09,520 Speaker 1: metal wall to the bottom of the sea floor right, well, 297 00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:12,439 Speaker 1: not to the sea floor, well to a concrete trench 298 00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:15,400 Speaker 1: within the sea floor that the thing sits in when 299 00:18:15,440 --> 00:18:17,280 Speaker 1: it's not in use. Yeah, they tried to pound it 300 00:18:17,359 --> 00:18:19,119 Speaker 1: right into the sand and they were like, it's not 301 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:23,680 Speaker 1: a working right, get us some concrete. So they These 302 00:18:23,720 --> 00:18:27,000 Speaker 1: trenches also provide a place for engineers to go underneath 303 00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:29,119 Speaker 1: and basically fix things and fiddle with stuff. And it 304 00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:33,159 Speaker 1: also provides the delivery system for the compressed air that 305 00:18:33,280 --> 00:18:38,840 Speaker 1: the hollow metal walls gates. Basically um fill up with 306 00:18:38,920 --> 00:18:41,320 Speaker 1: air so that they start to stand upright, Yeah, And 307 00:18:41,320 --> 00:18:43,720 Speaker 1: how long does that take? Like twenty minutes or thirty minutes, 308 00:18:44,119 --> 00:18:46,879 Speaker 1: and then uh, it takes about the same time for 309 00:18:47,080 --> 00:18:49,400 Speaker 1: to fill them with seawater again to return them back 310 00:18:49,440 --> 00:18:52,159 Speaker 1: to their laying position on the floor. It was a 311 00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:55,320 Speaker 1: little quicker going down, but which makes sense. Yes, but 312 00:18:55,440 --> 00:18:58,240 Speaker 1: that's pretty much it. When the high tides coming, they 313 00:18:58,280 --> 00:19:00,719 Speaker 1: fill them with air so that the eight stand up 314 00:19:00,760 --> 00:19:03,960 Speaker 1: above water. And then on the lagoon side, the sea 315 00:19:04,040 --> 00:19:06,840 Speaker 1: level stays low. On the sea side, it can get 316 00:19:06,840 --> 00:19:09,639 Speaker 1: as high as it likes. And because they're hinged and 317 00:19:09,680 --> 00:19:12,600 Speaker 1: filled with air, they're not rigid, which means that they 318 00:19:12,600 --> 00:19:15,280 Speaker 1: can take a pounding and they can sway back and 319 00:19:15,320 --> 00:19:18,440 Speaker 1: forth a little bit and still not give. So it 320 00:19:18,840 --> 00:19:22,000 Speaker 1: is like you said, it's it's ingenious and its simplicity, 321 00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:24,280 Speaker 1: it is and it's uh. It officially launched in two 322 00:19:24,280 --> 00:19:27,000 Speaker 1: thousand three, and that was and this was after years 323 00:19:27,040 --> 00:19:33,400 Speaker 1: and years of um I guess ideas and bids and plans, 324 00:19:34,040 --> 00:19:37,199 Speaker 1: and the Mosai project is what finally went out. They 325 00:19:37,200 --> 00:19:40,120 Speaker 1: said it was gonna be two to three billion dollars 326 00:19:40,160 --> 00:19:44,560 Speaker 1: and would be done in uh. It's still not done. 327 00:19:44,560 --> 00:19:47,480 Speaker 1: They're looking at six now. Um. They did the first 328 00:19:47,520 --> 00:19:51,840 Speaker 1: successful test late last year, and like with every big project, 329 00:19:51,880 --> 00:19:53,919 Speaker 1: city project like that, it's going to be over budget 330 00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:57,120 Speaker 1: and over uh schedule. Yes, but there's a lot of 331 00:19:57,280 --> 00:20:03,920 Speaker 1: accusations of corruption. Really yeah, Southern Italy, a big public project, corrupt. 332 00:20:04,040 --> 00:20:07,679 Speaker 1: The The group that suggested the thing in the first 333 00:20:07,720 --> 00:20:10,840 Speaker 1: place is called the you want to take it? Someone's 334 00:20:10,840 --> 00:20:14,800 Speaker 1: gonna be offended by me, by the way. Maybe I'll 335 00:20:14,800 --> 00:20:21,040 Speaker 1: bet they're not Italian, the Consortio no Eva, So that's 336 00:20:21,080 --> 00:20:24,520 Speaker 1: basically the new Venice Consortium. It's a group of companies 337 00:20:24,560 --> 00:20:27,639 Speaker 1: and construction companies that said, hey, we've got an idea 338 00:20:27,720 --> 00:20:30,879 Speaker 1: for this problem. Let's try this, yeah, and we'll build 339 00:20:30,920 --> 00:20:33,280 Speaker 1: it for you. We had all the companies under our 340 00:20:33,320 --> 00:20:37,080 Speaker 1: banner that can provide everything you need. And they said, 341 00:20:37,119 --> 00:20:40,119 Speaker 1: we'll build it for you for two to three billion dollars. 342 00:20:40,520 --> 00:20:44,400 Speaker 1: And everybody went, what which sounds like a lot, including 343 00:20:44,440 --> 00:20:46,560 Speaker 1: to people in Venice. Is that American dollars or is 344 00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:50,200 Speaker 1: that euros? That's American dollars as far as I'm seeing 345 00:20:50,240 --> 00:20:54,960 Speaker 1: right here. Um, but if you go to Venice, like uh, 346 00:20:55,240 --> 00:21:00,440 Speaker 1: martinis like fifteen dollars, it's like twenty or only five 347 00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:03,160 Speaker 1: bucks for like a little tiny martini at Harry's Bar. 348 00:21:04,040 --> 00:21:06,880 Speaker 1: I know, so it sounds like a lot. But all 349 00:21:06,920 --> 00:21:08,879 Speaker 1: you have to do is go open the cash register 350 00:21:08,960 --> 00:21:11,000 Speaker 1: at Harry's Bar in a Tuesday afternoon and you can 351 00:21:11,040 --> 00:21:13,400 Speaker 1: get two to three billion dollars to pay for this project. 352 00:21:13,520 --> 00:21:16,760 Speaker 1: You know, all right, someone's a little salty about their business. 353 00:21:16,800 --> 00:21:20,600 Speaker 1: It was really expensive. Yeah, it was neat, but it's 354 00:21:20,600 --> 00:21:49,600 Speaker 1: also like really expensive. Europe's not cheap. No, So there 355 00:21:49,680 --> 00:21:52,920 Speaker 1: was a lot of a lot of accusations of corruption, 356 00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:58,639 Speaker 1: of kickbacks, the other thing being artificially expensive. Apparently there 357 00:21:58,720 --> 00:22:01,640 Speaker 1: was a study that found like this thing is they've 358 00:22:01,720 --> 00:22:06,080 Speaker 1: padded this tremendously. But by the time this came out, um, 359 00:22:06,320 --> 00:22:09,880 Speaker 1: public opinion apparently wasn't enough to stop at construction had started. 360 00:22:10,080 --> 00:22:12,919 Speaker 1: They did their first test in two twelve. Apparently it 361 00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:17,119 Speaker 1: was successful, and the Mosai project continues, and I believe 362 00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:20,760 Speaker 1: they're they're tracking for two thousand sixteen to have all 363 00:22:20,800 --> 00:22:26,400 Speaker 1: of the gates across all three of the inlets operational. Yeah, 364 00:22:26,440 --> 00:22:29,840 Speaker 1: and you said multiple gates, so each of these uh inlets. 365 00:22:29,880 --> 00:22:34,679 Speaker 1: You have the Leado, uh, the Malamoco, and then I 366 00:22:34,760 --> 00:22:38,200 Speaker 1: pronounce this Cheogia, but I heard it much much differently 367 00:22:38,280 --> 00:22:40,840 Speaker 1: on the video, so I know that's not right. But 368 00:22:40,880 --> 00:22:43,399 Speaker 1: those are the three inlets, and um, well that was 369 00:22:43,400 --> 00:22:45,480 Speaker 1: a British student. They just pronounced things however they want. 370 00:22:46,320 --> 00:22:51,280 Speaker 1: And then we assume because their European they know you're right. Uh. 371 00:22:51,359 --> 00:22:53,280 Speaker 1: So it's not like one big gate for each of 372 00:22:53,320 --> 00:22:55,679 Speaker 1: these things because that it's on a curve and you 373 00:22:55,720 --> 00:23:00,520 Speaker 1: can't just have one huge gate. So the um, the Alamoco, 374 00:23:00,680 --> 00:23:06,040 Speaker 1: and the Geogia have. The Malamoco has nineteen gates, Theoga 375 00:23:06,119 --> 00:23:07,840 Speaker 1: has eighteen, and they're all in one row. And then 376 00:23:07,880 --> 00:23:11,320 Speaker 1: the big daddy, the Leado has two rows, one with 377 00:23:11,359 --> 00:23:14,359 Speaker 1: twenty gates and gates. Yeah, and they're not all the 378 00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:16,639 Speaker 1: same same they're the same width, but they're not all 379 00:23:16,640 --> 00:23:20,640 Speaker 1: the same height, right, and I mean they don't need 380 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:23,600 Speaker 1: to be summer taller than others. They're all about sixteen 381 00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:28,600 Speaker 1: ft thick. So these are huge, huge walled gates. So yeah, 382 00:23:28,640 --> 00:23:30,240 Speaker 1: I think we should. I don't know if we've gotten 383 00:23:30,240 --> 00:23:32,639 Speaker 1: across how big they are. You said there's sixteen ft 384 00:23:32,760 --> 00:23:38,440 Speaker 1: or about five meters thick. Um, they're the the deepest 385 00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:42,320 Speaker 1: amount of water is a hundred feet, which is like 386 00:23:42,359 --> 00:23:45,439 Speaker 1: thirty meters. Uh, so these things are taller than that 387 00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:49,720 Speaker 1: or if need be. Yeah, uh and then they're uh, 388 00:23:50,119 --> 00:23:54,240 Speaker 1: what about three fifty tons. I think that's just for 389 00:23:54,600 --> 00:23:58,439 Speaker 1: like one of the gates. Yes, like one single panel 390 00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:02,760 Speaker 1: could weighs as much as a seven thirty seven seven 391 00:24:02,840 --> 00:24:06,600 Speaker 1: forty seven. And they they are using something that Rolls 392 00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:10,119 Speaker 1: Royce makes that is basically an elevator for ships to 393 00:24:10,359 --> 00:24:14,359 Speaker 1: convey each of the gates out to the sea floor. Yeah, 394 00:24:14,400 --> 00:24:17,080 Speaker 1: and it takes three days to move a gate. Yeah. 395 00:24:17,200 --> 00:24:20,560 Speaker 1: So they're really really big gates, but they are going 396 00:24:20,640 --> 00:24:23,119 Speaker 1: to be very nimble when filled with compressed air and 397 00:24:23,320 --> 00:24:26,560 Speaker 1: smacked around by waves. Plus they're in water. Yeah, so 398 00:24:26,600 --> 00:24:29,480 Speaker 1: that helps with the weight that reminds me that this 399 00:24:29,480 --> 00:24:32,960 Speaker 1: project faces a lot of problems that that the project faces. 400 00:24:33,280 --> 00:24:36,639 Speaker 1: So there's there's some people have said, maybe this is 401 00:24:36,680 --> 00:24:39,359 Speaker 1: a good idea in theory, but practically this may or 402 00:24:39,400 --> 00:24:42,080 Speaker 1: may not work. What if sea levels rise faster than 403 00:24:42,119 --> 00:24:44,879 Speaker 1: we think, then these things are going to basically be 404 00:24:45,119 --> 00:24:49,639 Speaker 1: very expensive, totally obsolete gates, like the water would just 405 00:24:49,720 --> 00:24:52,240 Speaker 1: go right over the top of the exactly. That's a 406 00:24:52,359 --> 00:24:55,280 Speaker 1: nightmare scenario. Yeah that when I when I saw what 407 00:24:55,359 --> 00:24:57,640 Speaker 1: I saw, it didn't look like to me they came 408 00:24:57,640 --> 00:24:59,120 Speaker 1: out of the water enough. I was like, I would 409 00:24:59,119 --> 00:25:02,119 Speaker 1: add another five Yeah, just to be safe, Just to 410 00:25:02,200 --> 00:25:06,560 Speaker 1: be safe, you know. Um, So that's one possible problem. 411 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:09,360 Speaker 1: Another one that apparently they haven't addressed is the build 412 00:25:09,440 --> 00:25:11,080 Speaker 1: up of sediment. Remember we said that you have to 413 00:25:11,119 --> 00:25:14,959 Speaker 1: clean out the canals pretty frequently because sediment builds up 414 00:25:15,320 --> 00:25:18,800 Speaker 1: backs up septic systems, that crumbles brick walls. Well, it 415 00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:22,480 Speaker 1: will also fill in these trenches which apparently need to 416 00:25:22,520 --> 00:25:27,000 Speaker 1: be totally flat, and as sediment builds up, then these 417 00:25:27,000 --> 00:25:29,560 Speaker 1: things aren't going to lay flat again and you may 418 00:25:29,600 --> 00:25:32,800 Speaker 1: have some problems. Apparently that's something that hasn't been addressed 419 00:25:32,840 --> 00:25:37,359 Speaker 1: by the Mosai project how to deal with sediment build up. Well, 420 00:25:37,400 --> 00:25:39,359 Speaker 1: I know they've got about a hundred and fifty people 421 00:25:39,359 --> 00:25:44,720 Speaker 1: that will just be full time caretaking staff. Uh. And 422 00:25:44,760 --> 00:25:46,760 Speaker 1: I guess part of their job will be to clean 423 00:25:46,800 --> 00:25:49,320 Speaker 1: that stuff up. Huh. I would guess. Uh. And some 424 00:25:49,359 --> 00:25:53,159 Speaker 1: of the other problems, Um, anytime you're undertaking a project 425 00:25:53,240 --> 00:25:59,000 Speaker 1: like this has to interact with the elements and mother nature, 426 00:25:59,119 --> 00:26:03,119 Speaker 1: they're going to be in iron mental concerns and uh. 427 00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:07,520 Speaker 1: They range the spectrum here from we don't really know 428 00:26:07,640 --> 00:26:10,640 Speaker 1: how this is going to affect things, uh and disrupt 429 00:26:10,680 --> 00:26:14,480 Speaker 1: the ecosystem too. Well, wait a minute, we need this 430 00:26:15,119 --> 00:26:18,240 Speaker 1: constant flow in and out of water twice a day 431 00:26:18,320 --> 00:26:23,120 Speaker 1: too flush our giant toilet that we're living in, right Uh. 432 00:26:23,160 --> 00:26:27,240 Speaker 1: And proponents will say it's gonna be better actually because 433 00:26:28,119 --> 00:26:32,440 Speaker 1: and it sort of makes sense if there's um, if 434 00:26:32,480 --> 00:26:35,520 Speaker 1: you have three holes going into something and you plug 435 00:26:35,600 --> 00:26:37,840 Speaker 1: up two of them, you're gonna have a stronger flow 436 00:26:37,880 --> 00:26:40,240 Speaker 1: in the one hole, right exactly. So they're saying we 437 00:26:40,280 --> 00:26:43,480 Speaker 1: can actually use this to manipulate this flow of water 438 00:26:43,760 --> 00:26:47,640 Speaker 1: artificially and make a better toilet flusher exactly. Yeah. Yeah, 439 00:26:47,680 --> 00:26:50,000 Speaker 1: but I think that hopefully the ones who are like, well, 440 00:26:50,040 --> 00:26:53,040 Speaker 1: but why don't we just use this as they an 441 00:26:53,080 --> 00:26:56,480 Speaker 1: opportunity to update our septic system as a whole or 442 00:26:56,680 --> 00:26:59,680 Speaker 1: sewer system as a whole. Hopefully those guys will win out, 443 00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:02,919 Speaker 1: but pollution, increased pollution levels are definitely an issue that 444 00:27:03,119 --> 00:27:07,040 Speaker 1: environmentalists are looking at. And uh, I just get the picture. 445 00:27:07,040 --> 00:27:10,840 Speaker 1: In southern Italy. It's a tough Uh, it's tough game, 446 00:27:11,119 --> 00:27:13,200 Speaker 1: you know. It seems to be a lot of fighting, 447 00:27:13,240 --> 00:27:16,240 Speaker 1: Like this is a very controversial project but still remains 448 00:27:16,280 --> 00:27:19,399 Speaker 1: so Yeah, and it seems to be marching on. They 449 00:27:19,440 --> 00:27:22,679 Speaker 1: they One of the other criticisms was that they they 450 00:27:22,720 --> 00:27:29,160 Speaker 1: basically just ignored easier, less expensive options, right, that have 451 00:27:29,320 --> 00:27:33,600 Speaker 1: proven effective elsewhere in the Netherlands. Yeah, are like building 452 00:27:33,640 --> 00:27:37,800 Speaker 1: barrier islands. Yeah, underwater dikes. But although apparently they have 453 00:27:37,880 --> 00:27:40,720 Speaker 1: a lot of this stuff already and it's not necessarily helping. 454 00:27:40,760 --> 00:27:46,760 Speaker 1: It's mainly just reinforcing the natural um barriers that already exist. 455 00:27:48,400 --> 00:27:50,199 Speaker 1: I guess they're like, why don't we just put up 456 00:27:50,280 --> 00:27:53,960 Speaker 1: more of that? Yeah, I think it's interesting. Just uh, 457 00:27:54,119 --> 00:27:55,760 Speaker 1: it's gonna be interesting to see how this plays out. 458 00:27:55,880 --> 00:27:58,560 Speaker 1: I really hope it works because they've sunk a lot 459 00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:00,280 Speaker 1: of money into this and there. I mean, they they 460 00:28:00,320 --> 00:28:04,600 Speaker 1: moved all in on this mosa system, like they can't 461 00:28:04,640 --> 00:28:06,800 Speaker 1: scrap it and say, well, it didn't work, Let's think 462 00:28:06,800 --> 00:28:10,280 Speaker 1: of something new. Yeah, And I wonder how how much 463 00:28:10,280 --> 00:28:12,879 Speaker 1: it would be to just like that. You can't just 464 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:16,320 Speaker 1: add a new gate, a new taller gate if the 465 00:28:16,359 --> 00:28:20,359 Speaker 1: sea levels do rise faster and they these these the 466 00:28:20,400 --> 00:28:22,840 Speaker 1: ones they have proved too short because it has to 467 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:25,720 Speaker 1: sit flush in the trench. So you'd have to create 468 00:28:25,760 --> 00:28:29,280 Speaker 1: a whole another trench to accommodate this larger gate would 469 00:28:29,320 --> 00:28:32,000 Speaker 1: be a real problem. That's the worst case scenario to 470 00:28:32,080 --> 00:28:34,879 Speaker 1: me is if it's uh, yeah, if they're too short 471 00:28:35,560 --> 00:28:37,800 Speaker 1: the water laps. I mean, surely they thought of that. 472 00:28:38,000 --> 00:28:39,400 Speaker 1: It didn't look right to me. But they know what 473 00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:44,280 Speaker 1: they're doing, right, I hope, so pretty neat and hopefully 474 00:28:44,360 --> 00:28:46,120 Speaker 1: you know they had all this in that that great video, 475 00:28:46,160 --> 00:28:48,720 Speaker 1: a lot of footage where it looked like it looked 476 00:28:48,760 --> 00:28:51,200 Speaker 1: like some parts of Venice on a daily basis with 477 00:28:51,280 --> 00:28:54,760 Speaker 1: high tide is slightly underwater. Yeah. They just show people 478 00:28:54,800 --> 00:28:57,680 Speaker 1: walking to work through water and delivering stuff to places 479 00:28:57,720 --> 00:29:01,400 Speaker 1: through water, and and everyone looks very sick. Of it. Yeah, 480 00:29:01,720 --> 00:29:06,680 Speaker 1: go check out um on vimeo Venice Backstage. Uh, that 481 00:29:06,920 --> 00:29:10,320 Speaker 1: is definitely worth watching. Venice back Stage Period. How does 482 00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:12,240 Speaker 1: Venice work? I think they meant to put a coal 483 00:29:12,320 --> 00:29:15,080 Speaker 1: in there. The period bugs me a period in a title. 484 00:29:15,800 --> 00:29:18,760 Speaker 1: They're from England, Josh, I know these are the Venetians 485 00:29:18,840 --> 00:29:21,640 Speaker 1: that made this. They're from Venice, Josh, Um, they know 486 00:29:21,680 --> 00:29:24,040 Speaker 1: what they're doing. Yeah, and check out stuff on the 487 00:29:24,080 --> 00:29:28,000 Speaker 1: MOSE project Mose Mose. I just want to say, moves 488 00:29:28,120 --> 00:29:34,200 Speaker 1: from Paper Moon your favorite movie, right boom uh. And 489 00:29:34,240 --> 00:29:36,160 Speaker 1: if you want to learn even more about the mosa 490 00:29:36,160 --> 00:29:38,480 Speaker 1: A project, you can type in m O s E 491 00:29:38,760 --> 00:29:41,200 Speaker 1: Project in the search bar how stuff works dot Com 492 00:29:41,200 --> 00:29:43,520 Speaker 1: and that will bring up this article. Yeah. And hey, 493 00:29:43,600 --> 00:29:46,440 Speaker 1: checkout Venice is Sinking from Athens, Georgia. Yeah, that's nice. 494 00:29:46,760 --> 00:29:48,920 Speaker 1: My one buddy is no longer in the band, but 495 00:29:50,560 --> 00:29:53,560 Speaker 1: you're still friendly with the other guys. They haven't been 496 00:29:53,560 --> 00:29:57,280 Speaker 1: in touch actually, but they said, they said record and 497 00:29:57,800 --> 00:30:00,040 Speaker 1: you're good folk. Well, and if you ever get a 498 00:30:00,120 --> 00:30:02,840 Speaker 1: chance to go to Venice, I recommend you do it 499 00:30:03,000 --> 00:30:05,080 Speaker 1: because it is a neat town. But don't go to 500 00:30:05,120 --> 00:30:07,400 Speaker 1: Harry's Bar. You have to go to Harry's Bar. Is 501 00:30:07,440 --> 00:30:10,680 Speaker 1: that the legendary place, that's where the Bellini was created? 502 00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:14,680 Speaker 1: Why didn't you have a Billini? She had a Billiini. 503 00:30:14,720 --> 00:30:17,840 Speaker 1: I had a Martini? What is all a bellinis? A 504 00:30:17,880 --> 00:30:22,680 Speaker 1: peach juice, peach pure in champagne. Very good. But again 505 00:30:22,720 --> 00:30:25,720 Speaker 1: it's like basically a shot for I think it was 506 00:30:25,760 --> 00:30:29,760 Speaker 1: like twenty five dollars or maybe even more. Yeah, but 507 00:30:29,880 --> 00:30:31,640 Speaker 1: you have to you have to go. You walk past 508 00:30:31,640 --> 00:30:34,200 Speaker 1: the seat that Hemingway used to drink at, right, you 509 00:30:34,240 --> 00:30:36,360 Speaker 1: know it's a neat place. Yeah, there's a lot of 510 00:30:36,400 --> 00:30:39,000 Speaker 1: those seats around the world, though, you know, find a 511 00:30:39,040 --> 00:30:42,440 Speaker 1: cheaper one. I think we already went through the whole 512 00:30:42,520 --> 00:30:45,200 Speaker 1: rigamar role that leads us up to listener mail. So 513 00:30:45,360 --> 00:30:49,800 Speaker 1: now it's time for listener mail. I'm gonna call this 514 00:30:50,480 --> 00:30:58,960 Speaker 1: murderer in our myths midst murder in the midst. You're 515 00:30:59,000 --> 00:31:01,560 Speaker 1: thinking of guerrillas an them. Miss Hey, guys have a 516 00:31:01,600 --> 00:31:04,000 Speaker 1: boring job. So I binge listened, uh several days a 517 00:31:04,040 --> 00:31:06,160 Speaker 1: week to your show. I was listening to the Insanity 518 00:31:06,560 --> 00:31:09,440 Speaker 1: Defense episode and I heard a very familiar name. I 519 00:31:09,480 --> 00:31:12,720 Speaker 1: happened to have met John Delling during his killing spree. 520 00:31:13,720 --> 00:31:15,480 Speaker 1: I used to manage a coffee shop, and a guy 521 00:31:15,640 --> 00:31:18,720 Speaker 1: was oddly peering in the window with his hand pressed 522 00:31:18,720 --> 00:31:22,040 Speaker 1: against the glass, though the store was clearly open. Uh. 523 00:31:22,120 --> 00:31:23,880 Speaker 1: He paced around the building for a while. I thought 524 00:31:23,880 --> 00:31:26,280 Speaker 1: it was pretty weird, so I sent the girl working 525 00:31:26,280 --> 00:31:30,200 Speaker 1: with me pretty brave if you Josh. His name is Josh, 526 00:31:30,240 --> 00:31:33,720 Speaker 1: by the way. Okay, what do I sent the girl 527 00:31:33,760 --> 00:31:36,920 Speaker 1: working with me in the back? Oh? No, okay, I 528 00:31:36,960 --> 00:31:38,920 Speaker 1: take it all back. He was trying to protect her, 529 00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:41,640 Speaker 1: and that was me. I sent her in the back 530 00:31:41,680 --> 00:31:43,240 Speaker 1: and told her to hang out there until he left. 531 00:31:43,680 --> 00:31:45,400 Speaker 1: He came in, looked the menu over and asked where 532 00:31:45,400 --> 00:31:47,640 Speaker 1: ice cream was any good. I gave him a free sample. 533 00:31:48,760 --> 00:31:52,080 Speaker 1: Here you go, We don't want any trouble. He liked it. 534 00:31:52,480 --> 00:31:53,840 Speaker 1: He liked it and said he had to go to 535 00:31:53,880 --> 00:31:55,720 Speaker 1: his car to get some money. He literally said, I'll 536 00:31:55,760 --> 00:31:57,600 Speaker 1: be right back. Then he went out to his car 537 00:31:57,680 --> 00:31:59,560 Speaker 1: for a while and drove away. A couple of days later, 538 00:32:00,160 --> 00:32:02,720 Speaker 1: the girl I was working with that night called crying 539 00:32:03,240 --> 00:32:05,800 Speaker 1: and told me to find a newspaper. Well, no wonder 540 00:32:05,800 --> 00:32:09,640 Speaker 1: resenting back. She's clearly fragile. She's crying that like the 541 00:32:09,640 --> 00:32:12,360 Speaker 1: guy was at the front door. You see that Sunday 542 00:32:12,520 --> 00:32:16,080 Speaker 1: New York Times is six dollars now. On the front 543 00:32:16,120 --> 00:32:18,120 Speaker 1: page was a large mug shot of our guy from 544 00:32:18,160 --> 00:32:20,120 Speaker 1: a couple of nights previous. Turns out he had actually 545 00:32:20,200 --> 00:32:23,880 Speaker 1: left the store and murdered someone and um because the 546 00:32:23,920 --> 00:32:26,200 Speaker 1: ice cream drove him No, I guess so, and he 547 00:32:26,280 --> 00:32:29,960 Speaker 1: stole something, stole their car that same evening. Anyway, just 548 00:32:29,960 --> 00:32:32,560 Speaker 1: thought it was an interesting connection. The guy was definitely 549 00:32:32,600 --> 00:32:34,600 Speaker 1: in need of some help, and as you mentioned, had 550 00:32:34,640 --> 00:32:36,479 Speaker 1: no shot at getting it in the legal system here 551 00:32:36,480 --> 00:32:41,520 Speaker 1: in Idaho. It is clearly a tricky ethical area. Thanks everybody. 552 00:32:41,560 --> 00:32:44,000 Speaker 1: And then it's from Josh knowl that's from way back 553 00:32:44,080 --> 00:32:46,360 Speaker 1: kind of the insanity defense. Yeah, that was a good 554 00:32:46,360 --> 00:32:48,960 Speaker 1: one though it turned out we learned a lot. So 555 00:32:49,080 --> 00:32:52,360 Speaker 1: he fed a guy ice cream anyone out and killed someone. Man, 556 00:32:52,440 --> 00:32:55,880 Speaker 1: This really scary stuff. And his coworker, who was around 557 00:32:55,920 --> 00:32:58,360 Speaker 1: for none of it, cried when she read the paper. Yeah, 558 00:32:58,520 --> 00:33:01,040 Speaker 1: apparently she never got any work done because anytime a 559 00:33:01,080 --> 00:33:05,840 Speaker 1: customer came in she gets sent to the back. You know, yeah, 560 00:33:06,240 --> 00:33:09,120 Speaker 1: uh crazy. What was the dude's name, Josh and Hole? 561 00:33:09,200 --> 00:33:11,800 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, Josh. Thanks Josh. It's always good to hear 562 00:33:11,800 --> 00:33:14,560 Speaker 1: from another Josh, because we are the greatest names on 563 00:33:14,600 --> 00:33:18,320 Speaker 1: the planet. Josh. That's such a great name. It is, 564 00:33:18,640 --> 00:33:21,720 Speaker 1: especially if you say it in other ways like yosh 565 00:33:21,840 --> 00:33:25,240 Speaker 1: or hush. There's all sorts of ways you can say Josh, 566 00:33:25,240 --> 00:33:27,160 Speaker 1: but really the only right way to say it is Josh. 567 00:33:27,240 --> 00:33:30,560 Speaker 1: And it's a verb. Yeah, you can josh and it's 568 00:33:30,560 --> 00:33:33,760 Speaker 1: a it's a friendly verb too, because you're making fun 569 00:33:33,800 --> 00:33:36,680 Speaker 1: of somebody, but in a non hostile way. Yeah, chuck 570 00:33:36,760 --> 00:33:39,360 Speaker 1: is a verb too, how about that? Yeah, look at us, right, 571 00:33:39,800 --> 00:33:42,640 Speaker 1: Josh and chucking. Yeah, that's good stuff. Chuck. I can't 572 00:33:42,640 --> 00:33:44,560 Speaker 1: believe it's taking us this many years to come up 573 00:33:44,560 --> 00:33:47,560 Speaker 1: with that. Uh. If you want to tell us to 574 00:33:47,600 --> 00:33:49,680 Speaker 1: shut up, you can tweet to us at s y 575 00:33:49,800 --> 00:33:53,360 Speaker 1: s K podcast. You can join us on Facebook dot 576 00:33:53,360 --> 00:33:55,600 Speaker 1: com slash stuff you should know, drop us a line 577 00:33:55,680 --> 00:33:58,840 Speaker 1: via email at Stuff podcast at how stuff works dot com. 578 00:33:58,960 --> 00:34:03,000 Speaker 1: And wait, wait, don't crust stop yet. Go check out 579 00:34:03,080 --> 00:34:06,000 Speaker 1: our awesome website. It will be your new favorite home 580 00:34:06,040 --> 00:34:09,800 Speaker 1: on the web. Just bookmark it and do yourself a favor. 581 00:34:09,880 --> 00:34:12,560 Speaker 1: Make it your homepage. 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