1 00:00:00,360 --> 00:00:05,040 Speaker 1: Welcome to tonight's classic episode Lick anybody else. The three 2 00:00:05,080 --> 00:00:08,559 Speaker 1: of us constantly wonder how can we build a secret 3 00:00:08,560 --> 00:00:09,960 Speaker 1: moon base? Oh? 4 00:00:10,039 --> 00:00:13,600 Speaker 2: Yes, keeps me up nights. Well, yeah, and why not 5 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:15,760 Speaker 2: build a secret moon base? 6 00:00:15,840 --> 00:00:15,960 Speaker 1: Right? 7 00:00:16,720 --> 00:00:18,479 Speaker 2: I mean if we can get there? 8 00:00:18,920 --> 00:00:21,439 Speaker 3: Well, and if we were to build a secret moon base, 9 00:00:21,560 --> 00:00:23,520 Speaker 3: what protections could it be put in place? So a 10 00:00:23,600 --> 00:00:26,120 Speaker 3: portal to Hell doesn't open up? And it ended up 11 00:00:26,200 --> 00:00:30,320 Speaker 3: like the event Horizon, not to be confused with Project Horizon. 12 00:00:31,360 --> 00:00:34,159 Speaker 1: Which is the subject of our classic episode. 13 00:00:34,440 --> 00:00:37,240 Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, look, if you're the Department of Navy, 14 00:00:37,320 --> 00:00:41,520 Speaker 2: the Department of the Army, it's late nineteen fifty nine, 15 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:45,760 Speaker 2: You're like, man, how are we gonna put a base 16 00:00:45,840 --> 00:00:48,560 Speaker 2: up there? If we actually do this, they gotta. 17 00:00:48,280 --> 00:00:51,040 Speaker 3: Get that moon on lock. You gotta lock that down. 18 00:00:51,440 --> 00:00:55,959 Speaker 1: If only there were some sort of space force, dare 19 00:00:56,040 --> 00:00:56,440 Speaker 1: I see? 20 00:00:56,760 --> 00:00:57,640 Speaker 3: You know it's interesting. 21 00:00:57,800 --> 00:01:01,280 Speaker 1: We originally recorded this in I want to say, July 22 00:01:01,640 --> 00:01:06,839 Speaker 1: twenty nineteen, and not to brush our shoulders too hard, 23 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:12,040 Speaker 1: but on December of twenty nineteen, the US created Space. 24 00:01:11,800 --> 00:01:15,240 Speaker 3: Force Space Force. Let's dive right in. 25 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:20,680 Speaker 4: From UFOs to psychic powers and government conspiracies. History is 26 00:01:20,800 --> 00:01:25,080 Speaker 4: riddled with unexplained events. You can turn back now or 27 00:01:25,160 --> 00:01:26,880 Speaker 4: learn this stuff they don't want. 28 00:01:26,680 --> 00:01:27,160 Speaker 2: You to know. 29 00:01:28,080 --> 00:01:33,000 Speaker 4: A production of iHeart Radios How Stuff Works. 30 00:01:40,280 --> 00:01:43,400 Speaker 2: Hello, Welcome back to the show. I'm sitting entirely too 31 00:01:43,520 --> 00:01:45,200 Speaker 2: low right now. My name is Matt. 32 00:01:45,240 --> 00:01:46,920 Speaker 3: Pump up that chair, Matt. My name is Noah. 33 00:01:47,120 --> 00:01:49,400 Speaker 1: They call me Ben. We are joined, as always with 34 00:01:49,520 --> 00:01:53,320 Speaker 1: our super producer, Paul Mission Controlled Decan, who just returned 35 00:01:53,320 --> 00:01:58,160 Speaker 1: from mysterious adventures. Thanks for coming back, Paul. Most importantly, 36 00:01:58,360 --> 00:02:00,800 Speaker 1: you are you. You are here, and that makes this 37 00:02:00,920 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 1: stuff they don't want you to know. So how's everybody 38 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:07,400 Speaker 1: doing today? Before we get into this, I spoke with 39 00:02:07,440 --> 00:02:09,480 Speaker 1: Michigan Control a little bit before we went back on 40 00:02:09,520 --> 00:02:11,280 Speaker 1: the air. I asked him if he was okay. He 41 00:02:11,360 --> 00:02:15,320 Speaker 1: gave me a thumbs up. Paul, we still on thumbs upstatus. 42 00:02:16,160 --> 00:02:16,480 Speaker 3: Okay. 43 00:02:16,960 --> 00:02:20,480 Speaker 1: Just for the record, we re recorded this intro. So 44 00:02:20,520 --> 00:02:23,000 Speaker 1: I don't know how many times we can ask Paul 45 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:23,880 Speaker 1: to give me a thumbs up. 46 00:02:23,919 --> 00:02:25,960 Speaker 2: I mean, it's tired of it. How many times has 47 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:30,680 Speaker 2: this happened? Right, I mean infinite number of times, right, 48 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:33,720 Speaker 2: all the generations. Well, I was just going to tell you, guys, 49 00:02:33,840 --> 00:02:35,639 Speaker 2: I for the first time put some glow in the 50 00:02:35,720 --> 00:02:39,240 Speaker 2: dark planets up above the ceiling where my son sleeps, 51 00:02:39,480 --> 00:02:42,280 Speaker 2: and I did that yesterday. And the one thing that's 52 00:02:42,320 --> 00:02:46,280 Speaker 2: missing from that, it's got all the planets. Pluto's not included, remember, 53 00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:48,840 Speaker 2: but it does not have the moon. 54 00:02:49,760 --> 00:02:52,680 Speaker 1: It doesn't have the moon. There's a really cool moon 55 00:02:52,880 --> 00:02:55,200 Speaker 1: globe you can get, and there's also a glow in 56 00:02:55,240 --> 00:02:59,000 Speaker 1: the dark three dimensional moon sphere we could get for him. 57 00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:01,720 Speaker 2: That one is really awesome, and I'm looking to get 58 00:03:01,760 --> 00:03:02,280 Speaker 2: that one. 59 00:03:02,200 --> 00:03:04,920 Speaker 1: Day a day that doesn't break the bank. 60 00:03:05,040 --> 00:03:07,919 Speaker 2: Yeah, because these things were real, real cheap. 61 00:03:08,960 --> 00:03:11,120 Speaker 3: I want to get one of those cool starry night 62 00:03:11,240 --> 00:03:13,760 Speaker 3: projector things that you just put like on the floor 63 00:03:13,919 --> 00:03:17,040 Speaker 3: and it just projects this cool galaxy onto the ceiling 64 00:03:17,080 --> 00:03:21,040 Speaker 3: all around your room. And I'm thirty five, so I'm 65 00:03:21,040 --> 00:03:21,880 Speaker 3: into stuff like that. 66 00:03:22,520 --> 00:03:23,600 Speaker 2: That actually sounds amazing. 67 00:03:23,680 --> 00:03:26,240 Speaker 1: Yeah, I love night projections. I have some stuff like 68 00:03:26,280 --> 00:03:29,960 Speaker 1: that at the place where I currently live. 69 00:03:30,240 --> 00:03:32,919 Speaker 2: Oh, they're using my other residents. 70 00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:36,840 Speaker 1: Yes, a place where I live, which is a real place. 71 00:03:38,640 --> 00:03:40,960 Speaker 1: How are things going where you live? What do you 72 00:03:41,080 --> 00:03:44,960 Speaker 1: think about space exploration today? We're exploring a strange story 73 00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:47,400 Speaker 1: about the moon, and we'd like to hear from you. So, 74 00:03:47,840 --> 00:03:51,160 Speaker 1: if the spirit so moves you while you listen to today's show, 75 00:03:51,240 --> 00:03:53,520 Speaker 1: feel free to pause it. We'll be here when you 76 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:56,560 Speaker 1: get back and give us a call with your thoughts directly, 77 00:03:56,640 --> 00:04:00,520 Speaker 1: your visceral hot takes. You're off the cuff, stuff that 78 00:04:00,560 --> 00:04:05,160 Speaker 1: you wouldn't say to anyone other than us, and your 79 00:04:05,320 --> 00:04:06,560 Speaker 1: fellow listeners are. 80 00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:08,760 Speaker 3: Like a machine facsimile of us. 81 00:04:09,080 --> 00:04:11,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, your innermost thoughts. 82 00:04:12,160 --> 00:04:14,880 Speaker 1: Spill them, yeah, along with your social Security number, a 83 00:04:14,960 --> 00:04:16,599 Speaker 1: list of your fears, your blood type. 84 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:20,680 Speaker 2: But really we need your innermost thoughts to fuel our 85 00:04:20,800 --> 00:04:23,159 Speaker 2: machine or infernal machine we've created here. 86 00:04:23,279 --> 00:04:26,440 Speaker 3: Try to keep them limited to the three minute mark, right. 87 00:04:26,640 --> 00:04:28,800 Speaker 2: Yeah, if you know, if you want to or just 88 00:04:28,880 --> 00:04:30,799 Speaker 2: leave a bunch of messages, that's fine. 89 00:04:30,960 --> 00:04:34,359 Speaker 1: That's Matt's favorite thing when you hit our call in 90 00:04:34,480 --> 00:04:39,440 Speaker 1: line and leave fifteen messages because he gets a notification. 91 00:04:39,960 --> 00:04:42,839 Speaker 2: Yeah, we mentioned one person, I think on the last episode, 92 00:04:42,880 --> 00:04:45,960 Speaker 2: but that person hasn't called back again yet. Maybe she 93 00:04:46,040 --> 00:04:49,520 Speaker 2: knew we were talking about her, you know, fourth dimensionally Jennifer. 94 00:04:49,640 --> 00:04:55,120 Speaker 1: Right, I maybe feel free to keep calling Jennifer. But 95 00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:57,320 Speaker 1: if you want to take a page out of Jennifer's 96 00:04:57,320 --> 00:05:00,200 Speaker 1: book and share some information, with your fellow listeners. You're 97 00:05:00,200 --> 00:05:02,800 Speaker 1: probably wondering if you just pick up the phone and 98 00:05:02,839 --> 00:05:07,120 Speaker 1: start talking, almost you have to hit a numerical code first. 99 00:05:07,920 --> 00:05:13,440 Speaker 2: Yes, that's one eight three three std WYTK. That's just 100 00:05:13,440 --> 00:05:14,520 Speaker 2: stuff they don't want you to know. 101 00:05:15,080 --> 00:05:17,880 Speaker 1: Every time we say that number, it feels like there's 102 00:05:17,920 --> 00:05:20,560 Speaker 1: going to be an AM radio talk show tag on 103 00:05:20,640 --> 00:05:26,760 Speaker 1: where it's like in the money down the moon. Yes, yes, 104 00:05:26,880 --> 00:05:29,800 Speaker 1: the moon. We have been there, not the four of 105 00:05:29,880 --> 00:05:34,080 Speaker 1: us personally, and odds are not most of us listening, 106 00:05:34,360 --> 00:05:38,000 Speaker 1: but our species has. It's pretty easy to prove this 107 00:05:38,120 --> 00:05:42,120 Speaker 1: is the case. However, it is completely absolutely understandable. I 108 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:45,160 Speaker 1: would argue that folks could be skeptical about this claim. 109 00:05:45,560 --> 00:05:50,440 Speaker 1: After all, the timeline's really weird, so our entire species, 110 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:55,840 Speaker 1: of everybody, our entire species. One country landed people on 111 00:05:55,880 --> 00:05:59,120 Speaker 1: the Moon, and they only did it six times, and 112 00:05:59,160 --> 00:06:02,200 Speaker 1: they only did it between nineteen sixty nine to nineteen 113 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:06,279 Speaker 1: seventy two, at which point they just stopped. 114 00:06:06,720 --> 00:06:11,360 Speaker 2: Yeah, for no reason other than it's really really expensive 115 00:06:11,600 --> 00:06:14,480 Speaker 2: and there's not much going on up there officially. 116 00:06:14,760 --> 00:06:17,480 Speaker 1: Right, it's pretty it's pretty dangerous, right, and it's a 117 00:06:17,560 --> 00:06:20,760 Speaker 1: dangerous expedition. One of the most dangerous trips those people 118 00:06:20,800 --> 00:06:23,919 Speaker 1: would have ever taken in their lives. Today's episode is 119 00:06:23,920 --> 00:06:27,600 Speaker 1: about the idea that we did not stop going to 120 00:06:27,640 --> 00:06:28,600 Speaker 1: the moon so. 121 00:06:28,680 --> 00:06:31,240 Speaker 2: And that perhaps of the reason we went up there 122 00:06:31,440 --> 00:06:33,919 Speaker 2: was not what was told of the public and. 123 00:06:33,960 --> 00:06:39,200 Speaker 1: The world exactly exactly. So to get to get our 124 00:06:39,279 --> 00:06:43,320 Speaker 1: heads around this first, we have to start with the facts. 125 00:06:43,560 --> 00:06:46,960 Speaker 1: So here they are and side note, we would love 126 00:06:47,040 --> 00:06:50,400 Speaker 1: to hear any We'd love to hear any counter arguments 127 00:06:50,839 --> 00:06:53,360 Speaker 1: about this, because I am certain that some of us 128 00:06:53,440 --> 00:06:57,560 Speaker 1: listening as soon as they heard me say, yeah, we went. 129 00:06:57,440 --> 00:07:00,599 Speaker 2: To the Moon and it's pretty easy. You're right, right, Well, 130 00:07:00,640 --> 00:07:01,920 Speaker 2: it's a show that we got there. 131 00:07:02,040 --> 00:07:06,560 Speaker 1: Yes, we will have some examples or some arguments for 132 00:07:06,640 --> 00:07:08,480 Speaker 1: why that is the case, and we want to hear 133 00:07:08,480 --> 00:07:12,440 Speaker 1: your arguments against it. So boom, we're back in the 134 00:07:12,520 --> 00:07:16,120 Speaker 1: nineteen fifties. This is the Moon, what we did, and 135 00:07:16,160 --> 00:07:19,240 Speaker 1: how we did it. It's nineteen fifties. The United States 136 00:07:19,320 --> 00:07:21,680 Speaker 1: is locked in a race with the Soviet Union for 137 00:07:21,840 --> 00:07:26,000 Speaker 1: domination over everything, especially space. 138 00:07:26,040 --> 00:07:28,880 Speaker 2: The new Frontier. And you know, this is all just 139 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:34,080 Speaker 2: more Cold War stuff. After we as in the Soviet 140 00:07:34,160 --> 00:07:37,520 Speaker 2: Union in the United States were victorious during World War Two. 141 00:07:37,920 --> 00:07:40,720 Speaker 2: We're trying to figure out who is the superpower. And 142 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:45,080 Speaker 2: then on January tewod nineteen fifty nine, there's this thing 143 00:07:45,200 --> 00:07:49,000 Speaker 2: called the Soviet Luna I spacecraft and it made the 144 00:07:49,040 --> 00:07:52,560 Speaker 2: first official flyby of the Moon at a distance of 145 00:07:52,640 --> 00:07:56,920 Speaker 2: three thousand, seven hundred and twenty five miles. That's nine 146 00:07:56,960 --> 00:07:59,840 Speaker 2: hundred and ninety four kilometers from the Moon's surface, so 147 00:08:00,120 --> 00:08:01,840 Speaker 2: it's that far away from the Moon. But again, this 148 00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:04,080 Speaker 2: is a huge achievement because is the first time we've 149 00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:07,400 Speaker 2: ever gotten a piece of human machinery that far out 150 00:08:07,400 --> 00:08:11,240 Speaker 2: to the Moon and then successfully essentially looked at it 151 00:08:12,240 --> 00:08:15,960 Speaker 2: with a piece of technology that we created. 152 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:19,960 Speaker 3: On September twelfth, nineteen fifty nine, they landed the second 153 00:08:20,040 --> 00:08:20,640 Speaker 3: lie To mission. 154 00:08:21,720 --> 00:08:25,960 Speaker 1: And it's strange because you'll hear that described is they 155 00:08:26,200 --> 00:08:29,600 Speaker 1: impacted the Moon. Yeah, which we have to remember for 156 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:32,400 Speaker 1: the time. It was a really big and amazing deal 157 00:08:32,520 --> 00:08:34,640 Speaker 1: just to be able to hit that moving target. 158 00:08:34,880 --> 00:08:38,800 Speaker 2: Oh yeah, that's amazing. The math involved is so far 159 00:08:38,880 --> 00:08:43,280 Speaker 2: beyond my comprehension that it's crazy that they could even 160 00:08:43,400 --> 00:08:44,199 Speaker 2: attempt to do it. 161 00:08:44,600 --> 00:08:49,640 Speaker 1: And then on May twenty fifth, nineteen sixty one, severely 162 00:08:49,840 --> 00:08:55,680 Speaker 1: freaked out by the success of the USSR, President John F. 163 00:08:55,760 --> 00:08:58,920 Speaker 1: Kennedy issues a challenge and his speech to Congress when 164 00:08:58,920 --> 00:09:02,840 Speaker 1: he says, I believe that this nation should commit itself 165 00:09:02,920 --> 00:09:06,559 Speaker 1: to achieve the goal before this decade is out. I've 166 00:09:06,640 --> 00:09:09,880 Speaker 1: landed a man on the moon and retalitied him safely 167 00:09:09,960 --> 00:09:10,360 Speaker 1: to Earth. 168 00:09:10,679 --> 00:09:12,800 Speaker 2: And see that was right after one of doctor feel 169 00:09:12,840 --> 00:09:16,439 Speaker 2: Good's injections of what we now know was methamphetamines. 170 00:09:16,679 --> 00:09:21,480 Speaker 3: Is that right, yes, Kennedy, Yes, Now we made him 171 00:09:21,480 --> 00:09:22,000 Speaker 3: talk like that. 172 00:09:22,440 --> 00:09:25,040 Speaker 2: It was all it was exactly what it was, less 173 00:09:25,080 --> 00:09:27,240 Speaker 2: the accent and just more of the. 174 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:27,679 Speaker 3: Energy the paths. 175 00:09:29,200 --> 00:09:31,360 Speaker 1: Yeah, he was already there. 176 00:09:31,520 --> 00:09:33,400 Speaker 3: He was already on the moon looking looking down. 177 00:09:33,520 --> 00:09:37,320 Speaker 1: They were like, certain income inequality remains a problem. The 178 00:09:37,400 --> 00:09:43,160 Speaker 1: nation is embroiled in racial disparity. Intention and he's like the. 179 00:09:43,200 --> 00:09:47,160 Speaker 2: Moon, the moon, And also where's the doctor. 180 00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:51,800 Speaker 1: Where's the dye called Marylyn? Uh? Yes, this leads to 181 00:09:51,920 --> 00:09:53,760 Speaker 1: a series of things. We're going to walk through him 182 00:09:53,800 --> 00:09:57,079 Speaker 1: pretty quickly. Before we had the Apollo program, we had 183 00:09:57,080 --> 00:09:59,720 Speaker 1: something called the US Ranger Program. This ran from sixty 184 00:09:59,760 --> 00:10:02,320 Speaker 1: one to sixty five. It sent nine missions. 185 00:10:02,040 --> 00:10:02,480 Speaker 3: To the Moon. 186 00:10:02,760 --> 00:10:05,440 Speaker 1: There were no people on them. This was all machinery. 187 00:10:05,960 --> 00:10:09,640 Speaker 1: In sixty two, the Ranger four reached the lunar surface, 188 00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:12,720 Speaker 1: but it impacted, it crashed, and it wasn't able to 189 00:10:12,760 --> 00:10:16,080 Speaker 1: send any data back. So we just managed to make 190 00:10:16,120 --> 00:10:18,960 Speaker 1: a very expensive bullet essentially. 191 00:10:18,640 --> 00:10:22,839 Speaker 2: Yeah, and a small crater. But hey, congratulations, we had 192 00:10:22,880 --> 00:10:26,079 Speaker 2: an impact. Right, That's how it would be written in 193 00:10:26,160 --> 00:10:29,600 Speaker 2: some kind of board room where they're having Hey, look, 194 00:10:29,640 --> 00:10:30,439 Speaker 2: we made an impact. 195 00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:32,880 Speaker 1: We made an impact. We literally made an impact. Two 196 00:10:32,960 --> 00:10:37,000 Speaker 1: years later, Ranger seven captures and sends back four thousand 197 00:10:37,160 --> 00:10:39,760 Speaker 1: photos of the Moon before it hits the surface, and 198 00:10:39,880 --> 00:10:43,800 Speaker 1: also goes to put The next big step was to 199 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:46,080 Speaker 1: land something without crashing. 200 00:10:46,320 --> 00:10:51,200 Speaker 2: Yes, good idea. Again, much more difficult than you could 201 00:10:51,200 --> 00:10:56,400 Speaker 2: ever imagine. However, here's the thing. The Soviets, again like 202 00:10:56,440 --> 00:10:59,640 Speaker 2: they did before, beat us out. The Americans, of course, 203 00:11:00,320 --> 00:11:03,199 Speaker 2: touching down the lunar nine. So they're at the ninth 204 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:06,160 Speaker 2: iteration of the Luna at this point on February third, 205 00:11:06,360 --> 00:11:10,880 Speaker 2: nineteen sixty six. But here's the thing though, the American side, 206 00:11:11,040 --> 00:11:14,000 Speaker 2: again of this Cold War, we weren't very far behind 207 00:11:14,160 --> 00:11:17,760 Speaker 2: the surveyor one mission. This is a new craft or 208 00:11:17,840 --> 00:11:22,120 Speaker 2: new I guess part of the program. It made a 209 00:11:22,160 --> 00:11:25,600 Speaker 2: controlled landing on the Moon about three months later. So 210 00:11:25,800 --> 00:11:28,640 Speaker 2: here we are nineteen sixty six. Both the Soviets and 211 00:11:28,800 --> 00:11:32,120 Speaker 2: the United States have landed things successfully there. 212 00:11:32,800 --> 00:11:37,320 Speaker 1: And this all leads up to the big ticket item, 213 00:11:37,760 --> 00:11:41,199 Speaker 1: the big tent, right, the big temple, the milestone of 214 00:11:41,280 --> 00:11:46,079 Speaker 1: lunar exploration, which is landing a spacecraft with people on 215 00:11:46,120 --> 00:11:48,600 Speaker 1: it on the lunar surface. 216 00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:50,520 Speaker 2: And hopefully getting them back to Earth somehow. 217 00:11:50,520 --> 00:11:51,480 Speaker 1: Well, let's gonna be hasty. 218 00:11:52,640 --> 00:11:54,199 Speaker 3: Let's not be hasty, one step at a time. 219 00:11:55,720 --> 00:11:57,680 Speaker 1: It's kind of like Gatige. You know, how far are 220 00:11:57,720 --> 00:11:59,320 Speaker 1: you going to get if you spend all if you 221 00:11:59,360 --> 00:12:02,560 Speaker 1: save all your energy for this swim back. This was 222 00:12:02,600 --> 00:12:05,240 Speaker 1: way before Gattiko, but it's a good film. All these 223 00:12:05,280 --> 00:12:09,319 Speaker 1: steps were leading to this, and it was a bloody path. 224 00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:12,959 Speaker 1: It was not a situation where it's all angel farts 225 00:12:12,960 --> 00:12:16,760 Speaker 1: and trumpets and harps and stuff. Tragedy struck during a 226 00:12:16,880 --> 00:12:19,920 Speaker 1: test on January twenty seventh, nineteen sixty seven, a fire 227 00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:24,360 Speaker 1: swept through the Apollo command module, killing three astronauts, and 228 00:12:24,440 --> 00:12:27,280 Speaker 1: NASA name the test Apollo one to honor the crew. 229 00:12:28,120 --> 00:12:30,200 Speaker 1: And then we get to the manned lunar landings. They 230 00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:33,439 Speaker 1: all take place again between nineteen sixty nine and nineteen 231 00:12:33,480 --> 00:12:36,080 Speaker 1: seventy two. They're all part of the Apollo program. They 232 00:12:36,080 --> 00:12:39,560 Speaker 1: all come from the US. The most popular one, the 233 00:12:39,559 --> 00:12:43,360 Speaker 1: one that changed history forever, was the July twentieth, nineteen 234 00:12:43,440 --> 00:12:48,120 Speaker 1: sixty nine moon landing, when Neil Armstrong and longtime friend 235 00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:51,439 Speaker 1: of the show Buzz Doctor Rendezvous Aldrin land on the 236 00:12:51,520 --> 00:12:55,040 Speaker 1: lunar surface. It's followed by five other crude missions. The 237 00:12:55,120 --> 00:12:59,160 Speaker 1: astronauts who first touch on the Moon's surface have to 238 00:12:59,720 --> 00:13:02,680 Speaker 1: go way out of the way. This is this is 239 00:13:02,760 --> 00:13:05,800 Speaker 1: so dangerous. They have to travel three hundred and eighty 240 00:13:05,880 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: three thousand kilometers roughly just to reach the Moon. They 241 00:13:10,040 --> 00:13:13,160 Speaker 1: have to survive landing, have to survive being on the Moon. 242 00:13:13,760 --> 00:13:14,800 Speaker 1: They have to make it. 243 00:13:15,360 --> 00:13:17,000 Speaker 2: They have to like take off from the Moon. 244 00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:19,199 Speaker 1: They have to take off from the Moon, which people 245 00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:21,520 Speaker 1: forget you to get and then they have to make 246 00:13:21,559 --> 00:13:23,560 Speaker 1: it back to Earth preferably alive. 247 00:13:23,840 --> 00:13:26,680 Speaker 2: You miss a step. They got a rendezvous after taking 248 00:13:26,720 --> 00:13:30,800 Speaker 2: off from the Moon with the other spacecraft that's going 249 00:13:30,840 --> 00:13:34,680 Speaker 2: around the Moon. Right, docs successfully then make it back. 250 00:13:34,800 --> 00:13:36,840 Speaker 1: That's a good point. So you can see just from 251 00:13:36,960 --> 00:13:41,800 Speaker 1: all the all the dangers involved there why people would 252 00:13:41,800 --> 00:13:45,199 Speaker 1: be skeptical, especially when again the argument is that there 253 00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:49,719 Speaker 1: are so many problems on this planet that we can 254 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:53,560 Speaker 1: solve through mundane means. You know, why are we sending 255 00:13:54,440 --> 00:13:56,840 Speaker 1: just six missions to the Moon and quitting? Why did 256 00:13:56,880 --> 00:13:57,200 Speaker 1: we quit? 257 00:13:57,480 --> 00:13:57,680 Speaker 2: Right? 258 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:01,240 Speaker 1: So, there have been tons and tons of uncrude landings 259 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:04,880 Speaker 1: which persist in the modern day. And as you can imagine, 260 00:14:04,920 --> 00:14:10,360 Speaker 1: this way less risky, way less expensive. And now we 261 00:14:10,360 --> 00:14:13,440 Speaker 1: get to the question of how we know that we, 262 00:14:13,679 --> 00:14:16,880 Speaker 1: being humanity, got there some way. There are a number 263 00:14:16,880 --> 00:14:19,960 Speaker 1: of ways to prove human beings visited the Moon. First, 264 00:14:20,160 --> 00:14:22,680 Speaker 1: we have pieces of it, with literal pieces of it. 265 00:14:22,680 --> 00:14:26,440 Speaker 1: It's illegal for us to buy them, because we're apparently 266 00:14:26,480 --> 00:14:30,520 Speaker 1: not cool enough. But thanks for writing back, NASA. But 267 00:14:30,840 --> 00:14:32,040 Speaker 1: humanity has. 268 00:14:31,760 --> 00:14:34,200 Speaker 2: Have you, guys ever seen that movie of Hollow eighteen? 269 00:14:34,360 --> 00:14:38,520 Speaker 3: I have not is the same as Apollo thirteen, thanks. 270 00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:40,560 Speaker 2: The almost almost the same thing. It's just like five 271 00:14:40,720 --> 00:14:44,440 Speaker 2: missions later. Five more so so, Apollo seventeen is the 272 00:14:44,520 --> 00:14:47,520 Speaker 2: last man mission to the Moon that occurred. This one 273 00:14:47,600 --> 00:14:50,480 Speaker 2: is about the next one and what they find and 274 00:14:50,640 --> 00:14:54,680 Speaker 2: uh less spoiler alert, there's some naughty moon rocks up there. 275 00:14:54,880 --> 00:14:55,560 Speaker 2: That's all I'll. 276 00:14:55,400 --> 00:14:58,680 Speaker 1: Say, naughty moon rose. I guess so endearor when you 277 00:14:58,760 --> 00:14:59,920 Speaker 1: describe stuff is. 278 00:14:59,800 --> 00:15:03,360 Speaker 3: Not moon rocks is like a weed thing. 279 00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:04,080 Speaker 2: Oh it is. 280 00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:08,160 Speaker 3: It's like some really concentrated like weed thing. Oh well, 281 00:15:08,240 --> 00:15:09,880 Speaker 3: I heard in rap songs. I only know that's. 282 00:15:10,120 --> 00:15:15,920 Speaker 2: Oh well, it's not that okay, But anyway, watch is it? 283 00:15:16,160 --> 00:15:20,720 Speaker 1: Yeah? So, astronauts working for NASA brought back about eight 284 00:15:20,800 --> 00:15:25,360 Speaker 1: hundred and forty two pounds of moon rocks rocks from 285 00:15:25,440 --> 00:15:28,760 Speaker 1: the lunar surface for scientists to study. Although it would 286 00:15:28,800 --> 00:15:30,680 Speaker 1: be great if it were eight hundred and forty two 287 00:15:30,760 --> 00:15:34,160 Speaker 1: pounds of marijuana that they brought back. The thing about 288 00:15:34,160 --> 00:15:37,480 Speaker 1: these rocks is the oldest The oldest ones are four 289 00:15:37,520 --> 00:15:41,120 Speaker 1: point five billion years old, which makes them two hundred 290 00:15:41,240 --> 00:15:45,480 Speaker 1: million years older than the oldest rocks on Earth. WHOA, 291 00:15:45,520 --> 00:15:47,960 Speaker 1: So it's a pretty good argument. You could also say, well, 292 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:51,120 Speaker 1: maybe they just collected eight hundred and forty two pounds 293 00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:58,400 Speaker 1: of meteorites that landed on Earth. But the moon rocks 294 00:15:58,440 --> 00:16:03,480 Speaker 1: have characteristics that are unique to them. And then there's 295 00:16:03,560 --> 00:16:06,040 Speaker 1: the other idea, which is that you can see stuff 296 00:16:06,040 --> 00:16:09,560 Speaker 1: reflected on the Moon. You can see the retroflectors, you 297 00:16:09,680 --> 00:16:13,800 Speaker 1: can see the flag still there, which is a little 298 00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:17,240 Speaker 1: ghost on our part, But how inspiring anyhow. These are 299 00:16:17,280 --> 00:16:19,400 Speaker 1: just some of the things that you can see on 300 00:16:19,440 --> 00:16:23,280 Speaker 1: the Moon and so far in twenty nineteen. This is 301 00:16:23,320 --> 00:16:26,520 Speaker 1: the official narrative, at least, the very broad strokes of 302 00:16:26,560 --> 00:16:30,680 Speaker 1: our species collective quest to reach the Moon. But what 303 00:16:30,960 --> 00:16:33,200 Speaker 1: if there's more to the story. 304 00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:36,440 Speaker 2: Yeah, what if instead of faking the moon landing the 305 00:16:36,480 --> 00:16:41,440 Speaker 2: way so many of us at least have pondered, what 306 00:16:41,520 --> 00:16:45,680 Speaker 2: if there's more to the mission than what the public 307 00:16:45,680 --> 00:16:47,760 Speaker 2: had been led to believe. What if we had a 308 00:16:47,840 --> 00:16:51,760 Speaker 2: whole other ulterior motive just by even imagining going up 309 00:16:51,800 --> 00:16:56,400 Speaker 2: to the Moon. And what if we did something crazy. 310 00:16:57,120 --> 00:16:59,760 Speaker 3: We'll explore that concept when we get back from a 311 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:09,960 Speaker 3: quick sponsor brank years where it gets crazy. 312 00:17:10,920 --> 00:17:15,520 Speaker 1: We absolutely planned more stuff. By we at this point, 313 00:17:15,520 --> 00:17:18,280 Speaker 1: we don't mean the human species. We mean the US government. 314 00:17:18,480 --> 00:17:21,960 Speaker 1: We planned a ton of very strange things we did 315 00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:26,199 Speaker 1: not tell anyone. We would like to reveal one of 316 00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:30,280 Speaker 1: those plans on the air today, something called Project Horizon. 317 00:17:31,040 --> 00:17:35,080 Speaker 1: All the way back in nineteen fifty eight or fifty nine, 318 00:17:36,200 --> 00:17:38,720 Speaker 1: ten or so, ten or more years before the first 319 00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:42,600 Speaker 1: lunar landing, Uncle Sam was already planning to build a 320 00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:47,200 Speaker 1: permanent lunar base. They listed the requirements. 321 00:17:46,600 --> 00:17:50,000 Speaker 3: Like this, So here's the quote. The lunar outpost is 322 00:17:50,040 --> 00:17:54,320 Speaker 3: required to develop and protect potential United States interests on 323 00:17:54,640 --> 00:17:58,119 Speaker 3: the Moon. To develop techniques in Moon based surveillance of 324 00:17:58,160 --> 00:18:02,359 Speaker 3: the Earth and space and communications relay and operations on 325 00:18:02,440 --> 00:18:04,400 Speaker 3: the surface of the Moon. To serve as a base 326 00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:07,960 Speaker 3: for exploration of the Moon, for future exploration into space, 327 00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:11,640 Speaker 3: and for military operations on the Moon if required. And 328 00:18:12,080 --> 00:18:16,760 Speaker 3: to support scientific investigation on the Moon. Very very moon 329 00:18:16,760 --> 00:18:17,800 Speaker 3: based document here. 330 00:18:17,960 --> 00:18:21,760 Speaker 2: Well, yeah, but again, we're talking about having a military, 331 00:18:22,400 --> 00:18:25,960 Speaker 2: like a ready to go military outpost on the Moon 332 00:18:26,040 --> 00:18:27,280 Speaker 2: in nineteen fifty eight. 333 00:18:27,359 --> 00:18:29,359 Speaker 3: Gees. I mean, that's like a pretty big leap. But 334 00:18:29,400 --> 00:18:31,679 Speaker 3: I guess anytime we're conquering anything, we're doing it for 335 00:18:31,760 --> 00:18:35,040 Speaker 3: military purposes, right, Like why bother sending humans to the 336 00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:36,760 Speaker 3: Moon just so we can have the bragging rights if 337 00:18:36,760 --> 00:18:38,960 Speaker 3: we're not going to actually use it to blow people 338 00:18:39,040 --> 00:18:40,879 Speaker 3: up in some way, right. 339 00:18:40,520 --> 00:18:42,160 Speaker 2: I guess so. And just to give you a little 340 00:18:42,200 --> 00:18:45,280 Speaker 2: background on what we're reading from, this is an unclassified 341 00:18:45,320 --> 00:18:48,880 Speaker 2: secret document that we found on History dot Army dot mill. 342 00:18:49,280 --> 00:18:54,400 Speaker 2: It's entitled Project Horizon, Volume one, Summary and Supporting Considerations, 343 00:18:54,960 --> 00:18:58,080 Speaker 2: and we have a little more about the background of 344 00:18:58,119 --> 00:18:58,879 Speaker 2: this project. 345 00:18:59,480 --> 00:19:01,879 Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, Now, I know a lot of us are 346 00:19:01,920 --> 00:19:06,600 Speaker 1: titillated by the the titling there. Yeah, if you are, 347 00:19:06,920 --> 00:19:10,280 Speaker 1: if you're still awake after hearing that title. This was 348 00:19:10,320 --> 00:19:14,480 Speaker 1: the brainchild of a Lieutenant General Arthur G. Trudeau, who 349 00:19:14,600 --> 00:19:17,320 Speaker 1: was the US Army's chief of Research and Development. The 350 00:19:17,359 --> 00:19:22,240 Speaker 1: project had two components. First, the publicly acknowledged idea, which 351 00:19:22,320 --> 00:19:25,760 Speaker 1: is very very star trek, very post scarcity economy. 352 00:19:25,960 --> 00:19:28,320 Speaker 2: That's exactly what it is, to boldly. 353 00:19:27,960 --> 00:19:31,240 Speaker 1: Go where no one has gone before, to explore space 354 00:19:31,280 --> 00:19:36,639 Speaker 1: for the betterment of mankind, to develop new and better technology. 355 00:19:36,400 --> 00:19:39,440 Speaker 2: Again for the betterment of mankind, right right right. 356 00:19:39,400 --> 00:19:44,640 Speaker 1: To explore strange new places right but below the surface. 357 00:19:46,600 --> 00:19:51,840 Speaker 1: The true purpose of Project Horizon and many similar projects 358 00:19:51,960 --> 00:19:55,600 Speaker 1: in the you know, the secret thing, what people said 359 00:19:56,040 --> 00:19:59,400 Speaker 1: when all the doors were closed and the monitors were 360 00:19:59,400 --> 00:20:05,560 Speaker 1: turned off, was to create a situation where they could 361 00:20:05,600 --> 00:20:10,959 Speaker 1: have military superiority in the Cold War, military superiority in 362 00:20:11,080 --> 00:20:17,800 Speaker 1: space through through nuclear weaponry. They weren't going to just 363 00:20:17,840 --> 00:20:20,119 Speaker 1: put people on the Moon. They wanted to put nukes, 364 00:20:20,119 --> 00:20:23,120 Speaker 1: there by permanently occupying the Moon, and more importantly, by 365 00:20:23,160 --> 00:20:26,560 Speaker 1: getting there before Soviet forces did. The US could say 366 00:20:26,600 --> 00:20:30,000 Speaker 1: we own this now, and the Moon and all that 367 00:20:30,040 --> 00:20:34,520 Speaker 1: it holds or any use that it has is now ours, 368 00:20:34,840 --> 00:20:40,240 Speaker 1: and this could be useful on a multitude of fronts. First, 369 00:20:40,680 --> 00:20:44,840 Speaker 1: you have in many ways, you have the potential for 370 00:20:45,600 --> 00:20:49,840 Speaker 1: an obscene level of air superiority. Oh yeah, you can 371 00:20:49,880 --> 00:20:55,600 Speaker 1: also restrict space from You can restrict anyone from accessing space. 372 00:20:56,119 --> 00:20:59,679 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's huge. You've got a moon base on that 373 00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:02,600 Speaker 2: thing that's just looming over the planet at all times. 374 00:21:02,920 --> 00:21:07,119 Speaker 2: Your you can observe anything that the Moon can see. 375 00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:11,000 Speaker 2: You can then see, right, which is a little difficult 376 00:21:11,000 --> 00:21:12,800 Speaker 2: to plan for. Well, I guess not really. 377 00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:13,120 Speaker 3: You could. 378 00:21:13,920 --> 00:21:17,480 Speaker 2: You could do all of your all of your research somehow, 379 00:21:17,600 --> 00:21:22,840 Speaker 2: I don't know, underground or outside of the Moon's view somehow. 380 00:21:22,520 --> 00:21:25,160 Speaker 1: Right, Radiation shielding would have to be a big part 381 00:21:25,280 --> 00:21:29,879 Speaker 1: you could. You could also, for example, make a tremendous 382 00:21:29,880 --> 00:21:32,119 Speaker 1: amount of money because you would have a monopoly on 383 00:21:32,240 --> 00:21:36,399 Speaker 1: lunar travel. There you go, and millionaires existed back in 384 00:21:36,440 --> 00:21:39,159 Speaker 1: the in the fifties as well as the sixties, so 385 00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:42,600 Speaker 1: it's quite conceivable that they would pay any price to 386 00:21:42,640 --> 00:21:45,080 Speaker 1: get to the Moon if they were allowed to. The 387 00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:50,800 Speaker 1: army could also have massive, massive surveillance capabilities. There would 388 00:21:50,800 --> 00:21:53,200 Speaker 1: be no such thing as a secret area of the 389 00:21:53,320 --> 00:21:56,080 Speaker 1: USSR unless it was very deep, but even then you 390 00:21:56,080 --> 00:21:57,399 Speaker 1: could see it being constructed. 391 00:21:57,560 --> 00:21:59,080 Speaker 3: I mean, it just feels like there wouldn't be as 392 00:21:59,160 --> 00:22:01,960 Speaker 3: much of a race kind of situation if there wasn't 393 00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:06,600 Speaker 3: some military angle at play, right right, it seems like 394 00:22:06,600 --> 00:22:08,359 Speaker 3: any time that the US is like, oh, we better 395 00:22:08,359 --> 00:22:09,920 Speaker 3: catch up with the Russians because they don't want the 396 00:22:09,960 --> 00:22:11,600 Speaker 3: Russians to have the upper hand, it's less of a 397 00:22:11,760 --> 00:22:14,399 Speaker 3: reputation thing, and to me it seems like more of 398 00:22:14,440 --> 00:22:15,440 Speaker 3: like a strategic thing. 399 00:22:15,720 --> 00:22:18,080 Speaker 2: Well yeah, I mean, think about this last bit that 400 00:22:18,119 --> 00:22:21,240 Speaker 2: we were talking about the nukes. If you had nukes 401 00:22:21,359 --> 00:22:24,480 Speaker 2: on the lunar surface so they could be launched, let's say, 402 00:22:24,520 --> 00:22:28,280 Speaker 2: with a dead man's hand kind of situation, where if Washington, 403 00:22:28,359 --> 00:22:31,880 Speaker 2: DC gets attacked, if New York gets attacked, if all 404 00:22:31,960 --> 00:22:34,119 Speaker 2: of it gets wiped off the face of the Earth 405 00:22:34,359 --> 00:22:39,320 Speaker 2: through Soviet missiles, then there are still lunar nukes coming 406 00:22:39,359 --> 00:22:42,639 Speaker 2: at you, right, no matter what you do to the 407 00:22:42,720 --> 00:22:45,640 Speaker 2: United States mainland or any of its other outposts. There 408 00:22:45,680 --> 00:22:47,960 Speaker 2: still will be nukes on the way. They might take 409 00:22:48,000 --> 00:22:49,879 Speaker 2: a while, but they're headed your direction. 410 00:22:50,520 --> 00:22:53,120 Speaker 1: That's it. I mean, that's a very very good point, 411 00:22:53,200 --> 00:22:57,920 Speaker 1: because even if every single part of the US security 412 00:22:57,960 --> 00:23:01,520 Speaker 1: structures disabled, they're going to have a tough time hitting 413 00:23:01,560 --> 00:23:07,439 Speaker 1: the moon. Right, you can also vastly improve radio communications, 414 00:23:07,520 --> 00:23:11,879 Speaker 1: at least for the time. So it's clear that we 415 00:23:11,880 --> 00:23:14,800 Speaker 1: can see this. It's clear that it has advantages, and 416 00:23:15,040 --> 00:23:17,000 Speaker 1: I enjoy what you pointed out, and no one which 417 00:23:17,040 --> 00:23:19,919 Speaker 1: is I would say, not just any endeavor like this, 418 00:23:20,080 --> 00:23:24,960 Speaker 1: but all all wars and expansions are about controlling resource 419 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:27,919 Speaker 1: and access, you know, So it's not out of the 420 00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:33,480 Speaker 1: goodness of their hearts that they planned this. The Pentagon said, Okay, 421 00:23:34,040 --> 00:23:36,639 Speaker 1: let's let's think about this, let's figure it out. So 422 00:23:36,680 --> 00:23:39,920 Speaker 1: they turned Project Horizon over to one of the only 423 00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:44,240 Speaker 1: people they felt qualified to study its feasibility. A person 424 00:23:44,359 --> 00:23:47,479 Speaker 1: will be familiar to many of our longtime listeners today, 425 00:23:47,640 --> 00:23:49,160 Speaker 1: that is Werner von Braun. 426 00:23:49,800 --> 00:23:55,040 Speaker 3: Yeah, so the Pentagon turned Projectorizon over to Werner von Braun, 427 00:23:55,280 --> 00:23:58,000 Speaker 3: and at this point he was the head of the 428 00:23:58,080 --> 00:24:04,120 Speaker 3: US Army Ballistic Missile Agency, abbma personal favorite. It's almost abba. Yeah, 429 00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:07,960 Speaker 3: that's neither here nor there. But von Braun was able 430 00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:12,640 Speaker 3: to assign the study to one of his German colleagues, 431 00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:15,600 Speaker 3: who also had been brought to the United States as 432 00:24:15,680 --> 00:24:19,200 Speaker 3: part of Operation paper Clip, which we've discussed on the show. 433 00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:21,000 Speaker 3: I think it's one of your personal favorites, Math, I'm 434 00:24:21,000 --> 00:24:21,560 Speaker 3: not mistaken. 435 00:24:21,960 --> 00:24:24,919 Speaker 2: Yeah, I hopefully it's a show favorite because it's just 436 00:24:24,960 --> 00:24:27,680 Speaker 2: one of those weird things in history that occurred that 437 00:24:27,720 --> 00:24:28,960 Speaker 2: we don't like to think about. 438 00:24:29,200 --> 00:24:32,399 Speaker 3: Really happened. Quick little summary. 439 00:24:33,040 --> 00:24:38,120 Speaker 1: Germany's put One of Germany's most important and least known 440 00:24:38,160 --> 00:24:42,159 Speaker 1: at the time popular exports post World War Two was 441 00:24:42,359 --> 00:24:43,639 Speaker 1: former Nazi scientists. 442 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:47,760 Speaker 2: Yeah, minds, great minds that put together the technology that 443 00:24:47,880 --> 00:24:50,560 Speaker 2: was used to overcome most of the rest of the 444 00:24:50,600 --> 00:24:51,640 Speaker 2: world's military might. 445 00:24:51,840 --> 00:24:53,800 Speaker 1: The US got them, in Russia got them too. They 446 00:24:53,800 --> 00:24:56,400 Speaker 1: were also the Cold War had already begun, so Operation 447 00:24:56,520 --> 00:25:01,359 Speaker 1: paper Clip was the secret program to spirit these scientists 448 00:25:01,359 --> 00:25:04,719 Speaker 1: away without the US public learning about it. 449 00:25:04,960 --> 00:25:07,920 Speaker 2: And verner Ron Brown was one of those men. 450 00:25:07,600 --> 00:25:09,560 Speaker 3: And one of his men, His top man for the 451 00:25:09,640 --> 00:25:12,440 Speaker 3: job was a man by the name of hines Ham 452 00:25:12,480 --> 00:25:16,479 Speaker 3: and coel and Over the next ninety days. This gentleman 453 00:25:16,520 --> 00:25:19,200 Speaker 3: divided up to projects in the pieces and assign each 454 00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:22,800 Speaker 3: part to a military department that was most suited, most 455 00:25:22,840 --> 00:25:25,840 Speaker 3: well suited to study it. The ABMA would evaluate the 456 00:25:25,880 --> 00:25:29,119 Speaker 3: type of rockets and space vehicles that would be required, 457 00:25:29,440 --> 00:25:32,000 Speaker 3: and then the Signal Corps would study the radio and 458 00:25:32,000 --> 00:25:35,560 Speaker 3: communications needs, and the core of engineers would propose the 459 00:25:35,600 --> 00:25:39,600 Speaker 3: best methods for constructing, maintaining, and expanding a habitable outpost 460 00:25:39,720 --> 00:25:41,040 Speaker 3: on said moon. 461 00:25:41,240 --> 00:25:44,240 Speaker 2: And see their compartmentalizing here. They're very intelligent and how 462 00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:48,600 Speaker 2: they're doing this. None of the components know necessarily exactly 463 00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:52,640 Speaker 2: what the others are doing. There's Bob Lazaar, of all 464 00:25:52,680 --> 00:25:55,359 Speaker 2: people that we've discussed on this show before, a guy 465 00:25:55,359 --> 00:25:58,520 Speaker 2: who purportedly worked at Area fifty one or near Area 466 00:25:58,560 --> 00:26:01,640 Speaker 2: fifty one. I think it's site for something like that 467 00:26:01,640 --> 00:26:03,879 Speaker 2: that's near Area fifty one. He recently went on the 468 00:26:03,960 --> 00:26:08,680 Speaker 2: Joe Rogan Show and he was discussing particularly this the 469 00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:14,320 Speaker 2: compartmentalization of studying something like this. How you'll get basically 470 00:26:14,400 --> 00:26:16,360 Speaker 2: a title kind of what we what we see when 471 00:26:16,359 --> 00:26:19,480 Speaker 2: we look in the DARPA website. You get a title 472 00:26:19,520 --> 00:26:22,760 Speaker 2: of a project and a one paragraph that tells you 473 00:26:22,880 --> 00:26:26,560 Speaker 2: what that thing is, so you'll know that. Okay, someone 474 00:26:26,600 --> 00:26:29,600 Speaker 2: over here in this project is studying the propulsion system. 475 00:26:29,680 --> 00:26:34,280 Speaker 2: Somebody over here is studying aerodynamics, you know, part of this. 476 00:26:34,400 --> 00:26:37,280 Speaker 2: If you're gonna, let's say, create a flying saucer. In 477 00:26:37,359 --> 00:26:45,120 Speaker 2: this case Cole Cole he's he's doing this exact thing 478 00:26:45,240 --> 00:26:46,760 Speaker 2: with building a moon base. 479 00:26:46,920 --> 00:26:51,359 Speaker 1: Right right, And he was an aeronautical engineer who made 480 00:26:51,400 --> 00:26:55,480 Speaker 1: the first forays into the design of the rocket that 481 00:26:55,520 --> 00:26:59,080 Speaker 1: we now know as the Saturn one. Wow, you cannot 482 00:26:59,200 --> 00:27:03,040 Speaker 1: buy your own Saturn one again. Thanks for writing back, NASA. 483 00:27:03,240 --> 00:27:06,520 Speaker 1: I was just curious. But you can buy a top 484 00:27:06,640 --> 00:27:09,320 Speaker 1: notch lego model based on it. 485 00:27:09,880 --> 00:27:14,199 Speaker 2: And the company Saturn did make some fine vehicles for 486 00:27:14,240 --> 00:27:14,800 Speaker 2: a while there. 487 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:17,320 Speaker 1: Funny you mentioned that, Yeah, I wreck two of them. 488 00:27:18,280 --> 00:27:23,280 Speaker 1: It's true. They will keep you alive. But back to horizon. 489 00:27:23,359 --> 00:27:27,159 Speaker 1: So the final report, which was titled Project Rise in 490 00:27:27,280 --> 00:27:30,240 Speaker 1: US Army Study for the Establishment of a Lunar Military Post, 491 00:27:30,480 --> 00:27:33,440 Speaker 1: was given to the Pentagon in June of nineteen fifty 492 00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:36,879 Speaker 1: nine in two volumes. The first was a summary that 493 00:27:37,080 --> 00:27:41,679 Speaker 1: said presented the main conclusions of what we want to 494 00:27:41,680 --> 00:27:43,960 Speaker 1: do the high level thing right. The one the execs 495 00:27:43,960 --> 00:27:46,520 Speaker 1: would read. And the second gives a longer and more 496 00:27:46,640 --> 00:27:50,600 Speaker 1: detailed analysis, and we'll tell you what was in this 497 00:27:50,720 --> 00:28:01,240 Speaker 1: report after a word from our sponsors. Okay, so first 498 00:28:01,240 --> 00:28:03,639 Speaker 1: things first, this is written during the Cold War. This 499 00:28:03,680 --> 00:28:08,840 Speaker 1: is top secret. If you told most of the world 500 00:28:09,400 --> 00:28:11,359 Speaker 1: how we're going to take over the Moon, We're going 501 00:28:11,400 --> 00:28:17,360 Speaker 1: to put nuclear weapons on it, you know, USA, USA, 502 00:28:17,400 --> 00:28:23,359 Speaker 1: the world would not react well. So they emphasize the secrecy, 503 00:28:23,400 --> 00:28:27,159 Speaker 1: but also they emphasize the grave nature of the problem. 504 00:28:27,600 --> 00:28:33,159 Speaker 1: This is very This is phrased as a inevitable, indeed, 505 00:28:33,160 --> 00:28:37,240 Speaker 1: the only path to salvation for the United States or 506 00:28:37,280 --> 00:28:40,840 Speaker 1: to continued stability. And they say the political implications of 507 00:28:40,880 --> 00:28:43,400 Speaker 1: our failure to be first in space are a matter 508 00:28:43,480 --> 00:28:47,440 Speaker 1: of public record. This failure has reflected adversely on United 509 00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:51,320 Speaker 1: States scientific and political leadership. To some extent, we have 510 00:28:51,360 --> 00:28:55,200 Speaker 1: recovered the loss. However, once having been second best in 511 00:28:55,240 --> 00:28:57,880 Speaker 1: the eyes of the world's population, we are not now 512 00:28:57,920 --> 00:29:00,760 Speaker 1: in a position to afford being second on any other 513 00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:04,200 Speaker 1: major step in space. The results of failure to first 514 00:29:04,200 --> 00:29:07,640 Speaker 1: place man on an extra terrestrial base will raise grave 515 00:29:07,720 --> 00:29:11,200 Speaker 1: political questions and at the same time lower US prestige 516 00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:12,760 Speaker 1: and influence. 517 00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:18,520 Speaker 2: There you go. I imagine a general perhaps pacing back 518 00:29:18,560 --> 00:29:22,400 Speaker 2: and forth again in a giant room filled with officials 519 00:29:22,480 --> 00:29:27,160 Speaker 2: and scientists and other military personnel, just giving that speech. 520 00:29:27,360 --> 00:29:30,360 Speaker 1: I get a very doctor strange love vibe out of 521 00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:35,480 Speaker 1: this because this sort of answers the question that I 522 00:29:35,640 --> 00:29:39,280 Speaker 1: posed originally, which is, why would you focus on the 523 00:29:39,280 --> 00:29:41,440 Speaker 1: Moon when there are so many things we could fix 524 00:29:41,480 --> 00:29:45,640 Speaker 1: here on Earth? And they've they've changed the nature of 525 00:29:45,640 --> 00:29:49,360 Speaker 1: the argument to say that if we want to fix 526 00:29:49,400 --> 00:29:54,200 Speaker 1: anything on Earth, we have to forge the respect you 527 00:29:54,240 --> 00:29:58,080 Speaker 1: know we have. Yeah, thank you, thank you for the 528 00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:00,400 Speaker 1: respect we have to we have to get to the Moon. 529 00:30:00,480 --> 00:30:04,000 Speaker 2: We've been number two on several of these other big things, 530 00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:09,480 Speaker 2: the first satellite, the first successful you know, lunar orbiting. 531 00:30:09,280 --> 00:30:11,520 Speaker 1: First person in space to return. 532 00:30:11,800 --> 00:30:12,120 Speaker 3: Yeah. 533 00:30:12,200 --> 00:30:15,520 Speaker 2: I mean they're like, guys, we need that base. 534 00:30:15,560 --> 00:30:18,000 Speaker 1: Now, and who knows how many other cosmonauts were just 535 00:30:18,080 --> 00:30:21,360 Speaker 1: the first people in space who didn't make it back, right. 536 00:30:21,520 --> 00:30:22,320 Speaker 2: Yeah. 537 00:30:22,400 --> 00:30:25,560 Speaker 1: So then the report turns the question whether a crude 538 00:30:25,760 --> 00:30:29,120 Speaker 1: moon base with actual people on it is something that 539 00:30:29,160 --> 00:30:32,400 Speaker 1: we can afford and something that we could actually do. 540 00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:33,520 Speaker 2: Yeah. 541 00:30:33,600 --> 00:30:36,200 Speaker 1: So if money is no object, can we think our 542 00:30:36,200 --> 00:30:39,920 Speaker 1: way around this? If money is an object. The conversation 543 00:30:39,920 --> 00:30:43,520 Speaker 1: always turns to it eventually. Then how much money is 544 00:30:43,760 --> 00:30:45,920 Speaker 1: too much? How much is just enough? 545 00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:48,240 Speaker 2: Well, yeah, the first when you're thinking about something as 546 00:30:48,320 --> 00:30:50,960 Speaker 2: high level and conceptual as this, the first thing you 547 00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:53,240 Speaker 2: do is, well, if we were going to use everything 548 00:30:53,240 --> 00:30:56,720 Speaker 2: that's available to us right now, all the technology, how 549 00:30:56,760 --> 00:30:59,240 Speaker 2: much would it cost? Right, that's the that's one of 550 00:30:59,320 --> 00:31:01,560 Speaker 2: the major things. How much would it cost using this stuff? 551 00:31:01,880 --> 00:31:04,880 Speaker 2: And would that make sense for us? It made the assumption, 552 00:31:05,280 --> 00:31:07,560 Speaker 2: like when it was first starting out this Project Horizon, 553 00:31:07,760 --> 00:31:10,800 Speaker 2: that they would be able to use existing technology to 554 00:31:10,840 --> 00:31:13,640 Speaker 2: do everything, at least in the beginning. 555 00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:20,720 Speaker 1: Yes, in the beginning, that's where everything seems so great, 556 00:31:20,960 --> 00:31:22,640 Speaker 1: you know, in the beginning. 557 00:31:22,920 --> 00:31:25,760 Speaker 2: But here's the thing. They're already working on some technology 558 00:31:25,760 --> 00:31:29,120 Speaker 2: that wasn't currently available. It was basically the R and 559 00:31:29,200 --> 00:31:32,320 Speaker 2: D side of what we imagine propulsion will be. Like 560 00:31:33,240 --> 00:31:40,600 Speaker 2: the dude Cole col Coel whatever, whoever's heman, he was 561 00:31:40,640 --> 00:31:45,640 Speaker 2: working on a liquid hydrogen rocket, a liquid hydrogen fueled 562 00:31:45,760 --> 00:31:51,320 Speaker 2: rocket that could potentially get us there. And again they're 563 00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:53,280 Speaker 2: going back to this idea that we have to make 564 00:31:53,320 --> 00:31:57,800 Speaker 2: the entire thing modular, starting out really small, so the 565 00:31:57,800 --> 00:31:59,440 Speaker 2: first time we land there on the moon and we're 566 00:31:59,440 --> 00:32:02,080 Speaker 2: going to start an outpost, we put a tiny little 567 00:32:02,240 --> 00:32:05,600 Speaker 2: thing down there that's not going to be fully functional. Essentially, 568 00:32:05,880 --> 00:32:09,120 Speaker 2: it's just going to be a little outpost that we're 569 00:32:09,160 --> 00:32:11,400 Speaker 2: going to continue to build each time we go back. 570 00:32:11,720 --> 00:32:13,920 Speaker 2: We're not just going to get there and plant a 571 00:32:14,000 --> 00:32:14,920 Speaker 2: base on the moon. 572 00:32:15,040 --> 00:32:18,040 Speaker 1: And we're also not going to throw anything away. If 573 00:32:18,040 --> 00:32:20,640 Speaker 1: we can help it, it'll all eventually become a piece 574 00:32:20,640 --> 00:32:21,000 Speaker 1: of this. 575 00:32:20,960 --> 00:32:22,440 Speaker 2: Outpost, right exactly. 576 00:32:22,960 --> 00:32:26,560 Speaker 1: So the idea here is that they could start getting 577 00:32:27,080 --> 00:32:30,800 Speaker 1: their collective ducks in a row in nineteen sixty four, 578 00:32:30,920 --> 00:32:33,560 Speaker 1: and they even thought about how this would be designed. 579 00:32:33,920 --> 00:32:36,400 Speaker 1: The basic building block for the outpost would be these 580 00:32:36,840 --> 00:32:41,560 Speaker 1: metal cylindrical tanks three meters or ten feet in diameter 581 00:32:41,720 --> 00:32:45,560 Speaker 1: and twenty feet or six point one meters long, and 582 00:32:45,680 --> 00:32:49,600 Speaker 1: two nuclear reactors would also be built there. They're building 583 00:32:49,680 --> 00:32:52,960 Speaker 1: nuclear well, they're transporting nuclear reactors. 584 00:32:52,560 --> 00:32:55,360 Speaker 2: They have to there. It's weird they're not building it 585 00:32:55,400 --> 00:32:58,120 Speaker 2: as it feels like legos to me, like nuclear reactor 586 00:32:58,160 --> 00:32:59,920 Speaker 2: parts that you kind of put in. 587 00:33:00,080 --> 00:33:03,800 Speaker 1: A place right Ikia style assembly. But did you ever 588 00:33:03,920 --> 00:33:06,000 Speaker 1: play that, Let's think about it this way, did you 589 00:33:06,040 --> 00:33:09,040 Speaker 1: ever play that game where you had to have a 590 00:33:09,120 --> 00:33:14,000 Speaker 1: relay with an egg and a spoon. Yeah, now, I 591 00:33:14,040 --> 00:33:14,840 Speaker 1: had never deal with it. 592 00:33:15,080 --> 00:33:16,360 Speaker 3: That's a brutal variation. 593 00:33:16,560 --> 00:33:20,320 Speaker 1: Ah, would you imagine running either one will work mouth 594 00:33:20,400 --> 00:33:23,520 Speaker 1: or the spoon. Imagine holding the spoon in your mouth, 595 00:33:23,600 --> 00:33:26,000 Speaker 1: is what I meant. Oh okay, yeah, yeah, well either way, 596 00:33:26,040 --> 00:33:30,080 Speaker 1: imagine imagine that egg is a nuclear bomb, and imagine 597 00:33:30,080 --> 00:33:34,080 Speaker 1: the run is running from Earth to the Moon. That's insane, 598 00:33:34,720 --> 00:33:36,760 Speaker 1: that's what That's what they were proposing. 599 00:33:36,880 --> 00:33:40,760 Speaker 2: Yeah, and then there again, it's so crazy to me. 600 00:33:41,240 --> 00:33:44,680 Speaker 2: It's not even getting to the moon. It's the last 601 00:33:45,080 --> 00:33:48,320 Speaker 2: jump from the orbit of the Moon to the surface 602 00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:52,120 Speaker 2: of the Moon with with a nuke or a nuclear 603 00:33:52,200 --> 00:33:57,840 Speaker 2: at least nuclear material material that is radioactive in that way. 604 00:33:58,800 --> 00:33:59,040 Speaker 3: Right. 605 00:33:59,560 --> 00:34:02,000 Speaker 1: So the idea was, Okay, we'll figure out the details. 606 00:34:02,040 --> 00:34:06,400 Speaker 1: We'll take these nuclear reactors. They'll provide shielding and power 607 00:34:06,480 --> 00:34:09,880 Speaker 1: for the operation of the initial quarters and the equipment 608 00:34:09,920 --> 00:34:13,840 Speaker 1: we used to make the permanent facility. We'll use every 609 00:34:13,920 --> 00:34:19,640 Speaker 1: empty cargo propelling container to store more supplies, life essentials, 610 00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:21,200 Speaker 1: and of course weapons. 611 00:34:21,800 --> 00:34:24,400 Speaker 2: Don't tell anyone, gotta have those space guns. 612 00:34:25,160 --> 00:34:26,239 Speaker 1: Gotta have your space guns. 613 00:34:26,360 --> 00:34:30,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, honestly, what they didn't have lasers. You know, 614 00:34:30,480 --> 00:34:34,600 Speaker 2: they were really developing guns they could fire in space, 615 00:34:34,640 --> 00:34:37,759 Speaker 2: as we learned in another episode. Yes, there was a 616 00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:41,080 Speaker 2: pistol right on board with the Apollo program. 617 00:34:41,600 --> 00:34:44,520 Speaker 1: Yeah, there was a pistol with the Apollo program with 618 00:34:44,560 --> 00:34:48,200 Speaker 1: the lander, yes, right, just in case. Yeah, and I 619 00:34:48,200 --> 00:34:51,520 Speaker 1: think cosmonauts had something like that too, if they landed 620 00:34:51,520 --> 00:34:53,960 Speaker 1: in territory where they might be attacked by wildlife. 621 00:34:54,120 --> 00:34:56,279 Speaker 2: Oh so it was really about coming back to Earth. 622 00:34:56,440 --> 00:34:58,319 Speaker 1: It was about coming back. It was about coming back. 623 00:34:58,360 --> 00:35:00,960 Speaker 1: But they knew they would have to have some of weapon, 624 00:35:01,080 --> 00:35:05,080 Speaker 1: if not a projectile weapon, they would have to invent something. 625 00:35:05,560 --> 00:35:08,400 Speaker 2: That's a big wink there by the way, just for me, 626 00:35:10,160 --> 00:35:12,560 Speaker 2: that was in case there were aliens. I'm just saying, yes. 627 00:35:12,719 --> 00:35:18,320 Speaker 1: Yes, they had two types of surface vehicles. One was lifting, digging, scraping, 628 00:35:18,360 --> 00:35:21,080 Speaker 1: because naturally you would end up mining, right for long 629 00:35:21,160 --> 00:35:25,000 Speaker 1: term viability, in other words, for extended distance trips, a 630 00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:31,600 Speaker 1: little lunar road trip, you know, hauling reconnaissance, rescue, maybe 631 00:35:31,600 --> 00:35:33,880 Speaker 1: a great sound system, who knows. 632 00:35:34,800 --> 00:35:36,959 Speaker 2: Just playing music across the whole of the Moon. 633 00:35:37,800 --> 00:35:41,240 Speaker 1: And they had this mapped out in phases as you said, 634 00:35:41,480 --> 00:35:44,759 Speaker 1: at the conclusion of the construction phase, the original camp 635 00:35:44,880 --> 00:35:49,560 Speaker 1: quarters would be converted into a laboratory and the basic 636 00:35:49,600 --> 00:35:53,200 Speaker 1: outpost just to get the basic stuff that we've already 637 00:35:53,200 --> 00:35:57,760 Speaker 1: talked about, would need about one hundred and fifty launches, 638 00:35:58,280 --> 00:35:59,800 Speaker 1: specifically Saturn rockets. 639 00:36:00,080 --> 00:36:03,440 Speaker 2: One hundred and fifty launches. 640 00:36:03,600 --> 00:36:04,480 Speaker 1: Didn't quite get there. 641 00:36:05,080 --> 00:36:08,160 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's so many. And you know, we were talking 642 00:36:08,200 --> 00:36:10,359 Speaker 2: with Marshall on our Mars. 643 00:36:10,080 --> 00:36:11,880 Speaker 1: Episode Marshall Brain Yes. 644 00:36:12,320 --> 00:36:15,040 Speaker 2: About how many trips it would essentially take to get 645 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:17,600 Speaker 2: all the equipment and personnel out there, and it was 646 00:36:17,640 --> 00:36:21,640 Speaker 2: a lot. But the simple proposition of saying we need 647 00:36:21,680 --> 00:36:24,719 Speaker 2: to launch rockets, they cost x amount of dollars one 648 00:36:24,800 --> 00:36:28,200 Speaker 2: hundred and fifty times in order to establish this moon base. 649 00:36:28,480 --> 00:36:29,720 Speaker 2: Hm wow. 650 00:36:29,960 --> 00:36:35,400 Speaker 1: And then also another sixty four launches every year to 651 00:36:35,480 --> 00:36:38,840 Speaker 1: keep it supplied and to rotate crew members back and forth. 652 00:36:38,920 --> 00:36:41,759 Speaker 1: So the idea was that in a perfect world, that 653 00:36:41,840 --> 00:36:46,920 Speaker 1: people wouldn't be spending their entire lives keeping nuclear weapons 654 00:36:46,920 --> 00:36:48,000 Speaker 1: at the ready on the moon. 655 00:36:48,840 --> 00:36:49,400 Speaker 2: Yeah. 656 00:36:49,880 --> 00:36:50,400 Speaker 3: Yikes. 657 00:36:51,440 --> 00:36:55,239 Speaker 1: See that's the tenuous script. Though we managed as a 658 00:36:55,280 --> 00:37:00,239 Speaker 1: species to officially do this kind of trip all only 659 00:37:00,360 --> 00:37:06,000 Speaker 1: six times, yes, ever with a tiny crew and in 660 00:37:06,040 --> 00:37:09,880 Speaker 1: the post World War two economic boom of the US 661 00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:13,680 Speaker 1: getting people to the moon. Now, like, what happens if 662 00:37:13,719 --> 00:37:16,320 Speaker 1: you're on the moon and nuclear war breaks out in 663 00:37:16,360 --> 00:37:20,440 Speaker 1: the US or you know, in the world entire right, Yeah, 664 00:37:20,480 --> 00:37:24,279 Speaker 1: what do you do? I guess you start counting how 665 00:37:24,280 --> 00:37:27,080 Speaker 1: many days or months worth of food you have left? 666 00:37:27,239 --> 00:37:30,160 Speaker 2: Yeah. Yeah, Well, in this case, you're talking about ten 667 00:37:30,200 --> 00:37:32,480 Speaker 2: to twenty personnel that they wanted to have in this 668 00:37:32,600 --> 00:37:35,600 Speaker 2: base at any time, and that's a minimum. They wanted 669 00:37:35,640 --> 00:37:38,960 Speaker 2: a minimum of ten to twenty personnel to run this thing. 670 00:37:41,200 --> 00:37:41,680 Speaker 2: I don't know. 671 00:37:42,280 --> 00:37:45,680 Speaker 1: They also started game planning how to survive on the 672 00:37:45,719 --> 00:37:50,160 Speaker 1: ground attacks from Soviet forces. Yeah. They wanted to surround 673 00:37:50,320 --> 00:37:53,640 Speaker 1: this thing with claymore minds that would poke holes and 674 00:37:53,640 --> 00:37:54,400 Speaker 1: pressure suits. 675 00:37:55,120 --> 00:37:56,280 Speaker 3: Yeah, that sounds scary. 676 00:37:56,719 --> 00:37:59,840 Speaker 1: They also wanted to have the give the inhabitants small 677 00:38:00,080 --> 00:38:04,279 Speaker 1: sub kiloton nuclear weapons similar to things that were used 678 00:38:04,320 --> 00:38:08,840 Speaker 1: in anti tank weapons called Davy crocketts, that were already existed. 679 00:38:08,880 --> 00:38:11,520 Speaker 1: They were already in play, and the idea was that 680 00:38:11,560 --> 00:38:14,360 Speaker 1: they could use these to blow up Soviet moon tanks. 681 00:38:14,719 --> 00:38:19,040 Speaker 2: Yeah. So they add anti personnel tactics to defend, also 682 00:38:19,600 --> 00:38:24,480 Speaker 2: anti vehicle tactics and you know, they're really again like 683 00:38:24,960 --> 00:38:32,640 Speaker 2: it's this, it's this conceptual thinking of war on the Moon. 684 00:38:32,680 --> 00:38:36,279 Speaker 2: That's really what they're imagining. They're using it for, you know, 685 00:38:36,360 --> 00:38:39,160 Speaker 2: or at least they're imagining it as a as a 686 00:38:39,200 --> 00:38:42,840 Speaker 2: weapon in itself, this moon base, but as well as 687 00:38:43,920 --> 00:38:47,279 Speaker 2: treating it like a military outpost. It's so odd to me, 688 00:38:47,640 --> 00:38:49,360 Speaker 2: but I guess it makes complete sense. 689 00:38:49,800 --> 00:38:52,720 Speaker 1: And of course speculation runs rife with this. They're planning 690 00:38:52,800 --> 00:38:57,319 Speaker 1: anti personnel weaponry and they say it's for the Soviet army, 691 00:38:57,360 --> 00:38:59,480 Speaker 1: but the Soviet Army, as far as they know, doesn't 692 00:38:59,480 --> 00:39:01,960 Speaker 1: have the teche technology to do this. So going back 693 00:39:01,960 --> 00:39:04,640 Speaker 1: to your question, Matt, who are they really planning to 694 00:39:04,719 --> 00:39:07,000 Speaker 1: defend themselves against. It's a great unknown. 695 00:39:07,320 --> 00:39:08,600 Speaker 2: And so those moon rocks. 696 00:39:09,880 --> 00:39:12,479 Speaker 1: I have sound gardens. The entire time I was working 697 00:39:12,480 --> 00:39:15,200 Speaker 1: on I said, sound gardens, spoon Man sucking mahapo is 698 00:39:15,280 --> 00:39:18,480 Speaker 1: moon man, and I think it would be a worthwhile parody. 699 00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:22,400 Speaker 2: Is it? Spoonman with your hands? 700 00:39:23,239 --> 00:39:27,839 Speaker 1: Spoon man moon man? Huh? Yep? 701 00:39:27,960 --> 00:39:28,720 Speaker 2: Yet yep? 702 00:39:29,440 --> 00:39:32,960 Speaker 1: And we're suit no, no, I'll write the lyrics. It's 703 00:39:33,120 --> 00:39:35,440 Speaker 1: fair use is as a parody if we write the 704 00:39:35,480 --> 00:39:38,959 Speaker 1: whole thing, which I'm fine doing uh the so let's 705 00:39:39,000 --> 00:39:42,239 Speaker 1: talk Turkey. Let's talk space Turkey, nuclear space Turkey. How 706 00:39:42,320 --> 00:39:43,960 Speaker 1: much did this? How much would this cost? 707 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:47,520 Speaker 3: Actually, so, the total cost for the basic structure of 708 00:39:47,520 --> 00:39:51,840 Speaker 3: the study concluded would run in the neighborhood of six 709 00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:56,600 Speaker 3: billion dollars. That's in modern dollars, roughly seven hundred mili 710 00:39:57,000 --> 00:39:59,759 Speaker 3: per year. The study also made a note that this 711 00:39:59,880 --> 00:40:02,360 Speaker 3: was not much more than the US was already spending 712 00:40:02,360 --> 00:40:03,760 Speaker 3: on its nuclear missiles program. 713 00:40:03,800 --> 00:40:07,200 Speaker 2: So it's a win win, And I'm calling bs on 714 00:40:07,320 --> 00:40:11,160 Speaker 2: those calculated numbers from nineteen fifty eight. I think it's 715 00:40:11,200 --> 00:40:12,879 Speaker 2: easily three or four times that. 716 00:40:13,200 --> 00:40:16,919 Speaker 1: Easily easily. I mean you get private companies involved. It's 717 00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:20,400 Speaker 1: this tale as old as time. You know, this is 718 00:40:20,440 --> 00:40:22,719 Speaker 1: the land of three hundred dollars hammers. 719 00:40:23,120 --> 00:40:25,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, how wait, what was the estimate? I know, I 720 00:40:25,960 --> 00:40:28,120 Speaker 2: figured you might know this, at least the ballpark estimate 721 00:40:28,200 --> 00:40:31,360 Speaker 2: of building the wall like that, that whole thing. I 722 00:40:31,360 --> 00:40:34,320 Speaker 2: think it was in the like tens of billions of dollars, 723 00:40:34,360 --> 00:40:37,440 Speaker 2: right like forty It was something crazy twitch wall the 724 00:40:38,040 --> 00:40:41,759 Speaker 2: border wall. During the twenty sixteen election, there were a 725 00:40:41,760 --> 00:40:44,640 Speaker 2: bunch of estimates that occurred back around there around that time. 726 00:40:44,880 --> 00:40:49,080 Speaker 2: And if you're just imagining building essentially concrete and rebar 727 00:40:49,360 --> 00:40:52,080 Speaker 2: structure or you know, whatever material it's built out of 728 00:40:52,239 --> 00:40:55,279 Speaker 2: on Earth on Earth, now you're going to build a 729 00:40:55,360 --> 00:40:59,879 Speaker 2: structure on the Moon, even with today's rocket technology. 730 00:41:01,040 --> 00:41:07,400 Speaker 1: Wow, So here's the question, did they really build it? 731 00:41:07,480 --> 00:41:10,560 Speaker 1: They be in the US? Is that the stuff they 732 00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:13,279 Speaker 1: don't want you to know? In the end, it looks 733 00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:18,719 Speaker 1: like the same international politics that inspired Project Arise and 734 00:41:18,880 --> 00:41:23,680 Speaker 1: also led to its early death. Neither President Eisenhower nor 735 00:41:23,800 --> 00:41:27,520 Speaker 1: Soviet Premier Khrushchev wanted to spend tons and tons of 736 00:41:27,520 --> 00:41:30,319 Speaker 1: money for a new arms race and outer space where 737 00:41:30,320 --> 00:41:35,840 Speaker 1: there was already so busy waging multiple proxy wars on Earth. 738 00:41:36,280 --> 00:41:41,840 Speaker 1: So they started negotiating treaties and agreements, reaching the consensus 739 00:41:41,880 --> 00:41:45,560 Speaker 1: that stands today, at least officially, which is there shall 740 00:41:45,600 --> 00:41:49,280 Speaker 1: be no nuclear weapons in space. No nation can claim 741 00:41:49,360 --> 00:41:54,400 Speaker 1: a celestial body as its national territory. We will see 742 00:41:54,400 --> 00:41:56,920 Speaker 1: how long that holds. We'll see how long that is 743 00:41:56,960 --> 00:42:00,840 Speaker 1: the case. As far as we know now, there is 744 00:42:00,920 --> 00:42:07,239 Speaker 1: no permanent base, no permanent crude base on the lunar surface. Again, 745 00:42:07,320 --> 00:42:10,799 Speaker 1: as far as we know, horizon never progressed past the 746 00:42:10,800 --> 00:42:16,880 Speaker 1: feasibility stage, Eisenhower rejected it, and the primary responsibility for 747 00:42:16,920 --> 00:42:20,040 Speaker 1: America Space program was transferred to NASA, which is of 748 00:42:20,040 --> 00:42:24,399 Speaker 1: course a civilian agency. While there may not be any 749 00:42:24,480 --> 00:42:28,960 Speaker 1: current proof of a permanent nuclear base today, recently leaked 750 00:42:29,120 --> 00:42:33,400 Speaker 1: documents reveal that, no matter what was said at the time, 751 00:42:34,360 --> 00:42:39,400 Speaker 1: the US government Uncle Sam never ever stopped thinking about 752 00:42:39,719 --> 00:42:43,839 Speaker 1: building a Moon base. Secretly, when the microphones are off 753 00:42:44,760 --> 00:42:47,719 Speaker 1: and things are closed at the Pentagon and people are 754 00:42:47,760 --> 00:42:54,240 Speaker 1: just hanging out secretly, the US still very much wants 755 00:42:54,280 --> 00:42:57,839 Speaker 1: to build a base on the Moon, and furthermore, is 756 00:42:57,960 --> 00:43:01,640 Speaker 1: planning to do so. They're worried now that new players 757 00:43:01,680 --> 00:43:02,359 Speaker 1: have entered the. 758 00:43:02,320 --> 00:43:05,520 Speaker 2: Game, and that's what brings us to a little thing 759 00:43:06,360 --> 00:43:12,080 Speaker 2: called Project Artemis, right, yes, or just Artemis. Let's just 760 00:43:12,120 --> 00:43:13,080 Speaker 2: go Artemis. 761 00:43:13,480 --> 00:43:18,320 Speaker 1: So the Greek god Apollo, for whom NASA's Apollo program 762 00:43:18,400 --> 00:43:23,040 Speaker 1: was named Apollo had a twin sister named Artemis, and 763 00:43:23,160 --> 00:43:25,719 Speaker 1: NASA's pitch on this is that this will be the 764 00:43:25,760 --> 00:43:29,240 Speaker 1: banner under which humans return to the Moon. The Artemis 765 00:43:29,239 --> 00:43:32,719 Speaker 1: program was unveiled by NASA in mid May, and the 766 00:43:32,760 --> 00:43:36,000 Speaker 1: ideas that will put astronauts on the lunar surface in 767 00:43:36,080 --> 00:43:43,480 Speaker 1: twenty twenty four. Preparations have already begun, but the problem 768 00:43:43,719 --> 00:43:48,000 Speaker 1: is we don't know how certain how we don't know 769 00:43:48,040 --> 00:43:50,840 Speaker 1: how certain it is that this will actually come to pass. 770 00:43:51,560 --> 00:43:55,680 Speaker 1: So NASA is setting the maiden flight of its space 771 00:43:55,800 --> 00:43:59,279 Speaker 1: launch system for next year twenty twenty. As we record this. 772 00:44:00,000 --> 00:44:02,880 Speaker 1: It's a giant booster, it's taller in a thirty story building. 773 00:44:03,320 --> 00:44:08,160 Speaker 1: It'll blast a crew capsule called Oryan on an uncrewede 774 00:44:08,200 --> 00:44:10,600 Speaker 1: mission to the Moon and back. They're doing a dry run, 775 00:44:11,320 --> 00:44:13,480 Speaker 1: and then in twenty twenty two they will have a 776 00:44:13,520 --> 00:44:16,200 Speaker 1: test with up to four astronauts, and then after that 777 00:44:16,200 --> 00:44:19,760 Speaker 1: they'll construct a small space station orbiting around the Moon, 778 00:44:20,480 --> 00:44:23,359 Speaker 1: and then they'll dock a lunar lander in twenty twenty four, 779 00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:27,400 Speaker 1: assuming the world hasn't burned down by then, And then 780 00:44:27,880 --> 00:44:30,600 Speaker 1: that same year, in twenty twenty four, the four astronauts 781 00:44:30,680 --> 00:44:33,239 Speaker 1: fly in the rancapsule to the station, get on board 782 00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:36,440 Speaker 1: the lander, descend to the lunar surface. 783 00:44:36,760 --> 00:44:39,280 Speaker 2: And then for the next three three to four years 784 00:44:39,400 --> 00:44:42,560 Speaker 2: they continue to do that, and then they're really building 785 00:44:42,560 --> 00:44:45,800 Speaker 2: a base. And one of the biggest problems the issues 786 00:44:46,760 --> 00:44:49,960 Speaker 2: as tends to happen with space exploration, and I would 787 00:44:49,960 --> 00:44:54,040 Speaker 2: say with NASA budgets in general, is this thing that 788 00:44:54,080 --> 00:44:56,359 Speaker 2: we call sticker shock. It's you know, we have all 789 00:44:56,400 --> 00:44:59,120 Speaker 2: these aspirations to do these incredible things, but the moment 790 00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:03,319 Speaker 2: that we realize exactly how much it's going to cost, everybody, 791 00:45:03,360 --> 00:45:07,520 Speaker 2: and especially Congress because you've got elected officials, you know, 792 00:45:07,640 --> 00:45:11,279 Speaker 2: in the House of Representatives, the Senate, they see that 793 00:45:11,360 --> 00:45:13,880 Speaker 2: kind of thing and they think, well, how are we 794 00:45:13,920 --> 00:45:16,719 Speaker 2: going to convince the American people that this is worth it? 795 00:45:16,960 --> 00:45:19,680 Speaker 3: Well, even run into that with a podcast sometimes, you. 796 00:45:19,560 --> 00:45:22,799 Speaker 2: Know, certainly with everything because it is you really have 797 00:45:22,880 --> 00:45:27,080 Speaker 2: to take it into consideration. In this case, I guess 798 00:45:27,160 --> 00:45:30,439 Speaker 2: the biggest pro con thing that you put up there 799 00:45:30,600 --> 00:45:33,440 Speaker 2: is if it does cost this much, we have to 800 00:45:33,480 --> 00:45:37,520 Speaker 2: be at least achieving something that is worthwhile for us, 801 00:45:38,000 --> 00:45:42,480 Speaker 2: both as investors and as a species. And sometimes it's 802 00:45:42,560 --> 00:45:43,160 Speaker 2: tough to see that. 803 00:45:44,080 --> 00:45:47,800 Speaker 1: Right. And then there's that argument about private versus public 804 00:45:47,800 --> 00:45:49,320 Speaker 1: ability or infrastructure. 805 00:45:49,960 --> 00:45:50,080 Speaker 2: Right. 806 00:45:50,200 --> 00:45:52,920 Speaker 1: We know that there are a lot of private companies 807 00:45:52,920 --> 00:45:57,080 Speaker 1: who have taken up the flag of state supported space 808 00:45:57,160 --> 00:46:01,520 Speaker 1: exploration agencies and they're making they're making some serious progress, 809 00:46:02,080 --> 00:46:05,040 Speaker 1: but do they have enough hef to to get to 810 00:46:05,200 --> 00:46:08,960 Speaker 1: the moon. Yeah, you know, that's a tough one, it 811 00:46:09,080 --> 00:46:09,480 Speaker 1: really is. 812 00:46:09,520 --> 00:46:11,080 Speaker 2: And let's just get back to that price that we 813 00:46:11,120 --> 00:46:14,840 Speaker 2: talked about with Project Horizon, that initial estimate from nineteen 814 00:46:14,880 --> 00:46:18,200 Speaker 2: fifty eight saying that it would cost in what is 815 00:46:18,239 --> 00:46:21,879 Speaker 2: nowadays now dollars, the entire program was going to cost 816 00:46:21,880 --> 00:46:25,160 Speaker 2: around six billion dollars roughly seven hundred million a year. 817 00:46:25,400 --> 00:46:27,640 Speaker 2: No way throughout the life of the project, there's no way, 818 00:46:27,640 --> 00:46:30,720 Speaker 2: but that was the estimate, right, Yeah. So we're looking 819 00:46:30,800 --> 00:46:34,960 Speaker 2: at an ARS Technica article where they're they're citing sources 820 00:46:35,360 --> 00:46:38,239 Speaker 2: that have told them that the internal projected cost is 821 00:46:38,719 --> 00:46:43,600 Speaker 2: six to eight billion dollars per year rather than per 822 00:46:43,680 --> 00:46:46,800 Speaker 2: the life. Because we're talking about a project that spans 823 00:46:46,840 --> 00:46:52,239 Speaker 2: from today twenty nineteen until twenty twenty eight, that's a 824 00:46:52,239 --> 00:46:56,040 Speaker 2: lot of money. And that's on top of the already 825 00:46:56,080 --> 00:46:59,200 Speaker 2: existing budget that NASA works with, which is twenty billion 826 00:46:59,239 --> 00:47:04,800 Speaker 2: dollars a year, right right, which again they have problems 827 00:47:04,880 --> 00:47:06,919 Speaker 2: getting funding for that a lot of the time. 828 00:47:07,080 --> 00:47:10,160 Speaker 1: So let's be clear about that. According to the internal estimates, 829 00:47:10,239 --> 00:47:13,319 Speaker 1: the cost of the Artemis project is not six to 830 00:47:13,360 --> 00:47:16,799 Speaker 1: eight billion a year, it's twenty six to twenty eight 831 00:47:16,840 --> 00:47:17,800 Speaker 1: billion a year. 832 00:47:17,719 --> 00:47:20,680 Speaker 2: Which is which is because of the NASA budget which is. 833 00:47:20,719 --> 00:47:21,680 Speaker 3: Twenty got it. 834 00:47:22,000 --> 00:47:26,440 Speaker 1: Yeah, so it's it's sticker shock for sure. The question 835 00:47:26,640 --> 00:47:31,480 Speaker 1: is if it's worth it. If there is a possibility 836 00:47:31,520 --> 00:47:37,920 Speaker 1: of building a sustainable lunar colony of any sort, then 837 00:47:38,000 --> 00:47:41,080 Speaker 1: there is. There's literally no price you can put on it. 838 00:47:41,440 --> 00:47:46,960 Speaker 1: There is no way to equate in numbers. No more 839 00:47:47,000 --> 00:47:50,320 Speaker 1: capitalistic people hate this idea that some things can't be bought, 840 00:47:50,360 --> 00:47:53,319 Speaker 1: but there is no way to equate with numbers the 841 00:47:53,600 --> 00:47:59,160 Speaker 1: value of having a second franchise of humanity just in case, 842 00:48:00,280 --> 00:48:04,640 Speaker 1: just in case, or in many cases, but arguably just 843 00:48:04,760 --> 00:48:08,319 Speaker 1: before the old house burns down, you know what I mean. 844 00:48:08,400 --> 00:48:10,760 Speaker 1: And I'm not saying that. I'm not saying that Earth 845 00:48:10,920 --> 00:48:13,640 Speaker 1: is doomed, but I am saying it is good to 846 00:48:13,680 --> 00:48:14,759 Speaker 1: have some insurance. 847 00:48:15,239 --> 00:48:19,400 Speaker 2: We're not doing a real great job at making sure 848 00:48:19,440 --> 00:48:21,720 Speaker 2: we try and keep everything running swell. 849 00:48:21,800 --> 00:48:27,200 Speaker 1: Sure here, that's true. We're also we're also pretty in 850 00:48:27,239 --> 00:48:32,960 Speaker 1: the dark still about how people would how a human 851 00:48:33,000 --> 00:48:37,880 Speaker 1: population would reproduce and grow in a lunar environment. The 852 00:48:38,719 --> 00:48:41,439 Speaker 1: gravity is so much lower, you're exposed to a ton 853 00:48:41,480 --> 00:48:46,720 Speaker 1: of radiation. We don't know. We've never seen a child 854 00:48:47,000 --> 00:48:51,359 Speaker 1: created and born on the Moon. There are a lot 855 00:48:51,400 --> 00:48:55,239 Speaker 1: of unknowns, and twenty six to twenty eight billion dollars 856 00:48:55,840 --> 00:48:59,520 Speaker 1: is a high price to pay for. For ex I mean, 857 00:48:59,560 --> 00:49:01,239 Speaker 1: what if we what if we do all this? What 858 00:49:01,280 --> 00:49:04,040 Speaker 1: if our species does all this and it turns out that, 859 00:49:04,120 --> 00:49:07,839 Speaker 1: for one unforeseen reason or another, it is completely impossible 860 00:49:07,880 --> 00:49:08,920 Speaker 1: for people to live. 861 00:49:08,760 --> 00:49:09,200 Speaker 3: On the moon. 862 00:49:10,040 --> 00:49:14,719 Speaker 2: Can we just just to that point ben of how 863 00:49:15,040 --> 00:49:17,319 Speaker 2: long people would need to be on the Moon to 864 00:49:17,320 --> 00:49:20,560 Speaker 2: really understand having a child there, you know, having generations 865 00:49:20,840 --> 00:49:23,400 Speaker 2: who live on the Moon for at least an extended 866 00:49:23,400 --> 00:49:27,440 Speaker 2: period of time. Let's just talk about the length that 867 00:49:27,520 --> 00:49:31,680 Speaker 2: the crew of Apollo seventeen, the final Apollo mission, actually 868 00:49:31,760 --> 00:49:35,640 Speaker 2: stayed on the Moon at one time. How long was 869 00:49:35,680 --> 00:49:39,880 Speaker 2: it seventy four hours, fifty nine minutes, thirty eight seconds. 870 00:49:40,239 --> 00:49:43,480 Speaker 2: That is the longest amount of time anyone has spent 871 00:49:43,640 --> 00:49:44,200 Speaker 2: on the Moon. 872 00:49:44,520 --> 00:49:48,400 Speaker 1: So we're basing it, That's what we're basing it on 873 00:49:48,920 --> 00:49:53,000 Speaker 1: a crazy weekend on the Moon. It's like when someone 874 00:49:53,040 --> 00:49:55,480 Speaker 1: goes to Las Vegas for a weekend and they say, 875 00:49:55,520 --> 00:49:57,080 Speaker 1: I love it here, I want to live here. 876 00:49:57,239 --> 00:50:00,520 Speaker 2: Yeah. Well, albeit that's with suits and technol from the 877 00:50:00,560 --> 00:50:05,719 Speaker 2: late sixties and early seventies. But still I don't know. 878 00:50:06,239 --> 00:50:09,040 Speaker 2: Is the human body how well is it going to 879 00:50:09,120 --> 00:50:11,680 Speaker 2: do for months at a time if you've got a 880 00:50:11,840 --> 00:50:13,520 Speaker 2: you know, a stint on the moon. 881 00:50:13,719 --> 00:50:17,120 Speaker 1: The human body is custom made for a very specific environment. 882 00:50:17,160 --> 00:50:19,520 Speaker 1: That's a problem. And when you first said that was 883 00:50:19,560 --> 00:50:21,680 Speaker 1: with the suits and technologies at the time, I thought 884 00:50:21,680 --> 00:50:23,240 Speaker 1: we were still talking about Vegas. 885 00:50:24,480 --> 00:50:26,560 Speaker 3: Gotcha, we've been through this before, I think. But you 886 00:50:26,680 --> 00:50:31,400 Speaker 3: too would both be game for a moon stint, right, Yes, I. 887 00:50:32,800 --> 00:50:35,640 Speaker 2: It's the calculus is a little different now that I 888 00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:38,719 Speaker 2: have wife and son. But I think if he was 889 00:50:38,719 --> 00:50:42,359 Speaker 2: a game, my wife was game, we would do a 890 00:50:42,400 --> 00:50:44,880 Speaker 2: family lunar mission, a moon stint. 891 00:50:45,160 --> 00:50:47,239 Speaker 1: Yeah, you have the first moon Boy. 892 00:50:47,560 --> 00:50:51,120 Speaker 2: That's right, moon Boy writer, you're gonna do this. 893 00:50:51,440 --> 00:50:55,360 Speaker 1: Moon Boy is also an obscure Marvel Comics character, so. 894 00:50:55,320 --> 00:50:59,319 Speaker 2: Oh TM writer, Sorry, we can't use that to get 895 00:50:59,320 --> 00:50:59,959 Speaker 2: a different one. 896 00:51:00,480 --> 00:51:02,200 Speaker 3: He can be a little moon rock. 897 00:51:03,320 --> 00:51:04,240 Speaker 1: That's not bad. 898 00:51:04,400 --> 00:51:05,080 Speaker 2: Done, all right? 899 00:51:05,120 --> 00:51:08,200 Speaker 3: Cool. I don't know that i'd do it just for fun. 900 00:51:08,560 --> 00:51:10,359 Speaker 3: If we were living in sort of a scorch Darth 901 00:51:10,400 --> 00:51:13,480 Speaker 3: Poke post apocalyptic situation, I think I would give it 902 00:51:13,480 --> 00:51:15,959 Speaker 3: a go. But I don't think I would just do it. 903 00:51:15,880 --> 00:51:21,479 Speaker 1: You know, for kicks, and that's our classic episode for 904 00:51:21,760 --> 00:51:24,160 Speaker 1: this evening. We can't wait to hear your thoughts. 905 00:51:24,160 --> 00:51:25,480 Speaker 3: It's right let us know what you think. 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