WEBVTT - How Schizophrenia Works 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:02.920 Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. 0:00:03.160 --> 0:00:07.560 It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you should know 0:00:08.160 --> 0:00:16.360 from house Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to 0:00:16.400 --> 0:00:19.599 the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. With me is always Charles W. 0:00:19.800 --> 0:00:25.840 Chucker's Chuck Chuck Tran Chuck Luck. Right, How are you good? 0:00:26.040 --> 0:00:29.720 I'm great. I'm going to see Bob Dylan tonight. People 0:00:29.760 --> 0:00:31.360 are gonna be like, I mean times, is Bob Dylan 0:00:31.400 --> 0:00:35.520 playing Atlanta? Have you ever seen David Bowie? It's good? 0:00:36.040 --> 0:00:39.040 I have not. Um, Yes, you are, Chuck. I know 0:00:39.159 --> 0:00:41.400 you're very excited. I am. I've seen him a few times, 0:00:41.479 --> 0:00:45.640 but it's always good. Really yeah? Too short? Though he 0:00:45.760 --> 0:00:47.639 buzz us through like fifteen songs. He's out of there? 0:00:48.080 --> 0:00:50.839 Is he short? Oh? Well he's also short? But yea 0:00:50.960 --> 0:00:53.360 is he really? I was just kidding. No, he's short. 0:00:53.720 --> 0:00:57.080 I guess those um Bell bottomed long pants that he 0:00:57.120 --> 0:01:00.639 wore in the sixties on his album Like Bell made 0:01:00.720 --> 0:01:05.959 him look kind of tall. Um. Alright, So enough about 0:01:05.959 --> 0:01:09.039 Bob Dylan for the second time. Not a big Dylan 0:01:09.120 --> 0:01:15.320 fan myself. Um, let's talk about schizophrenia instead. OK. So 0:01:15.360 --> 0:01:18.480 I was looking for an intro for this, and I 0:01:18.480 --> 0:01:20.440 mean there's plenty of stuff, but it's all like pretty 0:01:20.480 --> 0:01:24.240 you know, research heavy. Astra Zeneca was marketing serre quil 0:01:24.680 --> 0:01:29.120 off label and just settled. Um, let's see what else 0:01:29.720 --> 0:01:33.319 Jared Lofner is being medicated against as well. The guy 0:01:33.319 --> 0:01:38.480 who shot Gabrielle Gifford's okay, really yes, he's he's been 0:01:38.520 --> 0:01:44.800 diagnosed as schizophrenic. Um. Finally uh and then um, there 0:01:44.880 --> 0:01:48.000 was a homeless man in Los Angeles who was beaten 0:01:48.000 --> 0:01:53.600 to death by the police yesterday or today. Um, and 0:01:53.800 --> 0:01:56.200 all of this is kind of I realized like there 0:01:56.240 --> 0:01:58.280 wasn't any one thing that I was like, well, here's 0:01:58.280 --> 0:02:00.640 the intro. But I realized like all of it together 0:02:01.120 --> 0:02:05.800 gives a pretty good overview of you know, schizophrenia as 0:02:05.800 --> 0:02:12.559 it stands right now, which is it's misunderstood, it's heavily prescribed, underfunded, 0:02:13.200 --> 0:02:16.680 and um yeah, and there's a lot of people out 0:02:16.760 --> 0:02:22.520 there who aren't necessarily getting help who need it. Yeah. 0:02:22.600 --> 0:02:23.959 In fact, I got a stat if you want to 0:02:23.960 --> 0:02:25.640 go ahead and go there. You got a bunch of 0:02:25.639 --> 0:02:28.720 stats you said for this, right, I do. Um, if 0:02:28.720 --> 0:02:30.880 you want to talk about people getting help and and 0:02:31.600 --> 0:02:35.120 or needing help and not getting it. Uh, six percent 0:02:35.280 --> 0:02:38.960 of six schizophrenics are homeless. Yeah, six percent are in 0:02:39.040 --> 0:02:43.160 jail or prison, ten percent in nursing homes with a 0:02:43.200 --> 0:02:49.160 family member, or independently living supervise housing. So and and 0:02:49.200 --> 0:02:52.120 it makes sense, Chuck to that. These makes sense because 0:02:52.440 --> 0:02:54.720 first of all, you have all of this crazy stuff 0:02:54.760 --> 0:02:58.079 going on to you. That's your reality. So you're having 0:02:58.120 --> 0:03:03.760 trouble dealing with reality as it stands. Um. It's Secondly, 0:03:04.040 --> 0:03:07.480 a lot of times schizophrenia comes on um during times 0:03:07.520 --> 0:03:09.720 when you learn how to hold down a job or 0:03:09.919 --> 0:03:13.000 take care of yourself or do whatever. So you might 0:03:13.080 --> 0:03:16.360 never learn how to do this because you're dealing with 0:03:16.360 --> 0:03:20.600 your schizophrenia. Here's the shocking one. At any given moment, 0:03:20.639 --> 0:03:24.520 there are more people with untreated severe psychiatric illnesses living 0:03:24.520 --> 0:03:27.720 on the streets than there are receiving care. They outweigh 0:03:27.760 --> 0:03:30.360 that people that are actually getting help. That's that is 0:03:30.400 --> 0:03:35.520 shocking but not surprising. Somehow agreed. Wow, So you said, 0:03:35.640 --> 0:03:39.240 what was that last one? Severe psychiatric illnesses. That's an 0:03:39.320 --> 0:03:44.080 umbrella term. Obviously schizophrenia falls in under that for sure, 0:03:44.680 --> 0:03:48.760 But prior to the beginning of the twentieth century, it 0:03:48.880 --> 0:03:53.920 was pretty much thought of as generalized illness, like the 0:03:54.080 --> 0:03:56.920 mental illness was mental illness, and maybe there is a symptom. 0:03:57.800 --> 0:04:00.200 Your symptoms were different, but really you're men to the 0:04:00.280 --> 0:04:03.240 ill which was a huge step up from the spirit 0:04:03.240 --> 0:04:07.320 possession that had you know, it had previously been ascribed 0:04:07.360 --> 0:04:11.520 to or millions of years. Yeah, um, so it was. 0:04:12.160 --> 0:04:15.680 It's a fairly recently classified mental illness. It wasn't until 0:04:15.720 --> 0:04:22.160 eight that um a German psychiatrist named Emil Crapelin classified 0:04:22.200 --> 0:04:26.680 schizophrenia as a mental illness and uh he missed classified 0:04:26.720 --> 0:04:30.480 it as a form of dementia early and early type 0:04:30.520 --> 0:04:34.000 of dementia. And then in nineteen eleven a Swiss psychiatrist 0:04:34.560 --> 0:04:39.760 named Yugen Bleuler came up with the name schizophrenia. That's right, Josh, 0:04:39.839 --> 0:04:42.880 And he uh got that word from the Greek words 0:04:42.920 --> 0:04:47.360 for split in mind, which contribute somewhat to the misconception 0:04:47.400 --> 0:04:51.000 that it is a split personality disorder. But what he 0:04:51.040 --> 0:04:54.800 meant was there's a disconnect with reality, right, the mind 0:04:54.880 --> 0:04:58.480 splits from reality, which today we still that's how you 0:04:58.520 --> 0:05:02.120 still perceive um schizophrenia, but rather than split, we use 0:05:02.200 --> 0:05:04.320 the word break. There's a psychotic break. Yeah, and we 0:05:04.320 --> 0:05:06.359 should go ahead and just uh, since that is a 0:05:06.360 --> 0:05:10.640 common misconception. It is entirely different than split personality disorder, 0:05:10.680 --> 0:05:15.120 which they call disassociative identity disorder. Now, and if you 0:05:15.240 --> 0:05:17.240 know the movie the show The United States of Terra, 0:05:17.320 --> 0:05:18.839 have you seen that? No, I know what you're talking 0:05:18.839 --> 0:05:23.320 about though with Toni Collette, she is has split personality 0:05:23.360 --> 0:05:25.040 disorder on that show. And that's the one that you 0:05:25.200 --> 0:05:28.240 always seen in the movies where you have multiple personalities 0:05:28.279 --> 0:05:31.039 and they don't know about each other and one dominates 0:05:31.040 --> 0:05:33.599 the other. And uh, and then what all about Eve 0:05:33.800 --> 0:05:38.240 was about? I never saw that Sybil civil Yeah for sure, 0:05:39.000 --> 0:05:41.560 but it's not schizophrenia. They have nothing to do with 0:05:41.600 --> 0:05:43.480 each other other than they're both types of mental illness. 0:05:44.560 --> 0:05:48.080 And um, Hollywood is fascinated by them, that's right. Um 0:05:48.200 --> 0:05:52.440 So yeah, well, and that's that's a pretty good example, 0:05:52.520 --> 0:05:57.200 like of medicines is starting to get ahold of what 0:05:57.600 --> 0:06:01.600 schizophrenia is, what mental illnesses you know in general, and 0:06:01.640 --> 0:06:04.760 then the public at large still just being completely under 0:06:04.960 --> 0:06:10.240 educated about it. Um, so let's educate people about it. Yeah. 0:06:10.320 --> 0:06:12.719 I want to say too that this is like a 0:06:12.760 --> 0:06:17.560 lot of conditions, um and disorders that developed later in life. 0:06:18.000 --> 0:06:21.520 To me, that's this one of the scariest things that 0:06:21.600 --> 0:06:27.080 can happen. Like your cruising along at eight years old 0:06:27.200 --> 0:06:29.120 and you think, like you know, I'm all good, and 0:06:29.200 --> 0:06:32.440 you can develop schizophrenia like a boom in a matter 0:06:32.440 --> 0:06:36.160 of weeks. Sometimes. Yeah, it can either come on gradually 0:06:36.360 --> 0:06:40.280 or very suddenly in an acute manner. Um And like 0:06:40.600 --> 0:06:45.599 you said, later in life. With men, schizophrenia usually develops 0:06:45.760 --> 0:06:48.159 um in the late teens or early twenties is when 0:06:48.160 --> 0:06:52.120 it starts um. Or in women it's the mid twenties 0:06:52.240 --> 0:06:55.120 or the early thirties. So yeah, by the time, by 0:06:55.160 --> 0:06:58.240 the time I was thirty, I certainly didn't think I 0:06:58.279 --> 0:07:01.279 was going to become mentally ill. No, you thought, I 0:07:01.320 --> 0:07:03.839 know my demons, you can write them down in a list. 0:07:04.080 --> 0:07:06.280 I can quit them anytime I want. And that's what 0:07:06.320 --> 0:07:08.960 they are, their self imposed demons, right this this is 0:07:09.160 --> 0:07:12.720 it wasn't something that was beyond my control that happened 0:07:12.720 --> 0:07:16.840 to my mind. And yeah, that's how schizophrenia hit you. 0:07:17.000 --> 0:07:18.920 Hit you later in life, and it can happen all 0:07:18.960 --> 0:07:22.520 at once or gradually. And this is not to scare 0:07:22.560 --> 0:07:25.480 the crap out of you. If you're in your teens 0:07:25.560 --> 0:07:31.080 or twenties, because there's only about a one percent chance schizophrenia. 0:07:31.320 --> 0:07:34.000 It depends if if you're part of the general population, 0:07:34.000 --> 0:07:36.120 there's a one percent chance. But as we'll see that, 0:07:36.120 --> 0:07:40.280 there are risk factors that increase your chances of having schizophrenia. 0:07:40.560 --> 0:07:45.160 And no, we're not trying to scare you, but I 0:07:45.200 --> 0:07:48.240 guess kind of the newest forms of treatment or newest 0:07:48.360 --> 0:07:51.760 thoughts about treating schizophrenia is to make people aware of it, 0:07:52.240 --> 0:07:54.760 uh so that they will be able to recognize it 0:07:54.760 --> 0:07:57.840 early on. And apparently early treatment leads to a better 0:07:57.880 --> 0:08:00.480 success rate. I think we'll talk about that to the board. 0:08:00.680 --> 0:08:04.800 But chuck, um, there's two kinds of symptoms of schizophrenia, 0:08:04.800 --> 0:08:07.840 and they're positive and negative. And it's not like positive 0:08:07.880 --> 0:08:11.400 symptom means you hallucinate bunnies, where negative symptom means you 0:08:11.400 --> 0:08:15.200 hallucinate like a hell demon. Instead, positive symptom is like 0:08:15.240 --> 0:08:18.240 an exaggeration of normal behavior. So like I see you, 0:08:18.600 --> 0:08:21.679 I hear things, but I don't see you with horns, 0:08:22.240 --> 0:08:26.000 and I don't hear Kermit here talking to me, right um, 0:08:26.120 --> 0:08:31.400 So a positive symptom is an exaggerated behavior. Negative symptom 0:08:31.600 --> 0:08:36.199 is the absence of normal behavior, like you lack affect 0:08:36.480 --> 0:08:41.199 or the ability to experience any emotion. Um, or you 0:08:41.440 --> 0:08:45.280 you basically are just generally apathetic, right and so it 0:08:45.640 --> 0:08:49.160 so those are that's positive symptoms and negative symptoms. Yes, 0:08:49.360 --> 0:08:53.920 and uh, certain negative symptoms are cognitive that deal a 0:08:53.920 --> 0:08:57.040 lot with a tension span and memory, um, lack of 0:08:57.080 --> 0:09:00.760 memory an ability to like plan anything or organize anything. Right. 0:09:01.080 --> 0:09:04.160 And then another form of negative I should say, is 0:09:04.200 --> 0:09:09.439 called avolition. Um, it's basically I think Crappler, the guy 0:09:09.480 --> 0:09:14.400 who first classified schizophrenia, call it the annihilation of the will, 0:09:14.800 --> 0:09:17.439 where you're just so withdrawn you can't. You no longer 0:09:17.480 --> 0:09:20.959 engage in gold directed behavior, from brushing your teeth to 0:09:21.600 --> 0:09:25.640 paying your bills to doing anything. You're totally withdrawn. So 0:09:25.720 --> 0:09:30.000 that's that's that's not the form of schizophrenia you usually 0:09:30.000 --> 0:09:35.400 hear about, but apparently it's fairly common. So get diagnosed. Uh, Josh, 0:09:35.480 --> 0:09:38.760 you have to um exhibit a certain number of these 0:09:38.760 --> 0:09:44.720 symptoms over at least six months without stopping. Right, yeah. Um, 0:09:44.760 --> 0:09:49.640 if you have uh, is it schizophrenic form is like 0:09:49.679 --> 0:09:53.959 a shorter it's schizophrenia, but it lasts less than six months. Yeah, 0:09:54.000 --> 0:09:58.640 that's schizophrenic form. Good point. But if you according to 0:09:58.679 --> 0:10:00.319 the d s M, and we should say like this 0:10:00.400 --> 0:10:03.400 is you know, it's based on clinical observations or whatever, 0:10:03.480 --> 0:10:05.760 but this is the d s M saying six months. 0:10:06.360 --> 0:10:09.440 It may be you may have schizophrenia and you just 0:10:09.480 --> 0:10:13.160 haven't reached the six months you know period yet, but 0:10:13.240 --> 0:10:17.240 you're still schizophrenic. But to be diagnosed by a psychiatrist 0:10:17.320 --> 0:10:20.000 or psychologist who's a member of the a p A, 0:10:20.240 --> 0:10:22.760 you have to have X number of symptoms for six 0:10:22.800 --> 0:10:24.400 months or more. Yeah, and they have to do that 0:10:24.480 --> 0:10:26.400 because it's like the same as the cops when they 0:10:26.440 --> 0:10:28.520 say you can't follow missing person's report unless they've been 0:10:28.520 --> 0:10:31.400 gone for twenty four hours. And it's not like that, 0:10:31.440 --> 0:10:33.520 but it's sort of like that. Now there's like a law, 0:10:33.600 --> 0:10:36.160 I think in Michigan called Kaylee's Law or something that 0:10:36.160 --> 0:10:38.640 they're introducing where if you're a parent and you don't 0:10:39.120 --> 0:10:42.440 report your kid missing after twenty four hours is a felony. 0:10:43.120 --> 0:10:44.719 What kind of parent wouldn't do that? The parent that 0:10:44.800 --> 0:10:51.640 Casey Anthony made the kid go away allegedly not in general, Uh, 0:10:51.800 --> 0:10:56.880 schizophrenia apparently, as how to pronounced, can take a few forms. Uh. 0:10:57.120 --> 0:11:00.240 One you've probably heard about most is paranoid schizophrenia, which 0:11:00.280 --> 0:11:03.800 is when you have the full on delusions and hallucinations. 0:11:04.679 --> 0:11:09.760 And uh, then there's disorganized that is disorganized thinking. Uh, 0:11:09.920 --> 0:11:13.600 your behavior is probably incoherent. It's also called hypophrenic. Really 0:11:13.640 --> 0:11:17.920 and you you probably don't exhibit a lot of emotion. Yeah. Well, 0:11:18.000 --> 0:11:23.800 usually like there's a negative symptom coupled with um disorganized behavior, 0:11:24.640 --> 0:11:27.040 so it's almost like two separate things. I think you 0:11:27.040 --> 0:11:33.199 can be hypophrenic without being negative. There's catatonic um that 0:11:33.280 --> 0:11:37.840 means you move around and talk excessively. Um. Yeah, that 0:11:37.960 --> 0:11:40.120 was a surprise to me. I always thought, you know, 0:11:40.200 --> 0:11:43.920 catatonic state where you're just like that too. But it 0:11:43.960 --> 0:11:46.520 also says they may become still an uncommunicative so he 0:11:46.600 --> 0:11:48.160 can be one or the other. Yeah, but I guess 0:11:48.160 --> 0:11:50.360 it has to do with motion or movement or lack 0:11:50.400 --> 0:11:55.320 of it's catatonic. Undifferentiated means that it's just sort of 0:11:55.360 --> 0:11:57.280 the umbrella term for when you have a mix of 0:11:57.320 --> 0:11:59.199 symptoms and they don't want to classify you as one 0:11:59.200 --> 0:12:02.920 specific kind. And then residual is if you have a 0:12:03.040 --> 0:12:08.079 history UM of schizophrenia but you have a long extended 0:12:08.120 --> 0:12:11.000 period of time with no negative I'm sorry, with negative 0:12:11.040 --> 0:12:16.520 but no positive symptoms, they'll classify as residual, which you know, 0:12:16.640 --> 0:12:21.920 I guess that's better than paranoid schizophrenia in a way. 0:12:22.720 --> 0:12:26.480 I don't think any form of schizophrenia is right. It 0:12:26.520 --> 0:12:29.199 would that would be it would be horrible. This is 0:12:29.240 --> 0:12:32.480 a horrible disease. That's like the curb your enthusiasm. When 0:12:32.520 --> 0:12:38.120 Larry asked if someone had good Hodgkins from the Party 0:12:38.120 --> 0:12:40.319 of Five episode is what he was referencing. When Charlie 0:12:40.400 --> 0:12:42.679 got sick, he had quote unquote good Hodgkins and they 0:12:42.720 --> 0:12:45.760 were like that, they were so offended. There's no good Hodgens. 0:12:45.920 --> 0:12:47.559 He's like, yeah, but one's better than the other, right, 0:12:47.920 --> 0:12:51.000 And they were just like, you're such a jerk. They 0:12:51.160 --> 0:12:54.760 never seen anything like that. Yeah, pretty much. Uh. And 0:12:54.800 --> 0:12:58.559 then we mentioned schizophrenic form, which is an abbreviated version 0:12:58.600 --> 0:13:02.120 of schizophrenia, and then in this one has to be 0:13:02.160 --> 0:13:06.720 just horrible schizo effective disorder. It's any kind of schizophrenia 0:13:07.120 --> 0:13:11.680 couple with the mood disorder like depression. All right, that's awful. 0:13:12.200 --> 0:13:18.360 So um, we should probably say there's delusions and there's 0:13:18.400 --> 0:13:24.880 hallucinations Uh, mixed in together often with schizophrenic symptoms, and 0:13:24.920 --> 0:13:28.520 they're often confused. But a delusion is a false belief 0:13:29.240 --> 0:13:32.880 and and hallucination is a false sensation like Hey, I'm 0:13:32.960 --> 0:13:37.079 Jesus Christ. That would be a delusion. Or hey, there's 0:13:37.160 --> 0:13:40.000 Jesus Christ on top of that subway car. That would 0:13:40.040 --> 0:13:43.560 be a hallucination. Yeah, and you can extend that to 0:13:43.600 --> 0:13:48.120 anything to be Jesus or a subway car. Um. But 0:13:48.440 --> 0:13:54.640 the there's just studying hallucinations and delusions are really really 0:13:54.760 --> 0:13:59.920 interesting in my opinion. Um. The most common hallucination is 0:14:00.040 --> 0:14:04.800 auditory among schizophrenics, and the most common auditories hallucination is 0:14:04.920 --> 0:14:07.719 our voices. Yeah, they hear voices that can come from 0:14:07.720 --> 0:14:12.560 anywhere from this kermit the frog could start talking to me, 0:14:12.720 --> 0:14:15.400 or it could come from thin air, or it could 0:14:15.480 --> 0:14:20.560 come from the electrical outlet in the wall. Um and Uh. 0:14:21.520 --> 0:14:25.400 The voices say. Usually it's like one word, a couple 0:14:25.440 --> 0:14:30.880 of words. There's an implication of word. Sometimes it's indistinct mumbling. Um. 0:14:31.320 --> 0:14:35.760 On occasion, very rare occasions, will the voice like ramble 0:14:35.840 --> 0:14:40.400 on coherently where the patient understands like long sentences. But 0:14:40.800 --> 0:14:44.320 um that they also maybe commenting on what the person 0:14:44.440 --> 0:14:49.320 is doing is very um common. Usually it's um not 0:14:49.400 --> 0:14:52.360 a voice that they recognize, although that can happen as well. 0:14:52.600 --> 0:14:55.480 Yeah right, Uh. And then sometimes there's more than one voice, 0:14:55.920 --> 0:14:59.120 and even more disconcerting, lee the voices will argue about 0:14:59.200 --> 0:15:05.200 the patient. Yeah, which that's wow. Well those I mean, 0:15:05.920 --> 0:15:08.240 there's a guy on Martha that I see that, and 0:15:08.280 --> 0:15:09.840 a lot of people that you see that are walking 0:15:09.880 --> 0:15:13.720 down the streets screaming out out loud. They there's probably 0:15:13.760 --> 0:15:15.520 a pretty good chance that they might be paranoid to 0:15:15.560 --> 0:15:17.880 get sprintic, and they are yelling at the voice in 0:15:17.920 --> 0:15:19.960 their head. That reminds me the stand up it I 0:15:20.000 --> 0:15:22.640 saw when I was a kid in the eighties. Uh, 0:15:22.680 --> 0:15:25.520 this guy was like this. This comedian said he was 0:15:25.520 --> 0:15:27.320 walking down the street and he walked past this guy 0:15:27.600 --> 0:15:31.400 was talking to himself and it's just mumbling, sounded so angry, 0:15:31.440 --> 0:15:34.760 and the comedian goes and I thought, man, that guy 0:15:34.880 --> 0:15:38.120 is really crazy. He's talking to himself. And then I thought, wait, 0:15:38.160 --> 0:15:43.200 who am I talking to? Yeah it's a good point. Yeah, 0:15:43.320 --> 0:15:45.480 I talked to myself all day long. I have arguments 0:15:45.480 --> 0:15:49.960 in my head. But of course it's not the same thing. No, Um, no, 0:15:50.360 --> 0:15:53.080 you don't have two voices arguing over what you're doing 0:15:53.120 --> 0:15:55.440 at that moment and what's best for you or whether 0:15:55.480 --> 0:15:58.160 you should hurt somebody or hurt yourself. Not making light 0:15:58.200 --> 0:16:01.880 of that. Uh. And the reason that a percentage of 0:16:02.320 --> 0:16:05.800 frightening percentage of schizophrenics kill themselves as a lot of 0:16:05.800 --> 0:16:08.120 times because the voice in their head may command them 0:16:08.160 --> 0:16:10.760 to do so. Right there there. There's such a thing 0:16:10.960 --> 0:16:15.880 as um commanding hallucinations, which is sometimes they could be 0:16:15.920 --> 0:16:22.120 suggestive like, um, maybe we should go outside for a while, 0:16:22.400 --> 0:16:25.600 or they could be like go outside, you know, And 0:16:25.640 --> 0:16:27.840 it's not always scary, like they just point out. Sometimes 0:16:27.920 --> 0:16:30.400 it's uh, hey you need to shave again, and you'll 0:16:30.400 --> 0:16:32.640 go shave again. Yeah. It can be innocuous, but it 0:16:32.680 --> 0:16:36.520 can it can lead to violence, or it can urge violence. 0:16:36.640 --> 0:16:41.760 Apparently the vast majority of people who suffer uh, dangerous 0:16:41.840 --> 0:16:45.720 command hallucinations are able to suppress them. But it's a 0:16:45.760 --> 0:16:48.320 struggle and you know this is going on in this 0:16:48.360 --> 0:16:51.560 person's head. Yeah, and rarely, and I wondered about this 0:16:51.600 --> 0:16:53.400 too before I got to that point in the article 0:16:53.520 --> 0:16:57.520 that you sent me. Rarely, do you hear like, really 0:16:57.560 --> 0:17:00.400 great things like you're doing great today and you should 0:17:00.400 --> 0:17:04.439 go and smell it. You know, it's interesting that it 0:17:04.560 --> 0:17:08.840 usually takes a dark turn and they don't know why. No, 0:17:08.960 --> 0:17:15.000 they don't. Um. There's also uh hallucinations of touch, haptic hallucinations, 0:17:15.200 --> 0:17:18.720 which sound pretty awful. Um, things are crawling on you, 0:17:18.840 --> 0:17:21.520 things are inside of you trying to get out. Your 0:17:21.600 --> 0:17:26.680 bowels are shriveling. Um, you're being jolted by electricity is 0:17:26.720 --> 0:17:30.840 a very common one. And then delusions obviously or any 0:17:30.920 --> 0:17:34.080 like any false belief. There's some that like you are 0:17:34.240 --> 0:17:38.640 Jesus Christ. That's a delusion, right. Um. But there's there 0:17:38.720 --> 0:17:42.280 was one subcategory that caught my attention that I wasn't 0:17:42.280 --> 0:17:45.240 aware of. It's called delusion of reference. Yeah, tell me 0:17:45.280 --> 0:17:48.000 about that. Well. It's basically like every single thing that 0:17:48.040 --> 0:17:52.359 goes on in life is full of meaning. Right. So, 0:17:52.480 --> 0:17:55.679 like in this Brown University sheet I sent you, there's 0:17:55.880 --> 0:18:00.000 a like a waiter leaving a crama on the table. 0:18:00.600 --> 0:18:03.200 That's purposeful. It's an insult to the patient, like the 0:18:03.520 --> 0:18:06.439 the busboy or the waiter did that on purpose as 0:18:06.440 --> 0:18:10.840 an insult or. Um. The street lights coming on all 0:18:10.840 --> 0:18:13.160 of a sudden is a signal for everybody to swarm 0:18:13.240 --> 0:18:15.399 on you and finally take you away or kill you 0:18:15.560 --> 0:18:19.480 or whatever. Like everything in life has meaning and it's 0:18:19.560 --> 0:18:22.920 making you. It's it's fueling this paranoia. Your mind is 0:18:22.960 --> 0:18:27.880 turning against you. It's pretty awful. Have we said it's awful? Yeah, okay, yes, 0:18:27.960 --> 0:18:32.560 it is quite awful. Um, but people live with this. Yeah. 0:18:32.640 --> 0:18:34.560 I mean we painted a dark picture because it is 0:18:34.560 --> 0:18:38.639 a dark disorder. But the majority of people in fact 0:18:38.920 --> 0:18:43.280 stet time. Uh, after ten years, if you want to know, 0:18:43.800 --> 0:18:51.080 after ten years of diagnosis with schizophrenia completely recover are 0:18:51.160 --> 0:18:56.520 much improved and relatively independent and are improved but require 0:18:56.720 --> 0:19:01.320 a pretty extensive support network. So that's seventy percent of 0:19:01.680 --> 0:19:05.399 people after diagnosis after a decade are are dealing with 0:19:05.440 --> 0:19:09.760 it fairly. Well, Um, that's it's very hopeful. That's not bad. 0:19:10.520 --> 0:19:15.880 Are unimproved in ten percent unfortunately are dead, probably by suicide. Yeah, well, 0:19:15.960 --> 0:19:20.240 ten percent at least of um schizophrenics commits suicide, which 0:19:20.280 --> 0:19:25.119 is incredibly high because in the general population of the 0:19:25.200 --> 0:19:29.399 United States, point zero one percent of people commit suicide 0:19:31.200 --> 0:19:33.560 to point zero one percent. Yeah, and that's people who 0:19:33.680 --> 0:19:36.000 are successful. They think it could be attempts could be 0:19:36.040 --> 0:19:40.439 as high as people that try to kill themselves just uh. 0:19:40.680 --> 0:19:42.760 I mean imagine sometimes the voices say to do it, 0:19:42.800 --> 0:19:46.199 and sometimes it's just a fine piece. Yeah, I was 0:19:46.240 --> 0:19:52.359 wondering what the breakdown between those two is. Um. And 0:19:52.400 --> 0:19:57.040 then violence is often attendant with schizophrenics, at least in 0:19:57.080 --> 0:20:02.320 the public mind, right D dangerous. Apparently studies have shown 0:20:02.359 --> 0:20:05.879 I remember reading about this when we talked about latent inhibition, 0:20:06.480 --> 0:20:12.320 UM that if you are typically violent when these uh, 0:20:12.440 --> 0:20:17.520 when the symptoms set and you're like early twenties or whatever, um, 0:20:17.600 --> 0:20:20.360 you're going to possibly be a violence schizophrenic. If you're 0:20:20.400 --> 0:20:23.440 not a very violent person, you're it's just not part 0:20:23.440 --> 0:20:27.720 of your personality before the symptoms set in, then you're 0:20:27.720 --> 0:20:31.640 not going to be a violence schizophrenic unless you abuse 0:20:31.800 --> 0:20:36.000 drugs or alcohol, which apparently vastly increases the chances that 0:20:36.040 --> 0:20:38.720 you may be a violent schizophrenic. Yeah. And even then, 0:20:38.720 --> 0:20:41.760 I think the violence is generally either self inflicted or 0:20:41.840 --> 0:20:45.240 it takes place inside the home, like against your family, 0:20:45.280 --> 0:20:47.719 which is not good. But the point is, if you're 0:20:47.760 --> 0:20:50.400 walking down the street and sadly you see the homeless 0:20:50.440 --> 0:20:54.800 man screaming out loud, you don't necessarily need to be 0:20:54.840 --> 0:20:58.119 afraid that he's about to, you know, attack you in 0:20:58.160 --> 0:21:02.240 a violent manner. That's probably not gonna happen. Chuck. Let's 0:21:02.240 --> 0:21:04.919 say you do want to talk to that schizophrenic homeless 0:21:04.960 --> 0:21:07.040 man over there, but you don't want to make things 0:21:07.080 --> 0:21:10.640 worse for him, right, but you don't want to ignore 0:21:10.680 --> 0:21:15.719 him's another human being. Um. The National Institutes of Mental 0:21:15.760 --> 0:21:21.240 Health have UM suggestions I guess for talking to schizophrenics 0:21:21.480 --> 0:21:24.320 and specifically with their families who have to deal with 0:21:24.440 --> 0:21:29.720 delusions and hallucinations all the time, specifically delusions. UM. Apparently 0:21:30.320 --> 0:21:34.480 you don't you don't contest what they're saying. Yeah, you 0:21:34.480 --> 0:21:37.240 don't want to say you're not Jesus Christ. What are 0:21:37.240 --> 0:21:42.040 you talking about? Yeah, you don't say no, you say, Um, 0:21:42.200 --> 0:21:45.159 I respect your right to believe different things, and I 0:21:45.200 --> 0:21:47.560 hope you'll respect my right to believe different things. But 0:21:47.680 --> 0:21:51.280 I I, you know, politely disagree. And what you also 0:21:51.280 --> 0:21:53.720 don't want to do is agree and say I know, honey, 0:21:53.760 --> 0:21:56.760 you are Jesus Christ. Right, You're okay, you're Jesus and 0:21:56.800 --> 0:21:59.240 it's fine. Yes, A lot of people probably take that 0:21:59.320 --> 0:22:02.040 tack in the family, you know, Well, yeah, first, I mean, 0:22:02.119 --> 0:22:04.920 at the very least because it's just easier after a while, 0:22:04.960 --> 0:22:08.200 it's like yes, yes, or you get so frustrated you're 0:22:08.200 --> 0:22:09.800 like no, you're not and you want to shake the 0:22:09.840 --> 0:22:15.000 person um. But yeah, apparently, And I wonder how hard 0:22:15.080 --> 0:22:19.280 it is to say, well, I I respectfully disagree with you. Yeah, 0:22:19.320 --> 0:22:21.200 I bet it's hard, you know. And if it if 0:22:21.200 --> 0:22:23.399 it does go over as well as as it seems 0:22:23.440 --> 0:22:28.280 like it that it suggested it should, you know, all right, Josh, 0:22:28.320 --> 0:22:30.840 I think this was really interesting. The recovery in the 0:22:30.840 --> 0:22:35.000 Third World part. Yeah, Apparently, the World Health Organization did 0:22:35.000 --> 0:22:39.000 a study in the nineteen sixties and uh I found 0:22:39.040 --> 0:22:43.040 that the recovery rate for schizophrenia and developing nations is 0:22:43.680 --> 0:22:46.159 higher by a full third than it is in the 0:22:46.280 --> 0:22:49.520 industrialized world. And then they did a follow up study 0:22:49.600 --> 0:22:54.320 even to correct possible selection biases, and they confirmed the 0:22:54.320 --> 0:22:57.560 original finding. And I thought that was really interesting. And 0:22:57.880 --> 0:23:00.520 they there's a lot of hypotheses, but one of them 0:23:00.720 --> 0:23:04.080 is that a there might not be a stigma like 0:23:04.640 --> 0:23:08.359 in the industrialized world, and they're just more readily accepted. 0:23:08.400 --> 0:23:10.560 And the other is that they might be able to 0:23:10.600 --> 0:23:15.200 have a job that they can do successfully and here 0:23:15.240 --> 0:23:17.960 in the West farming or digging, you know, digging the 0:23:17.960 --> 0:23:20.520 trench for the farm or whatever. Here in the West, 0:23:20.720 --> 0:23:23.280 we're very competitive. Yeah, it's hard to get a job 0:23:23.320 --> 0:23:27.359 that schizophrenic can maybe successfully complete. And I mean the 0:23:27.400 --> 0:23:29.520 rest of us are paranoid enough as it is about 0:23:29.560 --> 0:23:32.840 losing our jobs. If you are clinically paranoid schizophrenic, then 0:23:33.800 --> 0:23:36.760 it's probably going to be very difficult to keep your job, true, 0:23:36.920 --> 0:23:38.879 or do it in a way that will help you 0:23:39.000 --> 0:23:41.560 keep your job. That's very true. But Josh, there have 0:23:41.640 --> 0:23:47.520 been some successful stories of people that are afflicted with schizophrenia. Well, 0:23:47.560 --> 0:23:52.560 some some more successful and some. Sid Barrett was successful, 0:23:52.600 --> 0:23:54.480 but I don't know if you call him a success story. 0:23:54.600 --> 0:23:56.639 Ended up in a mental institution for the rest of 0:23:56.640 --> 0:24:00.680 his life. Sid Barrett founding member of Pink Floyd Schizophrenic 0:24:00.720 --> 0:24:03.080 and they believe that massive amounts of drugs that he 0:24:03.160 --> 0:24:06.600 used made it worse, way worse. John he is he 0:24:06.680 --> 0:24:09.520 is the crazy Diamond. Yeah, shine on you, Crazy Diamond. 0:24:10.080 --> 0:24:12.640 I love that song. That's a good one. All four 0:24:12.840 --> 0:24:15.800 parts of it, right, and they're like part I think 0:24:15.880 --> 0:24:19.440 up the part four is it? Yeah? Yeah, John Nash, Yeah, 0:24:19.480 --> 0:24:22.879 from the movie A Beautiful Mind. The Ron Howard film 0:24:22.920 --> 0:24:27.320 with Russell Crowe as John Nash, the Nobel Winner figure 0:24:27.320 --> 0:24:31.000 out that cable companies would do better if they cooperated 0:24:31.040 --> 0:24:33.320 with one another. That's right, And that movie did a 0:24:33.320 --> 0:24:35.880 lot for putting this on the map in a compassionate way, 0:24:35.920 --> 0:24:38.600 you know. And Jack carollact, did you know that one? 0:24:39.080 --> 0:24:41.800 That was debatable? Okay, he was in the Navy and 0:24:41.880 --> 0:24:45.520 they discharged him honorably after I think like a little 0:24:45.600 --> 0:24:48.600 less than a year and and the report they said 0:24:48.600 --> 0:24:53.200