WEBVTT - How Sneezing Works 0:00:00.560 --> 0:00:02.640 Hey, everybody, it's us and we're here to talk to 0:00:02.720 --> 0:00:05.160 you about get this our book. We have a Stuff 0:00:05.160 --> 0:00:07.520 you Should Know book coming out this November and you're 0:00:07.560 --> 0:00:09.479 going to love it and you can preorder it now. 0:00:09.840 --> 0:00:14.080 That's right. It's called Stuff you Should Know Colon, an 0:00:14.120 --> 0:00:18.360 incomplete compendium of mostly interesting things, and it's been a 0:00:18.400 --> 0:00:20.880 lot of fun to work on and we're really, i 0:00:20.920 --> 0:00:23.320 mean genuinely excited about how this thing has come together. 0:00:23.880 --> 0:00:27.720 It's twenties six chunky Harry chapters that are just going 0:00:27.760 --> 0:00:30.159 to knock your socks clean off. And yes, Chuck, we 0:00:30.200 --> 0:00:34.280 are indeed proud of this book. It is truly, indubitably 0:00:34.400 --> 0:00:36.640 the first Stuff you Should note book and it's coming 0:00:36.640 --> 0:00:39.319 out this November and you can order it now, pre 0:00:39.479 --> 0:00:42.960 order everywhere you get books, so do that, and we 0:00:43.080 --> 0:00:47.400 thank you in advice. Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, 0:00:47.640 --> 0:00:56.280 a production of My Heart Radios How Stuff Works. Hey, 0:00:56.320 --> 0:00:59.440 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 0:00:59.600 --> 0:01:03.480 Chuck Ran over there. Jerry is a disembodied spirit, but 0:01:03.560 --> 0:01:07.399 she's still with us, haunting us, and we are now 0:01:07.480 --> 0:01:10.600 set up for achievement, which means this is Stuff you 0:01:10.600 --> 0:01:14.560 Should Know. Set up for achievement. That sounds like very 0:01:14.640 --> 0:01:19.360 eighties Reagan era campaign. It does, It definitely does. Uh 0:01:19.480 --> 0:01:22.280 certainly not the kind of thing that would irritate you, 0:01:22.280 --> 0:01:25.160 whether it be in your nose or your brain or anywhere. 0:01:27.280 --> 0:01:30.640 Not not the best segue, huh. I'm surprised you didn't 0:01:30.640 --> 0:01:34.080 try and work uh, stern mutation in there. Somehow. I 0:01:34.120 --> 0:01:36.080 love that word. Are you Were you familiar with that 0:01:36.120 --> 0:01:38.600 word before? I don't think you know. I'm forty nine 0:01:38.640 --> 0:01:40.959 years old. I don't think I've ever heard sneezing being 0:01:40.959 --> 0:01:45.040 called stern mutation. I got oh, man, I just remembered. 0:01:45.080 --> 0:01:48.200 I'm forty four now, so you you got me beat. 0:01:48.680 --> 0:01:51.480 But I'm in the same boat with you. Yeah, I've 0:01:51.480 --> 0:01:55.600 never heard that. But that is what if you're a scientist, Well, 0:01:55.720 --> 0:01:57.120 if you're a scientist and you want to be a 0:01:57.120 --> 0:02:00.760 real stuff, you probably say sternutation. If your scientists that 0:02:00.800 --> 0:02:04.120 wants to be friends with people, you'll still probably say sneezing. 0:02:04.640 --> 0:02:07.600 And I mean, it sounds super clinical, but it's actually 0:02:07.920 --> 0:02:10.680 really old. It's from I think the first appearance of 0:02:10.720 --> 0:02:13.720 it is in a text from fifteen seventy six. Old. 0:02:14.560 --> 0:02:17.640 To me, it sounds clinical but there's also a couple 0:02:17.639 --> 0:02:21.640 of derivative words stern mutative or stern you too, Tori 0:02:22.320 --> 0:02:26.079 are things that make you sneeze and Howard Stern bubba 0:02:26.120 --> 0:02:32.480 booe right chewy. So we're talking sneezing obviously, because we 0:02:32.639 --> 0:02:38.040 just discoursed on stern youitation, I'm adding an extra syllable. 0:02:38.040 --> 0:02:40.960 There aren't I stern mutation. That's the Josh Clark way. 0:02:41.040 --> 0:02:43.240 Why do I have to complicate? Why do I have 0:02:43.280 --> 0:02:48.600 to complimentate things? Uh, we're talking about sneez sin. It's 0:02:48.680 --> 0:02:54.920 the sneezing, and sneezing is a really sort of and 0:02:54.960 --> 0:02:56.919 I hate it when people call things like this elegant, 0:02:56.960 --> 0:03:00.640 so I'm gonna refrain. But it's just a very efficient 0:03:01.400 --> 0:03:05.400 system that the human body has worked out to basically 0:03:06.639 --> 0:03:09.799 allow your your nose and we'll get into all the 0:03:09.919 --> 0:03:12.320 ins and outs of how it all happens, but to 0:03:12.360 --> 0:03:15.200 allow your nose and your nasal passage in your brain 0:03:15.800 --> 0:03:18.840 to act as bouncers and just say get out of 0:03:18.880 --> 0:03:22.760 my body. Fast, cut off pal like real fast, you're 0:03:22.800 --> 0:03:26.120 cut off cigarettes, smoke, you're cut off Chanel number seven 0:03:26.360 --> 0:03:32.320 that nobody likes, you know, Sure, Um, that's uh yeah, 0:03:32.320 --> 0:03:34.240 that's a pretty pretty good way to put it. I mean, 0:03:34.280 --> 0:03:37.000 and it's an ancient, ancient reflex too. I mean basically, 0:03:37.040 --> 0:03:41.040 all mammals at least sneeze, some more than others. I 0:03:41.040 --> 0:03:45.280 didn't realize this, but apparently iguanas um sneeze the most 0:03:45.440 --> 0:03:48.400 because it's part of their digestion. Yeah. And then I 0:03:48.440 --> 0:03:50.280 don't know what it's technically called, but you know when 0:03:50.320 --> 0:03:54.200 dogs do what it's called the reverse knees. Yeah, Momo 0:03:54.280 --> 0:03:57.880 has that bad. It's so scary, it is, it is. 0:03:57.920 --> 0:04:01.560 And we finally got her checked out out and um, 0:04:01.600 --> 0:04:04.080 they verified she doesn't have a collapse trachia, which is 0:04:04.120 --> 0:04:07.920 when it really is threatening. It's just something to do 0:04:07.960 --> 0:04:12.120 with her nasal passages. Bracky a ceflick. Have you ever 0:04:12.160 --> 0:04:14.520 had a dog that that has that? I mean I've 0:04:14.800 --> 0:04:19.240 I've never had a dog that didn't do it occasionally. Um, 0:04:19.279 --> 0:04:22.160 but Niko, I feel like goes and it's not often, 0:04:22.200 --> 0:04:24.240 but it's it's like a you know, it's like can 0:04:24.279 --> 0:04:26.400 be prolonged like for like a minute, and it just 0:04:26.440 --> 0:04:29.960 seems like are you about to die? Yeah, it's terrible, 0:04:30.240 --> 0:04:31.920 it's really bad. I think you're just supposed to leave 0:04:31.920 --> 0:04:34.160 them alone. Too, right, just let him do it. Um, No, 0:04:34.320 --> 0:04:37.000 we help her out. We'll we'll rub her throat um, 0:04:37.480 --> 0:04:40.000 just kind of stroke it. It seems to help. Uh. 0:04:40.040 --> 0:04:43.280 And then sometimes we'll just lightly plug her nostrils to 0:04:43.360 --> 0:04:46.080 kind of give her like a hitch to it, and 0:04:46.400 --> 0:04:49.479 that that frequently cures it too sometimes though. Yeah, she 0:04:49.600 --> 0:04:51.520 just has to work it out. But she gets it 0:04:51.600 --> 0:04:54.159 every time she gets excited, and she gets excited a lot, 0:04:54.240 --> 0:04:57.159 so it's sad for her. Yeah, But it's really not 0:04:57.240 --> 0:05:00.479 a sneeze, uh, actually, because a sneeze is when you 0:05:00.520 --> 0:05:03.440 were you're trying to get something out of your nose, 0:05:03.600 --> 0:05:06.680 and that nose is it's a pretty amazing little system. 0:05:06.680 --> 0:05:11.120 It's uh, it's an amazing filtration system. How it's designed 0:05:11.839 --> 0:05:14.960 with those narrow nasal passages. It's not like we have 0:05:15.040 --> 0:05:18.279 these big face holes like that. They're narrow for a 0:05:18.400 --> 0:05:22.800 very good reason, and that is to create turbulence inside 0:05:22.800 --> 0:05:27.120 your nasal passages. And you know that turbulence shoves all 0:05:27.200 --> 0:05:29.919 that air that you're inhaling to the sides of your 0:05:30.000 --> 0:05:35.559 nasal passages, the nasal mucosa, and that's got tiny little 0:05:35.560 --> 0:05:39.160 hairs called cilia and the sillia mainly is sort of 0:05:39.160 --> 0:05:42.240 like a pre doorman, just saying like, yeah, your I 0:05:42.320 --> 0:05:44.479 D S good. Why don't we just move you to 0:05:44.560 --> 0:05:46.880 the back of the throat and we'll flush you out 0:05:46.920 --> 0:05:49.279 that way. But if it's too much, that's when you 0:05:49.320 --> 0:05:51.840 need to call him the big bouncer to initiate that 0:05:51.920 --> 0:05:55.400 sneeze response. Yeah, sometimes they're just like, no, I'm staying here, 0:05:55.440 --> 0:05:57.760 I'm not leaving. You can't kick me out. I hate 0:05:57.800 --> 0:06:01.320 the back of the throat. Super drunk. Yeah, yeah, so 0:06:01.520 --> 0:06:03.560 I didn't realize that, But it makes sense that we 0:06:03.640 --> 0:06:05.960 swallow a lot of the particles that we inhale through 0:06:05.960 --> 0:06:09.800 our nose, which is gross but effective. We poop it 0:06:09.839 --> 0:06:13.400 out eventually, right, But yeah, if they get if they 0:06:13.480 --> 0:06:16.360 get stuck in the nose, then they do something magical, 0:06:17.040 --> 0:06:21.760 almost as magical as soap. But um, when it's when 0:06:21.760 --> 0:06:24.840 they're sticking to the sides and they're they're not going anywhere, 0:06:24.880 --> 0:06:27.240 it's clear they're not going where. They actually like irritate 0:06:27.320 --> 0:06:31.279 some specialized cells that are in that nasal mucosa mast 0:06:31.400 --> 0:06:37.120 cells and uh erie nfls I think, But basically they're 0:06:37.240 --> 0:06:39.920 they're there to look out for little particles that decide 0:06:39.960 --> 0:06:42.880 they don't want to leave. And when those things get irritated, 0:06:43.200 --> 0:06:48.080 they release histamines which trigger this reaction like an allergic reaction, 0:06:48.120 --> 0:06:51.919 basically where your nose is running and um. They also 0:06:51.960 --> 0:06:55.800 simultaneously start sending signals to your brain saying, hey, we 0:06:55.800 --> 0:06:58.880 we got one. We need some help. Yeah. And I 0:06:58.920 --> 0:07:01.760 know we talked about this a little bit with I know, 0:07:01.839 --> 0:07:04.919 the pollen episode and I feel like we did another 0:07:05.120 --> 0:07:10.000 allergy centric one but I can't remember. But the whole 0:07:10.040 --> 0:07:14.000 thing takes about a second for the single sneeze. Uh. 0:07:14.000 --> 0:07:16.040 And you know it's gonna send that message, like you said, 0:07:16.040 --> 0:07:19.160 that chemical message to the sneeze center of the brain, 0:07:19.240 --> 0:07:24.000 which is in the lateral medulla. And uh, you know, 0:07:24.240 --> 0:07:26.840 the lateral medula gets like everything in the brain, it 0:07:26.880 --> 0:07:29.280 gets at signal and says, you know, all I gotta 0:07:29.320 --> 0:07:31.440 all I gotta do is react fast whenever the body 0:07:31.440 --> 0:07:34.520 tells me to do something, and in this case, it's 0:07:34.720 --> 0:07:37.120 to jet out whatever is in the nose as fast 0:07:37.200 --> 0:07:40.480 as possible. Right. So, And I was looking this up. 0:07:40.560 --> 0:07:42.360 If you want to get super clinical, if you're the 0:07:42.440 --> 0:07:45.840 kind of person who uses words like stern mutation instead 0:07:45.840 --> 0:07:49.720 of sneezing, there's actually something called an afferent phase and 0:07:49.760 --> 0:07:52.840 an efferent phase and an afferent phases when you get 0:07:52.840 --> 0:07:56.800 ready to sneeze, like your your nerves have been um 0:07:57.000 --> 0:07:59.960 tickled and are triggered and are itching, and they're sending 0:08:00.440 --> 0:08:03.840 messages to your brain uh in your sneeze center. And 0:08:03.880 --> 0:08:07.560 then that the efferent phases, when your sneeze center goes okay, 0:08:07.560 --> 0:08:10.760 it's go time. And that's actually pretty interesting stuff. And 0:08:10.800 --> 0:08:13.360 the way that that happens is basically, from what I 0:08:13.360 --> 0:08:17.960 can tell, through a system of nerves olfactory nerve uh 0:08:18.080 --> 0:08:22.600 ethmoidal nerve just a terrible word. And then um, your 0:08:22.640 --> 0:08:25.800 triedgeminal nerve, which is basically responsible for most of the 0:08:25.840 --> 0:08:28.960 sensation in your face and your ability to bite and chew. 0:08:29.400 --> 0:08:32.120 And when these nerves spring into action, they hit that 0:08:32.240 --> 0:08:35.080 message or the sneezing center in your brain, and your 0:08:35.080 --> 0:08:37.840 sneezing center sends it back over these this kind of 0:08:37.920 --> 0:08:40.800 same switchboard of nerves in your face and all this 0:08:40.920 --> 0:08:43.400 is happening and just you know, a very short amount 0:08:43.400 --> 0:08:46.160 of time. Yeah, I mean, like I said, the whole 0:08:46.160 --> 0:08:48.800 thing takes place in less than a second. Um, and 0:08:48.840 --> 0:08:50.600 it's got to reach you know, in order for it 0:08:50.640 --> 0:08:53.240 to reach that sneeze center, it's got to be past 0:08:53.360 --> 0:08:58.680 a certain threshold of irritation basically. Uh. And once it 0:08:58.720 --> 0:09:02.440 does reach that irra irritable point, which of which there's 0:09:02.480 --> 0:09:05.920 no going back. He's had too much to drink. Everybody 0:09:05.920 --> 0:09:08.880 in the bar knows it. That's when it finally sends uh, 0:09:09.080 --> 0:09:12.559 that impulse down through the head and neck to initiate 0:09:12.640 --> 0:09:17.079 that response. That involves a lot of muscle groups. Uh. 0:09:17.120 --> 0:09:19.880 You know, if you when you sneeze, it's a and 0:09:19.960 --> 0:09:23.080 especially with some people, can be a pretty violent um 0:09:24.000 --> 0:09:26.880 action for the body. Yeah. Like if you stop and 0:09:26.920 --> 0:09:30.120 take stock of what you're doing right, then you might 0:09:30.200 --> 0:09:33.400 find that you're hunched over. One of your legs is 0:09:33.440 --> 0:09:35.880 in the air, like, your knees kind of pulled up. 0:09:36.480 --> 0:09:39.760 Um you you your face is all scrunched up, your 0:09:39.800 --> 0:09:43.079 neck is tight. Uh. There's a lot of muscles involved 0:09:43.120 --> 0:09:45.600 in the reason why is because you're taking in a 0:09:45.600 --> 0:09:48.240 bunch of air and then you're expelling a bunch of 0:09:48.280 --> 0:09:51.360 air with a lot of force to to get that 0:09:51.440 --> 0:09:54.800 thing that won't leave out of your nose. Yeah, like 0:09:54.840 --> 0:09:57.760 you can and I've seen professional athletes that have been 0:09:57.800 --> 0:10:01.480 sidelined from sneezing h Uh. If you've got a bad 0:10:01.520 --> 0:10:04.760 back or something like, it can it can really hurt. Luckily, 0:10:04.760 --> 0:10:08.040 I don't have back problems, but occasionally I have, and 0:10:08.080 --> 0:10:10.640 a sneeze can really tweak it to where you're like, 0:10:10.960 --> 0:10:12.720 that's when you know you're an old man territory. You 0:10:12.720 --> 0:10:14.920 have a sneeze and you're like, hold on, I can't 0:10:14.920 --> 0:10:17.720 get up. Yeah, I'm gonna have to lay down this weekend. 0:10:18.040 --> 0:10:22.160 But your abdomen, your chest, your diaphragm, uh, your vocal chords. 0:10:22.320 --> 0:10:25.080 You know you mentioned that you take that deep inhalation, 0:10:25.160 --> 0:10:28.360 that's that like right before you go, and that builds 0:10:28.400 --> 0:10:30.480 up a lot of pressure in your chest. And that 0:10:30.559 --> 0:10:35.200 happens because your vocal cords just initially clamp shut, right Yeah, 0:10:35.400 --> 0:10:37.679 So you're sucking in a bunch of air holding it, 0:10:37.720 --> 0:10:41.040 and so the pressure is building in your thorax um 0:10:41.480 --> 0:10:46.839 and then when you release it, your your vocal cord 0:10:47.120 --> 0:10:50.320 openings open up to allow the air out. But then 0:10:50.360 --> 0:10:54.719 also your your diaphragm is pushing that air out really violently, 0:10:55.200 --> 0:10:57.040 so that it's going out in your mouth and your nose. 0:10:57.280 --> 0:11:00.120 I saw about a hundred miles an hour is the 0:11:00.120 --> 0:11:04.520 the speed that that can hit yeah, easily, um, around 0:11:04.520 --> 0:11:06.559 a hundred miles an hour. That is crazy to think 0:11:06.559 --> 0:11:09.920 about your eyes closed. But you know, we can go 0:11:09.960 --> 0:11:14.040 ahead and to spell the the old myth that, um, 0:11:14.280 --> 0:11:16.280 you can pop your eyes out if you keep your 0:11:16.280 --> 0:11:19.120 eyes open during a sneeze, right, Yeah, not true. And 0:11:19.160 --> 0:11:21.400 apparently there are some people who do keep their eyes 0:11:21.400 --> 0:11:23.840 open when they sneeze, and they show quite clearly that 0:11:23.920 --> 0:11:27.640 your eyes don't pop out. That's just that's just would 0:11:27.640 --> 0:11:31.440 be impossible. Plus they usually close anyway, just shatically. Yeah. There, 0:11:31.480 --> 0:11:33.559 it's a very small group of people who sneeze with 0:11:33.559 --> 0:11:38.040 their eyes open. Most people just it's like involuntary. Um, 0:11:38.080 --> 0:11:40.520 it's part of the involuntary process of sneezing. I don't 0:11:40.520 --> 0:11:42.240 know if we said that or not. Sneezing is an 0:11:42.240 --> 0:11:46.880 involuntary reaction to an external stimuli in your nose. Yeah, 0:11:46.920 --> 0:11:50.360 like you can't. I mean, you can try and trigger 0:11:50.400 --> 0:11:52.760 a sneeze, and we'll talk about certain things that can 0:11:52.800 --> 0:11:56.360 trigger a sneeze, but you definitely can't make yourself sneeze 0:11:56.640 --> 0:11:59.840 like full stop. Yeah no, no, I mean, yeah, there's 0:12:00.000 --> 0:12:01.880 funny things you can do to make yourself sneeze, like 0:12:01.880 --> 0:12:03.880 you're saying, but there are things you can do to 0:12:04.000 --> 0:12:06.120 keep yourself from sneezing. Whether you want to or not 0:12:06.320 --> 0:12:08.800 is a different question, because you know, sneezing can feel 0:12:08.800 --> 0:12:11.600 pretty good if you don't throw your back out. All right, Well, 0:12:11.679 --> 0:12:13.560 we'll talk about my sneeze pattern later. I know I've 0:12:13.559 --> 0:12:16.760 talked about it before, but okay, I find it fascinating 0:12:18.080 --> 0:12:23.400 you you accidentally um, tap out, drink your ovaltine and 0:12:23.440 --> 0:12:27.200 morse code to your sneezes. Is that your thing? Very nice? Thanks? 0:12:27.280 --> 0:12:29.839 Should we take a break. Let's take a break, Chuck, 0:12:29.880 --> 0:12:36.880 and then we'll come back and talk more about sneezing, 0:12:37.320 --> 0:12:49.679 Josh and Shock. So well, now we're on the road, 0:12:50.320 --> 0:12:53.000 driving in your truck. Want to learn a thing or 0:12:53.040 --> 0:12:57.000 two from Josh Camp Chuck. It's stuff you should know. 0:12:59.280 --> 0:13:04.160 All right, hey man, before we get back into it 0:13:04.200 --> 0:13:06.360 too far, I realized I didn't give a shout out 0:13:06.440 --> 0:13:12.480 to the guy who gave me the idea for this episode. Yeah, 0:13:13.600 --> 0:13:16.520 Dr Todd g sneeze a lot um No. One of 0:13:16.559 --> 0:13:20.160 my neighbor friends, Wesley Uh was like, hey man, he 0:13:20.280 --> 0:13:22.200 actually listens and he's like, hey man, have you guys 0:13:22.200 --> 0:13:23.880 ever done one on sneezing? And I'm like sure, of 0:13:24.240 --> 0:13:26.520 course we have. It's like, oh, because if you haven't, 0:13:26.840 --> 0:13:28.800 you know, you really should. That's a great one. And 0:13:28.920 --> 0:13:32.760 I went back and looked into my astoundment. We had 0:13:32.840 --> 0:13:35.880 never done one on sneezing, Like never. I just can't 0:13:35.880 --> 0:13:37.760 believe that that wasn't like one of the first ten. 0:13:37.880 --> 0:13:40.200 You know, Yeah, that seems like it would be an 0:13:40.200 --> 0:13:42.680 early stuff you should know for sure, and like it. 0:13:42.679 --> 0:13:44.839 It kind of feels like one of those right now 0:13:45.000 --> 0:13:47.640 as we're doing it. But um, you know, my neighbors 0:13:47.640 --> 0:13:51.840 think of unemployed. It's great. Yeah, but hats off to 0:13:52.120 --> 0:13:55.120 West for coming up with that one. Thanks Wes. Yeah, 0:13:55.160 --> 0:13:58.160 I leave Josh alone. He's one. He's the one that 0:13:58.200 --> 0:14:01.960 we got the the Love your Mama dot com stuff 0:14:02.080 --> 0:14:05.120 for and he's like halfway done with our room spray. 0:14:05.160 --> 0:14:07.200 We need some more because we're using it so fast, 0:14:07.720 --> 0:14:10.840 and you're you're the pusherman. Yeah. I was like, first 0:14:10.800 --> 0:14:13.200 of one's on me, the next you're gonna cost you. Yeah, 0:14:13.240 --> 0:14:15.480 I don't correct my neighbors. They think I'm I'm down 0:14:15.480 --> 0:14:18.000 on my luck, so that's all good, Yeah, opinion, No, 0:14:18.160 --> 0:14:20.760 that's definitely the way to go. He's very nosy, so 0:14:20.880 --> 0:14:23.560 he um he found out I had to finally just 0:14:23.560 --> 0:14:29.520 stop lying, Oh, that's good stuff. So we're we're back 0:14:29.520 --> 0:14:33.000 to sneezing. We're talking sneezing and UM. One of the 0:14:33.040 --> 0:14:37.160 things we mentioned was the sneezing center, which is this, 0:14:37.720 --> 0:14:40.800 up until not too many years ago, a theoretical part 0:14:40.840 --> 0:14:44.680 of the brain that um causes us to sneeze, that 0:14:44.760 --> 0:14:48.440 coordinates this involuntary response because you're not like your brain 0:14:48.520 --> 0:14:52.200 is not consciously saying like, okay, now, diaphragm, expel the air, 0:14:52.320 --> 0:14:55.080 like this is all like we said, involuntary um that 0:14:56.560 --> 0:15:00.520 every time you wanted to sneeze, right, expel air. UM. 0:15:00.560 --> 0:15:03.400 So it makes sense that there would be a region 0:15:03.440 --> 0:15:05.960 that was responsible for this. And because we've already we'd 0:15:06.000 --> 0:15:08.920 already seen it in cats. Don't ask how we knew 0:15:09.080 --> 0:15:11.280 where it is in cats, but in cats it's in 0:15:11.280 --> 0:15:14.840 the medulla, and so it was hypothesized that it was 0:15:14.880 --> 0:15:19.440 in the lateral medulla in humans too. And finally, I 0:15:19.480 --> 0:15:23.640 think around two thousand five, there's basically incontrovertible evidence that 0:15:23.720 --> 0:15:26.440 came in the form of this fisherman. I believe he 0:15:26.520 --> 0:15:30.000 might have been Spanish UM who had the sneezing fit 0:15:30.080 --> 0:15:33.280 one day of like about twenty really violent sneezes in 0:15:33.320 --> 0:15:35.400 a few minutes, and then all of a sudden he 0:15:35.760 --> 0:15:39.800 stops sneezing and couldn't walk right like he his gait 0:15:39.920 --> 0:15:42.960 was affected, almost like he had a stroke. And apparently 0:15:43.520 --> 0:15:47.640 either he caused a lesion on his lateral medulla from 0:15:47.680 --> 0:15:51.120 the sneezing, or that violent sneezing was like an initial 0:15:51.200 --> 0:15:53.960 symptom of a lesion, kind of like here's your last 0:15:53.960 --> 0:15:56.440 sneeze as ever, And he went to the doctor and 0:15:56.440 --> 0:15:58.760 they started testing them, and they would do things like 0:15:58.840 --> 0:16:02.120 put cap sasan in his nose, like red hot chili 0:16:02.160 --> 0:16:05.440 pepper in his nose, which makes everybody sneeze. It's like 0:16:05.440 --> 0:16:13.680 a universal um stern to Tori, right, makes everyone sneeze, 0:16:13.720 --> 0:16:15.560 And it wouldn't make this guy sneeze. It would burn 0:16:15.600 --> 0:16:17.320 his nose and it would make his nose running, but 0:16:17.320 --> 0:16:19.520 it wouldn't make him sneeze. On the other side, it 0:16:19.520 --> 0:16:21.680 would make him sneeze the other nostril, but not the 0:16:21.840 --> 0:16:23.960 not the right, I think. And so they found this 0:16:24.080 --> 0:16:27.360 lesion on his lateral medula, and they said, sneezing center, 0:16:27.840 --> 0:16:32.440 welcome to our understanding. At such a bad red hut 0:16:32.520 --> 0:16:34.880 Chili Pepper's joke that is sat on through the whole spield. 0:16:35.480 --> 0:16:41.360 That's a very grown up of you. Should I say it? Sure? 0:16:41.360 --> 0:16:44.280 Whoever said we were grown ups? I was just thinking 0:16:44.320 --> 0:16:47.720 the doctor would did the capsasan and ask him how 0:16:47.760 --> 0:16:49.800 he feels, and he'd say, well, I don't know. Sometimes 0:16:49.840 --> 0:16:54.360 I feel like I don't have a partner. That's pretty good, 0:16:54.800 --> 0:16:58.280 you know, than fight like a brave. I don't know. 0:16:58.320 --> 0:17:00.560 I'm trying to think of Chili Pepper songs. What if 0:17:00.840 --> 0:17:03.600 the doctor came in wearing nothing but one of those 0:17:03.600 --> 0:17:06.840 reflector headbands in a sock on his penis. I saw 0:17:06.880 --> 0:17:10.800 that coming and that was it. Oh, that'd be great 0:17:10.880 --> 0:17:13.639 that that. You know, you got the right doctor. Yeah, 0:17:13.720 --> 0:17:17.800 you do the party duck. So things that can make 0:17:17.840 --> 0:17:19.520 you sneeze. I know you kind of rattle off some 0:17:19.600 --> 0:17:23.240 jokes about perfume and smoke earlier. Oh I wasn't joking, 0:17:23.400 --> 0:17:28.040 But those are all realities. That the most common cause 0:17:28.320 --> 0:17:32.639 of sneeze is and that the collective term is rhinitis 0:17:33.760 --> 0:17:36.600 r H I and I T I S. And that 0:17:36.720 --> 0:17:39.840 is just your sort of standard inflammation and swelling of 0:17:39.920 --> 0:17:43.439 your mucous membrane when you got allergies when pollens in 0:17:43.440 --> 0:17:45.359 the air, when you have a cold. But they are 0:17:45.400 --> 0:17:47.679 all kinds of other things that can cause a sneeze too, 0:17:47.960 --> 0:17:51.520 that are all different types of rhinitis. Yeah, speaking of 0:17:51.600 --> 0:17:54.720 rhinitis too, I ran across a term. This the clinical 0:17:54.840 --> 0:17:58.720 term for a running nose is rhin a rhea. Yeah 0:17:58.720 --> 0:18:02.240 didn't that crody Like that makes it at least twelve 0:18:02.320 --> 0:18:06.320 or fifteen times worse than running nose, you know. Yeah, 0:18:06.680 --> 0:18:10.919 So there's um occupational rhinitis, which is basically when stuff 0:18:10.960 --> 0:18:15.240 you're working around makes you sneeze or irritate your nose. Um, 0:18:15.280 --> 0:18:20.280 things like cleaning supplies or you know, flower I saw 0:18:20.440 --> 0:18:28.480 was a pretty common occupational rhinitis. Uh, sternitatory or sternitative, 0:18:28.600 --> 0:18:32.200 depending on your preference. Um. Cigarette smoke, if you're work 0:18:32.240 --> 0:18:34.000 in a place where they let you smoke, like maybe 0:18:34.040 --> 0:18:37.399 a cigarette factory, although I heard that they don't allow 0:18:37.560 --> 0:18:41.440 smoking inside some cigarette factories now in like North Carolina. 0:18:41.800 --> 0:18:46.360 Isn't that just the end all be all? You think 0:18:46.359 --> 0:18:48.760 they would allow you to do that while you're working. 0:18:49.000 --> 0:18:52.560 They used to up until very recently. Oh yeah, I 0:18:52.600 --> 0:18:54.280 have the impression you can just puck one off the 0:18:54.320 --> 0:18:57.240 line and light it up. Wow, I guess if you're smoker, 0:18:57.280 --> 0:19:00.920 that's a big perk. It is. But then now they're 0:19:00.920 --> 0:19:04.560 like no smoking inside, which leads you to the follow 0:19:04.600 --> 0:19:12.160 up question why why would what very dangerous you dummy? Uh, 0:19:12.240 --> 0:19:15.960 let me see. You've also got the hormonal rhinitis, which 0:19:16.040 --> 0:19:20.280 is women might experience that when they have high estrogen levels. 0:19:21.080 --> 0:19:23.800 Maybe if you're pregnant, or you're on the pill, or 0:19:23.800 --> 0:19:26.520 you're going through puberty, you might have some sort of 0:19:26.600 --> 0:19:31.359 run on sneezing episodes. Sure, Um, there's drug induced rhinitis. 0:19:31.400 --> 0:19:35.080 There's certain drugs that are have been identified. Um, what 0:19:35.200 --> 0:19:38.960 do you say the hippis kun right, Yeah, mushrooms will 0:19:39.000 --> 0:19:42.640 make you sneeze. Um. Apparently I'm guessing that I didn't 0:19:42.640 --> 0:19:45.120 see this anywhere, but this is an educated guest. Tell 0:19:45.119 --> 0:19:49.280 me if you think it sounds convincing. Um, those drugs 0:19:49.400 --> 0:19:53.720 probably stimulate your masts cells to release histamines, and that 0:19:53.720 --> 0:19:59.320 that just basically almost like a phantom um allergen. Okay, 0:19:59.680 --> 0:20:04.119 that's I'm going with. But apparently end SAIDs beta blockers 0:20:04.160 --> 0:20:08.040 and some anti hypertensive drugs are the ones that are known. 0:20:08.800 --> 0:20:15.320 Um drug induced rynitis. Stern tutores. Uh. If you are 0:20:15.760 --> 0:20:18.920 of advanced age, you might have what's called geri attic 0:20:19.240 --> 0:20:26.040 rhye rhinitis, which is that's when those uh submucoastal glands atrophy, 0:20:26.520 --> 0:20:29.520 and that means your nose can get really irritated and 0:20:29.560 --> 0:20:34.080 you might sneeze a lot. Right. Um. That is very 0:20:34.160 --> 0:20:36.040 sad to me if you think about it, because there's 0:20:36.080 --> 0:20:39.920 not much that can be done. I'm sure you're there's there. 0:20:40.040 --> 0:20:42.720 You just put like maybe vaseline or something in your nose. 0:20:42.800 --> 0:20:44.960 That's got to be the cure for that. But that's 0:20:44.960 --> 0:20:47.479 just that because it's like your your little bodies, you know, 0:20:47.800 --> 0:20:51.800 running down. We should have a cure for that. Yeah, 0:20:52.640 --> 0:20:55.080 Like our medicine is not far enough along in my opinion, 0:20:55.119 --> 0:20:57.720 for too for this to be. It's kind of a 0:20:57.720 --> 0:21:03.960 disappointing everybody, am I Right? Yeah? So we've talked before, 0:21:04.040 --> 0:21:08.960 Chuck multiple times about photic sneezing, which I am a 0:21:08.960 --> 0:21:11.320 photo sneezer, and I don't remember if you are or not. 0:21:12.320 --> 0:21:14.720 I feel like I have, but I don't. It's not 0:21:14.840 --> 0:21:19.480 like roundly something that happens to me. I don't think. So, Okay, 0:21:19.600 --> 0:21:23.280 I am a photo sneezer more than I'm a native 0:21:23.320 --> 0:21:26.199 born Toledo and even maybe they're tied. So how does 0:21:26.240 --> 0:21:28.359 it get you? Like, any time you like turn on 0:21:28.400 --> 0:21:33.080 a light, very rarely light, it's almost always sunlight, and 0:21:33.119 --> 0:21:35.560 I think it's just because the intensity of it. But yeah, 0:21:35.840 --> 0:21:37.440 like if I walk out, say, like if I go 0:21:37.520 --> 0:21:39.359 see a movie in the middle of the day because 0:21:39.359 --> 0:21:42.760 it's a slacker and come out and then nice and 0:21:42.800 --> 0:21:47.320 I come out and it's very sunny, it is guaranteed 0:21:47.560 --> 0:21:52.240 three sneezes in a row? Is that every usual pattern? Yeah? Usually? 0:21:52.640 --> 0:21:54.439 And I looked into that, like why do we sneeze 0:21:54.480 --> 0:21:57.159 multiple times? Apparently there's a very simple answer for it, 0:21:57.240 --> 0:22:00.200 and that's that your your brain has to turn mean 0:22:00.240 --> 0:22:03.520 that that the irritant hasn't been ejected yet. But with 0:22:03.560 --> 0:22:10.280 photo sneezing, it's it's almost like it's mistaken identity, right. Yeah. 0:22:10.359 --> 0:22:12.720 I actually did see some other things too about the patterns, 0:22:12.720 --> 0:22:15.320 because that's always fascinated me because I always sneeze in threes. 0:22:16.560 --> 0:22:19.800 And um, I did see where sometime some places said 0:22:19.840 --> 0:22:22.880 that just once isn't enough, so it's like a setup. 0:22:23.520 --> 0:22:25.000 Get it to the front of your nose and then 0:22:25.000 --> 0:22:27.880 it get out. But I also saw where it could 0:22:27.880 --> 0:22:31.439 be genetic. Yeah, like that you inherit a sneeze pattern, 0:22:32.680 --> 0:22:36.320 and that like double sneezers beget to double sneezers. It 0:22:36.359 --> 0:22:39.120 makes sense because there are like photos. Sneezing is one 0:22:39.160 --> 0:22:42.920 of a couple ways that you can inherit a genetic 0:22:43.000 --> 0:22:46.040 sneezing traits, So that would make sense. Yeah, that's right. Photo. 0:22:46.680 --> 0:22:52.760 I'm sorry, photic sneeze reflexes passed on by autosomal dominant inheritance. 0:22:53.800 --> 0:22:59.040 And it's and I love this, uh this acronym because 0:22:59.080 --> 0:23:00.879 this is one of those reverse engineered ones that we 0:23:00.960 --> 0:23:03.840 like so much. Do you like this one? I like 0:23:03.920 --> 0:23:06.000 this one. I hated the other one. Yeah, man, with 0:23:06.040 --> 0:23:08.480 a passion like I wouldn't even I wasn't gonna bring 0:23:08.480 --> 0:23:10.520