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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works dot Com. Hello, this is Edric, your gul navigator speaking,

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Speaker 1: just letting you know that we've begun our approach to

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Speaker 1: our minimal safe departure for our one way jaunt to

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Speaker 1: the planet Aracus. This is of course just a precaution,

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Speaker 1: as the Spacing Guild currently holds an impeccable record of

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Speaker 1: Holtzmann enabled space fabric distortion travel. And as always you

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Speaker 1: can rest assured that no making machine has taken your

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Speaker 1: life through its care, but rather the prescient Milange augmented

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Speaker 1: powers of the human mind. So set back, enjoy our

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Speaker 1: in flight presentation of mar deep conversations and our flight

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Speaker 1: attendant toward check in. Hey, you welcome to Stuff to

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Speaker 1: Blow Your Mind. My name is Robert Lamb and I'm

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Speaker 1: Joe McCormick, and uh, I want to thank a musician

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Speaker 1: or Raleigh Porter for that bit of music there. That's

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Speaker 1: the lack xoo off his two thousand and eleven album Aftertime,

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Speaker 1: released by Subtext Recording, and you'll find a link on

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Speaker 1: the landing page for this episode to learn more about

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Speaker 1: that work. But it's the title of this episode and

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Speaker 1: our our intro narration um UH Presents. We were, of

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Speaker 1: course talking about the Done universe in this week's episodes,

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Speaker 1: so we've probably heard us talking about Dune on recent

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Speaker 1: episodes of the show. I've mentioned several times that I've

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Speaker 1: been reading it. I finally finished reading it. I loved

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Speaker 1: this book. Yeah, I'm about halfway through my my reread

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Speaker 1: of it, and this I think this will be the

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Speaker 1: third time I've read it, and it's it's a book

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Speaker 1: that has a special place in my heart as well.

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Speaker 1: It's very straight inched to me that a book written

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Speaker 1: fifty years ago. That's one of the reasons we're doing

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Speaker 1: this is that this year in it's the fiftieth anniversary

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Speaker 1: of the publication of Done. That a book this old

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Speaker 1: can feel so fresh and imaginative. So much science fiction

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Speaker 1: is disturbingly familiar when you when you go to it.

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Speaker 1: I don't know. When I went into the world of Done,

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Speaker 1: I was constantly surprised by what I encountered. Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: so unlike, you know, anything that had come before it,

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Speaker 1: and and and unlike. Even though it's it's had a

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Speaker 1: huge impact on the genre. Um, there's nothing quite like

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Speaker 1: it to this day. I mean, it's uh you have

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Speaker 1: this space age feudalistic society and it's full of you know,

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Speaker 1: you have profits, you have fabulous creatures, you have strange science,

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Speaker 1: strange technology that's changing the shape of life. Yeah. So

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Speaker 1: to describe the influencer in terms of the influenced, a

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Speaker 1: young person approaching Done today might want to think of

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Speaker 1: it as sort of like Game of Thrones in space.

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Speaker 1: There's a lot of political intrigue, yeah, but also with

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Speaker 1: with a lot of philosophical commentary. And I have to say,

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Speaker 1: this is the most ecological novel I've ever read. I've

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Speaker 1: never read anything as concerned with ecology and the conservation

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Speaker 1: of resources. Yeah, A tremendous amount of thought went into

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Speaker 1: the creation of this, this alien ecosystem, an alien ecosystem

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Speaker 1: that is not only intrinsically interesting, but but plays an

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Speaker 1: enormously important role in the plot. Right, So we're gonna

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Speaker 1: do two episodes about the science of Dune, talking about

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Speaker 1: the world imagined by Frank Herbert In in his novel

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Speaker 1: Dune and in the larger Done universe, but then also

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Speaker 1: real world parallels to this science and how doone has

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Speaker 1: influenced science fiction. Yeah, So we're gonna be discussing some

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Speaker 1: of the science fiction some of the actual science. But

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Speaker 1: one of the reasons that they that the sci fi

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Speaker 1: aspects of Frank Herbert's done, you know, continues to sate

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Speaker 1: so well is, first of all, it's set a tremendously

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Speaker 1: long period of time in the future, and he does

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Speaker 1: a great job about giving you some details but leaving

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Speaker 1: a lot of the details a bit ambiguous and unexplained,

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Speaker 1: and you're just sort of left to fill in fill

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Speaker 1: in the blanks in your own mind, right, and if

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Speaker 1: you know how sci fi fans work, they will fill

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Speaker 1: in those blanks. Yes. So two of our primary resources

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Speaker 1: here um are, first of all, a fabulous new publication

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Speaker 1: titled The Science of Doone, edited by Kevin R. Grazier

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Speaker 1: ps PhD uh. It's an unauthorized exploration into the real

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Speaker 1: science behind Frank Herbert's fictional universe. And it's a series

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Speaker 1: of essays all you know, by experts in their in

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Speaker 1: their field, planetologist, cosmologists, etcetera. It's a fabulous book. We'll

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Speaker 1: have a link to where you can pick up a

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Speaker 1: copy on the landing page. For this episode. We also

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Speaker 1: dug in a little bit into the Dune Encyclopedia which

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Speaker 1: came out in It's long out of print, but there

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Speaker 1: are used copies out there available for purchase. And this

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Speaker 1: was compiled by Dr Willis E. Nick Nelly and uh.

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Speaker 1: This also involved a number of different freelance writers and

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Speaker 1: and some scientists weighing in on not only the science

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Speaker 1: potential science underlying the details of Herbert so a Universe,

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Speaker 1: but also some of just the cultural aspect as well. Right,

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Speaker 1: it's got recipes for frem and flatbread. Yes, I was.

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Speaker 1: You pointed that out yesterday and I was very fascinated

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Speaker 1: by the topic. They're also lyrics to songs. There's as

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Speaker 1: well as some some some science into how say, you know,

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Speaker 1: sandworms or faith dancers may have worked. You know, thinking

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Speaker 1: about the recipe for frem and flatbread, I wonder why

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Speaker 1: the fremen would cook anything, because cooking is almost always

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Speaker 1: the cause of much evaporation and loss of moisture. Well,

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Speaker 1: perhaps they have a special oven, like a still oven

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Speaker 1: that cat captures all that moisture. Yes, so they seal

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Speaker 1: off the kitchen and no moisture can escape and then

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Speaker 1: you can cook. Yeah, indeed, that makes sense. Now, I

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Speaker 1: also just wanna don't want to preface here too that

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Speaker 1: they were dealing primarily with the nineteen novel Dune, with

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Speaker 1: some discussion of details that may pop up in Frank

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Speaker 1: Herbert's later novels. We don't really get into any of

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Speaker 1: the more recent works by by Brian Herbert. Brian Herbert

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Speaker 1: is of course the son of Frank Herbert, and he

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Speaker 1: continued the saga, did some prequels and a number of

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Speaker 1: legends of done books with with his collaborator. But I

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Speaker 1: have personally not read them. I know a lot of

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Speaker 1: people enjoy them, so um, yeah, we would love to

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Speaker 1: hear from anyone who who has read those books, who

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Speaker 1: has additional information they want to share based on their

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Speaker 1: enjoyment of that sort of continued universe. Right, But these

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Speaker 1: two episodes we're doing are going to be primarily the

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Speaker 1: first novel, Dune, and then our wonderful supplementary materials. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: the kind of stuff that I think, for the most part,

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Speaker 1: people even who haven't read the book might be familiar

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Speaker 1: with from either the of course, the Dave Lynch film adaptation,

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Speaker 1: Oh and we got to talk about that. Oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: the Sci Fi Channel mini series from several years back,

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Speaker 1: or just sort of the general cultural residents of the series. Um,

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Speaker 1: and we're gonna try and make sure it's not too deep.

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Speaker 1: So if you have little or no understanding of the

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Speaker 1: Dune Universe, we'll hold your hand through the stands. So

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Speaker 1: we mentioned it's going to be a two part episode.

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Speaker 1: This first episode today is going to be about primarily

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Speaker 1: the technology of the Dune Universe, and then the next

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Speaker 1: episode we do or we're going to try to focus

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Speaker 1: on the organic components, the biology and the ecology of

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Speaker 1: the Done universe. But before we get into the meat

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Speaker 1: of today's episode, I think we we should just give

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Speaker 1: a very very brief cursory plot synopsis to people who

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Speaker 1: haven't read the book but want to be able to

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Speaker 1: have a basic idea of what's going on. So what

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Speaker 1: happens in the novel Dune, Well, essentially you have a

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Speaker 1: space opera in which you have a galactic civilization spread

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Speaker 1: across various planets right right, and there is one precious

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Speaker 1: key resource in the universe that everybody wants and sort

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Speaker 1: of controls all trade, and that resources the spice milange.

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Speaker 1: It comes from one planet in the entire universe, and

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Speaker 1: that planet is a racous also known as Doune Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's the stuff that really makes uh, ultimately travel between

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Speaker 1: planets possible. It makes the interplanetary economy possible. So everything

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Speaker 1: is hinging on this one precious commodity. It's kind of

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Speaker 1: the It's essentially the oil of the done universe, right,

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Speaker 1: and you can't get it anywhere else. So the characters

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Speaker 1: that come in on this story that there are two

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Speaker 1: main houses in the story. There's House of Tradees and

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Speaker 1: there's House Harconan. The Tradees are it's it's kind of

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Speaker 1: manniche and I guess the the Tradees are the good

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Speaker 1: guys and the Harconans are very very bad guys. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean the Harconans are they're they're they're a product

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Speaker 1: of the environment to to a certain extent, but yeah,

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Speaker 1: they're they're pretty villainous. Yeah, and they are essentially competing

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Speaker 1: for roll of the planet that produces spice. And there's

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Speaker 1: a lot of warfare and backstabbing and treachery and double

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Speaker 1: crossing and and tests of loyalty. But ultimately the main

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Speaker 1: thrust of the story is the adventure of Paula Trades,

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Speaker 1: the young son of House of Trades, and his mother Jessica.

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Speaker 1: While they're learning how to live on the planet Dune

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Speaker 1: and eventually participating in a journey of cosmic discovery and

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Speaker 1: revenge and drugs. Like at the heart, it's such a quintessential,

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Speaker 1: like nineties sixties product, right because it's about a young

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Speaker 1: man who takes an allucinogen and then save the calaxies.

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Speaker 1: You know, I never thought of it that way, but

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Speaker 1: that's that's pretty much right. We'll get way more into

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Speaker 1: the drugs in the second episode, but today we wanted

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Speaker 1: to talk about the the technological theater of the Dune universe.

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Speaker 1: And I think one of the coolest concept that's created

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Speaker 1: in the book that that Frank Herbert comes up with

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Speaker 1: is the idea that this is a future scenario without

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Speaker 1: computers or robots. Right, yeah, it is a post but

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Speaker 1: Laryan jihad world. Uh So, basically, imagine that the singularity

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Speaker 1: has occurred. We have thinking machines everywhere that are caring

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Speaker 1: for is looking after us more of I tend to

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Speaker 1: interpret more it's like the beneficial aspects of of a

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Speaker 1: post singularity world in which your computers are not like,

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Speaker 1: you know, enslaving you and making you weren't work in

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Speaker 1: their salt minds, but they've just become such a ubiquitous

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Speaker 1: aspect of our lives, and eventually humans rebel against that. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So there is in the past of this universe a

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Speaker 1: great war against the machines, and it's it's referred to,

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Speaker 1: as you said, by the name the but Larry and

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Speaker 1: Jihad from the name Butler, but Larry and Jihad. And

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Speaker 1: I like the idea that it invokes the concept of jihad.

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Speaker 1: So it's not just like in the Terminator movies where

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Speaker 1: there is a war for survival against the machines, or

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Speaker 1: maybe like you might find in the Matrix or something

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Speaker 1: like that, the machines take over, they decide they want

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Speaker 1: to kill us or enslave us, and we fight back.

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Speaker 1: There is there is that element, I think, but there

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Speaker 1: is also a deeper, more spiritual element, which is where

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Speaker 1: the concept of the jihad comes in. It's a physical struggle,

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Speaker 1: but it's also a spiritual struggle for the soul of humankind. Yeah. Indeed,

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Speaker 1: like some of the Herbert Frank, Herbert himself didn't really

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Speaker 1: give you a lot of details on you lift it.

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Speaker 1: You know, like a lot of the details in the

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Speaker 1: den univers little ambiguous, and you're helping You're left to

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Speaker 1: sort of um, you know, dwell on the philosophical implications,

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Speaker 1: but just a few quotes from the fictional tons, such

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Speaker 1: as the Orange Catholic Bible that play a prominent role

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Speaker 1: in the universe. Thou shalt not create a machine and

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Speaker 1: the likeness of a human mind, thou shalt not disfigure

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Speaker 1: the soul. And then this is a great line from

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Speaker 1: some of the appendix material uh in the sixty novel.

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Speaker 1: Then came the Butlerrian Jihad, two generations of chaos, the

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Speaker 1: god of machine logic was overthrown among the masses, and

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Speaker 1: a new concept sept raised man may not be replaced.

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Speaker 1: I've been thinking a lot about this um just in

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Speaker 1: my daily life, you know, about not even with like

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Speaker 1: thinking machines, but just the use of Facebook in your

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Speaker 1: daily life, you know, the the use of social media,

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Speaker 1: the use of all these gadgets. And so for me,

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Speaker 1: when I think of the Spottlerian Jihad, it's it seems

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Speaker 1: as much rebellion against that as it is against you know,

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Speaker 1: some robot with a with a laser gun. Sure, and

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Speaker 1: it's not unusual for our technology to change us, right,

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Speaker 1: I mean, it doesn't just make our lives easier it

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Speaker 1: changes the way we we prioritize things and the way

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Speaker 1: we we go about our lives. One way of looking

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Speaker 1: at this might be something like agriculture. I mean, that's

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Speaker 1: a technology that I think a lot of people would

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Speaker 1: argue fundamentally change the human animal Homo sapiens is not

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Speaker 1: the same anymore or after we invented agriculture. And you

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Speaker 1: could probably look at the rise of thinking machines of

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Speaker 1: computers and perhaps the same way it is changing us

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Speaker 1: in a very fundamental way. I mean, who knows what

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Speaker 1: that look like ten thousand years in the future, as

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Speaker 1: as the doone universe imagines, But it's doing something to

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Speaker 1: our brains. When we can have vast computational power, vast

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Speaker 1: power of storage of information, and as imagined by this

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Speaker 1: sort of singularity, future decision making power that we can

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Speaker 1: outsource two machines. Yeah, I just think of all the

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Speaker 1: things we outsourced already, all the things we no longer

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Speaker 1: bother to remember because the machine remembers it for us.

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Speaker 1: So yeah, like you said, your your interpretation of this

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Speaker 1: coming in, I agree with this about the butlery and jihad.

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Speaker 1: It having something to do with the way humans are

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Speaker 1: changed by our dependence on machines. So either way, we

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Speaker 1: end up with a situation in these these books, in

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Speaker 1: this world where we've kicked out the computers, which humans one,

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Speaker 1: the humans one. But now the humans have to do

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Speaker 1: all the things of the machines were doing beforehand. So

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Speaker 1: what do you do when suddenly, uh, you know, just

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Speaker 1: think about a business, so you can't depend on accounting

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Speaker 1: software anymore, you need what do you do? You have

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Speaker 1: to turn to the human mind to deal with all

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Speaker 1: that accounting. What do you do when it comes to

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Speaker 1: navigational concerns? I mean, even in our own lives will

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Speaker 1: become dependent on these like things like Google maps and

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Speaker 1: ways right to tell us how to get from point

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Speaker 1: A to point B. If we throw that out the window,

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Speaker 1: suddenly we have to look at maps. Suddenly we have

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Speaker 1: to know which way is north and south. It falls

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Speaker 1: to the human to know how to navigate. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: it gets even tougher of course when you're in space.

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Speaker 1: So without the aid of advanced computer computation, Um, they

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Speaker 1: have to turn to human capabilities. Uh, and they have

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Speaker 1: to essentially breed and train uh, special classes of humans

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Speaker 1: to to to take on these varying taxing tasks, right,

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Speaker 1: and so some of these classes that you encounter in

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Speaker 1: the Dune universe, well, one of them, the most straightforward

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Speaker 1: upgrading of the human mind to replace computers would be

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Speaker 1: the mentats. There are several characters in the book who

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Speaker 1: are explained to be mentats. And this is pretty straightforwardly

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Speaker 1: a human computer. It's a person whose mind has been

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Speaker 1: trained and I think in some ways stimulated by drugs. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: they're constantly consuming some variation with some wine type like

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Speaker 1: SA sort of supercharge them. It's kind of like a

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Speaker 1: red bull. Yeah. It talks about their purple stained lips.

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Speaker 1: And these mentats really do in some ways fulfill the

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Speaker 1: function of computers. And otherwise they're sort of like advisors.

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Speaker 1: They're they're sort of the perfect computer human hybrid. They

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Speaker 1: can do computation, they can store vast amounts of information.

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Speaker 1: They seem to pretty much remember everything like that. They

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Speaker 1: do not ever forget any details, or at least as

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Speaker 1: far as I can tell from the first novel um.

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Speaker 1: But then also they are attuned to human nuance. It's

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Speaker 1: something that's not true the computers today. They might be

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Speaker 1: more replacement for the kind of you know, superhuman artificial

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Speaker 1: intelligence that we imagine in the post singularity world. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and it's interesting too that they have kind of an

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Speaker 1: ethical guideline to them, and if you want one that's twisted,

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Speaker 1: you have to essentially it's like a jail broken iPhone. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I want to order a sociopathic mentap. Yeah, in that case,

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Speaker 1: you have to go to the Relaxa and they will

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Speaker 1: provide you with one. And of course one of them

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Speaker 1: is a is a major character in the early goings

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Speaker 1: of the novel. Yeah, that's true. And then of course

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Speaker 1: there's the Spacing Guild. These are the individuals who handle

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Speaker 1: in your planetary travel, and this is a very complex,

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Speaker 1: dangerous arrangement. So you have Guild navigators, individuals who have

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Speaker 1: been specially bread trained and to varying degrees engineered to

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Speaker 1: make the kind of advanced navigational computations necessary to get

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Speaker 1: from planet A planet B without just popping out of existence. Yeah. Now,

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Speaker 1: we mentioned that the mentats rely on some kind of

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Speaker 1: drug that stains their lips purple. The Guilt Navigators definitely

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Speaker 1: rely on a drug, and that drug is the drug

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Speaker 1: we talked about of the opening spice, and that'll will

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Speaker 1: go more into the spice and the effects of Spice

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Speaker 1: in the second episode, but it's a key part of

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Speaker 1: their outlook of their abilities is not just this computational power,

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Speaker 1: but also sort of the ability to see the future,

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Speaker 1: which Spice gives them. Yeah, at least a very limited amount,

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Speaker 1: just so you can see where your various choices will

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Speaker 1: take you, and you can, at least in the next

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Speaker 1: few seconds, avoid the ones that will destroy you. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and therefore sort of feel your way through the dark,

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Speaker 1: uh safely from point A to point B. Yeah. And

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Speaker 1: then there's a third group of these sort of advanced

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Speaker 1: humans that I think is is maybe the most interesting

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Speaker 1: of the three, and also the hardest to pin down

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Speaker 1: and define. But they're the Binni jesster It. So, the

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Speaker 1: main character of the novel Poul Traits. His mother is Jessica,

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Speaker 1: and she's a Binny jesser At trained woman. The Benny

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Speaker 1: jesser At are a female order of super smart, very perceptive,

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Speaker 1: highly trained priestesses of some kind who haven't they haven't

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Speaker 1: they have an aptitude for politics for one. Thing like that.

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Speaker 1: They are tuned into all the finer points of human

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Speaker 1: expression that we miss every day. There's sort of human

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Speaker 1: lie detectors. They can tell what people are thinking and

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Speaker 1: what they're gonna do by micro expressions on their faces,

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Speaker 1: tonal shifts in their voices, and that they command a

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Speaker 1: sort of supreme knowledge of the human animal and how

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Speaker 1: it works. And they play a fascinating long game too,

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Speaker 1: of manipulating mythology, um mnemonics and UH and culture to

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Speaker 1: their benefit. Yeah. One of the most interesting examples of

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Speaker 1: this that comes up in the novel is the of

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Speaker 1: them is it the called the Missionary of Protectiva, which

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Speaker 1: is this fascinating idea that the this order goes throughout

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Speaker 1: the galaxy, seeding planets with mythology that later members of

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Speaker 1: the order can rely upon if they're in a pinch.

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Speaker 1: So it says, if you went to every city in

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Speaker 1: the country you live in, spreading rumors about I don't know,

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Speaker 1: prophecies about someone who would come to your community and

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Speaker 1: save it from poverty and and and everything, and then

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Speaker 1: you tell all your friends exactly what to do to

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Speaker 1: fulfill those prophecies. Yeah. Yeah, So it's a FACTULSS fail safe.

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Speaker 1: And also they were going laying the grounds for future

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Speaker 1: manipulation uh. And of course at their heart they also

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Speaker 1: have a breeding program, Yeah, which has some I think

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Speaker 1: some creepy similarities to eugenics programs. Yeah, Andy, there's definitely

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Speaker 1: a eugenic vibe to it. They're trying to breed a

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Speaker 1: specific person what they call the quizstat's hat iraq um,

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Speaker 1: a term signifying one who can be many places at once.

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Speaker 1: I thought the translation of that term was the shortening

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Speaker 1: of the way. Yes, that right, Yeah, I believe, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that is also invoked as well. But according to the

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Speaker 1: Don Appendix, in simpler terms, what they saw it is

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Speaker 1: quote a human with mental powers permitting him to understand

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Speaker 1: and use higher order dimensions. So they're trying they're essentially

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Speaker 1: trying to breed a superman tat, a human supercomputer with

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Speaker 1: from some precientabilities found in the Guild Navigators, but without

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Speaker 1: necessarily without the without necessarily having to imbue the spice. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So in a sense, they're trying to to get to

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Speaker 1: that next phase of evolution. Uh, in terms of human thinking,

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Speaker 1: the human thinking apparatus. I don't think you can make

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Speaker 1: evolution happen, just got await on it. They're determined them.

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Speaker 1: And then on top of that, you have the beneath

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Speaker 1: a Laxu who have continued to refine human form and function,

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Speaker 1: often in ways that push the envelope of a sceptabilities though,

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Speaker 1: and this you see that, you know, that post human conundrum,

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Speaker 1: like how much can you change a human and it

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Speaker 1: still be a human? Yeah? I love this aspect of

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Speaker 1: the universe, that it's so fresh and interesting that they

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Speaker 1: imagine a future without robots and computers, because robots and computers,

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Speaker 1: of course are ubiquitous and uh in science fiction, and

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Speaker 1: I think a lot of times with good reason, because

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Speaker 1: that it certainly does seem to be the trend in

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Speaker 1: human history is outsourcing all of our capabilities to machines

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Speaker 1: that can do them better or at least do them cheaper,

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Speaker 1: or I don't know, a greater scale. But here we

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Speaker 1: have human technology. It is really the wet ware future

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Speaker 1: universe where all of the things that computers used to do,

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Speaker 1: or even that you know they can't do for us

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Speaker 1: today but we only imagine they could do, are all

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Speaker 1: replaced by human perfection. Yeah, you know, and it all

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Speaker 1: makes me think two of our episodes in Techno Religion, right, so,

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Speaker 1: particularly some of the can ndrums of how do I

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Speaker 1: create a refrigerator that will operate in keeping with the

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Speaker 1: laws of the status. Right, You're you're having to advance

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Speaker 1: your technology, but do so within search certain religious frameworks

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Speaker 1: and religious guidelines. Right. Oh, yeah, because we don't want

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Speaker 1: to lose sight of that. It is dictated in the

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Speaker 1: Orange Catholic Bible. And it's not just that people sort

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Speaker 1: of frown on computers. The Bible says you shall not

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Speaker 1: do it, right, It's it's blasphemy to do this sort

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Speaker 1: of thing, so you have to you have to work

387
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Speaker 1: around it. Yeah. So the sort of upgraded advanced human

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Speaker 1: brain technology is a larger feature of the Dune universe,

389
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Speaker 1: and if we want to try to relate that to

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Speaker 1: real technology, I can't see that there's all that much

391
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Speaker 1: we could say about it, except that, of course people

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Speaker 1: can There are some people with exceptional mental abilities. People

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Speaker 1: can hone their their skills in certain areas. But I

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Speaker 1: don't know if there's a wine you can drink that

395
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Speaker 1: will make you a ment at And I'm doubtful we

396
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Speaker 1: will ever discover such a thing because I tend to

397
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Speaker 1: assume that the human mind is already operating probably a

398
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Speaker 1: pretty close to its capacity. I don't buy into this

399
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Speaker 1: whole like, you know, we only use ten percent of

400
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Speaker 1: our brains. No, yeah, yeah, that that tend to throw

401
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Speaker 1: that out the window when you start and also when

402
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Speaker 1: you start looking at like what makes an individual a genius?

403
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Speaker 1: You know, it's not just in nature, but it's also

404
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Speaker 1: in nurture. There are several different factors. And granted, I'm

405
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Speaker 1: sure that the manipulations of the big Bennie Jessa it

406
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Speaker 1: would involve both nature and nurture. But but still yeah.

407
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Speaker 1: But on the other hand, if we do want to

408
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Speaker 1: isolate specific capabilities of these people, say the capability of

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Speaker 1: the Beni Jessa to read micro expressions, I think that

410
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Speaker 1: very well could be trained in a person. Uh. And

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Speaker 1: then other things like the ability of a ment at

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Speaker 1: to recall vast amounts of information beyond what would normally

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Speaker 1: be accessible to the average humans memory. I think you

414
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Speaker 1: could compare that to what the really good people, the

415
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Speaker 1: memory athletes do, you know, like we talked about in

416
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Speaker 1: the memory Palace episode of people make these memory palaces

417
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Speaker 1: that like, how exactly does that work? Oh? That's of

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Speaker 1: course just using a different type of memory and invoking

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Speaker 1: spatial memory to to memorize say a list of terms

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Speaker 1: or a you know, or a table of information. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So if you have a list of five hundred numbers

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Speaker 1: that you could never remember, well, what if you imagine

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Speaker 1: those numbers as objects that are kind of strange oriented

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Speaker 1: in a room that you're familiar with. Some people can

425
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Speaker 1: use methods like this to recall things that we would

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Speaker 1: never normally recall. Yeah, but anyway, that's sort of the

427
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Speaker 1: the human technology and the broader universe of doing. I

428
00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:44,520
Speaker 1: think we should now zero in on the planet Done itself,

429
00:24:44,520 --> 00:24:49,000
Speaker 1: the planet Iracus, because the physical conditions on the surface

430
00:24:49,000 --> 00:24:52,760
Speaker 1: of this planet constitute a huge part of the struggle

431
00:24:52,840 --> 00:24:55,239
Speaker 1: of this book. A lot of the plot is just

432
00:24:55,359 --> 00:24:58,280
Speaker 1: based around the fact that this is a desert planet.

433
00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:03,120
Speaker 1: Water is extremely scares. People are constantly fighting to stay

434
00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:06,480
Speaker 1: alive and preserve moisture in a place where every single

435
00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:09,840
Speaker 1: drop of water wants to evaporate and disappear. Yeah. It's

436
00:25:09,840 --> 00:25:12,760
Speaker 1: like an extremely harsh life and it requires some some

437
00:25:12,880 --> 00:25:17,520
Speaker 1: rather ingenious, uh, cultural innovations, but also technological innovations. Yeah.

438
00:25:17,520 --> 00:25:19,439
Speaker 1: And I think one of the most interesting pieces of

439
00:25:19,480 --> 00:25:23,960
Speaker 1: technology we encounter in the book Dune is the still suits.

440
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:26,880
Speaker 1: So what are the still suits? All? Right? So still

441
00:25:26,920 --> 00:25:29,480
Speaker 1: suit and this is something I imagine people are definitely

442
00:25:29,520 --> 00:25:32,359
Speaker 1: familiar with from the movies and and and again may

443
00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:35,399
Speaker 1: just be familiar with outside of having ever seen or

444
00:25:35,400 --> 00:25:38,560
Speaker 1: read anything doing related. But it's a second skin worn

445
00:25:38,680 --> 00:25:42,960
Speaker 1: by the deserted inhabiting Fremen of Iracus, and it traps

446
00:25:43,000 --> 00:25:46,680
Speaker 1: body moisture and recycles it through tubes, cooling the wear

447
00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:50,399
Speaker 1: and also preventing water loss. So they collect your sweat,

448
00:25:50,480 --> 00:25:54,280
Speaker 1: your urine moisture from your fecal matter, and then coils

449
00:25:54,280 --> 00:25:55,800
Speaker 1: it around you, cools you down a bit, and then

450
00:25:55,840 --> 00:25:57,720
Speaker 1: you drink it out of a little a little straw

451
00:25:57,840 --> 00:26:00,159
Speaker 1: in your mouthpiece. Yeah. So, if you've seen pictures of

452
00:26:00,240 --> 00:26:04,320
Speaker 1: kar McLaughlin with little things dangling out of his nose

453
00:26:04,359 --> 00:26:07,359
Speaker 1: in the desert, that's probably from the movie Dune. Unless

454
00:26:07,359 --> 00:26:09,240
Speaker 1: he did in another movie with stuff hanging out of

455
00:26:09,240 --> 00:26:11,720
Speaker 1: his nose in the desert, that's from the movie Dune.

456
00:26:11,720 --> 00:26:14,480
Speaker 1: And he's wearing the at least the David Lynch version

457
00:26:14,960 --> 00:26:17,719
Speaker 1: of what the still suit looks like. The fremen you

458
00:26:17,720 --> 00:26:20,959
Speaker 1: mentioned or these are sort of the native inhabitants of

459
00:26:21,000 --> 00:26:24,560
Speaker 1: the planet Iraqus. These are the people who are perfectly

460
00:26:24,640 --> 00:26:28,720
Speaker 1: adapted over many generations to life in this extremely harsh

461
00:26:28,760 --> 00:26:32,639
Speaker 1: desert condition. Yeah, and the Fremen they take their still

462
00:26:32,640 --> 00:26:37,280
Speaker 1: suit disciplined very seriously. They don't waste any water. They

463
00:26:37,359 --> 00:26:39,800
Speaker 1: keep their still suits on unless they're in a sealed

464
00:26:39,840 --> 00:26:43,439
Speaker 1: off place that can retain moisture. And it sounds like

465
00:26:43,480 --> 00:26:46,840
Speaker 1: a rough life, but it's also very interesting is described

466
00:26:46,840 --> 00:26:49,320
Speaker 1: in the novel because of course, what happens to you

467
00:26:49,359 --> 00:26:51,960
Speaker 1: in the desert without a still suit, well, you die.

468
00:26:52,040 --> 00:26:54,760
Speaker 1: And uh, it's we're told that if you're out there

469
00:26:54,880 --> 00:26:57,800
Speaker 1: unprotected in the desert, you can't last a full day

470
00:26:57,880 --> 00:27:00,800
Speaker 1: unless you have just a massive amount of water on hand.

471
00:27:00,840 --> 00:27:02,919
Speaker 1: It just burns you right out right. But if you

472
00:27:03,040 --> 00:27:06,160
Speaker 1: have the Fremen still suit, a proper frem And still suit,

473
00:27:06,240 --> 00:27:08,600
Speaker 1: not one of those city models, you can you can

474
00:27:08,640 --> 00:27:12,200
Speaker 1: actually limit your water loss to fifteen mili leaders a day.

475
00:27:12,359 --> 00:27:15,560
Speaker 1: And so so yeah, it's an invention of of necessity

476
00:27:15,600 --> 00:27:19,800
Speaker 1: by these uh, these Fremen who were former nomads that

477
00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:23,040
Speaker 1: you know says they were in sunny noahs, in sunny

478
00:27:23,119 --> 00:27:26,520
Speaker 1: nomads who popped around from planet to planet, evidently picking

479
00:27:26,560 --> 00:27:30,440
Speaker 1: up different technologies and uh and you know, material technology

480
00:27:30,480 --> 00:27:33,760
Speaker 1: along the way, which they then implement in designing the suit. Yeah,

481
00:27:33,760 --> 00:27:36,320
Speaker 1: and So there's a scientist character in the novel Dune

482
00:27:36,400 --> 00:27:40,400
Speaker 1: named Kinds lye at Kinds, who explains how the still

483
00:27:40,400 --> 00:27:43,879
Speaker 1: suits work. Yeah, and most and again this is another

484
00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:47,400
Speaker 1: example of Herbert giving us some details, perhaps in this

485
00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:50,359
Speaker 1: case a few too many details. This we'll get into,

486
00:27:51,280 --> 00:27:54,879
Speaker 1: but leaving a lot of the the the nitty gritty

487
00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:58,240
Speaker 1: stuff to the reader to to figure out. So Kins

488
00:27:58,280 --> 00:28:01,439
Speaker 1: tells us that is still suit as a micro sandwich quote,

489
00:28:01,560 --> 00:28:05,399
Speaker 1: a high efficiency filter and heat exchange system. So you

490
00:28:05,480 --> 00:28:08,280
Speaker 1: have a layer that touches the skin that's porous, and

491
00:28:08,400 --> 00:28:11,439
Speaker 1: perspiration passes through it, and it cools the body in

492
00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:14,879
Speaker 1: a manner to maintains the existing cooling process of the bodies,

493
00:28:15,000 --> 00:28:18,239
Speaker 1: which we'll get into that's key and problematic. And then

494
00:28:18,280 --> 00:28:21,040
Speaker 1: you have two additional layers on the suit that include

495
00:28:21,160 --> 00:28:26,399
Speaker 1: heat exchange filaments and salt precipitators. Uh, the ladder of

496
00:28:26,440 --> 00:28:29,560
Speaker 1: which is used to reclaim salt. Now why do we

497
00:28:29,600 --> 00:28:31,720
Speaker 1: call it a still suit? H? What does that mean?

498
00:28:31,920 --> 00:28:36,040
Speaker 1: It's just like a moonshine still distillery. Yeah, you're separating,

499
00:28:36,440 --> 00:28:39,320
Speaker 1: which is you know, all about separating different liquids. The

500
00:28:39,440 --> 00:28:43,200
Speaker 1: still up in the Appalachian mountains. Uh, that's all about

501
00:28:43,240 --> 00:28:46,560
Speaker 1: separating alcohol. But with the still suit, it's about separating

502
00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:51,240
Speaker 1: potable water from salt, h and other waste materials in

503
00:28:51,320 --> 00:28:55,800
Speaker 1: a wear's excretions. Now, what I immediately wonder when I

504
00:28:55,920 --> 00:28:59,760
Speaker 1: encountered this concept is, Okay, that sounds very interesting. I

505
00:29:00,040 --> 00:29:02,280
Speaker 1: under if something like that could be done in real life.

506
00:29:02,320 --> 00:29:05,040
Speaker 1: But one of the main questions is where does it

507
00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:07,880
Speaker 1: get its energy from? Like how how is this distillation

508
00:29:07,960 --> 00:29:10,440
Speaker 1: process powered? Because if you think of a still you've

509
00:29:10,480 --> 00:29:13,400
Speaker 1: got to boil things. You've got to be feeding energy

510
00:29:13,440 --> 00:29:16,760
Speaker 1: into the system to power the distillation process. What's going

511
00:29:16,760 --> 00:29:19,560
Speaker 1: on in the still suit? Well, according to two kinds

512
00:29:19,600 --> 00:29:22,160
Speaker 1: and ultimately according to front of carbon here, uh, it's

513
00:29:22,200 --> 00:29:26,000
Speaker 1: all due to body movement, especially breathing, and in this

514
00:29:26,080 --> 00:29:29,480
Speaker 1: and some ausomatic action, it's providing the pumping force for

515
00:29:29,520 --> 00:29:32,360
Speaker 1: all of this water. Uh. And again, as we'll get

516
00:29:32,400 --> 00:29:35,400
Speaker 1: into that that there are a lot of questions surrounding

517
00:29:35,400 --> 00:29:38,240
Speaker 1: how that would actually work. But then, of course, once

518
00:29:38,320 --> 00:29:41,800
Speaker 1: the water gets distilled, it gets filtered into these things

519
00:29:41,840 --> 00:29:44,160
Speaker 1: that they talked about in the novel called catch pockets,

520
00:29:44,640 --> 00:29:46,840
Speaker 1: which is great because then you just got a little

521
00:29:46,880 --> 00:29:49,240
Speaker 1: straw and you can just suck the water straight out

522
00:29:49,240 --> 00:29:52,000
Speaker 1: of your suit when you're thirsty. Yeah. Yeah, and um

523
00:29:52,120 --> 00:29:55,440
Speaker 1: used to be your p Now it's tasty desert water. Yeah.

524
00:29:55,440 --> 00:29:57,960
Speaker 1: And it and urine and feces are processed in your

525
00:29:58,000 --> 00:30:01,200
Speaker 1: thigh pads, which is a detail remember kind of sticking

526
00:30:01,200 --> 00:30:03,040
Speaker 1: on when I read this for the first time, like

527
00:30:03,040 --> 00:30:05,479
Speaker 1: back in junior higher high school. Yeah, they just mentioned

528
00:30:05,480 --> 00:30:08,160
Speaker 1: that so briefly. Yeah, because it also it makes it

529
00:30:08,160 --> 00:30:11,120
Speaker 1: makes you feel like you're you're probably constantly aware of

530
00:30:11,160 --> 00:30:13,920
Speaker 1: the like the poop cakes that are stored in your

531
00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:16,480
Speaker 1: in the thighs of your your pants. I'm like, Frank,

532
00:30:16,720 --> 00:30:19,160
Speaker 1: tell me more about the feces. I've got to know,

533
00:30:19,640 --> 00:30:21,400
Speaker 1: Like does it We were talking about this the other day,

534
00:30:21,400 --> 00:30:23,720
Speaker 1: Like does it? Like I was kind of imagining it's

535
00:30:23,800 --> 00:30:26,360
Speaker 1: it's kind of cleaning out of the filter on your dryer,

536
00:30:26,680 --> 00:30:29,320
Speaker 1: except every so often a freman has to stop and

537
00:30:29,360 --> 00:30:34,160
Speaker 1: remove this this flat cake of like super dry poop. Yeah.

538
00:30:34,480 --> 00:30:37,000
Speaker 1: I imagine it, for some reason as a powder. Okay,

539
00:30:37,160 --> 00:30:38,680
Speaker 1: I think that would make sense to Yeah, if you

540
00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:41,760
Speaker 1: if you've removed all of the liquid from it, I

541
00:30:41,760 --> 00:30:44,320
Speaker 1: guess it could pretty easily be disintegrated into a powder.

542
00:30:44,360 --> 00:30:46,240
Speaker 1: You can just sort of dust out the back of

543
00:30:46,240 --> 00:30:48,560
Speaker 1: your suit. Yeah, I can see that working. You just

544
00:30:48,720 --> 00:30:51,320
Speaker 1: drop your poop powder. And then again, if it's a powder,

545
00:30:51,360 --> 00:30:53,840
Speaker 1: you might be that you might easily inhale it. I

546
00:30:53,840 --> 00:30:57,480
Speaker 1: don't know. Speaking of breathing, that's another way your body

547
00:30:57,520 --> 00:31:01,080
Speaker 1: loses moisture. Right, every time you exhale your you're wasting

548
00:31:01,120 --> 00:31:04,440
Speaker 1: some precious water vapors going straight out your nose, that's right.

549
00:31:04,480 --> 00:31:07,520
Speaker 1: And that's why on the still suit you breathe in

550
00:31:07,560 --> 00:31:10,280
Speaker 1: through a mouth filter and you breathe out through the nose,

551
00:31:10,320 --> 00:31:12,720
Speaker 1: and then you have that little nostril too. That's supposedly

552
00:31:12,760 --> 00:31:16,320
Speaker 1: reclaiming moisture. From your explanation, and that's pretty much it, right,

553
00:31:16,360 --> 00:31:18,840
Speaker 1: I mean, Herbert doesn't give us all that much detail

554
00:31:18,920 --> 00:31:21,560
Speaker 1: and exactly how the still suit works, despite how important

555
00:31:21,600 --> 00:31:24,080
Speaker 1: it is in the novel, that's right. So it we

556
00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:27,440
Speaker 1: have to turn to uh two expert commentators to figure

557
00:31:27,440 --> 00:31:30,600
Speaker 1: out exactly how it might work and how it maybe

558
00:31:30,640 --> 00:31:34,640
Speaker 1: doesn't work based on our current technological understanding. Okay, is there? Uh?

559
00:31:34,960 --> 00:31:37,480
Speaker 1: Should we should we go first to the dune Encyclopedia

560
00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:39,480
Speaker 1: or the science of dune. Um? I think we're gonna

561
00:31:39,480 --> 00:31:41,160
Speaker 1: go to science of Dune first, because I think this

562
00:31:41,200 --> 00:31:44,600
Speaker 1: has the most robust explanation, and then the and then

563
00:31:44,640 --> 00:31:48,280
Speaker 1: the doing encyclopedia potentially fills in some some gaps. So

564
00:31:48,320 --> 00:31:51,080
Speaker 1: the still suit article wasn't by the editor Grazier, but

565
00:31:51,240 --> 00:31:53,960
Speaker 1: was by a different guy. Yes, NASA engineer John C.

566
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:58,240
Speaker 1: Smith wrote this one. UH. The top tackles the topic

567
00:31:58,280 --> 00:32:01,560
Speaker 1: at some length in the piece still suit UH. He

568
00:32:01,680 --> 00:32:03,960
Speaker 1: points out that we've seen a lot of still suit

569
00:32:04,000 --> 00:32:07,080
Speaker 1: patents over the decades since the release of doone, but

570
00:32:07,160 --> 00:32:09,800
Speaker 1: they all kind of muck up the thermodynamics, and the

571
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:13,800
Speaker 1: thermodynamics are really one of the sticking points here, um

572
00:32:13,880 --> 00:32:16,560
Speaker 1: he made. Ultimately, he maintains that if you take a

573
00:32:16,640 --> 00:32:20,560
Speaker 1: strict literal interpretation of Herberge writing the still suit quote

574
00:32:20,600 --> 00:32:23,520
Speaker 1: probably would not work and most likely would cook the

575
00:32:23,560 --> 00:32:29,400
Speaker 1: wear like a croc pile. Yeah, that's awesome, you know.

576
00:32:29,440 --> 00:32:32,840
Speaker 1: And yet we can we can certainly envision technological advancements

577
00:32:32,880 --> 00:32:35,080
Speaker 1: that would make a still suit possible in the future.

578
00:32:35,120 --> 00:32:37,440
Speaker 1: And and since we're talking about a sci fi realm

579
00:32:37,520 --> 00:32:41,880
Speaker 1: thirteen thousand years in the future, that's certainly time enough

580
00:32:41,920 --> 00:32:46,800
Speaker 1: for various UH technologies and especially meta materials to come online.

581
00:32:46,840 --> 00:32:50,040
Speaker 1: To enable it. Right. Well, okay, well maybe we should

582
00:32:50,080 --> 00:32:52,640
Speaker 1: look at this one energy loss source at a time.

583
00:32:53,440 --> 00:32:58,120
Speaker 1: So let's think about sweat first. Sow does something really important.

584
00:32:58,320 --> 00:33:00,560
Speaker 1: It cools you. And this might not always be the

585
00:33:00,600 --> 00:33:02,960
Speaker 1: case if you live in a very moist environment where

586
00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:04,920
Speaker 1: it's hard for the sweat to evaporate. But if you're

587
00:33:04,920 --> 00:33:07,440
Speaker 1: in a place like Aracus, if you're in a desert

588
00:33:07,560 --> 00:33:12,360
Speaker 1: environment and dry environment and you're sweating, that evaporation is

589
00:33:12,360 --> 00:33:15,160
Speaker 1: bringing your temperature down right, I mean it's even taking

590
00:33:15,160 --> 00:33:17,680
Speaker 1: place on just a you know, a very ambient level um.

591
00:33:17,880 --> 00:33:21,120
Speaker 1: Failure to sweat leads to heat stroke in death and

592
00:33:21,320 --> 00:33:23,960
Speaker 1: h It's Smith points out in his in his piece

593
00:33:23,960 --> 00:33:27,240
Speaker 1: here the Golden Gal and gold Finger, he might remember

594
00:33:27,320 --> 00:33:30,480
Speaker 1: she's painted gold and then she dies. Uh. It's often uh,

595
00:33:30,560 --> 00:33:33,040
Speaker 1: you know they're saying, oh, she's suffocated, but in reality,

596
00:33:33,120 --> 00:33:35,000
Speaker 1: she would he says, she would probably die from heat stroke.

597
00:33:35,120 --> 00:33:37,200
Speaker 1: I feel like I've heard a lot of disputes about

598
00:33:37,240 --> 00:33:40,120
Speaker 1: whether that person who's got the full body paint job

599
00:33:40,160 --> 00:33:42,920
Speaker 1: would survive or not. I think I've read people saying

600
00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:46,760
Speaker 1: that that wouldn't actually kill you. Yeah, I think I've

601
00:33:46,760 --> 00:33:48,520
Speaker 1: seen people go back and forth on that as well,

602
00:33:49,040 --> 00:33:51,320
Speaker 1: all of us missing probably the point that they just

603
00:33:51,360 --> 00:33:54,360
Speaker 1: wanted to put up dead naked golden lady on the

604
00:33:54,400 --> 00:33:58,040
Speaker 1: screen there. But but either way, if you enclose the

605
00:33:58,200 --> 00:34:01,520
Speaker 1: entire body in a sealed suit like us, you're courting

606
00:34:01,560 --> 00:34:03,440
Speaker 1: death in the form of heat stroke. And that's one

607
00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:06,680
Speaker 1: of the primary design flaws with a still suit. Even

608
00:34:06,720 --> 00:34:10,000
Speaker 1: when inactive, the body has to dissipate about ninety wots

609
00:34:10,000 --> 00:34:12,359
Speaker 1: of heat just to balance out the heat of your metabolism.

610
00:34:12,760 --> 00:34:15,440
Speaker 1: So even if you're not who I'm sweaty, sweat is

611
00:34:15,480 --> 00:34:18,600
Speaker 1: still an important process. Most of the most of the

612
00:34:18,640 --> 00:34:21,880
Speaker 1: body heat arises from the liver, the brain, heart, and muscles,

613
00:34:21,960 --> 00:34:26,120
Speaker 1: and uh it's dissipated through blood circulation at the skin

614
00:34:26,239 --> 00:34:30,360
Speaker 1: level along with the primary method of sweating. So even

615
00:34:30,440 --> 00:34:34,759
Speaker 1: when passes sweat glands excrete excrete point six ms of

616
00:34:34,800 --> 00:34:38,719
Speaker 1: perspiration per day, maximum rate one point five liters per hour.

617
00:34:39,000 --> 00:34:40,799
Speaker 1: And it's also worth noting you see images of people

618
00:34:40,800 --> 00:34:43,759
Speaker 1: throwing the hood back on that that's still superfood is essential. Yeah,

619
00:34:43,760 --> 00:34:47,840
Speaker 1: in the movie, the hood is essential because your ekron

620
00:34:47,960 --> 00:34:50,000
Speaker 1: sweat glands are all over the body, but they have

621
00:34:50,040 --> 00:34:53,600
Speaker 1: the highest concentration in the forehead and the ecron sweat glands.

622
00:34:53,760 --> 00:34:55,560
Speaker 1: Those are the ones that are tied, uh, you know,

623
00:34:55,600 --> 00:34:58,239
Speaker 1: exclusively to cooling, not to be confused with any that

624
00:34:58,280 --> 00:35:01,880
Speaker 1: have hormonal issues. Yeah, so you said that. John C.

625
00:35:02,000 --> 00:35:05,360
Speaker 1: Smith mentions that there are patents out for still suits.

626
00:35:05,600 --> 00:35:08,759
Speaker 1: I tried to find an example of a still suit

627
00:35:08,800 --> 00:35:10,640
Speaker 1: in the wild. I was looking around on the internet

628
00:35:10,680 --> 00:35:13,560
Speaker 1: to see if anybody had made one. I didn't find one.

629
00:35:13,800 --> 00:35:18,279
Speaker 1: I did find a Gizmodo article from July proclaiming in

630
00:35:18,320 --> 00:35:21,759
Speaker 1: the headline quote the sweat to water purifier real life

631
00:35:21,800 --> 00:35:26,480
Speaker 1: dune still suit will save lives. Unfortunately, this was interesting

632
00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:28,480
Speaker 1: but turned out to be kind of an exaggeration, so

633
00:35:28,560 --> 00:35:32,480
Speaker 1: it referred back to a BBC article about this inventor

634
00:35:32,560 --> 00:35:36,719
Speaker 1: named Andreas Hammer who he invented a device called the

635
00:35:36,760 --> 00:35:40,080
Speaker 1: sweat machine, which was designed to reclaim and distill water

636
00:35:40,280 --> 00:35:44,400
Speaker 1: from sweaty clothing through a process known as membrane distillation,

637
00:35:44,800 --> 00:35:49,040
Speaker 1: and essentially the machine spins clothing in a centrifuge to

638
00:35:49,160 --> 00:35:50,880
Speaker 1: pull all the liquids out. So if you have a

639
00:35:50,960 --> 00:35:55,080
Speaker 1: high efficiency washing machine, uh that it does the same thing,

640
00:35:55,160 --> 00:35:57,400
Speaker 1: though maybe not to the same level of extraction as

641
00:35:57,440 --> 00:36:00,400
Speaker 1: the centerfuge. But the idea is that I have ficiency

642
00:36:00,400 --> 00:36:03,520
Speaker 1: washing machine spins the wet clothes really fast to drain

643
00:36:03,560 --> 00:36:06,200
Speaker 1: out all of the moisture, and then the clothes spend

644
00:36:06,320 --> 00:36:09,960
Speaker 1: less time in the energy gobbling dryer, but in the

645
00:36:09,960 --> 00:36:12,719
Speaker 1: sweat machine instead of the washer water, it's pulling out

646
00:36:12,760 --> 00:36:18,000
Speaker 1: some salty, nasty sweat and then it distills that liquid

647
00:36:18,920 --> 00:36:22,880
Speaker 1: by heating it and then circulating it between two membranes.

648
00:36:22,920 --> 00:36:25,759
Speaker 1: And basically the way the membranes work is that the

649
00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:28,640
Speaker 1: membranes are hot on the sweaty side and cool on

650
00:36:28,680 --> 00:36:32,319
Speaker 1: the other side, and this creates a vapor pressure differential

651
00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:36,160
Speaker 1: that pulls water and only water, so not all of

652
00:36:36,200 --> 00:36:39,000
Speaker 1: the other molecules, just the H two O molecules through

653
00:36:39,040 --> 00:36:41,799
Speaker 1: the membrane and leaves all the other stuff on the

654
00:36:41,840 --> 00:36:45,400
Speaker 1: other side. So they say that one sweaty T shirt

655
00:36:45,440 --> 00:36:49,600
Speaker 1: typically contains roughly ten million leaders are about point three ounces,

656
00:36:49,680 --> 00:36:52,719
Speaker 1: which is about a mouthful of water. Okay, so this

657
00:36:52,800 --> 00:36:55,080
Speaker 1: is your sweaty T shirt is a sip Okay, So

658
00:36:55,120 --> 00:36:58,759
Speaker 1: it's a it's a a body water reclamation technology, but

659
00:36:58,880 --> 00:37:02,399
Speaker 1: not something that you could actually using a suit, no, unfortunately,

660
00:37:02,480 --> 00:37:04,640
Speaker 1: so you can drink it they say it's cleaner than

661
00:37:04,680 --> 00:37:07,880
Speaker 1: tap water, and they even they cited one example of

662
00:37:07,920 --> 00:37:10,400
Speaker 1: when they served the product of this machine to a

663
00:37:10,400 --> 00:37:13,680
Speaker 1: bunch of people in the public at this event called

664
00:37:13,719 --> 00:37:16,520
Speaker 1: the Gothia Cup in Gothenburg, Sweden. I looked it up.

665
00:37:16,560 --> 00:37:21,440
Speaker 1: That's like a football slash soccer tournament. Uh, And it's interesting.

666
00:37:21,480 --> 00:37:23,480
Speaker 1: But looking at the setup of the machine, I can't

667
00:37:23,480 --> 00:37:26,200
Speaker 1: really see how this could be incorporated into a feasible

668
00:37:26,239 --> 00:37:29,759
Speaker 1: body suit. It's pretty big, especially given the necessity of

669
00:37:29,840 --> 00:37:33,040
Speaker 1: the center fugere process to extract the liquid in the beginning. Like,

670
00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:37,600
Speaker 1: you couldn't have the machine be part of a suit

671
00:37:37,960 --> 00:37:40,640
Speaker 1: if it needs to extract the liquid from the suit.

672
00:37:41,800 --> 00:37:44,520
Speaker 1: So I don't really begrudge them a cool headline referring

673
00:37:44,560 --> 00:37:47,520
Speaker 1: to a still suit, but the comparison doesn't really seem

674
00:37:47,520 --> 00:37:51,799
Speaker 1: app to me. But it is an interesting invention nonetheless,

675
00:37:51,880 --> 00:37:54,600
Speaker 1: And of course sweat is not the only way the

676
00:37:54,640 --> 00:37:58,600
Speaker 1: body wastes precious moisture. As if H two O, we're

677
00:37:58,640 --> 00:38:01,279
Speaker 1: just cheap and abundance. As we mentioned already, you got

678
00:38:01,360 --> 00:38:04,840
Speaker 1: to take into account of urine. It's water. The rest

679
00:38:04,960 --> 00:38:09,120
Speaker 1: is metabolic waste, salts, organic materials. You can drink a

680
00:38:09,160 --> 00:38:11,000
Speaker 1: little lot of it and feel okay, and some people

681
00:38:11,040 --> 00:38:14,080
Speaker 1: even claim therapeutic benefits. But it's ultimately like cutting your

682
00:38:14,160 --> 00:38:16,640
Speaker 1: kidneys out of the waste removal process if you just

683
00:38:16,719 --> 00:38:19,719
Speaker 1: keep guzzling urine. Uh. So you have to take the

684
00:38:19,719 --> 00:38:22,040
Speaker 1: waste out. And of course this is also a very

685
00:38:22,080 --> 00:38:26,880
Speaker 1: real area of of waste processing technology. Sure. Yeah, reclaiming

686
00:38:26,960 --> 00:38:29,879
Speaker 1: water from urine is something that happens in space all

687
00:38:29,920 --> 00:38:33,560
Speaker 1: the time, for example, so shipping water to space is

688
00:38:33,719 --> 00:38:37,040
Speaker 1: really expensive. We talked about the costs of of getting

689
00:38:37,080 --> 00:38:40,120
Speaker 1: cargo into orbit before. Uh it's hard to put an

690
00:38:40,120 --> 00:38:42,719
Speaker 1: exact figure on the cost per pound to lower th

691
00:38:42,800 --> 00:38:45,680
Speaker 1: orbit today, but traditionally around estimate they used to give

692
00:38:45,760 --> 00:38:48,480
Speaker 1: was ten dollars per pound. We don't know how much

693
00:38:48,480 --> 00:38:52,239
Speaker 1: it costs today, but it's expensive. Um And you know

694
00:38:52,320 --> 00:38:54,359
Speaker 1: that great feeling you get when you've just been doing

695
00:38:54,480 --> 00:38:57,160
Speaker 1: strenuous exercise and then you sit down and drink a

696
00:38:57,160 --> 00:39:00,680
Speaker 1: whole glass of water at once. Astronauts the I s

697
00:39:00,680 --> 00:39:04,120
Speaker 1: s have to exercise all the time to mitigate the

698
00:39:04,120 --> 00:39:06,760
Speaker 1: effects of bone and muscle density loss that you experience

699
00:39:06,800 --> 00:39:12,840
Speaker 1: in microgravity. UM. So, without reclamation efforts, that refreshing glass

700
00:39:12,880 --> 00:39:14,759
Speaker 1: of water you get right after an hour on the

701
00:39:14,800 --> 00:39:17,120
Speaker 1: treadmill is gonna you know, that might be a ten

702
00:39:17,160 --> 00:39:21,600
Speaker 1: thousand dollar glass of water. Who knows. Uh. So instead

703
00:39:21,600 --> 00:39:24,120
Speaker 1: of constantly shipping up new water, the crew members on

704
00:39:24,160 --> 00:39:27,000
Speaker 1: the I S S rely on in UH. It's called

705
00:39:27,040 --> 00:39:29,960
Speaker 1: the Environmental Control and Life Support System, or the e

706
00:39:30,000 --> 00:39:33,160
Speaker 1: c l s S, and that has within it water

707
00:39:33,239 --> 00:39:37,240
Speaker 1: reclamation system. So when the astronauts exhale some hot moist

708
00:39:37,400 --> 00:39:41,279
Speaker 1: breath on each other, the habitat can recycle and reclaim it.

709
00:39:41,760 --> 00:39:44,560
Speaker 1: When the astronauts p or spit in the sink during

710
00:39:44,680 --> 00:39:48,279
Speaker 1: oral hygiene routines, the station can capture that water. In

711
00:39:48,360 --> 00:39:50,560
Speaker 1: a space dot Com article I read about this, the

712
00:39:50,960 --> 00:39:54,960
Speaker 1: author Denise Chow said that without the recycling system UH,

713
00:39:55,040 --> 00:39:58,440
Speaker 1: an average of roughly ten thousand pounds of water per

714
00:39:58,480 --> 00:40:02,080
Speaker 1: crew member would be quired from Earth each year to

715
00:40:02,200 --> 00:40:06,400
Speaker 1: keep the station properly functioning. So it's it's kind of

716
00:40:06,440 --> 00:40:08,759
Speaker 1: being in space is kind of like being on Iraqus.

717
00:40:08,800 --> 00:40:11,399
Speaker 1: Like you know, it's it's very it's mighty precious. You've

718
00:40:11,400 --> 00:40:14,000
Speaker 1: got to hang onto it. And so there have been

719
00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:17,120
Speaker 1: a lot of efforts at research for reclaiming water for

720
00:40:17,160 --> 00:40:20,239
Speaker 1: space missions. Early space missions like the Apollo missions came

721
00:40:20,320 --> 00:40:25,440
Speaker 1: up with solutions like electrolytics, silver ion generators, and apparently

722
00:40:25,440 --> 00:40:29,040
Speaker 1: these could disinfect drinking water. They would like remove bacteria

723
00:40:29,120 --> 00:40:31,319
Speaker 1: from the water without having to dump a bunch of

724
00:40:31,440 --> 00:40:34,480
Speaker 1: bleach or other chemicals in there. Uh. And then today

725
00:40:34,560 --> 00:40:37,880
Speaker 1: the I s S uses a more complex filtration system

726
00:40:37,920 --> 00:40:40,840
Speaker 1: that's got three steps. It's basically got a a filter

727
00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:44,080
Speaker 1: step that gets out particles and junk from the liquid,

728
00:40:44,640 --> 00:40:47,719
Speaker 1: and then they push it through a semi permeable membrane

729
00:40:48,400 --> 00:40:51,600
Speaker 1: that has these substances and in it that that pull

730
00:40:51,640 --> 00:40:56,360
Speaker 1: out organic materials. And then finally they have a catalytic

731
00:40:56,480 --> 00:41:01,200
Speaker 1: oxidation reactor and that kills bacteria and it takes all

732
00:41:01,239 --> 00:41:04,040
Speaker 1: the other organic compounds out of it. But of course

733
00:41:04,120 --> 00:41:06,480
Speaker 1: that's at the space station level. Is still not a suit.

734
00:41:07,000 --> 00:41:11,440
Speaker 1: Could you shrink it down to the individual level? Sort of,

735
00:41:11,600 --> 00:41:15,839
Speaker 1: but not exactly so uh. NASA scientists have equipped at

736
00:41:15,880 --> 00:41:19,160
Speaker 1: least some astronauts headed for the is S with test

737
00:41:19,200 --> 00:41:24,000
Speaker 1: demonstrations of personal sized water purification bags that don't drain

738
00:41:24,160 --> 00:41:27,799
Speaker 1: energy like the large scale recycling systems, but instead depend

739
00:41:27,840 --> 00:41:31,200
Speaker 1: on this process known as forward osmosis. Generally, this concept

740
00:41:31,280 --> 00:41:36,560
Speaker 1: is called the forward osmosis bag or fob FLb. Yeah,

741
00:41:36,600 --> 00:41:39,400
Speaker 1: and so forward osmosis takes place when you've got two

742
00:41:39,520 --> 00:41:43,840
Speaker 1: liquid solutions separated by another one of these semi permeable membranes.

743
00:41:44,520 --> 00:41:47,359
Speaker 1: One of the liquid solutions is a lower concentration that

744
00:41:47,400 --> 00:41:50,080
Speaker 1: this is probably gonna be your dirty water, and then

745
00:41:50,120 --> 00:41:53,960
Speaker 1: one has a higher concentration, and that's this electrolyte filled solution,

746
00:41:54,040 --> 00:41:57,080
Speaker 1: which I think is like gatorade or or something pretty

747
00:41:57,120 --> 00:41:59,960
Speaker 1: much along those lines. And then the water flows now

748
00:42:00,040 --> 00:42:03,319
Speaker 1: truly from the lower concentration solution to the higher and

749
00:42:03,360 --> 00:42:06,520
Speaker 1: the semi permeability of the membrane means that it allows

750
00:42:06,560 --> 00:42:09,840
Speaker 1: water molecules to pass through, but not larger molecules or

751
00:42:09,880 --> 00:42:14,040
Speaker 1: objects like bacteria and proteins. From what I can tell,

752
00:42:14,120 --> 00:42:17,120
Speaker 1: NASA is still investigating how well and under what conditions

753
00:42:17,160 --> 00:42:20,759
Speaker 1: these devices work. I read a Wired report in that

754
00:42:20,880 --> 00:42:23,360
Speaker 1: said that they hadn't been able at that time to

755
00:42:23,440 --> 00:42:26,239
Speaker 1: prevent urrea, which is a waste product that you find

756
00:42:26,239 --> 00:42:29,920
Speaker 1: in urine, from getting through in the osmosis bag. But

757
00:42:30,080 --> 00:42:34,120
Speaker 1: apparently a Japanese TV crew member decided to try some

758
00:42:34,160 --> 00:42:36,719
Speaker 1: of the product of the forward osmosis bag. Despite the

759
00:42:37,000 --> 00:42:40,399
Speaker 1: despite that warning, and he said it tasted like capri son.

760
00:42:41,520 --> 00:42:45,160
Speaker 1: So there's your your free ad for capri Son. A

761
00:42:45,200 --> 00:42:47,680
Speaker 1: more recent work I found on the it's a NASA

762
00:42:47,719 --> 00:42:51,200
Speaker 1: research report from that mentioned the fact that these osmosis

763
00:42:51,200 --> 00:42:55,520
Speaker 1: powered devices works slower in microgravity, and they're testing ways

764
00:42:55,560 --> 00:42:59,360
Speaker 1: of solving that problem. But okay, so sweat you're in

765
00:43:00,320 --> 00:43:03,319
Speaker 1: kind of gross but at least basically liquid. Are we

766
00:43:03,360 --> 00:43:06,400
Speaker 1: ready to talk about feces? Uh? Well, we are in

767
00:43:06,440 --> 00:43:09,480
Speaker 1: the podcast. With the larger concern is that we're really

768
00:43:09,520 --> 00:43:14,600
Speaker 1: not as a civilization. UM. Feces is of course water.

769
00:43:14,920 --> 00:43:19,200
Speaker 1: The rest is undigested food bacteria. But but there's water

770
00:43:19,239 --> 00:43:22,919
Speaker 1: in there, water that is ideally worth reclaiming. But we've

771
00:43:22,960 --> 00:43:27,879
Speaker 1: actually seen far fewer studies regarding fecal water reclamation. Though.

772
00:43:28,440 --> 00:43:31,239
Speaker 1: The thing is, of course this takes place as does

773
00:43:31,400 --> 00:43:35,080
Speaker 1: urine water reclamations, sweat, recular reclamation, whatever, via the natural

774
00:43:35,120 --> 00:43:39,640
Speaker 1: water cycle on our on the planet itself. Now. In

775
00:43:39,880 --> 00:43:43,000
Speaker 1: his um say, Smith points to a University of Colorado

776
00:43:43,040 --> 00:43:46,520
Speaker 1: study on water recycling for a MARS mission that found

777
00:43:46,560 --> 00:43:51,120
Speaker 1: that reclaim water would be minimal from from specs uh,

778
00:43:51,160 --> 00:43:54,040
Speaker 1: and that they'd also have to factory in quote psychological

779
00:43:54,080 --> 00:43:58,399
Speaker 1: concerns unquote for the crew and so in in this yeah,

780
00:43:58,440 --> 00:44:02,920
Speaker 1: and this we get back to the psychological contagion inherent

781
00:44:03,040 --> 00:44:06,000
Speaker 1: in any water reclamation effort. And uh, I mean, I've

782
00:44:06,000 --> 00:44:09,600
Speaker 1: I've blogged about this in the past. You have to

783
00:44:09,600 --> 00:44:12,920
Speaker 1: be able to wrap your mind around the the fact

784
00:44:13,080 --> 00:44:15,120
Speaker 1: that the water you're drinking used to be urine or

785
00:44:15,239 --> 00:44:17,560
Speaker 1: used to be part of poop when really, I mean

786
00:44:17,600 --> 00:44:20,799
Speaker 1: you can essentially say any water you drink was you

787
00:44:20,920 --> 00:44:22,840
Speaker 1: may have been poop at some point in the past,

788
00:44:23,160 --> 00:44:27,160
Speaker 1: may have been dying almost certainly, right. But but yeah,

789
00:44:27,200 --> 00:44:29,359
Speaker 1: you have to deal with you know, how is the

790
00:44:29,400 --> 00:44:33,000
Speaker 1: how is the user in that experience working out? And

791
00:44:33,040 --> 00:44:38,560
Speaker 1: it's uh, it's it's interesting because it could be done. Uh,

792
00:44:38,600 --> 00:44:40,319
Speaker 1: and we we just haven't faced to die or enough

793
00:44:40,360 --> 00:44:43,479
Speaker 1: circumstance despite the fact that we're talking about a trip

794
00:44:43,520 --> 00:44:46,840
Speaker 1: to Mars here um. Interestingly enough, in the book Packing

795
00:44:46,880 --> 00:44:50,520
Speaker 1: for Mars by Mary Roach, she mentions that NASA scientists

796
00:44:50,680 --> 00:44:54,560
Speaker 1: at one point we are actually pondered recycling fecal matter

797
00:44:54,680 --> 00:44:57,960
Speaker 1: into food, but they never pursued it at all, just

798
00:44:58,000 --> 00:45:00,239
Speaker 1: because of that ig factor. And part of this Sushi

799
00:45:00,320 --> 00:45:03,080
Speaker 1: lays out it. You have at the time, you know,

800
00:45:03,160 --> 00:45:06,000
Speaker 1: or especially early on in the space program, you have

801
00:45:06,040 --> 00:45:09,000
Speaker 1: the very sort of cowboy mentality of the you know,

802
00:45:09,080 --> 00:45:12,560
Speaker 1: the x uh uh test pilots who are becoming astronauts,

803
00:45:12,840 --> 00:45:15,160
Speaker 1: the explorers, and then you have the scientists, and the

804
00:45:15,239 --> 00:45:19,399
Speaker 1: scientists are are are more inclined to to present some

805
00:45:19,520 --> 00:45:22,279
Speaker 1: out there notions such as what if you could eat

806
00:45:22,320 --> 00:45:24,719
Speaker 1: portions of the spaceship. That was another idea that came

807
00:45:24,760 --> 00:45:28,840
Speaker 1: on eating What if the like the insulation itself was food,

808
00:45:29,480 --> 00:45:32,520
Speaker 1: or you know, making small cakes out of out of poop,

809
00:45:32,880 --> 00:45:34,560
Speaker 1: and of course the astronauts themselves we're not going to

810
00:45:34,640 --> 00:45:36,920
Speaker 1: go for that idea on any level again, due to

811
00:45:36,920 --> 00:45:42,880
Speaker 1: the psychological contagion inherent in fecal water reclamation. That's so gross,

812
00:45:42,920 --> 00:45:45,279
Speaker 1: I gotta admit. I mean, it's one of those things

813
00:45:45,280 --> 00:45:47,480
Speaker 1: where I wonder if there's an equivalent to the mentor

814
00:45:47,800 --> 00:45:51,479
Speaker 1: the Benny jesserat the Guild navigator, the person who has

815
00:45:51,680 --> 00:45:56,160
Speaker 1: upgraded their mental faculties to escape the factor it's an

816
00:45:56,400 --> 00:46:00,600
Speaker 1: iculis human the person who eats poop with no qualms. Yeah,

817
00:46:00,640 --> 00:46:02,799
Speaker 1: I mean, you know, I guess again it just comes

818
00:46:02,800 --> 00:46:04,719
Speaker 1: down to are you in a dire enough condition and

819
00:46:04,760 --> 00:46:10,000
Speaker 1: aracous is that is that environment? Now Smith coming back

820
00:46:10,040 --> 00:46:14,480
Speaker 1: to sweating itself though, uh Smith has a real problem

821
00:46:14,520 --> 00:46:18,080
Speaker 1: with the idea that the suit would allow your normal

822
00:46:18,640 --> 00:46:23,640
Speaker 1: sweat process to to carry on um because because as

823
00:46:23,680 --> 00:46:26,160
Speaker 1: we'll discuss, it's not just a matter of water leaving

824
00:46:26,160 --> 00:46:30,600
Speaker 1: your body and now you're cool um. You need an

825
00:46:30,600 --> 00:46:33,520
Speaker 1: evaporation to take place, and he doubts that quote near

826
00:46:33,600 --> 00:46:36,880
Speaker 1: normal evaporation process would even be possible in a still

827
00:46:36,920 --> 00:46:40,200
Speaker 1: suit for UH. For organic cooling to take place, sweat

828
00:46:40,280 --> 00:46:42,799
Speaker 1: must go through a phase change from a liquid to

829
00:46:42,920 --> 00:46:45,839
Speaker 1: vapor in order to remove heat and cool the skin.

830
00:46:45,920 --> 00:46:49,799
Speaker 1: So it's an endothermic process, and moving sweat away just

831
00:46:50,040 --> 00:46:54,640
Speaker 1: whisk wicking it away, as with specially designed workout garments,

832
00:46:54,800 --> 00:46:58,239
Speaker 1: that just merely makes your skin dryer, not cooler. That's

833
00:46:58,239 --> 00:47:01,960
Speaker 1: why so called wicking fabric u which use a passive

834
00:47:02,040 --> 00:47:04,920
Speaker 1: capillary action to move sweat from your skin to the

835
00:47:04,960 --> 00:47:08,440
Speaker 1: outer surface of your workout garment. They help you stay

836
00:47:08,440 --> 00:47:12,480
Speaker 1: warm during cold weather workouts. You're interfering in the natural

837
00:47:12,520 --> 00:47:17,320
Speaker 1: cooling process, not not level because it's not skin tight,

838
00:47:17,800 --> 00:47:22,640
Speaker 1: not completely, but it's still preventing sweat from doing what

839
00:47:22,800 --> 00:47:24,960
Speaker 1: it does. And I think anybody who's ever worn a

840
00:47:25,000 --> 00:47:28,279
Speaker 1: scuba suit outside of the water in the sun for

841
00:47:28,320 --> 00:47:30,160
Speaker 1: an amount of time can probably attest to that. You

842
00:47:30,200 --> 00:47:33,120
Speaker 1: can you can overheat really quickly in that environment because

843
00:47:33,120 --> 00:47:35,480
Speaker 1: it's making such close contact with the skin. When I

844
00:47:35,520 --> 00:47:38,720
Speaker 1: was watching the David Lynch Dune movie, I was looking

845
00:47:38,760 --> 00:47:43,200
Speaker 1: at those actors and thinking like, wow, that looks really hot. Yeah.

846
00:47:43,280 --> 00:47:46,040
Speaker 1: I mean apparently these were these were thin latex body suits,

847
00:47:46,080 --> 00:47:49,040
Speaker 1: and of course they were not functional still suits, so

848
00:47:49,320 --> 00:47:53,600
Speaker 1: they were having to deal with without with overheating, you know,

849
00:47:53,640 --> 00:47:57,160
Speaker 1: falling out from the heat. Uh. And interestingly enough, Patrick

850
00:47:57,239 --> 00:47:59,480
Speaker 1: Stewart has apparently gone on records saying it's the the

851
00:48:00,080 --> 00:48:03,480
Speaker 1: us comfortable thing he ever wore for for any kind

852
00:48:03,520 --> 00:48:05,719
Speaker 1: of a film or TV project. And this is from

853
00:48:05,760 --> 00:48:08,799
Speaker 1: the guy who you know who had to wear that

854
00:48:08,840 --> 00:48:12,000
Speaker 1: awful Starfleet uniform. Um. I was not aware of this,

855
00:48:12,080 --> 00:48:15,880
Speaker 1: but apparently they call it the the Picard maneuver. If

856
00:48:15,880 --> 00:48:17,960
Speaker 1: you watch it enough, you'll see that he's always tugging

857
00:48:17,960 --> 00:48:19,879
Speaker 1: down on the garment to keep it from riding up.

858
00:48:22,880 --> 00:48:25,920
Speaker 1: So anyway, the bottom line here, um, is that the

859
00:48:26,000 --> 00:48:28,080
Speaker 1: skin level layer of the steel suit would need to

860
00:48:28,080 --> 00:48:33,200
Speaker 1: be a highly thermally conductive layer that allowed evaporated cooling

861
00:48:33,239 --> 00:48:36,560
Speaker 1: to take place um again, perhaps via some as yet

862
00:48:36,640 --> 00:48:40,400
Speaker 1: uninvented meta material. And yet even then, the humidity in

863
00:48:40,440 --> 00:48:43,960
Speaker 1: the skin level porous layer would need to be high humidity,

864
00:48:44,400 --> 00:48:47,960
Speaker 1: which could in theory, merely just escalate the whole situation

865
00:48:48,280 --> 00:48:51,840
Speaker 1: more perspiration, more heat, and according to John C. Smith,

866
00:48:51,840 --> 00:48:54,440
Speaker 1: the suit would have to self dehumidify as well. So

867
00:48:54,760 --> 00:48:56,799
Speaker 1: and in order for all that water vapor to become

868
00:48:56,920 --> 00:48:59,239
Speaker 1: liquid again so that you could drink it, you'd have

869
00:48:59,280 --> 00:49:02,560
Speaker 1: to have condens fation occur. And for this phase change

870
00:49:02,640 --> 00:49:05,640
Speaker 1: to happen, which is an exothermic process, you need to

871
00:49:05,719 --> 00:49:08,080
Speaker 1: have a cool layer such as you know, a cold

872
00:49:08,080 --> 00:49:09,719
Speaker 1: glass on a hot day and you see that, you know,

873
00:49:09,760 --> 00:49:11,960
Speaker 1: the moisture form on it, and there's no mention of

874
00:49:12,000 --> 00:49:14,759
Speaker 1: refrigeration in the suit, but it would be necessary as

875
00:49:14,800 --> 00:49:17,280
Speaker 1: far as we understand the process for that phase shift

876
00:49:17,320 --> 00:49:20,160
Speaker 1: to happen. Man, that just sounds like a mess. Yeah,

877
00:49:20,840 --> 00:49:23,360
Speaker 1: that's the thing. It seems like it would be af

878
00:49:23,360 --> 00:49:26,200
Speaker 1: You don't have a clear understanding of how sweat works

879
00:49:26,640 --> 00:49:29,040
Speaker 1: and how how how cooling works, and indeed how cooling

880
00:49:29,120 --> 00:49:32,839
Speaker 1: systems work. It seems like it would be a simpler mechanism,

881
00:49:32,840 --> 00:49:36,040
Speaker 1: but it's not. Yeah, and now, of course refrigeration does exist.

882
00:49:36,160 --> 00:49:38,880
Speaker 1: So perhaps it's just a question of how much bulk

883
00:49:38,960 --> 00:49:41,960
Speaker 1: do you want to incorporate into your suit? Yeah, I mean,

884
00:49:42,000 --> 00:49:44,400
Speaker 1: can you fit some manner of heat pumping there a

885
00:49:44,440 --> 00:49:49,160
Speaker 1: free youngcompressor? Um. You know we have we have firefighters

886
00:49:49,160 --> 00:49:51,239
Speaker 1: to use like blue ice packs near the skin to

887
00:49:51,320 --> 00:49:53,839
Speaker 1: keep their body from overheating. But would that make sense

888
00:49:53,880 --> 00:49:58,000
Speaker 1: at all in a water scarce environment? And then uh,

889
00:49:58,080 --> 00:50:00,000
Speaker 1: and then you also have to any of these system

890
00:50:00,080 --> 00:50:03,239
Speaker 1: would also involve more power. Uh. And all we have

891
00:50:03,320 --> 00:50:05,040
Speaker 1: to go on is that it's powered by motions of

892
00:50:05,040 --> 00:50:08,200
Speaker 1: the body, especially breathing, and according to to Smith here,

893
00:50:08,440 --> 00:50:11,120
Speaker 1: that would not be sufficient to power the suit given

894
00:50:11,120 --> 00:50:14,640
Speaker 1: our current progress on motion generated power, even if we

895
00:50:14,680 --> 00:50:17,239
Speaker 1: augmented it with solar power, which again, as if he

896
00:50:17,320 --> 00:50:21,680
Speaker 1: because you want to travel by night on aracus um,

897
00:50:21,800 --> 00:50:24,400
Speaker 1: we you just end up again not being able to

898
00:50:24,480 --> 00:50:27,399
Speaker 1: keep up with with the energy requirements for the suit.

899
00:50:28,080 --> 00:50:30,960
Speaker 1: So that's what Smith has to say more recent commentary.

900
00:50:31,080 --> 00:50:33,759
Speaker 1: But if we look to the Dune Encyclopedia and the

901
00:50:33,880 --> 00:50:37,160
Speaker 1: entry written by Christine Watson. She stresses the use of

902
00:50:37,280 --> 00:50:41,680
Speaker 1: still cloth based on the principles of cryogenics of a

903
00:50:41,800 --> 00:50:44,799
Speaker 1: cryogenics separator that she says used on a number of

904
00:50:44,840 --> 00:50:47,920
Speaker 1: worlds to draw oxygen and other gases from the planet's

905
00:50:47,920 --> 00:50:49,920
Speaker 1: happmos here. So here we see a you know, a

906
00:50:50,000 --> 00:50:55,239
Speaker 1: futuristic meta material explanation. And as for cooling, she says

907
00:50:55,280 --> 00:50:57,799
Speaker 1: that the tubes contained air. At the beginning of the

908
00:50:57,800 --> 00:51:00,440
Speaker 1: suit cycle, the air pressure built up by the pumping

909
00:51:00,440 --> 00:51:04,000
Speaker 1: action of the wearer's breathing and by heel pumps. At

910
00:51:04,000 --> 00:51:06,680
Speaker 1: a preset pressure, the air was released into a holding

911
00:51:06,760 --> 00:51:09,640
Speaker 1: chamber in the suit's hood. This sudden release cool the

912
00:51:09,680 --> 00:51:12,520
Speaker 1: air by the Jewel Thompson effect, and the cool air

913
00:51:12,600 --> 00:51:14,839
Speaker 1: was drawn back into the system and again through the suit,

914
00:51:14,960 --> 00:51:18,239
Speaker 1: dropping the temperature of the separating layers. And that Jewel

915
00:51:18,280 --> 00:51:21,200
Speaker 1: Thompson effect, by the way, that's the temperature exchange of

916
00:51:21,239 --> 00:51:23,200
Speaker 1: a gas or liquid when it is forced through a

917
00:51:23,280 --> 00:51:27,120
Speaker 1: valve or porous plug while kept insulated so that no

918
00:51:27,320 --> 00:51:30,720
Speaker 1: heat is exchanged with the environment. I gotta be honest,

919
00:51:30,760 --> 00:51:33,640
Speaker 1: I didn't follow that. I mean I had I had

920
00:51:33,680 --> 00:51:35,160
Speaker 1: to go at it a couple of times. So Basically

921
00:51:35,200 --> 00:51:36,919
Speaker 1: it comes down to the fact that the hood would

922
00:51:37,080 --> 00:51:40,400
Speaker 1: be kind of a an essential air bladder for the

923
00:51:40,440 --> 00:51:43,719
Speaker 1: suits cooling system. So imagine the steel suit. Imagine com

924
00:51:43,760 --> 00:51:46,160
Speaker 1: mc laughlin in the steel suit, but with kind of

925
00:51:46,160 --> 00:51:50,360
Speaker 1: a balloon hood portion. Man that makes mud deep a

926
00:51:50,400 --> 00:51:54,560
Speaker 1: little less a little less cool looking if he's got

927
00:51:54,600 --> 00:51:58,000
Speaker 1: a balloon head. Yeah, I would think so. So again,

928
00:51:58,480 --> 00:52:00,200
Speaker 1: you have to kind of talk it up to say,

929
00:52:00,200 --> 00:52:04,200
Speaker 1: however the steel suit works. It evidently involves some materials

930
00:52:04,200 --> 00:52:07,560
Speaker 1: and technologies that we haven't quite figured out in this

931
00:52:07,640 --> 00:52:12,360
Speaker 1: ancient day and age. Now, another interesting technology do you

932
00:52:12,400 --> 00:52:14,960
Speaker 1: see on Iraqis and also elsewhere in the worlds of

933
00:52:15,080 --> 00:52:20,919
Speaker 1: done the use of ornithopters of aircraft that fly via

934
00:52:21,239 --> 00:52:25,080
Speaker 1: flapping wings. Yeah. So we are told that the power

935
00:52:25,160 --> 00:52:28,720
Speaker 1: of house tradees on their home planet of Caladan before

936
00:52:28,760 --> 00:52:32,680
Speaker 1: they move to the desert planet of Irakus is air power.

937
00:52:32,760 --> 00:52:35,399
Speaker 1: They're an air force power, kind of like you might

938
00:52:35,440 --> 00:52:38,200
Speaker 1: think of the United States on the sort of military

939
00:52:38,239 --> 00:52:42,680
Speaker 1: geopolitical world stage, that the power is concentrated in the

940
00:52:42,719 --> 00:52:47,440
Speaker 1: ability to strike from above. But their way of striking

941
00:52:47,480 --> 00:52:51,480
Speaker 1: from above is not much like anything we would commonly

942
00:52:51,680 --> 00:52:54,960
Speaker 1: use on Earth technology today. It is like something we

943
00:52:55,000 --> 00:52:58,319
Speaker 1: would commonly see in the biological world. So of course

944
00:52:58,400 --> 00:53:02,920
Speaker 1: birds fly by flapping wings, insects fly by flapping their wings.

945
00:53:02,960 --> 00:53:05,640
Speaker 1: It seems like a perfectly normal way to get around.

946
00:53:06,040 --> 00:53:10,640
Speaker 1: But there's a reason our airplanes don't do this. Ornithopters

947
00:53:10,760 --> 00:53:13,480
Speaker 1: can be built, you can make a machine that stays

948
00:53:13,480 --> 00:53:15,839
Speaker 1: in the air by flapping wings, but it is not

949
00:53:16,000 --> 00:53:18,960
Speaker 1: a very practical way to move heavy cargo or passengers.

950
00:53:19,320 --> 00:53:21,880
Speaker 1: That's right, and and certainly that's what you see utilized

951
00:53:21,880 --> 00:53:24,880
Speaker 1: in the dune universe, like sweeping down, swooping down to

952
00:53:24,920 --> 00:53:28,560
Speaker 1: pick up you know, mobile spice factory off of the

953
00:53:28,560 --> 00:53:30,920
Speaker 1: sands before a worm can get to it. According to

954
00:53:31,040 --> 00:53:34,719
Speaker 1: Dr James Usherwood of the University of London's RVC Structure

955
00:53:34,760 --> 00:53:37,960
Speaker 1: and Motion Laboratory, uh, this is one area of design,

956
00:53:38,040 --> 00:53:40,719
Speaker 1: you know, where nature doesn't quite nail it. And this

957
00:53:40,800 --> 00:53:43,359
Speaker 1: is kind of ironic because in the field of biomimicry,

958
00:53:43,480 --> 00:53:45,879
Speaker 1: we see in a lot of cases we can turn

959
00:53:45,880 --> 00:53:48,160
Speaker 1: to nature and say, well, how did nature evolve to

960
00:53:48,200 --> 00:53:51,200
Speaker 1: solve this design problem? And oftentimes there they have a

961
00:53:51,239 --> 00:53:54,160
Speaker 1: really elegant Nature has a really elegant solution. I'd say

962
00:53:54,200 --> 00:53:58,400
Speaker 1: that's especially true on the very small scale. Biomimicry becomes

963
00:53:58,440 --> 00:54:03,239
Speaker 1: more and more powerful the smaller you go. In uh

964
00:54:03,320 --> 00:54:05,759
Speaker 1: In an essay titled a Flying and Walking Learning from

965
00:54:05,840 --> 00:54:08,160
Speaker 1: Nature and this was published in the book seventy Great

966
00:54:08,200 --> 00:54:10,719
Speaker 1: Mysteries of the Natural World, which I highly recommend. Um

967
00:54:10,840 --> 00:54:13,840
Speaker 1: Usherwood points out that a slow flying pigeon requires up

968
00:54:13,880 --> 00:54:17,239
Speaker 1: to four times the power an equivalent helicopter would need,

969
00:54:17,400 --> 00:54:20,920
Speaker 1: and hovering is even worse, resolving in pitiful amounts of

970
00:54:20,960 --> 00:54:24,680
Speaker 1: lift for the amount of energy exerted, each pump of

971
00:54:24,680 --> 00:54:27,080
Speaker 1: the wings requires yet another burst of energy, and it

972
00:54:27,120 --> 00:54:30,239
Speaker 1: all adds up pretty quickly. That's why hummingbirds have the

973
00:54:30,400 --> 00:54:34,160
Speaker 1: highest energy expenditure of any warm blooded animal, ten times

974
00:54:34,160 --> 00:54:37,359
Speaker 1: that of a human. There perpetually on the verge of starvation.

975
00:54:37,920 --> 00:54:39,799
Speaker 1: Uh and and and sometimes I have to actually go

976
00:54:39,840 --> 00:54:42,640
Speaker 1: into kind of suspended animation to deal with these these

977
00:54:42,719 --> 00:54:45,640
Speaker 1: energy costs. H and all the time, you know, consuming

978
00:54:45,640 --> 00:54:48,400
Speaker 1: colossal amounts of nectar to keep up their little sugar

979
00:54:48,440 --> 00:54:52,640
Speaker 1: water vampires that cannot be sated. Yeah, so you know,

980
00:54:52,680 --> 00:54:55,799
Speaker 1: we you know, looking back, you see early aviation pioneers

981
00:54:55,840 --> 00:55:01,520
Speaker 1: who toyed around with flapping wings, generally with the disaster's results.

982
00:55:02,239 --> 00:55:05,200
Speaker 1: But you do see scientists that have been looking into

983
00:55:05,239 --> 00:55:08,000
Speaker 1: it's used for micro air vehicles or m a v s,

984
00:55:08,400 --> 00:55:12,120
Speaker 1: and these are tiny robotic aircraft that depend on biomechanical

985
00:55:12,239 --> 00:55:15,560
Speaker 1: flight designs. Uh. And the funding typically comes into play,

986
00:55:16,120 --> 00:55:19,000
Speaker 1: you know, for obvious surveillance purposes. Right, some sort of

987
00:55:19,040 --> 00:55:22,480
Speaker 1: tiny robot with buzzing, flapping wings that you can use

988
00:55:22,560 --> 00:55:25,400
Speaker 1: to spy on somebody. Now, what is the appeal of

989
00:55:25,440 --> 00:55:28,560
Speaker 1: that over just like a tiny quad rotor drone or

990
00:55:28,600 --> 00:55:30,799
Speaker 1: something like that. Is it just that it would look

991
00:55:30,880 --> 00:55:33,320
Speaker 1: like an insect? I think so? And I think also

992
00:55:33,480 --> 00:55:37,600
Speaker 1: there is that that biomimicry attractions saying if it's if

993
00:55:37,640 --> 00:55:41,680
Speaker 1: it's flight at a small scale, then perhaps, uh, perhaps

994
00:55:41,760 --> 00:55:45,279
Speaker 1: there is an advantage in drawing on real world comparisons.

995
00:55:45,440 --> 00:55:48,040
Speaker 1: But overall we are not going to see passenger planes

996
00:55:48,040 --> 00:55:51,719
Speaker 1: with flapping wings. And uh. I was looking at a U. S.

997
00:55:51,800 --> 00:55:55,719
Speaker 1: Army Research Office report from two thousand five, UH that

998
00:55:56,200 --> 00:55:58,520
Speaker 1: ALT was weighing in and saying that when it comes

999
00:55:58,560 --> 00:56:01,880
Speaker 1: to m a v s, you're looking at enormous manufacturing challenges,

1000
00:56:01,960 --> 00:56:05,759
Speaker 1: inefficient energy usage, and dependence on less under good understood

1001
00:56:05,760 --> 00:56:09,360
Speaker 1: small scale physics. So at this point in time, even

1002
00:56:09,840 --> 00:56:13,920
Speaker 1: small ornithopters seem out of reach. Yeah. Now, if you

1003
00:56:13,920 --> 00:56:17,320
Speaker 1: want to just cheat and invoke some science fiction magic,

1004
00:56:17,760 --> 00:56:20,440
Speaker 1: you might say that the ornithopters have something to do

1005
00:56:20,480 --> 00:56:24,600
Speaker 1: with other technology present in the Doune universe, like like suspensers.

1006
00:56:24,640 --> 00:56:27,040
Speaker 1: I noticed you putting a note here, right, yeah, yeah,

1007
00:56:27,160 --> 00:56:30,319
Speaker 1: And this draws us right into another important technology they

1008
00:56:30,360 --> 00:56:32,719
Speaker 1: were going to spend less time on because there's there

1009
00:56:32,760 --> 00:56:35,840
Speaker 1: are fewer answers, and that is the Holtzman effect that

1010
00:56:36,080 --> 00:56:40,239
Speaker 1: enables faster than light travel, It enables personal shields, and

1011
00:56:40,360 --> 00:56:45,879
Speaker 1: enables just ubiquitous use of anti gravity suspensers that I mean,

1012
00:56:45,880 --> 00:56:48,640
Speaker 1: you know, the main character of one of the main characters,

1013
00:56:48,719 --> 00:56:52,000
Speaker 1: Vladimir Harconin, uses it to float around and suspend his bulk.

1014
00:56:52,200 --> 00:56:54,319
Speaker 1: But you also see mentions of just you know, here's

1015
00:56:54,320 --> 00:56:57,440
Speaker 1: a suspenser enabled chair in a room. If you watch

1016
00:56:57,520 --> 00:57:00,279
Speaker 1: any scene from the movie and not the whole moving

1017
00:57:00,280 --> 00:57:02,720
Speaker 1: not the whole David Lynch movie, go watch the scene

1018
00:57:02,719 --> 00:57:06,240
Speaker 1: where where Vladimir harcon And floats up in the screams,

1019
00:57:06,320 --> 00:57:09,640
Speaker 1: I will have the spice. That's pretty good. But anyway,

1020
00:57:09,680 --> 00:57:12,239
Speaker 1: I thought this is also a really cool technology as

1021
00:57:12,360 --> 00:57:16,680
Speaker 1: imagined in the books, specifically with application to the shields. Now,

1022
00:57:16,840 --> 00:57:22,080
Speaker 1: there are personal energy shields imagined in the Dune universe,

1023
00:57:22,160 --> 00:57:25,120
Speaker 1: and you've probably seen all kinds of science fiction that

1024
00:57:25,280 --> 00:57:28,240
Speaker 1: has shields, you know, like a shields up, you know,

1025
00:57:28,280 --> 00:57:30,560
Speaker 1: you put them up around the spaceship and they deflect

1026
00:57:30,640 --> 00:57:36,400
Speaker 1: incoming weaponry, projectiles, energy beams. But these are personal shields

1027
00:57:36,400 --> 00:57:38,480
Speaker 1: that are often imagined. Well, actually they're There are large

1028
00:57:38,520 --> 00:57:40,840
Speaker 1: scale shields, and there are personal shields. But you might

1029
00:57:40,880 --> 00:57:43,520
Speaker 1: like click a button on your belt and suddenly a

1030
00:57:43,560 --> 00:57:46,800
Speaker 1: shield comes up around your body. Somebody tries to run

1031
00:57:46,840 --> 00:57:49,280
Speaker 1: and stab you with a knife, they will be deflected

1032
00:57:49,320 --> 00:57:52,960
Speaker 1: by the shield. And so the solution to this creates

1033
00:57:53,000 --> 00:57:56,560
Speaker 1: a very interesting combat dynamic that people talk about in

1034
00:57:56,600 --> 00:58:00,960
Speaker 1: the book, where people engaging in knife fight with shields

1035
00:58:01,000 --> 00:58:04,240
Speaker 1: activated have to come up with ways of trying to

1036
00:58:04,280 --> 00:58:08,760
Speaker 1: move their knife very slowly towards the enemy because a

1037
00:58:08,920 --> 00:58:12,120
Speaker 1: quickly incoming knife will be deflected by the shield. But

1038
00:58:12,200 --> 00:58:15,480
Speaker 1: if you can stab ever so slowly, you can go

1039
00:58:15,600 --> 00:58:18,360
Speaker 1: through the shield gently, and then you can you can

1040
00:58:18,400 --> 00:58:21,040
Speaker 1: penetrate the person's skin and make them bleed. Yeah, so

1041
00:58:21,080 --> 00:58:25,480
Speaker 1: the defensive technology requires an entirely well, not entirely, but

1042
00:58:25,600 --> 00:58:28,680
Speaker 1: a different style of martial arts. So we we don't

1043
00:58:28,720 --> 00:58:31,240
Speaker 1: know a lot about the Holtzman effect. In the books UH,

1044
00:58:31,440 --> 00:58:34,040
Speaker 1: it's described as the negative repelling effect of a shield

1045
00:58:34,040 --> 00:58:37,640
Speaker 1: generator UH and a suspenser is the secondary low drain

1046
00:58:37,720 --> 00:58:42,440
Speaker 1: phase of the Haltzmann field generator, and it nullifies gravity.

1047
00:58:43,000 --> 00:58:47,200
Speaker 1: It nullifies gravity within certain limits prescribed by relative mass

1048
00:58:47,240 --> 00:58:51,440
Speaker 1: and energy consumption. So in this we we have no

1049
00:58:51,600 --> 00:58:54,160
Speaker 1: choice but to turn to the Science of doone and

1050
00:58:54,720 --> 00:58:59,160
Speaker 1: the writings there of planetary scientist Kevin R. Grazier, who

1051
00:58:59,200 --> 00:59:03,800
Speaker 1: also edited and along he also worked with physicist Diggests

1052
00:59:03,920 --> 00:59:07,800
Speaker 1: Seeger on some of this and UH. As they point out,

1053
00:59:08,000 --> 00:59:11,520
Speaker 1: much of the whole Holtzman situation is unexplained. In the

1054
00:59:11,600 --> 00:59:14,600
Speaker 1: later books, we do learn that that guild highliners, the

1055
00:59:14,600 --> 00:59:19,240
Speaker 1: big spaceships travel the stars by the quote compression or

1056
00:59:19,280 --> 00:59:24,680
Speaker 1: warping of space time in conjunction with mass neutralization. And

1057
00:59:24,760 --> 00:59:28,240
Speaker 1: as a planetary scientist again Kevin R. Grazier points out

1058
00:59:28,600 --> 00:59:31,280
Speaker 1: UH in cosmic oregonomy, that's the piece in the science

1059
00:59:31,280 --> 00:59:33,880
Speaker 1: of DONE UH. If the mass of a spaceship could

1060
00:59:33,880 --> 00:59:37,880
Speaker 1: be nullified, then the relativistic effects of high speed space

1061
00:59:37,920 --> 00:59:41,800
Speaker 1: travel could be reduced. So essentially it's talking about all right,

1062
00:59:41,840 --> 00:59:44,920
Speaker 1: if you could turn, if you could simply dampen or

1063
00:59:45,680 --> 00:59:49,160
Speaker 1: nullify the mass of an object, then that would enable

1064
00:59:49,240 --> 00:59:52,400
Speaker 1: you to to cheat in various respects in terms of

1065
00:59:52,440 --> 00:59:56,800
Speaker 1: acceleration in spacetime. Uh also Grazier and Uh and Seeger

1066
00:59:57,080 --> 01:00:00,600
Speaker 1: opposit that the Holtzman field is an energy s meaning shield.

1067
01:00:01,280 --> 01:00:03,640
Speaker 1: Perhaps it screens the mass of an object from the

1068
01:00:03,680 --> 01:00:06,360
Speaker 1: rest of the universe. Lowering the mass of an object

1069
01:00:06,360 --> 01:00:09,160
Speaker 1: would also lower the force of gravity on it. Lowered

1070
01:00:09,240 --> 01:00:11,640
Speaker 1: enough and you just float around up in the air.

1071
01:00:12,040 --> 01:00:15,640
Speaker 1: And as for space travel, theory and observations of general

1072
01:00:15,680 --> 01:00:19,160
Speaker 1: relativity indicate that spacetime can be curved and warped, and

1073
01:00:19,240 --> 01:00:22,520
Speaker 1: perhaps it can even be folded and compressed. So again

1074
01:00:22,560 --> 01:00:24,480
Speaker 1: the classic examples, you have a map, right, and you

1075
01:00:24,520 --> 01:00:26,320
Speaker 1: fold the map, and then you just poke a hole

1076
01:00:26,640 --> 01:00:28,400
Speaker 1: through point A and point B, and now you have

1077
01:00:28,440 --> 01:00:32,880
Speaker 1: the whole right, the tessaract testsaract example, the event arise

1078
01:00:32,920 --> 01:00:37,000
Speaker 1: an example. UM, do you thus shorten the distance between

1079
01:00:37,040 --> 01:00:40,320
Speaker 1: two points, meaning that faster than light acceleration and all

1080
01:00:40,360 --> 01:00:45,040
Speaker 1: the problems they're in might not even be necessary. In

1081
01:00:45,080 --> 01:00:46,919
Speaker 1: the Dune books. We don't know much more beyond that,

1082
01:00:47,360 --> 01:00:50,880
Speaker 1: other than the process is dangerous and costly. You really

1083
01:00:50,920 --> 01:00:53,320
Speaker 1: need a number crunching power of an advanced computer to

1084
01:00:53,360 --> 01:00:55,680
Speaker 1: handle it all. But in the Dune universe it all

1085
01:00:55,720 --> 01:00:59,160
Speaker 1: falls to human minds enhanced by spice, all right, So

1086
01:00:59,200 --> 01:01:01,400
Speaker 1: that's pretty out there science fiction. I think I'd have

1087
01:01:01,520 --> 01:01:04,320
Speaker 1: to say the same thing about the energy shields as

1088
01:01:04,680 --> 01:01:07,760
Speaker 1: that relates to the whole Simon effect. I I can't

1089
01:01:07,760 --> 01:01:10,320
Speaker 1: think of any example, uh, And I wasn't able to

1090
01:01:10,320 --> 01:01:14,000
Speaker 1: find any example of a real energy shield in the

1091
01:01:14,040 --> 01:01:17,960
Speaker 1: world that would successfully deflect incoming matter like that, especially

1092
01:01:18,320 --> 01:01:21,000
Speaker 1: not without harming the person who was wearing it. I mean,

1093
01:01:21,080 --> 01:01:24,640
Speaker 1: you can imagine wearing a huge magnet of some kind that,

1094
01:01:24,920 --> 01:01:26,880
Speaker 1: you know, if somebody tries to shoot a bullet at

1095
01:01:26,880 --> 01:01:29,480
Speaker 1: you or something like that, might be able to deflect

1096
01:01:29,520 --> 01:01:33,120
Speaker 1: it if it's powerful enough. But I mean, at certain

1097
01:01:33,120 --> 01:01:36,000
Speaker 1: points you're getting into levels of energy that make the

1098
01:01:36,040 --> 01:01:40,720
Speaker 1: proposition ridiculous. And so if you're imagining an energy shield

1099
01:01:40,840 --> 01:01:43,840
Speaker 1: like they have, maybe the closest thing I've seen would

1100
01:01:43,840 --> 01:01:48,680
Speaker 1: be propositions of energy shields like ion shields around spaceships

1101
01:01:48,720 --> 01:01:51,600
Speaker 1: to prevent incoming radiation, but I don't even know if

1102
01:01:51,640 --> 01:01:55,840
Speaker 1: that's really viable. Yeah, it's definitely less down to Earth

1103
01:01:55,880 --> 01:01:59,000
Speaker 1: compared to the still state. So there you have it,

1104
01:01:59,320 --> 01:02:01,000
Speaker 1: some of the techno alogy to do, not all of

1105
01:02:01,040 --> 01:02:03,280
Speaker 1: it by any means. We just decided to draw in

1106
01:02:03,320 --> 01:02:06,680
Speaker 1: a few examples that we could discuss here in the podcast. Uh.

1107
01:02:06,720 --> 01:02:08,480
Speaker 1: And again, we're gonna do a second episode and we'll

1108
01:02:08,600 --> 01:02:10,840
Speaker 1: get into the biology of doing a bit where we're

1109
01:02:10,840 --> 01:02:15,960
Speaker 1: definitely going to discuss sandworms in detail. So UH, as

1110
01:02:15,960 --> 01:02:18,720
Speaker 1: we lead out here, we're gonna enjoy another track from

1111
01:02:18,960 --> 01:02:21,880
Speaker 1: Raleigh Porter. This is X again off the two thousand

1112
01:02:21,880 --> 01:02:25,840
Speaker 1: eleven album Aftertime, released by Subtext Recordings. There's a link

1113
01:02:25,880 --> 01:02:27,520
Speaker 1: on the landing page, but you can learn more about

1114
01:02:27,560 --> 01:02:31,600
Speaker 1: his work at Raleigh Porter dot com. Uh. In the meantime,

1115
01:02:31,680 --> 01:02:33,480
Speaker 1: check out Stuff to Blow your Mind dot com. That

1116
01:02:33,560 --> 01:02:35,280
Speaker 1: is the mothership. That's where you will find all of

1117
01:02:35,280 --> 01:02:38,480
Speaker 1: our podcast videos and blog posts, as well as the

1118
01:02:38,480 --> 01:02:40,440
Speaker 1: links out to our social media accounts. And if you

1119
01:02:40,440 --> 01:02:42,840
Speaker 1: want to get in touch with us about your favorite

1120
01:02:43,000 --> 01:02:46,400
Speaker 1: fact about the June Universe or any feedback about these episodes,

1121
01:02:46,480 --> 01:02:48,680
Speaker 1: you can email us at blow the Mind at how

1122
01:02:48,760 --> 01:02:54,080
Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com For more on this and thousands

1123
01:02:54,080 --> 01:03:02,120
Speaker 1: of other topics. Is it how Stuff Works dot com

1124
01:03:02,520 --> 01:03:16,840
Speaker 1: two two