1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,840 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,560 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know 3 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:16,319 Speaker 1: from house Stuff Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to 4 00:00:16,360 --> 00:00:19,520 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant 5 00:00:19,800 --> 00:00:23,560 Speaker 1: that makes this Stuff you should Know Express Edition, Monday 6 00:00:23,600 --> 00:00:26,160 Speaker 1: Morning Edition. It's the Chilies to Go Edition. I think 7 00:00:26,200 --> 00:00:29,480 Speaker 1: Monday mornings are my favorite time to record. Really, what 8 00:00:29,560 --> 00:00:31,360 Speaker 1: are you kidding me? It's the worst of the worst. 9 00:00:32,800 --> 00:00:35,000 Speaker 1: So you were lying? That was lying? I got you. 10 00:00:35,080 --> 00:00:37,360 Speaker 1: Oh wait, before we get into this, can we give 11 00:00:37,400 --> 00:00:40,559 Speaker 1: a quick Kiva shout out? We totally should. Thanks to 12 00:00:40,600 --> 00:00:44,320 Speaker 1: Glenn for emailing us to be like, hey, busy movie 13 00:00:44,360 --> 00:00:46,280 Speaker 1: star guys. We we need you to pay attention to 14 00:00:46,400 --> 00:00:50,320 Speaker 1: Glenn and the Glen and Sonia's Yes, Hey guys, So Chuck, 15 00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:56,560 Speaker 1: we have reached the seven hundred thousand dollar mark in 16 00:00:56,880 --> 00:01:00,240 Speaker 1: loans from our stuff. You should know. Kiva to k 17 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:03,160 Speaker 1: i v a dot org slash team slash stuff you 18 00:01:03,160 --> 00:01:06,520 Speaker 1: should know. It's a It's a micro lending organization where 19 00:01:06,560 --> 00:01:11,080 Speaker 1: you loan in increments of five bucks to um people 20 00:01:11,160 --> 00:01:14,479 Speaker 1: who use it to basically keep their businesses going. Start 21 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:18,360 Speaker 1: a new business by inventory whatever and it's basically um 22 00:01:18,600 --> 00:01:23,600 Speaker 1: global piece through capitalism. It's Nito torpedo and we support it. 23 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:25,760 Speaker 1: And not only that, not only did we hit the 24 00:01:25,840 --> 00:01:30,000 Speaker 1: seven hundred thousand dollar mark, um, we just celebrated our 25 00:01:30,040 --> 00:01:32,960 Speaker 1: second anniversary. We did in like two years. That is nuts. 26 00:01:32,959 --> 00:01:36,080 Speaker 1: So we're on track. From Glenna's the the uber math 27 00:01:36,520 --> 00:01:38,839 Speaker 1: genius of this heading this up, I think he says 28 00:01:38,840 --> 00:01:41,080 Speaker 1: we're on track to hit our three quarters of a 29 00:01:41,120 --> 00:01:44,440 Speaker 1: middle goal in like mid November, and are the original 30 00:01:44,480 --> 00:01:46,000 Speaker 1: goal was to hit it by the end of the year. 31 00:01:46,080 --> 00:01:50,560 Speaker 1: So yeah, the juggernaut that is Team s y S 32 00:01:50,600 --> 00:01:53,400 Speaker 1: k On Kiva rolls on. So can you tell that 33 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:57,919 Speaker 1: to you guys? Eight hundred thousand everybody a million bucks? 34 00:01:57,920 --> 00:02:00,320 Speaker 1: I can't even wt my mind around that. Do you 35 00:02:00,320 --> 00:02:03,760 Speaker 1: remember how all this started? Yeah, that's a simple a 36 00:02:03,840 --> 00:02:07,680 Speaker 1: simple podcast. So a way to go. Everybody on our 37 00:02:07,720 --> 00:02:10,400 Speaker 1: KEYVA team and we're not exclusive. Our Kiva team is 38 00:02:10,520 --> 00:02:12,960 Speaker 1: very open and friendly. Again, if you want a good joint, 39 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:17,119 Speaker 1: it's k I v A dot org slash team slash 40 00:02:17,360 --> 00:02:20,639 Speaker 1: stuff you should know right all right back to denial, Okay, 41 00:02:20,680 --> 00:02:24,840 Speaker 1: so denial, Chuck, Yes, have you ever heard of an 42 00:02:25,000 --> 00:02:29,680 Speaker 1: ancient man eating crocodile named Gustav. Yeah. Man, I watched 43 00:02:29,680 --> 00:02:33,079 Speaker 1: the video on him, did you. He is enormous and scary. 44 00:02:33,360 --> 00:02:35,400 Speaker 1: He's pretty creepy looking. So for those of you who 45 00:02:35,480 --> 00:02:37,040 Speaker 1: aren't in the know, like Chuck, let me tell you 46 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:40,079 Speaker 1: a little bit about Gustaf. He's what twenty ft long, 47 00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:44,400 Speaker 1: Chuck six? Okay, he weighs a ton, he does way ton, 48 00:02:44,480 --> 00:02:46,560 Speaker 1: which is what more than two thousand pounds these days, 49 00:02:46,639 --> 00:02:52,040 Speaker 1: isn't it? It's a ton? Uh. And he's about sixty 50 00:02:52,120 --> 00:02:56,080 Speaker 1: years old, they think, which is pretty substantial because wild crocodiles, 51 00:02:56,120 --> 00:02:59,280 Speaker 1: he's a now crocodile. Wild crocodiles lived too, about forty five. 52 00:02:59,480 --> 00:03:02,200 Speaker 1: I think it's the seventy now. Actually, yeah, that's right, 53 00:03:02,280 --> 00:03:05,240 Speaker 1: because he was about sixteen two four. So yeah, he's 54 00:03:05,400 --> 00:03:08,760 Speaker 1: pushing seventy and he is very old. And he also 55 00:03:08,800 --> 00:03:14,080 Speaker 1: has a real taste for humans. Yeah, I think some. 56 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:15,560 Speaker 1: I think a lot of that is true. I think 57 00:03:15,560 --> 00:03:18,239 Speaker 1: there's a lot of legend built up to though. Well. 58 00:03:18,240 --> 00:03:22,520 Speaker 1: They there's this guy, this hunter, um of him. His 59 00:03:22,600 --> 00:03:26,160 Speaker 1: last name is Fate. What's his first name, Chuck? No, 60 00:03:26,440 --> 00:03:30,320 Speaker 1: his his first name is Um Patrese Faye. Yeah, he 61 00:03:30,400 --> 00:03:32,359 Speaker 1: was the documentary that I watched when he tried to 62 00:03:32,360 --> 00:03:34,440 Speaker 1: catch him. He seems to be something of a controversial 63 00:03:34,480 --> 00:03:37,160 Speaker 1: figure and he's a bit of a captain ahab and 64 00:03:37,240 --> 00:03:42,960 Speaker 1: Gustaf is his quick quake, yes at least um and uh. Anyway, 65 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:46,000 Speaker 1: that the point is, I would say I think about 66 00:03:46,040 --> 00:03:50,360 Speaker 1: three hundred people are attributed to dying to Gustav. Yeah, 67 00:03:50,360 --> 00:03:52,839 Speaker 1: and one some legend has it that he sometimes won't 68 00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:55,600 Speaker 1: even eat you, he'll just kill you, which makes me think, 69 00:03:55,680 --> 00:03:57,640 Speaker 1: you know, that's probably not true, right, he kills for 70 00:03:57,800 --> 00:04:01,280 Speaker 1: sport or something exactly. So goose Off has been on 71 00:04:01,320 --> 00:04:03,880 Speaker 1: the loosen Burundi for a long time, and he is 72 00:04:03,920 --> 00:04:07,160 Speaker 1: a now crocodile and he's in Burundi because the Nile 73 00:04:07,760 --> 00:04:11,240 Speaker 1: actually flows partially through Burundi, which is the whole reason 74 00:04:11,280 --> 00:04:13,440 Speaker 1: I brought up Goosetad in the first place. It's a 75 00:04:13,440 --> 00:04:16,320 Speaker 1: great way to start. It was, Okay, you know much 76 00:04:16,360 --> 00:04:18,840 Speaker 1: about the Nile, A little bit. I know a thing 77 00:04:18,920 --> 00:04:24,080 Speaker 1: or two. It is just a river in Egypt, but 78 00:04:24,160 --> 00:04:26,800 Speaker 1: it's not just in Egypt. So if you have a 79 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:29,120 Speaker 1: problem with the title stuff emailing, because we know what 80 00:04:29,160 --> 00:04:31,960 Speaker 1: we're talking about. It's in technically, if you want to know, 81 00:04:32,040 --> 00:04:36,640 Speaker 1: it's in Uganda, Sudan, Egypt, Zaire, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Ethiopia, 82 00:04:36,680 --> 00:04:41,640 Speaker 1: and the aforementioned Burundi. Yes, and throughout all those countries. Um. 83 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:44,240 Speaker 1: But now it gets fairly wide. I think it's up 84 00:04:44,240 --> 00:04:49,280 Speaker 1: to tin kilometers wide at its widest point. Yes, that's 85 00:04:49,320 --> 00:04:52,719 Speaker 1: good to know. But ten kilometers that's that's a substantial 86 00:04:52,760 --> 00:04:57,080 Speaker 1: width for a river, right. Um, it's over five miles wide, 87 00:04:58,120 --> 00:05:01,440 Speaker 1: so um, and which is kind of wide. But at 88 00:05:01,440 --> 00:05:05,119 Speaker 1: the same time, for flowing through ten countries, it's still 89 00:05:05,160 --> 00:05:09,040 Speaker 1: fairly narrow compared to its length. Yet about three hundred 90 00:05:09,040 --> 00:05:12,919 Speaker 1: and seventy million people depend on the Nile to survive 91 00:05:13,040 --> 00:05:14,960 Speaker 1: and have for a long time, not that many people, 92 00:05:14,960 --> 00:05:17,080 Speaker 1: a very long time as a matter of fact. Um. 93 00:05:17,120 --> 00:05:20,640 Speaker 1: In Ethiopia, where one of the Nile's headwaters are the 94 00:05:20,640 --> 00:05:25,120 Speaker 1: the it's considered the cradle of the Cush people, which 95 00:05:25,160 --> 00:05:29,160 Speaker 1: are which is the black race, I guess, um, and 96 00:05:29,279 --> 00:05:33,159 Speaker 1: possibly the human race is the cradle of the human race. 97 00:05:33,800 --> 00:05:37,720 Speaker 1: But don't tell the Arian brotherhood because they will be mad. Yeah, 98 00:05:38,040 --> 00:05:41,040 Speaker 1: get mad about everything. Yeah, they do. Josh, to tell 99 00:05:41,120 --> 00:05:43,320 Speaker 1: us some more about the Nils, like there's some amazing facts. 100 00:05:43,360 --> 00:05:46,920 Speaker 1: It is a river, but it's an amazing river, and 101 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:49,200 Speaker 1: it's not even the longest river, is it. Now? The 102 00:05:49,240 --> 00:05:53,680 Speaker 1: Amazon generally is quoted as a little bit longer by 103 00:05:53,760 --> 00:05:57,360 Speaker 1: I think they said the most recent expedition. Uh, they 104 00:05:57,400 --> 00:06:02,680 Speaker 1: found out and they used advanced mapping equipment, which is advanced. 105 00:06:03,279 --> 00:06:06,400 Speaker 1: That the Niles about four hundred I'm sorry, four thousand, 106 00:06:06,400 --> 00:06:11,440 Speaker 1: one seventy five miles long, nineteen kilometers and the Amazon 107 00:06:11,520 --> 00:06:13,440 Speaker 1: clock sit and we're gonna do an Amazon show too 108 00:06:13,720 --> 00:06:18,800 Speaker 1: at so it's about sixty five miles longer. And that's 109 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:21,600 Speaker 1: I think that the New Nile, as we'll call it, 110 00:06:21,640 --> 00:06:26,440 Speaker 1: includes the new headwaters south of Lake Victoria. Is that 111 00:06:26,440 --> 00:06:28,640 Speaker 1: what they determined because he used to say it was 112 00:06:28,680 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: originated in Lake Victoria? Yeah? There, Now it's south a 113 00:06:31,680 --> 00:06:34,560 Speaker 1: little bit right. There was a guy that was controversial. 114 00:06:34,720 --> 00:06:36,560 Speaker 1: Um when when the guy came up? But there was 115 00:06:36,560 --> 00:06:40,479 Speaker 1: a guy named John Hanning speck or speak, and he 116 00:06:40,560 --> 00:06:44,000 Speaker 1: was an English explorer who lived to eighteen sixty four. 117 00:06:44,480 --> 00:06:47,039 Speaker 1: Before his death, he went on an expedition to Africa 118 00:06:47,440 --> 00:06:50,280 Speaker 1: and went off by himself. He got his co expedition 119 00:06:50,360 --> 00:06:53,360 Speaker 1: leader got injured, so he went off by himself and 120 00:06:53,440 --> 00:06:57,080 Speaker 1: found I don't think it was good father, um. And 121 00:06:57,200 --> 00:07:00,000 Speaker 1: he found Lake Victoria and said, well, this is guy 122 00:07:00,080 --> 00:07:03,680 Speaker 1: to be the Nile and lake must be the headwaters. 123 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:06,120 Speaker 1: And there was this big public debate over whether it 124 00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:09,840 Speaker 1: was real or not, and um between the guy who 125 00:07:09,880 --> 00:07:12,880 Speaker 1: was injured and not on the expedition and Speak, and 126 00:07:12,920 --> 00:07:14,840 Speaker 1: so finally Speak was like playing, you know what, let's 127 00:07:14,880 --> 00:07:16,920 Speaker 1: go back. So we went back and they found the 128 00:07:16,920 --> 00:07:20,640 Speaker 1: place where the Nile exits Lake Victoria. So Lake Victoria 129 00:07:20,680 --> 00:07:24,440 Speaker 1: has traditionally been the source of the Nile, but they 130 00:07:24,480 --> 00:07:27,280 Speaker 1: found that actually, no, there's some headwaters somewhere in some 131 00:07:27,400 --> 00:07:30,840 Speaker 1: forests in Rwanda. And you say that it's south of 132 00:07:30,920 --> 00:07:33,400 Speaker 1: Lake Victoria, which is crazy, chuck, because that means that 133 00:07:33,440 --> 00:07:36,400 Speaker 1: the Nile flows south to north. Yeah. I remember when 134 00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:38,000 Speaker 1: I was a kid, I thought that was so strange 135 00:07:38,040 --> 00:07:41,000 Speaker 1: because I thought south meant lower and it's just not 136 00:07:41,040 --> 00:07:43,520 Speaker 1: the case. In Africa. The low Land, I'm sorry, the 137 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:46,800 Speaker 1: highland is south, and so it just flows towards the 138 00:07:46,800 --> 00:07:51,080 Speaker 1: equator with gravity like it should towards the equator. Never 139 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:56,360 Speaker 1: had of cavity, not just not one. So um, yeah, 140 00:07:56,880 --> 00:07:58,920 Speaker 1: the the that is kind of big news though, that 141 00:07:58,960 --> 00:08:03,000 Speaker 1: the head water is the source of the nile. Um 142 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:05,800 Speaker 1: it has changed that. It's I like how it's somewhere 143 00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:08,840 Speaker 1: deep in a forest in Rwanda. That's pretty cool. That's 144 00:08:08,880 --> 00:08:12,160 Speaker 1: fairly mysterious. So it still has a mysterious origin. It's 145 00:08:12,160 --> 00:08:17,360 Speaker 1: always had this kind of mysterious dark Africa vibe to it. 146 00:08:17,440 --> 00:08:20,640 Speaker 1: The nile has. So, Josh, let's talk about the tributaries. 147 00:08:20,720 --> 00:08:22,880 Speaker 1: If you're gonna talk about the nile, you got to 148 00:08:22,880 --> 00:08:25,640 Speaker 1: talk about the fact that there's the White Nile and 149 00:08:25,760 --> 00:08:30,600 Speaker 1: there's the Blue Nile. The white is the the newest 150 00:08:30,640 --> 00:08:33,520 Speaker 1: source south of Lake Victoria. Is is the White Nile 151 00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:38,000 Speaker 1: easiest to navigate. It's the longer section but actually has 152 00:08:38,080 --> 00:08:41,320 Speaker 1: less water feeds less water. So we're gonna talk about 153 00:08:41,320 --> 00:08:43,959 Speaker 1: how the nile like raises and lowers in a little bit. 154 00:08:44,120 --> 00:08:46,920 Speaker 1: But it's the white Nile that's responsible for that. Yeah, 155 00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:50,439 Speaker 1: And it's Uh. It's lightish gray in color for the sediment, 156 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:52,280 Speaker 1: which is why they called the white Nile. The Blue 157 00:08:52,320 --> 00:08:55,080 Speaker 1: Nile is very sparkly blue in its origins and the 158 00:08:55,120 --> 00:08:59,080 Speaker 1: Ethiopian mountains, and UH provides about two thirds of the 159 00:08:59,080 --> 00:09:03,080 Speaker 1: water to the river. And then it turns darker as 160 00:09:03,120 --> 00:09:06,400 Speaker 1: it goes in the Sudan, things get dark. The Blue Nile, 161 00:09:06,840 --> 00:09:10,840 Speaker 1: yeah Um, and the there's also another tributary that's that's 162 00:09:10,880 --> 00:09:13,840 Speaker 1: the two largest tributaries, the Blue Nile in the White. Now. 163 00:09:14,440 --> 00:09:16,559 Speaker 1: I also found out that after the nile exits a 164 00:09:16,679 --> 00:09:19,640 Speaker 1: lake like it comes out of Lake Victoria. That's called 165 00:09:19,640 --> 00:09:23,359 Speaker 1: the Victoria Nile. Then it gets the Lake Albert, Victoria's 166 00:09:23,400 --> 00:09:26,080 Speaker 1: lover boy, and then after it exits that it's the 167 00:09:26,080 --> 00:09:29,720 Speaker 1: Albert Nile. So that it's named kind of based on 168 00:09:29,800 --> 00:09:32,400 Speaker 1: where it isn't any given part in time. But the 169 00:09:32,440 --> 00:09:37,120 Speaker 1: other the third major tributary that at Bara River Um, 170 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:40,400 Speaker 1: which comes out of the eastern portion of Sudan, is 171 00:09:40,480 --> 00:09:43,200 Speaker 1: actually Um. They think it's the original source of the 172 00:09:43,280 --> 00:09:46,320 Speaker 1: nile thirty and now is about thirty million years old 173 00:09:46,559 --> 00:09:49,240 Speaker 1: from the Tertiary period. But they think that that was 174 00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:53,320 Speaker 1: the original source, and other rivers started coming out and 175 00:09:53,440 --> 00:09:57,240 Speaker 1: joining together and now it forms the huge, massive nile. Well, 176 00:09:57,280 --> 00:09:58,760 Speaker 1: it goes to a lot of twists and turns on 177 00:09:58,760 --> 00:10:00,679 Speaker 1: the way, and we'll talk about a couple those, but 178 00:10:00,840 --> 00:10:03,280 Speaker 1: let's go ahead and just tell you the ending. Now 179 00:10:03,400 --> 00:10:08,439 Speaker 1: spoiler alert, it splits again in Egypt into the Damietta, 180 00:10:08,559 --> 00:10:11,319 Speaker 1: which is on the east side or is that on 181 00:10:11,360 --> 00:10:16,800 Speaker 1: the west. Damia is on the west the east, Damiette 182 00:10:16,800 --> 00:10:18,560 Speaker 1: is on the east, Rosetta is on the west. I 183 00:10:18,559 --> 00:10:20,080 Speaker 1: had it right to begin with. I had it right 184 00:10:20,320 --> 00:10:23,280 Speaker 1: one of those times and that uh, and then you 185 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:24,959 Speaker 1: know it splits in the two main things. But it's 186 00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:28,160 Speaker 1: really a fan of many, many little fingers that all 187 00:10:28,200 --> 00:10:30,800 Speaker 1: spill out into the Mediterraneans. But did you notice what 188 00:10:30,880 --> 00:10:33,320 Speaker 1: those two things were called, the Damietta and the Rosetta. 189 00:10:33,400 --> 00:10:36,360 Speaker 1: They were called distributaries, right, You have tributaries coming in, 190 00:10:36,520 --> 00:10:41,040 Speaker 1: distributaries distribute. Yeah, that's where the word distribute comes from. 191 00:10:41,840 --> 00:10:44,800 Speaker 1: That was what's sad is. I was like, wow, there's 192 00:10:44,840 --> 00:10:48,520 Speaker 1: the fact of the puk. That was it. Yeah, I 193 00:10:48,600 --> 00:10:52,960 Speaker 1: like all the canal stuff do Yeah. Well, I mean 194 00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:54,480 Speaker 1: it's not the fact, but I just thought that was 195 00:10:54,520 --> 00:10:58,080 Speaker 1: the coolest stuff. How they made it work for them. Yeah. 196 00:10:58,640 --> 00:11:01,840 Speaker 1: So as the niles flowing from south to north, it's pretty, 197 00:11:01,960 --> 00:11:04,520 Speaker 1: it's pretty. I mean it's wide, it flows, but I 198 00:11:04,520 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: mean like it's not You're not gonna get thrown out 199 00:11:06,640 --> 00:11:09,840 Speaker 1: of a kayak on it until you get to as one. Right, 200 00:11:10,200 --> 00:11:12,520 Speaker 1: Once you get to as One. There's six cataracts after 201 00:11:12,559 --> 00:11:15,360 Speaker 1: that between as One and the Nile Delta. And these 202 00:11:15,360 --> 00:11:19,560 Speaker 1: cataracts are basically rapids. I wonder how like really really 203 00:11:19,640 --> 00:11:22,320 Speaker 1: navigable the boat, Like, okay, you gotta get out and 204 00:11:22,480 --> 00:11:24,200 Speaker 1: put your boat on a trailer and drive around and 205 00:11:24,200 --> 00:11:27,359 Speaker 1: then get back in. What do you call that unnavigable? 206 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:29,920 Speaker 1: Navigable word for that when you have to to pull 207 00:11:29,960 --> 00:11:35,520 Speaker 1: your canoe out and do some walking besides sucks? Yeah, bummer, 208 00:11:35,600 --> 00:11:38,880 Speaker 1: I'm just Monday morning, Friday afternoon. I would have that 209 00:11:38,920 --> 00:11:41,800 Speaker 1: word at my ready. I'm sure that, um, people have 210 00:11:42,200 --> 00:11:44,720 Speaker 1: hit these rapids before. But I mean you're talking not 211 00:11:44,840 --> 00:11:48,560 Speaker 1: just this isn't you know, like a normal river creek. 212 00:11:48,840 --> 00:11:52,360 Speaker 1: This is the Nile hitting rapids. So there's six of 213 00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:55,080 Speaker 1: those and then you get to um the delta and 214 00:11:55,120 --> 00:12:00,120 Speaker 1: then calms down again. Um, it's the longest kiss in history. 215 00:12:00,160 --> 00:12:02,560 Speaker 1: That's what they call it the Arab poets. Isn't it nice? 216 00:12:02,840 --> 00:12:05,600 Speaker 1: That is nice? Like when they meet that's the kiss 217 00:12:06,559 --> 00:12:10,640 Speaker 1: huh and at Khartoum. Yeah, that is very nice. I 218 00:12:10,640 --> 00:12:12,400 Speaker 1: thought that was very poetic, which is I guess why 219 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:17,840 Speaker 1: poets wrote it, right, Okay, So um, you want to 220 00:12:17,880 --> 00:12:20,400 Speaker 1: hear a little more, a few more stats. I actually 221 00:12:20,400 --> 00:12:23,200 Speaker 1: have a couple of stats. Let's hear it, just a 222 00:12:23,200 --> 00:12:26,080 Speaker 1: couple more things. If you live on the Nile and 223 00:12:26,120 --> 00:12:28,520 Speaker 1: you're a member of a certain ethnic group, a few 224 00:12:28,559 --> 00:12:34,359 Speaker 1: ethnic groups, especially in Sudan, you're described as nihilotic, like Caucasian, 225 00:12:35,240 --> 00:12:39,760 Speaker 1: you're nihilotic. Um. If you were to measure the amount 226 00:12:39,840 --> 00:12:43,560 Speaker 1: of water that passes down the Nile every day at 227 00:12:43,600 --> 00:12:48,000 Speaker 1: its peak, you would come up with seventy nine billion, 228 00:12:48,040 --> 00:12:51,600 Speaker 1: two d fifty one million, six hundred fifteen thousand, three 229 00:12:51,640 --> 00:12:54,559 Speaker 1: hundred seventy two US gallons, which is three hundred million 230 00:12:54,559 --> 00:12:59,199 Speaker 1: cubic meters of water every day. And if you wanted 231 00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:02,000 Speaker 1: to get to the root of the name of the Nile, 232 00:13:02,400 --> 00:13:08,440 Speaker 1: Nelios is Greek for are you ready for this river valley? 233 00:13:10,600 --> 00:13:12,800 Speaker 1: It's a disappointed. It was a little disappointed. I thought 234 00:13:12,800 --> 00:13:16,200 Speaker 1: so too. Sometimes it just makes too much sense. So, um, 235 00:13:16,240 --> 00:13:20,800 Speaker 1: there's a certain culture of people that grew up along 236 00:13:20,840 --> 00:13:24,800 Speaker 1: the Nile. We mentioned the Kush people from Ethiopia. Um, 237 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:28,680 Speaker 1: But they get a lot less press than their neighbors 238 00:13:28,720 --> 00:13:32,640 Speaker 1: to the to the west, the ancient Egyptians. Yes, this 239 00:13:32,679 --> 00:13:37,000 Speaker 1: is after the Great Bend north of the Great Bend. 240 00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:39,640 Speaker 1: We left out the Great Bend. Well, the Great Bend 241 00:13:39,720 --> 00:13:43,199 Speaker 1: is interesting because it literally runs east to west for 242 00:13:43,200 --> 00:13:45,760 Speaker 1: a little while, then bends back and runs the other way. Yeah, 243 00:13:45,880 --> 00:13:49,079 Speaker 1: it's going just due north and then it cuts It's 244 00:13:49,120 --> 00:13:51,080 Speaker 1: pretty switch back. You would call that if you were 245 00:13:51,080 --> 00:13:53,400 Speaker 1: a hiker. Yeah. And they they found out finally, like 246 00:13:53,440 --> 00:13:57,080 Speaker 1: this is perplexed people who um navigated the river and 247 00:13:57,160 --> 00:13:59,199 Speaker 1: mapped it and they're like, what the what is this? 248 00:13:59,640 --> 00:14:02,040 Speaker 1: Stinds this because it actually does it in one of 249 00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:05,840 Speaker 1: the driest points of Earth on Earth. Um, the whole 250 00:14:05,880 --> 00:14:07,960 Speaker 1: area around it is dry. To that's worth pointing out 251 00:14:08,080 --> 00:14:11,280 Speaker 1: is it's in the middle of some serious, serious sand. Well, 252 00:14:11,320 --> 00:14:13,120 Speaker 1: it depends on what part you're at. It goes through 253 00:14:13,120 --> 00:14:16,120 Speaker 1: a lot of different clients, but when it hits the 254 00:14:16,160 --> 00:14:18,560 Speaker 1: Great Band, it's like in the middle of the Sahara 255 00:14:18,600 --> 00:14:22,360 Speaker 1: Desert and it should just keep going north, but it didn't. 256 00:14:22,520 --> 00:14:27,800 Speaker 1: So they found in I think through um through satellite photos, 257 00:14:27,880 --> 00:14:30,440 Speaker 1: they found that there's this ancient river bed that it 258 00:14:30,560 --> 00:14:33,480 Speaker 1: did used to go straight and something happened. They they 259 00:14:33,720 --> 00:14:37,600 Speaker 1: estimate between ten thousand and one million years ago something happened. 260 00:14:38,160 --> 00:14:41,120 Speaker 1: Uh and now it takes this bend. No one knows 261 00:14:41,160 --> 00:14:45,240 Speaker 1: what that. It just ain't the same sense then though. Wow. Interesting. 262 00:14:46,560 --> 00:14:49,520 Speaker 1: I wonder if it was superstitious in nature, if like 263 00:14:49,600 --> 00:14:53,000 Speaker 1: some person stood and said halt to the Nile and 264 00:14:53,040 --> 00:14:54,960 Speaker 1: it went around him. I don't think so. I think 265 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:56,680 Speaker 1: it was the other way around. I think the Nile 266 00:14:56,880 --> 00:15:00,800 Speaker 1: just is kind of like, we're your boss. So I 267 00:15:00,880 --> 00:15:04,120 Speaker 1: mentioned that a lot of the northern part, especially in Egypt, 268 00:15:04,240 --> 00:15:06,160 Speaker 1: is in the middle of serious sand, and that sand 269 00:15:06,280 --> 00:15:10,360 Speaker 1: is what protected the Nile in the Nile River basin 270 00:15:10,400 --> 00:15:13,040 Speaker 1: and the people there because it was you know, you 271 00:15:13,040 --> 00:15:16,480 Speaker 1: couldn't just like walk over there and attack them. You 272 00:15:16,480 --> 00:15:18,720 Speaker 1: were lucky to make it through the desert to get 273 00:15:18,760 --> 00:15:22,760 Speaker 1: to the Nile. It served as a natural protection plan. 274 00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:29,840 Speaker 1: That's I didn't realize that. Yeah. Um, so you you 275 00:15:29,840 --> 00:15:32,960 Speaker 1: know about ancient Egypt. Of course there were several kingdoms, 276 00:15:33,320 --> 00:15:37,480 Speaker 1: each of which collapsed. UM. Very advanced people. So they 277 00:15:37,520 --> 00:15:39,680 Speaker 1: were one of the cool things. We we talked about 278 00:15:39,680 --> 00:15:44,960 Speaker 1: the Nile rising and falling every year. UM. The blue 279 00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:49,560 Speaker 1: Niles steady, slow and steady coming out of the Ethiopian highlands. UM. 280 00:15:49,800 --> 00:15:52,400 Speaker 1: And it's the white now coming out of Rwanda. And 281 00:15:52,400 --> 00:15:57,000 Speaker 1: through Lake Victoria, UM and through Sudan UH that that 282 00:15:57,200 --> 00:16:00,480 Speaker 1: is subject to fluctuations because there's heavy rainfall, and Rwanda 283 00:16:00,840 --> 00:16:02,920 Speaker 1: there's also I saw a heavy rain in the Ethiopian 284 00:16:03,000 --> 00:16:05,400 Speaker 1: highlands too, though there is but for some reason, the 285 00:16:05,480 --> 00:16:08,280 Speaker 1: Nile stays steady. The Blue Nile coming out of Ethiopia 286 00:16:08,360 --> 00:16:11,040 Speaker 1: stays steady. And snow melting too was another big reason. 287 00:16:12,040 --> 00:16:15,320 Speaker 1: So I think what it is Maybe Africa rains on 288 00:16:15,440 --> 00:16:17,280 Speaker 1: one during one part of the year, and then the 289 00:16:17,280 --> 00:16:20,400 Speaker 1: snowmel happens in another, and it equals basically just an 290 00:16:20,400 --> 00:16:24,440 Speaker 1: equal volume coming out. So in UH on the White 291 00:16:24,480 --> 00:16:29,080 Speaker 1: Nile it's subject to a wild fluctuation and UM it 292 00:16:29,160 --> 00:16:33,080 Speaker 1: drops down, it raises up to twenty feet at its 293 00:16:33,160 --> 00:16:39,760 Speaker 1: highest point. And the ancient Egyptians, UM, we're pretty smart 294 00:16:39,840 --> 00:16:42,400 Speaker 1: about capturing this stuff. They could capture the water and 295 00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:45,720 Speaker 1: canals and basins so much so that they would have 296 00:16:45,800 --> 00:16:49,480 Speaker 1: all the water they needed for next year's crops. All 297 00:16:49,560 --> 00:16:52,640 Speaker 1: let me say that again, they could capture all the 298 00:16:52,680 --> 00:16:57,160 Speaker 1: water they needed for next year's crops through the nile. 299 00:16:57,320 --> 00:17:01,160 Speaker 1: That's right, Uh. Specifically, John, the river is at its 300 00:17:01,200 --> 00:17:05,000 Speaker 1: lowest in May, it's at its highest in September. So 301 00:17:05,119 --> 00:17:08,600 Speaker 1: between May and September. Uh, there's something called the rise, 302 00:17:08,680 --> 00:17:12,480 Speaker 1: which is the uh inundation, and then there's the fall, 303 00:17:12,600 --> 00:17:16,720 Speaker 1: which is the relinquishment. Happens around October's when it starts 304 00:17:16,760 --> 00:17:19,639 Speaker 1: to fall. And during that that time where it rises 305 00:17:19,680 --> 00:17:21,520 Speaker 1: so much, like you said, they would capture this water. 306 00:17:22,359 --> 00:17:26,280 Speaker 1: It would flood the sand there and when it receded, 307 00:17:26,320 --> 00:17:30,200 Speaker 1: it would leave this mud. This's awesome rich fertile silt. 308 00:17:30,880 --> 00:17:33,040 Speaker 1: They would dry that out for about a week and 309 00:17:33,080 --> 00:17:35,959 Speaker 1: then they would start a plant. That's why the um 310 00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:40,199 Speaker 1: the nile delta is so lush. It's that annual you know, 311 00:17:40,920 --> 00:17:45,560 Speaker 1: bringing of the silt. That's dude. This that changed the 312 00:17:45,680 --> 00:17:50,600 Speaker 1: history of the world and definitely Africa. And apparently the 313 00:17:50,640 --> 00:17:54,120 Speaker 1: silt is between fifty and hundred feet deep and it's 314 00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:58,520 Speaker 1: just this black, rich, nutrient rich soil that you could 315 00:17:58,520 --> 00:18:03,560 Speaker 1: take rocks in. Yeah. Um yeah, but still I know 316 00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:06,320 Speaker 1: what you meant, um and uh yeah, like you said, 317 00:18:06,320 --> 00:18:10,400 Speaker 1: it changed the history of the world. And um there 318 00:18:10,440 --> 00:18:12,840 Speaker 1: was problematic is it was a gift as well as 319 00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:16,760 Speaker 1: a curse because it would not only um bring the silt, 320 00:18:17,200 --> 00:18:20,120 Speaker 1: sometimes it would bring way too much water. It would 321 00:18:20,160 --> 00:18:21,800 Speaker 1: ruin it would come in at the wrong time and 322 00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:24,600 Speaker 1: they couldn't harvest fast enough. But the Nile giveth, it 323 00:18:24,600 --> 00:18:27,720 Speaker 1: taketh away, right exactly, So to prevent the flooding and 324 00:18:27,800 --> 00:18:31,120 Speaker 1: to allow for more settlement because you know, you need 325 00:18:31,119 --> 00:18:33,480 Speaker 1: to pack people in there. As a matter of fact, 326 00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:35,760 Speaker 1: the Nile is one of the most densely populated areas 327 00:18:35,800 --> 00:18:39,240 Speaker 1: on Earth, right. Yeah, there's a stat here somewhere. I 328 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:44,199 Speaker 1: think it's like thirty eight people per square mile, Yeah, 329 00:18:44,280 --> 00:18:48,800 Speaker 1: which is um, Yes, that's dense, my friend, is very dense. 330 00:18:48,880 --> 00:18:51,080 Speaker 1: And it was always that dense or not that dense, 331 00:18:51,119 --> 00:18:53,320 Speaker 1: but it's always been very dense with people because that 332 00:18:53,400 --> 00:18:56,600 Speaker 1: was the life, the life blood, as they say. So 333 00:18:56,760 --> 00:18:59,919 Speaker 1: when you have a bunch of people, um, you need 334 00:19:00,119 --> 00:19:03,639 Speaker 1: to settle them where you can. And you can't just 335 00:19:03,720 --> 00:19:06,359 Speaker 1: let the Nile flood everybody every year and then rebuild. 336 00:19:06,920 --> 00:19:08,840 Speaker 1: So what they did is they started building a system 337 00:19:08,880 --> 00:19:12,879 Speaker 1: of dams and uh, they started controlling them now a 338 00:19:12,920 --> 00:19:15,640 Speaker 1: little more so they can keep the flooding in check. 339 00:19:16,480 --> 00:19:20,560 Speaker 1: They've got plenty of water for irrigation, but they're losing 340 00:19:20,560 --> 00:19:23,439 Speaker 1: out on the sediment. Yeah, reduced the fertility some. So 341 00:19:23,480 --> 00:19:26,879 Speaker 1: they started using fertilizer. They kind of rolled with the 342 00:19:27,160 --> 00:19:30,280 Speaker 1: punches over the years from what I gathered as far 343 00:19:30,320 --> 00:19:32,480 Speaker 1: as you know, building the dams, and they realized that 344 00:19:32,560 --> 00:19:36,399 Speaker 1: saved the land from being flooded too much. But it 345 00:19:36,600 --> 00:19:39,600 Speaker 1: also they said, we get start using fertilizer now. They did. 346 00:19:39,640 --> 00:19:42,720 Speaker 1: It was part of the green Revolution, I think. So 347 00:19:42,880 --> 00:19:45,359 Speaker 1: it's kind of like, yeah, we've got all this fertilizer, 348 00:19:45,440 --> 00:19:49,560 Speaker 1: but now we're screwing up the land two different ways. 349 00:19:50,240 --> 00:19:54,480 Speaker 1: It's basically it's just another example of humans controlling nature 350 00:19:54,520 --> 00:19:56,840 Speaker 1: and shooting themselves in the foot, you know. Yeah. But 351 00:19:56,920 --> 00:19:59,000 Speaker 1: the the good thing, the good news is though that 352 00:20:00,119 --> 00:20:02,840 Speaker 1: through their control and through this silt in the flooding, 353 00:20:03,280 --> 00:20:05,119 Speaker 1: it allowed for a lot of kind of crops that 354 00:20:05,160 --> 00:20:07,560 Speaker 1: you wouldn't think you would be able to grow out there, 355 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:11,639 Speaker 1: like wheat and barley. Um. I think these days, what 356 00:20:11,680 --> 00:20:15,879 Speaker 1: do they grow? Uh, cotton even sorghum, well, Egyptian cotton 357 00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:20,000 Speaker 1: the best. It's very very solid. What kind of threadcount 358 00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:23,199 Speaker 1: you go with these days? Higher the better? You know. 359 00:20:23,240 --> 00:20:27,160 Speaker 1: What I just recently learned is higher actually means heavier too. 360 00:20:28,000 --> 00:20:29,760 Speaker 1: So if you go out and get like a one 361 00:20:29,800 --> 00:20:32,399 Speaker 1: thousand thread count sheet, you might not be getting what 362 00:20:32,400 --> 00:20:34,639 Speaker 1: you're looking for because it might feel more a blanket. Right. 363 00:20:34,680 --> 00:20:38,240 Speaker 1: It depends on what what thread, what type of fabric 364 00:20:38,240 --> 00:20:41,359 Speaker 1: they're using. Yeah, exactly. Um, it's on the weave, it is. 365 00:20:41,440 --> 00:20:43,520 Speaker 1: And also you have to look out for you you 366 00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:45,639 Speaker 1: definitely get what you pay for if you find like 367 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:50,200 Speaker 1: six hundred thread count sheets for like internet. The reason why, Um, 368 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:52,800 Speaker 1: it is six hundred thread count, but they're counting each 369 00:20:52,880 --> 00:20:56,160 Speaker 1: of the three strands of thread. So with rather than 370 00:20:56,200 --> 00:21:01,000 Speaker 1: a single thread counting, you know, six hundred times, it's 371 00:21:01,160 --> 00:21:03,880 Speaker 1: one thread divided by into the three strands that make 372 00:21:03,960 --> 00:21:08,600 Speaker 1: up that single thread thread counts. Because I've seen those 373 00:21:08,600 --> 00:21:10,560 Speaker 1: on the internet, you know, six undred thread count front 374 00:21:12,080 --> 00:21:14,040 Speaker 1: and then you'd like pull it up over you and 375 00:21:14,040 --> 00:21:16,480 Speaker 1: you get like a rash. You might as well sleep 376 00:21:16,480 --> 00:21:20,880 Speaker 1: in a potato sack or something. You get the Nile rash. Yeah. So, um, Chuck, 377 00:21:20,920 --> 00:21:23,720 Speaker 1: we talked about damns. I did a little extra research. 378 00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:27,760 Speaker 1: It turns out that the Nile connects nine countries, and 379 00:21:28,080 --> 00:21:35,480 Speaker 1: it connects them geo politically as well as just geologically geographically. 380 00:21:36,520 --> 00:21:40,840 Speaker 1: Um and I apparently Egypt and Sudan like to make 381 00:21:41,040 --> 00:21:43,439 Speaker 1: agreements over water use for the Nile. And this has 382 00:21:43,480 --> 00:21:45,800 Speaker 1: been going on for a really long time. Used to 383 00:21:45,800 --> 00:21:50,639 Speaker 1: be Egypt and Ethiopia, and Egypt would occasionally, um accused 384 00:21:50,640 --> 00:21:54,439 Speaker 1: Ethiopia of you know, controlling the Nile and keeping the 385 00:21:54,440 --> 00:21:57,760 Speaker 1: water to themselves, which they had no no way of doing. 386 00:21:58,040 --> 00:21:59,960 Speaker 1: And then every once in a while, Ethiopia would threat 387 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:02,200 Speaker 1: and to do that, and Egy would be like, okay, alright, alright, 388 00:22:02,240 --> 00:22:05,840 Speaker 1: let's talk to keep all the water right. Um. So uh, 389 00:22:06,040 --> 00:22:09,120 Speaker 1: then it changed between EAGYPT and Sudan, and that's those 390 00:22:09,160 --> 00:22:11,399 Speaker 1: are still two of the biggest players now. So Egypt 391 00:22:11,480 --> 00:22:15,440 Speaker 1: has a really long history of blocking projects that would 392 00:22:15,520 --> 00:22:20,399 Speaker 1: kind of equitably distribute the Nile waters. And you remember 393 00:22:20,440 --> 00:22:26,359 Speaker 1: in Ethiopia had this horrible famine, um do you remember, um? 394 00:22:27,119 --> 00:22:30,040 Speaker 1: But the Nile was just fine. They just hadn't figured 395 00:22:30,080 --> 00:22:33,040 Speaker 1: out or they weren't using it to eargate properly, and 396 00:22:33,080 --> 00:22:36,280 Speaker 1: the world didn't really care that much at first. It 397 00:22:36,359 --> 00:22:40,160 Speaker 1: took a little while to remember it took it took 398 00:22:40,200 --> 00:22:41,840 Speaker 1: a while. It was a big deal before I found 399 00:22:41,840 --> 00:22:45,320 Speaker 1: out about it. In other words, yes, exactly, I have 400 00:22:45,359 --> 00:22:48,760 Speaker 1: a little factor. The show for me is to measure 401 00:22:48,840 --> 00:22:52,400 Speaker 1: the the the recession and the rising of the river. 402 00:22:52,880 --> 00:22:55,160 Speaker 1: They used a staircase. They built a staircase down into 403 00:22:55,160 --> 00:22:57,480 Speaker 1: the river and literally just marked it. It It was called 404 00:22:57,640 --> 00:23:00,800 Speaker 1: a nilometer and they just mark to what stair it 405 00:23:00,920 --> 00:23:06,040 Speaker 1: was on from time to time. Pretty basic. That is basic. 406 00:23:06,080 --> 00:23:07,560 Speaker 1: But because you can't have a big pole, you know, 407 00:23:07,600 --> 00:23:09,159 Speaker 1: you can't stick a big pole down. How old are 408 00:23:09,160 --> 00:23:11,199 Speaker 1: those stairs, I don't know if there's I don't think 409 00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:15,200 Speaker 1: they're still around. Oh that was into Egypt, the old Kingdom. 410 00:23:15,240 --> 00:23:19,840 Speaker 1: Now they just measure it with advanced equipment. So nor 411 00:23:20,040 --> 00:23:23,480 Speaker 1: advanced mapping equiping, danced mapping equipment. So what else? Do 412 00:23:23,520 --> 00:23:26,520 Speaker 1: you want to talk some more about some animals? Uh? 413 00:23:26,560 --> 00:23:30,240 Speaker 1: Sure that the nile is is well known to house crocodiles. 414 00:23:30,840 --> 00:23:33,640 Speaker 1: The nile crocodile is a fish eater for the most part, 415 00:23:34,840 --> 00:23:38,479 Speaker 1: goats or chickens and whatever happens to be lurking nearby. Yeah, goats, 416 00:23:38,480 --> 00:23:41,120 Speaker 1: I did know. Fish I didn't think of. But they 417 00:23:41,119 --> 00:23:44,720 Speaker 1: do attack humans. They say roughly two d human deaths 418 00:23:44,760 --> 00:23:48,520 Speaker 1: per year thanks to the crocodile. And goostaf that we 419 00:23:48,560 --> 00:23:52,520 Speaker 1: mentioned earlier is he's large for a nile crocodile, but 420 00:23:53,200 --> 00:23:55,360 Speaker 1: it's not like he's some freak of nature. I mean, 421 00:23:56,080 --> 00:23:58,520 Speaker 1: there's plenty of crocodiles that get to be twenty feet 422 00:23:58,520 --> 00:24:01,919 Speaker 1: in length. Well, the saltwater crocodiles tend to grow larger, 423 00:24:02,040 --> 00:24:04,120 Speaker 1: so he's just big for the area. Which and he's 424 00:24:04,119 --> 00:24:07,800 Speaker 1: old as the hills, so that that gave him the 425 00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:11,720 Speaker 1: spooky legend. He's as old as a seventy year old hill. Yeah, 426 00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:15,320 Speaker 1: sixty seven year old, best neighborhood kids. Uh. And then hippopotamus. 427 00:24:15,320 --> 00:24:19,119 Speaker 1: They don't the hippopotamus doesn't live in the Nile anymore. 428 00:24:19,119 --> 00:24:21,000 Speaker 1: And I didn't find why they're not natives. They don't 429 00:24:21,040 --> 00:24:24,119 Speaker 1: live in Egypt. Oh, they live on the Nile, but 430 00:24:24,160 --> 00:24:27,280 Speaker 1: they Yeah, they get around Sudan more. Now Egypt gets 431 00:24:27,280 --> 00:24:29,359 Speaker 1: all the press, but they used to be around Egypt. 432 00:24:29,400 --> 00:24:32,240 Speaker 1: I'm not sure exactly why they left. Well, probably because 433 00:24:32,240 --> 00:24:37,160 Speaker 1: the crocodiles, although the crocodiles everywhere, but they would eat 434 00:24:37,480 --> 00:24:40,159 Speaker 1: hippos even though they're not supposed to. And the hippos 435 00:24:40,160 --> 00:24:43,080 Speaker 1: were pretty fearsome in their own right. Yeah, they like 436 00:24:43,200 --> 00:24:46,719 Speaker 1: to mess up crops, run over people. I mean, we 437 00:24:46,800 --> 00:24:50,240 Speaker 1: think of them as very lovable, hungry, hungry hippos um, 438 00:24:50,280 --> 00:24:52,200 Speaker 1: but yeah, you don't really want to get too close 439 00:24:52,240 --> 00:24:54,359 Speaker 1: to him, because well, it's like an elephant. An elephant 440 00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:57,760 Speaker 1: is not going to like necessarily mean to kill you. 441 00:24:57,880 --> 00:25:00,240 Speaker 1: If it means to kill you, you're dead, sure, but 442 00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:02,879 Speaker 1: it can still kill you just by you being in 443 00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:05,119 Speaker 1: its way, right, So you just don't you don't want 444 00:25:05,160 --> 00:25:08,960 Speaker 1: to get too close to the hippotami. Okay, what about insects, Josh, 445 00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:14,920 Speaker 1: who cares the c D c uh. Apparently they've gotten 446 00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:17,600 Speaker 1: the malaria pretty well in check there so that you 447 00:25:17,640 --> 00:25:20,439 Speaker 1: don't even have to get vaccinated any longer. If you 448 00:25:20,480 --> 00:25:22,720 Speaker 1: travel to that area, going to the city, if you're 449 00:25:23,200 --> 00:25:26,080 Speaker 1: if you're on an expedition on the Nile, you're probably 450 00:25:26,119 --> 00:25:28,679 Speaker 1: gonna need to get the valaria. Now. Even if they 451 00:25:28,800 --> 00:25:31,520 Speaker 1: didn't recommend it, I would get it. But they do 452 00:25:31,960 --> 00:25:33,920 Speaker 1: recommend that, you know, if you're traveling there, to take 453 00:25:33,960 --> 00:25:38,919 Speaker 1: the standard anti diarrhea stuff, ida and tablets, water purification, 454 00:25:38,960 --> 00:25:41,000 Speaker 1: all the good stuff that you're gonna need to stay 455 00:25:41,040 --> 00:25:44,840 Speaker 1: alive and to keep from pooping your skeleton out like 456 00:25:44,880 --> 00:25:49,640 Speaker 1: that guy I said, you said that, one of the listeners, Remember, Oh, yeah, yeah, 457 00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:54,640 Speaker 1: that's right. What else, Josh? The Nile today still booming, 458 00:25:54,640 --> 00:25:57,560 Speaker 1: and you know, that the the way they farm there 459 00:25:57,600 --> 00:26:00,719 Speaker 1: today is still really similar to the way they did 460 00:26:00,760 --> 00:26:03,199 Speaker 1: it back in the day. Like I saw video of 461 00:26:03,720 --> 00:26:06,119 Speaker 1: from last week of you know, the oxen pulling the 462 00:26:06,119 --> 00:26:07,960 Speaker 1: stuff right on the banks of the Nile. Yeah, it's 463 00:26:07,960 --> 00:26:12,000 Speaker 1: pretty cool. That is cool. Um. The Arab spring that 464 00:26:12,080 --> 00:26:15,680 Speaker 1: led to the revolt in Egypt. Um, you know, Egypt 465 00:26:15,760 --> 00:26:18,280 Speaker 1: and Sudan or the two big players with water now. 466 00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:21,760 Speaker 1: Um to get around that, a bunch of other countries, 467 00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:24,800 Speaker 1: some of the smaller countries started the Nile Basin Initiative, 468 00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:27,280 Speaker 1: which is basically like trying to figure out how to 469 00:26:27,640 --> 00:26:30,520 Speaker 1: do it on their own without depending on Egypt. And 470 00:26:30,600 --> 00:26:34,040 Speaker 1: Egypt kept going around and blocking their bonds. Yeah, however 471 00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:36,320 Speaker 1: they could because you need money for it. These are 472 00:26:36,440 --> 00:26:41,400 Speaker 1: countries that you know, have just enough infrastructure to keep 473 00:26:41,440 --> 00:26:44,879 Speaker 1: their people going. So a new project that's going to 474 00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:47,679 Speaker 1: really develop the country, they need some money for it. 475 00:26:47,720 --> 00:26:49,720 Speaker 1: So Egypt would go to the World Bank and be like, 476 00:26:49,760 --> 00:26:52,600 Speaker 1: you don't, you don't want to do that. So now 477 00:26:52,960 --> 00:26:55,320 Speaker 1: now that there's like a leadership vacuum in Egypt, people 478 00:26:55,359 --> 00:26:57,959 Speaker 1: are hopeful and worried because Egypt still has you know, 479 00:26:58,400 --> 00:27:02,399 Speaker 1: commitments to water agreement and Um, it's kind of up 480 00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:04,159 Speaker 1: in the air at this point, like how it's gonna go. 481 00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:07,119 Speaker 1: Are they gonna get stintier, are they gonna get better? 482 00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:12,280 Speaker 1: Who knows? Interesting? I got one more step for you. 483 00:27:12,280 --> 00:27:16,119 Speaker 1: You talked about how densely populated it is, despite the 484 00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:19,320 Speaker 1: fact that the Nile River basin only makes up five 485 00:27:19,840 --> 00:27:23,520 Speaker 1: of Egypt's land mass. Of the population lives along the 486 00:27:23,600 --> 00:27:31,439 Speaker 1: Nile in Egypt. It's nuts, it is, but necessary. Yeah. 487 00:27:31,840 --> 00:27:35,880 Speaker 1: And the Nile River Delta itself, not just the Nile, 488 00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:39,359 Speaker 1: but the Delta is so significant that the ancient Egyptians 489 00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:43,480 Speaker 1: worshiped the Delta as a god copy happy h a 490 00:27:43,560 --> 00:27:47,200 Speaker 1: p I who is represented by a frog. Really yeah, 491 00:27:47,280 --> 00:27:51,920 Speaker 1: happy than delta frog. Yeah. Uh. And despite the fact 492 00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:54,639 Speaker 1: that they do grow things like cotton and wheat and 493 00:27:54,640 --> 00:27:57,920 Speaker 1: sugar cane there and citrus fruits, there's still a lot 494 00:27:57,920 --> 00:28:00,439 Speaker 1: of poor people doing the farming. It hasn't to like 495 00:28:00,600 --> 00:28:05,720 Speaker 1: this abundance of riches as farmers. No, it's pretty sad. 496 00:28:06,320 --> 00:28:09,399 Speaker 1: I don't know what the problem is either, I don't know. 497 00:28:09,640 --> 00:28:11,680 Speaker 1: I'm not sure. I mean, they are they exporting tons 498 00:28:11,720 --> 00:28:13,840 Speaker 1: of this stuff or is it mainly for their use? 499 00:28:13,960 --> 00:28:20,520 Speaker 1: I wonder I don't know. Jerry's laughing at it. They're 500 00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:24,400 Speaker 1: also getting into hydro electric power, which that could change things. Well, 501 00:28:24,440 --> 00:28:27,119 Speaker 1: that's one damn. Yeah, I think it's been producing powerful 502 00:28:27,160 --> 00:28:29,960 Speaker 1: a while it opened in nineteen seventy while they're getting 503 00:28:29,960 --> 00:28:31,399 Speaker 1: more and more into it these days. Two like more 504 00:28:31,480 --> 00:28:34,320 Speaker 1: hydro electric power and more damns. It's huge. So it's 505 00:28:34,359 --> 00:28:39,240 Speaker 1: like three sixty four ft tall above the river and 506 00:28:39,280 --> 00:28:42,920 Speaker 1: it's twelve thousand feet wide. That's an enormous damn. That 507 00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:47,400 Speaker 1: is big. Took eleven years to build. Really, Yeah, how 508 00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:49,960 Speaker 1: does that compare to the Hoover damn? And in generation 509 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,520 Speaker 1: of power? I wonder I keep asking for stats. We don't. 510 00:28:53,520 --> 00:28:58,200 Speaker 1: I hate my name? Man, you got anything else? No? 511 00:28:58,360 --> 00:29:01,360 Speaker 1: I wish I did, but I don't. That's pretty amazing. Yeah, 512 00:29:01,440 --> 00:29:05,080 Speaker 1: and this one we're going to chalk up to. If 513 00:29:05,120 --> 00:29:08,400 Speaker 1: you want to know the entire world, we gotta we 514 00:29:08,480 --> 00:29:10,840 Speaker 1: have to explain the Nile eventually. So that's what we did. 515 00:29:10,880 --> 00:29:14,320 Speaker 1: We're gonna kill the Amazon or not little not really 516 00:29:14,400 --> 00:29:19,120 Speaker 1: kill it. Nobody can. We're gonna shut it off. No, 517 00:29:19,560 --> 00:29:21,680 Speaker 1: I should be asking you that, Chuck, You got anything else? 518 00:29:22,240 --> 00:29:24,840 Speaker 1: Uh don't? Okay, Well, if you want to learn more 519 00:29:24,880 --> 00:29:26,920 Speaker 1: about the Nile. You can type in Nile and I 520 00:29:27,120 --> 00:29:29,160 Speaker 1: l e in the search part at how stuff Works 521 00:29:29,240 --> 00:29:35,360 Speaker 1: dot com, which means it's time for listener mail. Josh, 522 00:29:35,400 --> 00:29:39,120 Speaker 1: you know that we read our email emails occasionally from 523 00:29:39,160 --> 00:29:44,040 Speaker 1: our younger listeners. Yes, we like kids, and we like 524 00:29:44,120 --> 00:29:47,560 Speaker 1: them learning stuff and we like to be uh role 525 00:29:47,600 --> 00:29:51,200 Speaker 1: models as far as our show goes the kids. That's 526 00:29:51,200 --> 00:29:54,760 Speaker 1: a good good This comes from a listener from Wiscon. 527 00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:57,640 Speaker 1: I'm sorry, Minnesota, Okay, you can't say it like that. 528 00:29:58,600 --> 00:30:02,320 Speaker 1: I am Eli of Lyndstrom, Minnesota. It's a small town 529 00:30:02,360 --> 00:30:05,000 Speaker 1: located on the nose of Wisconsin, which is why I 530 00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:07,680 Speaker 1: send that. I'm fourteen years old and I've been listening 531 00:30:07,680 --> 00:30:10,200 Speaker 1: to your podcast for about six months. I really like 532 00:30:10,280 --> 00:30:12,400 Speaker 1: it a lot. It is straight to the point, yet 533 00:30:12,480 --> 00:30:17,280 Speaker 1: it isn't so facty you got that right, unlike Radio Lab. 534 00:30:17,680 --> 00:30:19,800 Speaker 1: But I really enjoy your sense of personality. You add 535 00:30:19,840 --> 00:30:22,120 Speaker 1: you guys don't sound like robots. I was having an 536 00:30:22,160 --> 00:30:26,320 Speaker 1: anger attack when I heard the Underground Railroad podcast That 537 00:30:26,440 --> 00:30:28,520 Speaker 1: lady wouldn't a real genius if it hit her in 538 00:30:28,520 --> 00:30:33,520 Speaker 1: the ear. Drums, harsh words. Your topics include a variety 539 00:30:33,560 --> 00:30:36,520 Speaker 1: of pop culture, science, psychology, and some downright obscure ones. 540 00:30:36,960 --> 00:30:39,240 Speaker 1: I listened to you on the lawnmower along with wait waite, 541 00:30:39,280 --> 00:30:41,640 Speaker 1: don't tell me? And how to do everything I haven't 542 00:30:41,640 --> 00:30:46,440 Speaker 1: heard of. That one sounds suspiciously like our own like 543 00:30:46,560 --> 00:30:50,800 Speaker 1: Catholic stuff. You should know exactly. One of the people 544 00:30:50,800 --> 00:30:53,560 Speaker 1: who turned me onto your podcast is my scout Master, Dana. 545 00:30:53,840 --> 00:30:56,200 Speaker 1: He and I have a very have very heated arguments 546 00:30:56,200 --> 00:30:59,080 Speaker 1: and discussions about certain topics on our way to and 547 00:30:59,120 --> 00:31:01,960 Speaker 1: from boy Scout camp. Me being the senior patrol leader, 548 00:31:02,560 --> 00:31:04,400 Speaker 1: I need to have a certain connection with the scout 549 00:31:04,400 --> 00:31:07,600 Speaker 1: Master in order for things to run smoothly. I appreciate 550 00:31:07,640 --> 00:31:10,080 Speaker 1: what you guys are doing for me, and I hope 551 00:31:10,080 --> 00:31:11,920 Speaker 1: that you right back. I would get all warm and 552 00:31:11,960 --> 00:31:13,520 Speaker 1: fuzzy if you went as far as to read this 553 00:31:13,600 --> 00:31:17,040 Speaker 1: on the air and Dana would not believe it. I 554 00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:20,840 Speaker 1: hope you have a wonderful fault. Sincerely, Eli from Minnesota. 555 00:31:21,040 --> 00:31:24,240 Speaker 1: Thanks a lot, Eli, and Dana take that. Yeah, I 556 00:31:24,280 --> 00:31:29,480 Speaker 1: think Eli just one up to Dana from that. Yeah. 557 00:31:30,040 --> 00:31:31,840 Speaker 1: I's had s'mores the other day. You mean, and I 558 00:31:31,880 --> 00:31:35,040 Speaker 1: are into smores right now? You build a fire? How 559 00:31:35,080 --> 00:31:39,880 Speaker 1: do you do it? Uh? In the Hey, dude, I don't. 560 00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:42,800 Speaker 1: I don't have like a backyard to have a fire 561 00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:47,240 Speaker 1: in and set it on fire on fire. Okay, Well, 562 00:31:47,280 --> 00:31:51,160 Speaker 1: if you have a good s'more story, or how about this, 563 00:31:51,280 --> 00:31:54,200 Speaker 1: if you have a good autumn treat recipe, we're in 564 00:31:54,240 --> 00:31:58,240 Speaker 1: the we're in the market. Uh, we want it. Okay, 565 00:31:58,400 --> 00:32:01,560 Speaker 1: A good punkin pie perhaps something like that, something that 566 00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:05,480 Speaker 1: I haven't heard of. Good, um, good autumn cocktail recipe 567 00:32:05,520 --> 00:32:07,800 Speaker 1: is always appreciated as well. I had a nice autumn 568 00:32:07,800 --> 00:32:10,120 Speaker 1: beer the other night the doctors had punkin. Yeah, you've 569 00:32:10,120 --> 00:32:12,680 Speaker 1: been talking about that ever since too. I just had 570 00:32:12,680 --> 00:32:14,720 Speaker 1: it two nights ago. What are you talking about? No, 571 00:32:14,920 --> 00:32:16,840 Speaker 1: you didn't, because this is like the third time you've 572 00:32:16,880 --> 00:32:20,720 Speaker 1: mentioned added two nights ago. You're thinking of your other friend, Chuck. No, 573 00:32:20,880 --> 00:32:23,560 Speaker 1: I think well then Chad had one. Okay, Okay. So 574 00:32:23,880 --> 00:32:25,960 Speaker 1: if you have a good recipe of some sort for 575 00:32:25,960 --> 00:32:28,040 Speaker 1: an autumn treat, we want to hear it. You can 576 00:32:28,080 --> 00:32:30,640 Speaker 1: tweet it to us, but it better be short. That's 577 00:32:30,840 --> 00:32:33,440 Speaker 1: s Y s K Podcast is our Twitter Twitter handle 578 00:32:33,960 --> 00:32:36,440 Speaker 1: on Facebook where at Facebook dot com slash stuff you 579 00:32:36,480 --> 00:32:41,320 Speaker 1: should Know and and you can totally email us totally 580 00:32:41,440 --> 00:32:49,920 Speaker 1: at stuff podcast at how stuff works dot com. Be 581 00:32:50,000 --> 00:32:52,640 Speaker 1: sure to check out our new video podcast, Stuff from 582 00:32:52,640 --> 00:32:55,479 Speaker 1: the Future. Join how Stuff Work staff as we explore 583 00:32:55,520 --> 00:33:01,680 Speaker 1: the most promising and perplexing possibilities of tomorrow, brought to 584 00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:04,800 Speaker 1: you by the reinvented two thousand and twelve cameras. It's ready, 585 00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:05,320 Speaker 1: are you