WEBVTT - Thinking Sideways: Atacama Skeleton 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:03.360 Thinking Sideways is not brought to you by pinning us 0:00:03.400 --> 0:00:07.320 to your wall. Instead, it's supported by the generous donations 0:00:07.360 --> 0:00:11.760 of our listeners on Patreon. Visit patreon dot com slash 0:00:11.840 --> 0:00:19.959 Thinking Sideways to learn more and thanks Thinking Sideways. I 0:00:19.960 --> 0:00:30.320 don't understand you never know stories of things we simply 0:00:30.360 --> 0:00:37.080 don't know the answer too. Hey guys, it's Thinking Sideways 0:00:37.120 --> 0:00:41.960 the podcast. I'm Devin, joined this week by my special 0:00:42.000 --> 0:00:48.800 guest co hosts and Steve special guests this week. Yeah yeah, 0:00:48.840 --> 0:00:51.880 And this week we're going to talk about a mystery. 0:00:52.040 --> 0:00:57.320 It's gonna be a little one. It's a it's this 0:00:57.400 --> 0:00:59.440 is like literally, this is the jokes I've been hearing 0:00:59.480 --> 0:01:04.800 all week. This is going to be a jo Yeah. Well, 0:01:04.920 --> 0:01:08.280 what if we're not careful? You mean, if we're careful. Yes, 0:01:08.640 --> 0:01:10.639 it's about a tiny alien. I just gave it away 0:01:11.120 --> 0:01:15.760 mane this week. As you know, because you probably read 0:01:15.760 --> 0:01:18.560 the title, uh and maybe even the description. We're going 0:01:18.600 --> 0:01:23.080 to talk about the ata Comma skeleton, also often referred 0:01:23.120 --> 0:01:27.880 to as the ata Comma humanoid or alien or I 0:01:27.920 --> 0:01:31.399 don't know, or proof proof for aliens, yes, proof for 0:01:31.640 --> 0:01:36.600 the little green guy, literally, the little green Yeah, that's plains. 0:01:36.600 --> 0:01:38.440 Why we haven't seen there? You let their saucers because 0:01:38.480 --> 0:01:42.760 they must be tiny garbage. Well yeah, yeah, it's crazy. 0:01:43.240 --> 0:01:45.840 Actually it makes sense. That's why we were all convinced 0:01:45.840 --> 0:01:49.800 by a hubcap for a while. Ye's right size. Okay, 0:01:50.080 --> 0:01:55.680 we're done. Okay, so our story, just to briefly do 0:01:55.760 --> 0:01:59.560 a quick little overview here. Briefly quickly, Yep, in two 0:01:59.600 --> 0:02:01.920 thous three, I'm pretty sure that was the year that 0:02:01.960 --> 0:02:04.880 this was discovered, but it's it's hard to tell because 0:02:04.920 --> 0:02:07.280 some of the stories are different. But we're going to 0:02:07.360 --> 0:02:11.960 say in two thousand three, but a token quote quote 0:02:12.040 --> 0:02:16.280 unquote collector made a very interesting discovery and a pouch 0:02:16.520 --> 0:02:21.079 in the Ottacama Desert, which is mostly in chili Um. 0:02:21.120 --> 0:02:25.840 It's about forty one thousand square miles, which, for you 0:02:25.960 --> 0:02:29.519 people who are not civilized, is a hundred and five 0:02:29.600 --> 0:02:34.160 thousand square kilometers. There's very little population there. It's mostly 0:02:34.200 --> 0:02:41.200 just deserted desert towns from the nitrate era. Yea, they 0:02:41.200 --> 0:02:43.440 closed down the minds and the towns. I was going 0:02:43.480 --> 0:02:46.680 to ask, did not you mean because it was nitrate mining? Yeah, okay, 0:02:46.720 --> 0:02:51.720 that's got it. No, from the I've never heard of 0:02:51.760 --> 0:02:55.000 the nitrate. I never heard of that. You must have 0:02:55.040 --> 0:02:58.760 just forgotten slipped. Yeah, and obviously have one some wine 0:02:58.760 --> 0:03:01.320 clothes down. You really don't to stick around because there's 0:03:01.320 --> 0:03:03.960 no water in the desert, in that particular desert, Yeah, 0:03:04.040 --> 0:03:06.560 there's no right, we were talking earlier. It's the is 0:03:06.560 --> 0:03:10.200 it the driest place on earth? It is the driest 0:03:10.200 --> 0:03:12.880 place on earth. So take that everyone who thought that 0:03:12.919 --> 0:03:17.040 you know where it was. So this guy while scavenging 0:03:17.520 --> 0:03:19.720 found it was he was in a church. He was 0:03:19.760 --> 0:03:21.880 kind of digging around he used to find he was 0:03:21.960 --> 0:03:24.560 trying to find things that were like worth money. I 0:03:24.560 --> 0:03:26.800 think I I in one version of this that I heard, 0:03:27.400 --> 0:03:29.520 he was it was actually he actually found it in 0:03:29.680 --> 0:03:31.960 a graveyard next to the church, which was in an 0:03:32.000 --> 0:03:35.600 abandoned town. Yeah, or she might have even been like 0:03:35.640 --> 0:03:41.160 grave robbing. Basically, you're called he's described as a token collector, 0:03:41.200 --> 0:03:44.080 but really he's just a scavenger. Yeah, oh yeah, totally, 0:03:44.120 --> 0:03:47.480 just a scavenger, just just raiding these deserted towns for 0:03:47.560 --> 0:03:49.960 anything that might be worth anything, which I mean, they're 0:03:49.960 --> 0:03:52.320 deserted town so it's not like anybody's gonna get upset 0:03:52.360 --> 0:03:55.160 about it. But he's scavenging yeah, pretty much so Barry 0:03:55.480 --> 0:03:57.520 just slightly under the ground. I don't think it was 0:03:57.640 --> 0:04:01.360 very deep. He found a white off that was tied 0:04:01.400 --> 0:04:06.200 with a violet ribbon. Violet the color ribbon, uh, and 0:04:06.280 --> 0:04:10.400 it contained a skeleton that was about six inches long, 0:04:10.760 --> 0:04:15.920 with a slightly elongated skull and only ten ribs. To 0:04:15.920 --> 0:04:17.760 to make this story a little weirder, I'm just gonna 0:04:17.800 --> 0:04:20.120 throw a quick little thing in here and then we'll 0:04:20.120 --> 0:04:23.359 talk a little bit about it more. In records that 0:04:23.400 --> 0:04:26.560 are dating back to I think it was three, a 0:04:26.680 --> 0:04:31.480 similar six inch tall humanoid skeleton was featured in ripley 0:04:31.520 --> 0:04:33.800 Believe It or Not, the Ripley's Believe It or Not 0:04:33.880 --> 0:04:36.520 book that came out then, and it was also, you know, 0:04:36.560 --> 0:04:39.960 like I said, a six inch tall humanoid skeleton. He 0:04:40.040 --> 0:04:44.359 was called Atta Boy because he was found believe it 0:04:44.400 --> 0:04:48.360 or not, in the Atacama Desert, not far from where 0:04:48.400 --> 0:04:52.000 Atta was found, which is what they called. This new 0:04:52.080 --> 0:04:55.760 skeleton's speculated and probably all kinds of these things floating 0:04:55.760 --> 0:04:58.800 around the Atacama Desert. Yeah, probably there is so dry, 0:04:59.000 --> 0:05:02.000 you know, Yeah, things get momified. Yeah. I was going 0:05:02.080 --> 0:05:04.520 to say, is that it's uh that desert it's going 0:05:04.560 --> 0:05:09.400 to suck the moisture out and preserve things obscenely quickly. Yeah, yeah, 0:05:09.440 --> 0:05:13.279 and really well usually too. Okay, So, as we said, 0:05:13.680 --> 0:05:16.520 this guy his name was Oscar Munez, and I can't 0:05:16.560 --> 0:05:19.359 find anything about him except for, as I said, I 0:05:19.360 --> 0:05:22.320 think he's just he was just a scavenger. But the 0:05:22.360 --> 0:05:25.720 skeleton was eventually sold to the current owner. His name 0:05:25.760 --> 0:05:30.240 was Ramon Naviasorio and he's a Spanish businessman. Not was 0:05:30.400 --> 0:05:34.640 is sorry, he is currently still living, still owns the skeleton. 0:05:35.360 --> 0:05:37.839 It's not in his hands so these days, right, did 0:05:37.839 --> 0:05:40.960 he get it back or did he you know he did? 0:05:41.120 --> 0:05:44.320 He got it back? Um, he never was without it. 0:05:44.839 --> 0:05:48.840 It was when it was examined. It was examined in Spain, 0:05:49.320 --> 0:05:53.760 in Barcelona, where he is. So it's my understanding that 0:05:53.800 --> 0:05:56.600 he's never not had possession of it. What is Why 0:05:56.600 --> 0:05:58.840 would you want this creepy little thing and kind of cool? 0:05:59.000 --> 0:06:02.279 I don't know, I kind of it. I would take one, Yeah, totally, 0:06:02.680 --> 0:06:05.479 would you not? Do you also collect those weird dolls 0:06:05.520 --> 0:06:07.800 that have the eyes that follow you? Though? No, I 0:06:07.839 --> 0:06:12.680 don't those scary. No. We had those when I was 0:06:12.720 --> 0:06:15.360 a kid and I did not like them. Yeah, I 0:06:15.400 --> 0:06:19.080 don't remember that toy. They actually followed you around. No, No, 0:06:19.240 --> 0:06:24.400 they just appeared to, you know, like paintings do. Yeah, somehow, 0:06:24.440 --> 0:06:28.240 And I don't totally know how, because Ramon had this 0:06:28.320 --> 0:06:32.279 thing for a long time, and until two thousand nine 0:06:32.800 --> 0:06:35.440 it had kind of just been this obscure thing that 0:06:35.520 --> 0:06:38.240 he owned. He didn't really talk about it that much. 0:06:38.279 --> 0:06:43.159 But a guy by the name of Stephen Greer found 0:06:43.160 --> 0:06:46.839 out about this skeleton in a He was at a 0:06:46.880 --> 0:06:50.240 conference and somebody off handedly mentioned it to him, this 0:06:50.320 --> 0:06:52.640 tiny little skeleton that they knew, some guy who owned 0:06:52.800 --> 0:06:56.440 knew some guy who owned. That's that's better. That's more better. 0:06:56.440 --> 0:07:00.279 It's pretty close. Yeah, And so Mr Greer or seven, 0:07:00.279 --> 0:07:06.360 we'll just call him Stephen. He managed. Mr Greer managed 0:07:06.520 --> 0:07:12.360 to convince Ramone that he could investigate the skeleton. So 0:07:12.400 --> 0:07:15.520 in two thousand nine, that's when kind of this this 0:07:15.560 --> 0:07:18.800 whole story kind of started to hit the mainstream. Would 0:07:18.800 --> 0:07:23.480 you agree with that he is the one that raised 0:07:23.520 --> 0:07:26.120 all the attention? He sure did. And then when did 0:07:26.120 --> 0:07:32.480 the movie come out? Has two thousand twelve. Yes, I 0:07:32.520 --> 0:07:34.680 know we're going to get into that, but yeah, we'll 0:07:34.720 --> 0:07:38.560 talk about that in a little bit. So Mr Greer 0:07:38.600 --> 0:07:41.920 assembled a team of um, we're going to call them 0:07:42.200 --> 0:07:46.080 air quote respected scientists unquote. Some of the some of 0:07:46.160 --> 0:07:48.640 the people on the team I think are actually professionals 0:07:48.640 --> 0:07:50.760 in their fields. Well, I think some of them are 0:07:51.200 --> 0:07:55.280 actually good, like good scientists. Some of the research that 0:07:55.320 --> 0:07:59.880 I've read, I trust these people are competent as seven 0:08:00.080 --> 0:08:01.640 or maybe not so much. And some of the other 0:08:01.640 --> 0:08:04.160 people on his team maybe not so much. But we'll 0:08:04.360 --> 0:08:08.840 make sure to make note when we believe people and 0:08:08.840 --> 0:08:11.520 when we don't believe people, because you know us, we're 0:08:11.560 --> 0:08:16.320 good at that. Um so so yeah. Mr Greer and 0:08:16.440 --> 0:08:19.520 his team went to Barcelona in two thousand and twelve 0:08:19.760 --> 0:08:24.400 to kentuct extensive research on the skeleton. The team was 0:08:24.440 --> 0:08:29.200 headed up by Dr Gary Nolan, who, after some googling, 0:08:29.560 --> 0:08:33.120 you know, he's a lot of UFO stuff for this guy. 0:08:33.200 --> 0:08:38.600 He's definitely upologist's into it, Yeah Nolan, Dr Nolan. But 0:08:38.720 --> 0:08:45.079 he is also a geneticist at Stanford, same same guy. Yeah, 0:08:45.400 --> 0:08:49.520 so I guess he's probably not a total hack. I 0:08:49.559 --> 0:08:52.040 don't know, It's hard to tell with these people sometimes, 0:08:52.120 --> 0:09:00.000 right Yeah, yeah, probably yeah. Uh so, anyway, um, we'll 0:09:00.200 --> 0:09:02.200 we'll talk a little bit more about the other members 0:09:02.200 --> 0:09:05.160 of the team, or at least one other member. Okay, later, 0:09:05.240 --> 0:09:08.000 but I do want to just first start out by 0:09:08.040 --> 0:09:11.120 describing the skeleton. I know that we have some listeners 0:09:11.160 --> 0:09:13.839 that you know, listen us while they're driving things like that. 0:09:14.080 --> 0:09:17.120 So let's talk about what the skeleton looked like and 0:09:17.160 --> 0:09:19.360 what makes it so strange other than the fact that 0:09:19.400 --> 0:09:22.640 it's six inches tall. Um, So let's go with that. 0:09:22.880 --> 0:09:30.160 The team examined atta atta ata um and they took 0:09:30.240 --> 0:09:33.880 DNA samples from the distal ends of the anterior ribs, 0:09:33.880 --> 0:09:35.760 which is the fancy way of saying that they took 0:09:35.800 --> 0:09:38.360 samples from the front ends of the ribs, which should 0:09:38.360 --> 0:09:41.000 have been connected to the stern um. There's no stern 0:09:41.080 --> 0:09:44.880 um on this skeleton, which isn't really that weird to me, 0:09:44.920 --> 0:09:47.959 I guess, and the run I don't think so. I'm 0:09:47.960 --> 0:09:52.920 not sure how well formed the stern um is young age, yeah, 0:09:52.960 --> 0:09:56.320 I think that's well, at what age that's the question. Well, yeah, 0:09:56.360 --> 0:09:58.360 that is a big question on this, but it doesn't 0:09:58.400 --> 0:10:03.280 really I mean, you, in a human fetus, the sternham forms, 0:10:03.320 --> 0:10:07.040 it's there. I think the sternham forms in like the 0:10:07.120 --> 0:10:11.040 fourth or fifth month. Once the rib cage firms up 0:10:11.080 --> 0:10:14.719 and all the organs have developed. Then it kind of 0:10:14.760 --> 0:10:18.120 because you know, it shouldn't create too early because it 0:10:18.160 --> 0:10:20.760 could make the cavity too small. So I think that 0:10:20.800 --> 0:10:23.040 that's one of the reasons that it waits longer right there. 0:10:23.120 --> 0:10:27.280 But there is a big dispute about this critters, Yeah, 0:10:27.280 --> 0:10:29.559 there is, yeah, And well, we are absolutely going to 0:10:29.600 --> 0:10:31.719 get into that at a minute. But so that's where 0:10:31.720 --> 0:10:34.719 they took the bone the DNA samples from. And there 0:10:34.840 --> 0:10:39.679 was bone marrow in the skull as well, so they 0:10:39.679 --> 0:10:41.880 took a little bit of that for testing. And I've 0:10:41.880 --> 0:10:45.000 seen I've seen a lot of hubbub about if you 0:10:45.040 --> 0:10:46.560 see photos of this and you see the back of 0:10:46.559 --> 0:10:48.640 the head, there's a hole in it, and they say 0:10:48.720 --> 0:10:51.800 that's because they punched that hole to get the d 0:10:51.960 --> 0:10:54.720 N A. Yes, But you also hear a lot of 0:10:54.760 --> 0:10:58.760 people on the internet say, oh, no, that's obviously the 0:10:58.800 --> 0:11:01.439 cause of death. Okay, So actually I can clarify this. 0:11:01.960 --> 0:11:04.960 They took CT scans and X rays before they started 0:11:04.960 --> 0:11:08.560 to do anything exploratory, and you can see in the 0:11:08.640 --> 0:11:11.520 CT scans there's a fracture at the back of the head. 0:11:11.600 --> 0:11:13.040 It's not a huge hole in the back of the 0:11:13.040 --> 0:11:15.200 head where they had to cut through. But there is 0:11:15.240 --> 0:11:19.199 a visible fracture in the back of the skull. That 0:11:19.200 --> 0:11:21.000 that's what they're talking about when they say that's the 0:11:21.040 --> 0:11:26.920 cause of death. Well, I've seen somewhere. Or I guess 0:11:27.200 --> 0:11:30.679 misinformed is probably a better way of saying. It's their misinformed. 0:11:30.920 --> 0:11:32.960 That big hole. As far as I can tell, they 0:11:32.960 --> 0:11:38.360 did cut it to get to extract started material out. Yeah, 0:11:38.440 --> 0:11:41.800 I am not of the impression that that whole existed 0:11:42.160 --> 0:11:45.480 prior to the test with that, but there was there 0:11:45.520 --> 0:11:47.640 was a fracture. Yeah, there was actually a photograph to 0:11:47.880 --> 0:11:52.120 from from prior where there was not where ye. Um, 0:11:52.200 --> 0:11:55.080 But that's good. So, like I said, they took X 0:11:55.160 --> 0:11:58.240 rays and CT scans of the tiny skeleton to make 0:11:58.240 --> 0:12:01.760 sure that they could evaluate the body for any abnormalities 0:12:01.920 --> 0:12:05.920 before they did any again exploration. So they were they 0:12:05.920 --> 0:12:08.320 were following good procedures. They were following actually they're falling 0:12:08.600 --> 0:12:13.880 exceptional procedure. Yeah, everything was done in a totally sterile environment. Um. 0:12:13.920 --> 0:12:16.800 Everything was documented. People were taking pictures and filming the 0:12:16.960 --> 0:12:19.280 entire time, which is really important also so you can 0:12:19.320 --> 0:12:22.440 document if somebody happened to do something that caused damage 0:12:22.480 --> 0:12:24.480 to it. You could come back later and say, Okay, 0:12:24.520 --> 0:12:26.720 did one of us do this while we were exploring 0:12:26.840 --> 0:12:29.360 or did not? So this isn't like when they did 0:12:29.400 --> 0:12:31.839 all the testing on the dinosaur bones and determined that 0:12:31.880 --> 0:12:35.640 they were part ostrich. Yeah, no, not like that. Okay, no, 0:12:35.920 --> 0:12:39.280 So at least during this part, during the examination, the 0:12:39.320 --> 0:12:43.280 procedures were they were very well followed. So ada. As 0:12:43.280 --> 0:12:46.480 I've mentioned again and again, six inches long, which is, um, 0:12:46.800 --> 0:12:52.520 we're tall. You referred to as six inches tall? Yeah, tall, long, tall, 0:12:52.800 --> 0:12:56.880 which is uh. I think it's fifteen centimeters is what 0:12:57.000 --> 0:13:00.240 I see. That's about about equal. One place I saw 0:13:00.240 --> 0:13:02.520 it described as a hundred and fifty millimeters, which I 0:13:02.520 --> 0:13:08.160 thought was silly at more accurate breaking into millimeters, I 0:13:08.160 --> 0:13:11.200 don't know. Maybe yeah, anyway, so it's about that size 0:13:11.240 --> 0:13:16.640 again for our not in non American measurers measures. Yeah, 0:13:16.800 --> 0:13:20.280 it's got a goofy looking a head though it's very elongated. 0:13:20.640 --> 0:13:21.960 It's kind of you know, what it reminds me of 0:13:22.040 --> 0:13:25.920 is the crystal skull from Indiana Jones was terrible movie, 0:13:26.000 --> 0:13:27.960 you know what you're talking about. So it's a very 0:13:27.960 --> 0:13:35.240 long oval skulls. Yeah, and you can see, there's some 0:13:35.400 --> 0:13:40.400 bone abnormalities, just like in the formation of it um, 0:13:40.440 --> 0:13:43.319 so it doesn't seem as though the skull was crushed 0:13:43.480 --> 0:13:49.679 postmortem to be that like squeezed collapsed on itself a 0:13:49.720 --> 0:13:52.560 little bit. I see what you're Yeah, And like I said, 0:13:52.559 --> 0:13:55.400 there's a fracture on the back right side of the skull, 0:13:55.800 --> 0:13:58.800 which is often ruled as the cause of death. There's 0:13:58.880 --> 0:14:01.920 a tooth in the jaw. Actually, I don't know if 0:14:01.920 --> 0:14:03.440 you guys actually got a chance to look at this 0:14:03.559 --> 0:14:06.080 or not. It's kind of interesting. There's an actual tooth 0:14:06.400 --> 0:14:10.359 in the jaw. It's not like little infant you know, Newblin's. 0:14:10.440 --> 0:14:13.000 It's like an actual They describe it as a mature tooth, 0:14:13.520 --> 0:14:20.160 which is interesting. Yeah, you know again interesting. Yeah, it's unusual. 0:14:20.480 --> 0:14:23.400 It is unusual. There's a fracture on the right arm, 0:14:23.520 --> 0:14:27.320 just above the elbow. The skeleton has just ten ribs, 0:14:27.360 --> 0:14:31.000 which is weird. You know, humans have twelve ribs. Everybody 0:14:31.040 --> 0:14:34.440 knows that, and after two months in utero, a human 0:14:34.480 --> 0:14:40.560 fetus well developed all twelve ribs, mentioning usually yeah, and 0:14:40.680 --> 0:14:44.800 almost every circumstance. Yeah, yeah. The during the CT scan, 0:14:45.520 --> 0:14:49.400 it was revealed that there are there are lungs in 0:14:49.600 --> 0:14:54.440 the this mummy skeleton thing, or or were well remains 0:14:54.520 --> 0:14:59.000 of the and quote what appears to be the remains 0:14:59.040 --> 0:15:03.040 of a heart structure unquote. And this has caused the 0:15:03.080 --> 0:15:05.760 team at Stanford and also pretty much every researcher to 0:15:05.800 --> 0:15:09.120 look at this stuff to believe that it's it's a 0:15:09.160 --> 0:15:11.920 real skeleton of a real living thing. It's not just 0:15:11.920 --> 0:15:13.760 a little it's not just a hoax, not just a 0:15:13.760 --> 0:15:16.920 little curved If this is If this is a hoax, 0:15:17.200 --> 0:15:20.600 this is the best hoax. And I saw a very 0:15:20.640 --> 0:15:23.480 tongue in cheek thing recently when I was reading about this. 0:15:23.520 --> 0:15:25.000 I think it was actually just like an hour or 0:15:25.000 --> 0:15:29.040 two ago that said the quote was this couldn't be 0:15:29.080 --> 0:15:33.200 a hoax unless it was hoaxed by aliens like God. 0:15:33.240 --> 0:15:37.000 Of course you would go there a sense of humor. Yeah. Really. 0:15:38.840 --> 0:15:43.720 There's also a fairly pronounced curve to the spine. Both 0:15:43.720 --> 0:15:45.920 there's a hump like, but I think that's just from 0:15:45.960 --> 0:15:48.800 the way it was preserved. Yeah, hump near the shoulders 0:15:48.880 --> 0:15:52.640 kind of. But also the spine curves like in a 0:15:52.680 --> 0:15:56.080 serious curve to it. Yeah, well, I don't think it's 0:15:56.080 --> 0:15:58.960 an ass curve. I don't think it ever curves back, 0:15:59.120 --> 0:16:01.000 is the thing. It's just to see it just curves 0:16:01.000 --> 0:16:03.440 the one way. And again, I we don't know. I 0:16:03.480 --> 0:16:11.600 don't know certainly if it's just from the mummiphization, the 0:16:11.720 --> 0:16:16.120 mummifizing of it, and also being wrapped, being wrapped up 0:16:16.120 --> 0:16:19.640 in the cloths and the breast while there's still moisture 0:16:19.680 --> 0:16:22.680 in the body and dries out, it's gonna stiffen in 0:16:22.720 --> 0:16:26.680 whatever position it's at. Yeah, and there's one more thing 0:16:26.840 --> 0:16:29.160 to mention, Well, I guess there's a few more things 0:16:29.200 --> 0:16:31.160 to mention. I want to mention how tiny the little 0:16:31.160 --> 0:16:37.120 feet are, tiny, tiny little feet and yeah, but yeah, 0:16:37.200 --> 0:16:41.480 smaller than mine, but also like proportionately tiny, right would you? 0:16:41.520 --> 0:16:44.440 I would say you can almost miss them, almost at 0:16:44.440 --> 0:16:47.200 the little bottom of the legs. I didn't. I didn't 0:16:47.200 --> 0:16:49.360 find them to be out of proportion, But then again, 0:16:49.600 --> 0:16:53.720 it is so small to begin with. That that's why 0:16:53.720 --> 0:16:56.800 I don't find them to be disproportionately small. That's fair. 0:16:57.080 --> 0:16:59.960 The other the other thing that I have to mention, 0:17:00.000 --> 0:17:03.600 shin is the knees. And knees, it turns out, for 0:17:03.640 --> 0:17:06.360 those of you who don't know, are pretty good way 0:17:06.400 --> 0:17:11.240 of determining determining age, early years in life in humans. Yeah, 0:17:11.359 --> 0:17:14.520 because when we're born, we don't really have knee caps, 0:17:14.760 --> 0:17:17.560 which is a misnomer. We do have knee caps, they're 0:17:17.600 --> 0:17:21.879 just all cartilage and then they harden over time. Yeah, 0:17:21.920 --> 0:17:24.920 but you but when you're born, you basically don't have 0:17:25.119 --> 0:17:29.000 knee caps. And you can look at the X rays 0:17:29.080 --> 0:17:31.960 of knees. It's very interesting. There's like, no, they don't 0:17:32.000 --> 0:17:34.760 look like knee basically when you're an infant, they just 0:17:34.840 --> 0:17:37.640 don't um and it's hard to describe. So I would 0:17:37.720 --> 0:17:39.520 encourage you guys to go out and google this because 0:17:39.520 --> 0:17:41.560 it is kind of fascinating. I didn't really know this 0:17:41.640 --> 0:17:45.119 about me. Bies look like it basically just looks like 0:17:45.160 --> 0:17:48.000 there's two leg bones and there's like a little there's 0:17:48.080 --> 0:17:52.040 little little balls of bones on either side, but there's 0:17:52.040 --> 0:17:54.760 no there's no noticeable joint and there's no cap or 0:17:54.760 --> 0:18:00.880 anything like that. Formed babies are weird. Babies are really weird. Yeah, 0:18:01.200 --> 0:18:03.760 So they stay car large until you're about three, and 0:18:03.760 --> 0:18:05.719 then they cause file all the way up until you're 0:18:05.720 --> 0:18:08.240 about six to eight, depending on you know, your own 0:18:08.240 --> 0:18:12.919 personal development. But apparently, and I know Steve has some 0:18:12.960 --> 0:18:14.800 things to say about this that will tackle in the 0:18:14.800 --> 0:18:20.520 theories sections. But apparently Adda had fully formed kneecaps, which 0:18:20.920 --> 0:18:24.200 again it's hard to tell because he's so tiny that 0:18:24.280 --> 0:18:27.600 it's really hard to see what's going on. And I 0:18:27.640 --> 0:18:29.840 haven't I haven't seen anything that looks like a knee 0:18:29.840 --> 0:18:33.040 cap to me. It's interesting, right, It's it's hard. Like 0:18:33.080 --> 0:18:34.720 I said, it's hard to tell. And we will, we'll 0:18:34.920 --> 0:18:37.320 grab onto this a little bit more in the We're 0:18:37.320 --> 0:18:40.120 going to come back to um but but you will 0:18:40.160 --> 0:18:43.080 see that around and again it's it's hard. I'm kind 0:18:43.080 --> 0:18:46.120 off on it, like I don't know. I'm also not 0:18:46.280 --> 0:18:49.080 a scientist, so I can't look at that and be like, oh, yeah, 0:18:49.080 --> 0:18:53.280 totally that's a knee cap. I don't really can you. Yeah, 0:18:53.320 --> 0:18:55.360 of course I got knees. I know what they look 0:18:55.440 --> 0:19:00.520 like the inside you Sam, in the inside of your knees, right, yeah, yeah, 0:19:00.880 --> 0:19:07.359 I don't know. I'm thinking. Yeah. So people go ahead 0:19:07.400 --> 0:19:12.000 and say that the with the knees and the presence 0:19:12.040 --> 0:19:16.880 of a developed tooth, that would put this being at 0:19:16.960 --> 0:19:23.720 having lived for some time at least to hear outside 0:19:24.440 --> 0:19:28.119 outside of the can't be. It can't be. The sculet 0:19:28.119 --> 0:19:31.040 of a fetus. Right, that's the that's the thing that 0:19:31.080 --> 0:19:33.280 you draw, that's the conclusion that you would draw from 0:19:33.359 --> 0:19:36.200 this information. Again, we're going to talk about all this 0:19:36.240 --> 0:19:41.040 stuff in the theory. So, like everybody stopped yelling at me, please, yeah, 0:19:41.080 --> 0:19:46.320 because there's another really big twist. It's a really big twist, 0:19:46.440 --> 0:19:48.760 and that is you remember I said they took DNA 0:19:49.000 --> 0:19:52.480 from the ribs and they tested that as well as 0:19:52.480 --> 0:19:56.439 the bone marrow found in the skull. And apparently the 0:19:56.560 --> 0:20:02.119 report is that ADA only share there's one percent of 0:20:03.040 --> 0:20:08.199 its DNA with humans. Don dune done for comparison, for comparison, 0:20:08.600 --> 0:20:12.680 we share about our DNA with cats, with cows and 0:20:13.440 --> 0:20:18.720 with bananas. So I shouldn't cos I guess no, I 0:20:18.720 --> 0:20:23.280 guess not. Yeah. And there's there's some variants. There's there's 0:20:23.359 --> 0:20:26.920 variants between humans, right, that's that's an actual thing. There's 0:20:26.960 --> 0:20:31.600 genetic variants. But it's about point five percent variants. Yeah, 0:20:31.600 --> 0:20:36.960 half percent variants between any Homo sapien. One last thing, 0:20:37.119 --> 0:20:39.080 I keep saying that, right, I keep saying, Oh, on 0:20:39.080 --> 0:20:41.440 one last thing I have to mention. But one last thing, 0:20:41.720 --> 0:20:44.800 it's fine, this is you you have now gone to 0:20:44.880 --> 0:20:49.560 the same level as TV News, which is we're going 0:20:49.600 --> 0:20:52.520 to drop the story, but first we're going to tell 0:20:52.520 --> 0:20:55.560 you about this. We're gonna come back with this main story. 0:20:55.640 --> 0:20:57.080 But now we're going to go to the weather. So 0:20:57.200 --> 0:20:59.679 that's what she's that's it's not annoying when they do 0:20:59.760 --> 0:21:05.080 that means brilliant, brilliant. Okay, we'll be back after this 0:21:05.160 --> 0:21:08.960 word from our sponsors. Yeah, one last thing again, I 0:21:09.080 --> 0:21:11.840 was actually the second to last thing, um, and then 0:21:11.840 --> 0:21:14.199 we'll talk about the weather in Edinburgh. Yeah, if you 0:21:14.240 --> 0:21:17.520 can say all the names. Yeah, Well, nobody really knows 0:21:17.560 --> 0:21:20.199 how old this thing is. Obviously when they first found it, 0:21:20.240 --> 0:21:22.719 they thought, oh my god, this thing is like millennia 0:21:23.680 --> 0:21:27.040 because because it was mommified and it didn't look like 0:21:27.080 --> 0:21:29.120 anything we knew about, and they were like, well, maybe 0:21:29.119 --> 0:21:33.560 it's some like pre homo sapien type thing, Maybe it's 0:21:33.560 --> 0:21:36.840 a Neanderthal, maybe it's you know, who knows. And they've 0:21:36.880 --> 0:21:38.679 come to the conclusion since then that it's like a 0:21:38.720 --> 0:21:43.160 couple of decades old, not the most Yeah. Yeah, um. 0:21:43.200 --> 0:21:46.840 But as I mentioned, Ripley of Ripley's Believe it or not, 0:21:47.880 --> 0:21:51.720 his name is Robert Robert Ripley. He's involved in the case, 0:21:51.800 --> 0:21:59.880 Like I said, I'm sorry he was he was sort 0:21:59.920 --> 0:22:03.480 of involved, kind of in a way. You guys know, 0:22:04.240 --> 0:22:08.560 Ripley was obsessed with shrunken heads. Yeah, like obsessed, which 0:22:09.880 --> 0:22:13.119 I kind of think shunken heads are awesome. You know 0:22:13.200 --> 0:22:15.879 how many times I have found myself in front of 0:22:15.880 --> 0:22:21.440 the computer at twelve o'clock at night, drunk and googling 0:22:21.520 --> 0:22:24.960 shrunken heads and trying to figure out if the website 0:22:25.000 --> 0:22:27.440 that says I can buy one is legit or not. 0:22:27.920 --> 0:22:30.639 I feel like I need to have a conversation with 0:22:30.680 --> 0:22:36.560 you about your adult, mature choices that you're making mid 0:22:36.680 --> 0:22:40.240 night and you're choosing to google shrunken heads, which makes 0:22:40.240 --> 0:22:42.080 me a little concerned about you. That's a really weird 0:22:42.320 --> 0:22:44.159 And what I want to know about these websites is 0:22:44.280 --> 0:22:46.080 how does it work? Do you like, do you have 0:22:46.160 --> 0:22:47.959 to cut somebody's head off and mail it to them 0:22:48.000 --> 0:22:50.280 and they shrink it for you? But is it also 0:22:50.400 --> 0:22:54.120 like are there like hot shrinking? They're authentic, They're authentic 0:22:54.320 --> 0:22:57.080 from natives. I don't know. I was drunk. Can we 0:22:57.160 --> 0:23:00.080 keep going? Please? Very concerned? Actually we're gonna have an 0:23:00.080 --> 0:23:01.960 intervention later. Well, we wrapped this up I'm gonna go 0:23:01.960 --> 0:23:03.640 out in the eBay and see if there's anything out there. 0:23:03.680 --> 0:23:07.480 I'm sure there is. Yeah, probably is. Yeah. Anyway, on 0:23:07.480 --> 0:23:11.120 on Ripley's Shrunken Heads Quest for the Shrunken Head, which 0:23:11.160 --> 0:23:14.480 is an actual book by the way, it's Ripley's Quest 0:23:14.560 --> 0:23:18.520 for the Shrunken Head. I almost bought it. I came 0:23:18.560 --> 0:23:20.720 closer than I ever have to buying a book for 0:23:20.760 --> 0:23:24.160 the podcast. So there's that. Um, he found this tiny 0:23:24.160 --> 0:23:27.360 skeleton in nineteen in the nineteen thirties, early nineteen thirties, 0:23:27.440 --> 0:23:29.800 he found this tiny skeleton he called at a Boy. 0:23:29.880 --> 0:23:33.160 He found his in Peru. But the at a common 0:23:33.240 --> 0:23:37.240 desert does actually go all the way up into Peru. 0:23:37.400 --> 0:23:40.760 It's like I said, it's really really big dessert. So um, yeah, 0:23:41.040 --> 0:23:43.760 Ripley called the skeleton at a boy. And that's that. 0:23:44.280 --> 0:23:48.600 They look vaguely kind of similar, not really, not really 0:23:49.119 --> 0:23:52.480 actually at all. So they're boys. They are both three. 0:23:52.640 --> 0:23:58.880 Tall boy looks more akin to a shrunken head in 0:23:59.000 --> 0:24:02.560 terms of the shape and the texture in the photos 0:24:02.560 --> 0:24:05.159 that I've seen. I think atta boy is kind of cute, 0:24:05.320 --> 0:24:07.040 not like the skeleton, but I think it's cute that 0:24:07.119 --> 0:24:10.000 Ripley called him that. Yeah, I think it's kind of 0:24:10.000 --> 0:24:14.360